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Nieto H, Lee J, Hall C, McDermott AL. The Otolaryngology Consultant Workforce in England: A Survey Update and Future Repercussions. Clin Otolaryngol 2024. [PMID: 38895779 DOI: 10.1111/coa.14190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 05/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Effective medical staffing is pivotal for a successful healthcare system, demanding strategic planning to ensure a high-quality service. Although the UK's doctor to population ratio has improved over time, it remains below global averages. The COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated existing challenges, resulting in an unprecedented NHS waiting list with Ear, Nose, and Throat (ENT) surgeries ranking third highest in waiting times amongst all specialties. METHODS This study utilized a national jotform survey to gather data from ENTUK members, primarily focusing on consultant staffing within ENT departments across the UK. Additional information collected encompassed registration status, part-time roles, gender, vacancies, locum roles, associate specialists, registrars and other junior doctors, and advanced nurse practitioners. When survey responses were inadequate, direct communication was established with departmental consultants or secretaries, followed by Freedom of Information requests as necessary. All data were compiled using Microsoft Excel. RESULTS Among the 65 responses to the ENTUK survey, 53 individual trusts were identified. These included 41 English acute trusts, with supplementary participation from Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland. Data from 749 consultants across 115 English acute trusts were collected in combination with a Freedom of Information request. CONCLUSION Despite an increased number of ENT consultants, the persistence of unfilled posts coincides with mounting waiting lists. The pandemic's effects, including early retirements and part-time roles, emphasise the urgency of expanding training positions to counterbalance these shifts. Local and national interventions are essential to fortify and diversify the ENT workforce through a variety of strategies.
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Girard L, Koh YJ, Koh LP, Chee YL, Chan HL, Lee J, de Mel S, Poon LM, Samuel M. Role of upfront autologous transplant for peripheral T-cell lymphoma patients achieving a complete remission with first-line therapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Bone Marrow Transplant 2024; 59:838-848. [PMID: 38443704 DOI: 10.1038/s41409-024-02254-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
There is currently no consensus on the role of upfront autologous transplantation (ASCT) for patients with peripheral T-cell lymphomas (PTCL), especially in patients achieving first complete remission (CR1) following chemotherapy, and data in the literature is conflicting. A systematic review and meta-analysis was performed to address this question. We searched key databases from January 2000 to February 2022. Six prospective and eleven retrospective studies were included among 2959 unique records. Median follow up in these studies ranged from 22 to 94 months. There was a trend towards benefit in PFS (HR = 0.80, 95% CI 0.62-1.05, p = 0.11) and OS (HR = 0.79, 95% CI 0.57-1.09, p = 0.15) in the ASCT compared to chemotherapy only group. Importantly, in transplant eligible patients in CR1, a significant benefit was demonstrated in both OS (HR = 0.59, 95% CI 0.36-0.95, p = 0.03) and PFS (HR = 0.61, 95% CI 0.47-0.81, p = 0.0004) in the ASCT group. Amongst the nodal PTCL subgroups, ASCT showed a significant PFS benefit for the AITL subgroup (HR = 0.43, 95% CI 0.20-0.94, p < 0.03) but not PTCL-NOS or ALK-ve ALCL subgroups. Our findings support upfront ASCT for transplant eligible PTCL patients achieving CR1 post chemotherapy. In particular, patients with AITL exhibited a significantly better PFS after upfront ASCT.
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Mayer C, Lee J, Carossino M, Nevarez JG. RETROSPECTIVE STUDY OF MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY IN A CAPTIVE POPULATION OF CRYPTOSPORIDIUM-POSITIVE LOUISIANA PINE SNAKES ( PITUOPHIS RUTHVENI). J Zoo Wildl Med 2024; 55:355-368. [PMID: 38875192 DOI: 10.1638/2023-0096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The Louisiana pine snake (Pituophis ruthveni) is a diurnal colubrid species native to Louisiana and eastern Texas whose free-ranging populations have been declining over at least the past 30 yr. The creation and maintenance of sustainable captive breeding programs of P. ruthveni to restore native populations has also provided ample opportunity for research into this species and for P. ruthveni to serve as a research model for other colubrid snakes. However, no investigation into prevalent causes of morbidity and mortality in captive populations of this species has been described. A research population of P. ruthveni was maintained at Louisiana State University (LSU) for over 4 yr due to unsuitability for breeding after testing positive for Cryptosporidium serpentis. Since arrival at LSU, the snakes were under close veterinary surveillance. Complete postmortem examinations were performed on 12 snakes that died or were euthanized. The aim of this study was to further understanding of common factors influencing morbidity and mortality in captive P. ruthveni infected with C. serpentis, by retrospectively reviewing postmortem exam findings from the 12 deceased members of the population at LSU. A predominant finding across individuals included bacterial infections, which were responsible for major illness or death in 37.5% of the animals. Fifty percent of snakes tested positive for Cryptosporidium sp. based on PCR performed from postmortem samples; it was directly implicated as cause of death or morbidity in 83.3% of positive cases. Although infectious disease represented the most common pathologic postmortem finding, several noninfectious disease processes were identified, including gout, goiter, and neoplasia. These findings mirror those of other retrospective investigations of reptile collections at various institutions and highlight the need for appropriate emphasis on the identification, treatment, and prevention of infectious disease as part of routine veterinary care.
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Chung C, Choi S, Bae J, Jeong H, Lee J, Lee H. Developing and Validating a Korean Version of the Assessment of Children's Emotional Skills. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 2024; 55:819-830. [PMID: 36229629 PMCID: PMC11061020 DOI: 10.1007/s10578-022-01452-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
In this study, a Korean Assessment of Children's Emotional Skills (ACES) was developed by modifying the original ACES which was initially introduced in the United States. Specifically, the original ACES was translated into Korean and revised to better fit the Korean cultural context. The content validity of the revised Korean ACES was established via expert reviews. To test its reliability, the revised Korean ACES was conducted on 286 six-year-old children. A confirmatory factor analysis indicated that our newly developed Korean ACES can be used as an appropriate tool to measure Korean children's emotional skills. The Korean ACES can stimulate further studies on these emotional skills and contribute to various international collaborative studies that seek to compare the emotional skills of children from diverse cultural backgrounds.
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Lee J, Kim D, Xu X, Kuang T, Gateno J, Yan P. Predicting optimal patient-specific postoperative facial landmarks for patients with craniomaxillofacial deformities. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2024:S0901-5027(24)00149-8. [PMID: 38782663 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2024.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Orthognathic surgery primarily corrects skeletal anomalies and malocclusion to enhance facial aesthetics, aiming for an improved facial appearance. However, this traditional skeletal-driven approach may result in undesirable residual asymmetry. To address this issue, a soft tissue-driven planning methodology has been proposed. This technique estimates bone movements based on the envisioned optimal facial appearance, thereby enhancing surgical accuracy and effectiveness. This study investigates the initial implementation phase of the soft tissue-driven approach, simulating the patient's ideal appearance by realigning distorted facial landmarks to an ideal state. The algorithm employs symmetrization and weighted optimization strategies, aligning projected optimal landmarks with standard cephalometric values for both facial symmetry and form, which are essential in orthognathic surgery for facial aesthetics. It also incorporates regularization to preserve the patient's facial characteristics. Validation through retrospective analysis of preoperative patients and normal subjects demonstrates this method's efficacy in achieving facial symmetry, particularly in the lower face, and promoting a natural, harmonious contour. Adhering to soft tissue-driven principles, this novel approach shows promise in surpassing traditional methods, potentially leading to enhanced facial outcomes and patient satisfaction in orthognathic surgery.
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Hayrapetyan A, Tumasyan A, Adam W, Andrejkovic JW, Bergauer T, Chatterjee S, Damanakis K, Dragicevic M, Del Valle AE, Hussain PS, Jeitler M, Krammer N, Liko D, Mikulec I, Schieck J, Schöfbeck R, Schwarz D, Sonawane M, Templ S, Waltenberger W, Wulz CE, Darwish MR, Janssen T, Van Mechelen P, Bols ES, D’Hondt J, Dansana S, De Moor A, Delcourt M, El Faham H, Lowette S, Makarenko I, Müller D, Sahasransu AR, Tavernier S, Tytgat M, Van Putte S, Vannerom D, Clerbaux B, De Lentdecker G, Favart L, Hohov D, Jaramillo J, Khalilzadeh A, Lee K, Mahdavikhorrami M, Malara A, Paredes S, Pétré L, Postiau N, Thomas L, Bemden MV, Velde CV, Vanlaer P, De Coen M, Dobur D, Hong Y, Knolle J, Lambrecht L, Mestdach G, Rendón C, Samalan A, Skovpen K, Van Den Bossche N, Wezenbeek L, Benecke A, Bruno G, Caputo C, Delaere C, Donertas IS, Giammanco A, Jaffel K, Jain S, Lemaitre V, Lidrych J, Mastrapasqua P, Mondal K, Tran TT, Wertz S, Alves GA, Coelho E, Hensel C, Menezes De Oliveira T, Moraes A, Rebello Teles P, Soeiro M, Aldá Júnior WL, Alves Gallo Pereira M, Barroso Ferreira Filho M, Brandao Malbouisson H, Carvalho W, Chinellato J, Da Costa EM, Da Silveira GG, De Jesus Damiao D, Fonseca De Souza S, Martins J, Mora Herrera C, Mota Amarilo K, Mundim L, Nogima H, Santoro A, Silva Do Amaral SM, Sznajder A, Thiel M, Vilela Pereira A, Bernardes CA, Calligaris L, Fernandez Perez Tomei TR, Gregores EM, Mercadante PG, Novaes SF, Orzari B, Padula SS, Aleksandrov A, Antchev G, Hadjiiska R, Iaydjiev P, Misheva M, Shopova M, Sultanov G, Dimitrov A, Ivanov T, Litov L, Pavlov B, Petkov P, Petrov A, Shumka E, Keshri S, Thakur S, Cheng T, Guo Q, Javaid T, Mittal M, Yuan L, Bauer G, Hu Z, Yi K, Chen GM, Chen HS, Chen M, Iemmi F, Jiang CH, Kapoor A, Liao H, Liu ZA, Monti F, Shahzad MA, Sharma R, Song JN, Tao J, Wang C, Wang J, Wang Z, Zhang H, Agapitos A, Ban Y, Levin A, Li C, Li Q, Lyu X, Mao Y, Qian SJ, Sun X, Wang D, Yang H, Zhou C, You Z, Lu N, Gao X, Leggat D, Okawa H, Zhang Y, Lin Z, Lu C, Xiao M, Avila C, Barbosa Trujillo DA, Cabrera A, Florez C, Fraga J, Reyes Vega JA, Mejia Guisao J, Ramirez F, Rodriguez M, Ruiz Alvarez JD, Giljanovic D, Godinovic N, Lelas D, Sculac A, Kovac M, Sculac T, Bargassa P, Brigljevic V, Chitroda BK, Ferencek D, Mishra S, Starodumov A, Susa T, Attikis A, Christoforou K, Konstantinou S, Mousa J, Nicolaou C, Ptochos F, Razis PA, Rykaczewski H, Saka H, Stepennov A, Finger M, Finger M, Kveton A, Ayala E, Carrera Jarrin E, Elgammal S, Ellithi Kamel A, Lotfy A, Mahmoud MA, Dewanjee RK, Ehataht K, Kadastik M, Lange T, Nandan S, Nielsen C, Pata J, Raidal M, Tani L, Veelken C, Kirschenmann H, Osterberg K, Voutilainen M, Bharthuar S, Brücken E, Garcia F, Havukainen J, Kallonen KTS, Kim MS, Kinnunen R, Lampén T, Lassila-Perini K, Lehti S, Lindén T, Lotti M, Martikainen L, Myllymäki M, Rantanen MM, Siikonen H, Tuominen E, Tuominiemi J, Luukka P, Petrow H, Tuuva T, Besancon M, Couderc F, Dejardin M, Denegri D, Faure JL, Ferri F, Ganjour S, Gras P, Hamel de Monchenault G, Lohezic V, Malcles J, Rander J, Rosowsky A, Sahin MÖ, Savoy-Navarro A, Simkina P, Titov M, Baldenegro Barrera C, Beaudette F, Buchot Perraguin A, Busson P, Cappati A, Charlot C, Damas F, Davignon O, De Wit A, Falmagne G, Fontana Santos Alves BA, Ghosh S, Gilbert A, Granier de Cassagnac R, Hakimi A, Harikrishnan B, Kalipoliti L, Liu G, Motta J, Nguyen M, Ochando C, Portales L, Salerno R, Sarkar U, Sauvan JB, Sirois Y, Tarabini A, Vernazza E, Zabi A, Zghiche A, Agram JL, Andrea J, Apparu D, Bloch D, Brom JM, Chabert EC, Collard C, Falke S, Goerlach U, Grimault C, Haeberle R, Le Bihan AC, Sessini MA, Van Hove P, Beauceron S, Blancon B, Boudoul G, Chanon N, Choi J, Contardo D, Depasse P, Dozen C, El Mamouni H, Fay J, Gascon S, Gouzevitch M, Greenberg C, Grenier G, Ille B, Laktineh IB, Lethuillier M, Mirabito L, Perries S, Donckt MV, Verdier P, Xiao J, Khvedelidze A, Lomidze I, Tsamalaidze Z, Botta V, Feld L, Klein K, Lipinski M, Meuser D, Pauls A, Röwert N, Teroerde M, Diekmann S, Dodonova A, Eich N, Eliseev D, Engelke F, Erdmann M, Fackeldey P, Fischer B, Hebbeker T, Hoepfner K, Ivone F, Jung A, Lee MY, Mastrolorenzo L, Merschmeyer M, Meyer A, Mukherjee S, Noll D, Novak A, Nowotny F, Pozdnyakov A, Rath Y, Redjeb W, Rehm F, Reithler H, Sarkisovi V, Schmidt A, Schuler SC, Sharma A, Stein A, Torres Da Silva De Araujo F, Vigilante L, Wiedenbeck S, Zaleski S, Dziwok C, Flügge G, Haj Ahmad W, Kress T, Nowack A, Pooth O, Stahl A, Ziemons T, Zotz A, Aarup Petersen H, Aldaya Martin M, Alimena J, Amoroso S, An Y, Baxter S, Bayatmakou M, Becerril Gonzalez H, Behnke O, Belvedere A, Bhattacharya S, Blekman F, Borras K, Brunner D, Campbell A, Cardini A, Cheng C, Colombina F, Consuegra Rodríguez S, Correia Silva G, De Silva M, Eckerlin G, Eckstein D, Estevez Banos LI, Filatov O, Gallo E, Geiser A, Giraldi A, Greau G, Guglielmi V, Guthoff M, Hinzmann A, Jafari A, Jeppe L, Jomhari NZ, Kaech B, Kasemann M, Kaveh H, Kleinwort C, Kogler R, Komm M, Krücker D, Lange W, Leyva Pernia D, Lipka K, Lohmann W, Mankel R, Melzer-Pellmann IA, Mendizabal Morentin M, Metwally J, Meyer AB, Milella G, Mussgiller A, Nürnberg A, Otarid Y, Pérez Adán D, Ranken E, Raspereza A, Ribeiro Lopes B, Rübenach J, Saggio A, Scham M, Schnake S, Schütze P, Schwanenberger C, Selivanova D, Shchedrolosiev M, Sosa Ricardo RE, Sreelatha Pramod LP, Stafford D, Vazzoler F, Ventura Barroso A, Walsh R, Wang Q, Wen Y, Wichmann K, Wiens L, Wissing C, Wuchterl S, Yang Y, Zimermmane Castro Santos A, Albrecht A, Albrecht S, Antonello M, Bein S, Benato L, Bonanomi M, Connor P, Eich M, El Morabit K, Fischer Y, Fröhlich A, Garbers C, Garutti E, Grohsjean A, Hajheidari M, Haller J, Jabusch HR, Kasieczka G, Keicher P, Klanner R, Korcari W, Kramer T, Kutzner V, Labe F, Lange J, Lobanov A, Matthies C, Mehta A, Moureaux L, Mrowietz M, Nigamova A, Nissan Y, Paasch A, Pena Rodriguez KJ, Quadfasel T, Raciti B, Rieger M, Savoiu D, Schindler J, Schleper P, Schröder M, Schwandt J, Sommerhalder M, Stadie H, Steinbrück G, Tews A, Wolf M, Brommer S, Burkart M, Butz E, Chwalek T, Dierlamm A, Droll A, Faltermann N, Giffels M, Gottmann A, Hartmann F, Hofsaess R, Horzela M, Husemann U, Klute M, Koppenhöfer R, Link M, Lintuluoto A, Maier S, Mitra S, Mormile M, Müller T, Neukum M, Oh M, Quast G, Rabbertz K, Regnery B, Shadskiy N, Shvetsov I, Simonis HJ, Trevisani N, Ulrich R, van der Linden J, Von Cube RF, Wassmer M, Wieland S, Wittig F, Wolf R, Wunsch S, Zuo X, Anagnostou G, Assiouras P, Daskalakis G, Kyriakis A, Papadopoulos A, Stakia A, Kontaxakis P, Melachroinos G, Panagiotou A, Papavergou I, Paraskevas I, Saoulidou N, Theofilatos K, Tziaferi E, Vellidis K, Zisopoulos I, Bakas G, Chatzistavrou T, Karapostoli G, Kousouris K, Papakrivopoulos I, Siamarkou E, Tsipolitis G, Zacharopoulou A, Adamidis K, Bestintzanos I, Evangelou I, Foudas C, Gianneios P, Kamtsikis C, Katsoulis P, Kokkas P, Kosmoglou Kioseoglou PG, Manthos N, Papadopoulos I, Strologas J, Bartók M, Hajdu C, Horvath D, Sikler F, Veszpremi V, Csanád M, Farkas K, Gadallah MMA, Kadlecsik Á, Major P, Mandal K, Pásztor G, Rádl AJ, Veres GI, Raics P, Ujvari B, Zilizi G, Bencze G, Czellar S, Karancsi J, Molnar J, Szillasi Z, Csorgo T, Nemes F, Novak T, Babbar J, Bansal S, Beri SB, Bhatnagar V, Chaudhary G, Chauhan S, Dhingra N, Gupta R, Kaur A, Kaur A, Kaur H, Kaur M, Kumar S, Meena M, Sandeep K, Sheokand T, Singh JB, Singla A, Ahmed A, Bhardwaj A, Chhetri A, Choudhary BC, Kumar A, Naimuddin M, Ranjan K, Saumya S, Acharya S, Baradia S, Barman S, Bhattacharya S, Bhowmik D, Dutta S, Dutta S, Gomber B, Palit P, Saha G, Sahu B, Sarkar S, Ameen MM, Behera PK, Behera SC, Chatterjee S, Jana P, Kalbhor P, Komaragiri JR, Kumar D, Panwar L, Pradhan R, Pujahari PR, Saha NR, Sharma A, Sikdar AK, Verma S, Aziz T, Das I, Dugad S, Kumar M, Mohanty GB, Suryadevara P, Bala A, Banerjee S, Chatterjee RM, Guchait M, Jain S, Karmakar S, Kumar S, Majumder G, Mazumdar K, Mukherjee S, Thachayath A, Bahinipati S, Das AK, Kar C, Maity D, Mal P, Mishra T, Muraleedharan Nair Bindhu VK, Naskar K, Nayak A, Sadangi P, Saha P, Swain SK, Varghese S, Vats D, Alpana A, Dube S, Kansal B, Laha A, Rastogi A, Sharma S, Bakhshiansohi H, Khazaie E, Zeinali M, Chenarani S, Etesami SM, Khakzad M, Mohammadi Najafabadi M, Grunewald M, Abbrescia M, Aly R, Colaleo A, Creanza D, D’Anzi B, De Filippis N, De Palma M, Di Florio A, Elmetenawee W, Fiore L, Iaselli G, Maggi G, Maggi M, Margjeka I, Mastrapasqua V, My S, Nuzzo S, Pellecchia A, Pompili A, Pugliese G, Radogna R, Ramirez-Sanchez G, Ramos D, Ranieri A, Silvestris L, Simone FM, Sözbilir Ü, Stamerra A, Venditti R, Verwilligen P, Zaza A, Abbiendi G, Battilana C, Bonacorsi D, Borgonovi L, Campanini R, Capiluppi P, Castro A, Cavallo FR, Cuffiani M, Dallavalle GM, Diotalevi T, Fanfani A, Fasanella D, Giacomelli P, Giommi L, Grandi C, Guiducci L, Lo Meo S, Lunerti L, Marcellini S, Masetti G, Navarria FL, Perrotta A, Primavera F, Rossi AM, Rovelli T, Siroli GP, Costa S, Di Mattia A, Potenza R, Tricomi A, Tuve C, Barbagli G, Bardelli G, Camaiani B, Cassese A, Ceccarelli R, Ciulli V, Civinini C, D’Alessandro R, Focardi E, Kello T, Latino G, Lenzi P, Lizzo M, Meschini M, Paoletti S, Papanastassiou A, Sguazzoni G, Viliani L, Benussi L, Bianco S, Meola S, Piccolo D, Chatagnon P, Ferro F, Robutti E, Tosi S, Benaglia A, Boldrini G, Brivio F, Cetorelli F, De Guio F, Dinardo ME, Dini P, Gennai S, Ghezzi A, Govoni P, Guzzi L, Lucchini MT, Malberti M, Malvezzi S, Massironi A, Menasce D, Moroni L, Paganoni M, Pedrini D, Pinolini BS, Ragazzi S, Redaelli N, Tabarelli de Fatis T, Zuolo D, Buontempo S, Cagnotta A, Carnevali F, Cavallo N, De Iorio A, Fabozzi F, Iorio AOM, Lista L, Paolucci P, Rossi B, Sciacca C, Ardino R, Azzi P, Bacchetta N, Bisello D, Bortignon P, Bragagnolo A, Carlin R, Checchia P, Dorigo T, Gasparini U, Grosso G, Layer L, Lusiani E, Margoni M, Meneguzzo AT, Michelotto M, Migliorini M, Montecassiano F, Pazzini J, Ronchese P, Rossin R, Simonetto F, Strong G, Tosi M, Triossi A, Ventura S, Yarar H, Zotto P, Zucchetta A, Zumerle G, Abu Zeid S, Aimè C, Braghieri A, Calzaferri S, Fiorina D, Montagna P, Re V, Riccardi C, Salvini P, Vai I, Vitulo P, Ajmal S, Asenov P, Bilei GM, Ciangottini D, Fanò L, Magherini M, Mantovani G, Mariani V, Menichelli M, Moscatelli F, Piccinelli A, Presilla M, Rossi A, Santocchia A, Spiga D, Tedeschi T, Azzurri P, Bagliesi G, Bhattacharya R, Bianchini L, Boccali T, Bossini E, Bruschini D, Castaldi R, Ciocci MA, Cipriani M, D’Amante V, Dell’Orso R, Donato S, Giassi A, Ligabue F, Matos Figueiredo D, Messineo A, Musich M, Palla F, Parolia S, Rizzi A, Rolandi G, Roy Chowdhury S, Sarkar T, Scribano A, Spagnolo P, Tenchini R, Tonelli G, Turini N, Venturi A, Verdini PG, Barria P, Campana M, Cavallari F, Cunqueiro Mendez L, Del Re D, Di Marco E, Diemoz M, Errico F, Longo E, Meridiani P, Mijuskovic J, Organtini G, Pandolfi F, Paramatti R, Quaranta C, Rahatlou S, Rovelli C, Santanastasio F, Soffi L, Tramontano R, Amapane N, Arcidiacono R, Argiro S, Arneodo M, Bartosik N, Bellan R, Bellora A, Biino C, Cartiglia N, Costa M, Covarelli R, Demaria N, Finco L, Grippo M, Kiani B, Legger F, Luongo F, Mariotti C, Maselli S, Mecca A, Migliore E, Monteno M, Mulargia R, Obertino MM, Ortona G, Pacher L, Pastrone N, Pelliccioni M, Ruspa M, Siviero F, Sola V, Solano A, Soldi D, Staiano A, Tarricone C, Tornago M, Trocino D, Umoret G, Vlasov E, Belforte S, Candelise V, Casarsa M, Cossutti F, De Leo K, Della Ricca G, Dogra S, Hong J, Huh C, Kim B, Kim DH, Kim J, Lee H, Lee SW, Moon CS, Oh YD, Ryu MS, Sekmen S, Yang YC, Bak G, Gwak P, Kim H, Moon DH, Asilar E, Kim D, Kim TJ, Merlin JA, Park J, Choi S, Han S, Hong B, Lee K, Lee KS, Lee S, Park J, Park SK, Yoo J, Goh J, Kim HS, Kim Y, Lee S, Almond J, Bhyun JH, Choi J, Jun W, Kim J, Kim JS, Ko S, Kwon H, Lee H, Lee J, Lee J, Oh BH, Oh SB, Seo H, Yang UK, Yoon I, Jang W, Kang DY, Kang Y, Kim S, Ko B, Lee JSH, Lee Y, Park IC, Roh Y, Watson IJ, Yang S, Ha S, Yoo HD, Choi M, Kim MR, Lee H, Lee Y, Yu I, Beyrouthy T, Maghrbi Y, Dreimanis K, Gaile A, Pikurs G, Potrebko A, Seidel M, Veckalns V, Strautnieks NR, Ambrozas M, Juodagalvis A, Rinkevicius A, Tamulaitis G, Bin Norjoharuddeen N, Yusuff I, Zolkapli Z, Benitez JF, Castaneda Hernandez A, Encinas Acosta HA, Gallegos Maríñez LG, León Coello M, Murillo Quijada JA, Sehrawat A, Valencia Palomo L, Ayala G, Castilla-Valdez H, De La Cruz-Burelo E, Heredia-De La Cruz I, Lopez-Fernandez R, Mondragon Herrera CA, Sánchez Hernández A, Oropeza Barrera C, Ramírez García M, Bautista I, Pedraza I, Salazar Ibarguen HA, Uribe Estrada C, Bubanja I, Raicevic N, Butler PH, Ahmad A, Asghar MI, Awais A, Awan MIM, Hoorani HR, Khan WA, Avati V, Grzanka L, Malawski M, Bialkowska H, Bluj M, Boimska B, Górski M, Kazana M, Szleper M, Zalewski P, Bunkowski K, Doroba K, Kalinowski A, Konecki M, Krolikowski J, Muhammad A, Pozniak K, Zabolotny W, Araujo M, Bastos D, Beirão Da Cruz E Silva C, Boletti A, Bozzo M, Faccioli P, Gallinaro M, Hollar J, Leonardo N, Niknejad T, 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Chadeeva M, Chekhovsky V, Chistov R, Dermenev A, Dimova T, Druzhkin D, Dubinin M, Dudko L, Ershov A, Gavrilov G, Gavrilov V, Gninenko S, Golovtcov V, Golubev N, Golutvin I, Gorbunov I, Gribushin A, Ivanov Y, Kachanov V, Kardapoltsev L, Karjavine V, Karneyeu A, Kim V, Kirakosyan M, Kirpichnikov D, Kirsanov M, Klyukhin V, Kodolova O, Konstantinov D, Korenkov V, Kozyrev A, Krasnikov N, Lanev A, Levchenko P, Lychkovskaya N, Makarenko V, Malakhov A, Matveev V, Murzin V, Nikitenko A, Obraztsov S, Oreshkin V, Palichik V, Perelygin V, Perfilov M, Petrushanko S, Polikarpov S, Popov V, Radchenko O, Savina M, Savrin V, Shalaev V, Shmatov S, Shulha S, Skovpen Y, Slabospitskii S, Smirnov V, Sosnov D, Sulimov V, Tcherniaev E, Terkulov A, Teryaev O, Tlisova I, Toropin A, Uvarov L, Uzunian A, Vorobyev A, Voytishin N, Yuldashev BS, Zarubin A, Zhizhin I, Zhokin A. Search for exotic decays of the Higgs boson to a pair of pseudoscalars in the μμbb and ττbb final states. THE EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL. C, PARTICLES AND FIELDS 2024; 84:493. [PMID: 38757620 PMCID: PMC11093753 DOI: 10.1140/epjc/s10052-024-12727-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
A search for exotic decays of the Higgs boson (H ) with a mass of 125Ge V to a pair of light pseudoscalars a 1 is performed in final states where one pseudoscalar decays to two b quarks and the other to a pair of muons or τ leptons. A data sample of proton-proton collisions at s = 13 Te V corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 138fb - 1 recorded with the CMS detector is analyzed. No statistically significant excess is observed over the standard model backgrounds. Upper limits are set at 95% confidence level (CL ) on the Higgs boson branching fraction to μ μ b b and to τ τ b b , via a pair of a 1 s. The limits depend on the pseudoscalar mass m a 1 and are observed to be in the range (0.17-3.3) × 10 - 4 and (1.7-7.7) × 10 - 2 in the μ μ b b and τ τ b b final states, respectively. In the framework of models with two Higgs doublets and a complex scalar singlet (2HDM+S), the results of the two final states are combined to determine upper limits on the branching fraction B ( H → a 1 a 1 → ℓ ℓ b b ) at 95% CL , with ℓ being a muon or a τ lepton. For different types of 2HDM+S, upper bounds on the branching fraction B ( H → a 1 a 1 ) are extracted from the combination of the two channels. In most of the Type II 2HDM+S parameter space, B ( H → a 1 a 1 ) values above 0.23 are excluded at 95% CL for m a 1 values between 15 and 60Ge V .
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Grants
- Austrian Federal Ministry of Education, Science and Research
- Austrian Science Fund
- Belgian Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique
- Belgian Fonds voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek
- CNPq
- CAPES
- FAPERJ
- FAPERGS
- FAPESP
- Bulgarian Ministry of Education and Science
- Bulgarian National Science Fund
- CERN
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Ministry of Science and Technology
- Chinese National Natural Science Foundation of China
- Colombian Funding Agency (MINICIENCIAS)
- Croatian Ministry of Science, Education and Sport
- Croatian Science Foundation
- Research and Innovation Foundation
- SENESCYT
- Ministry of Education and Research
- Estonian Research Council via PRG780, PRG803, and PRG445
- European Regional Development Fund
- Academy of Finland
- Finnish Ministry of Education and Culture
- Helsinki Institute of Physics
- Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
- Commissariat à l’Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives
- Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
- Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft Deutscher Forschungszentren
- General Secretariat for Research and Innovation
- National Research, Development and Innovation Office
- Department of Atomic Energy
- Department of Science and Technology
- Institute for Research in Fundamental Studies
- Science Foundation
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare
- Korean Ministry of Education, Science and Technology
- National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF)
- MES
- Lithuanian Academy of Sciences
- Ministry of Education
- University of Malaya
- BUAP
- CINVESTAV
- CONACYT
- LNS
- SEP
- UASLP
- MOS
- Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment
- Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission
- Ministry of Educaton and Science
- National Science Centre
- Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia, CERN/FIS-PAR/0025/2019 and CERN/FIS-INS/0032/2019
- Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development of Serbia
- MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033, ERDF “a way of making Europe”
- Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional, Spain
- Plan de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación del Principado de Asturias
- MOSTR
- ETH Board
- ETH Zurich
- PSI
- SNF
- UniZH
- Canton Zurich
- SER
- Thailand Center of Excellence in Physics
- Institute for the Promotion of Teaching Science and Technology of Thailand
- Special Task Force for Activating Research
- National Science and Technology Development Agency of Thailand
- Scientific and Technical Research Council of Turkey
- Turkish Atomic Energy Authority
- National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
- Science and Technology Facilities Council
- US Department of Energy
- US National Science Foundation
- Marie-Curie programme
- European Research Council and EPLANET (European Union)
- European Research Council/European Cooperation in Science and Technology), Action CA16108
- Horizon 2020 Grant, contract Nos. 675440, 724704, 752730, 758316, 765710, 824093, 101115353 (European Union)
- Leventis Foundation
- Alfred P. Sloan Foundation
- Alexander von Humboldt Foundation
- Science Committee, project no. 22rl-037
- Belgian Federal Science Policy Office
- Fonds pour la Formation à la Recherche dans l’Industrie et dans l’Agriculture (FRIA-Belgium)
- Agentschap voor Innovatie door Wetenschap en Technologie (IWT-Belgium)
- Belgian Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique, “Excellence of Science - EOS” - be.h project n. 30820817
- Belgian Fonds voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek, “Excellence of Science - EOS” - be.h project n. 30820817
- Beijing Municipal Science & Technology Commission, No. Z191100007219010
- Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities
- Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (MEYS) of the Czech Republic
- Shota Rustaveli National Science Foundation
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) under Germany’s Excellence Strategy – EXC 2121 “Quantum Universe” – 390833306
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG), project number 400140256 - GRK2497
- Hellenic Foundation for Research and Innovation, Project Number 2288
- Hungarian Academy of Sciences
- New National Excellence Program - ÚNKP, the NKFIH research grants K 124845, K 124850, K 128713, K 128786, K 129058, K 131991, K 133046, K 138136, K 143460, K 143477, 2020-2.2.1-ED-2021-00181, and TKP2021-NKTA-64
- Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, India
- Latvian Council of Science
- Ministy of Education and Science, project no. 2022/WK/14
- National Science Center, Opus 2021/41/B/ST2/01369 and 2021/43/B/ST2/01552
- Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia, CEECIND/01334/2018
- National Priorities Research Program by Qatar National Research Fund
- Ministry of Science and Higher Education, project no. FSWU-2023-0073 and FSWW-2020-0008
- Programa Estatal de Fomento de la Investigación Científica y Técnica de Excelencia María de Maeztu, grant MDM-2017-0765 and projects PID2020-113705RB, PID2020-113304RB, PID2020-116262RB and PID2020-113341RB-I00
- Programa Severo Ochoa del Principado de Asturias
- Rachadapisek Sompot Fund for Postdoctoral Fellowship, Chulalongkorn University (Thailand)
- CUAASC
- Kavli Foundation
- Nvidia Corporation
- Welch Foundation, contract C-1845
- Weston Havens Foundation
- Institut für Hochenergiephysik (HEPHY) using the Cloud Infrastructure Platform (CLIP), Vienna
- Inter-University Institute for High Energies, Brussels
- Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve
- São Paulo Research and Analysis Center, São Paulo
- Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro
- University of Sofia, Sofia
- Institute of High Energy Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing
- National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Tallinn
- Helsinki Institute of Physics, Helsinki
- Grille de Recherche d’Ile de France (GRIF), Institut de recherche sur les lois fondamentales de l’Univers, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France and Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, CNRS/IN2P3, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris
- Institut de recherche sur les lois fondamentales de l’Univers, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette
- Institut national de physique nucléaire et de physique des particules, IN2P3, Villeurbanne
- Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC), Strasbourg
- Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, CNRS/IN2P3, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Palaiseau
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, Hamburg
- Karlsruher Institut für Technologie, Karlsruhe
- RWTH Aachen University, Aachen
- University of Ioánnina, Ioánnina
- Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Budapest
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai
- INFN CNAF, Bologna
- INFN Sezione di Bari, Università di Bari, Politecnico di Bari, Bari
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Università di Pisa, Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa, Pisa
- INFN Sezione di Roma, Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome
- INFN Sezione di Trieste, Università di Trieste, Trieste
- Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro, Legnaro
- Kyungpook National University, Daegu
- National Centre for Physics, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad
- Akademickie Centrum Komputerowe Cyfronet AGH, Krakow
- National Centre for Nuclear Research, Swierk
- Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas, Lisboa
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information (KISTI), Daejeon
- Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), Madrid
- Instituto de Física de Cantabria (IFCA), CSIC-Universidad de Cantabria, Santander
- Port d’Informació Científica, Bellaterra
- CERN, European Organization for Nuclear Research, Geneva
- CSCS - Swiss National Supercomputing Centre, Lugano
- Instrumentation and Detector Consortium, Taipei
- National Center for High-performance Computing (NCHC), Hsinchu City
- Middle East Technical University, Physics Department, Ankara
- National Scientific Center, Kharkov Institute of Physics and Technology, Kharkov
- GridPP, Brunel University, Uxbridge
- GridPP, Imperial College, London
- GridPP, Queen Mary University of London, London
- GridPP, Royal Holloway, University of London, London
- GridPP, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot
- GridPP, University of Bristol, Bristol
- GridPP, University of Glasgow, Glasgow
- GridPP, University of Oxford, Oxford
- Baylor University, Waco
- California Institute of Technology, Pasadena
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge
- National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center (NERSC), a U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science User Facility, Berkeley
- Open Science Grid (OSG) Consortium
- Pittsburgh Supercomputing Center (PSC), Pittsburgh
- Purdue University, West Lafayette
- San Diego Supercomputer Center (SDSC), La Jolla
- Texas Advanced Computing Center (TACC), Austin
- University of California, San Diego, La Jolla
- University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder
- University of Florida, Gainesville
- University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln
- University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison
- Vanderbilt University, Nashville
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Menzies AM, Lo SN, Saw RPM, Gonzalez M, Ch'ng S, Nieweg OE, Shannon KF, Ferguson PM, Lee J, Emmett L, Kapoor R, Rawson RV, Stretch JR, Thompson JF, Spillane AJ, Rizos H, Scolyer RA, Long GV. Five-year analysis of neoadjuvant dabrafenib and trametinib for stage III melanoma. Ann Oncol 2024:S0923-7534(24)00141-8. [PMID: 38754780 DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2024.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neoadjuvant dabrafenib plus trametinib has a high pathological response rate and impressive short-term survival in patients with resectable stage III melanoma. We report 5-year outcomes from the phase II NeoCombi trial. PATIENTS AND METHODS NeoCombi (NCT01972347) was a single-arm, open-label, single-centre, phase II trial. Eligible patients were adults (aged ≥18 years) with histologically confirmed, resectable, RECIST-measurable, American Joint Committee on Cancer seventh edition clinical stage IIIB-C BRAF V600E/K-mutant melanoma and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status ≤1. Patients received 52 weeks of treatment with dabrafenib 150 mg (orally twice per day) plus trametinib 2 mg (orally once per day), with complete resection of the pre-therapy tumour bed at week 12. RESULTS Between 20 August 2014 and 19 April 2017, 35 patients were enrolled. At data cut-off (17 August 2021), the median follow-up was 60 months [95% confidence interval (CI) 56-72 months]. Overall, 21 of 35 (60%) patients recurred, including 12 (57%) with first recurrence in locoregional sites (followed by later distant recurrence in 6) and 9 (43%) with first recurrence in distant sites, including 3 in the brain. Most recurrences occurred within 2 years, with no recurrences beyond 3 years. At 5 years, recurrence-free survival (RFS) was 40% (95% CI 27% to 60%), distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS) was 57% (95% CI 42% to 76%), and overall survival was 80% (95% CI 67% to 94%). Five-year survival outcomes were stratified by pathological response: RFS was 53% with pathological complete response (pCR) versus 28% with non-pCR (P = 0.087), DMFS was 59% versus 55% (P = 0.647), and overall survival was 88% versus 71% (P = 0.205), respectively. CONCLUSIONS Neoadjuvant dabrafenib plus trametinib has high pathological response rates in clinical stage III melanoma, but low rates of RFS, similar to those achieved with adjuvant targeted therapy alone. Patients with a pCR to dabrafenib plus trametinib still had a high risk of recurrence, unlike that seen with immunotherapy where recurrences are rare.
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Timmis RJL, Paddock RW, Ouatu I, Lee J, Howard S, Atonga E, Ruskov RT, Martin H, Wang RHW, Aboushelbaya R, Leyen MWVD, Gumbrell E, Norreys PA. Attosecond and nano-Coulomb electron bunches via the Zero Vector Potential mechanism. Sci Rep 2024; 14:10805. [PMID: 38734711 PMCID: PMC11088705 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-61041-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The commissioning of multi-petawatt class laser facilities around the world is gathering pace. One of the primary motivations for these investments is the acceleration of high-quality, low-emittance electron bunches. Here we explore the interaction of a high-intensity femtosecond laser pulse with a mass-limited dense target to produce MeV attosecond electron bunches in transmission and confirm with three-dimensional simulation that such bunches have low emittance and nano-Coulomb charge. We then perform a large parameter scan from non-relativistic laser intensities to the laser-QED regime and from the critical plasma density to beyond solid density to demonstrate that the electron bunch energies and the laser pulse energy absorption into the plasma can be quantitatively described via the Zero Vector Potential mechanism. These results have wide-ranging implications for future particle accelerator science and associated technologies.
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Lee J, Roux S, Descharles D, Rega B, Bonazzi C. Unravelling caramelization and Maillard reactions in glucose and glucose + leucine model cakes: Formation and degradation kinetics of volatile markers extracted during baking. Food Res Int 2024; 183:114183. [PMID: 38760123 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2024.114183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
A large number of volatile compounds are formed during the baking of foods by reactions such as caramelization and Maillard reactions. Elucidating the reaction mechanisms may be useful to predict and control food quality. Ten reaction volatile markers were extracted during baking of solid model cakes implemented with known amounts of precursors (glucose with or without leucine) and then quantified by Thermal desorption-Gas chromatography-Mass spectrometry. The kinetic data showed that the level of air convection in the oven had no significant influence on the reaction rates. In contrast, increasing baking temperatures had a nonlinear accelerating impact on the generation of newly formed volatile compounds with a bell-shaped kinetic curve found for most of the markers at 200 °C. The presence of leucine triggered the activation of the Maillard and Strecker routes with a specific and very rapid formation of 3-Methylbutanal and pyrazines. A dynamic model was developed, combining evaporation flow rate and kinetic formation and consumption of reaction markers. It can be used to describe, for two furanic compounds of different volatilities, the vapor concentrations in the oven from the concentrations measured in the model cakes.
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10
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Lee J, Phu S, Lord SR, Okubo Y. Effects of immersive virtual reality training on balance, gait and mobility in older adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Gait Posture 2024; 110:129-137. [PMID: 38581933 DOI: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2024.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine whether immersive virtual reality (VR) can improve balance, gait, mobility and fear of falling in older people. DATA SOURCES MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, ProQuest Central (Engineering and Computer Science) and reference lists of included articles. STUDY SELECTION Randomised controlled trials that administered immersive VR training and assessed balance, gait and mobility outcomes in older adults without neurological disorders (mean age ≥ 65). Primary outcomes were standing balance (e.g. postural sway), multi-item balance scales (e.g. Berg Balance Scale), gait (e.g. gait speed) and mobility (e.g. Timed Up and Go test). Secondary outcomes comprised measures of enjoyment, fear of falling, adherence (e.g. dropout rate), feasibility/usability and adverse effects (e.g. motion sickness). RESULTS Meta-analyses showed that immersive VR training significantly improved standing balance (SMD: 0.51, 95% CI: .15, 0.86, p = 0.005, I2 = 28% - 3 studies, n = 79) and performance on the Berg Balance Scale (MD: 2.36, 95% CI: 1.17, 3.56, p=0.0001, I2=0% - 4 studies, n = 190). No significant improvement in gait, mobility or fear of falling was found. Subgroup analyses revealed higher training doses (≥4.5 total hours) and VR interventions using non-head mounted displays were more likely to improve standing balance. No meta-analyses were conducted for enjoyment, adherence, feasibility/usability and adverse events. CONCLUSIONS The findings indicate immersive VR has beneficial effects on balance, but not gait, mobility or fear of falling. Further research is required to examine these outcomes in trials that also include quantitative measurements of enjoyment, adherence, clinical feasibility, usability and adverse effects.
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Lee S, Kim G, Park GM, Jeong J, Jung E, Lee BS, Jo E, Lee S, Yoon H, Jo KW, Kim SH, Lee J. Management of newborns and healthcare workers exposed to isoniazid-resistant congenital tuberculosis in the neonatal intensive care unit. J Hosp Infect 2024; 147:40-46. [PMID: 38432587 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2024.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Management of newborns and healthcare workers (HCWs) exposed to congenital tuberculosis (TB) in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) has been reported rarely. AIM To outline a contact investigation process for individuals exposed to congenital TB in the NICU and investigate nosocomial transmission. Additionally, to assess the efficacy and safety of window prophylaxis in exposed newborns. METHODS A baby, born at a gestational age of 28 + 1 weeks, was diagnosed with isoniazid-resistant congenital TB on the 39th day of admission to the level IV NICU. Newborns and HCWs exposed cumulatively for ≥8 h underwent contact investigation and follow-up for a year. FINDINGS Eighty-two newborns underwent contact investigation. All newborns displayed normal chest X-rays, and 42 hospitalized newborns tested negative for acid-fast bacilli stain and Xpert® MTB/RIF assay in their endotracheal sputum or gastric juices. Eighty received window prophylaxis: six of 75 on rifampin experienced mild adverse events, and none of the five on levofloxacin. After 12 weeks, five (6.1%) had a positive tuberculin skin test, all of whom had already received the Bacillus Calmette-Guérin vaccine and tested negative on TB interferon-gamma releasing assay. Of 119 exposed HCWs, three (2.5%) were diagnosed with latent TB infection and completed a four-month rifampin therapy. There was no active TB disease among exposed newborns and HCWs during a one-year follow-up. CONCLUSION Timely diagnosis of congenital TB is crucial for minimizing transmission among exposed neonates and HCWs in the NICU setting. In cases of isoniazid-resistant index patients, even premature newborns may consider the use of rifampin or levofloxacin for window prophylaxis.
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Rosenberg E, Andersen TI, Samajdar R, Petukhov A, Hoke JC, Abanin D, Bengtsson A, Drozdov IK, Erickson C, Klimov PV, Mi X, Morvan A, Neeley M, Neill C, Acharya R, Allen R, Anderson K, Ansmann M, Arute F, Arya K, Asfaw A, Atalaya J, Bardin JC, Bilmes A, Bortoli G, Bourassa A, Bovaird J, Brill L, Broughton M, Buckley BB, Buell DA, Burger T, Burkett B, Bushnell N, Campero J, Chang HS, Chen Z, Chiaro B, Chik D, Cogan J, Collins R, Conner P, Courtney W, Crook AL, Curtin B, Debroy DM, Barba ADT, Demura S, Di Paolo A, Dunsworth A, Earle C, Faoro L, Farhi E, Fatemi R, Ferreira VS, Burgos LF, Forati E, Fowler AG, Foxen B, Garcia G, Genois É, Giang W, Gidney C, Gilboa D, Giustina M, Gosula R, Dau AG, Gross JA, Habegger S, Hamilton MC, Hansen M, Harrigan MP, Harrington SD, Heu P, Hill G, Hoffmann MR, Hong S, Huang T, Huff A, Huggins WJ, Ioffe LB, Isakov SV, Iveland J, Jeffrey E, Jiang Z, Jones C, Juhas P, Kafri D, Khattar T, Khezri M, Kieferová M, Kim S, Kitaev A, Klots AR, Korotkov AN, Kostritsa F, Kreikebaum JM, Landhuis D, Laptev P, Lau KM, Laws L, Lee J, Lee KW, Lensky YD, Lester BJ, Lill AT, Liu W, Locharla A, Mandrà S, Martin O, Martin S, McClean JR, McEwen M, Meeks S, Miao KC, Mieszala A, Montazeri S, Movassagh R, Mruczkiewicz W, Nersisyan A, Newman M, Ng JH, Nguyen A, Nguyen M, Niu MY, O'Brien TE, Omonije S, Opremcak A, Potter R, Pryadko LP, Quintana C, Rhodes DM, Rocque C, Rubin NC, Saei N, Sank D, Sankaragomathi K, Satzinger KJ, Schurkus HF, Schuster C, Shearn MJ, Shorter A, Shutty N, Shvarts V, Sivak V, Skruzny J, Smith WC, Somma RD, Sterling G, Strain D, Szalay M, Thor D, Torres A, Vidal G, Villalonga B, Heidweiller CV, White T, Woo BWK, Xing C, Yao ZJ, Yeh P, Yoo J, Young G, Zalcman A, Zhang Y, Zhu N, Zobrist N, Neven H, Babbush R, Bacon D, Boixo S, Hilton J, Lucero E, Megrant A, Kelly J, Chen Y, Smelyanskiy V, Khemani V, Gopalakrishnan S, Prosen T, Roushan P. Dynamics of magnetization at infinite temperature in a Heisenberg spin chain. Science 2024; 384:48-53. [PMID: 38574139 DOI: 10.1126/science.adi7877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Understanding universal aspects of quantum dynamics is an unresolved problem in statistical mechanics. In particular, the spin dynamics of the one-dimensional Heisenberg model were conjectured as to belong to the Kardar-Parisi-Zhang (KPZ) universality class based on the scaling of the infinite-temperature spin-spin correlation function. In a chain of 46 superconducting qubits, we studied the probability distribution of the magnetization transferred across the chain's center, [Formula: see text]. The first two moments of [Formula: see text] show superdiffusive behavior, a hallmark of KPZ universality. However, the third and fourth moments ruled out the KPZ conjecture and allow for evaluating other theories. Our results highlight the importance of studying higher moments in determining dynamic universality classes and provide insights into universal behavior in quantum systems.
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Blokland G, Maleki N, Jovicich J, Mesholam-Gately R, DeLisi L, Turner J, Shenton M, Voineskos A, Kahn R, Roffman J, Holt D, Ehrlich S, Kikinis Z, Dazzan P, Murray R, Lee J, Sim K, Lam M, de Zwarte S, Walton E, Kelly S, Picchioni M, Bramon E, Makris N, David A, Mondelli V, Reinders A, Oykhman E, Morris D, Gill M, Corvin A, Cahn W, Ho N, Liu J, Gollub R, Manoach D, Calhoun V, Sponheim S, Buka S, Cherkerzian S, Thermenos H, Dickie E, Ciufolini S, Reis Marques T, Crossley N, Purcell S, Smoller J, van Haren N, Toulopoulou T, Donohoe G, Goldstein J, Keshavan M, Petryshen T, del Re E. MIR137 polygenic risk for schizophrenia and ephrin-regulated pathway: Role in lateral ventricles and corpus callosum volume. Int J Clin Health Psychol 2024; 24:100458. [PMID: 38623146 PMCID: PMC11017057 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijchp.2024.100458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Background/Objective. Enlarged lateral ventricle (LV) volume and decreased volume in the corpus callosum (CC) are hallmarks of schizophrenia (SZ). We previously showed an inverse correlation between LV and CC volumes in SZ, with global functioning decreasing with increased LV volume. This study investigates the relationship between LV volume, CC abnormalities, and the microRNA MIR137 and its regulated genes in SZ, because of MIR137's essential role in neurodevelopment. Methods. Participants were 1224 SZ probands and 1466 unaffected controls from the GENUS Consortium. Brain MRI scans, genotype, and clinical data were harmonized across cohorts and employed in the analyses. Results. Increased LV volumes and decreased CC central, mid-anterior, and mid-posterior volumes were observed in SZ probands. The MIR137-regulated ephrin pathway was significantly associated with CC:LV ratio, explaining a significant proportion (3.42 %) of CC:LV variance, and more than for LV and CC separately. Other pathways explained variance in either CC or LV, but not both. CC:LV ratio was also positively correlated with Global Assessment of Functioning, supporting previous subsample findings. SNP-based heritability estimates were higher for CC central:LV ratio (0.79) compared to CC or LV separately. Discussion. Our results indicate that the CC:LV ratio is highly heritable, influenced in part by variation in the MIR137-regulated ephrin pathway. Findings suggest that the CC:LV ratio may be a risk indicator in SZ that correlates with global functioning.
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Kim K, Kim Y, Lee J, Lee M, Ahn C, Park MJ, Na H, Jeung EB. 3-carene supresses inflammatory cytokine interleukin-4, interleukin-5 and interleukin-13 in a murine model of asthma. JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY : AN OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE POLISH PHYSIOLOGICAL SOCIETY 2024; 75:195-203. [PMID: 38736266 DOI: 10.26402/jpp.2024.2.08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
Asthma is a common airway disease associated with allergic inflammation. Environmental factors, such as pollens, pollution, insect-borne antigens, or commercial chemicals, cause this disease. The common symptoms of this airway allergic reaction are increasing mucus, narrowing of the airway wall, coughing, and chest tightness. Medications, such as steroids, alleviate the disease but with severe side effects. Several studies have reported the anti-inflammatory effects of tree-based essential oil components, particularly 3-carene. Therefore, this study used 3-carene to determine if it alleviates asthmatic symptoms in the murine model. First, BALB/c mice were sensitized to an ovalbumin and aluminium hydroxide mixture on day 7th and 14th. From days 21st to 23rd, the mice were challenged with 3-carene and budesonide. The lung trachea, plasma, and bronchiolar lavage fluid (BAL fluid) were collected on day 24. The 3-carene treatment suppressed the cytokine gene expression, such as interleukin-4 (IL-4), IL-5, and IL-13, reducing the lung epithelial cell thickness in the asthmatic model. These results suggest that essential oil 3-carene has an anti-asthmatic effect.
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Mi X, Michailidis AA, Shabani S, Miao KC, Klimov PV, Lloyd J, Rosenberg E, Acharya R, Aleiner I, Andersen TI, Ansmann M, Arute F, Arya K, Asfaw A, Atalaya J, Bardin JC, Bengtsson A, Bortoli G, Bourassa A, Bovaird J, Brill L, Broughton M, Buckley BB, Buell DA, Burger T, Burkett B, Bushnell N, Chen Z, Chiaro B, Chik D, Chou C, Cogan J, Collins R, Conner P, Courtney W, Crook AL, Curtin B, Dau AG, Debroy DM, Del Toro Barba A, Demura S, Di Paolo A, Drozdov IK, Dunsworth A, Erickson C, Faoro L, Farhi E, Fatemi R, Ferreira VS, Burgos LF, Forati E, Fowler AG, Foxen B, Genois É, Giang W, Gidney C, Gilboa D, Giustina M, Gosula R, Gross JA, Habegger S, Hamilton MC, Hansen M, Harrigan MP, Harrington SD, Heu P, Hoffmann MR, Hong S, Huang T, Huff A, Huggins WJ, Ioffe LB, Isakov SV, Iveland J, Jeffrey E, Jiang Z, Jones C, Juhas P, Kafri D, Kechedzhi K, Khattar T, Khezri M, Kieferová M, Kim S, Kitaev A, Klots AR, Korotkov AN, Kostritsa F, Kreikebaum JM, Landhuis D, Laptev P, Lau KM, Laws L, Lee J, Lee KW, Lensky YD, Lester BJ, Lill AT, Liu W, Locharla A, Malone FD, Martin O, McClean JR, McEwen M, Mieszala A, Montazeri S, Morvan A, Movassagh R, Mruczkiewicz W, Neeley M, Neill C, Nersisyan A, Newman M, Ng JH, Nguyen A, Nguyen M, Niu MY, O'Brien TE, Opremcak A, Petukhov A, Potter R, Pryadko LP, Quintana C, Rocque C, Rubin NC, Saei N, Sank D, Sankaragomathi K, Satzinger KJ, Schurkus HF, Schuster C, Shearn MJ, Shorter A, Shutty N, Shvarts V, Skruzny J, Smith WC, Somma R, Sterling G, Strain D, Szalay M, Torres A, Vidal G, Villalonga B, Heidweiller CV, White T, Woo BWK, Xing C, Yao ZJ, Yeh P, Yoo J, Young G, Zalcman A, Zhang Y, Zhu N, Zobrist N, Neven H, Babbush R, Bacon D, Boixo S, Hilton J, Lucero E, Megrant A, Kelly J, Chen Y, Roushan P, Smelyanskiy V, Abanin DA. Stable quantum-correlated many-body states through engineered dissipation. Science 2024; 383:1332-1337. [PMID: 38513021 DOI: 10.1126/science.adh9932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Engineered dissipative reservoirs have the potential to steer many-body quantum systems toward correlated steady states useful for quantum simulation of high-temperature superconductivity or quantum magnetism. Using up to 49 superconducting qubits, we prepared low-energy states of the transverse-field Ising model through coupling to dissipative auxiliary qubits. In one dimension, we observed long-range quantum correlations and a ground-state fidelity of 0.86 for 18 qubits at the critical point. In two dimensions, we found mutual information that extends beyond nearest neighbors. Lastly, by coupling the system to auxiliaries emulating reservoirs with different chemical potentials, we explored transport in the quantum Heisenberg model. Our results establish engineered dissipation as a scalable alternative to unitary evolution for preparing entangled many-body states on noisy quantum processors.
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Hayrapetyan A, Tumasyan A, Adam W, Andrejkovic JW, Bergauer T, Chatterjee S, Damanakis K, Dragicevic M, Escalante Del Valle A, Hussain PS, Jeitler M, Krammer N, Liko D, Mikulec I, Schieck J, Schöfbeck R, Schwarz D, Sonawane M, Templ S, Waltenberger W, Wulz CE, Darwish MR, Janssen T, Van Mechelen P, Bols ES, D'Hondt J, Dansana S, De Moor A, Delcourt M, El Faham H, Lowette S, Makarenko I, Müller D, Sahasransu AR, Tavernier S, Tytgat M, Van Putte S, Vannerom D, Clerbaux B, De Lentdecker G, Favart L, Hohov D, Jaramillo J, Khalilzadeh A, Lee K, Mahdavikhorrami M, Malara A, Paredes S, Pétré L, Postiau N, Thomas L, Vanden Bemden M, Vander Velde C, Vanlaer P, De Coen M, Dobur D, Hong Y, Knolle J, Lambrecht L, Mestdach G, Rendón C, Samalan A, Skovpen K, Van Den Bossche N, Wezenbeek L, Benecke A, Bruno G, Caputo C, Delaere C, Donertas IS, Giammanco A, Jaffel K, Jain S, Lemaitre V, Lidrych J, Mastrapasqua P, Mondal K, Tran TT, Wertz S, Alves GA, Coelho E, Hensel C, Menezes De Oliveira T, Moraes 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Belyaev A, Blinov V, Boos E, Borshch V, Budkouski D, Bunichev V, Chekhovsky V, Chistov R, Danilov M, Dermenev A, Dimova T, Druzhkin D, Dubinin M, Dudko L, Gavrilov G, Gavrilov V, Gninenko S, Golovtcov V, Golubev N, Golutvin I, Gorbunov I, Gribushin A, Ivanov Y, Kachanov V, Kardapoltsev L, Karjavine V, Karneyeu A, Kim V, Kirakosyan M, Kirpichnikov D, Kirsanov M, Klyukhin V, Kodolova O, Konstantinov D, Korenkov V, Kozyrev A, Krasnikov N, Lanev A, Levchenko P, Lukina O, Lychkovskaya N, Makarenko V, Malakhov A, Matveev V, Murzin V, Nikitenko A, Obraztsov S, Oreshkin V, Palichik V, Perelygin V, Petrushanko S, Polikarpov S, Popov V, Radchenko O, Savina M, Savrin V, Shalaev V, Shmatov S, Shulha S, Skovpen Y, Slabospitskii S, Smirnov V, Snigirev A, Sosnov D, Sulimov V, Tcherniaev E, Terkulov A, Teryaev O, Tlisova I, Toropin A, Uvarov L, Uzunian A, Vorobyev A, Voytishin N, Yuldashev BS, Zarubin A, Zhizhin I, Zhokin A. Observation of WWγ Production and Search for Hγ Production in Proton-Proton Collisions at sqrt[s]=13 TeV. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2024; 132:121901. [PMID: 38579207 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.132.121901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
The observation of WWγ production in proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV with an integrated luminosity of 138 fb^{-1} is presented. The observed (expected) significance is 5.6 (5.1) standard deviations. Events are selected by requiring exactly two leptons (one electron and one muon) of opposite charge, moderate missing transverse momentum, and a photon. The measured fiducial cross section for WWγ is 5.9±0.8(stat)±0.8(syst)±0.7(modeling) fb, in agreement with the next-to-leading order quantum chromodynamics prediction. The analysis is extended with a search for the associated production of the Higgs boson and a photon, which is generated by a coupling of the Higgs boson to light quarks. The result is used to constrain the Higgs boson couplings to light quarks.
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Fiorendi S, Holmes T, Karunarathna N, Lee L, Nibigira E, Spanier S, Aebi D, Ahmad M, Bouhali O, Dalchenko M, Eusebi R, Gilmore J, Huang T, Kamon T, Kim H, Luo S, Malhotra S, Mueller R, Overton D, Rathjens D, Safonov A, Akchurin N, Damgov J, Hegde V, Hussain A, Kazhykarim Y, Lamichhane K, Lee SW, Mankel A, Mengke T, Muthumuni S, Peltola T, Volobouev I, Whitbeck A, Appelt E, Greene S, Gurrola A, Johns W, Kunnawalkam Elayavalli R, Melo A, Romeo F, Sheldon P, Tuo S, Velkovska J, Viinikainen J, Cardwell B, Cox B, Hakala J, Hirosky R, Ledovskoy A, Li A, Neu C, Perez Lara CE, Karchin PE, Aravind A, Banerjee S, Black K, Bose T, Dasu S, De Bruyn I, Everaerts P, Galloni C, He H, Herndon M, Herve A, Koraka CK, Lanaro A, Loveless R, Madhusudanan Sreekala J, Mallampalli A, Mohammadi A, Mondal S, Parida G, Pinna D, Savin A, Shang V, Sharma V, Smith WH, Teague D, Tsoi HF, Vetens W, Warden A, Afanasiev S, Andreev V, Andreev Y, Aushev T, Azarkin M, Babaev A, Belyaev A, Blinov V, Boos E, Borshch V, Budkouski D, Chekhovsky V, Chistov R, Danilov M, Dermenev A, Dimova T, Druzhkin D, Dubinin M, Dudko L, Ershov A, Gavrilov G, Gavrilov V, Gninenko S, Golovtcov V, Golubev N, Golutvin I, Gorbunov I, Gribushin A, Ivanov Y, Kachanov V, Kardapoltsev L, Karjavine V, Karneyeu A, Kim V, Kirakosyan M, Kirpichnikov D, Kirsanov M, Klyukhin V, Kodolova O, Konstantinov D, Korenkov V, Korotkikh V, Kozyrev A, Krasnikov N, Lanev A, Levchenko P, Lychkovskaya N, Makarenko V, Malakhov A, Matveev V, Murzin V, Nikitenko A, Obraztsov S, Oreshkin V, Oskin A, Palichik V, Perelygin V, Petrov N, Petrushanko S, Polikarpov S, Popov V, Radchenko O, Savina M, Savrin V, Shalaev V, Shmatov S, Shulha S, Skovpen Y, Slabospitskii S, Smirnov V, Snigirev A, Sosnov D, Sulimov V, Tcherniaev E, Terkulov A, Teryaev O, Tlisova I, Toropin A, Uvarov L, Uzunian A, Vorobyev A, Voytishin N, Yuldashev BS, Zarubin A, Zhizhin I, Zhokin A. New Structures in the J/ψJ/ψ Mass Spectrum in Proton-Proton Collisions at sqrt[s]=13 TeV. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2024; 132:111901. [PMID: 38563916 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.132.111901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
A search is reported for near-threshold structures in the J/ψJ/ψ invariant mass spectrum produced in proton-proton collisions at sqrt[s]=13 TeV from data collected by the CMS experiment, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 135 fb^{-1}. Three structures are found, and a model with quantum interference among these structures provides a good description of the data. A new structure is observed with a local significance above 5 standard deviations at a mass of 6638_{-38}^{+43}(stat)_{-31}^{+16}(syst) MeV. Another structure with even higher significance is found at a mass of 6847_{-28}^{+44}(stat)_{-20}^{+48}(syst) MeV, which is consistent with the X(6900) resonance reported by the LHCb experiment and confirmed by the ATLAS experiment. Evidence for another new structure, with a local significance of 4.7 standard deviations, is found at a mass of 7134_{-25}^{+48}(stat)_{-15}^{+41}(syst) MeV. Results are also reported for a model without interference, which does not fit the data as well and shows mass shifts up to 150 MeV relative to the model with interference.
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Lee J, Zhao T, Yang S, Muduli M, Murray CB, Kagan CR. One-pot heat-up synthesis of short-wavelength infrared, colloidal InAs quantum dots. J Chem Phys 2024; 160:071103. [PMID: 38380752 DOI: 10.1063/5.0187162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
III-V colloidal quantum dots (QDs) promise Pb and Hg-free QD compositions with which to build short-wavelength infrared (SWIR) optoelectronic devices. However, their synthesis is limited by the availability of group-V precursors with controllable reactivities to prepare monodisperse, SWIR-absorbing III-V QDs. Here, we report a one-pot heat-up method to synthesize ∼8 nm edge length (∼6.5 nm in height) tetrahedral, SWIR-absorbing InAs QDs by increasing the [In3+]:[As3+] ratio introduced using commercially available InCl3 and AsCl3 precursors and by decreasing the concentration and optimizing the volume of the reducing reagent superhydride to control the concentration of In(0) and As(0) intermediates through QD nucleation and growth. InAs QDs are treated with NOBF4, and their deposited films are exchanged with Na2S to yield n-type InAs QD films. We realize the only colloidal InAs QD photoconductors with responsivity at the technologically important wavelength of 1.55 μm.
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McCallion J, Borsi A, Noel W, Lee J, Karmous W, Sattler S, Boggia GM, Hardy EJ, Mitchell CR, Mitchell SA, Gilhus NE. Systematic review of the patient burden of generalised myasthenia gravis in Europe, the Middle East, and Africa. BMC Neurol 2024; 24:61. [PMID: 38336636 PMCID: PMC10858594 DOI: 10.1186/s12883-024-03553-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Myasthenia gravis (MG) is a rare autoimmune disease characterised by muscle weakness, and progression from ocular (oMG) to generalised (gMG) symptoms results in a substantial negative impact on quality of life (QoL). This systematic review aimed to provide an overview of the patient burden experienced by people living with gMG. METHODS Electronic database searches (conducted March 2022), supplemented by interrogation of grey literature, were conducted to identify studies reporting patient burden outcomes in patients with gMG in Europe, the Middle East and Africa. Results were synthesised narratively due to the heterogeneity across trials. RESULTS In total, 39 patient burden publications (representing 38 unique studies) were identified as relevant for inclusion in the systematic review, consisting of 37 publications reporting formal patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs), and two publications describing alternative qualitative assessments of patient experience. The studies included a variety of measures including generic and disease-specific PROMs, as well as symptom-specific PROMs focusing on key comorbidities including depression, anxiety, fatigue and sleep disturbance. The findings showed some variation across studies and PROMs; however, in general there was evidence for worse QoL in patients with gMG than in healthy controls or in patients with oMG, and a trend for worsening QoL with increasing MG severity. CONCLUSIONS This review highlights the importance of considering patient QoL when developing and assessing treatment and management plans for patients with gMG. However, the heterogeneity identified across studies illustrates the need for further representative and well-powered studies in large cohorts administering consistent, validated questionnaires. TRIAL REGISTRATION The protocol for this systematic review was registered in PROSPERO: CRD42022328444.
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A, Rebello Teles P, Soeiro M, Aldá Júnior WL, Alves Gallo Pereira M, Barroso Ferreira Filho M, Brandao Malbouisson H, Carvalho W, Chinellato J, Da Costa EM, Da Silveira GG, De Jesus Damiao D, Fonseca De Souza S, Martins J, Mora Herrera C, Mota Amarilo K, Mundim L, Nogima H, Santoro A, Silva Do Amaral SM, Sznajder A, Thiel M, Vilela Pereira A, Bernardes CA, Calligaris L, Tomei TRFP, Gregores EM, Mercadante PG, Novaes SF, Orzari B, Padula SS, Aleksandrov A, Antchev G, Hadjiiska R, Iaydjiev P, Misheva M, Shopova M, Sultanov G, Dimitrov A, Ivanov T, Litov L, Pavlov B, Petkov P, Petrov A, Shumka E, Keshri S, Thakur S, Cheng T, Guo Q, Javaid T, Mittal M, Yuan L, Bauer G, Hu Z, Liu J, Yi K, Chen GM, Chen HS, Chen M, Iemmi F, Jiang CH, Kapoor A, Liao H, Liu ZA, Monti F, Shahzad MA, Sharma R, Song JN, Tao J, Wang C, Wang J, Wang Z, Zhang H, Agapitos A, Ban Y, Levin A, Li C, Li Q, Mao Y, Qian SJ, Sun X, Wang D, Yang H, Zhang L, Zhou C, You Z, Lu N, Gao X, Leggat D, Okawa H, Zhang Y, Lin Z, Lu C, Xiao M, Avila C, Barbosa Trujillo DA, Cabrera A, Florez C, Fraga J, Reyes Vega JA, Mejia Guisao J, Ramirez F, Rodriguez M, Ruiz Alvarez JD, Giljanovic D, Godinovic N, Lelas D, Sculac A, Kovac M, Sculac T, Bargassa P, Brigljevic V, Chitroda BK, Ferencek D, Mishra S, Starodumov A, Susa T, Attikis A, Christoforou K, Konstantinou S, Mousa J, Nicolaou C, Ptochos F, Razis PA, Rykaczewski H, Saka H, Stepennov A, Finger M, Finger M, Kveton A, Ayala E, Carrera Jarrin E, Assran Y, Elgammal S, Abdullah Al-Mashad M, Mahmoud MA, Dewanjee RK, Ehataht K, Kadastik M, Lange T, Nandan S, Nielsen C, Pata J, Raidal M, Tani L, Veelken C, Kirschenmann H, Osterberg K, Voutilainen M, Bharthuar S, Brücken E, Garcia F, Havukainen J, Kallonen KTS, Kim MS, Kinnunen R, Lampén T, Lassila-Perini K, Lehti S, Lindén T, Lotti M, Martikainen L, Myllymäki M, Rantanen MM, Siikonen H, Tuominen E, Tuominiemi J, Luukka P, Petrow H, Tuuva T, Besancon M, Couderc F, Dejardin M, Denegri D, Faure JL, Ferri F, Ganjour S, Gras P, Hamel de Monchenault G, Lohezic V, Malcles J, Rander J, Rosowsky A, Sahin MÖ, Savoy-Navarro A, Simkina P, Titov M, Baldenegro Barrera C, Beaudette F, Buchot Perraguin A, Busson P, Cappati A, Charlot C, Damas F, Davignon O, De Wit A, Falmagne G, Fontana Santos Alves BA, Ghosh S, Gilbert A, Granier de Cassagnac R, Hakimi A, Harikrishnan B, Kalipoliti L, Liu G, Motta J, Nguyen M, Ochando C, Portales L, Salerno R, Sarkar U, Sauvan JB, Sirois Y, Tarabini A, Vernazza E, Zabi A, Zghiche A, Agram JL, Andrea J, Apparu D, Bloch D, Brom JM, Chabert EC, Collard C, Falke S, Goerlach U, Grimault C, Haeberle R, Le Bihan AC, Sessini MA, Van Hove P, Beauceron S, Blancon B, Boudoul G, Chanon N, Choi J, Contardo D, Depasse P, Dozen C, El Mamouni H, Fay J, Gascon S, Gouzevitch M, Greenberg C, Grenier G, Ille B, Laktineh IB, Lethuillier M, Mirabito L, Perries S, Purohit A, Vander Donckt M, Verdier P, Xiao J, Khvedelidze A, Lomidze I, Tsamalaidze Z, Botta V, Feld L, Klein K, Lipinski M, Meuser D, Pauls A, 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Krücker D, Lange W, Leyva Pernia D, Lipka K, Lohmann W, Mankel R, Melzer-Pellmann IA, Mendizabal Morentin M, Metwally J, Meyer AB, Milella G, Mussgiller A, Nürnberg A, Otarid Y, Pérez Adán D, Ranken E, Raspereza A, Ribeiro Lopes B, Rübenach J, Saggio A, Scham M, Schnake S, Schütze P, Schwanenberger C, Selivanova D, Shchedrolosiev M, Sosa Ricardo RE, Sreelatha Pramod LP, Stafford D, Vazzoler F, Ventura Barroso A, Walsh R, Wang Q, Wen Y, Wichmann K, Wiens L, Wissing C, Wuchterl S, Yang Y, Zimermmane Castro Santos A, Albrecht A, Albrecht S, Antonello M, Bein S, Benato L, Bonanomi M, Connor P, Eich M, El Morabit K, Fischer Y, Fröhlich A, Garbers C, Garutti E, Grohsjean A, Hajheidari M, Haller J, Jabusch HR, Kasieczka G, Keicher P, Klanner R, Korcari W, Kramer T, Kutzner V, Labe F, Lange J, Lobanov A, Matthies C, Mehta A, Moureaux L, Mrowietz M, Nigamova A, Nissan Y, Paasch A, Pena Rodriguez KJ, Quadfasel T, Raciti B, Rieger M, Savoiu D, Schindler J, Schleper P, Schröder M, Schwandt J, Sommerhalder M, Stadie H, Steinbrück G, Tews A, Wolf M, Brommer S, Burkart M, Butz E, Chwalek T, Dierlamm A, Droll A, Faltermann N, Giffels M, Gottmann A, Hartmann F, Hofsaess R, Horzela M, Husemann U, Klute M, Koppenhöfer R, Link M, Lintuluoto A, Maier S, Mitra S, Mormile M, Müller T, Neukum M, Oh M, Quast G, Rabbertz K, Regnery B, Shadskiy N, Shvetsov I, Simonis HJ, Trevisani N, Ulrich R, van der Linden J, Von Cube RF, Wassmer M, Wieland S, Wittig F, Wolf R, Wunsch S, Zuo X, Anagnostou G, Assiouras P, Daskalakis G, Kyriakis A, Papadopoulos A, Stakia A, Kontaxakis P, Melachroinos G, Panagiotou A, Papavergou I, Paraskevas I, Saoulidou N, Theofilatos K, Tziaferi E, Vellidis K, Zisopoulos I, Bakas G, Chatzistavrou T, Karapostoli G, Kousouris K, Papakrivopoulos I, Siamarkou E, Tsipolitis G, Zacharopoulou A, Adamidis K, Bestintzanos I, Evangelou I, Foudas C, Gianneios P, Kamtsikis C, Katsoulis P, Kokkas P, Kosmoglou Kioseoglou PG, Manthos N, Papadopoulos I, Strologas J, Csanád M, Farkas K, Gadallah MMA, Kadlecsik Á, Major P, Mandal K, Pásztor G, Rádl AJ, Veres GI, Bartók M, Hajdu C, Horvath D, Sikler F, Veszpremi V, Raics P, Ujvari B, Zilizi G, Bencze G, Czellar S, Karancsi J, Molnar J, Szillasi Z, Csorgo T, Nemes F, Novak T, Babbar J, Bansal S, Beri SB, Bhatnagar V, Chaudhary G, Chauhan S, Dhingra N, Gupta R, Kaur A, Kaur A, Kaur H, Kaur M, Kumar S, Meena M, Sandeep K, Sheokand T, Singh JB, Singla A, Ahmed A, Bhardwaj A, Chhetri A, Choudhary BC, Kumar A, Naimuddin M, Ranjan K, Saumya S, Acharya S, Baradia S, Barman S, Bhattacharya S, Bhowmik D, Dutta S, Dutta S, Gomber B, Palit P, Saha G, Sahu B, Sarkar S, Ameen MM, Behera PK, Behera SC, Chatterjee S, Jana P, Kalbhor P, Komaragiri JR, Kumar D, Panwar L, Pradhan R, Pujahari PR, Saha NR, Sharma A, Sikdar AK, Verma S, Aziz T, Das I, Dugad S, Kumar M, Mohanty GB, Suryadevara P, Bala A, Banerjee S, Chatterjee RM, Guchait M, Jain S, Karmakar S, Kumar S, Majumder G, Mazumdar K, Mukherjee S, Parolia S, Thachayath A, Bahinipati 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Wilson J, Bartek R, Dominguez A, Huerta Escamilla C, Simsek AE, Uniyal R, Vargas Hernandez AM, Chudasama R, Cooper SI, Gleyzer SV, Perez CU, Rumerio P, Usai E, West C, Yi R, Akpinar A, Albert A, Arcaro D, Cosby C, Demiragli Z, Erice C, Fontanesi E, Gastler D, Jeon S, Rohlf J, Salyer K, Sperka D, Spitzbart D, Suarez I, Tsatsos A, Yuan S, Benelli G, Coubez X, Cutts D, Hadley M, Heintz U, Hogan JM, Kwon T, Landsberg G, Lau KT, Li D, Luo J, Mondal S, Narain M, Pervan N, Sagir S, Simpson F, Stamenkovic M, Wong WY, Yan X, Zhang W, Abbott S, Bonilla J, Brainerd C, Breedon R, Calderon De La Barca Sanchez M, Chertok M, Citron M, Conway J, Cox PT, Erbacher R, Jensen F, Kukral O, Mocellin G, Mulhearn M, Pellett D, Wei W, Yao Y, Zhang F, Bachtis M, Cousins R, Datta A, Hauser J, Ignatenko M, Iqbal MA, Lam T, Manca E, Nash WA, Saltzberg D, Stone B, Valuev V, Clare R, Gordon M, Hanson G, Si W, Wimpenny S, Branson JG, Cittolin S, Cooperstein S, Diaz D, Duarte J, Giannini L, Guiang J, Kansal R, Krutelyov V, Lee R, Letts J, Masciovecchio M, Mokhtar F, Pieri M, Quinnan M, Sathia Narayanan BV, Sharma V, Tadel M, Vourliotis E, Würthwein F, Xiang Y, Yagil A, Barzdukas A, Brennan L, Campagnari C, Collura G, Dorsett A, Incandela J, Kilpatrick M, Kim J, Li AJ, Masterson P, Mei H, Oshiro M, Richman J, Sarica U, Schmitz R, Setti F, Sheplock J, Stuart D, Wang S, Bornheim A, Cerri O, Latorre A, Lawhorn JM, Mao J, Newman HB, Nguyen TQ, Spiropulu M, Vlimant JR, Wang C, Xie S, Zhu RY, Alison J, An S, Andrews MB, Bryant P, Dutta V, Ferguson T, Harilal A, Liu C, Mudholkar T, Murthy S, Paulini M, Roberts A, Sanchez A, Terrill W, Cumalat JP, Ford WT, Hassani A, Karathanasis G, MacDonald E, Manganelli N, Marini F, Perloff A, Savard C, Schonbeck N, Stenson K, Ulmer KA, Wagner SR, Zipper N, Alexander J, Bright-Thonney S, Chen X, Cranshaw DJ, Fan J, Fan X, Gadkari D, Hogan S, Monroy J, Patterson JR, Reichert J, Reid M, Ryd A, Thom J, Wittich P, Zou R, Albrow M, Alyari M, Amram O, Apollinari G, Apresyan A, Bauerdick LAT, Berry D, Berryhill J, Bhat PC, Burkett K, Butler JN, Canepa A, Cerati GB, Cheung HWK, Chlebana F, Cummings G, Dickinson J, Dutta I, Elvira VD, Feng Y, Freeman J, Gandrakota A, Gecse Z, Gray L, Green D, Grummer A, Grünendahl S, Guerrero D, Gutsche O, Harris RM, Heller R, Herwig TC, Hirschauer J, Horyn L, Jayatilaka B, Jindariani S, Johnson M, Joshi U, Klijnsma T, Klima B, Kwok KHM, Lammel S, Lincoln D, Lipton R, Liu T, Madrid C, Maeshima K, Mantilla C, Mason D, McBride P, Merkel P, Mrenna S, Nahn S, Ngadiuba J, Noonan D, Papadimitriou V, Pastika N, Pedro K, Pena C, Ravera F, Reinsvold Hall A, Ristori L, Sexton-Kennedy E, Smith N, Soha A, Spiegel L, Stoynev S, Taylor L, Tkaczyk S, Tran NV, Uplegger L, Vaandering EW, Zoi I, Aruta C, Avery P, Bourilkov D, Cadamuro L, Chang P, Cherepanov V, Field RD, Koenig E, Kolosova M, Konigsberg J, Korytov A, Lo KH, Matchev K, Menendez N, Mitselmakher G, Mohrman K, Muthirakalayil Madhu A, Rawal N, Rosenzweig D, Rosenzweig S, Shi K, Wang J, Adams T, Al Kadhim A, Askew A, Bower N, Habibullah R, Hagopian V, Hashmi R, Kim RS, Kim S, Kolberg T, Martinez G, Prosper H, Prova PR, Viazlo O, Wulansatiti M, Yohay R, Zhang J, Alsufyani B, Baarmand MM, Butalla S, Elkafrawy T, Hohlmann M, Kumar Verma R, Rahmani M, Adams MR, Bennett C, Cavanaugh R, Dittmer S, Escobar Franco R, Evdokimov O, Gerber CE, Hofman DJ, Lee JH, Lemos DS, Merrit AH, Mills C, Nanda S, Oh G, Ozek B, Pilipovic D, Roy T, Rudrabhatla S, Tonjes MB, Varelas N, Wang X, Ye Z, Yoo J, Alhusseini M, Blend D, Dilsiz K, Emediato L, Karaman G, Köseyan OK, Merlo JP, Mestvirishvili A, Nachtman J, Neogi O, Ogul H, Onel Y, Penzo A, Snyder C, Tiras E, Blumenfeld B, Corcodilos L, Davis J, Gritsan AV, Kang L, Kyriacou S, Maksimovic P, Roguljic M, Roskes J, Sekhar S, Swartz M, Vámi TÁ, Abreu A, Alcerro Alcerro LF, Anguiano J, Baringer P, Bean A, Flowers Z, Grove D, King J, Krintiras G, Lazarovits M, Le Mahieu C, Lindsey C, Marquez J, Minafra N, Murray M, Nickel M, Pitt M, Popescu S, Rogan C, Royon C, Salvatico R, Sanders S, Smith C, Wang Q, Wilson G, Allmond B, Ivanov A, Kaadze K, Kalogeropoulos A, Kim D, Maravin Y, Nam K, Natoli J, Roy D, Sorrentino G, Rebassoo F, Wright D, Adams E, Baden A, Baron O, Belloni A, Bethani A, Chen YM, Eno SC, Hadley NJ, Jabeen S, Kellogg RG, Koeth T, Lai Y, Lascio S, Mignerey AC, Nabili S, Palmer C, Papageorgakis C, Paranjpe MM, Wang L, Wong K, Bendavid J, Busza W, Cali IA, Chen Y, D'Alfonso M, Eysermans J, Freer C, Gomez-Ceballos G, Goncharov M, Harris P, Hoang D, Kovalskyi D, Krupa J, Lavezzo L, Lee YJ, Long K, Mironov C, Paus C, Rankin D, Roland C, Roland G, Rothman S, Shi Z, Stephans GSF, Wang J, Wang Z, Wyslouch B, Yang TJ, Crossman B, Joshi BM, Kapsiak C, Krohn M, Mahon D, Mans J, Marzocchi B, Pandey S, Revering M, Rusack R, Saradhy R, Schroeder N, Strobbe N, Wadud MA, Cremaldi LM, Bloom K, Bryson M, Claes DR, Fangmeier C, Golf F, Haza G, Hossain J, Joo C, Kravchenko I, Reed I, Siado JE, Tabb W, Vagnerini A, Wightman A, Yan F, Yu D, Zecchinelli AG, Agarwal G, Bandyopadhyay H, Hay L, Iashvili I, Kharchilava A, McLean C, Morris M, Nguyen D, Rappoccio S, Rejeb Sfar H, Williams A, Alverson G, Barberis E, Haddad Y, Han Y, Krishna A, Li J, Lu M, Madigan G, Mccarthy R, Morse DM, Nguyen V, Orimoto T, Parker A, Skinnari L, Tishelman-Charny A, Wang B, Wood D, Bhattacharya S, Bueghly J, Chen Z, Hahn KA, Liu Y, Miao Y, Monk DG, Schmitt MH, Taliercio A, Velasco M, Band R, Bucci R, Castells S, Cremonesi M, Das A, Goldouzian R, Hildreth M, Ho KW, Hurtado Anampa K, Jessop C, Lannon K, Lawrence J, Loukas N, Lutton L, Mariano J, Marinelli N, Mcalister I, McCauley T, Mcgrady C, Moore C, Musienko Y, Nelson H, Osherson M, Ruchti R, Townsend A, Wayne M, Yockey H, Zarucki M, Zygala L, Basnet A, Bylsma B, Carrigan M, Durkin LS, Hill C, Joyce M, Lesauvage A, Nunez Ornelas M, Wei K, Winer BL, Yates BR, Addesa FM, Bouchamaoui H, Das P, Dezoort G, Elmer P, Frankenthal A, Greenberg B, Haubrich N, Higginbotham S, Kopp G, Kwan S, Lange D, Loeliger A, Marlow D, Ojalvo I, Olsen J, Shevelev A, Stickland D, Tully C, Malik S, Bakshi AS, Barnes VE, Chandra S, Chawla R, Das S, Gu A, Gutay L, Jones M, Jung AW, Kondratyev D, Koshy AM, Liu M, Negro G, Neumeister N, Paspalaki G, Piperov S, Scheurer V, Schulte JF, Stojanovic M, Thieman J, Virdi AK, Wang F, Xie W, Dolen J, Parashar N, Pathak A, Acosta D, Baty A, Carnahan T, Dildick S, Ecklund KM, Fernández Manteca PJ, Freed S, Gardner P, Geurts FJM, Kumar A, Li W, Miguel Colin O, Padley BP, Redjimi R, Rotter J, Yigitbasi E, Zhang Y, Bodek A, de Barbaro P, Demina R, Dulemba JL, Fallon C, Garcia-Bellido A, Hindrichs O, Khukhunaishvili A, Parygin P, Popova E, Taus R, Van Onsem GP, Goulianos K, Chiarito B, Chou JP, Gershtein Y, Halkiadakis E, Hart A, Heindl M, Jaroslawski D, Karacheban O, Laflotte I, Lath A, Montalvo R, Nash K, Routray H, Salur S, Schnetzer S, Somalwar S, Stone R, Thayil SA, Thomas S, Vora J, Wang H, Acharya H, Ally D, Delannoy AG, Fiorendi S, Holmes T, Karunarathna N, Lee L, Nibigira E, Spanier S, Aebi D, Ahmad M, Bouhali O, Dalchenko M, Eusebi R, Gilmore J, Huang T, Kamon T, Kim H, Luo S, Malhotra S, Mueller R, Overton D, Rathjens D, Safonov A, Akchurin N, Damgov J, Hegde V, Hussain A, Kazhykarim Y, Lamichhane K, Lee SW, Mankel A, Mengke T, Muthumuni S, Peltola T, Volobouev I, Whitbeck A, Appelt E, Greene S, Gurrola A, Johns W, Kunnawalkam Elayavalli R, Melo A, Romeo F, Sheldon P, Tuo S, Velkovska J, Viinikainen J, Cardwell B, Cox B, Hakala J, Hirosky R, Ledovskoy A, Li A, Neu C, Perez Lara CE, Karchin PE, Aravind A, Banerjee S, Black K, Bose T, Dasu S, De Bruyn I, Everaerts P, Galloni C, He H, Herndon M, Herve A, Koraka CK, Lanaro A, Loveless R, Madhusudanan Sreekala J, Mallampalli A, Mohammadi A, Mondal S, Parida G, Pinna D, Savin A, Shang V, Sharma V, Smith WH, Teague D, Tsoi HF, Vetens W, Warden A, Afanasiev S, Andreev V, Andreev Y, Aushev T, Azarkin M, Babaev A, Belyaev A, Blinov V, Boos E, Borshch V, Budkouski D, Bunichev V, Chadeeva M, Chekhovsky V, Chistov R, Dermenev A, Dimova T, Druzhkin D, Dubinin M, Dudko L, Ershov A, Gavrilov G, Gavrilov V, Gninenko S, Golovtcov V, Golubev N, Golutvin I, Gorbunov I, Gribushin A, Ivanov Y, Kachanov V, Kardapoltsev L, Karjavine V, Karneyeu A, Kim V, Kirakosyan M, Kirpichnikov D, Kirsanov M, Klyukhin V, Kodolova O, Konstantinov D, Korenkov V, Kozyrev A, Krasnikov N, Lanev A, Levchenko P, Lychkovskaya N, Makarenko V, Malakhov A, Matveev V, Murzin V, Nikitenko A, Obraztsov S, Oreshkin V, Palichik V, Perelygin V, Perfilov M, Petrushanko S, Polikarpov S, Popov V, Radchenko O, Savina M, Savrin V, Shalaev V, Shmatov S, Shulha S, Skovpen Y, Slabospitskii S, Smirnov V, Sosnov D, Sulimov V, Tcherniaev E, Terkulov A, Teryaev O, Tlisova I, Toropin A, Uvarov L, Uzunian A, Vorobyev A, Voytishin N, Yuldashev BS, Zarubin A, Zhizhin I, Zhokin A. Search for Scalar Leptoquarks Produced via τ-Lepton-Quark Scattering in pp Collisions at sqrt[s]=13 TeV. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2024; 132:061801. [PMID: 38394587 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.132.061801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
The first search for scalar leptoquarks produced in τ-lepton-quark collisions is presented. It is based on a set of proton-proton collision data recorded with the CMS detector at the LHC at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 138 fb^{-1}. The reconstructed final state consists of a jet, significant missing transverse momentum, and a τ lepton reconstructed through its hadronic or leptonic decays. Limits are set on the product of the leptoquark production cross section and branching fraction and interpreted as exclusions in the plane of the leptoquark mass and the leptoquark-τ-quark coupling strength.
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Kumar VA, Lee J, Liu HL, Allen JW, Filippi CG, Holodny AI, Hsu K, Jain R, McAndrews MP, Peck KK, Shah G, Shimony JS, Singh S, Zeineh M, Tanabe J, Vachha B, Vossough A, Welker K, Whitlow C, Wintermark M, Zaharchuk G, Sair HI. Recommended Resting-State fMRI Acquisition and Preprocessing Steps for Preoperative Mapping of Language and Motor and Visual Areas in Adult and Pediatric Patients with Brain Tumors and Epilepsy. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2024; 45:139-148. [PMID: 38164572 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a8067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Resting-state (rs) fMRI has been shown to be useful for preoperative mapping of functional areas in patients with brain tumors and epilepsy. However, its lack of standardization limits its widespread use and hinders multicenter collaboration. The American Society of Functional Neuroradiology, American Society of Pediatric Neuroradiology, and the American Society of Neuroradiology Functional and Diffusion MR Imaging Study Group recommend specific rs-fMRI acquisition approaches and preprocessing steps that will further support rs-fMRI for future clinical use. A task force with expertise in fMRI from multiple institutions provided recommendations on the rs-fMRI steps needed for mapping of language, motor, and visual areas in adult and pediatric patients with brain tumor and epilepsy. These were based on an extensive literature review and expert consensus.Following rs-fMRI acquisition parameters are recommended: minimum 6-minute acquisition time; scan with eyes open with fixation; obtain rs-fMRI before both task-based fMRI and contrast administration; temporal resolution of ≤2 seconds; scanner field strength of 3T or higher. The following rs-fMRI preprocessing steps and parameters are recommended: motion correction (seed-based correlation analysis [SBC], independent component analysis [ICA]); despiking (SBC); volume censoring (SBC, ICA); nuisance regression of CSF and white matter signals (SBC); head motion regression (SBC, ICA); bandpass filtering (SBC, ICA); and spatial smoothing with a kernel size that is twice the effective voxel size (SBC, ICA).The consensus recommendations put forth for rs-fMRI acquisition and preprocessing steps will aid in standardization of practice and guide rs-fMRI program development across institutions. Standardized rs-fMRI protocols and processing pipelines are essential for multicenter trials and to implement rs-fMRI as part of standard clinical practice.
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Amson A, Pauzé E, Ramsay T, Welch V, Hamid JS, Lee J, Olstad DL, Mah C, Raine K, Potvin Kent M. Examining gender differences in adolescent exposure to food and beverage marketing through go-along interviews. Appetite 2024; 193:107153. [PMID: 38072086 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2023.107153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/01/2024]
Abstract
This study explores how adolescents engage with unhealthy food and beverage marketing in online settings, from a gender perspective. Employing an online ethnography approach and using go-along interviews, we explored the experiences of adolescent boys and girls aged 13-17 as they navigated their online experiences with digital food and beverage marketing. Notable themes emerged, including the identification of predatory actions by food companies, the role of protective factors such as family, and the influence of social media influencers in shaping adolescent dietary preferences. Importantly, this research unearthed gender disparities in the participants' responses. Girls, in particular, exhibited a heightened awareness of the protective role played by their families, emphasized the influence of color in marketing strategies, recognized the significance of gender in marketing, and reported exposure to alcohol advertisements-findings that boys less frequently echoed. The study underscores the importance of adolescence as a critical phase in development, during which food companies target these impressionable individuals, driven by their independence and potential for brand loyalty. Moreover, it highlights the potential avenue of gender-specific marketing, offering valuable insights into the gendered dimensions of adolescents' food marketing experiences. By examining the interplay between digital food marketing and gender, this research addresses a critical gap in the literature, shedding light on how gender influences adolescents' perceptions, responses, and behaviors in the context of food marketing strategies. These findings have the potential to inform adolescents of the marketing techniques that target them and guide policymakers in developing and implementing evidence-based regulations aimed at safeguarding adolescents from exposure to unhealthy food marketing.
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Kim JY, Hong JY, Kim SM, Ryu KH, Kim DS, Lee SH, Na JH, Cho HH, Yu J, Lee J. Socio-economic factors and medical conditions affecting regular stomach cancer screening in Korea: a retrospective longitudinal study using national public health data for 11 years. Public Health 2024; 227:70-77. [PMID: 38128357 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2023.11.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to explore socio-economic factors and medical conditions that affect regular stomach cancer (SC) screening among Korean adults. STUDY DESIGN This was a retrospective observational study. METHODS Study subjects were 5545 adults aged ≥40 years who participated in the 2007-2012 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey and were followed up to year 2017 based on data linking to the Korean National Health Insurance Service and Korean Health Insurance Review and Assessment. Socio-economic factors included sex, age, residential area, education, occupation, marital status, disability, public and private health insurance, service through local public health organizations, history of cancer except for SC, and family history of SC. Medical factors included six gastric lesions with the possibility of facilitating SC screening, including benign gastric neoplasm, chronic atrophic gastritis, gastric polyp, Helicobacter pylori infection, intestinal metaplasia, and peptic ulcers. The outcome was adherence to SC screening, which was divided into non-adherence, irregular adherence, and regular adherence. RESULTS After adjusting for the effects of socio-economic factors, multivariate ordinal logistic regression revealed that participants with a history of four types of gastric lesions were more likely to regularly participate in SC screening: chronic atrophic gastritis (odds ratio [OR] 1.567; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.276-1.923), gastric polyps (OR 1.565; 95% CI = 1.223-2.003), H. pylori infection (OR 1.637; 95% CI = 1.338-2.003), and peptic ulcer (OR 2.226; 95% CI 1.750-2.831). CONCLUSIONS To improve participation in SC screening, it is necessary to implement personalized strategies for individuals at risk for gastric cancer in addition to population-based strategies for vulnerable groups.
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Jennison T, Kulenkampff C, Lee J, Mahmood A. Is ethnicity a risk factor for mortality in major trauma? A single-centred cohort study. Ann R Coll Surg Engl 2024; 106:118-122. [PMID: 36688835 PMCID: PMC10830339 DOI: 10.1308/rcsann.2022.0097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Many studies have found varying health outcomes in patients from different minority ethnic groups. There has been limited research into the outcomes in major trauma dependent on ethnicity. The aim was to analyse whether ethnicity was an independent risk factor for 30-day mortality in patients presenting to a major trauma centre when adjusting for confounders. METHODS This was a retrospective review of all patients presenting to a single major trauma centre from 2010 to 2020. Data were collected on patient demographics and variables including mechanism and injury severity score. Logistic regression was used to determine significant predictors of mortality. RESULTS There were 10,668 data sets with ethnicity data; of these 9,098 were of White ethnicity, 1,143 were Asian and 427 were classified as Black. The 30-day mortality rate was 7.76% for White ethnicities, 6.91% for Asian ethnicity and 5.15% for people of Black ethnicity. On multivariate logistic regression, ethnicity (p = 0.076) was not associated with 30-day mortality. Age, Injury Severity Score (ISS), Probability of Survival (PS) score, shock and Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS; p < 0.001) were associated with 30-day mortality. White ethnicity had an odds ratio (OR) of mortality of 1.16 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.658-2.040) (p = 0.609) compared with Black ethnicity and an OR of 0.74 (95% CI 0.546-1.001) (p = 0.050) compared with Asian patients. Black patients had an OR of mortality of 0.65 (95% CI 0.351-1.193) (p = 0.164) compared with the Asian population. CONCLUSION Ethnicity is not a significant risk factor for 30-day mortality in trauma patients.
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Herrstedt J, Clark-Snow R, Ruhlmann CH, Molassiotis A, Olver I, Rapoport BL, Aapro M, Dennis K, Hesketh PJ, Navari RM, Schwartzberg L, Affronti ML, Garcia-Del-Barrio MA, Chan A, Celio L, Chow R, Fleury M, Gralla RJ, Giusti R, Jahn F, Iihara H, Maranzano E, Radhakrishnan V, Saito M, Sayegh P, Bosnjak S, Zhang L, Lee J, Ostwal V, Smit T, Zilic A, Jordan K, Scotté F. 2023 MASCC and ESMO guideline update for the prevention of chemotherapy- and radiotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting. ESMO Open 2024; 9:102195. [PMID: 38458657 PMCID: PMC10937211 DOI: 10.1016/j.esmoop.2023.102195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2024] Open
Abstract
•Nausea and vomiting are considered amongst the most troublesome adverse events for patients receiving antineoplastics. •The guideline covers emetic risk classification, prevention and management of treatment-induced nausea and vomiting. •The Consensus Committee consisted of 34 multidisciplinary, health care professionals and three patient advocates. •Recommendations are based on evidence-based data (level of evidence) and the authors’ collective expert opinion (grade). •All recommendations are for the first course of antineoplastic therapy; modifications may be needed in subsequent courses.
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