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Guo Z, Jiang N, Li M, Guo H, Liu Q, Qin X, Zhang Z, Han C, Wang Y. A vicinal oxygen chelate protein facilitates viral infection by triggering the unfolded protein response in Nicotiana benthamiana. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 66:1481-1499. [PMID: 38695653 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Vicinal oxygen chelate (VOC) proteins are members of an enzyme superfamily with dioxygenase or non-dioxygenase activities. However, the biological functions of VOC proteins in plants are poorly understood. Here, we show that a VOC in Nicotiana benthamiana (NbVOC1) facilitates viral infection. NbVOC1 was significantly induced by infection by beet necrotic yellow vein virus (BNYVV). Transient overexpression of NbVOC1 or its homolog from Beta vulgaris (BvVOC1) enhanced BNYVV infection in N. benthamiana, which required the nuclear localization of VOC1. Consistent with this result, overexpressing NbVOC1 facilitated BNYVV infection, whereas, knockdown and knockout of NbVOC1 inhibited BNYVV infection in transgenic N. benthamiana plants. NbVOC1 interacts with the basic leucine zipper transcription factors bZIP17/28, which enhances their self-interaction and DNA binding to the promoters of unfolded protein response (UPR)-related genes. We propose that bZIP17/28 directly binds to the NbVOC1 promoter and induces its transcription, forming a positive feedback loop to induce the UPR and facilitating BNYVV infection. Collectively, our results demonstrate that NbVOC1 positively regulates the UPR that enhances viral infection in plants.
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He G, Wu S, Qin X, Ma J, Yu T, Song C, Mo X, Ma X, Ba J, Zheng G, Jiang B, Tian T, Yang S, Zhang T, Zhou X. [Prevalence of Echinococcus infections in small rodents in Yushu City, Qinghai Province in 2023]. ZHONGGUO XUE XI CHONG BING FANG ZHI ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF SCHISTOSOMIASIS CONTROL 2024; 36:169-173. [PMID: 38857961 DOI: 10.16250/j.32.1374.2024007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the prevalence of Echinococcus infections in small rodents around human residential areas in Yushu City, Qinghai Province in 2023, so as to provide insights into precision echinococcosis control. METHODS One or two quadrats, each measuring 50 m × 50 m, were randomly assigned in Shanglaxiu Township and Longbao Township, Yushu City, Qinghai Province on June 2023, respectively, and 300 plate-type mouse traps, each measuring 12.0 cm × 6.5 cm, were assigned in each quadrat. Small rodents were captured during the period between 10 : 00 and 18 : 00 each day for 4 days. Then, all captured small rodents were identified and dissected, and liver specimens with suspected Echinococcus infections were subjected to pathological examinations. The Echinococcus cytochrome c oxidase 1 (cox1) gene was amplified using PCR assay, and the sequence of the amplified product was aligned to that was recorded in the GenBank to characterize the parasite species. In addition, a phylogenetic tree of Echinococcus was generated based on the cox1 gene sequence using the neighbor-joining method. RESULTS A total of 236 small rodents were captured in Shanglaxiu and Longbao townships, Yushu City, including 65 Qinghai voles and 51 plateau pikas in Shanglaxiu Township, and 62 Qinghai voles and 58 plateau pikas in Longbao Township, and there was no significant difference in the constituent ratio of small rodents between the two townships (χ2 = 0.294, P > 0.05). Seven plateau pikas and 12 Qinghai voles were suspected to be infected with Echinococcus by dissection, and pathological examinations showed unclear structure of hepatic lobules and disordered hepatocyte arrangement in livers of small rodents suspected of Echinococcus infections. PCR assay identified E. shiquicus DNA in 7 Qinghai voles, which were all captured from Shanglaxiu Township. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the cox1 gene sequence of Echinococcus in small rodents was highly homologous to the E. shiquicus cox1 gene sequence reported previously. CONCLUSIONS Plateau pika and Qinghai vole were predominant small rodents around human residential areas in Yushu City, Qinghai Province in 2023, and E. shiquicus infection was detected in Qinghai voles.
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Shen L, Ding J, Wang Y, Fan W, Feng X, Liu K, Qin X, Shao Z, Li R. Spatial-temporal trends in leprosy burden and its associations with socioeconomic and physical geographic factors: results from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. Public Health 2024; 230:172-182. [PMID: 38560955 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2024.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of our study was to assess the multiscalar changes in leprosy burden and its associated risk factors over the last three decades. STUDY DESIGN We conducted an in-depth examination of leprosy's spatial-temporal trends at multiple geographical scale (global, regional, and national), utilizing information from Global Burden of Disease, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD 2019). METHODS Incidence and the estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) in age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR) of leprosy were determined, with countries categorized based on leprosy incidence changes. We examined socioeconomic and physical geography influences on leprosy incidence via Spearman correlation analysis, using ternary phase diagrams to reveal the synergetic effects on leprosy occurrence. RESULTS Globally, incident cases of leprosy decreased by 27.86% from 1990 to 2019, with a reduction in ASIR (EAPC = -2.53), yet trends were not homogeneous across regions. ASIR and EAPC correlated positively with sociodemographic index (SDI), and an ASIR growth appeared in high SDI region (EAPC = 3.07). Leprosy burden was chiefly distributed in Tropical Latin America, Oceania, Central Sub-Saharan Africa, and South Asia. Negative correlations were detected between the incidence of leprosy and factors of SDI, GDP per capita, urban population to total population, and precipitation, whereas the number of refugee population, temperature, and elevation showed opposite positive results. CONCLUSIONS Despite a global decline in leprosy over the past three decades, the disparities of disease occurrence at regional and national scales still persisted. Socioeconomic and physical geographic factors posed an obvious influence on the transmission risk of leprosy. The persistence and regional fluctuations of leprosy incidence necessitate the ongoing dynamic and multilayered control strategies worldwide in combating this ancient disease.
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Liu LP, Zha Y, Wang JY, Xu LY, Qin X. [Role of innate lymphoid cells in oral squamous cell carcinoma microenvironment]. ZHONGHUA KOU QIANG YI XUE ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA KOUQIANG YIXUE ZAZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF STOMATOLOGY 2024; 59:394-399. [PMID: 38548598 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112144-20240129-00041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common oral malignancy. It has a high incidence, strong invasion ability, easy metastasis, poor curative effect, and poor prognosis. Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are an important part of immune cells located in the mucosal barrier, which play an important role in the occurrence, development and outcome of tumors. ILCs are the key cells for decoding the regulatory mechanism of tumor microenvironment and the signatures for tumor progression. This paper reviewed the latest progress on ILCs, summarized the possible characteristics and functions of ILCs in the microenvironment of OSCC, and explored the relationship between ILCs and the occurrence, development and immunotherapy of OSCC.
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Wu S, Qin X, Huang L. The role of alternative polyadenylation in epithelial-mesenchymal transition of non-small cell lung cancer. Hum Mol Genet 2024; 33:677-686. [PMID: 38224682 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddae001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024] Open
Abstract
The metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is one of the cancers with high incidence, poor survival, and limited treatment. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is the first step by which an early tumor converts to an invasive one. Studying the underlying mechanisms of EMT can help the understanding of cancer metastasis and improve the treatment. In this study, 1013 NSCLC patients and 123 NSCLC cell lines are deeply analyzed for the potential roles of alternative polyadenylation (APA) in the EMT process. A trend of shorter 3'-UTRs (three prime untranslated region) is discovered in the mesenchymal samples. The identification of EMT-related APA events highlights the proximal poly(A) selection of CARM1. It is a pathological biomarker of mesenchymal tumor and cancer metastasis through losing miRNA binding to upregulate the EMT inducer of CARM1 and releasing miRNAs to downregulate the EMT inhibitor of RBM47. The crucial role of this APA event in EMT also guides its effect on drug responses. The patients with shorter 3'-UTR of CARM1 are more benefit from chemotherapy drugs, especially cisplatin. A stratification of NSCLC patients based on this APA event is useful for chemotherapy design in future clinics.
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Aguilar M, Ambrosi G, Anderson H, Arruda L, Attig N, Bagwell C, Barao F, Barbanera M, Barrin L, Bartoloni A, Battiston R, Belyaev N, Berdugo J, Bertucci B, Bindi V, Bollweg K, Bolster J, Borchiellini M, Borgia B, Boschini MJ, Bourquin M, Burger J, Burger WJ, Cai XD, Capell M, Casaus J, Castellini G, Cervelli F, Chang YH, Chen GM, Chen GR, Chen H, Chen HS, Chen Y, Cheng L, Chou HY, Chouridou S, Choutko V, Chung CH, Clark C, Coignet G, Consolandi C, Contin A, Corti C, Cui Z, Dadzie K, D'Angelo F, Dass A, Delgado C, Della Torre S, Demirköz MB, Derome L, Di Falco S, Di Felice V, Díaz C, Dimiccoli F, von Doetinchem P, Dong F, Donnini F, Duranti M, Egorov A, Eline A, Faldi F, Feng J, Fiandrini E, Fisher P, Formato V, Gámez C, García-López RJ, Gargiulo C, Gast H, Gervasi M, Giovacchini F, Gómez-Coral DM, Gong J, Goy C, Grandi D, Graziani M, Guracho AN, Haino S, Han KC, Hashmani RK, He ZH, Heber B, Hsieh TH, Hu JY, Huang BW, Ionica M, Incagli M, Jia Y, Jinchi H, Karagöz G, Khan S, Khiali B, Kirn T, Klipfel AP, Kounina O, Kounine A, Koutsenko V, Krasnopevtsev D, Kuhlman A, Kulemzin A, La Vacca G, Laudi E, Laurenti G, LaVecchia G, Lazzizzera I, Lee HT, Lee SC, Li HL, Li JQ, Li M, Li M, Li Q, Li Q, Li QY, Li S, Li SL, Li JH, Li ZH, Liang J, Liang MJ, Lin CH, Lippert T, Liu JH, Lu SQ, Lu YS, Luebelsmeyer K, Luo JZ, Luo SD, Luo X, Mañá C, Marín J, Marquardt J, Martin T, Martínez G, Masi N, Maurin D, Medvedeva T, Menchaca-Rocha A, Meng Q, Molero M, Mott P, Mussolin L, Jozani YN, Negrete J, Nicolaidis R, Nikonov N, Nozzoli F, Ocampo-Peleteiro J, Oliva A, Orcinha M, Ottupara MA, Palermo M, Palmonari F, Paniccia M, Pashnin A, Pauluzzi M, Pensotti S, Plyaskin V, Poluianov S, Qin X, Qu ZY, Quadrani L, Rancoita PG, Rapin D, Conde AR, Robyn E, Rodríguez-García I, Romaneehsen L, Rossi F, Rozhkov A, Rozza D, Sagdeev R, Savin E, Schael S, von Dratzig AS, Schwering G, Seo ES, Shan BS, Siedenburg T, Silvestre G, Song JW, Song XJ, Sonnabend R, Strigari L, Su T, Sun Q, Sun ZT, Tacconi M, Tang XW, Tang ZC, Tian J, Tian Y, Ting SCC, Ting SM, Tomassetti N, Torsti J, Urban T, Usoskin I, Vagelli V, Vainio R, Valencia-Otero M, Valente E, Valtonen E, Vázquez Acosta M, Vecchi M, Velasco M, Vialle JP, Wang CX, Wang L, Wang LQ, Wang NH, Wang QL, Wang S, Wang X, Wang Y, Wang ZM, Wei J, Weng ZL, Wu H, Wu Y, Xiao JN, Xiong RQ, Xiong XZ, Xu W, Yan Q, Yang HT, Yang Y, Yelland A, Yi H, You YH, Yu YM, Yu ZQ, Zhang C, Zhang F, Zhang FZ, Zhang J, Zhang JH, Zhang Z, Zhao F, Zheng C, Zheng ZM, Zhuang HL, Zhukov V, Zichichi A, Zuccon P. Temporal Structures in Positron Spectra and Charge-Sign Effects in Galactic Cosmic Rays. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 131:151002. [PMID: 37897756 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.151002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Revised: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023]
Abstract
We present the precision measurements of 11 years of daily cosmic positron fluxes in the rigidity range from 1.00 to 41.9 GV based on 3.4×10^{6} positrons collected with the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer (AMS) aboard the International Space Station. The positron fluxes show distinctly different time variations from the electron fluxes at short and long timescales. A hysteresis between the electron fluxes and the positron fluxes is observed with a significance greater than 5σ at rigidities below 8.5 GV. On the contrary, the positron fluxes and the proton fluxes show similar time variation. Remarkably, we found that positron fluxes are modulated more than proton fluxes with a significance greater than 5σ for rigidities below 7 GV. These continuous daily positron fluxes, together with AMS daily electron, proton, and helium fluxes over an 11-year solar cycle, provide unique input to the understanding of both the charge-sign and mass dependencies of cosmic rays in the heliosphere.
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Jian X, Chen J, Ding S, Garofalo A, Gong X, Holland C, Huang J, Chan VS, Qin X, Yu G, Ma RR, Du X, Hong R, Staebler G, Wang H, Yan Z, Bass E, Brower D, Ding W, Orlov D. Experimental Validation of a Kinetic Ballooning Mode in High-Performance High-Bootstrap Current Fraction Fusion Plasmas. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 131:145101. [PMID: 37862644 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.145101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
We report the observation of a set of coherent high frequency electromagnetic fluctuations that leads to a turbulence induced self-regulating phenomenon in the DIII-D high bootstrap current fraction plasma. The fluctuations have frequency of 130-220 kHz, the poloidal wavelength and phase velocity are 16-30 m^{-1} and ∼30 km/s, respectively, in the outboard midplane with the estimated toroidal mode number n∼5-9. The fluctuations are located in the internal transport barrier (ITB) region at large radius and are experimentally validated to be kinetic ballooning modes (KBM). Quasilinear estimation predicts the KBM to be able to drive experimental particle flux and non-negligible thermal flux, suggesting its significant role in regulating the ITB saturation.
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Li N, Hu DX, Qin X, Zhu YP, Zhou M, He L, Chang LX, Xu XJ, Dai Y, Cao XY, Chen K, Wang HM, Wang CJ, He YL, Qian XW, Xu LP, Chen J. [Diagnosis status and genetic characteristics analysis of Fanconi anemia in China]. ZHONGHUA ER KE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS 2023; 61:889-895. [PMID: 37803855 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112140-20230606-00383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To analyze the clinical and molecular diagnostic status of Fanconi anemia (FA) in China. Methods: The General situation, clinical manifestations and chromosome breakage test and genetic test results of 107 pediatric FA cases registered in the Chinese Blood and Marrow Transplantation Registry Group (CBMTRG) and the Chinese Children Blood and Marrow Transplantation Registry Group (CCBMTRG) from August 2009 to January 2022 were analyzed retrospectively. Children with FANCA gene variants were divided into mild and severe groups based on the type of variant, and Wilcoxon-test was used to compare the phenotypic differences between groups. Results: Of the 176 registered FA patients, 69 (39.2%) cases were excluded due to lack of definitive genetic diagnosis results, and the remaining 107 children from 15 hospitals were included in the study, including 70 males and 37 females. The age at transplantation treatment were 6 (4, 9) years. The enrolled children were involved in 10 pathogenic genes, including 89 cases of FANCA gene, 7 cases of FANCG gene, 3 cases of FANCB gene, 2 cases of FANCE gene and 1 case each of FANCC, FANCD1, FANCD2, FANCF, FANCJ, and FANCN gene. Compound heterozygous or homozygous of loss-of-function variants account for 69.2% (72/104). Loss-of-function variants account for 79.2% (141/178) in FANCA gene variants, and 20.8% (37/178) were large exon deletions. Fifty-five children (51.4%) had chromosome breakage test records, with a positive rate of 81.8% (45/55). There were 172 congenital malformations in 80 children.Café-au-Lait spots (16.3%, 28/172), thumb deformities (16.3%,28/172), polydactyly (13.9%, 24/172), and short stature (12.2%, 21/172) were the most common congenital malformations in Chinese children with FA. No significant difference was found in the number of congenital malformations between children with severe (50 cases) and mild FANCA variants (26 cases) (Z=-1.33, P=0.185). Conclusions: FANCA gene is the main pathogenic gene in children with FA, where the detection of its exon deletion should be strengthened clinically. There were no phenotypic differences among children with different types of FANCA variants. Chromosome break test is helpful to determine the pathogenicity of variants, but its accuracy needs to be improved.
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Zhang Y, Wang K, Yu H, Zhao T, Lin L, Qin X, Wu T, Chen D, Hu Y, Wu Y. Incidence and characteristics of aspiration pneumonia in adults in Beijing, China, 2011-2017. Public Health 2023; 220:65-71. [PMID: 37270854 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2023.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to estimate aspiration pneumonia (AP) incidence and describe comorbid characteristics and mortality in Beijing, China. STUDY DESIGN A historical cohort study was conducted based on medical claim records. METHODS Patients admitted with a primary diagnosis of AP were identified from approximately 12 million adults who enrolled in the Urban Employee Basic Medical Insurance program in Beijing, China, from January 2011 to December 2017. The incidences of AP and pneumonia with risk factors for aspiration (PRFA) were estimated by a Poisson distribution. The estimated annual percentage change was reported to represent the average percentage change in incidence per year. Characteristics and 6-month and 1-year all-cause mortality rates for AP and suspected AP patients were described and compared with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). RESULTS The incidence rates of hospitalized AP and PRFA were 9.4 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 7.6, 11.3) and 102.9 (95% CI: 95.8, 110.3) per 100,000 person-years, respectively. The incidences increased rapidly with age and were stable across the observed years. Patients with AP and PRFA possessed a greater burden of comorbidities than CAP (mean age-adjusted Charlson comorbidity indices for AP: 7.72, PRFA: 7.83, and CAP: 2.84). The 6-month and 1-year all-cause mortality rates for those with AP and PRFA were higher than those for patients with CAP (6-month mortality, AP: 35.2%, PRFA: 21.8%, CAP: 11.1%; 1-year mortality, AP: 42.7%, PRFA: 26.6%, CAP: 13.2%). CONCLUSIONS The incidence of AP and PRFA in Beijing was reported, presenting a full picture of the disease burden. The results provide baseline information for AP prevention.
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Aguilar M, Ali Cavasonza L, Alpat B, Ambrosi G, Arruda L, Attig N, Bagwell C, Barao F, Barrin L, Bartoloni A, Başeğmez-du Pree S, Battiston R, Belyaev N, Berdugo J, Bertucci B, Bindi V, Bollweg K, Bolster J, Borchiellini M, Borgia B, Boschini MJ, Bourquin M, Bueno EF, Burger J, Burger WJ, Cai XD, Capell M, Casaus J, Castellini G, Cervelli F, Chang YH, Chen GM, Chen GR, Chen H, Chen HS, Chen Y, Cheng L, Chou HY, Chouridou S, Choutko V, Chung CH, Clark C, Coignet G, Consolandi C, Contin A, Corti C, Cui Z, Dadzie K, Dass A, Delgado C, Della Torre S, Demirköz MB, Derome L, Di Falco S, Di Felice V, Díaz C, Dimiccoli F, von Doetinchem P, Dong F, Donnini F, Duranti M, Egorov A, Eline A, Faldi F, Feng J, Fiandrini E, Fisher P, Formato V, Gámez C, García-López RJ, Gargiulo C, Gast H, Gervasi M, Giovacchini F, Gómez-Coral DM, Gong J, Goy C, Grabski V, Grandi D, Graziani M, Guracho AN, Haino S, Han KC, Hashmani RK, He ZH, Heber B, Hsieh TH, Hu JY, Huang BW, Incagli M, Jang WY, Jia Y, Jinchi H, Karagöz G, Khiali B, Kim GN, Kirn T, Kounina O, Kounine A, Koutsenko V, Krasnopevtsev D, Kuhlman A, Kulemzin A, La Vacca G, Laudi E, Laurenti G, LaVecchia G, Lazzizzera I, Lee HT, Lee SC, Li HL, Li JQ, Li M, Li M, Li Q, Li Q, Li QY, Li S, Li SL, Li JH, Li ZH, Liang J, Liang MJ, Lin CH, Lippert T, Liu JH, Lu SQ, Lu YS, Luebelsmeyer K, Luo JZ, Luo SD, Luo X, Machate F, Mañá C, Marín J, Marquardt J, Martin T, Martínez G, Masi N, Maurin D, Medvedeva T, Menchaca-Rocha A, Meng Q, Mikhailov VV, Molero M, Mott P, Mussolin L, Negrete J, Nikonov N, Nozzoli F, Ocampo-Peleteiro J, Oliva A, Orcinha M, Ottupara MA, Palermo M, Palmonari F, Paniccia M, Pashnin A, Pauluzzi M, Pensotti S, Plyaskin V, Poluianov S, Qin X, Qu ZY, Quadrani L, Rancoita PG, Rapin D, Reina Conde A, Robyn E, Romaneehsen L, Rozhkov A, Rozza D, Sagdeev R, Schael S, Schultz von Dratzig A, Schwering G, Seo ES, Shan BS, Siedenburg T, Song JW, Song XJ, Sonnabend R, Strigari L, Su T, Sun Q, Sun ZT, Tacconi M, Tang XW, Tang ZC, Tian J, Tian Y, Ting SCC, Ting SM, Tomassetti N, Torsti J, Urban T, Usoskin I, Vagelli V, Vainio R, Valencia-Otero M, Valente E, Valtonen E, Vázquez Acosta M, Vecchi M, Velasco M, Vialle JP, Wang CX, Wang L, Wang LQ, Wang NH, Wang QL, Wang S, Wang X, Wang Y, Wang ZM, Wei J, Weng ZL, Wu H, Wu Y, Xiao JN, Xiong RQ, Xiong XZ, Xu W, Yan Q, Yang HT, Yang Y, Yashin II, Yelland A, Yi H, You YH, Yu YM, Yu ZQ, Zannoni M, Zhang C, Zhang F, Zhang FZ, Zhang J, Zhang JH, Zhang Z, Zhao F, Zheng C, Zheng ZM, Zhuang HL, Zhukov V, Zichichi A, Zuccon P. Properties of Cosmic-Ray Sulfur and Determination of the Composition of Primary Cosmic-Ray Carbon, Neon, Magnesium, and Sulfur: Ten-Year Results from the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 130:211002. [PMID: 37295095 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.130.211002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We report the properties of primary cosmic-ray sulfur (S) in the rigidity range 2.15 GV to 3.0 TV based on 0.38×10^{6} sulfur nuclei collected by the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer experiment (AMS). We observed that above 90 GV the rigidity dependence of the S flux is identical to the rigidity dependence of Ne-Mg-Si fluxes, which is different from the rigidity dependence of the He-C-O-Fe fluxes. We found that, similar to N, Na, and Al cosmic rays, over the entire rigidity range, the traditional primary cosmic rays S, Ne, Mg, and C all have sizeable secondary components, and the S, Ne, and Mg fluxes are well described by the weighted sum of the primary silicon flux and the secondary fluorine flux, and the C flux is well described by the weighted sum of the primary oxygen flux and the secondary boron flux. The primary and secondary contributions of the traditional primary cosmic-ray fluxes of C, Ne, Mg, and S (even Z elements) are distinctly different from the primary and secondary contributions of the N, Na, and Al (odd Z elements) fluxes. The abundance ratio at the source for S/Si is 0.167±0.006, for Ne/Si is 0.833±0.025, for Mg/Si is 0.994±0.029, and for C/O is 0.836±0.025. These values are determined independent of cosmic-ray propagation.
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Aguilar M, Cavasonza LA, Ambrosi G, Arruda L, Attig N, Bagwell C, Barao F, Barrin L, Bartoloni A, Başeğmez-du Pree S, Battiston R, Behlmann M, Belyaev N, Berdugo J, Bertucci B, Bindi V, Bollweg K, Bolster J, Borgia B, Boschini MJ, Bourquin M, Bueno EF, Burger J, Burger WJ, Burmeister S, Cai XD, Capell M, Casaus J, Castellini G, Cervelli F, Chang YH, Chen GM, Chen GR, Chen HS, Chen Y, Cheng L, Chou HY, Chouridou S, Choutko V, Chung CH, Clark C, Coignet G, Consolandi C, Contin A, Corti C, Cui Z, Dadzie K, Dass A, Delgado C, Della Torre S, Demirköz MB, Derome L, Di Falco S, Di Felice V, Díaz C, Dimiccoli F, von Doetinchem P, Dong F, Donnini F, Duranti M, Egorov A, Eline A, Faldi F, Feng J, Fiandrini E, Fisher P, Formato V, Freeman C, Gámez C, García-López RJ, Gargiulo C, Gast H, Gervasi M, Giovacchini F, Gómez-Coral DM, Gong J, Goy C, Grabski V, Grandi D, Graziani M, Guracho AN, Haino S, Han KC, Hashmani RK, He ZH, Heber B, Hsieh TH, Hu JY, Incagli M, Jang WY, Jia Y, Jinchi H, Karagöz G, Khiali B, Kim GN, Kirn T, Kounina O, Kounine A, Koutsenko V, Krasnopevtsev D, Kuhlman A, Kulemzin A, La Vacca G, Laudi E, Laurenti G, LaVecchia G, Lazzizzera I, Lee HT, Lee SC, Li HL, Li JQ, Li M, Li Q, Li QY, Li S, Li SL, Li JH, Li ZH, Liang J, Liang MJ, Light C, Lin CH, Lippert T, Liu JH, Lu SQ, Lu YS, Luebelsmeyer K, Luo JZ, Luo X, Machate F, Mañá C, Marín J, Marquardt J, Martin T, Martínez G, Masi N, Maurin D, Medvedeva T, Menchaca-Rocha A, Meng Q, Mikhailov VV, Molero M, Mott P, Mussolin L, Negrete J, Nikonov N, Nozzoli F, Ocampo-Peleteiro J, Oliva A, Orcinha M, Palermo M, Palmonari F, Paniccia M, Pashnin A, Pauluzzi M, Pensotti S, Plyaskin V, Pohl M, Poluianov S, Qin X, Qu ZY, Quadrani L, Rancoita PG, Rapin D, Conde AR, Robyn E, Rosier-Lees S, Rozhkov A, Rozza D, Sagdeev R, Schael S, von Dratzig AS, Schwering G, Seo ES, Shan BS, Siedenburg T, Song JW, Song XJ, Sonnabend R, Strigari L, Su T, Sun Q, Sun ZT, Tacconi M, Tang XW, Tang ZC, Tian J, Ting SCC, Ting SM, Tomassetti N, Torsti J, Urban T, Usoskin I, Vagelli V, Vainio R, Valencia-Otero M, Valente E, Valtonen E, Vázquez Acosta M, Vecchi M, Velasco M, Vialle JP, Wang CX, Wang L, Wang LQ, Wang NH, Wang QL, Wang S, Wang X, Wang Y, Wang ZM, Wei J, Weng ZL, Wu H, Xiong RQ, Xu W, Yan Q, Yang Y, Yashin II, Yelland A, Yi H, Yu YM, Yu ZQ, Zannoni M, Zhang C, Zhang F, Zhang FZ, Zhang JH, Zhang Z, Zhao F, Zheng C, Zheng ZM, Zhuang HL, Zhukov V, Zichichi A, Zuccon P. Temporal Structures in Electron Spectra and Charge Sign Effects in Galactic Cosmic Rays. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 130:161001. [PMID: 37154630 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.130.161001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
We present the precision measurements of 11 years of daily cosmic electron fluxes in the rigidity interval from 1.00 to 41.9 GV based on 2.0×10^{8} electrons collected with the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer (AMS) aboard the International Space Station. The electron fluxes exhibit variations on multiple timescales. Recurrent electron flux variations with periods of 27 days, 13.5 days, and 9 days are observed. We find that the electron fluxes show distinctly different time variations from the proton fluxes. Remarkably, a hysteresis between the electron flux and the proton flux is observed with a significance of greater than 6σ at rigidities below 8.5 GV. Furthermore, significant structures in the electron-proton hysteresis are observed corresponding to sharp structures in both fluxes. This continuous daily electron data provide unique input to the understanding of the charge sign dependence of cosmic rays over an 11-year solar cycle.
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Qin X, Tian C, Meng F. Comparative Transcriptome Analysis Reveals the Effect of the DHN Melanin Biosynthesis Pathway on the Appressorium Turgor Pressure of the Poplar Anthracnose-Causing Fungus Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087411. [PMID: 37108573 PMCID: PMC10138971 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Anthracnose of poplar caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides is a leaf disease that seriously affects poplar growth. The pathogen invades the host in the form of adherent cells, which generate turgor pressure through the metabolism of intracellular substances prior to penetrating the epidermis of poplar leaves. In this study, the expansion-related pressure of the mature appressorium of the wild-type C. gloeosporioides was approximately 13.02 ± 1.54 MPa at 12 h, whereas it was 7.34 ± 1.23 MPa and 9.34 ± 2.22 MPa in the melanin synthesis-related gene knockout mutants ΔCgCmr1 and ΔCgPks1, respectively. The CgCmr1 and CgPks1 genes were highly expressed at 12 h in the wild-type control, implying that the DHN melanin biosynthesis pathway may play an important role in the mature appressorium stage. The transcriptome sequencing analysis indicated that the upregulated melanin biosynthesis genes in C. gloeosporioides, such as CgScd1, CgAyg1, CgThr1, CgThr2, and CgLac1, are involved in specific KEGG pathways (i.e., fatty acid biosynthesis, fatty acid metabolism, and biotin metabolism). Therefore, we speculate that the melanin synthesis-related genes and fatty acid metabolism pathway genes contribute to the regulation of the turgor pressure in the mature C. gloeosporioides appressorium, ultimately leading to the formation of infection pegs that enter plant tissues. These observations may reflect the co-evolution of C. gloeosporioides and its host.
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Wu S, Xue Q, Qin X, Wu X, Kim P, Chyr J, Zhou X, Huang L. The Potential Regulation of A-to-I RNA Editing on Genes in Parkinson's Disease. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:genes14040919. [PMID: 37107677 PMCID: PMC10137963 DOI: 10.3390/genes14040919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by dopaminergic neurodegeneration and an abnormal accumulation of α-synuclein aggregates. A number of genetic factors have been shown to increase the risk of PD. Exploring the underlying molecular mechanisms that mediate PD's transcriptomic diversity can help us understand neurodegenerative pathogenesis. In this study, we identified 9897 A-to-I RNA editing events associated with 6286 genes across 372 PD patients. Of them, 72 RNA editing events altered miRNA binding sites and this may directly affect miRNA regulations of their host genes. However, RNA editing effects on the miRNA regulation of genes are more complex. They can (1) abolish existing miRNA binding sites, which allows miRNAs to regulate other genes; (2) create new miRNA binding sites that may sequester miRNAs from regulating other genes; or (3) occur in the miRNA seed regions and change their targets. The first two processes are also referred to as miRNA competitive binding. In our study, we found 8 RNA editing events that may alter the expression of 1146 other genes via miRNA competition. We also found one RNA editing event that modified a miRNA seed region, which was predicted to disturb the regulation of four genes. Considering the PD-related functions of the affected genes, 25 A-to-I RNA editing biomarkers for PD are proposed, including the 3 editing events in the EIF2AK2, APOL6, and miR-4477b seed regions. These biomarkers may alter the miRNA regulation of 133 PD-related genes. All these analyses reveal the potential mechanisms and regulations of RNA editing in PD pathogenesis.
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Zhou C, Luo CY, Wang JM, Luo CJ, Qin X, Huang XH, Chen J. [Therapeutic efficacy of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome in 60 children]. ZHONGHUA ER KE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS 2023; 61:351-356. [PMID: 37011982 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112140-20220810-00720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) for Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome (WAS), and to analyze the factors related to the outcomes. Methods: The clinical data of 60 children with WAS received HSCT in Shanghai Children's Medical Center from January 2006 to December 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. All cases were treated with a myeloablative conditioning regimen with busulfan and cyclophosphamide, and a graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) prevention regimen based on cyclosporine and methotrexate. Implantation, GVHD, transplant-related complications, immune reconstitution and survival rate were observed. Survival analysis was performed by Kaplan-Meier method, and Log-Rank method was used for univariate comparison. Results: The 60 male patients had main clinical features as infection and bleeding. The age at diagnosis was 0.4 (0.3, 0.8) years, and the age at transplantation was 1.1 (0.6, 2.1) years. There were 20 cases of human leukocyte antigen matched transplantation and 40 mismatched transplantation; 35 patients received peripheral blood HSCT, and 25 cord blood HSCT. All cases were fully implanted. The incidence of acute GVHD (aGVHD) was 48% (29/60) and only 2 (7%) developed aGVHD of grade Ⅲ; the incidence of chronic GVHD (cGVHD) was 23% (13/56), and all cases were limited. The incidence of CMV and EBV infection was 35% (21/60) and 33% (20/60) respectively; and 7 patients developed CMV retinitis. The incidence of sinus obstruction syndrome was 8% (5/60), of whom 2 patients died. There were 7 cases (12%) of autoimmune hemocytopenia after transplantation. Natural killer cells were the earliest to recover after transplantation, and B cells and CD4+T cells returned to normal at about 180 days post HSCT. The 5-year overall survival rate (OS) of this group was 93% (95%CI 86%-99%), and the event free survial rate (EFS) was 87% (95%CI 78%-95%). EFS of non-CMV reactivation group is higher than that of CMV reactivation group (95% (37/39) vs.71% (15/21), χ2=5.22, P=0.022). Conclusions: The therapeutic efficacy of HSCT for WAS is satisfying, and the early application of HSCT in typical cases can achieve better outcome. CMV infection is the main factor affecting disease-free survival rate, which can be improved by strengthening the management of complications.
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Li W, Yang N, Li K, Fan H, Yu Q, Wu H, Wang Y, Meng X, Wu J, Wang Z, Liu Y, Wang X, Qin X, Lu K, Zhuang W, He S, Janne P, Seto T, Ou SH, Zhou C. 14MO Updated efficacy and safety of taletrectinib in patients (pts) with ROS1+ non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). J Thorac Oncol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/s1556-0864(23)00268-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
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Zhang Q, Sun X, Hou Y, Gao X, Shen K, Qin X. New insight on the correlation of immune landscapes with immune markers expression in different risk classification of gastrointestinal stromal tumors. J Gastroenterol 2023; 58:527-539. [PMID: 36961557 DOI: 10.1007/s00535-023-01981-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The immune landscapes of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are still unclear. We aimed to explore the immune status of GISTs with different recurrence risks and sought potential immunotherapeutic targets. METHODS Immune cell infiltration and the expression of 93 tumor markers of 65 GISTs with different recurrence risks from public datasets were analyzed via bioinformatic methods. Infiltrating immune cell and OX40L expression of 417 patients from the Zhongshan cohort were analyzed by immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence. The clinicopathological data of the patients were collected and the prognostic factors were analyzed by univariate and multivariate methods. RESULTS Macrophages, T cells and NK cells were the most abundant immune cells in tumor microenvironment. OX40L was the only differentially expressed marker in high- and low-risk patients, as well as in patients with primary and recurrent GIST. The positive rate of OX40L in GIST was 54%. OX40L was highly expressed in patients with no metastasis, low mitotic index and relapse risk. The amount of CD68 + macrophages was the independent factor of OX40L expression. The OX40L expression was positively correlated with M2 and resting mast cells. OX40L co-located with CD4 + T cells, M2 and activated mast cells. Patients with high OX40L levels experienced more prolonged relapse-free survival (RFS). CONCLUSIONS We first reported that GIST cells could express OX40L, patients with high OX40L experienced longer RFS. The colocalization of OX40L with immune cells indicates that OX40L could be a promising potential target for immunotherapy in GIST.
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Zhang Z, Zhen K, Li W, Qin X, Qu J, Shi Y, Xu R, Xu Y, Shen D, Du J, Cai C, Zhai Z, Wang C. Validation of the IMPROVE bleeding risk assessment model in surgical patients: Results from the DissolVE-2 Study. Thromb Res 2023; 223:69-77. [PMID: 36708692 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2023.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION IMPROVE Bleeding Risk Score (BRS) is known to be validated and widely accepted in medical patients. However, its relevance in surgical patients has so far not been explored. External validation of the IMPROVE BRS on bleeding in surgical patients can hopefully improve clinical practice (for surgical patients). METHODS Data from 6986 surgical patients were collected from the DissolVE-2 cohort. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to assess the incidences of major bleeding and any bleeding among surgical patients within 14 days of admission. A cut-off value of BRS ≥7 indicated a higher risk of bleeding. Risk factors associated with major and any bleeding were analysed by the Cox regression method. Model discrimination was evaluated by area under the receiver operator characteristic curves (AUC). Calibration curves and Hosmer-Lemeshow χ2 statistics were used to measure the difference between predicted and observed bleeding risks. RESULTS A total of 6399 surgical patients were included in the final validation cohort. The cumulative incidence rate of any bleeding was 3.9 % (95 % confidence interval [CI], 3.4-4.5), of which the incidence rate of major bleeding was 1.2 % (95 % CI, 0.9-1.6). Among patients with a BRS of ≥7, 16.3 % reported any bleeding, and 26.3 % reported major bleeding. The IMPROVE BRS had a better discriminative power (AUC = 0.69) and excellent goodness of fit (Hosmer-Lemeshow test, P = 0.208) for the prediction of major bleeding events as compared with any bleeding (AUC = 0.55; Hosmer-Lemeshow test, P = 0.004). The calibration plot suggested a more accurate prediction for major bleeding events. Moreover, the IMPROVE BRS had a higher AUC value of 0.83 and better goodness of fit (P = 0.2616) for major bleeding in patients undergoing abdominal surgery than other surgery types. CONCLUSION The IMPROVE BRS is a simple and practical technique that can help in predicting the risk of major bleeding in surgical patients, improving functional and safety outcomes of hospitalized patients with surgery.
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He D, Pan C, Zhao Y, Wei W, Qin X, Cai Q, Shi S, Chu X, Zhang N, Jia Y, Wen Y, Cheng B, Liu H, Feng R, Zhang F, Xu P. Exome-wide screening identifies novel rare risk variants for bone mineral density. Osteoporos Int 2023; 34:965-975. [PMID: 36849660 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-023-06710-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Bone mineral density (BMD) is an independent risk factor of osteoporosis-related fractures. We performed gene-based burden tests to assess the association between rare variants and BMD, and identified several BMD candidate genes. PURPOSE BMD is highly heritable and a major predictor of osteoporotic fractures, but its genetic basis remains unclear. We aimed to identify rare risk variants contributing to BMD. METHODS Utilizing the newly released UK Biobank 200,643 exome dataset, we conducted a gene-based exome-wide association study in males and females, respectively. First, 100,639 males and 117,338 females with BMD values were included in the polygenic risk scores (PRS) analysis. Among individuals with lower 30% PRS, cases were individuals with top 10% BMD, and individuals with bottom 10% BMD were the controls. Considering the effects of vitamin D (VD), individuals with the highest 30% VD concentration were selected for VD-BMD analysis. After quality control, 741 males and 697 females were included in the BMD analysis, and 717 males and 708 females were included in the VD-BMD analysis. The variants were annotated by ANNOVAR software, then BMD and VD-BMD qualified variants were imported into the SKAT R-package to perform gene-based burden tests, respectively. RESULTS The gene-based burden test of the exonic variants identified genome-wide candidate associations in ANKRD18A (P = 1.60 × 10-5, PBonferroni adjust = 2.11 × 10-3), C22orf31 (P = 3.49 × 10-4, PBonferroni adjust = 3.17 × 10-2), and SPATC1L (P = 1.09 × 10-5, PBonferroni adjust = 8.80 × 10-3). For VD-BMD analysis, three genes were associated with BMD, such as NIPAL1 (P = 1.06 × 10-3, PBonferroni adjust = 3.91 × 10-2). CONCLUSIONS Our study suggested that rare variants contribute to BMD, providing new sights for broadening the genetic structure of BMD.
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Liu C, Meng Q, Zu C, Li R, Yang S, He P, Li H, Zhang YY, Zhou C, Liu M, Ye Z, Wu Q, Zhang YJ, Gan X, Qin X. U-shaped association between dietary thiamine intake and new-onset diabetes: a nationwide cohort study. QJM 2022; 115:822-829. [PMID: 35894803 PMCID: PMC9744247 DOI: 10.1093/qjmed/hcac159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Revised: 06/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association between dietary thiamine intake and the risk of diabetes remains unknown. AIM We aimed to evaluate the relation of dietary thiamine intake with new-onset diabetes and examine possible effect modifiers. DESIGN Prospective cohort study. METHODS A total of 16 272 participants who were free of diabetes at baseline were enrolled from China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS). Dietary nutrients intake information was collected by 3-day dietary recalls in addition to using a 3-day food-weighed method to assess cooking oil and condiment consumption. New-onset diabetes was defined as a fasting blood glucose ≥7.0 mmol/l or a glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) ≥6.5% (48 mmol/mol) or diagnosed by a physician during the follow-up. RESULTS During a median follow-up duration of 9.0 years, new-onset diabetes occurred in 1101 participants. Overall, the association between dietary thiamine intake and new-onset diabetes followed a U-shape (P for non-linearity <0.001). Consistently, when thiamine intake was assessed as quartiles, compared with those in the 2-3 quartiles (0.75 to 1.10 mg/day), the significantly higher risks of new-onset diabetes were found in participants in the first quartile [adjusted hazard ratio (HR), 1.33; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.10, 1.61] and the fourth quartile (adjusted HR, 1.39; 95% CI: 1.17, 1.67). Similar results were found when further adjusting for the intake of other major nutrients or food groups; or using the propensity score weighting to control the imbalance of covariates. CONCLUSION Our results suggested that there was a U-shape association between dietary thiamine intake and new-onset diabetes in general Chinese adults, with a minimal risk at 0.75-1.10 mg/day.
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Zhong Z, He P, Hua H, Bai H, Zhang H, Lu S, Qiu W, Gu Y, Qin X. Investigating the mechanism of interactive regulation of B-cell lymphoma-2/Beclin 1 through electroacupuncture intervention during reperfusion in myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in a rat model. JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY : AN OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE POLISH PHYSIOLOGICAL SOCIETY 2022; 73. [PMID: 37087569 DOI: 10.26402/jpp.2022.6.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/31/2022] [Indexed: 04/24/2023]
Abstract
To observe the regulation of B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2)/Beclin 1 interaction through electroacupuncture (EA) intervention during reperfusion and to investigate the EA mechanism of apoptosis-autophagy interactive regulation against myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI). A total of 48 adult Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into the sham-operated group (group Sham), the model group (group Model), the EA group (group EA), and the JNK inhibitor (SP600125) group (group JNK), with 12 rats in each group. Biospecimens were collected randomly from six rats in each group four hours after reperfusion. Evans Blue and triphenyl tetrazolium chloride double-staining were applied to observe each group's myocardial damage area and risk area. We collected 4 ml of blood by abdominal aortic method to detect serum troponin cTnI level by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). For the remaining six in each group, a part of myocardial tissue below the ligation line was stored in 4% paraformaldehyde for immunohistochemistry and TUNEL staining; the other amount of myocardial tissue was detected by Western blotting to determine the expression levels of Bcl-2, Beclin1, and the phosphorylation levels of Thr69, Ser70, and Ser87 in Bcl-2. In results: electroacupuncture (EA) intervention during reperfusion significantly reduced the myocardial infarction area, cTnI level, and myocardial apoptosis, upregulated Bcl-2 expression, downregulated Beclin 1 expression and inhibited phosphorylation levels of Thr69, Ser70, and Ser87 in Bcl-2. We concluded that EA effectively inhibited apoptosis by upregulating Bcl-2 expression and inhibiting the phosphorylation of Thr69, Ser70, and Ser87 in Bcl-2. This reduced the separation of Bcl-2 and Beclin 1, restrains excessive autophagy, alleviates MIRI, and has a protective effect on myocardial tissue.
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Nattress C, Vlckova P, Fowler D, Sufi J, Ramos Zapatero M, Cardoso Rodriguez F, Campbell A, Southern Navarrete A, Qin X, Opzoomer J, Barisa M, Fisher J, Tape C. 41P Single-cell signalling analysis of engineered γδ T cell biotherapeutics for the treatment of colorectal cancer. IMMUNO-ONCOLOGY AND TECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.iotech.2022.100146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Hu Y, Huang Z, Wang Y, Liang H, Pan XJ, Chen YP, Yuan L, Yang SY, Chen JJ, Chen YY, Yan XM, Tao Q, Qin X, Lyu HK. [The surveillance analysis of the adverse events following immunization of the domestic 13-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide conjugate vaccine in Zhejiang Province]. ZHONGHUA YU FANG YI XUE ZA ZHI [CHINESE JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE] 2022; 56:1625-1629. [PMID: 36372754 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20211115-01049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
To evaluate the safety of the domestic 13-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide conjugate vaccine-tetanus toxoid protein (PCV13-TT) after its licensure. The adverse event following immunization (AEFI) and the vaccination data of PCV13-TT in Zhejiang province from July 2020 to October 2021 were collected from national adverse event following immunization surveillance system and Zhejiang provincial immunization information system. Descriptive epidemiological method was used for this analysis. From July 2020 to October 2021, 302 317 doses of PCV13-TT were administered in children under 6 years old in Zhejiang Province and 636 AEFI case reports were received, with a reporting rate of 21.04 per 10 000 doses. Of these AEFI cases, 97.17% were mild vaccine product-related reaction (20.54 per 10 000 doses) and 95.44% occurred in the 0-1 d after vaccination (20.08 per 10 000 doses). The most common clinical diagnoses of AEFI included fever (224 cases), redness (204 cases), and induration (190 cases), while allergic rash (11 cases) was the most common diagnosis among the abnormal reactions. In conclusion,the present results bolstered that the domestic PCV13-TT was generally well tolerated in children under 6 years old in Zhejiang Province.
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Zhang Q, Sun X, Sun J, Lu J, Gao X, Shen K, Qin X. RNA m 5C regulator-mediated modification patterns and the cross-talk between tumor microenvironment infiltration in gastric cancer. Front Immunol 2022; 13:905057. [PMID: 36389669 PMCID: PMC9646743 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.905057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
The effect of immunotherapy strategy has been affirmed in the treatment of various tumors. Nevertheless, the latent role of RNA 5-methylcytosine (m5C) modification in gastric cancer (GC) tumor microenvironment (TME) cell infiltration is still unclear. We systematically explore the m5C modification patterns of 2,122 GC patients from GEO and TCGA databases by 16 m5C regulators and related these patterns to TME characteristics. LASSO Cox regression was employed to construct the m5Cscore based on the expression of regulators and DEGs, which was used to evaluate the prognosis. All the GC patients were divided into three m5C modification clusters with distinct gene expression characteristics and TME patterns. GSVA, ssGSEA, and TME cell infiltration analysis showed that m5C clusters A, B, and C were classified as immune-desert, immune-inflamed, and immune-excluded phenotype, respectively. The m5Cscore system based on the expression of eight genes could effectively predict the prognosis of individual GC patients, with AUC 0.766. Patients with a lower m5Cscore were characterized by the activation of immunity and experienced significantly longer PFS and OS. Our study demonstrated the non-negligible role of m5C modification in the development of TME complexity and inhomogeneity. Assessing the m5C modification pattern for individual GC patients will help recognize the infiltration characterization and guide more effective immunotherapy treatment.
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Xiang L, Yang YY, Qin X, Wang Y, Wang W. [Interpretation of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in children receiving hematopoietic cell transplantation and immune effector cell therapy: an international and multidisciplinary consensus statement]. ZHONGHUA ER KE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS 2022; 60:998-1001. [PMID: 36207845 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112140-20220325-00244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
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Qin X, McKee G, Yan Z, Geiger B, Ke R, Jaehnig K, Morton L, Wu Y, Wu T, Xu M. Integrated 2D beam emission spectroscopy diagnostic at the Huan-Liuqi-2A (HL-2A) tokamak. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2022; 93:103535. [PMID: 36319390 DOI: 10.1063/5.0101806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Two newly developed, eight-channel, integrated Beam Emission Spectroscopy (BES) detectors have been installed at Huan-Liuqi-2A tokamak, which extends the existing 16 single-channel modular BES system with additional 16 spatial channels. The BES collects the Doppler-shifted Balmer Dα emission with a spatial resolution of 1 cm (radial) × 1.5 cm (poloidal) and a temporal resolution of 0.5 µs to measure long-wavelength (k⊥ρi < 1) density fluctuations. Compared to the modular BES, the dark noise of the integrated BES is reduced by 50%-60% on average. The signal-to-noise ratio of the integrated BES system is optimized by the high light throughput front-end optics, high quantum efficiency photodiodes, high-gain, low-noise preamplifiers, and sufficient cooling capacity provided by the thermoelectric cooling (TEC) units that maintain the detectors at -20 °C. Crosstalk between channels that share the same optical system is found to be negligible. High-quality density fluctuation data enables 2D (radial-poloidal) imaging of turbulence, which allows for multi-channel spectral analysis, multi-channel cross-correlation analysis and velocimetry analysis. Preliminary results show that BES successfully captures the spatiotemporal features of the local turbulence and obtains statistically consistent turbulence characterization results.
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