Spatial aggregation in gravity models: 2. One-dimensional population density models

"This paper, the second of four, is concerned with applying a methodology for analysing the spatial aggregation problem in gravity models outlined in the first paper. The methodology is based on a consistent framework for linking measures of pattern in interaction data to the derivation and estimation of related interaction models using spatial information. In this quest, a link is forged between information in data and the parameters of an associated model.... This relationship can be formalised for the case of the continuous one-dimensional interaction model such as the population density model, and this paper is concerned with demonstrating such an application to aggregations of zones in the Reading [England] region."

Falling household size and its effect on metropolitan population growth and density

"In determining metropolitan population size and changes therein, urban theorists traditionally have focused on the number of occupied dwelling units or households and have assumed that these households are equal in size. This paper argues that average household size is an indicator of how intensively the housing stock is utilized and that there is substantial variation in household size across SMSAs in the U.S. The experience of 150 SMSAs is examined for the time period 1960 to 1970. The study model attributes varying household size to differentials in birth and divorce rates, racial composition and age of housing. Ramifications of recent household size declines involve the internal spatial organization of metropolitan areas and the Census controversy with cities over alleged undercounts of urban populations."

Population concentration: a consideration of density measures and correlates

"The purpose of the paper is to explore the nature of association of certain external and internal density measures with each other and with a set of selected variables in four states of India. Pearson's Simple Coefficient of Correlations and Stepwise Multiple Regression were used for analysis of data. The results reinforce the notion of a clear distinction between external and internal density measures and their associative factors in India; the two measures of internal density, although highly correlated, were found to have varied relevance to the dependent variables."

Urban population density: a comment

The poor results obtained with certain members of the quadratic gamma family is shown to be due to a specification error in most of the members of that family. By choosing a more admissible travel-cost function, the displaced quadratic gamma function is derived, which does not contain this specification error.