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Menz A, Fraune C, Sauter G, Simon R, Uhlig R, Bernreuther C, Lebok P, Rico SD. GATA3 expression in human tumours: a tissue microarray study on 13,204 tumours. Pathology 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pathol.2021.06.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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52
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Rehfeld M, Matschke J, Hagel C, Willenborg K, Glatzel M, Bernreuther C. Differential expression of stem cell markers in proliferating cells in glioma. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2021; 147:2969-2982. [PMID: 34170383 PMCID: PMC8397690 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-021-03704-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Purpose The identification of prognostically and therapeutically relevant molecular markers is fundamental to the further development of personalised therapies in brain tumours. Current therapeutic options for the treatment of gliomas rely mainly on surgical resection and the inhibition of tumour cell proliferation by irradiation and chemotherapy. Glioma stem cells are a subpopulation of proliferating tumour cells that have self-renewal capacity and can give rise to heterogeneous cells that comprise the tumour and are thought to play a role in the resistance of gliomas to therapy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression of markers of glioma stem cells and differentiated glial cells in proliferating glioma cells in comparison to the overall expression of the respective markers in the tumour tissue. Methods Tissue microarrays were assembled from specimen of pilocytic astrocytoma, diffuse astrocytoma, anaplastic astrocytoma, glioblastoma, oligodendroglioma, anaplastic oligodendroglioma, ependymoma, and anaplastic ependymoma. These were immunohistochemically double stained with antibodies against the proliferation-associated antigen Ki67 and marker proteins for glioma stem cells (CD133, Nestin, Musashi, CD15, CD44), and differentiated glioma cells (GFAP, MAP2c). Results The expression of both glial and glioma stem cell markers differs between proliferating and non-proliferating glioma cells. Furthermore, the proliferating cells in the different glial tumour entities show a different expression profile. Conclusion Further analysis of marker expression in proliferating glioma cells and correlation with clinical outcome and susceptibility to irradiation and chemotherapy might help establish new biomarkers and therapies for glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marten Rehfeld
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jakob Matschke
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christian Hagel
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Kerstin Willenborg
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Markus Glatzel
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christian Bernreuther
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany. .,Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
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Rico SD, Schmalfeldt B, Müller V, Wölber L, Witzel I, Paluchowski P, von Leffern I, Heilenkötter U, Jacobsen F, Bernreuther C, Clauditz T, Simon R, Steurer S, Burandt E, Marx AH, Krech T. MUC5AC expression is linked to mucinous/endometroid subtype, absence of nodal metastasis and mismatch repair deficiency in ovarian cancer. Pathol Res Pract 2021; 224:153533. [PMID: 34171599 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2021.153533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Mucin 5AC (MUC5AC) is a secreted gel-forming mucin which is expressed by mucus producing cells of several organs but can also be found in cancer cells of the ovary, pancreas, and gastrointestinal tract. This study aimed to characterize the expression of MUC5AC and its potential prognostic implications in different ovarian cancer subtypes. MUC5AC expression was analyzed by immunohistochemistry on a tissue microarray containing 603 ovarian cancers. MUC5AC was commonly expressed in mucinous (27/36; 75%) and endometrioid (12/39; 31%) carcinomas, whereas malignant mixed Mullerian tumors (2/27; 7%), high-grade serous (20/373; 5%) and clear cell carcinomas (1/28; 4%) were only rarely MUC5AC positive and also showed lower expression levels. MUC5AC positive endometroid carcinomas and high-grade serous carcinomas lacked lymph node metastases (p = 0.0495 and p = 0.0216) suggesting a more favorable prognosis. Deficient mismatch repair (dMMR), associated with a favorable prognosis in different cancer types, was found in 4/39 (10%) MUC5AC positive cancers but in only 5/375 (1%) of MUC5AC negative cancers (p = 0.0052). In subgroup analyses MUC5AC positive endometroid carcinomas more frequently showed dMMR (4/10; 40%) as opposed to MUC5AC negative endometroid carcinomas (3/23; 13%; p = 0.0932). In summary, the results of our study show that MUC5AC expression is associated with mucinous and endometrioid ovarian carcinomas, lack of nodal metastases and dMMR. MUC5AC expressing ovarian cancers should be evaluated for dMMR.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Barbara Schmalfeldt
- Department of Gynecology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Volkmar Müller
- Department of Gynecology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Linn Wölber
- Department of Gynecology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Isabell Witzel
- Department of Gynecology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Peter Paluchowski
- Department of Gynecology, Regio Clinic Pinneberg, Pinneberg, Germany
| | | | - Uwe Heilenkötter
- Department of Gynecology, Regio Clinic Itzehoe, Itzehoe, Germany
| | - Frank Jacobsen
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christian Bernreuther
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Till Clauditz
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ronald Simon
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Stefan Steurer
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Eike Burandt
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Andreas H Marx
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Department of Pathology, Academic Hospital Fuerth, Fuerth, Germany
| | - Till Krech
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Institute of Pathology, Clinical Center Osnabrueck, Osnabrueck, Germany
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54
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Menz A, Bauer R, Kluth M, Marie von Bargen C, Gorbokon N, Viehweger F, Lennartz M, Völkl C, Fraune C, Uhlig R, Hube-Magg C, De Wispelaere N, Minner S, Sauter G, Kind S, Simon R, Burandt E, Clauditz T, Lebok P, Jacobsen F, Steurer S, Wilczak W, Krech T, Marx AH, Bernreuther C. Diagnostic and prognostic impact of cytokeratin 19 expression analysis in human tumors: a tissue microarray study of 13,172 tumors. Hum Pathol 2021; 115:19-36. [PMID: 34102222 DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2021.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
To evaluate cytokeratin 19 (CK19) expression in normal and cancerous tissues, 15,977 samples from 122 tumor types and 608 samples of 76 normal tissue types were analyzed by immunohistochemistry (IHC). In normal tissues, CK19 expression occurred in epithelial cells of most glandular organs but was strictly limited to the basal cell layer of nonkeratinizing squamous epithelium and absent in the skin. CK19 expression in ≥90% of cases was seen in 34% of the tumor entities including the adenocarcinomas of the pancreas (99.4%), colorectum (99.8%), esophagus (98.7%), and stomach (97.7%), as well as breast cancer (90.0%-100%), high-grade serous (99.1%) or endometrioid (97.8%) ovarian cancer, and urothelial carcinoma (92.6%-100%). A low CK19 positivity rate (0.1-10%) was seen in 5 of 122 tumor entities including hepatocellular carcinoma and seminoma. A comparison of tumor versus normal tissue findings demonstrated that upregulation and downregulation of CK19 can occur in cancer and that both alterations can be linked to unfavorable phenotypes. CK19 downregulation was linked to high grade (p = 0.0017) and loss of estrogen receptor- and progesterone receptor-expression (p < 0.0001 each) in invasive breast carcinoma of no special type. CK19 upregulation was linked to nodal metastases in neuroendocrine tumors and papillary thyroid carcinomas (p < 0.05 each) and to poor grade in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (p < 0.05). CK19 upregulation was particularly common in squamous cell carcinomas. We concluded that CK19 IHC might separate primary liver cell carcinoma from liver metastases, seminoma from other testicular tumors, and helps in the detection of early neoplastic transformation in squamous epithelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Menz
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Rifka Bauer
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Martina Kluth
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Clara Marie von Bargen
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Natalia Gorbokon
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Florian Viehweger
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Maximilian Lennartz
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Cosima Völkl
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christoph Fraune
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ria Uhlig
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Claudia Hube-Magg
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Noémi De Wispelaere
- Department and Clinic of Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sarah Minner
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Guido Sauter
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Simon Kind
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ronald Simon
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Eike Burandt
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Till Clauditz
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Patrick Lebok
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Frank Jacobsen
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Steurer
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Waldemar Wilczak
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Till Krech
- Institute of Pathology, Clinical Center Osnabrueck, 49076 Osnabrueck, Germany
| | - Andreas H Marx
- Department of Pathology, Academic Hospital Fuerth, 90766 Fuerth Germany
| | - Christian Bernreuther
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
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55
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Burandt E, Lübbersmeyer F, Gorbokon N, Büscheck F, Luebke AM, Menz A, Kluth M, Hube-Magg C, Hinsch A, Höflmayer D, Weidemann S, Fraune C, Möller K, Jacobsen F, Lebok P, Clauditz TS, Sauter G, Simon R, Uhlig R, Wilczak W, Steurer S, Minner S, Krech R, Dum D, Krech T, Marx AH, Bernreuther C. E-Cadherin expression in human tumors: a tissue microarray study on 10,851 tumors. Biomark Res 2021; 9:44. [PMID: 34090526 PMCID: PMC8180156 DOI: 10.1186/s40364-021-00299-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The E-Cadherin gene (CDH1, Cadherin 1), located at 16q22.1 encodes for a calcium-dependent membranous glycoprotein with an important role in cellular adhesion and polarity maintenance. METHODS To systematically determine E-Cadherin protein expression in normal and cancerous tissues, 14,637 tumor samples from 112 different tumor types and subtypes as well as 608 samples of 76 different normal tissue types were analyzed by immunohistochemistry in a tissue microarray format. RESULTS E-Cadherin was strongly expressed in normal epithelial cells of most organs. From 77 tumor entities derived from cell types normally positive for E-Cadherin, 35 (45.5%) retained at least a weak E-Cadherin immunostaining in ≥99% of cases and 61 (79.2%) in ≥90% of cases. Tumors with the highest rates of E-Cadherin loss included Merkel cell carcinoma, anaplastic thyroid carcinoma, lobular carcinoma of the breast, and sarcomatoid and small cell neuroendocrine carcinomas of the urinary bladder. Reduced E-Cadherin expression was linked to higher grade (p = 0.0009), triple negative receptor status (p = 0.0336), and poor prognosis (p = 0.0466) in invasive breast carcinoma of no special type, triple negative receptor status in lobular carcinoma of the breast (p = 0.0454), advanced pT stage (p = 0.0047) and lymph node metastasis in colorectal cancer (p < 0.0001), and was more common in recurrent than in primary prostate cancer (p < 0.0001). Of 29 tumor entities derived from E-Cadherin negative normal tissues, a weak to strong E-Cadherin staining could be detected in at least 10% of cases in 15 different tumor entities (51.7%). Tumors with the highest frequency of E-Cadherin upregulation included various subtypes of testicular germ cell tumors and renal cell carcinomas (RCC). E-Cadherin upregulation was more commonly seen in malignant than in benign soft tissue tumors (p = 0.0104) and was associated with advanced tumor stage (p = 0.0276) and higher grade (p = 0.0035) in clear cell RCC, and linked to advanced tumor stage (p = 0.0424) and poor prognosis in papillary RCC (p ≤ 0.05). CONCLUSION E-Cadherin is consistently expressed in various epithelial cancers. Down-regulation or loss of E-Cadherin expression in cancers arising from E-Cadherin positive tissues as well as E-Cadherin neo-expression in cancers arising from E-Cadherin negative tissues is linked to cancer progression and may reflect tumor dedifferentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eike Burandt
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Felix Lübbersmeyer
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Natalia Gorbokon
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Franziska Büscheck
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Andreas M Luebke
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Anne Menz
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Martina Kluth
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Claudia Hube-Magg
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Andrea Hinsch
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Doris Höflmayer
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sören Weidemann
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christoph Fraune
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Katharina Möller
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Frank Jacobsen
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Patrick Lebok
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Till Sebastian Clauditz
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Guido Sauter
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ronald Simon
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Ria Uhlig
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Waldemar Wilczak
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Steurer
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sarah Minner
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Rainer Krech
- Institute of Pathology, Clinical Center Osnabrueck, Osnabrueck, Germany
| | - David Dum
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Till Krech
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany.,Institute of Pathology, Clinical Center Osnabrueck, Osnabrueck, Germany
| | - Andreas Holger Marx
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany.,Department of Pathology, Academic Hospital Fuerth, Fuerth, Germany
| | - Christian Bernreuther
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
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56
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Weidemann S, Böhle JL, Contreras H, Luebke AM, Kluth M, Büscheck F, Hube-Magg C, Höflmayer D, Möller K, Fraune C, Bernreuther C, Rink M, Simon R, Menz A, Hinsch A, Lebok P, Clauditz T, Sauter G, Uhlig R, Wilczak W, Steurer S, Burandt E, Krech R, Dum D, Krech T, Marx A, Minner S. Napsin A Expression in Human Tumors and Normal Tissues. Pathol Oncol Res 2021; 27:613099. [PMID: 34257582 PMCID: PMC8262149 DOI: 10.3389/pore.2021.613099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Background: Novel aspartic proteinase of the pepsin family A (Napsin A, TAO1/TAO2) is a functional aspartic proteinase which is involved in the maturation of prosurfactant protein B in type II pneumocytes and the lysosomal protein catabolism in renal cells. Napsin A is highly expressed in adenocarcinomas of the lung and is thus commonly used to affirm this diagnosis. However, studies have shown that other tumors can also express Napsin A. Methods: To comprehensively determine Napsin A expression in normal and tumor tissue, 11,957 samples from 115 different tumor types and subtypes as well as 500 samples of 76 different normal tissue types were evaluable by immunohistochemistry on tissue microarrays. Results: Napsin A expression was present in 16 different tumor types. Adenocarcinoma of the lung (85.6%), clear cell adenocarcinoma of the ovary (71.7%), clear cell adenocarcinoma of the endometrium (42.8%), papillary renal cell carcinoma (40.2%), clear cell (tubulo) papillary renal cell carcinoma (16.7%), endometrial serous carcinoma (9.3%), papillary thyroid carcinoma (9.3%) and clear cell renal cell carcinoma (8.2%) were among the tumors with the highest prevalence of Napsin A positivity. In papillary and clear cell renal cell carcinoma, reduced Napsin A expression was linked to adverse clinic-pathological features (p ≤ 0.03). Conclusion: This methodical approach enabled us to identify a ranking order of tumors according to their relative prevalence of Napsin A expression. The data also show that loss of Napsin A is linked to tumor dedifferentiation in renal cell carcinomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sören Weidemann
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jan Lukas Böhle
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hendrina Contreras
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Andreas M Luebke
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Martina Kluth
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Franziska Büscheck
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Claudia Hube-Magg
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Doris Höflmayer
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Katharina Möller
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christoph Fraune
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christian Bernreuther
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Michael Rink
- Department of Urology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ronald Simon
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Anne Menz
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Andrea Hinsch
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Patrick Lebok
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Till Clauditz
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Guido Sauter
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ria Uhlig
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Waldemar Wilczak
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Steurer
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Eike Burandt
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Rainer Krech
- Institute of Pathology, Clinical Center Osnabrueck, Osnabrueck, Germany
| | - David Dum
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Till Krech
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.,Institute of Pathology, Clinical Center Osnabrueck, Osnabrueck, Germany
| | - Andreas Marx
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.,Department of Pathology, Academic Hospital Fuerth, Fuerth, Germany
| | - Sarah Minner
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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57
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Blessin NC, Li W, Mandelkow T, Jansen HL, Yang C, Raedler JB, Simon R, Büscheck F, Dum D, Luebke AM, Hinsch A, Möller K, Menz A, Bernreuther C, Lebok P, Clauditz T, Sauter G, Marx A, Uhlig R, Wilczak W, Minner S, Krech T, Fraune C, Höflmayer D, Burandt E, Steurer S. Prognostic role of proliferating CD8 + cytotoxic Tcells in human cancers. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2021; 44:793-803. [PMID: 33864611 PMCID: PMC8338812 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-021-00601-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Expansion of CD8+ cytotoxic Tlymphocytes is a prerequisite for anti-cancer immune activity and has gained interest in the era of immune checkpoint therapy. METHODS To understand the CD8+ T cell dynamics in the tumor microenvironment, we used multiplex fluorescence immunohistochemistry to quantitate CD8+ proliferation (Ki67 co-expression) in tissue microarrays from 1107 colorectal, 642 renal cell, 1066 breast, 375 ovarian, 451 pancreatic and 347 gastric cancer samples. RESULTS The density and the percentage of proliferating (Ki67+) CD8+ T cells were both highly variable between tumor types as well as between patients with the same tumor type. Elevated density and percentage of proliferating CD8+ cytotoxic T cells were significantly associated with favorable tumor parameters such as low tumor stage, negative nodal stage (p ≤ 0.0041 each), prolonged overall survival (p ≤ 0.0028 each) and an inflamed immune phenotype (p = 0.0025) in colorectal cancer and, in contrast, linked to high tumor stage, advanced ISUP/Fuhrman/Thoenes grading (each p ≤ 0.003), shorter overall survival (p ≤ 0.0330 each) and an immune inflamed phenotype (p = 0.0094) in renal cell cancer. In breast, ovarian, pancreatic and gastric cancer the role of (Ki67+)CD8+ Tcells was not linked to clinicopathological data. CONCLUSION Our data demonstrate a tumor type dependent prognostic impact of proliferating (Ki67+)CD8+ Tcells and an inverse impact in colorectal and renal cell cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niclas C Blessin
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, D-20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Wenchao Li
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, D-20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Tim Mandelkow
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, D-20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hannah L Jansen
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, D-20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Cheng Yang
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, D-20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jonas B Raedler
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, D-20246, Hamburg, Germany.,College of Arts and Sciences, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ronald Simon
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, D-20246, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Franziska Büscheck
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, D-20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - David Dum
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, D-20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Andreas M Luebke
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, D-20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Andrea Hinsch
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, D-20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Katharina Möller
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, D-20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Anne Menz
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, D-20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christian Bernreuther
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, D-20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Patrick Lebok
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, D-20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Till Clauditz
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, D-20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Guido Sauter
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, D-20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Marx
- Institute of Pathology, Medical Centre Fürth, D-90766, Fürth, Germany
| | - Ria Uhlig
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, D-20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Waldemar Wilczak
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, D-20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sarah Minner
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, D-20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Till Krech
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, D-20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christoph Fraune
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, D-20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Doris Höflmayer
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, D-20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Eike Burandt
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, D-20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Steurer
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, D-20246, Hamburg, Germany
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Menz A, Weitbrecht T, Gorbokon N, Büscheck F, Luebke AM, Kluth M, Hube-Magg C, Hinsch A, Höflmayer D, Weidemann S, Fraune C, Möller K, Bernreuther C, Lebok P, Clauditz T, Sauter G, Uhlig R, Wilczak W, Steurer S, Minner S, Burandt E, Krech R, Dum D, Krech T, Marx A, Simon R. Diagnostic and prognostic impact of cytokeratin 18 expression in human tumors: a tissue microarray study on 11,952 tumors. Mol Med 2021; 27:16. [PMID: 33588765 PMCID: PMC7885355 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-021-00274-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cytokeratin 18 (CK18) is an intermediate filament protein of the cytokeratin acidic type I group and is primarily expressed in single-layered or "simple" epithelial tissues and carcinomas of different origin. METHODS To systematically determine CK18 expression in normal and cancerous tissues, 11,952 tumor samples from 115 different tumor types and subtypes (including carcinomas, mesenchymal and biphasic tumors) as well as 608 samples of 76 different normal tissue types were analyzed by immunohistochemistry in a tissue microarray format. RESULTS CK18 was expressed in normal epithelial cells of most organs but absent in normal squamous epithelium. At least an occasional weak CK18 positivity was seen in 90 of 115 (78.3%) tumor types. Wide-spread CK18 positivity was seen in 37 (31.9%) of tumor entities, including adenocarcinomas of the lung, prostate, colon and pancreas as well as ovarian cancer. Tumor categories with variable CK18 immunostaining included cancer types arising from CK18 positive precursor cells but show CK18 downregulation in a fraction of cases, tumor types arising from CK18 negative precursor cells occasionally exhibiting CK18 neo-expression, tumors derived from normal tissues with variable CK18 expression, and tumors with a mixed differentiation. CK18 downregulation was for example seen in renal cell cancers and breast cancers, whereas CK18 neo-expression was found in squamous cell carcinomas of various origins. Down-regulation of CK18 in invasive breast carcinomas of no special type and clear cell renal cell carcinomas (ccRCC) was related to adverse tumor features in both tumors (p ≤ 0.0001) and poor patient prognosis in ccRCC (p = 0.0088). Up-regulation of CK18 in squamous cell carcinomas was linked to high grade and lymph node metastasis (p < 0.05). In summary, CK18 is consistently expressed in various epithelial cancers, especially adenocarcinomas. CONCLUSIONS Down-regulation or loss of CK18 expression in cancers arising from CK18 positive tissues as well as CK18 neo-expression in cancers originating from CK18 negative tissues is linked to cancer progression and may reflect tumor dedifferentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Menz
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Timo Weitbrecht
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Natalia Gorbokon
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Franziska Büscheck
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Andreas M Luebke
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Martina Kluth
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Claudia Hube-Magg
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Andrea Hinsch
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Doris Höflmayer
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sören Weidemann
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christoph Fraune
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Katharina Möller
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christian Bernreuther
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Patrick Lebok
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Till Clauditz
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Guido Sauter
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ria Uhlig
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Waldemar Wilczak
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Steurer
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sarah Minner
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Eike Burandt
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Rainer Krech
- Institute of Pathology, Clinical Center Osnabrueck, Osnabrueck, Germany
| | - David Dum
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Till Krech
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany.,Institute of Pathology, Clinical Center Osnabrueck, Osnabrueck, Germany
| | - Andreas Marx
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany.,Department of Pathology, Academic Hospital Fuerth, Fuerth, Germany
| | - Ronald Simon
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany.
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59
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Wiesnagrotzki N, Bernreuther C, Saeger W, Flitsch J, Glatzel M, Hagel C. Co-expression of intermediate filaments glial fibrillary acidic protein and cytokeratin in pituitary adenoma. Pituitary 2021; 24:62-67. [PMID: 33001343 PMCID: PMC7864846 DOI: 10.1007/s11102-020-01087-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To analyze the co-expression of the intermediate filaments GFAP and cytokeratin in 326 pituitary adenomas with regard to the distribution pattern, the subtype of the adenoma and clinical prognostic data. METHODS Tissue from 326 pituitary adenomas and 13 normal anterior pituitaries collected in the Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, between 2006 and 2009 was investigated by immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence and electron microscopy. RESULTS Co-expression of intermediate filaments GFAP and cytokeratin was associated with hormone expression in 62/278 cases (22%), but only found in 2/48 (4%) of null cell adenomas (p < 0.01). Simultaneous co-expression of GFAP and cytokeratin in the same cells was demonstrated in 26 out of 326 pituitary adenomas and in all 13 pituitaries. In pituitary intermediate filaments were demonstrated in a larger area of the cytoplasm than in adenoma (p < 0.01), however, overlapping expression was seen in 2.6% of the total area in both, pituitary and adenoma. Congenially, cells with overlapping expression were found near vessels and in follicles. Furthermore, adenomas with cellular co-expression of GFAP and cytokeratin were associated with a lower recurrence rate (7.7%) compared to adenomas without co-expression of intermediate filaments (17.8%). CONCLUSIONS Cellular co-expression of the intermediate filaments GFAP and cytokeratin in pituitary adenomas and the pituitary was demonstrated and shown to be associated with hormone expression and low recurrence rate. The results are discussed with regard to the biology of folliculostellate cells, neural transformation and tumor stem cells. This study may complement the understanding of pituitary adenoma biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Wiesnagrotzki
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christian Bernreuther
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Saeger
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jörg Flitsch
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Markus Glatzel
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christian Hagel
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany.
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60
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Marx A, Koopmann L, Höflmayer D, Büscheck F, Hube-Magg C, Steurer S, Eichenauer T, Clauditz TS, Wilczak W, Simon R, Sauter G, Izbicki JR, Huland H, Heinzer H, Graefen M, Haese A, Schlomm T, Bernreuther C, Lebok P, Bonk S. Reduced anoctamin 7 (ANO7) expression is a strong and independent predictor of poor prognosis in prostate cancer. Cancer Biol Med 2021; 18:245-255. [PMID: 33628598 PMCID: PMC7877177 DOI: 10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2019.0324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Anoctamin 7 (ANO7) is a calcium2+-dependent chloride ion channel protein. Its expression is restricted to prostate epithelial cells. The exact function is unknown. This study aimed to analyze ANO7 expression and its clinical significance in prostate cancer (PCa). Methods ANO7 expression was assessed by immunohistochemistry in 17,747 clinical PCa specimens. Results ANO7 was strongly expressed in normal prostate glandular cells but often less abundant in cancer cells. ANO7 staining was interpretable in 13,594 cancer tissues and considered strong in 34.4%, moderate in 48.7%, weak in 9.3%, and negative in 7.6%. Reduced staining was tightly linked to adverse tumor features [high classical and quantitative Gleason grade, lymph node metastasis, advanced tumor stage, high Ki67 labeling index, positive surgical margin, and early biochemical recurrence (P < 0.0001 each)]. The univariate Cox hazard ratio for prostate-specific antigen (PSA) recurrence after prostatectomy in patients with negative vs. strong ANO7 expression was 2.98 (95% confidence interval 2.61-3.38). The prognostic impact was independent of established pre- or postoperatively available parameters (P < 0.0001). Analysis of annotated molecular data showed that low ANO7 expression was linked to TMPRSS2:ERG fusions (P < 0.0001), elevated androgen receptor expression (P < 0.0001), as well as presence of 9 of 11 chromosomal deletions (P < 0.05 each). A particularly strong association of low ANO7 expression with phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) deletion may indicate a functional relationship with the PTEN/AKT pathway. Conclusions These data identify reduced ANO7 protein expression as a strong and independent predictor of poor prognosis in PCa. ANO7 measurement, either alone or in combination, might provide clinically useful prognostic information in PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Marx
- Institute of Pathology, Klinikum Fürth, Fürth 90766, Germany
| | - Lena Koopmann
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany
| | - Doris Höflmayer
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany
| | - Franziska Büscheck
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany
| | - Claudia Hube-Magg
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany
| | - Stefan Steurer
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany
| | - Till Eichenauer
- Department of Urology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany
| | - Till S Clauditz
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany
| | - Waldemar Wilczak
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany
| | - Ronald Simon
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany
| | - Guido Sauter
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany
| | - Jakob R Izbicki
- General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery Department and Clinic, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany
| | - Hartwig Huland
- Martini-Clinic, Prostate Cancer Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany
| | - Hans Heinzer
- Martini-Clinic, Prostate Cancer Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany
| | - Markus Graefen
- Martini-Clinic, Prostate Cancer Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany
| | - Alexander Haese
- Martini-Clinic, Prostate Cancer Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany
| | - Thorsten Schlomm
- Department of Urology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin 10117, Germany
| | - Christian Bernreuther
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany
| | - Patrick Lebok
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany
| | - Sarah Bonk
- Department of Urology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany
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61
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Rico SD, Höflmayer D, Büscheck F, Dum D, Luebke AM, Kluth M, Hube-Magg C, Hinsch A, Möller-Koop C, Perez D, Izbicki JR, Neipp M, Mofid H, Lárusson H, Daniels T, Isbert C, Coerper S, Ditterich D, Rupprecht H, Goetz A, Fraune C, Möller K, Menz A, Bernreuther C, Clauditz TS, Sauter G, Uhlig R, Wilczak W, Simon R, Steurer S, Lebok P, Burandt E, Krech T, Marx AH. Elevated MUC5AC expression is associated with mismatch repair deficiency and proximal tumor location but not with cancer progression in colon cancer. Med Mol Morphol 2020; 54:156-165. [PMID: 33373033 PMCID: PMC8139930 DOI: 10.1007/s00795-020-00274-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Mucin 5AC (MUC5AC) is a secreted gel-forming mucin expressed by several epithelia. In the colon, MUC5AC is expressed in scattered normal epithelial cells but can be abundant in colorectal cancers. To clarify the relationship of MUC5AC expression with parameters of tumor aggressiveness and mismatch repair deficiency (dMMR) in colorectal cancer, a tissue microarray containing 1812 colorectal cancers was analyzed by immunohistochemistry. MUC5AC expression was found in 261 (15.7%) of 1,667 analyzable colorectal cancers. MUC5AC expression strongly depended on the tumor location and gradually decreased from proximal (27.4% of cecum cancers) to distal (10.6% of rectal cancers; p < 0.0001). MUC5AC expression was also strongly linked to dMMR. dMMR was found in 21.3% of 169 cancers with MUC5AC positivity but in only 4.6% of 1051 cancers without detectable MUC5AC expression (p < 0.0001). A multivariate analysis showed that dMMR status and tumor localization predicted MUC5AC expression independently (p < 0.0001 each). MUC5AC expression was unrelated to pT and pN status. This also applied to the subgroups of 1136 proficient MMR (pMMR) and of 84 dMMR cancers. The results of our study show a strong association of MUC5AC expression with proximal and dMMR colorectal cancers. However, MUC5AC expression is unrelated to colon cancer aggressiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Dwertmann Rico
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Doris Höflmayer
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Franziska Büscheck
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - David Dum
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Andreas M Luebke
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Martina Kluth
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Claudia Hube-Magg
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Andrea Hinsch
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christina Möller-Koop
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Daniel Perez
- General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery Department and Clinic, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jakob R Izbicki
- General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery Department and Clinic, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Michael Neipp
- General, Vascular and Visceral Surgery Clinic, Itzehoe Medical Center, Itzehoe, Germany
| | - Hamid Mofid
- General, Visceral Thoracic and Vascular Surgery Clinic, Regio Clinic Pinneberg, Pinneberg, Germany
| | - Hannes Lárusson
- General, Visceral Thoracic and Vascular Surgery Clinic, Regio Clinic Pinneberg, Pinneberg, Germany
| | - Thies Daniels
- General, Visceral and Tumor Surgery Clinic, Albertinen Hospital, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christoph Isbert
- Department of General, Gastrointestinal and Colorectal Surgery, Amalie Sieveking Hospital, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Stephan Coerper
- Department of Surgery, General Hospital Martha-Maria Nuernberg, Nuernberg, Germany
| | - Daniel Ditterich
- Department of Surgery, General Hospital Neustadt/Aisch, Neustadt an der Aisch, Germany
| | - Holger Rupprecht
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Academic Hospital Neumarkt, Neumarkt, Germany
| | - Albert Goetz
- Department of Surgery, General Hospital Roth, Roth, Germany
| | - Christoph Fraune
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Katharina Möller
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Anne Menz
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christian Bernreuther
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Till S Clauditz
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Guido Sauter
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ria Uhlig
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Waldemar Wilczak
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ronald Simon
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Stefan Steurer
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Patrick Lebok
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Eike Burandt
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Till Krech
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany.,Institute of Pathology, Clinical Center Osnabrueck, Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Andreas H Marx
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany.,Department of Pathology, Academic Hospital Fuerth, Fuerth, Germany
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62
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Möller K, Wecker AL, Höflmayer D, Fraune C, Makrypidi-Fraune G, Hube-Magg C, Kluth M, Steurer S, Clauditz TS, Wilczak W, Simon R, Sauter G, Huland H, Heinzer H, Haese A, Schlomm T, Weidemann S, Luebke AM, Minner S, Bernreuther C, Bonk S, Marx A. Upregulation of the heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein hnRNPA1 is an independent predictor of early biochemical recurrence in TMPRSS2:ERG fusion-negative prostate cancers. Virchows Arch 2020; 477:625-636. [PMID: 32417965 PMCID: PMC7581599 DOI: 10.1007/s00428-020-02834-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A1 (hnRNPA1) is a ubiquitous RNA splicing factor that is overexpressed and prognostically relevant in various human cancer types. To study the impact of hnRNPA1 expression in prostate cancer, we analyzed a tissue microarray containing 17,747 clinical prostate cancer specimens by immunohistochemistry. hnRNPA1 was expressed in normal prostate glandular cells but often overexpressed in cancer cells. hnRNPA1 immunostaining was interpretable in 14,258 cancers and considered strong in 33.4%, moderate in 45.9%, weak in 15.3%, and negative in 5.4%. Moderate to strong hnRNPA1 immunostaining was strongly linked to adverse tumor features including high classical and quantitative Gleason score, lymph node metastasis, advanced tumor stage, positive surgical margin, and early biochemical recurrence (p < 0.0001 each). The prognostic impact of hnRNPA1 immunostaining was independent of established preoperatively or postoperatively available prognostic parameters (p < 0.0001). Subset analyses revealed that all these associations were strongly driven by the fraction of cancers lacking the TMPRSS2:ERG gene fusion. Comparison with other key molecular data that were earlier obtained on the same TMA showed that hnRNPA1 overexpression was linked to high levels of androgen receptor (AR) expression (p < 0.0001) as well as presence of 9 of 11 chromosomal deletions (p < 0.05 each). A strong association between hnRNPA1 upregulation and tumor cell proliferation that was independent from the Gleason score supports a role for tumor cell aggressiveness. In conclusion, hnRNPA1 overexpression is an independent predictor of poor prognosis in ERG-negative prostate cancer. hnRNPA1 measurement, either alone or in combination, might provide prognostic information in ERG-negative prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Möller
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Anna Lena Wecker
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Doris Höflmayer
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christoph Fraune
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Georgia Makrypidi-Fraune
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Claudia Hube-Magg
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Martina Kluth
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Steurer
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Till S Clauditz
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Waldemar Wilczak
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ronald Simon
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Guido Sauter
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hartwig Huland
- Martini-Clinic, Prostate Cancer Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hans Heinzer
- Martini-Clinic, Prostate Cancer Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Alexander Haese
- Martini-Clinic, Prostate Cancer Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Thorsten Schlomm
- Department of Urology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sören Weidemann
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Andreas M Luebke
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sarah Minner
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christian Bernreuther
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sarah Bonk
- General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery Department and Clinic, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Marx
- Institute of Pathology, Klinikum Fürth, Fürth, Germany
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63
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Eichenauer T, Simmendinger L, Kluth M, Chirico V, Luebke AM, Höflmayer D, Hinsch A, Jacobsen F, Hube-Magg C, Möller-Koop C, Dahlem R, Fisch M, Rink M, Riechardt S, Tsourlakis MC, Büscheck F, Bernreuther C, Clauditz T, Lebok P, Simon R, Sauter G, Wilczak W, Fraune C. Chromosomal deletion of 9p21 is linked to poor patient prognosis in papillary and clear cell kidney cancer. Urol Oncol 2020; 38:605.e1-605.e8. [PMID: 32241691 DOI: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2020.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Revised: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The ongoing approval of adjuvant systemic therapy in high-risk kidney tumor will increase the demand for prognostic assessment in these tumors. 9p21 deletion has been suggested as a possible prognostic feature in clear cell kidney cancer. MATERIAL AND METHODS To learn more on the prognostic relevance of 9p21 deletions in clear cell and other kidney tumors, 1,809 kidney tumor specimens were analyzed by dual-labeling fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with probes for 9p21 and centromere 9 in a tissue microarray format. Results were compared to histologic tumor type, pT stage, grade, and patient outcome. RESULTS A total of 1,341 (74%) of tumor samples had interpretable FISH results. 9p21 deletion was found in 4.4% of 894 clear cell, 5.1% of 197 papillary, and 4.2% of 71 chromophobe carcinomas. 9p21 deletions were not found in 112 oncocytomas and in 21 clear cell tubulo-papillary cancers. In clear cell carcinomas, 9p deletions were associated with advanced stage (P = 0.009) and nodal metastasis (P = 0.0067), but not with ISUP grade (P = 0.1039) and distant metastasis (P = 0.4809). Also, in papillary carcinomas, 9p deletions were associated with advanced stage (P = 0.0008) and nodal metastasis (P = 0.0202) but not with ISUP grade (0.0904) and distant metastasis (P = 0.2022). Follow-up data were available for 789 clear cell and 177 papillary cancers. In both tumor entities, 9p21 deletions were associated with shortened overall survival, tumor-specific death, and progression-free survival in univariate analysis (P < 0.02 each). In a multivariate analysis, 9p21 deletion was an independent predictor of early tumor recurrence (P = 0.04). CONCLUSION 9p21 deletions, 9p21 deletions identify a small subset of aggressive renal carcinomas. 9p deletion assessment may be clinically useful to identify high-risk renal cell carcinomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Till Eichenauer
- Department of Urology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Luca Simmendinger
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Martina Kluth
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Victoria Chirico
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Andreas M Luebke
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Doris Höflmayer
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Andrea Hinsch
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Frank Jacobsen
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Claudia Hube-Magg
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christina Möller-Koop
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Roland Dahlem
- Department of Urology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Margit Fisch
- Department of Urology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Michael Rink
- Department of Urology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Silke Riechardt
- Department of Urology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Franziska Büscheck
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christian Bernreuther
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Till Clauditz
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Patrick Lebok
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ronald Simon
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Guido Sauter
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Waldemar Wilczak
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christoph Fraune
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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64
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Hermann M, Reumann R, Schostak K, Kement D, Gelderblom M, Bernreuther C, Frischknecht R, Schipanski A, Marik S, Krasemann S, Sepulveda-Falla D, Schweizer M, Magnus T, Glatzel M, Galliciotti G. Deficits in developmental neurogenesis and dendritic spine maturation in mice lacking the serine protease inhibitor neuroserpin. Mol Cell Neurosci 2020; 102:103420. [PMID: 31805346 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcn.2019.103420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Revised: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroserpin is a serine protease inhibitor of the nervous system required for normal synaptic plasticity and regulating cognitive, emotional and social behavior in mice. The high expression level of neuroserpin detected at late stages of nervous system formation in most regions of the brain points to a function in neurodevelopment. In order to evaluate the contribution of neuroserpin to brain development, we investigated developmental neurogenesis and neuronal differentiation in the hippocampus of neuroserpin-deficient mice. Moreover, synaptic reorganization and composition of perineuronal net were studied during maturation and stabilization of hippocampal circuits. We showed that absence of neuroserpin results in early termination of neuronal precursor proliferation and premature neuronal differentiation in the first postnatal weeks. Additionally, at the end of the critical period neuroserpin-deficient mice had changed morphology of dendritic spines towards a more mature phenotype. This was accompanied by increased protein levels and reduced proteolytic cleavage of aggrecan, a perineuronal net core protein. These data suggest a role for neuroserpin in coordinating generation and maturation of the hippocampus, which is essential for establishment of an appropriate neuronal network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie Hermann
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Rebecca Reumann
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Katrin Schostak
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Dilara Kement
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Mathias Gelderblom
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christian Bernreuther
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Renato Frischknecht
- Department of Biology and Animal Physiology, Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Staudtstrasse 5, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Angela Schipanski
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sergej Marik
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Susanne Krasemann
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Diego Sepulveda-Falla
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Michaela Schweizer
- Center for Molecular Neurobiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Falkenried 94, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Tim Magnus
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Markus Glatzel
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Giovanna Galliciotti
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.
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65
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Loreth D, Münsterberg J, Maire C, Werner S, Gandrass M, Bernreuther C, Kropidlowski J, Westphal M, Steurer S, Lamszus K, Glatzel M, Pantel K, Wikman H. Abstract 1114: Upregulation of ALCAM is a marker for non-small-cell lung cancer brain metastases. Cancer Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2019-1114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most common cause of cancer-related death with still a 5-year survival rate of <10%. Every second patient with advanced NSCLC will develop brain metastases and in 50% of those the brain is the only site of tumor relapse (oligo-metastasis). Cancer cells need to have specific properties to access and colonize the brain microenvironment leading to the question which metastatic factors foster brain metastasis formation. Different cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) have been shown to be involved in the process of metastasis in different tumor entities. The activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule (ALCAM) is a type I transmembrane protein of the immunoglobulin superfamily and involved in the maintenance of cell-cell contacts and has a possible role in the “homing” of metastatic cells in distant organs. ALCAM is also involved in the leukocyte transmigration across the blood-brain barrier. Here we therefore investigated the role of ALCAM in NSCLC brain metastases formation. Our studies on patient material revealed that the ALCAM protein expression in brain metastases (n=71) is significantly increased (50.7% positive, p=0.023) compared to the primary tumor (21.7% positive, n=47). Analysis of matched pairs of primary tumors and brain metastases confirmed this observation, as in 33% a de novo ALCAM expression in the matching brain metastases could be observed. Additionally, patients with a strong ALCAM expression in either their primary tumors or brain metastases showed a significantly shortened overall survival (p=0.017 and p=0.035 respectively). In vitro analysis of the effect of ALCAM knock out in the H460 lung cancer cell line showed no effect on proliferation, migration or colony-forming behavior. However, cell adhesion was severely hampered in the knock out cells. Currently in vivo mice experiments are running. Together these findings indicate an important role for ALCAM in brain metastasis formation.
Citation Format: Desiree Loreth, Justine Münsterberg, Cecile Maire, Stefan Werner, Monja Gandrass, Christian Bernreuther, Jolanthe Kropidlowski, Manfred Westphal, Stefan Steurer, Katrin Lamszus, Markus Glatzel, Klaus Pantel, Harriet Wikman. Upregulation of ALCAM is a marker for non-small-cell lung cancer brain metastases [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 1114.
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Affiliation(s)
- Desiree Loreth
- University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Cecile Maire
- University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Werner
- University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Monja Gandrass
- University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Stefan Steurer
- University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Katrin Lamszus
- University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Markus Glatzel
- University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Klaus Pantel
- University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Harriet Wikman
- University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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66
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Höflmayer D, Willich C, Hube-Magg C, Simon R, Lang D, Neubauer E, Jacobsen F, Hinsch A, Luebke AM, Tsourlakis MC, Huland H, Graefen M, Haese A, Heinzer H, Minner S, Büscheck F, Sauter G, Schlomm T, Steurer S, Clauditz TS, Burandt E, Wilczak W, Bernreuther C. SNW1 is a prognostic biomarker in prostate cancer. Diagn Pathol 2019; 14:33. [PMID: 31043167 PMCID: PMC6495565 DOI: 10.1186/s13000-019-0810-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background SNW1 is a nuclear receptor co-activator involved in splicing and transcription control, including androgen receptor signaling. Overexpression of SNW1 has been linked to adverse prognosis in different cancer types, but studies on the role of SNW1 in prostate cancer are lacking. Methods Using immunohistochemistry, we analyzed SNW1 expression in 10,310 prostate cancers in a tissue microarray (TMA) with attached clinical and molecular data. Results The comparison with normal prostate tissue revealed an up regulation of SNW1 in a subset of cancer samples. SNW1 staining was considered weak in 31.5%, moderate in 37.7% and strong in 14% of cancers. Strong SNW1 expression was markedly more frequent in prostate cancers harboring the TMPRSS2:ERG fusion (24%) than in ERG negative cancers (7%, p < 0.0001). Significant associations with Gleason grade, stage, nodal status and early biochemical recurrence were observed in the ERG negative and positive subset. Multivariable modeling revealed that the prognostic value of SNW1 up regulation was independent from the established preoperative histopathological and clinical parameters. Conclusion These results demonstrate that SNW1 overexpression is an independent prognostic marker in prostate cancer with potential clinical utility. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13000-019-0810-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doris Höflmayer
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, D-20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Carla Willich
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, D-20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Claudia Hube-Magg
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, D-20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ronald Simon
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, D-20246, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Dagmar Lang
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, D-20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Emily Neubauer
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, D-20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Frank Jacobsen
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, D-20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Andrea Hinsch
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, D-20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Andreas M Luebke
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, D-20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Marie Christina Tsourlakis
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, D-20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hartwig Huland
- Martini-Clinic, Prostate Cancer Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, D-20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Markus Graefen
- Martini-Clinic, Prostate Cancer Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, D-20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Alexander Haese
- Martini-Clinic, Prostate Cancer Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, D-20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hans Heinzer
- Martini-Clinic, Prostate Cancer Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, D-20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sarah Minner
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, D-20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Franziska Büscheck
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, D-20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Guido Sauter
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, D-20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Thorsten Schlomm
- Department of Urology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, D-10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefan Steurer
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, D-20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Till S Clauditz
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, D-20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Eike Burandt
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, D-20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Waldemar Wilczak
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, D-20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christian Bernreuther
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, D-20246, Hamburg, Germany
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67
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Hanssen A, Riebensahm C, Mohme M, Joosse SA, Velthaus JL, Berger LA, Bernreuther C, Glatzel M, Loges S, Lamszus K, Westphal M, Riethdorf S, Pantel K, Wikman H. Frequency of Circulating Tumor Cells (CTC) in Patients with Brain Metastases: Implications as a Risk Assessment Marker in Oligo-Metastatic Disease. Cancers (Basel) 2018; 10:E527. [PMID: 30572662 PMCID: PMC6315958 DOI: 10.3390/cancers10120527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Revised: 12/09/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Forty percent of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients develop brain metastases, resulting in a dismal prognosis. However, patients in an oligo-metastatic brain disease setting seem to have better outcomes. Here, we investigate the possibility of using circulating tumor cells (CTCs) as biomarkers to differentiate oligo-metastatic patients for better risk assessment. Using the CellSearch® system, few CTCs were detected among NSCLC patients with brain metastases (n = 52, 12.5% ≥ two and 8.9% ≥ five CTC/7.5 mL blood) and especially oligo-metastatic brain patients (n = 34, 5.9%, and 2.9%). Still, thresholds of both ≥ two and ≥ five CTCs were independent prognostic indicators for shorter overall survival time among all of the NSCLC patients (n = 90, two CTC ≥ HR: 1.629, p = 0.024, 95% CI: 1.137⁻6.465 and five CTC ≥ HR: 2.846, p = 0.0304, CI: 1.104⁻7.339), as well as among patients with brain metastases (two CTC ≥ HR: 4.694, p = 0.004, CI: 1.650⁻13.354, and five CTC ≥ HR: 4.963, p = 0.003, CI: 1.752⁻14.061). Also, oligo-brain NSCLC metastatic patients with CTCs had a very poor prognosis (p = 0.019). Similarly, in other tumor entities, only 9.6% of patients with brain metastases (n = 52) had detectable CTCs. Our data indicate that although patients with brain metastases more seldom harbor CTCs, they are still predictive for overall survival, and CTCs might be a useful biomarker to identify oligo-metastatic NSCLC patients who might benefit from a more intense therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annkathrin Hanssen
- Department of Tumor Biology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Carlotta Riebensahm
- Department of Tumor Biology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Malte Mohme
- Department of Neurosurgery University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Simon A Joosse
- Department of Tumor Biology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Janna-Lisa Velthaus
- Department of Internal Medicine II and Clinic (Oncology Centre) University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Lars Arne Berger
- Department of Internal Medicine II and Clinic (Oncology Centre) University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Christian Bernreuther
- Institute of Neuropathology University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Markus Glatzel
- Institute of Neuropathology University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Sonja Loges
- Department of Tumor Biology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.
- Department of Internal Medicine II and Clinic (Oncology Centre) University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Katrin Lamszus
- Department of Neurosurgery University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Manfred Westphal
- Department of Neurosurgery University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Sabine Riethdorf
- Department of Tumor Biology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Klaus Pantel
- Department of Tumor Biology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Harriet Wikman
- Department of Tumor Biology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.
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Knipper S, Tilki D, Mansholt J, Klutmann S, Bernreuther C, Steuber T, Maurer T, Graefen M. Metastases-yield and PSA-kinetics following salvage lymph node dissection: A comparison between conventional surgical approach and radio-guided surgery. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-9056(18)33635-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Knipper S, Tilki D, Mansholt J, Berliner C, Bernreuther C, Steuber T, Maurer T, Graefen M. Metastases-yield and Prostate-specific Antigen Kinetics Following Salvage Lymph Node Dissection for Prostate Cancer: A Comparison Between Conventional Surgical Approach and Prostate-specific Membrane Antigen-radioguided Surgery. Eur Urol Focus 2018; 5:50-53. [PMID: 30292421 DOI: 10.1016/j.euf.2018.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2018] [Revised: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The first results on 99mTechnetium prostate-specific membrane antigen-radioguided surgery (99mTc-PSMA- RGS) showed promising outcome. Here, we sought to evaluate if this targeted molecular surgical approach might be more effective than conventional salvage lymph node dissection (sLND). We prospectively analysed 42 consecutive patients who underwent sLND based on preoperative 68Gallium (68Ga)-PSMA-positron emission tomography (PET) imaging between 2015 and 2018. In 29 patients, the dissection field was based solely 68Ga-PSMA-PET imaging (conventional surgical approach [CSA]), whereas 13 patients underwent 99mTc-PSMA-RGS. Preoperative characteristics of both groups were similar. Final pathology revealed no metastases in nine CSA patients (31%), whereas all visible lesions on preoperative 68Ga-PSMA-PET were removed in patients who underwent RGS. A PSA decline in general, >50% and >90% within 6 wk was seen in 50%, 29%, and 7% versus 100%, 92%, and 53% in CSA versus RGS groups, respectively (all p<0.01). This is the first comparison of conventional and PSMA-radioguided approach with regards to short-term efficacy of sLND. Although long-term outcome needs to be awaited, RGS offers promising results. PATIENT SUMMARY: We compared two surgical approaches for lymph node dissection in lymph node only recurrent prostate cancer patients. The radioguided approach was superior in removing the affected lymph nodes, resulting in a more pronounced prostate-specific antigen decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Knipper
- Martini-Klinik Prostate Cancer Center, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Derya Tilki
- Martini-Klinik Prostate Cancer Center, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Department of Urology, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Joost Mansholt
- Martini-Klinik Prostate Cancer Center, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christoph Berliner
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christian Bernreuther
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Steuber
- Martini-Klinik Prostate Cancer Center, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Tobias Maurer
- Martini-Klinik Prostate Cancer Center, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Markus Graefen
- Martini-Klinik Prostate Cancer Center, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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Heinrich MC, Göbel C, Kluth M, Bernreuther C, Sauer C, Schroeder C, Möller-Koop C, Hube-Magg C, Lebok P, Burandt E, Sauter G, Simon R, Huland H, Graefen M, Heinzer H, Schlomm T, Heumann A. PSCA expression is associated with favorable tumor features and reduced PSA recurrence in operated prostate cancer. BMC Cancer 2018; 18:612. [PMID: 29855276 PMCID: PMC5984312 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-018-4547-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Prostate Stem Cell Antigen (PSCA) is frequently expressed in prostate cancer but its exact function is unclear. Methods To clarify contradictory findings on the prognostic role of PSCA expression, a tissue microarray containing 13,665 prostate cancers was analyzed by immunohistochemistry. Results PSCA staining was absent in normal epithelial and stromal cells of the prostate. Membranous and cytoplasmic PSCA staining was seen in 53.7% of 9642 interpretable tumors. Staining was weak in 22.4%, moderate in 24.5% and strong in 6.8% of tumors. PSCA expression was associated with favorable pathological and clinical tumor features: Early pathological tumor stage (p < 0.0001), low Gleason grade (p < 0.0001), absence of lymph node metastasis (p < 0.0001), low pre-operative PSA level (p = 0.0118), negative surgical margin (p < 0.0001) and reduced PSA recurrence (p < 0.0001). PSCA expression was an independent predictor of prognosis in multivariate analysis (hazard ratio 0.84, p < 0.0001). Conclusions The absence of statistical relationship to TMPRSS2:ERG fusion status, chromosomal deletion or high tumor cell proliferation argues against a major role of PSCA for regulation of cell cycle or genomic integrity. PSCA expression is linked to favorable prognosis. PSCA measurement is a candidate for inclusion in multi-parametric prognostic prostate cancer tests. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12885-018-4547-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Christine Heinrich
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, D-20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Cosima Göbel
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, D-20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Martina Kluth
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, D-20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christian Bernreuther
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, D-20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Charlotte Sauer
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, D-20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Cornelia Schroeder
- Department of Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, D-20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christina Möller-Koop
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, D-20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Claudia Hube-Magg
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, D-20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Patrick Lebok
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, D-20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Eike Burandt
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, D-20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Guido Sauter
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, D-20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ronald Simon
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, D-20246, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Hartwig Huland
- Martini-Clinic, Prostate Cancer Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, D-20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Markus Graefen
- Martini-Clinic, Prostate Cancer Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, D-20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hans Heinzer
- Martini-Clinic, Prostate Cancer Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, D-20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Thorsten Schlomm
- Martini-Clinic, Prostate Cancer Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, D-20246, Hamburg, Germany.,Department of Urology, Section for translational Prostate Cancer Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, D-20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Asmus Heumann
- Department of Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, D-20246, Hamburg, Germany
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Nguyen TL, Schneppenheim J, Rudnik S, Lüllmann-Rauch R, Bernreuther C, Hermans-Borgmeyer I, Glatzel M, Saftig P, Schröder B. Functional characterization of the lysosomal membrane protein TMEM192 in mice. Oncotarget 2018; 8:43635-43652. [PMID: 28504966 PMCID: PMC5546430 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.17514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2017] [Accepted: 04/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The Transmembrane protein 192 (TMEM192) is a lysosomal/late endosomal protein initially discovered by organellar proteomics. TMEM192 exhibits four transmembrane segments with cytosolic N- and C-termini and forms homodimers. Devoid of significant homologies, the molecular function of TMEM192 is currently unknown. Upon TMEM192 knockdown in hepatoma cells, a dysregulation of autophagy and increased apoptosis were reported. Here, we aimed to define the physiological role of TMEM192 by analysing consequences of TMEM192 ablation in mice. Therefore, we compared the biochemical properties of murine TMEM192 to those of the human orthologue. We reveal lysosomal residence of murine TMEM192 and demonstrate ubiquitous tissue expression. In brain, TMEM192 expression was pronounced in the hippocampus but also present in the cortex and cerebellum, as analysed based on a lacZ reporter allele. Murine TMEM192 undergoes proteolytic processing in a tissue-specific manner. Thereby, a 17 kDa fragment is generated which was detected in most murine tissues except liver. TMEM192 processing occurs after lysosomal targeting by pH-dependent lysosomal proteases. TMEM192-/- murine embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) exhibited a regular morphology of endo-/lysosomes and were capable of performing autophagy and lysosomal exocytosis. Histopathological, ultrastructural and biochemical analyses of all major tissues of TMEM192-/- mice demonstrated normal lysosomal functions without apparent lysosomal storage. Furthermore, the abundance of the major immune cells was comparable in TMEM192-/- and wild type mice. Based on this, we conclude that under basal conditions in vivo the loss of TMEM192 can be efficiently compensated by alternative pathways. Further studies will be required to decipher its molecular function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thuy Linh Nguyen
- Biochemical Institute, Christian Albrechts University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | | | - Sönke Rudnik
- Biochemical Institute, Christian Albrechts University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | | | - Christian Bernreuther
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Irm Hermans-Borgmeyer
- Center for Molecular Neurobiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Markus Glatzel
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Paul Saftig
- Biochemical Institute, Christian Albrechts University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Bernd Schröder
- Biochemical Institute, Christian Albrechts University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
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Gonzalez AC, Schweizer M, Jagdmann S, Bernreuther C, Reinheckel T, Saftig P, Damme M. Unconventional Trafficking of Mammalian Phospholipase D3 to Lysosomes. Cell Rep 2018; 22:1040-1053. [PMID: 29386126 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2017.12.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2017] [Revised: 11/10/2017] [Accepted: 12/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Variants in the phospholipase D3 (PLD3) gene have genetically been linked to late-onset Alzheimer's disease. We present a detailed biochemical analysis of PLD3 and reveal its endogenous localization in endosomes and lysosomes. PLD3 reaches lysosomes as a type II transmembrane protein via a (for mammalian cells) uncommon intracellular biosynthetic route that depends on the ESCRT (endosomal sorting complex required for transport) machinery. PLD3 is sorted into intraluminal vesicles of multivesicular endosomes, and ESCRT-dependent sorting correlates with ubiquitination. In multivesicular endosomes, PLD3 is subjected to proteolytic cleavage, yielding a stable glycosylated luminal polypeptide and a rapidly degraded N-terminal membrane-bound fragment. This pathway closely resembles the delivery route of carboxypeptidase S to the yeast vacuole. Our experiments reveal a biosynthetic route of PLD3 involving proteolytic processing and ESCRT-dependent sorting for its delivery to lysosomes in mammalian cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Michaela Schweizer
- Center of Molecular Neurobiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg 20246, Germany
| | - Sebastian Jagdmann
- Biochemical Institute, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel 24118, Germany
| | - Christian Bernreuther
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Reinheckel
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Cell Research, Medical Faculty, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Paul Saftig
- Biochemical Institute, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel 24118, Germany
| | - Markus Damme
- Biochemical Institute, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel 24118, Germany.
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Gelderblom M, Gallizioli M, Ludewig P, Thom V, Arunachalam P, Rissiek B, Bernreuther C, Glatzel M, Korn T, Arumugam TV, Sedlacik J, Gerloff C, Tolosa E, Planas AM, Magnus T. IL-23 (Interleukin-23)-Producing Conventional Dendritic Cells Control the Detrimental IL-17 (Interleukin-17) Response in Stroke. Stroke 2017; 49:155-164. [PMID: 29212740 DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.117.019101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2017] [Revised: 09/27/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Inflammatory mechanisms can exacerbate ischemic tissue damage and worsen clinical outcome in patients with stroke. Both αβ and γδ T cells are established mediators of tissue damage in stroke, and the role of dendritic cells (DCs) in inducing the early events of T cell activation and differentiation in stroke is not well understood. METHODS In a murine model of experimental stroke, we defined the immune phenotype of infiltrating DC subsets based on flow cytometry of surface markers, the expression of ontogenetic markers, and cytokine levels. We used conditional DC depletion, bone marrow chimeric mice, and IL-23 (interleukin-23) receptor-deficient mice to further explore the functional role of DCs. RESULTS We show that the ischemic brain was rapidly infiltrated by IRF4+/CD172a+ conventional type 2 DCs and that conventional type 2 DCs were the most abundant subset in comparison with all other DC subsets. Twenty-four hours after ischemia onset, conventional type 2 DCs became the major source of IL-23, promoting neutrophil infiltration by induction of IL-17 (interleukin-17) in γδ T cells. Functionally, the depletion of CD11c+ cells or the genetic disruption of the IL-23 signaling abrogated both IL-17 production in γδ T cells and neutrophil infiltration. Interruption of the IL-23/IL-17 cascade decreased infarct size and improved neurological outcome after stroke. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest a central role for interferon regulatory factor 4-positive IL-23-producing conventional DCs in the IL-17-dependent secondary tissue damage in stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathias Gelderblom
- From the Department of Neurology (M. Gelderblom, P.L., V.T., P.A., B.R., C.G., T.M.), Institute of Neuropathology (C.B., M. Glatzel), Department for Neuroradiological Diagnosis and Intervention (J.S.), and Institute of Immunology (E.T.), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany; Department d'Isquèmia Cerebral i Neurodegeneració, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques de Barcelona, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Spain (M. Gallizioli, A.M.P.); Department of Neurology, Technical University of Munich, Germany (T.K.); Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Germany (T.K.); and Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (T.V.A.).
| | - Mattia Gallizioli
- From the Department of Neurology (M. Gelderblom, P.L., V.T., P.A., B.R., C.G., T.M.), Institute of Neuropathology (C.B., M. Glatzel), Department for Neuroradiological Diagnosis and Intervention (J.S.), and Institute of Immunology (E.T.), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany; Department d'Isquèmia Cerebral i Neurodegeneració, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques de Barcelona, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Spain (M. Gallizioli, A.M.P.); Department of Neurology, Technical University of Munich, Germany (T.K.); Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Germany (T.K.); and Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (T.V.A.)
| | - Peter Ludewig
- From the Department of Neurology (M. Gelderblom, P.L., V.T., P.A., B.R., C.G., T.M.), Institute of Neuropathology (C.B., M. Glatzel), Department for Neuroradiological Diagnosis and Intervention (J.S.), and Institute of Immunology (E.T.), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany; Department d'Isquèmia Cerebral i Neurodegeneració, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques de Barcelona, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Spain (M. Gallizioli, A.M.P.); Department of Neurology, Technical University of Munich, Germany (T.K.); Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Germany (T.K.); and Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (T.V.A.)
| | - Vivien Thom
- From the Department of Neurology (M. Gelderblom, P.L., V.T., P.A., B.R., C.G., T.M.), Institute of Neuropathology (C.B., M. Glatzel), Department for Neuroradiological Diagnosis and Intervention (J.S.), and Institute of Immunology (E.T.), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany; Department d'Isquèmia Cerebral i Neurodegeneració, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques de Barcelona, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Spain (M. Gallizioli, A.M.P.); Department of Neurology, Technical University of Munich, Germany (T.K.); Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Germany (T.K.); and Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (T.V.A.)
| | - Priyadharshini Arunachalam
- From the Department of Neurology (M. Gelderblom, P.L., V.T., P.A., B.R., C.G., T.M.), Institute of Neuropathology (C.B., M. Glatzel), Department for Neuroradiological Diagnosis and Intervention (J.S.), and Institute of Immunology (E.T.), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany; Department d'Isquèmia Cerebral i Neurodegeneració, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques de Barcelona, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Spain (M. Gallizioli, A.M.P.); Department of Neurology, Technical University of Munich, Germany (T.K.); Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Germany (T.K.); and Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (T.V.A.)
| | - Björn Rissiek
- From the Department of Neurology (M. Gelderblom, P.L., V.T., P.A., B.R., C.G., T.M.), Institute of Neuropathology (C.B., M. Glatzel), Department for Neuroradiological Diagnosis and Intervention (J.S.), and Institute of Immunology (E.T.), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany; Department d'Isquèmia Cerebral i Neurodegeneració, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques de Barcelona, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Spain (M. Gallizioli, A.M.P.); Department of Neurology, Technical University of Munich, Germany (T.K.); Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Germany (T.K.); and Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (T.V.A.)
| | - Christian Bernreuther
- From the Department of Neurology (M. Gelderblom, P.L., V.T., P.A., B.R., C.G., T.M.), Institute of Neuropathology (C.B., M. Glatzel), Department for Neuroradiological Diagnosis and Intervention (J.S.), and Institute of Immunology (E.T.), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany; Department d'Isquèmia Cerebral i Neurodegeneració, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques de Barcelona, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Spain (M. Gallizioli, A.M.P.); Department of Neurology, Technical University of Munich, Germany (T.K.); Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Germany (T.K.); and Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (T.V.A.)
| | - Markus Glatzel
- From the Department of Neurology (M. Gelderblom, P.L., V.T., P.A., B.R., C.G., T.M.), Institute of Neuropathology (C.B., M. Glatzel), Department for Neuroradiological Diagnosis and Intervention (J.S.), and Institute of Immunology (E.T.), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany; Department d'Isquèmia Cerebral i Neurodegeneració, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques de Barcelona, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Spain (M. Gallizioli, A.M.P.); Department of Neurology, Technical University of Munich, Germany (T.K.); Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Germany (T.K.); and Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (T.V.A.)
| | - Thomas Korn
- From the Department of Neurology (M. Gelderblom, P.L., V.T., P.A., B.R., C.G., T.M.), Institute of Neuropathology (C.B., M. Glatzel), Department for Neuroradiological Diagnosis and Intervention (J.S.), and Institute of Immunology (E.T.), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany; Department d'Isquèmia Cerebral i Neurodegeneració, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques de Barcelona, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Spain (M. Gallizioli, A.M.P.); Department of Neurology, Technical University of Munich, Germany (T.K.); Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Germany (T.K.); and Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (T.V.A.)
| | - Thiruma Valavan Arumugam
- From the Department of Neurology (M. Gelderblom, P.L., V.T., P.A., B.R., C.G., T.M.), Institute of Neuropathology (C.B., M. Glatzel), Department for Neuroradiological Diagnosis and Intervention (J.S.), and Institute of Immunology (E.T.), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany; Department d'Isquèmia Cerebral i Neurodegeneració, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques de Barcelona, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Spain (M. Gallizioli, A.M.P.); Department of Neurology, Technical University of Munich, Germany (T.K.); Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Germany (T.K.); and Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (T.V.A.)
| | - Jan Sedlacik
- From the Department of Neurology (M. Gelderblom, P.L., V.T., P.A., B.R., C.G., T.M.), Institute of Neuropathology (C.B., M. Glatzel), Department for Neuroradiological Diagnosis and Intervention (J.S.), and Institute of Immunology (E.T.), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany; Department d'Isquèmia Cerebral i Neurodegeneració, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques de Barcelona, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Spain (M. Gallizioli, A.M.P.); Department of Neurology, Technical University of Munich, Germany (T.K.); Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Germany (T.K.); and Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (T.V.A.)
| | - Christian Gerloff
- From the Department of Neurology (M. Gelderblom, P.L., V.T., P.A., B.R., C.G., T.M.), Institute of Neuropathology (C.B., M. Glatzel), Department for Neuroradiological Diagnosis and Intervention (J.S.), and Institute of Immunology (E.T.), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany; Department d'Isquèmia Cerebral i Neurodegeneració, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques de Barcelona, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Spain (M. Gallizioli, A.M.P.); Department of Neurology, Technical University of Munich, Germany (T.K.); Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Germany (T.K.); and Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (T.V.A.)
| | - Eva Tolosa
- From the Department of Neurology (M. Gelderblom, P.L., V.T., P.A., B.R., C.G., T.M.), Institute of Neuropathology (C.B., M. Glatzel), Department for Neuroradiological Diagnosis and Intervention (J.S.), and Institute of Immunology (E.T.), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany; Department d'Isquèmia Cerebral i Neurodegeneració, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques de Barcelona, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Spain (M. Gallizioli, A.M.P.); Department of Neurology, Technical University of Munich, Germany (T.K.); Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Germany (T.K.); and Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (T.V.A.)
| | - Anna M Planas
- From the Department of Neurology (M. Gelderblom, P.L., V.T., P.A., B.R., C.G., T.M.), Institute of Neuropathology (C.B., M. Glatzel), Department for Neuroradiological Diagnosis and Intervention (J.S.), and Institute of Immunology (E.T.), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany; Department d'Isquèmia Cerebral i Neurodegeneració, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques de Barcelona, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Spain (M. Gallizioli, A.M.P.); Department of Neurology, Technical University of Munich, Germany (T.K.); Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Germany (T.K.); and Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (T.V.A.)
| | - Tim Magnus
- From the Department of Neurology (M. Gelderblom, P.L., V.T., P.A., B.R., C.G., T.M.), Institute of Neuropathology (C.B., M. Glatzel), Department for Neuroradiological Diagnosis and Intervention (J.S.), and Institute of Immunology (E.T.), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany; Department d'Isquèmia Cerebral i Neurodegeneració, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques de Barcelona, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Spain (M. Gallizioli, A.M.P.); Department of Neurology, Technical University of Munich, Germany (T.K.); Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Germany (T.K.); and Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (T.V.A.).
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Bremer Pais I, Bernreuther C, Minnemann T, Saeger W, Hagel C, Iking-Konert C, Aberle J, Flitsch J. A 42-Year-Old Male with Diabetes Insipidus. Brain Pathol 2017; 27:695-696. [PMID: 28805007 DOI: 10.1111/bpa.12541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- I Bremer Pais
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - C Bernreuther
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - T Minnemann
- amedes MVZ Hamburg GmbH, Mönckebergstraße 10, Hamburg, 20095, Germany
| | - W Saeger
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - C Hagel
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - C Iking-Konert
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - J Aberle
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - J Flitsch
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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Bernreuther C, Illies C, Flitsch J, Buchfelder M, Buslei R, Glatzel M, Saeger W. IgG4-related hypophysitis is highly prevalent among cases of histologically confirmed hypophysitis. Brain Pathol 2017; 27:839-845. [PMID: 27864854 DOI: 10.1111/bpa.12459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2016] [Accepted: 11/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
IgG4-related disease is an immune-mediated disease with manifestations in most organ systems among them the pituitary gland. To date, few cases of histologically confirmed cases of IgG-related hypophysitis have been reported. The aim of this study was to retrospectively determine the prevalence of IgG4-related hypophysitis among cases previously diagnosed as primary hypophysitis (lymphocytic hypophysitis, granulomatous hypophysitis and hypophysitis not otherwise specified). Histological and immunohistochemical analysis revealed that 12 of 29 cases (41.4%) previously diagnosed as primary hypophysitis fulfilled the criteria for IgG4-related disease and, thus, IgG4-related hypophysitis should always be considered in the differential diagnosis of primary hypophysitis. All cases of IgG4-related hypophysitis showed a dense lymphoplasmacytic infiltrate with more than 10 IgG4-positive cells per high power field and a ratio of IgG4/IgG-positive cells of more than 40%, whereas storiform fibrosis was an inconsistent histological feature and was also seen in few cases of non-IgG-related hypophysitis, thus lacking sensitivity and specificity. Obliterative phlebitis was not seen in any case. Thus, histological criteria defined for IgG4-related disease in other organs should be modified for IgG4-related hypophysitis, accordingly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Bernreuther
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christopher Illies
- Department of Pathology, Karolinska Institute and University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jörg Flitsch
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Michael Buchfelder
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Rolf Buslei
- Institute of Neuropathology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Markus Glatzel
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Saeger
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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Thom V, Schmid S, Gelderblom M, Hackbusch R, Kolster M, Schuster S, Thomalla G, Keminer O, Pleß O, Bernreuther C, Glatzel M, Wegscheider K, Gerloff C, Magnus T, Tolosa E. IL-17 production by CSF lymphocytes as a biomarker for cerebral vasculitis. Neurol Neuroimmunol Neuroinflamm 2016; 3:e214. [PMID: 27144213 PMCID: PMC4841502 DOI: 10.1212/nxi.0000000000000214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2015] [Accepted: 01/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the possibility of using interleukin-17 (IL-17) production by CD4+ T cells in the CSF as a potential biomarker for cerebral vasculitis in stroke patients. METHODS In this consecutive case study, we performed prospective analysis of CSF and blood in patients admitted to a university medical center with symptoms of stroke and suspected cerebral vasculitis. Flow cytometry was performed for intracellular detection of inflammatory cytokines in peripheral blood lymphocytes and expanded T cells from CSF. RESULTS CSF CD4+ lymphocytes from patients with cerebral vasculitis showed significantly higher levels of the proinflammatory cytokine IL-17 compared to patients with stroke not due to vasculitis or with other, noninflammatory neurologic diseases. There was no difference in the production of interferon-γ in the CSF and no overall differences in the relative frequencies of peripheral immune cells. CONCLUSIONS Intracellular IL-17 in CSF cells is potentially useful in discriminating cerebral vasculitis as a rare cause in patients presenting with ischemic stroke. CLASSIFICATION OF EVIDENCE This study provides Class II evidence that an increased proportion of IL-17-producing CD4+ cells in CSF of patients presenting with stroke symptoms is indicative of cerebral vasculitis (sensitivity 73%, 95% confidence interval [CI] 39-94%; specificity 100%, 95% CI 74%-100%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivien Thom
- Departments of Immunology (V.T., R.H., M.K., E.T.), Neurology (V.T., S.S., M.G., S.S., G.T., C.G., T.M.), Neuropathology (C.B., M.G.), and Medical Biometry and Epidemiology (K.W.), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf; and IME Screening Port (O.K., O.P.), Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sabrina Schmid
- Departments of Immunology (V.T., R.H., M.K., E.T.), Neurology (V.T., S.S., M.G., S.S., G.T., C.G., T.M.), Neuropathology (C.B., M.G.), and Medical Biometry and Epidemiology (K.W.), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf; and IME Screening Port (O.K., O.P.), Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Mathias Gelderblom
- Departments of Immunology (V.T., R.H., M.K., E.T.), Neurology (V.T., S.S., M.G., S.S., G.T., C.G., T.M.), Neuropathology (C.B., M.G.), and Medical Biometry and Epidemiology (K.W.), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf; and IME Screening Port (O.K., O.P.), Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Romy Hackbusch
- Departments of Immunology (V.T., R.H., M.K., E.T.), Neurology (V.T., S.S., M.G., S.S., G.T., C.G., T.M.), Neuropathology (C.B., M.G.), and Medical Biometry and Epidemiology (K.W.), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf; and IME Screening Port (O.K., O.P.), Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Manuela Kolster
- Departments of Immunology (V.T., R.H., M.K., E.T.), Neurology (V.T., S.S., M.G., S.S., G.T., C.G., T.M.), Neuropathology (C.B., M.G.), and Medical Biometry and Epidemiology (K.W.), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf; and IME Screening Port (O.K., O.P.), Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Simon Schuster
- Departments of Immunology (V.T., R.H., M.K., E.T.), Neurology (V.T., S.S., M.G., S.S., G.T., C.G., T.M.), Neuropathology (C.B., M.G.), and Medical Biometry and Epidemiology (K.W.), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf; and IME Screening Port (O.K., O.P.), Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Götz Thomalla
- Departments of Immunology (V.T., R.H., M.K., E.T.), Neurology (V.T., S.S., M.G., S.S., G.T., C.G., T.M.), Neuropathology (C.B., M.G.), and Medical Biometry and Epidemiology (K.W.), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf; and IME Screening Port (O.K., O.P.), Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Oliver Keminer
- Departments of Immunology (V.T., R.H., M.K., E.T.), Neurology (V.T., S.S., M.G., S.S., G.T., C.G., T.M.), Neuropathology (C.B., M.G.), and Medical Biometry and Epidemiology (K.W.), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf; and IME Screening Port (O.K., O.P.), Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ole Pleß
- Departments of Immunology (V.T., R.H., M.K., E.T.), Neurology (V.T., S.S., M.G., S.S., G.T., C.G., T.M.), Neuropathology (C.B., M.G.), and Medical Biometry and Epidemiology (K.W.), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf; and IME Screening Port (O.K., O.P.), Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christian Bernreuther
- Departments of Immunology (V.T., R.H., M.K., E.T.), Neurology (V.T., S.S., M.G., S.S., G.T., C.G., T.M.), Neuropathology (C.B., M.G.), and Medical Biometry and Epidemiology (K.W.), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf; and IME Screening Port (O.K., O.P.), Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Markus Glatzel
- Departments of Immunology (V.T., R.H., M.K., E.T.), Neurology (V.T., S.S., M.G., S.S., G.T., C.G., T.M.), Neuropathology (C.B., M.G.), and Medical Biometry and Epidemiology (K.W.), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf; and IME Screening Port (O.K., O.P.), Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Karl Wegscheider
- Departments of Immunology (V.T., R.H., M.K., E.T.), Neurology (V.T., S.S., M.G., S.S., G.T., C.G., T.M.), Neuropathology (C.B., M.G.), and Medical Biometry and Epidemiology (K.W.), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf; and IME Screening Port (O.K., O.P.), Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christian Gerloff
- Departments of Immunology (V.T., R.H., M.K., E.T.), Neurology (V.T., S.S., M.G., S.S., G.T., C.G., T.M.), Neuropathology (C.B., M.G.), and Medical Biometry and Epidemiology (K.W.), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf; and IME Screening Port (O.K., O.P.), Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Tim Magnus
- Departments of Immunology (V.T., R.H., M.K., E.T.), Neurology (V.T., S.S., M.G., S.S., G.T., C.G., T.M.), Neuropathology (C.B., M.G.), and Medical Biometry and Epidemiology (K.W.), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf; and IME Screening Port (O.K., O.P.), Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Eva Tolosa
- Departments of Immunology (V.T., R.H., M.K., E.T.), Neurology (V.T., S.S., M.G., S.S., G.T., C.G., T.M.), Neuropathology (C.B., M.G.), and Medical Biometry and Epidemiology (K.W.), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf; and IME Screening Port (O.K., O.P.), Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology, Hamburg, Germany
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Flitsch J, Schmid SM, Bernreuther C, Winterberg B, Ritter MM, Lehnert H, Burkhardt T. A pitfall in diagnosing Cushing's disease: ectopic ACTH-producing pituitary adenoma in the sphenoid sinus. Pituitary 2015; 18:279-82. [PMID: 25129688 DOI: 10.1007/s11102-014-0591-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To show a rare case of Cushing's disease and possible cause of failed transsphenoidal surgery. METHOD We report on a 50-year-old woman suffering from ACTH-dependent Cushing's syndrome. Endocrinological work-up including low-dose/high-dose dexamethasone test (Liddle-test) and CRH test were clearly compatible with pituitary origin. Although an MRI showed no pituitary tumor, CRH-stimulated petrosal sinus sampling revealed a significant central-peripheral gradient in ACTH concentrations, rendering Cushing's disease very likely. The patient underwent transsphenoidal surgery with negative exploration of the pituitary gland. After intraoperative re-evaluation of the preoperative MRI, a "polyp" at the bottom of the sphenoid sinus was identified. The intraoperative microscopic aspect as well as instantaneous sections and cytology of a biopsy confirmed an adenoma, which was then removed. Histological analysis demonstrated an ACTH-producing pituitary adenoma adjacent to respiratory mucous membrane consisting of ciliated epithelium with submucous connective tissue. Postoperatively, ACTH concentrations were decreased and intermittent hydrocortisone substitution treatment was initiated. At the 3-month follow up, Cushing's stigmata were found to be alleviated and the hydrocortisone dosage could be reduced. CONCLUSION Ectopic pituitary adenoma tissue causing Cushing's disease is extremely rare but a potential cause for surgical failure or re-evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Flitsch
- Department of Neurosurgery, Bereich Hypophysenchirurgie, Neurochirurgische Klinik, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Martinistraße 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany,
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Altmeppen HC, Prox J, Krasemann S, Puig B, Kruszewski K, Dohler F, Bernreuther C, Hoxha A, Linsenmeier L, Sikorska B, Liberski PP, Bartsch U, Saftig P, Glatzel M. The sheddase ADAM10 is a potent modulator of prion disease. eLife 2015; 4. [PMID: 25654651 PMCID: PMC4346534 DOI: 10.7554/elife.04260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2014] [Accepted: 02/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The prion protein (PrPC) is highly expressed in the nervous system and critically involved in prion diseases where it misfolds into pathogenic PrPSc. Moreover, it has been suggested as a receptor mediating neurotoxicity in common neurodegenerative proteinopathies such as Alzheimer's disease. PrPC is shed at the plasma membrane by the metalloprotease ADAM10, yet the impact of this on prion disease remains enigmatic. Employing conditional knockout mice, we show that depletion of ADAM10 in forebrain neurons leads to posttranslational increase of PrPC levels. Upon prion infection of these mice, clinical, biochemical, and morphological data reveal that lack of ADAM10 significantly reduces incubation times and increases PrPSc formation. In contrast, spatiotemporal analysis indicates that absence of shedding impairs spread of prion pathology. Our data support a dual role for ADAM10-mediated shedding and highlight the role of proteolytic processing in prion disease. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.04260.001 Prion proteins are anchored to the surface of brain cells called neurons. Normally, prion proteins are folded into a specific three-dimensional shape that enables them to carry out their normal roles in the brain. However, they can be misfolded into a different shape known as PrPSc, which can cause Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease and other serious conditions that affect brain function and ultimately lead to death. The PrPSc proteins can force normal prion proteins to change into the PrPSc form, so that over time this form accumulates in the brain. They are essential components of infectious particles termed ‘prions’ and this is why prion diseases are infectious: if prions from one individual enter the brain of another individual they can cause disease in the recipient. The UK outbreak of variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in humans in the 1990s is thought to be due to the consumption of meat from cattle with a prion disease known as mad cow disease. An enzyme called ADAM10 can cut normal prion proteins from the surface of neurons. However, it is not clear whether ADAM10 can also target the PrPSc proteins and what impact this may have on the development of prion diseases. Here, Altmeppen et al. studied mutant mice that were missing ADAM10 in neurons in the front portion of their brain. These mice had a higher number of normal prion proteins on the surface of their neurons than normal mice did. When mice missing ADAM10 were infected with prions, more PrPSc accumulated in their brain and disease symptoms developed sooner than when normal mice were infected. This supports the view that mice with higher numbers of prion proteins are more vulnerable to prion disease. However, disease symptoms did not spread as quickly to other parts of the brain in the mice missing ADAM10. This suggests that by releasing prion proteins from the surface of neurons, ADAM10 helps PrPSc proteins to spread around the brain. Recently, it has been suggested that prion proteins may also play a role in Alzheimer's disease and other neurodegenerative conditions. Therefore, Altmeppen et al.'s findings may help to develop new therapies for other forms of dementia. The next challenge is to understand the precise details of how ADAM10 works. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.04260.002
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Affiliation(s)
- Hermann C Altmeppen
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Johannes Prox
- Institute of Biochemistry, Christian Albrechts University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Susanne Krasemann
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Berta Puig
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Katharina Kruszewski
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Frank Dohler
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christian Bernreuther
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ana Hoxha
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Luise Linsenmeier
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Beata Sikorska
- Department of Molecular Pathology and Neuropathology, Medical University Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Pawel P Liberski
- Department of Molecular Pathology and Neuropathology, Medical University Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Udo Bartsch
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Paul Saftig
- Institute of Biochemistry, Christian Albrechts University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Markus Glatzel
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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Gelderblom M, Melzer N, Schattling B, Göb E, Hicking G, Arunachalam P, Bittner S, Ufer F, Herrmann AM, Bernreuther C, Glatzel M, Gerloff C, Kleinschnitz C, Meuth SG, Friese MA, Magnus T. TRPM2 cation channel regulates detrimental immune cell invasion in ischemic stroke. J Neuroimmunol 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2014.08.265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Gelderblom M, Melzer N, Schattling B, Göb E, Hicking G, Arunachalam P, Bittner S, Ufer F, Herrmann AM, Bernreuther C, Glatzel M, Gerloff C, Kleinschnitz C, Meuth SG, Friese MA, Magnus T. Transient receptor potential melastatin subfamily member 2 cation channel regulates detrimental immune cell invasion in ischemic stroke. Stroke 2014; 45:3395-402. [PMID: 25236871 DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.114.005836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Brain injury during stroke results in oxidative stress and the release of factors that include extracellular Ca(2+), hydrogen peroxide, adenosine diphosphate ribose, and nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide phosphate. These alterations of the extracellular milieu change the activity of transient receptor potential melastatin subfamily member 2 (TRPM2), a nonselective cation channel expressed in the central nervous system and the immune system. Our goal was to evaluate the contribution of TRPM2 to the tissue damage after stroke. METHODS In accordance with current quality guidelines, we independently characterized Trpm2 in a murine ischemic stroke model in 2 different laboratories. RESULTS Gene deficiency of Trpm2 resulted in significantly improved neurological outcome and decreased infarct size. Besides an already known moderate neuroprotective effect of Trpm2 deficiency in vitro, ischemic brain invasion by neutrophils and macrophages was particularly reduced in Trpm2-deficient mice. Bone marrow chimeric mice revealed that Trpm2 deficiency in the peripheral immune system is responsible for the protective phenotype. Furthermore, experiments with mixed bone marrow chimeras demonstrated that Trpm2 is essential for the migration of neutrophils and, to a lesser extent, also of macrophages into ischemic hemispheres. Notably, the pharmacological TRPM2 inhibitor, N-(p-amylcinnamoyl)anthranilic acid, was equally protective in the stroke model. CONCLUSIONS Although a neuroprotective effect of TRPM2 in vitro is well known, we can show for the first time that the detrimental role of TRPM2 in stroke primarily depends on its role in activating peripheral immune cells. Targeting TRPM2 systemically represents a promising therapeutic approach for ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathias Gelderblom
- From the Department of Neurology (M. Gelderblom, P.A., C.G., T.M.), Institute of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis (B.S., F.U., M.A.F.), and Institute of Neuropathology (C.B., M. Glatzel), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Department of Neurology, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany (N.M., G.H., S.B., A.M.H., S.G.M.); and Department of Neurology, University Clinics Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany (E.G., C.K.)
| | - Nico Melzer
- From the Department of Neurology (M. Gelderblom, P.A., C.G., T.M.), Institute of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis (B.S., F.U., M.A.F.), and Institute of Neuropathology (C.B., M. Glatzel), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Department of Neurology, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany (N.M., G.H., S.B., A.M.H., S.G.M.); and Department of Neurology, University Clinics Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany (E.G., C.K.)
| | - Benjamin Schattling
- From the Department of Neurology (M. Gelderblom, P.A., C.G., T.M.), Institute of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis (B.S., F.U., M.A.F.), and Institute of Neuropathology (C.B., M. Glatzel), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Department of Neurology, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany (N.M., G.H., S.B., A.M.H., S.G.M.); and Department of Neurology, University Clinics Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany (E.G., C.K.)
| | - Eva Göb
- From the Department of Neurology (M. Gelderblom, P.A., C.G., T.M.), Institute of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis (B.S., F.U., M.A.F.), and Institute of Neuropathology (C.B., M. Glatzel), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Department of Neurology, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany (N.M., G.H., S.B., A.M.H., S.G.M.); and Department of Neurology, University Clinics Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany (E.G., C.K.)
| | - Gordon Hicking
- From the Department of Neurology (M. Gelderblom, P.A., C.G., T.M.), Institute of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis (B.S., F.U., M.A.F.), and Institute of Neuropathology (C.B., M. Glatzel), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Department of Neurology, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany (N.M., G.H., S.B., A.M.H., S.G.M.); and Department of Neurology, University Clinics Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany (E.G., C.K.)
| | - Priyadharshini Arunachalam
- From the Department of Neurology (M. Gelderblom, P.A., C.G., T.M.), Institute of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis (B.S., F.U., M.A.F.), and Institute of Neuropathology (C.B., M. Glatzel), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Department of Neurology, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany (N.M., G.H., S.B., A.M.H., S.G.M.); and Department of Neurology, University Clinics Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany (E.G., C.K.)
| | - Stefan Bittner
- From the Department of Neurology (M. Gelderblom, P.A., C.G., T.M.), Institute of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis (B.S., F.U., M.A.F.), and Institute of Neuropathology (C.B., M. Glatzel), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Department of Neurology, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany (N.M., G.H., S.B., A.M.H., S.G.M.); and Department of Neurology, University Clinics Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany (E.G., C.K.)
| | - Friederike Ufer
- From the Department of Neurology (M. Gelderblom, P.A., C.G., T.M.), Institute of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis (B.S., F.U., M.A.F.), and Institute of Neuropathology (C.B., M. Glatzel), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Department of Neurology, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany (N.M., G.H., S.B., A.M.H., S.G.M.); and Department of Neurology, University Clinics Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany (E.G., C.K.)
| | - Alexander M Herrmann
- From the Department of Neurology (M. Gelderblom, P.A., C.G., T.M.), Institute of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis (B.S., F.U., M.A.F.), and Institute of Neuropathology (C.B., M. Glatzel), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Department of Neurology, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany (N.M., G.H., S.B., A.M.H., S.G.M.); and Department of Neurology, University Clinics Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany (E.G., C.K.)
| | - Christian Bernreuther
- From the Department of Neurology (M. Gelderblom, P.A., C.G., T.M.), Institute of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis (B.S., F.U., M.A.F.), and Institute of Neuropathology (C.B., M. Glatzel), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Department of Neurology, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany (N.M., G.H., S.B., A.M.H., S.G.M.); and Department of Neurology, University Clinics Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany (E.G., C.K.)
| | - Markus Glatzel
- From the Department of Neurology (M. Gelderblom, P.A., C.G., T.M.), Institute of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis (B.S., F.U., M.A.F.), and Institute of Neuropathology (C.B., M. Glatzel), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Department of Neurology, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany (N.M., G.H., S.B., A.M.H., S.G.M.); and Department of Neurology, University Clinics Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany (E.G., C.K.)
| | - Christian Gerloff
- From the Department of Neurology (M. Gelderblom, P.A., C.G., T.M.), Institute of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis (B.S., F.U., M.A.F.), and Institute of Neuropathology (C.B., M. Glatzel), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Department of Neurology, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany (N.M., G.H., S.B., A.M.H., S.G.M.); and Department of Neurology, University Clinics Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany (E.G., C.K.)
| | - Christoph Kleinschnitz
- From the Department of Neurology (M. Gelderblom, P.A., C.G., T.M.), Institute of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis (B.S., F.U., M.A.F.), and Institute of Neuropathology (C.B., M. Glatzel), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Department of Neurology, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany (N.M., G.H., S.B., A.M.H., S.G.M.); and Department of Neurology, University Clinics Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany (E.G., C.K.)
| | - Sven G Meuth
- From the Department of Neurology (M. Gelderblom, P.A., C.G., T.M.), Institute of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis (B.S., F.U., M.A.F.), and Institute of Neuropathology (C.B., M. Glatzel), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Department of Neurology, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany (N.M., G.H., S.B., A.M.H., S.G.M.); and Department of Neurology, University Clinics Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany (E.G., C.K.)
| | - Manuel A Friese
- From the Department of Neurology (M. Gelderblom, P.A., C.G., T.M.), Institute of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis (B.S., F.U., M.A.F.), and Institute of Neuropathology (C.B., M. Glatzel), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Department of Neurology, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany (N.M., G.H., S.B., A.M.H., S.G.M.); and Department of Neurology, University Clinics Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany (E.G., C.K.).
| | - Tim Magnus
- From the Department of Neurology (M. Gelderblom, P.A., C.G., T.M.), Institute of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis (B.S., F.U., M.A.F.), and Institute of Neuropathology (C.B., M. Glatzel), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Department of Neurology, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany (N.M., G.H., S.B., A.M.H., S.G.M.); and Department of Neurology, University Clinics Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany (E.G., C.K.).
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Karaca E, Weitzer S, Pehlivan D, Shiraishi H, Gogakos T, Hanada T, Jhangiani SN, Wiszniewski W, Withers M, Campbell IM, Erdin S, Isikay S, Franco LM, Gonzaga-Jauregui C, Gambin T, Gelowani V, Hunter JV, Yesil G, Koparir E, Yilmaz S, Brown M, Briskin D, Hafner M, Morozov P, Farazi TA, Bernreuther C, Glatzel M, Trattnig S, Friske J, Kronnerwetter C, Bainbridge MN, Gezdirici A, Seven M, Muzny DM, Boerwinkle E, Ozen M, Clausen T, Tuschl T, Yuksel A, Hess A, Gibbs RA, Martinez J, Penninger JM, Lupski JR. Human CLP1 mutations alter tRNA biogenesis, affecting both peripheral and central nervous system function. Cell 2014; 157:636-50. [PMID: 24766809 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2014.02.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2013] [Revised: 12/19/2013] [Accepted: 02/21/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
CLP1 is a RNA kinase involved in tRNA splicing. Recently, CLP1 kinase-dead mice were shown to display a neuromuscular disorder with loss of motor neurons and muscle paralysis. Human genome analyses now identified a CLP1 homozygous missense mutation (p.R140H) in five unrelated families, leading to a loss of CLP1 interaction with the tRNA splicing endonuclease (TSEN) complex, largely reduced pre-tRNA cleavage activity, and accumulation of linear tRNA introns. The affected individuals develop severe motor-sensory defects, cortical dysgenesis, and microcephaly. Mice carrying kinase-dead CLP1 also displayed microcephaly and reduced cortical brain volume due to the enhanced cell death of neuronal progenitors that is associated with reduced numbers of cortical neurons. Our data elucidate a neurological syndrome defined by CLP1 mutations that impair tRNA splicing. Reduction of a founder mutation to homozygosity illustrates the importance of rare variations in disease and supports the clan genomics hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ender Karaca
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Stefan Weitzer
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology (IMBA) of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Davut Pehlivan
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Hiroshi Shiraishi
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology (IMBA) of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Tasos Gogakos
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Laboratory of RNA Molecular Biology, Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Toshikatsu Hanada
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology (IMBA) of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, 1030 Vienna, Austria; Medical Innovation Center, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Shalini N Jhangiani
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Wojciech Wiszniewski
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Marjorie Withers
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Ian M Campbell
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Serkan Erdin
- Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Sedat Isikay
- Gaziantep Children's Hospital, Gaziantep 27560, Turkey
| | - Luis M Franco
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | | | - Tomasz Gambin
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Violet Gelowani
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jill V Hunter
- Department of Pediatric Radiology, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Gozde Yesil
- Department of Medical Genetics, Bezmialem University, Istanbul 34093, Turkey
| | - Erkan Koparir
- Department of Medical Genetics, Cerrahpasa Medical School of Istanbul University, Istanbul 34098, Turkey
| | - Sarenur Yilmaz
- Istanbul Medeniyet University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Genetics, Istanbul 34730, Turkey
| | - Miguel Brown
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Laboratory of RNA Molecular Biology, Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Daniel Briskin
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Laboratory of RNA Molecular Biology, Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Markus Hafner
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Laboratory of RNA Molecular Biology, Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Pavel Morozov
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Laboratory of RNA Molecular Biology, Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Thalia A Farazi
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Laboratory of RNA Molecular Biology, Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Christian Bernreuther
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Markus Glatzel
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Siegfried Trattnig
- Department of Radiology, MR Center of Excellence, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - Joachim Friske
- Department of Radiology, MR Center of Excellence, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - Claudia Kronnerwetter
- Department of Radiology, MR Center of Excellence, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - Matthew N Bainbridge
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Alper Gezdirici
- Department of Medical Genetics, Cerrahpasa Medical School of Istanbul University, Istanbul 34098, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Seven
- Department of Medical Genetics, Cerrahpasa Medical School of Istanbul University, Istanbul 34098, Turkey
| | - Donna M Muzny
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Eric Boerwinkle
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Human Genetics Center, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Mustafa Ozen
- Department of Medical Genetics, Cerrahpasa Medical School of Istanbul University, Istanbul 34098, Turkey
| | | | - Tim Clausen
- Institute of Molecular Pathology (IMP), 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Tuschl
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Laboratory of RNA Molecular Biology, Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Adnan Yuksel
- Department of Medical Genetics, Cerrahpasa Medical School of Istanbul University, Istanbul 34098, Turkey
| | - Andreas Hess
- Institute for Experimental Pharmacology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; Campus Support Facility (CSF), Vienna BioCentre, Vienna 1030, Austria
| | - Richard A Gibbs
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Javier Martinez
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology (IMBA) of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, 1030 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Josef M Penninger
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology (IMBA) of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, 1030 Vienna, Austria.
| | - James R Lupski
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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Oestereich L, Rieger T, Neumann M, Bernreuther C, Lehmann M, Krasemann S, Wurr S, Emmerich P, de Lamballerie X, Ölschläger S, Günther S. Evaluation of antiviral efficacy of ribavirin, arbidol, and T-705 (favipiravir) in a mouse model for Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2014; 8:e2804. [PMID: 24786461 PMCID: PMC4006714 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0002804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2013] [Accepted: 03/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mice lacking the type I interferon receptor (IFNAR-/- mice) reproduce relevant aspects of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) in humans, including liver damage. We aimed at characterizing the liver pathology in CCHF virus-infected IFNAR-/- mice by immunohistochemistry and employed the model to evaluate the antiviral efficacy of ribavirin, arbidol, and T-705 against CCHF virus. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS CCHF virus-infected IFNAR-/- mice died 2-6 days post infection with elevated aminotransferase levels and high virus titers in blood and organs. Main pathological alteration was acute hepatitis with extensive bridging necrosis, reactive hepatocyte proliferation, and mild to moderate inflammatory response with monocyte/macrophage activation. Virus-infected and apoptotic hepatocytes clustered in the necrotic areas. Ribavirin, arbidol, and T-705 suppressed virus replication in vitro by ≥3 log units (IC50 0.6-2.8 µg/ml; IC90 1.2-4.7 µg/ml). Ribavirin [100 mg/(kg×d)] did not increase the survival rate of IFNAR-/- mice, but prolonged the time to death (p<0.001) and reduced the aminotransferase levels and the virus titers. Arbidol [150 mg/(kg×d)] had no efficacy in vivo. Animals treated with T-705 at 1 h [15, 30, and 300 mg/(kg×d)] or up to 2 days [300 mg/(kg×d)] post infection survived, showed no signs of disease, and had no virus in blood and organs. Co-administration of ribavirin and T-705 yielded beneficial rather than adverse effects. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE Activated hepatic macrophages and monocyte-derived cells may play a role in the proinflammatory cytokine response in CCHF. Clustering of infected hepatocytes in necrotic areas without marked inflammation suggests viral cytopathic effects. T-705 is highly potent against CCHF virus in vitro and in vivo. Its in vivo efficacy exceeds that of the current standard drug for treatment of CCHF, ribavirin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Oestereich
- Department of Virology, Bernhard-Nocht-Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
- German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Hamburg, Germany
| | - Toni Rieger
- Department of Virology, Bernhard-Nocht-Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
- German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Hamburg, Germany
| | - Melanie Neumann
- Mouse Pathology Core Facility, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christian Bernreuther
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Maria Lehmann
- Department of Virology, Bernhard-Nocht-Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
- German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Hamburg, Germany
| | - Susanne Krasemann
- Mouse Pathology Core Facility, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Stephanie Wurr
- Department of Virology, Bernhard-Nocht-Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
- German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Hamburg, Germany
| | - Petra Emmerich
- Department of Virology, Bernhard-Nocht-Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
- German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Hamburg, Germany
| | - Xavier de Lamballerie
- Aix Marseille Université, IRD French Institute of Research for Development, EHESP French School of Public Health, UMR_D 190 “Emergence des Pathologies Virales”, Marseille, France
| | - Stephan Ölschläger
- Department of Virology, Bernhard-Nocht-Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Stephan Günther
- Department of Virology, Bernhard-Nocht-Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
- German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Hamburg, Germany
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83
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Xu JC, Xiao MF, Jakovcevski I, Sivukhina E, Hargus G, Cui YF, Irintchev A, Schachner M, Bernreuther C. The extracellular matrix glycoprotein tenascin-R regulates neurogenesis during development and in the adult dentate gyrus of mice. Development 2014. [DOI: 10.1242/dev.108605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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84
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Gelderblom M, Daehn T, Schattling B, Ludewig P, Bernreuther C, Arunachalam P, Matschke J, Glatzel M, Gerloff C, Friese MA, Magnus T. Plasma levels of neuron specific enolase quantify the extent of neuronal injury in murine models of ischemic stroke and multiple sclerosis. Neurobiol Dis 2013; 59:177-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2013.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2013] [Revised: 07/23/2013] [Accepted: 07/29/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
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85
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Bogner S, Bernreuther C, Matschke J, Barrera-Ocampo A, Sepulveda-Falla D, Leypoldt F, Magnus T, Haag F, Bergmann M, Brück W, Vogelgesang S, Glatzel M. Immune activation in amyloid-β-related angiitis correlates with decreased parenchymal amyloid-β plaque load. NEURODEGENER DIS 2013; 13:38-44. [PMID: 24021982 DOI: 10.1159/000352020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2012] [Accepted: 05/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Primary angiitis of the central nervous system (PACNS) is a rare but serious condition. A fraction of patients suffering from PACNS concurrently exhibit pronounced cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) which is characterized by deposits of amyloid-β (Aβ) in and around the walls of small and medium-sized arteries of the brain. PACNS with CAA has been identified as a distinct disease entity, termed Aβ-related angiitis (ABRA). Evidence points to an immune reaction to vessel wall Aβ as the trigger of vasculitis. OBJECTIVE To investigate whether the inflammatory response to Aβ has (1) any effect on the status of immune activation in the brain parenchyma and (2) leads to clearance of Aβ from brain parenchyma. METHODS We studied immune activation and Aβ load by quantitative immunohistochemical analysis in brain parenchyma adjacent to affected vessels in 11 ABRA patients and 10 matched CAA controls. RESULTS ABRA patients showed significantly increased immune activation and decreased Aβ loads in the brain parenchyma adjacent to affected vessels. CONCLUSION Our results are in line with the hypothesis of ABRA being the result of an excessive immune response to Aβ and show that this can lead to enhanced clearance of Aβ from the brain parenchyma by immune-mediated mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Bogner
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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86
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Ludewig P, Sedlacik J, Gelderblom M, Bernreuther C, Korkusuz Y, Wagener C, Gerloff C, Fiehler J, Magnus T, Horst AK. Carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 1 inhibits MMP-9-mediated blood-brain-barrier breakdown in a mouse model for ischemic stroke. Circ Res 2013; 113:1013-22. [PMID: 23780386 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.113.301207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Blood-brain-barrier (BBB) breakdown and cerebral edema result from postischemic inflammation and contribute to mortality and morbidity after ischemic stroke. A functional role for the carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 1 (CEACAM1) in the regulation of reperfusion injury has not yet been demonstrated. OBJECTIVE We sought to identify and characterize the relevance of CEACAM1-expressing inflammatory cells in BBB breakdown and outcome after ischemic stroke in Ceacam1(-/-) and wild-type mice. METHODS AND RESULTS Focal ischemia was induced by temporary occlusion of the middle cerebral artery with a microfilament. Using MRI and Evans blue permeability assays, we observed increased stroke volumes, BBB breakdown and edema formation, reduction of cerebral perfusion, and brain atrophy in Ceacam1(-/-) mice. This translated into poor performance in neurological scoring and high poststroke-associated mortality. Elevated neutrophil influx, hyperproduction, and release of neutrophil-related matrix metalloproteinase-9 in Ceacam1(-/-) mice were confirmed by immune fluorescence, flow cytometry, zymography, and stimulation of neutrophils. Importantly, neutralization of matrix metalloproteinase-9 activity in Ceacam1(-/-) mice was sufficient to alleviate stroke sizes and improve survival to the level of CEACAM1-competent animals. Immune histochemistry of murine and human poststroke autoptic brains congruently identified abundance of CEACAM1(+)matrix metalloproteinase-9(+) neutrophils in the ischemic hemispheres. CONCLUSIONS CEACAM1 controls matrix metalloproteinase-9 secretion by neutrophils in postischemic inflammation at the BBB after stroke. We propose CEACAM1 as an important inhibitory regulator of neutrophil-mediated tissue damage and BBB breakdown in focal cerebral ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Ludewig
- From the Institute of Clinical Chemistry, Department of Neurology, Department of Neuropathology, and Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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87
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Gelderblom M, Neumann M, Ludewig P, Bernreuther C, Krasemann S, Arunachalam P, Gerloff C, Glatzel M, Magnus T. Deficiency in serine protease inhibitor neuroserpin exacerbates ischemic brain injury by increased postischemic inflammation. PLoS One 2013; 8:e63118. [PMID: 23658802 PMCID: PMC3643909 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0063118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2012] [Accepted: 03/28/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The only approved pharmacological treatment for ischemic stroke is intravenous administration of plasminogen activator (tPA) to re-canalize the occluded cerebral vessel. Not only reperfusion but also tPA itself can induce an inflammatory response. Microglia are the innate immune cells of the central nervous system and the first immune cells to become activated in stroke. Neuroserpin, an endogenous inhibitor of tPA, is up-regulated following cerebral ischemia. To examine neuroserpin-dependent mechanisms of neuroprotection in stroke, we studied neuroserpin deficient (Ns(-/-))mice in an animal model of temporal focal ischemic stroke. Infarct size and neurological outcome were worse in neuroserpin deficient mice even though the fibrinolytic activity in the ischemic brain was increased. The increased infarct size was paralleled by a selective increase in proinflammatory microglia activation in Ns(-/-) mice. Our results show excessive microglial activation in Ns(-/-) mice mediated by an increased activity of tPA. This activation results in a worse outcome further underscoring the potential detrimental proinflammatory effects of tPA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathias Gelderblom
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Melanie Neumann
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Peter Ludewig
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christian Bernreuther
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Susanne Krasemann
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Christian Gerloff
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Markus Glatzel
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Tim Magnus
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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88
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Riant F, Bergametti F, Fournier HD, Chapon F, Michalak-Provost S, Cecillon M, Lejeune P, Hosseini H, Choe C, Orth M, Bernreuther C, Boulday G, Denier C, Labauge P, Tournier-Lasserve E. CCM3 Mutations Are Associated with Early-Onset Cerebral Hemorrhage and Multiple Meningiomas. Mol Syndromol 2013; 4:165-72. [PMID: 23801932 DOI: 10.1159/000350042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations of CCM3/PDCD10 cause 10-15% of hereditary cerebral cavernous malformations. The phenotypic characterization of CCM3-mutated patients has been hampered by the limited number of patients harboring a mutation in this gene. This is the first report on molecular and clinical features of a large cohort of CCM3 patients. Molecular screening for point mutations and deletions was used to identify 54 CCM3-mutated index patients. Age at referral and clinical onset, type of inaugural events and presence of extra-axial lesions were investigated in these 54 index patients and 22 of their mutated relatives. Mean age at clinical onset was 23.0 ± 16 years. Clinical onset occurred before 10 years in 26% of the patients, and cerebral hemorrhage was the initial presentation in 72% of these patients. Multiple extra-axial, dural-based lesions were detected in 7 unrelated patients. These lesions proved to be meningiomas in 3 patients who underwent neurosurgery and pathological examination. This 'multiple meningiomas' phenotype is not associated with a specific CCM3 mutation. Hence, CCM3 mutations are associated with a high risk of early-onset cerebral hemorrhage and with the presence of multiple meningiomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Riant
- Service de Génétique Neuro-Vasculaire, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France ; Centre de Référence des Maladies Vasculaires Rares du Cerveau et de L'Œil, Groupe Hospitalier Lariboisière - Fernand Widal, Paris, France ; Unité Mixte de Recherche-S-740, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Paris, France ; Unité Mixte de Recherche-S-740, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
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89
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Priester M, Copanaki E, Vafaizadeh V, Hensel S, Bernreuther C, Glatzel M, Seifert V, Groner B, Kögel D, Weissenberger J. STAT3 silencing inhibits glioma single cell infiltration and tumor growth. Neuro Oncol 2013; 15:840-52. [PMID: 23486688 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/not025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diffuse infiltration remains the fulcrum of glioblastoma's incurability, leading inevitably to recurrence. Therefore, uncovering the pathological mechanism is imperative. Because signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) correlates with glioma malignancy and predicts poor clinical outcome, we determined its role in glioma single cell infiltration and tumor growth. METHODS STAT3 was silenced in Tu-2449 glioma cells via lentiviral gene transfer. Target gene expression was measured by real-time reverse transcription PCR, Western blotting, and immunohistochemistry. Microvilli were visualized by staining with wheat germ agglutinin. Migration and invasion were measured by Scratch and Matrigel chamber assays. Diffuse infiltration was studied in 350-μm-thick organotypic tissue cultures over 14 days using cells tagged with enhanced green fluorescent protein and live confocal laser scanning microscopy. Survival of tumor-bearing syngeneic, immunocompetent B6C3F1 mice was analyzed by Kaplan-Meier plots. RESULTS STAT3 silencing reduced cell migration and invasion in vitro and stopped single cell infiltration ex vivo, while STAT3-expressing cells disseminated through the neuropil at ∼100 µm/day. STAT3 silencing reduced transcription of several tumor progression genes. Mice with intracranial STAT3 knockdown tumors had a significant (P< .0007) survival advantage over controls, yielding 27% long-term survival. STAT3 knockdown reduced podoplanin expression 50-fold and inhibited concurrent microvilli formation. STAT3 knockdown tumors exhibited a weaker podoplanin immunoreactivity compared with controls. Podoplanin staining was diffuse, preferentially at tumor margins, and absent in normal brain. CONCLUSIONS Our results show compelling evidence that STAT3 is a key driver of diffuse infiltration and glioma growth and might therefore represent a promising target for an anti-invasive therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maike Priester
- Experimental Neurosurgery, Goethe University Hospital, Neuroscience Center, Heinrich-Hoffmann-Straße 7, 60592 Frankfurt, Germany
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90
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Hanada T, Weitzer S, Mair B, Bernreuther C, Wainger BJ, Ichida J, Hanada R, Orthofer M, Cronin SJ, Komnenovic V, Minis A, Sato F, Mimata H, Yoshimura A, Tamir I, Rainer J, Kofler R, Yaron A, Eggan KC, Woolf CJ, Glatzel M, Herbst R, Martinez J, Penninger JM. CLP1 links tRNA metabolism to progressive motor-neuron loss. Nature 2013; 495:474-80. [PMID: 23474986 DOI: 10.1038/nature11923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 187] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2012] [Accepted: 01/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
CLP1 was the first mammalian RNA kinase to be identified. However, determining its in vivo function has been elusive. Here we generated kinase-dead Clp1 (Clp1(K/K)) mice that show a progressive loss of spinal motor neurons associated with axonal degeneration in the peripheral nerves and denervation of neuromuscular junctions, resulting in impaired motor function, muscle weakness, paralysis and fatal respiratory failure. Transgenic rescue experiments show that CLP1 functions in motor neurons. Mechanistically, loss of CLP1 activity results in accumulation of a novel set of small RNA fragments, derived from aberrant processing of tyrosine pre-transfer RNA. These tRNA fragments sensitize cells to oxidative-stress-induced p53 (also known as TRP53) activation and p53-dependent cell death. Genetic inactivation of p53 rescues Clp1(K/K) mice from the motor neuron loss, muscle denervation and respiratory failure. Our experiments uncover a mechanistic link between tRNA processing, formation of a new RNA species and progressive loss of lower motor neurons regulated by p53.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshikatsu Hanada
- IMBA, Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna 1030, Austria
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91
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Xu JC, Xiao MF, Jakovcevski I, Sivukhina E, Hargus G, Cui YF, Irintchev A, Schachner M, Bernreuther C. The extracellular matrix glycoprotein tenascin-R regulates neurogenesis during development and in the adult dentate gyrus of mice. J Cell Sci 2013; 127:641-52. [DOI: 10.1242/jcs.137612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Abnormal generation of inhibitory γ-aminobutyric acid synthesizing (GABAergic) neurons is characteristic of neuropsychological disorders. We provide evidence that the extracellular matrix molecule tenascin-R (TNR) – being predominantly expressed, among neurons, by subpopulation of interneurons - plays a role in the generation of GABAergic and granule neurons in the murine dentate gyrus by regulating fate determination of neural stem/progenitor cells (NSCs). During development, absence of TNR in constitutively TNR-deficient (TNR−/−) mice results in increased numbers of dentate gyrus GABAergic neurons, being associated with decreased expression of its receptor β1 integrin, increased activation of p38 MAPK, and increased expression of the GABAergic specification gene ASCL1. Postnatally, increased GABAergic input to adult hippocampal NSCs in TNR−/− mice is associated not only with increased numbers of GABAergic and, particularly, parvalbumin-immunoreactive neurons, as seen during development, but also with increased numbers of granule neurons, thus contributing to the increased differentiation of NSCs into granule cells. These findings indicate the importance of TNR in the regulation of hippocampal neurogenesis and suggest that TNR acts through distinct direct and indirect mechanisms during development and in the adult.
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Schmid JS, Bernreuther C, Nikonenko AG, Ling Z, Mies G, Hossmann KA, Jakovcevski I, Schachner M. Heterozygosity for the mutated X-chromosome-linked L1 cell adhesion molecule gene leads to increased numbers of neurons and enhanced metabolism in the forebrain of female carrier mice. Brain Struct Funct 2012. [PMID: 23196656 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-012-0463-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Mutations in the X-chromosomal L1CAM gene lead to severe neurological deficits. In this study, we analyzed brains of female mice heterozygous for L1 (L1+/-) to gain insights into the brain structure of human females carrying one mutated L1 allele. From postnatal day 7 onward into adulthood, L1+/- female mice show an increased density of neurons in the neocortex and basal ganglia in comparison to wild-type (L1+/+) mice, correlating with enhanced metabolic parameters as measured in vivo. The densities of astrocytes and parvalbumin immunoreactive interneurons were not altered. No significant differences between L1+/- and L1+/+ mice were seen for cell proliferation in the cortex during embryonic days 11.5-15.5. Neuronal differentiation as estimated by analysis of doublecortin-immunoreactive cortical cells of embryonic brains was similar in L1+/- and L1+/+ mice. Interestingly, at postnatal days 3 and 5, apoptosis was reduced in L1+/- compared to L1+/+ mice. We suggest that reduced apoptosis leads to increased neuronal density in adult L1+/- mice. In conclusion, L1+/- mice display an unexpected phenotype that is not an intermediate between L1+/+ mice and mice deficient in L1 (L1-/y), but a novel phenotype which is challenging to understand regarding its underlying molecular and cellular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janinne Sylvie Schmid
- Center for Molecular Neurobiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
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93
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Hargus G, Cui YF, Dihné M, Bernreuther C, Schachner M. In vitro generation of three-dimensional substrate-adherent embryonic stem cell-derived neural aggregates for application in animal models of neurological disorders. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; Chapter 2:Unit 2D.11. [PMID: 22605646 DOI: 10.1002/9780470151808.sc02d11s21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
In vitro-differentiated embryonic stem (ES) cells comprise a useful source for cell replacement therapy, but the efficiency and safety of a translational approach are highly dependent on optimized protocols for directed differentiation of ES cells into the desired cell types in vitro. Furthermore, the transplantation of three-dimensional ES cell-derived structures instead of a single-cell suspension may improve graft survival and function by providing a beneficial microenvironment for implanted cells. To this end, we have developed a new method to efficiently differentiate mouse ES cells into neural aggregates that consist predominantly (>90%) of postmitotic neurons, neural progenitor cells, and radial glia-like cells. When transplanted into the excitotoxically lesioned striatum of adult mice, these substrate-adherent embryonic stem cell-derived neural aggregates (SENAs) showed significant advantages over transplanted single-cell suspensions of ES cell-derived neural cells, including improved survival of GABAergic neurons, increased cell migration, and significantly decreased risk of teratoma formation. Furthermore, SENAs mediated functional improvement after transplantation into animal models of Parkinson's disease and spinal cord injury. This unit describes in detail how SENAs are efficiently derived from mouse ES cells in vitro and how SENAs are isolated for transplantation. Furthermore, methods are presented for successful implantation of SENAs into animal models of Huntington's disease, Parkinson's disease, and spinal cord injury to study the effects of stem cell-derived neural aggregates in a disease context in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gunnar Hargus
- Center for Molecular Neurobiology Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
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94
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Irintchev A, Wu MM, Lee HJ, Zhu H, Feng YP, Liu YS, Bernreuther C, Loers G, You SW, Schachner M. Glycomimetic improves recovery after femoral injury in a non-human primate. J Neurotrauma 2012; 28:1295-306. [PMID: 21463132 DOI: 10.1089/neu.2011.1775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
In adult mammals, restoration of function after peripheral nerve injury is often poor and effective therapies are not available. Previously we have shown in mice that a peptide which functionally mimics the human natural killer cell (HNK)-1 trisaccharide epitope significantly improves the outcome of femoral nerve injury. Here we evaluated the translational potential of this treatment using primates. We applied a linear HNK-1 mimetic or a functionally inactive control peptide in silicone cuffs used to reconstruct the cut femoral nerves of adult cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis). Functional recovery was evaluated using video-based gait analysis over a 160-day observation period. The final outcome was further assessed using force measurements, H-reflex recordings, nerve histology, and ELISA to assess immunoreactivity to HNK-1 in the treated monkeys. Gait deficits were significantly reduced in HNK-1 mimetic-treated compared with control peptide-treated animals between 60 and 160 days after injury. Better outcome at 160 days after surgery in treated versus control animals was also confirmed by improved quadriceps muscle force, enhanced H-reflex amplitude, decreased H-reflex latency, and larger diameters of regenerated axons. No adverse reactions to the mimetic, in particular immune responses resulting in antibodies against the HNK-1 mimetic or immune cell infiltration into the damaged nerve, were observed. These results indicate the potential of the HNK-1 mimetic as an efficient, feasible, and safe adjunct treatment for nerve injuries requiring surgical repair in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrey Irintchev
- Zentrum für Molekulare Neurobiologie, Universität Hamburg, Martinistrasse 52, Hamburg, Germany.
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95
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Blessmann M, Gröbe A, Quaas A, Kaifi JT, Mistakidis G, Bernreuther C, Sauter G, Gros S, Rawnaq T, Friedrich R, Mautner VF, Smeets R, Heiland M, Schachner M, Izbicki JR. Adhesion molecule L1 is down-regulated in malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors versus benign neurofibromatosis type 1–associated tumors. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2012; 113:239-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tripleo.2011.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2011] [Revised: 04/14/2011] [Accepted: 04/15/2011] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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96
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Bian S, Akyüz N, Bernreuther C, Loers G, Laczynska E, Jakovcevski I, Schachner M. Dermatan sulfotransferase Chst14/D4st1, but not chondroitin sulfotransferase Chst11/C4st1, regulates proliferation and neurogenesis of neural progenitor cells. J Cell Sci 2011; 124:4051-63. [PMID: 22159417 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.088120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Chondroitin sulfates (CSs) and dermatan sulfates (DSs) are enriched in the microenvironment of neural stem cells (NSCs) during development and in the adult neurogenic niche, and have been implicated in mechanisms governing neural precursor migration, proliferation and differentiation. In contrast to previous studies, in which a chondroitinaseABC-dependent unselective deglycosylation of both CSs and DSs was performed, we used chondroitin 4-O-sulfotransferase-1 (Chst11/C4st1)- and dermatan 4-O-sulfotransferase-1 (Chst14/D4st1)-deficient NSCs specific for CSs and DSs, respectively, to investigate the involvement of specific sulfation profiles of CS and DS chains, and thus the potentially distinct roles of CSs and DSs in NSC biology. In comparison to wild-type controls, deficiency for Chst14 resulted in decreased neurogenesis and diminished proliferation of NSCs accompanied by increased expression of GLAST and decreased expression of Mash-1, and an upregulation of the expression of the receptors for fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2) and epidermal growth factor (EGF). By contrast, deficiency in Chst11 did not influence NSC proliferation, migration or differentiation. These observations indicate for the first time that CSs and DSs play distinct roles in the self-renewal and differentiation of NSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Bian
- Zentrum für Molekulare Neurobiologie, Universitätskrankenhaus Hamburg-Eppendorf, Universität Hamburg, Martinistr. 52, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany
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97
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Xu JC, Bernreuther C, Cui YF, Jakovcevski I, Hargus G, Xiao MF, Schachner M. Transplanted L1 expressing radial glia and astrocytes enhance recovery after spinal cord injury. J Neurotrauma 2011; 28:1921-37. [PMID: 21671795 DOI: 10.1089/neu.2011.1783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
A major obstacle for the transplantation of neural stem cells (NSCs) into the lesioned spinal cord is their predominant astrocytic differentiation after transplantation. We took advantage of this predominant astrocytic differentiation of NSCs and expressed the paradigmatic beneficial neural cell adhesion molecule L1 in radial glial cells and reactive and nonreactive astrocytes as novel cellular vehicles to express L1 under the control of the promoter for the human glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP-L1 NSCs). Behavioral analysis and electrophysiological H-reflex recordings revealed that mice transplanted with GFAP-L1 NSCs showed enhanced locomotor recovery in comparison to mice injected with wild type (WT) NSCs or control mice injected with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). This functional recovery was further accelerated in mice transplanted with L1-expressing radial glial cells that had been immunoisolated from GFAP-L1 NSCs (GFAP-L1-i cells). Morphological analysis revealed that mice grafted with GFAP-L1 NSCs exhibited increased neuronal differentiation and migration of transplanted cells, as well as increased soma size and cholinergic synaptic coverage of host motoneurons and increased numbers of endogenous catecholaminergic nerve fibers caudal to the lesion site. These findings show that L1-expressing astrocytes and radial glial cells isolated from GFAP-L1 NSC cultures represent a novel strategy for improving functional recovery after spinal cord injury, encouraging the use of the human GFAP promoter to target beneficial transgene expression in transplanted stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Chong Xu
- Zentrum für Molekulare Neurobiologie Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
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98
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Wohlfart S, Khalansky AS, Bernreuther C, Michaelis M, Cinatl J, Glatzel M, Kreuter J. Treatment of glioblastoma with poly(isohexyl cyanoacrylate) nanoparticles. Int J Pharm 2011; 415:244-51. [PMID: 21641983 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2011.05.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2011] [Revised: 05/16/2011] [Accepted: 05/18/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastomas belong to the most devastating cancer diseases. For this reason, polysorbate 80 (Tween 80)-coated poly(isohexyl cyanoacrylate) (PIHCA) (Monorex) nanoparticles loaded with doxorubicin were developed and tested for their use for the treatment of glioblastomas. The preparation of the nanoparticles resulted in spherical particles with high doxorubicin loading. The physico-chemical properties and the release of doxorubicin from the PIHCA-nanoparticles were analysed, and the influence on cell viability of the rat glioblastoma 101/8-cell line was investigated. In vitro, the empty nanoparticles did not show any toxicity, and the anti-cancer effects of the drug-loaded nanoparticles were increased in comparison to doxorubicin solution, represented by IC(50) values. The in vivo efficacy was then tested in intracranially glioblastoma 101/8-bearing rats. Rats were treated with 3 × 1.5mg/kg doxorubicin and were sacrificed 18 days after tumour transplantation. Histological and immunohistochemical analyses were carried out to assess the efficacy of the nanoparticles. Tumour size, proliferation activity, vessel density, necrotic areas, and expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein demonstrated that doxorubicin-loaded PIHCA-nanoparticles were much more efficient than the free drug. The results suggest that poly(isohexyl cyanoacrylate) nanoparticles hold great promise for the non-invasive therapy of human glioblastomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Wohlfart
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Goethe-University, Max-von-Laue-Straße 9, D-60438 Frankfurt/Main, Germany
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99
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Altmeppen HC, Prox J, Puig B, Kluth MA, Bernreuther C, Thurm D, Jorissen E, Petrowitz B, Bartsch U, De Strooper B, Saftig P, Glatzel M. Lack of a-disintegrin-and-metalloproteinase ADAM10 leads to intracellular accumulation and loss of shedding of the cellular prion protein in vivo. Mol Neurodegener 2011; 6:36. [PMID: 21619641 PMCID: PMC3224557 DOI: 10.1186/1750-1326-6-36] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2011] [Accepted: 05/27/2011] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The cellular prion protein (PrPC) fulfils several yet not completely understood physiological functions. Apart from these functions, it has the ability to misfold into a pathogenic scrapie form (PrPSc) leading to fatal transmissible spongiform encephalopathies. Proteolytic processing of PrPC generates N- and C-terminal fragments which play crucial roles both in the pathophysiology of prion diseases and in transducing physiological functions of PrPC. A-disintegrin-and-metalloproteinase 10 (ADAM10) has been proposed by cell culture experiments to be responsible for both shedding of PrPC and its α-cleavage. Here, we analyzed the role of ADAM10 in the proteolytic processing of PrPC in vivo. Results Using neuron-specific Adam10 knockout mice, we show that ADAM10 is the sheddase of PrPC and that its absence in vivo leads to increased amounts and accumulation of PrPC in the early secretory pathway by affecting its posttranslational processing. Elevated PrPC levels do not induce apoptotic signalling via p53. Furthermore, we show that ADAM10 is not responsible for the α-cleavage of PrPC. Conclusion Our study elucidates the proteolytic processing of PrPC and proves a role of ADAM10 in shedding of PrPC in vivo. We suggest that ADAM10 is a mediator of PrPC homeostasis at the plasma membrane and, thus, might be a regulator of the multiple functions discussed for PrPC. Furthermore, identification of ADAM10 as the sheddase of PrPC opens the avenue to devising novel approaches for therapeutic interventions against prion diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hermann C Altmeppen
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany.
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100
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Wohlfart S, Khalansky AS, Gelperina S, Maksimenko O, Bernreuther C, Glatzel M, Kreuter J. Efficient chemotherapy of rat glioblastoma using doxorubicin-loaded PLGA nanoparticles with different stabilizers. PLoS One 2011; 6:e19121. [PMID: 21573151 PMCID: PMC3089596 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0019121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2011] [Accepted: 03/16/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Chemotherapy of glioblastoma is largely ineffective as the blood-brain barrier (BBB) prevents entry of most anticancer agents into the brain. For an efficient treatment of glioblastomas it is necessary to deliver anti-cancer drugs across the intact BBB. Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles coated with poloxamer 188 hold great promise as drug carriers for brain delivery after their intravenous injection. In the present study the anti-tumour efficacy of the surfactant-coated doxorubicin-loaded PLGA nanoparticles against rat glioblastoma 101/8 was investigated using histological and immunohistochemical methods. Methodology The particles were prepared by a high-pressure solvent evaporation technique using 1% polyvinylalcohol (PLGA/PVA) or human serum albumin (PLGA/HSA) as stabilizers. Additionally, lecithin-containing PLGA/HSA particles (Dox-Lecithin-PLGA/HSA) were prepared. For evaluation of the antitumour efficacy the glioblastoma-bearing rats were treated intravenously with the doxorubicin-loaded nanoparticles coated with poloxamer 188 using the following treatment regimen: 3×2.5 mg/kg on day 2, 5 and 8 after tumour implantation; doxorubicin and poloxamer 188 solutions were used as controls. On day 18, the rats were sacrificed and the antitumour effect was determined by measurement of tumour size, necrotic areas, proliferation index, and expression of GFAP and VEGF as well as Isolectin B4, a marker for the vessel density. Conclusion The results reveal a considerable anti-tumour effect of the doxorubicin-loaded nanoparticles. The overall best results were observed for Dox-Lecithin-PLGA/HSA. These data demonstrate that the poloxamer 188-coated PLGA nanoparticles enable delivery of doxorubicin across the blood-brain barrier in the therapeutically effective concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Wohlfart
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Christian Bernreuther
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Markus Glatzel
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jörg Kreuter
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
- * E-mail:
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