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Cao H, Tian Q, Ju M, Duan Y, Li G, Ma Q, Zhang H, Zhang X, Miao H. Genome-wide analysis of the U-box E3 ubiquitin ligase family role in drought tolerance in sesame ( Sesamum indicum L.). Front Plant Sci 2023; 14:1261238. [PMID: 37810391 PMCID: PMC10558006 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1261238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Plant U-box (PUB) proteins belong to a class of ubiquitin ligases essential in various biological processes. Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) is an important and worldwide cultivated oilseed crop. However few studies have been conducted to explore the role of PUBs in drought tolerance in sesame. This study identified a total of 56 members of the sesame PUB family (SiPUB) genes distributed unevenly across all 13 chromosomes. Based on phylogenetic analysis, all 56 SiPUB genes were classified into six groups with various structures and motifs. Cis-acting element analysis suggested that the SiPUB genes are involved in response to various stresses including drought. Based on RNA-seq analysis and quantitative real-time PCR, we identified nine SiPUB genes with significantly different expression profiles under drought stress. The expression patterns of six SiPUB genes in root, leaf and stem tissues corroborated the reliability of the RNA-seq datasets. These findings underscore the importance of SiPUB genes in enhancing drought tolerance in sesame plants. Our study provides novel insights into the evolutionary patterns and variations of PUB genes in sesame and lays the foundation for comprehending the functional characteristics of SiPUB genes under drought-induced stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hengchun Cao
- Henan Sesame Research Center, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- The Shennong Laboratory, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Key Laboratory of Specific Oilseed Crops Genomics of Henan Province, Henan Sesame Research Center, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Qiuzhen Tian
- Henan Sesame Research Center, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- The Shennong Laboratory, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Key Laboratory of Specific Oilseed Crops Genomics of Henan Province, Henan Sesame Research Center, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Ming Ju
- Henan Sesame Research Center, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- The Shennong Laboratory, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Key Laboratory of Specific Oilseed Crops Genomics of Henan Province, Henan Sesame Research Center, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yinghui Duan
- Henan Sesame Research Center, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- The Shennong Laboratory, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Key Laboratory of Specific Oilseed Crops Genomics of Henan Province, Henan Sesame Research Center, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Guiting Li
- Henan Sesame Research Center, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- The Shennong Laboratory, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Key Laboratory of Specific Oilseed Crops Genomics of Henan Province, Henan Sesame Research Center, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Qin Ma
- Henan Sesame Research Center, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- The Shennong Laboratory, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Key Laboratory of Specific Oilseed Crops Genomics of Henan Province, Henan Sesame Research Center, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Haiyang Zhang
- Henan Sesame Research Center, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- The Shennong Laboratory, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Key Laboratory of Specific Oilseed Crops Genomics of Henan Province, Henan Sesame Research Center, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xianmei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Specific Oilseed Crops Genomics of Henan Province, Henan Sesame Research Center, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Luohe Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Luohe, Henan, China
| | - Hongmei Miao
- Henan Sesame Research Center, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- The Shennong Laboratory, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Key Laboratory of Specific Oilseed Crops Genomics of Henan Province, Henan Sesame Research Center, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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Abdel-Hafiz HA, Kailasam Mani SK, Huang W, Gouin KH, Chang Y, Xiao T, Ma Q, Li Z, Knott SR, Theodorescu D. Single-cell profiling of murine bladder cancer identifies sex-specific transcriptional signatures with prognostic relevance. iScience 2023; 26:107703. [PMID: 37701814 PMCID: PMC10494466 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer (BLCA) is more common in men but more aggressive in women. Sex-based differences in cancer biology are commonly studied using a murine model with BLCA generated by N-butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl)-nitrosamine (BBN). While tumors in the BBN model have been profiled, these profiles provide limited information on the tumor microenvironment. Here, we applied single-cell RNA sequencing to characterize cell-type specific transcriptional differences between male and female BBN-induced tumors. We found proportional and gene expression differences in epithelial and non-epithelial subpopulations between male and female tumors. Expression of several genes predicted sex-specific survival in several human BLCA datasets. We identified novel and clinically relevant sex-specific transcriptional signatures including immune cells in the tumor microenvironment and it validated the relevance of the BBN model for studying sex differences in human BLCA. This work highlights the importance of considering sex as a biological variable in the development of new and accurate cancer markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hany A. Abdel-Hafiz
- Department of Urology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
- Cedars-Sinai Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - Wesley Huang
- Department of Urology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Kenneth H. Gouin
- Department of Urology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Yuzhou Chang
- Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center – The James, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Tong Xiao
- Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center – The James, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Qin Ma
- Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center – The James, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Zihai Li
- Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center – The James, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Simon R.V. Knott
- Cedars-Sinai Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Dan Theodorescu
- Department of Urology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
- Cedars-Sinai Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Allen C, Chang Y, Neelon B, Chang W, Kim HJ, Li Z, Ma Q, Chung D. A Bayesian multivariate mixture model for high throughput spatial transcriptomics. Biometrics 2023; 79:1775-1787. [PMID: 35895854 PMCID: PMC10134739 DOI: 10.1111/biom.13727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
High throughput spatial transcriptomics (HST) is a rapidly emerging class of experimental technologies that allow for profiling gene expression in tissue samples at or near single-cell resolution while retaining the spatial location of each sequencing unit within the tissue sample. Through analyzing HST data, we seek to identify sub-populations of cells within a tissue sample that may inform biological phenomena. Existing computational methods either ignore the spatial heterogeneity in gene expression profiles, fail to account for important statistical features such as skewness, or are heuristic-based network clustering methods that lack the inferential benefits of statistical modeling. To address this gap, we develop SPRUCE: a Bayesian spatial multivariate finite mixture model based on multivariate skew-normal distributions, which is capable of identifying distinct cellular sub-populations in HST data. We further implement a novel combination of Pólya-Gamma data augmentation and spatial random effects to infer spatially correlated mixture component membership probabilities without relying on approximate inference techniques. Via a simulation study, we demonstrate the detrimental inferential effects of ignoring skewness or spatial correlation in HST data. Using publicly available human brain HST data, SPRUCE outperforms existing methods in recovering expertly annotated brain layers. Finally, our application of SPRUCE to human breast cancer HST data indicates that SPRUCE can distinguish distinct cell populations within the tumor microenvironment. An R package spruce for fitting the proposed models is available through The Comprehensive R Archive Network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carter Allen
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, U.S.A
- The Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, U.S.A
| | - Yuzhou Chang
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, U.S.A
- The Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, U.S.A
| | - Brian Neelon
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, U.S.A
| | - Won Chang
- Division of Statistics and Data Science, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, U.S.A
| | - Hang J. Kim
- Division of Statistics and Data Science, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, U.S.A
| | - Zihai Li
- The Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, U.S.A
| | - Qin Ma
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, U.S.A
- The Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, U.S.A
| | - Dongjun Chung
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, U.S.A
- The Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, U.S.A
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Yuan T, Ma Q, Zhang MM. Methods, Complications, and Outcomes in a Randomized Clinical Trial of Electroacupuncture After Colorectal Cancer Surgery. JAMA Surg 2023; 158:981-982. [PMID: 37133844 DOI: 10.1001/jamasurg.2023.1069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Yuan
- Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qin Ma
- Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ming-Ming Zhang
- Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Yang Y, Xia L, Yang W, Wang Z, Meng W, Zhang M, Ma Q, Gou J, Wang J, Shu Y, Wu X. Transcriptome profiling of intact bowel wall reveals that PDE1A and SEMA3D are possible markers with roles in enteric smooth muscle apoptosis, proliferative disorders, and dysautonomia in Crohn's disease. Front Genet 2023; 14:1194882. [PMID: 37727374 PMCID: PMC10505932 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1194882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a complex and multifactorial inflammatory condition, comprising Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). While numerous studies have explored the immune response in IBD through transcriptional profiling of the enteric mucosa, the subtle distinctions in the pathogenesis of Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis remain insufficiently understood. Methods: The intact bowel wall specimens from IBD surgical patients were divided based on their inflammatory status into inflamed Crohn's disease (iCD), inflamed ulcerative colitis (iUC) and non-inflamed (niBD) groups for RNA sequencing. Differential mRNA GO (Gene Ontology), and KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes), and GSEA (Gene Set Enrichment Analysis) bioinformatic analyses were performed with a focus on the enteric autonomic nervous system (ANS) and smooth muscle cell (SMC). The transcriptome results were validated by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and immunohistochemistry (IHC). Results: A total of 2099 differentially expressed genes were identified from the comparison between iCD and iUC. Regulation of SMC apoptosis and proliferation were significantly enriched in iCD, but not in iUC. The involved gene PDE1A in iCD was 4-fold and 1.5-fold upregulated at qPCR and IHC compared to that in iUC. Moreover, only iCD was significantly associated with the gene sets of ANS abnormality. The involved gene SEMA3D in iCD was upregulated 8- and 5-fold at qPCR and IHC levels compared to iUC. Conclusion: These findings suggest that PDE1A and SEMA3D may serve as potential markers implicated in enteric smooth muscle apoptosis, proliferative disorders, and dysautonomia specifically in Crohn's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Yang
- Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Colorectal Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of General Surgery, West China Chengdu Shangjin Nanfu Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lin Xia
- Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Colorectal Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wenming Yang
- Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ziqiang Wang
- Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Colorectal Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wenjian Meng
- Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Colorectal Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mingming Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Colorectal Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of General Surgery, West China Chengdu Shangjin Nanfu Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qin Ma
- Department of General Surgery, West China Chengdu Shangjin Nanfu Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Junhe Gou
- Department of Pathology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Junjian Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ye Shu
- Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Colorectal Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoting Wu
- Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Center, West China Tianfu Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Wang J, Wang J, Chang X, Shang J, Wang Y, Ma Q, Shen L. Rapid Detection of Streptococcus mutans Using an Integrated Microfluidic System with Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 33:1101-1110. [PMID: 37280774 PMCID: PMC10468681 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2304.04026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Streptococcus mutans is the primary causative agent of caries, which is one of the most common human diseases. Thus, rapid and early detection of cariogenic bacteria is critical for its prevention. This study investigated the combination of loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) and microfluid technology to quantitatively detect S. mutans. A low-cost, rapid microfluidic chip using LAMP technology was developed to amplify and detect bacteria at 2.2-2.2 × 106 colony-forming units (CFU)/ml and its detection limits were compared to those of standard polymerase chain reaction. A visualization system was established to quantitatively determine the experimental results, and a functional relationship between the bacterial concentration and quantitative results was established. The detection limit of S. mutans using this microfluidic chip was 2.2 CFU/ml, which was lower than that of the standard approach. After quantification, the experimental results showed a good linear relationship with the concentration of S. mutans, thereby confirming the effectiveness and accuracy of the custom-made integrated LAMP microfluidic system for the detection of S. mutans. The microfluidic system described herein may represent a promising simple detection method for the specific and rapid testing of individuals at risk of caries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingfu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Dental Materials and Advanced Manufacture, Department of Cranio-facial Trauma and Orthognathic Surgery, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, P.R.China
- Department of Stomatology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, 83 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, P.R.China
| | - Jingyi Wang
- College of Information and Electrical Engineering, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, P.R.China
| | - Xin Chang
- Outpatient Department, The Ninth Retired Cadres Retreat of Liaoning Military Command, 176 Dongbei Road, Shenyang 110044, P.R.China
| | - Jin Shang
- Department of Stomatology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, 83 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, P.R.China
| | - Yuehui Wang
- Department of Stomatology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, 83 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, P.R.China
| | - Qin Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Dental Materials and Advanced Manufacture, Department of Cranio-facial Trauma and Orthognathic Surgery, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, P.R.China
| | - Liangliang Shen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, P.R.China
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Chen B, Yan M, Gao H, Ma Q, Li L, Lü G, Gong Y, Wen L, Xu S, Wang J, Zhao J. In vitro and in vivo Efficacies of Novel Harmine Derivatives in the Treatment of Cystic Echinococcosis. Drug Des Devel Ther 2023; 17:2441-2454. [PMID: 37637266 PMCID: PMC10454840 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s419002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a chronic zoonotic parasitic disease caused by the larvae of the Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato (s.l.) cluster. The current existing drugs have limited therapeutic efficacy against cystic echinococcosis, and thus, there is an urgent need to develop new drugs. Methods In this study, 7 harmine (HM) derivatives were screened and the effects of HM derivatives on E. granulosus sensu stricto (s.s.) were evaluated by in vitro and mouse experiments. The safety of the HM derivatives was assessed by cytotoxicity assays, acute toxicity study in animals and subacute toxicity study. Results These results show that the HM derivatives H-2-168 and DH-004 exhibited more significant antiparasitic effects at an initial concentration of 40 μM. The results of further studies showed that H-2-168 and DH-004 had dose-dependent effects against protoscoleces and had satisfactory therapeutic outcomes in vivo. Electron microscopy observations demonstrated that H-2-168 and DH-004 caused severe disruption of the parasite ultrastructure. Notably, the results of the acute toxicity and subchronic toxicity studies showed that H-2-168 and DH-004 had significantly improved safety. In addition, we found that H-2-168 and DH-004 induced DNA damage in E. granulosus s.s., which may be the mechanism by which these drugs produce their therapeutic effects. Discussion Overall, the data from this work demonstrate that H-2-168 and DH-004 are highly effective candidate compounds with low toxicity for the treatment of CE and will provide a new therapeutic strategy for CE pharmacological treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bei Chen
- First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, People’s Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mingzhi Yan
- First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, People’s Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huijing Gao
- First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, People’s Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qin Ma
- HuaShiDan Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Urumqi, Xinjiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lihua Li
- Xinjiang Urumqi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Urumqi, Xinjiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guodong Lü
- First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, People’s Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuehong Gong
- First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, People’s Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Limei Wen
- First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, People’s Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shaoquan Xu
- College of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianhua Wang
- First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, People’s Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jun Zhao
- First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, People’s Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, People’s Republic of China
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Wang X, Duan M, Li J, Ma A, Xu D, Li Z, Liu B, Ma Q. MarsGT: Multi-omics analysis for rare population inference using single-cell graph transformer. bioRxiv 2023:2023.08.15.553454. [PMID: 37645917 PMCID: PMC10462017 DOI: 10.1101/2023.08.15.553454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Rare cell populations are key in neoplastic progression and therapeutic response, offering potential intervention targets. However, their computational identification and analysis often lag behind major cell types. To fill this gap, we introduced MarsGT: Multi-omics Analysis for Rare population inference using Single-cell Graph Transformer. It identifies rare cell populations using a probability-based heterogeneous graph transformer on single-cell multi-omics data. MarsGT outperformed existing tools in identifying rare cells across 400 simulated and four real human datasets. In mouse retina data, it revealed unique subpopulations of rare bipolar cells and a Müller glia cell subpopulation. In human lymph node data, MarsGT detected an intermediate B cell population potentially acting as lymphoma precursors. In human melanoma data, it identified a rare MAIT-like population impacted by a high IFN-I response and revealed the mechanism of immunotherapy. Hence, MarsGT offers biological insights and suggests potential strategies for early detection and therapeutic intervention of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoying Wang
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
- Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Maoteng Duan
- School of Mathematics, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250100, China
| | - Jingxian Li
- School of Mathematics, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250100, China
| | - Anjun Ma
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
- Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Dong Xu
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
- Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Zihai Li
- Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Bingqiang Liu
- School of Mathematics, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250100, China
| | - Qin Ma
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
- Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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Wang J, Ning X, Xu Y, Wang R, Guo X, Xu J, Guo J, Ma Q, Li H, Niu D, Liu Y, Mao N, Zhu Z. Etiological Study of Acute Conjunctivitis Caused by Human Adenovirus in Shanxi Province, China, between 2016 and 2019. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0015923. [PMID: 37486235 PMCID: PMC10434163 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.00159-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Human adenovirus (HAdV) is the primary cause of acute conjunctivitis. To improve our understanding of the etiology of adenoviral conjunctivitis, ocular samples were collected from 160 conjunctivitis cases in the Shanxi province of northern China between 2016 and 2019. Through preliminary identification, virus isolation, and type identification, a total of 63 HAdV isolates were obtained from the samples. Three species and seven types (HAdV-3, HAdV-4, HAdV-8, HAdV-37, HAdV-53, HAdV-64, and HAdV-85) were detected, with HAdV-64, HAdV-3, and HAdV-8 being the predominant types in 2016, 2018, and 2019, respectively. Further phylogenetic analysis indicated the relative genomic stability of seven HAdV-type strains, except for 4 HAdV-3 strains in 2018 with a novel amino acid insertion site (Pro) between P19 and S20 in the penton base gene. It is worth noting that the genomes of two Shanxi HAdV-85 strains from 2016 were almost identical to those of previously reported HAdV-85 strains that circulated in Japan in 2014 to 2018. China was the second country to sample and isolate HAdV-85, suggesting that HAdV-85 might be underreported as an ocular pathogen. Data obtained in this study provide valuable information on the prevalence of acute conjunctivitis caused by HAdV. IMPORTANCE HAdV types in cases of conjunctivitis in Shanxi province, China, in 2016 to 2019 showed evident diversity, with seven types (HAdV-3, HAdV-4, HAdV-8, HAdV-37, HAdV-53, HAdV-64, and HAdV-85) being identified, and relative genome stability of these viruses was observed. In addition, China was the second country to sample and isolate HAdV-85, which suggests that HAdV-85 might be underreported as an important pathogen associated with ocular infections. These results enhance the understanding of the etiology of adenoviral conjunctivitis and may aid in the development of prevention and control strategies for HAdV-related ocular infections in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jitao Wang
- Department of Microbiology Test, Taiyuan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Taiyuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoling Ning
- Comprehensive Inspection Section, Shanxi Eye Hospital, Taiyuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yang Xu
- Department of Microbiology Test, Taiyuan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Taiyuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Microbiology Test, Taiyuan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Taiyuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaofang Guo
- Department of Microbiology Test, Taiyuan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Taiyuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jihong Xu
- Department of Microbiology Test, Taiyuan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Taiyuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiane Guo
- Department of Microbiology Test, Taiyuan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Taiyuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qin Ma
- Comprehensive Inspection Section, Shanxi Eye Hospital, Taiyuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hong Li
- Clinical Research Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dandan Niu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ying Liu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Naiying Mao
- NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhen Zhu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
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60
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Li Y, Wang C, Ma A, Rani AQ, Luo M, Li J, Liu X, Ma Q. Identification of HPV oncogene and host cell differentiation associated cellular heterogeneity in cervical cancer via single-cell transcriptomic analysis. bioRxiv 2023:2023.08.10.552878. [PMID: 37645794 PMCID: PMC10462038 DOI: 10.1101/2023.08.10.552878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Human Papillomaviruses (HPVs) are associated with around 5-10% of human cancer, notably nearly 99% of cervical cancer. The mechanisms HPV interacts with stratified epithelium (differentiated layers) during the viral life cycle, and oncogenesis remain unclear. In this study, we used single-cell transcriptome analysis to study viral gene and host cell differentiation-associated heterogeneity of HPV-positive cervical cancer tissue. We examined the HPV16 genes - E1, E6, and E7, and found they expressed differently across nine epithelial clusters. We found that three epithelial clusters had the highest proportion of HPV-positive cells (33.6%, 37.5%, and 32.4%, respectively), while two exhibited the lowest proportions (7.21% and 5.63%, respectively). Notably, the cluster with the most HPV-positive cells deviated significantly from normal epithelial layer markers, exhibiting functional heterogeneity and altered epithelial structuring, indicating that significant molecular heterogeneity existed in cancer tissues and that these cells exhibited unique/different gene signatures compared with normal epithelial cells. These HPV-positive cells, compared to HPV-negative, showed different gene expressions related to the extracellular matrix, cell adhesion, proliferation, and apoptosis. Further, the viral oncogenes E6 and E7 appeared to modify epithelial function via distinct pathways, thus contributing to cervical cancer progression. We investigated the HPV and host transcripts from a novel viewpoint focusing on layer heterogeneity. Our results indicated varied HPV expression across epithelial clusters and epithelial heterogeneity associated with viral oncogenes, contributing biological insights to this critical field of study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingjie Li
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Cankun Wang
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Anjun Ma
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
- Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Abdul Qawee Rani
- The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Mingjue Luo
- The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Jenny Li
- The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Xuefeng Liu
- The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
- The Departments of Pathology, Urology, and Radiation Oncology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Qin Ma
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
- Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
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61
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Chen M, Zhong Y, Harris E, Li J, Zheng Z, Chen H, Wu JS, Jarillo-Herrero P, Ma Q, Edgar JH, Lin X, Dai S. Van der Waals isotope heterostructures for engineering phonon polariton dispersions. Nat Commun 2023; 14:4782. [PMID: 37553366 PMCID: PMC10409777 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40449-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Element isotopes are characterized by distinct atomic masses and nuclear spins, which can significantly influence material properties. Notably, however, isotopes in natural materials are homogenously distributed in space. Here, we propose a method to configure material properties by repositioning isotopes in engineered van der Waals (vdW) isotopic heterostructures. We showcase the properties of hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) isotopic heterostructures in engineering confined photon-lattice waves-hyperbolic phonon polaritons. By varying the composition, stacking order, and thicknesses of h10BN and h11BN building blocks, hyperbolic phonon polaritons can be engineered into a variety of energy-momentum dispersions. These confined and tailored polaritons are promising for various nanophotonic and thermal functionalities. Due to the universality and importance of isotopes, our vdW isotope heterostructuring method can be applied to engineer the properties of a broad range of materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Chen
- Materials Research and Education Center, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
| | - Y Zhong
- Interdisciplinary Center for Quantum Information, State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, ZJU-Hangzhou Global Science and Technology Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - E Harris
- Department of Physics, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts, MA, 02467, USA
| | - J Li
- Tim Taylor Department of Chemical Engineering, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, USA
| | - Z Zheng
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, MA, 02139, USA
| | - H Chen
- Interdisciplinary Center for Quantum Information, State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, ZJU-Hangzhou Global Science and Technology Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
- International Joint Innovation Center, The Electromagnetics Academy at Zhejiang University, Zhejiang University, Haining, 314400, China
| | - J-S Wu
- Department of Photonics and Institute of Electro-Optical Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 30050, Taiwan
| | - P Jarillo-Herrero
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Q Ma
- Department of Physics, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts, MA, 02467, USA
| | - J H Edgar
- Tim Taylor Department of Chemical Engineering, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, USA
| | - X Lin
- Interdisciplinary Center for Quantum Information, State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, ZJU-Hangzhou Global Science and Technology Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - S Dai
- Materials Research and Education Center, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA.
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62
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Li Y, Wang C, Ma A, Rani AQ, Luo M, Li J, Liu X, Ma Q. Identification of HPV oncogene and host cell differentiation associated cellular heterogeneity in cervical cancer via single-cell transcriptomic analysis. J Med Virol 2023; 95:e29060. [PMID: 37638381 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.29060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
Human Papillomaviruses (HPVs) are associated with around 5%-10% of human cancer, notably nearly 99% of cervical cancer. The mechanisms HPV interacts with stratified epithelium (differentiated layers) during the viral life cycle, and oncogenesis remain unclear. In this study, we used single-cell transcriptome analysis to study viral gene and host cell differentiation-associated heterogeneity of HPV-positive cervical cancer tissue. We examined the HPV16 genes-E1, E6, and E7, and found they expressed differently across nine epithelial clusters. We found that three epithelial clusters had the highest proportion of HPV-positive cells (33.6%, 37.5%, and 32.4%, respectively), while two exhibited the lowest proportions (7.21% and 5.63%, respectively). Notably, the cluster with the most HPV-positive cells deviated significantly from normal epithelial layer markers, exhibiting functional heterogeneity and altered epithelial structuring, indicating that significant molecular heterogeneity existed in cancer tissues and that these cells exhibited unique/different gene signatures compared with normal epithelial cells. These HPV-positive cells, compared to HPV-negative, showed different gene expressions related to the extracellular matrix, cell adhesion, proliferation, and apoptosis. Further, the viral oncogenes E6 and E7 appeared to modify epithelial function via distinct pathways, thus contributing to cervical cancer progression. We investigated the HPV and host transcripts from a novel viewpoint focusing on layer heterogeneity. Our results indicated varied HPV expression across epithelial clusters and epithelial heterogeneity associated with viral oncogenes, contributing biological insights to this critical field of study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingjie Li
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Cankun Wang
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Anjun Ma
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
- The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Abdul Qawee Rani
- The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Mingjue Luo
- The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Jenny Li
- The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Xuefeng Liu
- The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
- The Departments of Pathology, Urology, and Radiation Oncology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Qin Ma
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
- The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
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63
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Hu T, Li L, Ma Q. Research Progress of Immunomodulation on Anti-COVID-19 and the Effective Components from Traditional Chinese Medicine. Am J Chin Med 2023; 51:1337-1360. [PMID: 37465964 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x23500611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 has posed a threat to the health of people around the world because of its strong transmission and high virulence. Currently, there is no specific medicine for the treatment of COVID-19. However, for a wide variety of medicines used to treat COVID-19, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) plays a major role. In this paper, the effective treatment of COVID-19 using TCM was consulted first, and several Chinese medicines that were frequently used apart from their huge role in treating it were found. Then, when exploring the active ingredients of these herbs, it was discovered that most of them contained flavonoids. Therefore, the structure and function of the potential active substances of flavonoids, including flavonols, flavonoids, and flavanes, respectively, are discussed in this paper. According to the screening data, these flavonoids can bind to the key proteins of SARS-CoV-2, 3CLpro, PLpro, and RdRp, respectively, or block the interface between the viral spike protein and ACE2 receptor, which could inhibit the proliferation of coronavirus and prevent the virus from entering human cells. Besides, the effects of flavonoids on the human body systems are expounded on in this paper, including the respiratory system, digestive system, and immune system, respectively. Normally, flavonoids boost the body's immune system. However, they can suppress the immune system when over immunized. Ultimately, this study hopes to provide a reference for the clinical drug treatment of COVID-19 patients, and more TCM can be put into the market accordingly, which is expected to promote the development of TCM on the international stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Hu
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Novel Reactor and Green Chemical Technology, School of Environmental Ecology and Biological Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, P. R. China
| | - Li Li
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Novel Reactor and Green Chemical Technology, School of Environmental Ecology and Biological Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, P. R. China
| | - Qin Ma
- Sericultural & Agri-Food Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/ Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Guangzhou 510610, P. R. China
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64
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Angelopoulos V, Zhang XJ, Artemyev AV, Mourenas D, Tsai E, Wilkins C, Runov A, Liu J, Turner DL, Li W, Khurana K, Wirz RE, Sergeev VA, Meng X, Wu J, Hartinger MD, Raita T, Shen Y, An X, Shi X, Bashir MF, Shen X, Gan L, Qin M, Capannolo L, Ma Q, Russell CL, Masongsong EV, Caron R, He I, Iglesias L, Jha S, King J, Kumar S, Le K, Mao J, McDermott A, Nguyen K, Norris A, Palla A, Roosnovo A, Tam J, Xie E, Yap RC, Ye S, Young C, Adair LA, Shaffer C, Chung M, Cruce P, Lawson M, Leneman D, Allen M, Anderson M, Arreola-Zamora M, Artinger J, Asher J, Branchevsky D, Cliffe M, Colton K, Costello C, Depe D, Domae BW, Eldin S, Fitzgibbon L, Flemming A, Frederick DM, Gilbert A, Hesford B, Krieger R, Lian K, McKinney E, Miller JP, Pedersen C, Qu Z, Rozario R, Rubly M, Seaton R, Subramanian A, Sundin SR, Tan A, Thomlinson D, Turner W, Wing G, Wong C, Zarifian A. Energetic Electron Precipitation Driven by Electromagnetic Ion Cyclotron Waves from ELFIN's Low Altitude Perspective. Space Sci Rev 2023; 219:37. [PMID: 37448777 PMCID: PMC10335998 DOI: 10.1007/s11214-023-00984-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
We review comprehensive observations of electromagnetic ion cyclotron (EMIC) wave-driven energetic electron precipitation using data collected by the energetic electron detector on the Electron Losses and Fields InvestigatioN (ELFIN) mission, two polar-orbiting low-altitude spinning CubeSats, measuring 50-5000 keV electrons with good pitch-angle and energy resolution. EMIC wave-driven precipitation exhibits a distinct signature in energy-spectrograms of the precipitating-to-trapped flux ratio: peaks at >0.5 MeV which are abrupt (bursty) (lasting ∼17 s, or Δ L ∼ 0.56 ) with significant substructure (occasionally down to sub-second timescale). We attribute the bursty nature of the precipitation to the spatial extent and structuredness of the wave field at the equator. Multiple ELFIN passes over the same MLT sector allow us to study the spatial and temporal evolution of the EMIC wave - electron interaction region. Case studies employing conjugate ground-based or equatorial observations of the EMIC waves reveal that the energy of moderate and strong precipitation at ELFIN approximately agrees with theoretical expectations for cyclotron resonant interactions in a cold plasma. Using multiple years of ELFIN data uniformly distributed in local time, we assemble a statistical database of ∼50 events of strong EMIC wave-driven precipitation. Most reside at L ∼ 5 - 7 at dusk, while a smaller subset exists at L ∼ 8 - 12 at post-midnight. The energies of the peak-precipitation ratio and of the half-peak precipitation ratio (our proxy for the minimum resonance energy) exhibit an L -shell dependence in good agreement with theoretical estimates based on prior statistical observations of EMIC wave power spectra. The precipitation ratio's spectral shape for the most intense events has an exponential falloff away from the peak (i.e., on either side of ∼ 1.45 MeV). It too agrees well with quasi-linear diffusion theory based on prior statistics of wave spectra. It should be noted though that this diffusive treatment likely includes effects from nonlinear resonant interactions (especially at high energies) and nonresonant effects from sharp wave packet edges (at low energies). Sub-MeV electron precipitation observed concurrently with strong EMIC wave-driven >1 MeV precipitation has a spectral shape that is consistent with efficient pitch-angle scattering down to ∼ 200-300 keV by much less intense higher frequency EMIC waves at dusk (where such waves are most frequent). At ∼100 keV, whistler-mode chorus may be implicated in concurrent precipitation. These results confirm the critical role of EMIC waves in driving relativistic electron losses. Nonlinear effects may abound and require further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- V. Angelopoulos
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - X.-J. Zhang
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080 USA
| | - A. V. Artemyev
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | | | - E. Tsai
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - C. Wilkins
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - A. Runov
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - J. Liu
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences Departments, University of California, Los Angeles, CA USA
| | - D. L. Turner
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, Maryland USA
| | - W. Li
- Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences Departments, University of California, Los Angeles, CA USA
| | - K. Khurana
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - R. E. Wirz
- Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: School of Mechanical, Industrial, and Manufacturing Engineering, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA
| | - V. A. Sergeev
- University of St. Petersburg, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - X. Meng
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA
| | - J. Wu
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - M. D. Hartinger
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Space Science Institute, Boulder, CO 80301 USA
| | - T. Raita
- Sodankylä Geophysical Observatory, University of Oulu, Sodankylä, Finland
| | - Y. Shen
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - X. An
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - X. Shi
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - M. F. Bashir
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - X. Shen
- Department of Astronomy and Center for Space Physics, Boston University, Boston, MA USA
| | - L. Gan
- Department of Astronomy and Center for Space Physics, Boston University, Boston, MA USA
| | - M. Qin
- Department of Astronomy and Center for Space Physics, Boston University, Boston, MA USA
| | - L. Capannolo
- Department of Astronomy and Center for Space Physics, Boston University, Boston, MA USA
| | - Q. Ma
- Department of Astronomy and Center for Space Physics, Boston University, Boston, MA USA
| | - C. L. Russell
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - E. V. Masongsong
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - R. Caron
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - I. He
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Materials Science and Engineering Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - L. Iglesias
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: Deloitte Consulting, New York, NY 10112 USA
| | - S. Jha
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Computer Science Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: Microsoft, Redmond, WA 98052 USA
| | - J. King
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Computer Science Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - S. Kumar
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA
| | - K. Le
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Materials Science and Engineering Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - J. Mao
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Computer Science Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: Raybeam, Inc., Mountain View, CA 94041 USA
| | - A. McDermott
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - K. Nguyen
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: SpaceX, Hawthorne, CA 90250 USA
| | - A. Norris
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - A. Palla
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Computer Science Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: Reliable Robotics Corporation, Mountain View, CA 94043 USA
| | - A. Roosnovo
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA
| | - J. Tam
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - E. Xie
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: Deloitte Consulting, New York, NY 10112 USA
- Computer Science Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - R. C. Yap
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Mathematics Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: Planet Labs, PBC, San Francisco, CA 94107 USA
| | - S. Ye
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - C. Young
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Computer Science Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: Microsoft, Redmond, WA 98052 USA
| | - L. A. Adair
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: KSAT, Inc., Denver, CO 80231 USA
| | - C. Shaffer
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: Tyvak Nano-Satellite Systems, Inc., Irvine, CA 92618 USA
| | - M. Chung
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: Northrop Grumman Aerospace Systems, Redondo Beach, CA 90278 USA
| | - P. Cruce
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: Apple, Cupertino, CA 95014 USA
| | - M. Lawson
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - D. Leneman
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - M. Allen
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: Zipline International, South San Francisco, CA 94080 USA
| | - M. Anderson
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Mathematics Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: Lucid Motors, Newark, CA 94560 USA
| | - M. Arreola-Zamora
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: Northrop Grumman Aerospace Systems, Redondo Beach, CA 90278 USA
| | - J. Artinger
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: College of Engineering and Computer Science, California State University, Fullerton, Fullerton, CA 92831 USA
| | - J. Asher
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: The Aerospace Corporation, El Segundo, CA 90245 USA
| | - D. Branchevsky
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: The Aerospace Corporation, El Segundo, CA 90245 USA
- Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - M. Cliffe
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: SpaceX, Hawthorne, CA 90250 USA
- Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - K. Colton
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Mathematics Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: Planet Labs, PBC, San Francisco, CA 94107 USA
| | - C. Costello
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Computer Science Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: Heliogen, Pasadena, CA 91103 USA
| | - D. Depe
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: Argo AI, LLC, Pittsburgh, PA 15222 USA
| | - B. W. Domae
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - S. Eldin
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: Microsoft, Redmond, WA 98052 USA
- Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - L. Fitzgibbon
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: Terran Orbital, Irvine, CA 92618 USA
| | - A. Flemming
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: Northrop Grumman Aerospace Systems, Redondo Beach, CA 90278 USA
| | - D. M. Frederick
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: Millenium Space Systems, El Segundo, CA 90245 USA
| | - A. Gilbert
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305 USA
| | - B. Hesford
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA
- Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - R. Krieger
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Materials Science and Engineering Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: Mercedes-Benz Research and Development North America, Long Beach, CA 90810 USA
| | - K. Lian
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: The Aerospace Corporation, El Segundo, CA 90245 USA
| | - E. McKinney
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: Geosyntec Consultants, Inc., Costa Mesa, CA 92626 USA
| | - J. P. Miller
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Computer Science Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: Juniper Networks Sunnyvale, California, 94089 USA
| | - C. Pedersen
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - Z. Qu
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: Niantic Inc., San Francisco, CA 94111 USA
| | - R. Rozario
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: SpaceX, Hawthorne, CA 90250 USA
| | - M. Rubly
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: Teledyne Scientific and Imaging, Thousand Oaks, CA 91360 USA
| | - R. Seaton
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - A. Subramanian
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: Northrop Grumman Aerospace Systems, Redondo Beach, CA 90278 USA
- Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
| | - S. R. Sundin
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: Naval Surface Warfare Center Corona Division, Norco, CA 92860 USA
| | - A. Tan
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: Epirus Inc., Torrance, CA 90501 USA
| | - D. Thomlinson
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: The Aerospace Corporation, El Segundo, CA 90245 USA
| | - W. Turner
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: Department of Astronomy, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
| | - G. Wing
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Computer Science Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: Amazon, Seattle, WA 98109 USA
| | - C. Wong
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Physics and Astronomy Department, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Present Address: Department of Radiology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA
| | - A. Zarifian
- Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences Department, and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA
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Xie J, Jeon H, Xin G, Ma Q, Chung D. LRT: Integrative analysis of scRNA-seq and scTCR-seq data to investigate clonal differentiation heterogeneity. PLoS Comput Biol 2023; 19:e1011300. [PMID: 37428794 PMCID: PMC10358952 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1011300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data has been widely used for cell trajectory inference, with the assumption that cells with similar expression profiles share the same differentiation state. However, the inferred trajectory may not reveal clonal differentiation heterogeneity among T cell clones. Single-cell T cell receptor sequencing (scTCR-seq) data provides invaluable insights into the clonal relationship among cells, yet it lacks functional characteristics. Therefore, scRNA-seq and scTCR-seq data complement each other in improving trajectory inference, where a reliable computational tool is still missing. We developed LRT, a computational framework for the integrative analysis of scTCR-seq and scRNA-seq data to explore clonal differentiation trajectory heterogeneity. Specifically, LRT uses the transcriptomics information from scRNA-seq data to construct overall cell trajectories and then utilizes both the TCR sequence information and phenotype information to identify clonotype clusters with distinct differentiation biasedness. LRT provides a comprehensive analysis workflow, including preprocessing, cell trajectory inference, clonotype clustering, trajectory biasedness evaluation, and clonotype cluster characterization. We illustrated its utility using scRNA-seq and scTCR-seq data of CD8+ T cells and CD4+ T cells with acute lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus infection. These analyses identified several clonotype clusters with distinct skewed distribution along the differentiation path, which cannot be revealed solely based on scRNA-seq data. Clones from different clonotype clusters exhibited diverse expansion capability, V-J gene usage pattern and CDR3 motifs. The LRT framework was implemented as an R package 'LRT', and it is now publicly accessible at https://github.com/JuanXie19/LRT. In addition, it provides two Shiny apps 'shinyClone' and 'shinyClust' that allow users to interactively explore distributions of clonotypes, conduct repertoire analysis, implement clustering of clonotypes, trajectory biasedness evaluation, and clonotype cluster characterization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Xie
- The Interdisciplinary Program in Biostatistics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Hyeongseon Jeon
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
- Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Gang Xin
- Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Qin Ma
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
- Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Dongjun Chung
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
- Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
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Chen J, Zhao B, Wang S, Ma A, Dong H, Cheng X, Lin S, Li X, Herring LE, Xin G, Ma Q, He K, Xie R, Lei YL, Ingold I, Cheng X, Li Z, Wen H. Repression of ferroptotic cell death by mitochondrial calcium signaling. Res Sq 2023:rs.3.rs-3029860. [PMID: 37502961 PMCID: PMC10371111 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3029860/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
The uptake of Ca2+ into and extrusion of calcium from the mitochondrial matrix, regulated by the mitochondrial Ca2+ uniporter (MCU), is a fundamental biological process that has crucial impacts on cellular metabolism, signaling, growth and survival. Herein, we report that the embryonic lethality of Mcu-deficient mice is fully rescued by orally supplementing ferroptosis inhibitor lipophilic antioxidant vitamin E and ubiquinol. Mechanistically, we found MCU promotes acetyl-CoA-mediated GPX4 acetylation at K90 residue, and K90R mutation impaired the GPX4 enzymatic activity, a step that is crucial for ferroptosis. Structural analysis supports the possibility that GPX4 K90R mutation alters the conformational state of the molecule, resulting in disruption of a salt bridge formation with D23, which was confirmed by mutagenesis studies. Finally, we report that deletion of MCU in cancer cells caused a marked reduction in tumor growth in multiple cancer models. In summary, our study provides a first direct link between mitochondrial calcium level and sustained GPX4 enzymatic activity to regulate ferroptosis, which consequently protects cancer cells from ferroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianwen Chen
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, Infectious Disease Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- These authors are equally to this work
| | - Bao Zhao
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, Infectious Disease Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- These authors are equally to this work
| | - Shen Wang
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Anjun Ma
- Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Hong Dong
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, Infectious Disease Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Xiang Cheng
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, Infectious Disease Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Shengyin Lin
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Xinghui Li
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, Infectious Disease Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Present Address: Bioanalytic Laboratories, Medpace Holdings, Inc., Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Laura E. Herring
- Proteomics Core Facility, Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Gang Xin
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, Infectious Disease Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Qin Ma
- Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Kai He
- Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Ruili Xie
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Yu L. Lei
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, University of Michigan Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48105, USA
| | - Irina Ingold
- Department of Medicine III, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Xiaolin Cheng
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Translational Data Analytics Institute (TDAI), The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Zihai Li
- Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Haitao Wen
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, Infectious Disease Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
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Liu H, Zhang L, Ma Q, Zhao W, Chen Y. From tree to forest: Multiple carbon sink constraints. Innovation (N Y) 2023; 4:100463. [PMID: 37448740 PMCID: PMC10336248 DOI: 10.1016/j.xinn.2023.100463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
- South China National Botanical Garden, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System, Environment, and Resources (TPESER), Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Qin Ma
- School of Geography, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Yiping Chen
- School of Geospatial Engineering and Science, Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai 519082, China
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Han Y, Yang W, Ma Q, Cai Z, Yang Y, Gou J, Yuan T, Zhang M, Zhang B. Case Report: Systemic treatment for breast and vulvar metastases from resected rectal signet ring cell carcinoma. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1213888. [PMID: 37483522 PMCID: PMC10359816 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1213888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Breast and vulvar metastases from rectal signet ring cell carcinoma (SRCC) represent a rare and obscure clinical entity associated with poor survival. Managing patients with metastatic rectal SRCC is extremely challenging due to the absence of high-quality evidence. Case presentation A 26-year-old woman presented with progressively worsening anal pain, constipation, and hematochezia for approximately two years. Following the diagnosis of locally advanced rectal cancer (cT3N0-1M0), she received neoadjuvant chemotherapy with modified FOLFOX6 regimen and underwent laparoscopic abdominoperineal resection. Metastases to the breast and vulva developed during postoperative chemotherapy. Genetic testing revealed RAS/BRAF wild-type and microsatellite instability (MSI)-low status. Though sequential administration of irinotecan plus tegafur and tegafur plus raltitrexed-based chemotherapy in combination with bevacizumab, the disease progressed rapidly. Sadly, the patient passed away 15 months after initial diagnosis due to rapidly progressive disease. Conclusion Rectal SRCC is associated with younger on-set, aggressive behaviors, and worse survival outcomes. Due to poor cohesiveness, SRCC tends to develop metastases. A patient's medical history and immunohistochemical staining (such as CK20, CK7, and CDX-2) can aid in identifying the tumor origin of breast and vulvar metastases. Mutations and signaling pathways predominant in the tumorigenesis of SRCC remains unveiled. There is poor effect of conventional chemotherapies, targeted and immunotherapies for colorectal adenocarcinoma on SRCC, so novel therapies are needed to treat this patient population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihui Han
- Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Gastric Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wenming Yang
- Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qin Ma
- Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of General Surgery, West China Shangjin Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhaolun Cai
- Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Gastric Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yun Yang
- Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of General Surgery, West China Shangjin Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Colorectal Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Junhe Gou
- Department of Pathology, West China Shangjin Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tao Yuan
- Department of Anesthesiology, West China Shangjin Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mingming Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of General Surgery, West China Shangjin Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Colorectal Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Gastric Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Zhang S, Deng M, Zhang R, Jia X, Huang F, Zhao D, Dong L, Chi J, Sun Z, Ma Q, Zhang M. Modulation effect of black rice dietary fiber on the metabolism and fermentation of cyanidin-3-glucoside in an in vitro human colonic model. Food Funct 2023. [PMID: 37404037 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo00955f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/06/2023]
Abstract
Black rice (Oryza sativa L.) is a great source of anthocyanins and dietary fiber and possesses various health-promoting properties. The modulating effect of insoluble dietary fiber (IDF) from black rice on the fermentation of cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (Cy3G) in an in vitro human colonic model, together with the possible microbiota-mediated mechanisms, was investigated. The combined Cy3G and IDF fermentation can promote the biotransformation of Cy3G into phenolic compounds such as cyanidin and protocatechuic acid with stronger antioxidant activities and increase the total production of SCFAs during the fermentation of Cy3G. 16S rRNA sequencing analysis revealed that the addition of IDF modulated the microbiota structure and bloomed Bacteroidota and Prevotellaceae-related genera, which were positively correlated with metabolites of Cy3G, thus potentially regulating the microbial metabolism of Cy3G. The work is of great significance for elucidating the material basis of the health benefits of black rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Zhang
- Sericultural & Agri-Food Research Institute Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture /Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Guangzhou 510610, China.
- College of Food Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Mei Deng
- Sericultural & Agri-Food Research Institute Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture /Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Guangzhou 510610, China.
| | - Ruifen Zhang
- Sericultural & Agri-Food Research Institute Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture /Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Guangzhou 510610, China.
| | - Xuchao Jia
- Sericultural & Agri-Food Research Institute Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture /Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Guangzhou 510610, China.
| | - Fei Huang
- Sericultural & Agri-Food Research Institute Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture /Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Guangzhou 510610, China.
| | - Dong Zhao
- Sericultural & Agri-Food Research Institute Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture /Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Guangzhou 510610, China.
| | - Lihong Dong
- Sericultural & Agri-Food Research Institute Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture /Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Guangzhou 510610, China.
| | - Jianwei Chi
- Sericultural & Agri-Food Research Institute Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture /Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Guangzhou 510610, China.
| | - Zhida Sun
- College of Food Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Qin Ma
- Sericultural & Agri-Food Research Institute Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture /Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Guangzhou 510610, China.
| | - Mingwei Zhang
- Sericultural & Agri-Food Research Institute Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture /Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Guangzhou 510610, China.
- College of Food Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Luohe 462300, Henan, China
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70
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Wang Q, Liu Z, Ma A, Li Z, Liu B, Ma Q. Computational methods and challenges in analyzing intratumoral microbiome data. Trends Microbiol 2023; 31:707-722. [PMID: 36841736 PMCID: PMC10272078 DOI: 10.1016/j.tim.2023.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
The human microbiome is intimately related to cancer biology and plays a vital role in the efficacy of cancer treatments, including immunotherapy. Extraordinary evidence has revealed that several microbes influence tumor development through interaction with the host immune system, that is, immuno-oncology-microbiome (IOM). This review focuses on the intratumoral microbiome in IOM and describes the available data and computational methods for discovering biological insights of microbial profiling from host bulk, single-cell, and spatial sequencing data. Critical challenges in data analysis and integration are discussed. Specifically, the microorganisms associated with cancer and cancer treatment in the context of IOM are collected and integrated from the literature. Lastly, we provide our perspectives for future directions in IOM research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Wang
- School of Mathematics, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250100, China
| | - Zhaoqian Liu
- School of Mathematics, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250100, China
| | - Anjun Ma
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Zihai Li
- Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Bingqiang Liu
- School of Mathematics, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250100, China; Shandong National Center for Applied Mathematics, Jinan, Shandong, 250100, China.
| | - Qin Ma
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
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71
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Liu J, Hu Z, Ma Q, Wang S, Liu D. Ferritin-dependent cellular autophagy pathway promotes ferroptosis in beef during cold storage. Food Chem 2023; 412:135550. [PMID: 36706507 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.135550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Ferroptosis plays a pivotal role in regulating various physiological processes and quality of post-mortem muscle. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying ferroptosis remain unclear. The study investigated how ferroptosis was induced in beef during cold storage. Results showed that the expression of autophagy-related genes, LC3, ATG5, ATG7, and NCOA4 in beef during cold storage promoted the degradation of ferritin heavy chains. Ferritin evoked ferroptosis by releasing free iron, inducing reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation and inhibiting the glutathione (GSH)-glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) pathway. Furthermore, treatment of myoblasts with GSK 2656157 (autophagy inhibitor) showed that ferritin degradation was lower in the GSK 2656157-treated myoblasts than in the control, while GSH content and GPX4 activity were higher than the control (P < 0.05), and the contents of free iron, ROS and malondialdehyde, and apoptosis were lower than the control (P < 0.05). These results suggest that ferroptosis is induced by degradation of ferritin via the autophagic pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Liu
- School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, 750021 Yinchuan, China
| | - Ziying Hu
- School of Food & Wine, Ningxia University, 750021 Yinchuan, China
| | - Qin Ma
- School of Food & Wine, Ningxia University, 750021 Yinchuan, China
| | - Shuzhe Wang
- School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, 750021 Yinchuan, China; Ningxia Key Laboratory of Ruminant Molecular and Cellular Breeding, Ningxia University, 750021 Yinchuan, China
| | - Dunhua Liu
- School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, 750021 Yinchuan, China; School of Food & Wine, Ningxia University, 750021 Yinchuan, China.
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72
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Shao RJ, Sun YP, Li XY, Ma Q, Lu J, Tu Y. [Effect of acupuncture on protein kinase R-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase/eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2α signaling pathway in hippocampus of rats with post-traumatic stress disorder]. Zhen Ci Yan Jiu 2023; 48:564-70. [PMID: 37385787 DOI: 10.13702/j.1000-0607.20220537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To observe the effect of acupuncture on the protein kinase R-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK)/eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2α (eIF2α) signaling pathway in the hippocampus of rats with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), so as to explore the underlying mechanism of acupuncture in treating PTSD. METHODS Twenty-eight SD rats were randomly divided into normal, model, acupuncture and sertraline groups, with 7 rats in each group. The PTSD model was established by single prolonged stress method. The next day after modeling, acupuncture was applied to "Baihui" (GV20) and "Dazhui" (GV14) of rats in the acupuncture group for 10 min, once a day for 7 days. Sertraline (10 mg/kg) was given by gavage to rats of the sertraline group daily for 7 days. The behavioral changes of rats were detected by elevated cross maze experiment and new object recognition experiment. The expression levels of PERK,phosphorylated(p)-PERK, eIF2α, p-eIF2α and activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4) proteins in hippocampus were detected by Western blot. The ultrastructure of hippocampal neurons was observed by transmission electron microscopy. RESULTS Compared with the normal group, the percentage of times and retention time of entering the open arm of the elevated cross maze experiment, and new object recognition index were significantly decreased (P<0.01); the expression levels of p-PERK, p-eIF2α and ATF4 proteins in hippocampus were significantly increased (P<0.05) of rats in the model group. Compared with the model group, the percentage of times and retention time of entering the open arm, and new object recognition index were significantly increased (P<0.05,P<0.01), the expression levels of p-PERK, p-eIF2α and ATF4 proteins in hippocampus were significantly decreased (P<0.05, P<0.01) of rats in the acupuncture and sertraline groups; the expression level of eIF2α protein was significantly decreased (P<0.05) in the sertraline group. Hippocampal neurons in the model group were damaged, the rough endoplasmic reticulum showed severe dilation, the mitochondrial cristae showed reduction or mild cavitation; compared with the model group, hippocampal neurons structural damage and the rough endoplasmic reticulum dilation were alleviated, and only some of the mitochondrial cristae decreased in the acupuncture and sertraline groups. CONCLUSION Acupuncture can alleviate the anxiety behavior as well as the recognition and memory ability of PTSD rats, and its mechanism may be related to the inhibition of hippocampus PERK/eIF2α signaling pathway and the reduction of hippocampal neuron damage caused by endoplasmic reticulum stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui-Jie Shao
- College of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yi-Ping Sun
- College of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xiao-Yan Li
- College of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Qin Ma
- College of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Jun Lu
- College of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Ya Tu
- College of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
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73
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Yuan W, Zhang Y, Chen L, Jiang JN, Chen MM, Liu JY, Ma T, Ma Q, Cui MJ, Guo TJ, Wang XX, Dong YH, Ma J. [Association of body fat distribution with depression and social anxiety in children and adolescents: A cross-sectional study based on dual-energy X-ray detection]. Beijing Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban 2023; 55:429-435. [PMID: 37291917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the status of depression and social anxiety in children and adolescents, and to analyze the association between body fat distribution and depression, social anxiety in children and adolescents. METHODS A total of 1 412 children aged 7 to 18 years in Beijing were included by stratified cluster random sampling method. Body fat distribution, including total body fat percentage (total BF%), Android BF%, Gynoid BF% and Android-to-Gynoid fat ratio (AOI), were obtained by dual-energy X-ray absorption method. Depression and social anxiety were evaluated by Children Depression Inventory and Social Anxiety Scale for Children. Multivariate linear regression and restricted cubic spline analysis were used to estimate the linear and non-linear correlation between body fat distribution and depression and social anxiety. RESULTS 13.1% and 31.1% of the children and adolescents had depressive symptoms and social anxiety symptoms respectively, and the detection rate of depression and social anxiety in the boys and young groups was significantly lower than those in the girls and old groups. There was no significant linear correlation between total BF%, Android BF%, Gynoid BF%, AOI and depression and social anxiety in the children and adolescents. However, total BF% and Gynoid BF% had significant nonlinear correlation with depression, showing an inverted U-shaped curve relationship with the tangent points of 26.8% and 30.9%, respectively. In terms of the nonlinear association of total BF%, Android BF%, Gynoid BF% and AOI with depression and social anxiety, the change trends of the boys and girls, low age group and high age group were consistent. The overall anxiety risk HR of body fat distribution in the boys was significantly higher than that in the girls, and the risk HR of depression and social anxiety were significantly higher in the high age group than those in the low age group. CONCLUSION There was no significant linear correlation between body fat distribution and depression and social anxiety in children and adolescents. Total BF% and depression showed an inverted U-shaped curve, mainly manifested in Gynoid BF%, and this trend was consistent in different genders and different age groups. Maintaining children and adolescents' body fat distribution at an appropriate level is the future direction of the prevention and control of depression and social anxiety in children and adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Yuan
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, Peking University School of Public Health, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Y Zhang
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, Peking University School of Public Health, Beijing 100191, China
| | - L Chen
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, Peking University School of Public Health, Beijing 100191, China
| | - J N Jiang
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, Peking University School of Public Health, Beijing 100191, China
| | - M M Chen
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, Peking University School of Public Health, Beijing 100191, China
| | - J Y Liu
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, Peking University School of Public Health, Beijing 100191, China
| | - T Ma
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, Peking University School of Public Health, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Q Ma
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, Peking University School of Public Health, Beijing 100191, China
| | - M J Cui
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, Peking University School of Public Health, Beijing 100191, China
| | - T J Guo
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, Peking University School of Public Health, Beijing 100191, China
| | - X X Wang
- School of Public Health and Management, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Y H Dong
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, Peking University School of Public Health, Beijing 100191, China
| | - J Ma
- Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, Peking University School of Public Health, Beijing 100191, China
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Lin CH, Talebian F, Yang L, Zhu J, Liu JQ, Zhao B, Basu S, Pan X, Chen X, Yan P, Carson WE, Xin G, Wen H, Wang R, Li Z, Ma Q, Bai XF. CD200R signaling contributes to unfavorable tumor microenvironment through regulating production of chemokines by tumor-associated myeloid cells. iScience 2023; 26:106904. [PMID: 37275530 PMCID: PMC10239067 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
CD200 is overexpressed in many solid tumors and considered as an immune checkpoint molecule dampening cancer immunity. In this study, we found that CD200R-/- mice were significantly more potent in rejecting these CD200+ tumors. scRNA sequencing demonstrated that tumors from CD200R-/- mice had more infiltration of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, and NK cells but less infiltration of neutrophils. Antibody depletion experiments revealed that immune effector cells are crucial in inhibiting tumor growth in CD200R-/- mice. Mechanistically, we found that CD200R signaling regulates the expression of chemokines in tumor-associated myeloid cells (TAMCs). In the absence of CD200R, TAMCs increased expression of CCL24 and resulted in increased infiltration of eosinophils, which contributes to anti-tumor activity. Overall, we conclude that CD200R signaling contributes to unfavorable TME through chemokine-dependent recruitment of immune suppressive neutrophils and exclusion of anti-cancer immune effectors. Our study has implications in developing CD200-CD200R targeted immunotherapy of solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cho-Hao Lin
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Fatemeh Talebian
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Li Yang
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Jianmin Zhu
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Jin-Qing Liu
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Bolin Zhao
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Sujit Basu
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Xueliang Pan
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Xi Chen
- Genomics Shared Resource, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Pearlly Yan
- Genomics Shared Resource, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - William E. Carson
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Gang Xin
- Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Infection and Immunity, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Haitao Wen
- Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Infection and Immunity, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Ruoning Wang
- Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Zihai Li
- Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Qin Ma
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Xue-Feng Bai
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
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75
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Wheeler CE, Coleman SS, Hoyd R, Denko L, Chan CHF, Churchman ML, Denko N, Dodd RD, Eljilany I, Hardikar S, Husain M, Ikeguchi AP, Jin N, Ma Q, McCarter MD, Osman AEG, Robinson LA, Singer EA, Tinoco G, Ulrich CM, Zakharia Y, Spakowicz D, Tarhini AA, Tan AC. The tumor microbiome as a predictor of outcomes in patients with metastatic melanoma treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors. bioRxiv 2023:2023.05.24.542123. [PMID: 37292921 PMCID: PMC10245822 DOI: 10.1101/2023.05.24.542123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Emerging evidence supports the important role of the tumor microbiome in oncogenesis, cancer immune phenotype, cancer progression, and treatment outcomes in many malignancies. In this study, we investigated the metastatic melanoma tumor microbiome and potential roles in association with clinical outcomes, such as survival, in patients with metastatic disease treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Baseline tumor samples were collected from 71 patients with metastatic melanoma before treatment with ICIs. Bulk RNA-seq was conducted on the formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tumor samples. Durable clinical benefit (primary clinical endpoint) following ICIs was defined as overall survival ≥24 months and no change to the primary drug regimen (responders). We processed RNA-seq reads to carefully identify exogenous sequences using the {exotic} tool. The 71 patients with metastatic melanoma ranged in age from 24 to 83 years, 59% were male, and 55% survived >24 months following the initiation of ICI treatment. Exogenous taxa were identified in the tumor RNA-seq, including bacteria, fungi, and viruses. We found differences in gene expression and microbe abundances in immunotherapy responsive versus non-responsive tumors. Responders showed significant enrichment of several microbes including Fusobacterium nucleatum, and non-responders showed enrichment of fungi, as well as several bacteria. These microbes correlated with immune-related gene expression signatures. Finally, we found that models for predicting prolonged survival with immunotherapy using both microbe abundances and gene expression outperformed models using either dataset alone. Our findings warrant further investigation and potentially support therapeutic strategies to modify the tumor microbiome in order to improve treatment outcomes with ICIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline E Wheeler
- Division of Medical Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Samuel S Coleman
- Departments of Oncological Science and Biomedical Informatics, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Rebecca Hoyd
- Division of Medical Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Louis Denko
- Division of Medical Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA
- Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Carlos H F Chan
- University of Iowa, Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | | | - Nicholas Denko
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Rebecca D Dodd
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Islam Eljilany
- Clinical Science Lab -- Cutaneous Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Sheetal Hardikar
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Marium Husain
- Division of Medical Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Alexandra P Ikeguchi
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Stephenson Cancer Center of University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Ning Jin
- Division of Medical Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Qin Ma
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Martin D McCarter
- Department of Surgery, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Afaf E G Osman
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Lary A Robinson
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Eric A Singer
- Department of Urologic Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Gabriel Tinoco
- Division of Medical Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Cornelia M Ulrich
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Yousef Zakharia
- Division of Oncology, Hematology and Blood & Marrow Transplantation, University of Iowa, Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Daniel Spakowicz
- Division of Medical Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA
- Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Ahmad A Tarhini
- Departments of Cutaneous Oncology and Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Aik Choon Tan
- Departments of Oncological Science and Biomedical Informatics, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
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76
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Wang C, Ma A, McNutt ME, Hoyd R, Wheeler CE, Robinson LA, Chan CH, Zakharia Y, Dodd RD, Ulrich CM, Hardikar S, Churchman ML, Tarhini AA, Singer EA, Ikeguchi AP, McCarter MD, Denko N, Tinoco G, Husain M, Jin N, Osman AE, Eljilany I, Tan AC, Coleman SS, Denko L, Riedlinger G, Schneider BP, Spakowicz D, Ma Q. A bioinformatics tool for identifying intratumoral microbes from the ORIEN dataset. bioRxiv 2023:2023.05.24.541982. [PMID: 37292990 PMCID: PMC10245834 DOI: 10.1101/2023.05.24.541982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Evidence supports significant interactions among microbes, immune cells, and tumor cells in at least 10-20% of human cancers, emphasizing the importance of further investigating these complex relationships. However, the implications and significance of tumor-related microbes remain largely unknown. Studies have demonstrated the critical roles of host microbes in cancer prevention and treatment responses. Understanding interactions between host microbes and cancer can drive cancer diagnosis and microbial therapeutics (bugs as drugs). Computational identification of cancer-specific microbes and their associations is still challenging due to the high dimensionality and high sparsity of intratumoral microbiome data, which requires large datasets containing sufficient event observations to identify relationships, and the interactions within microbial communities, the heterogeneity in microbial composition, and other confounding effects that can lead to spurious associations. To solve these issues, we present a bioinformatics tool, MEGA, to identify the microbes most strongly associated with 12 cancer types. We demonstrate its utility on a dataset from a consortium of 9 cancer centers in the Oncology Research Information Exchange Network (ORIEN). This package has 3 unique features: species-sample relations are represented in a heterogeneous graph and learned by a graph attention network; it incorporates metabolic and phylogenetic information to reflect intricate relationships within microbial communities; and it provides multiple functionalities for association interpretations and visualizations. We analyzed 2704 tumor RNA-seq samples and MEGA interpreted the tissue-resident microbial signatures of each of 12 cancer types. MEGA can effectively identify cancer-associated microbial signatures and refine their interactions with tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cankun Wang
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Anjun Ma
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus; OH, USA
| | - Megan E. McNutt
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Rebecca Hoyd
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Caroline E. Wheeler
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Lary A. Robinson
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Carlos H.F. Chan
- University of Iowa, Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Yousef Zakharia
- Division of Oncology, Hematology and Blood & Marrow Transplantation, University of Iowa, Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Rebecca D. Dodd
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Cornelia M. Ulrich
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Sheetal Hardikar
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | | | - Ahmad A. Tarhini
- Departments of Cutaneous Oncology and Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Eric A. Singer
- Department of Urologic Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Alexandra P. Ikeguchi
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Stephenson Cancer Center of University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Martin D. McCarter
- Department of Surgery, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Nicholas Denko
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Gabriel Tinoco
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Marium Husain
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Ning Jin
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Afaf E.G. Osman
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Islam Eljilany
- Clinical Science Lab -- Cutaneous Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Aik Choon Tan
- Departments of Oncological Science and Biomedical Informatics, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Samuel S. Coleman
- Departments of Oncological Science and Biomedical Informatics, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Louis Denko
- Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus; OH, USA
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Gregory Riedlinger
- Department of Precision Medicine, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Bryan P. Schneider
- Indiana University Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Daniel Spakowicz
- Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus; OH, USA
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Qin Ma
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus; OH, USA
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Yang W, Yuan T, Cai Z, Ma Q, Liu X, Zhou H, Qiu S, Yang L. Laparoscopic versus ultrasound-guided transversus abdominis plane block for postoperative pain management in minimally invasive colorectal surgery: a meta-analysis protocol. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1080327. [PMID: 37284204 PMCID: PMC10240957 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1080327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Transversus abdominis plane block (TAPB) is now commonly administered for postoperative pain control and reduced opioid consumption in patients undergoing major colorectal surgeries, such as colorectal cancer, diverticular disease, and inflammatory bowel disease resection. However, there remain several controversies about the effectiveness and safety of laparoscopic TAPB compared to ultrasound-guided TAPB. Therefore, the aim of this study is to integrate both direct and indirect comparisons to identify a more effective and safer TAPB approach. Materials and methods Systematic electronic literature surveillance will be performed in the PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), and ClinicalTrials.gov databases for eligible studies through July 31, 2023. The Cochrane Risk of Bias version 2 (RoB 2) and Risk of Bias in Non-randomized Studies of Interventions (ROBINS-I) tools will be applied to scrutinize the methodological quality of the selected studies. The primary outcomes will include (1) opioid consumption at 24 hours postoperatively and (2) pain scores at 24 hours postoperatively both at rest and at coughing and movement according to the numerical rating scale (NRS). Additionally, the probability of TAPB-related adverse events, overall postoperative 30-day complications, postoperative 30-day ileus, postoperative 30-day surgical site infection, postoperative 7-day nausea and vomiting, and length of stay will be analyzed as secondary outcome measures. The findings will be assessed for robustness through subgroup analyses and sensitivity analyses. Data analyses will be performed using RevMan 5.4.1 and Stata 17.0. P value of less than 0.05 will be defined as statistically significant. The certainty of evidence will be examined via the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) working group approach. Ethics and dissemination Owing to the nature of the secondary analysis of existing data, no ethical approval will be required. Our meta-analysis will summarize all the available evidence for the effectiveness and safety of TAPB approaches for minimally invasive colorectal surgery. High-quality peer-reviewed publications and presentations at international conferences will facilitate disseminating the results of this study, which are expected to inform future clinical trials and help anesthesiologists and surgeons determine the optimal tailored clinical practice for perioperative pain management. Systematic review registration https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/display_record.php?RecordID=281720, identifier (CRD42021281720).
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenming Yang
- Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tao Yuan
- Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhaolun Cai
- Gastric Cancer Center, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qin Ma
- Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xueting Liu
- Department of Medical Discipline Construction, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hang Zhou
- Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Siyuan Qiu
- Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lie Yang
- Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Ma Q, Nie C, Bu X, Liu B, Li W, Zhang X, Tan Y, Wu P, Fan G, Wang J. Properties of Pickering emulsions stabilized by cellulose nanocrystals extracted from litchi peels. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 242:124879. [PMID: 37192711 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The development of Pickering emulsions which are applicable to the food industry still remains challenges due to the limited availability for biocompatible, edible and natural emulsifiers. The purpose of this study was to extract cellulose nanocrystals from litchi peels (LP-CNCs), and evaluate their emulsifying properties. The results showed that the LP-CNCs were needle-like and they possessed high crystallinity (72.34 %) and aspect ratio. When the concentrations of LP-CNCs were >0.7 wt% or the contents of oil were no >0.5, stable Pickering emulsions were obtained. The microstructures of emulsions confirmed that LP-CNCs formed dense interfacial layers on the surface of oil droplets, which functioned as barriers to prevent aggregation and flocculation among droplets. Rheological results showed that the emulsions exhibited typical shear thinning behavior. The elastic of emulsions was dominant, and their gel strength could be enhanced by regulating the contents of emulsifiers or oil. Additionally, the Pickering emulsions stabilized by LP-CNCs showed extremely high pH, ionic strength, and temperature tolerance. This strategy provides an innovative alternative to tackle the dilemma of preparing highly stable Pickering emulsions using natural particles in food products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Ma
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chunling Nie
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xianpan Bu
- Ankang R&D Center for Se-enriched Products, Ankang, Shaanxi 725000, China
| | - Bingqian Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Weilong Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaowan Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yinfeng Tan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Pengrui Wu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Guangsen Fan
- School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology & Business University (BTBU), Beijing 100048, China.
| | - Jianguo Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.
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79
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Wang HY, Qiu L, Ou CY, Lin ZQ, Huang ZD, Chen P, Ma Q, Lu YR, Ran H, Liu WB. An observational study on the safety of COVID-19 vaccination in patients with myasthenia gravis. Neurol Sci 2023:10.1007/s10072-023-06811-y. [PMID: 37160544 PMCID: PMC10166684 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-023-06811-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE There is concern that the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) vaccine may trigger or worsen autoimmune diseases. The objective of this study was to determine the impacts of COVID-19 vaccination on symptom severity in patients with myasthenia gravis (MG). METHODS A total of 106 enrolled patients with MG who were vaccinated against COVID-19 were followed up, and a questionnaire was used to document in detail the exacerbation of muscle weakness after vaccination and all other uncomfortable reactions after vaccination. Demographic, clinical characteristics, medication, and vaccination data were collected by follow-up interview. The main observation outcome was whether the MG symptoms of patients were exacerbated. The definition of exacerbation is according to the subjective feeling of the patient or a 2-point increase in daily life myasthenia gravis activity score relative to before vaccination, within 30 days after vaccination. RESULTS Of 106 enrolled patients [median age (SD) 41.0 years, 38 (35.8%) men, 53 (50.0%) with generalized MG, 74 (69.8%) positive for acetylcholine receptor antibody, and 21 (19.8%) with accompanying thymoma], muscle weakness symptoms were stable in 102 (96.2%) patients before vaccine inoculation. Muscle weakness worsened in 10 (9.4%) people after vaccination, of which 8 patients reported slight symptom worsening that resolved quickly (within a few days). Two (1.9%) of patients showed serious symptom aggravation that required hospitalization. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that inactivated virus vaccines against COVID-19 may be safe for patients with MG whose condition is stable. Patients with generalized MG may be more likely to develop increased muscle weakness after vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Y Wang
- Department of Neurology, National Key Clinical Department and Key Discipline of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - L Qiu
- Department of Neurology, National Key Clinical Department and Key Discipline of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - C Y Ou
- Department of Neurology, National Key Clinical Department and Key Discipline of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Z Q Lin
- Department of Neurology, National Key Clinical Department and Key Discipline of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Z D Huang
- Department of Neurology, National Key Clinical Department and Key Discipline of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - P Chen
- Department of Neurology, National Key Clinical Department and Key Discipline of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Q Ma
- Department of Neurology, National Key Clinical Department and Key Discipline of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Y R Lu
- Department of Neurology, National Key Clinical Department and Key Discipline of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - H Ran
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - W B Liu
- Department of Neurology, National Key Clinical Department and Key Discipline of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
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Ma Q, Yang Y, Yang W, Yang L, Zhang X, Zhang M. Two colors, one-step, self-drive fluorescent strategy for chloramphenicol detection base on DNAzyme cleavage triggered hybridization chain reaction. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2023; 292:122386. [PMID: 36739663 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.122386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
A two colors, one-step, self-drive fluorescent strategy was developed for chloramphenicol (CAP) detection based on cyclic cleavage of molecular beacon (MB) by pincer DNA sequences. CAP can bind with its aptamer and active the enzyme-strand (E-DNA). Then the E-DNA can circularly cleave the MB on the both side of pincer DNA sequences. The cleaved fragments can self-assembly to form a long duplex and cause the great recovery of the two colors fluorescent signal. The limit of detection was as low as 0.7 pM. Importantly, the whole detection process is very simple with only one-step operation. Moreover, the two colors fluorescent signals can greatly enhance the accuracy of the result. It was also successfully used to detect CAP in actual samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Ma
- Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yun Yang
- Colorectal Cancer Center, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wenming Yang
- Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Li Yang
- The Third Hospital of Mianyang/Sichuan Mental Health Center, Mianyang, Sichuan 621000, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- The Third Hospital of Mianyang/Sichuan Mental Health Center, Mianyang, Sichuan 621000, China.
| | - Mingming Zhang
- Colorectal Cancer Center, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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Liu J, Hu Z, Ma Q, Yang C, Zheng A, Liu D. Reduced water-holding capacity of beef during refrigeration is associated within creased heme oxygenase 1 expression, oxidative stress and ferroptosis. Meat Sci 2023; 202:109202. [PMID: 37150068 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2023.109202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Low molecular weight iron (LMW-Fe)-mediated oxidative stress from heme degradation may reduce beef water-holding capacity (WHC). However, the underlying mechanism of heme degradation is still unknown. In the present study, we assessed the WHC, tissue morphology, reactive oxygen species (ROS), apoptosis, heme oxygenase(HMOX) 1 expression, and ferroptosis characteristics of beef chilled at 4 °C for 6 days. Results showed that water loss increased and WHC decreased during beef storage (P < 0.05). Increased protein and mRNA expression of HMOX1 promoted the decomposition of heme and facilitated the liberation of iron ions (P < 0.05), and excess LMW-Fe was associated with ROS formation, depletion of glutathione, and inhibition of glutathione peroxidase 4 activity (P < 0.05). Muscle tissue showed typical features of ferroptosis, including expression of ferroptosis-related genes, malondialdehyde accumulation, and structural damage to mitochondria (P < 0.05). It was also found that HMOX1 and the heme pathway-mediated ferroptosis were associated with structural changes in myofibrils and reduced WHC in chilled beef.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Hubei Normal University, 435002, Huangshi, China; College of animal science and technology, Ningxia University, 750021 Yinchuan, China
| | - Ziying Hu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ningxia University, 750021 Yinchuan, China
| | - Qin Ma
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ningxia University, 750021 Yinchuan, China
| | - Chaoyun Yang
- Ningxia Key Laboratory of Ruminant Molecular and Cellular Breeding, Ningxia University, 750021 Yinchuan, China
| | - Anran Zheng
- College of animal science and technology, Ningxia University, 750021 Yinchuan, China; College of Food Science and Engineering, Ningxia University, 750021 Yinchuan, China
| | - Dunhua Liu
- College of animal science and technology, Ningxia University, 750021 Yinchuan, China; College of Food Science and Engineering, Ningxia University, 750021 Yinchuan, China.
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Ma Q, Yang Y, Yang W, Yun W, Zhang M. AuNPs-DNAzyme motor triggered two colors DNA tweezer for fluorescent amplified detection of bisphenol A. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2023; 290:122261. [PMID: 36571865 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2022.122261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
An AuNPs-DNAzyme motor triggered ultrasensitive, two colors DNA tweezer was developed for fluorescent detection of bisphenol A (BPA). BPA can bind with its aptamer on the gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and reactivate the Pb2+ enzyme strands. Thus, Pb2+ enzyme strands can cleave the substrate strand on AuNPs and release a DNA fragment from AuNPs. The released DNA fragment can bind with the loop of the Y shaped DNA tweezer to form Mg2+-specific DNAzyme, the following cleavage causing the leaving of another two DNA fragments. Then, these two DNA fragments can open the two ends of the Y shaped DNA tweezer, causing the recovery of fluorescent signals. This strategy shows a good linear relationship for BPA detection from 0.44 to 2.2 × 103 pM. The sensitivity has been significantly improved by the two levels of amplification strategy DNAzyme motor and cyclic cleavage of the loop. Importantly, it also can significantly reduce the false positive result by two colors signals. Moreover, it also exhibits satisfactory performance in practical sample detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Ma
- Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yun Yang
- Colorectal Cancer Center, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wenming Yang
- Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wen Yun
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Catalysis and New Environmental Materials, College of Environment and Resources, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Chongqing, 400067, China
| | - Mingming Zhang
- Colorectal Cancer Center, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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Schuster ALR, Crossnohere NL, Bachini M, Blair CK, Carpten JD, Claus EB, Colditz GA, Ding L, Drake BF, Fields RC, Janeway KA, Kwan BM, Lenz HJ, Ma Q, Mishra SI, Paskett ED, Rebbeck TR, Ricker C, Stern MC, Sussman AL, Tiner JC, Trent JM, Verhaak RGW, Wagle N, Willman C, Bridges JFP. Priorities to Promote Participant Engagement in the Participant Engagement and Cancer Genome Sequencing (PE-CGS) Network. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2023; 32:487-495. [PMID: 36791345 PMCID: PMC10068438 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-22-0356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Engaging diverse populations in cancer genomics research is of critical importance and is a fundamental goal of the NCI Participant Engagement and Cancer Genome Sequencing (PE-CGS) Network. Established as part of the Cancer Moonshot, PE-CGS is a consortium of stakeholders including clinicians, scientists, genetic counselors, and representatives of potential study participants and their communities. Participant engagement is an ongoing, bidirectional, and mutually beneficial interaction between study participants and researchers. PE-CGS sought to set priorities in participant engagement for conducting the network's research. METHODS PE-CGS deliberatively engaged its stakeholders in the following four-phase process to set the network's research priorities in participant engagement: (i) a brainstorming exercise to elicit potential priorities; (ii) a 2-day virtual meeting to discuss priorities; (iii) recommendations from the PE-CGS External Advisory Panel to refine priorities; and (iv) a virtual meeting to set priorities. RESULTS Nearly 150 PE-CGS stakeholders engaged in the process. Five priorities were set: (i) tailor education and communication materials for participants throughout the research process; (ii) identify measures of participant engagement; (iii) identify optimal participant engagement strategies; (iv) understand cancer disparities in the context of cancer genomics research; and (v) personalize the return of genomics findings to participants. CONCLUSIONS PE-CGS is pursuing these priorities to meaningfully engage diverse and underrepresented patients with cancer and posttreatment cancer survivors as participants in cancer genomics research and, subsequently, generate new discoveries. IMPACT Data from PE-CGS will be shared with the broader scientific community in a manner consistent with participant informed consent and community agreement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne LR. Schuster
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Norah L. Crossnohere
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | | | - Cindy K. Blair
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico Comprehensive Cancer Center and Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico
| | - John D. Carpten
- Institute of Translational Genomics, Department of Translational Genomics, Keck School of Medicine USC, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Elizabeth B. Claus
- Department of Biostatistics, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Graham A. Colditz
- Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Li Ding
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Bettina F. Drake
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Ryan C. Fields
- Division of General Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Katherine A. Janeway
- Dana-Farber / Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, and Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Bethany M. Kwan
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Heinz-Josef Lenz
- Keck School of Medicine of USC, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Qin Ma
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Shiraz I. Mishra
- Departments of Pediatrics and Family and Community Medicine, University of New Mexico Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico
| | - Electra D. Paskett
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine; Division of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Timothy R. Rebbeck
- Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, and the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Charité Ricker
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine USC, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Mariana C. Stern
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences & Urology, Keck School of Medicine of USC, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Andrew L. Sussman
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of New Mexico Comprehensive Cancer Center and Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico
| | - Jessica C. Tiner
- Epidemiology and Genomics Research Program, Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Jeffrey M. Trent
- Translational Genomics Research Institute part of City of Hope, Phoenix, Arizona
| | - Roel GW. Verhaak
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut
| | - Nikhil Wagle
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Harvard Medical School, Dana-Farber/Harvard Cancer Center, and Count Me In, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Cheryl Willman
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic Comprehensive Cancer Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
- University of New Mexico School of Medicine and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico
| | - John FP. Bridges
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio
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Jiang Y, Wang R, Feng J, Jin J, Liang S, Li Z, Yu Y, Ma A, Su R, Zou Q, Ma Q, Wei L. Explainable Deep Hypergraph Learning Modeling the Peptide Secondary Structure Prediction. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2023; 10:e2206151. [PMID: 36794291 PMCID: PMC10104664 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202206151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Accurately predicting peptide secondary structures remains a challenging task due to the lack of discriminative information in short peptides. In this study, PHAT is proposed, a deep hypergraph learning framework for the prediction of peptide secondary structures and the exploration of downstream tasks. The framework includes a novel interpretable deep hypergraph multi-head attention network that uses residue-based reasoning for structure prediction. The algorithm can incorporate sequential semantic information from large-scale biological corpus and structural semantic information from multi-scale structural segmentation, leading to better accuracy and interpretability even with extremely short peptides. The interpretable models are able to highlight the reasoning of structural feature representations and the classification of secondary substructures. The importance of secondary structures in peptide tertiary structure reconstruction and downstream functional analysis is further demonstrated, highlighting the versatility of our models. To facilitate the use of the model, an online server is established which is accessible via http://inner.wei-group.net/PHAT/. The work is expected to assist in the design of functional peptides and contribute to the advancement of structural biology research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Jiang
- School of SoftwareShandong UniversityJinanShandong250101China
- Joint SDU‐NTU Centre for Artificial Intelligence Research (C‐FAIR)Shandong UniversityJinanShandong250101China
| | - Ruheng Wang
- School of SoftwareShandong UniversityJinanShandong250101China
- Joint SDU‐NTU Centre for Artificial Intelligence Research (C‐FAIR)Shandong UniversityJinanShandong250101China
| | - Jiuxin Feng
- School of SoftwareShandong UniversityJinanShandong250101China
- Joint SDU‐NTU Centre for Artificial Intelligence Research (C‐FAIR)Shandong UniversityJinanShandong250101China
| | - Junru Jin
- School of SoftwareShandong UniversityJinanShandong250101China
- Joint SDU‐NTU Centre for Artificial Intelligence Research (C‐FAIR)Shandong UniversityJinanShandong250101China
| | - Sirui Liang
- School of SoftwareShandong UniversityJinanShandong250101China
- Joint SDU‐NTU Centre for Artificial Intelligence Research (C‐FAIR)Shandong UniversityJinanShandong250101China
| | - Zhongshen Li
- School of SoftwareShandong UniversityJinanShandong250101China
- Joint SDU‐NTU Centre for Artificial Intelligence Research (C‐FAIR)Shandong UniversityJinanShandong250101China
| | - Yingying Yu
- School of SoftwareShandong UniversityJinanShandong250101China
- Joint SDU‐NTU Centre for Artificial Intelligence Research (C‐FAIR)Shandong UniversityJinanShandong250101China
| | - Anjun Ma
- Department of Biomedical InformaticsCollege of MedicineThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH43210USA
| | - Ran Su
- College of Intelligence and ComputingTianjin UniversityTianjin300350China
| | - Quan Zou
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier SciencesUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengduSichuan610054China
| | - Qin Ma
- Department of Biomedical InformaticsCollege of MedicineThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH43210USA
| | - Leyi Wei
- School of SoftwareShandong UniversityJinanShandong250101China
- Joint SDU‐NTU Centre for Artificial Intelligence Research (C‐FAIR)Shandong UniversityJinanShandong250101China
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Ma Q, Bu X, Nie C, Li W, Zhang X, Liu B, Ma S, Li J, Fan G, Wang J. Impact of interactions between peanut protein isolate and cellulose nanocrystals on the properties of Pickering emulsions: Rheological properties and physical stabilities. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 233:123527. [PMID: 36740108 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The interactions between cellulose nanocrystals and proteins can regulate the interfacial properties of Pickering emulsions, which plays a leading role in the stabilities of Pickering emulsions. In this work, oil-in-water (O/W) Pickering emulsions with different oil-water ratios were prepared using peanut protein isolate modified by cellulose nanocrystals (PPI/CL-CNCs). The distributions of PPI/CL-CNCs at the oil-water interfaces and the microstructures of Pickering emulsions were observed by CLSM and cryo-SEM. The results showed that stable complexes PPI/CL-CNCs formed thick and dense interface layers on the surface of oil droplets. The results of rheological tests clarified that the Pickering emulsions showed an elastic and gel texture, and their gel strength could be enhanced by regulating the oil-water ratios from 3:7 to 7:3. In addition, after one month of storage, the EI of all emulsions remained above 92 % with no obvious phase separation or demulsification. These results suggested that the PPI/CL-CNCs-stabilized Pickering emulsions showed good physical stabilities. The study on the rheological properties and physical stabilities of PPI/CL-CNCs-based Pickering emulsions provided novel insights on developing highly stable Pickering emulsions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Ma
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xianpan Bu
- Ankang R&D Center for Se-enriched Products, Ankang, Shaanxi, 725000, China
| | - Chunling Nie
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Weilong Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaowan Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Bingqian Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Sihong Ma
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jiarui Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Guangseng Fan
- School of Food and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University (BTBU), Beijing 100048, China.
| | - Jianguo Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.
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86
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Yuan T, Ma Q, Zhang MM. Laparoscopic vs Open Surgery for Low Rectal Cancer. JAMA Oncol 2023; 9:727-728. [PMID: 36995723 DOI: 10.1001/jamaoncol.2023.0137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Yuan
- Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qin Ma
- Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of General Surgery, West China Shangjin Nanfu Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ming-Ming Zhang
- Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of General Surgery, West China Shangjin Nanfu Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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87
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Ma Q, Shams H, Didonna A, Baranzini SE, Cree BAC, Hauser SL, Henry RG, Oksenberg JR. Integration of epigenetic and genetic profiles identifies multiple sclerosis disease-critical cell types and genes. Commun Biol 2023; 6:342. [PMID: 36997638 PMCID: PMC10063586 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-04713-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) successfully identified multiple sclerosis (MS) susceptibility variants. Despite this notable progress, understanding the biological context of these associations remains challenging, due in part to the complexity of linking GWAS results to causative genes and cell types. Here, we aimed to address this gap by integrating GWAS data with single-cell and bulk chromatin accessibility data and histone modification profiles from immune and nervous systems. MS-GWAS associations are significantly enriched in regulatory regions of microglia and peripheral immune cell subtypes, especially B cells and monocytes. Cell-specific polygenic risk scores were developed to examine the cumulative impact of the susceptibility genes on MS risk and clinical phenotypes, showing significant associations with risk and brain white matter volume. The findings reveal enrichment of GWAS signals in B cell and monocyte/microglial cell-types, consistent with the known pathology and presumed targets of effective MS therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Ma
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Hengameh Shams
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Alessandro Didonna
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, 27834, USA
| | - Sergio E Baranzini
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Bruce A C Cree
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Stephen L Hauser
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Roland G Henry
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Jorge R Oksenberg
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA.
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88
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Ye Z, Wu D, He X, Ma Q, Peng J, Mao G, Feng L, Tong Y. Meta-analysis of the relationship between bullying and depressive symptoms in children and adolescents. BMC Psychiatry 2023; 23:215. [PMID: 36997959 PMCID: PMC10061722 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-023-04681-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
AbstractChildhood and adolescence are critical periods for physical and mental development; thus, they are high-risk periods for the occurrence of mental disorders. The purpose of this study was to systematically evaluate the association between bullying and depressive symptoms in children and adolescents. We searched the PubMed, MEDLINE and other databases to identify studies related to bullying behavior and depressive symptoms in children and adolescents. A total of 31 studies were included, with a total sample size of 133,688 people. The results of the meta-analysis showed that the risk of depression in children and adolescents who were bullied was 2.77 times higher than that of those who were not bullied; the risk of depression in bullying individuals was 1.73 times higher than that in nonbullying individuals; and the risk of depression in individuals who bullied and experienced bullying was 3.19 times higher than that in nonbullying-bullied individuals. This study confirmed that depression in children and adolescents was significantly associated with being bullied, bullying, and bullying-bullied behavior. However, these findings are limited by the quantity and quality of the included studies and need to be confirmed by future studies.
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89
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Abstract
Identifying spatially variable genes (SVGs) is critical in linking molecular cell functions with tissue phenotypes. Spatially resolved transcriptomics captures cellular-level gene expression with corresponding spatial coordinates in two or three dimensions and can be used to infer SVGs effectively. However, current computational methods may not achieve reliable results and often cannot handle three-dimensional spatial transcriptomic data. Here we introduce BSP (big-small patch), a spatial granularity-guided and non-parametric model to identify SVGs from two or three-dimensional spatial transcriptomics data in a fast and robust manner. This new method has been extensively tested in simulations, demonstrating superior accuracy, robustness, and high efficiency. BSP is further validated by substantiated biological discoveries in cancer, neural science, rheumatoid arthritis, and kidney studies with various types of spatial transcriptomics technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juexin Wang
- Department of BioHealth Informatics, Luddy School of Informatics, Computing, and Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
- Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Jinpu Li
- MU Institute for Data Science and Informatics, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
- Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Skyler T Kramer
- MU Institute for Data Science and Informatics, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
- Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Li Su
- MU Institute for Data Science and Informatics, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
- Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Yuzhou Chang
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Chunhui Xu
- MU Institute for Data Science and Informatics, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
- Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Qin Ma
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Dong Xu
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
- MU Institute for Data Science and Informatics, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
- Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
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90
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Wang J, Li J, Kramer S, Su L, Chang Y, Xu C, Ma Q, Xu D. Dimension-agnostic and granularity-based spatially variable gene identification. Res Sq 2023:rs.3.rs-2687726. [PMID: 36993309 PMCID: PMC10055640 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-2687726/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
Identifying spatially variable genes (SVGs) is critical in linking molecular cell functions with tissue phenotypes. Spatially resolved transcriptomics captures cellular-level gene expression with corresponding spatial coordinates in two or three dimensions and can be used to infer SVGs effectively. However, current computational methods may not achieve reliable results and often cannot handle three-dimensional spatial transcriptomic data. Here we introduce BSP (big-small patch), a spatial granularity-guided and non-parametric model to identify SVGs from two or three-dimensional spatial transcriptomics data in a fast and robust manner. This new method has been extensively tested in simulations, demonstrating superior accuracy, robustness, and high efficiency. BSP is further validated by substantiated biological discoveries in cancer, neural science, rheumatoid arthritis, and kidney studies with various types of spatial transcriptomics technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juexin Wang
- Department of BioHealth Informatics, Luddy School of Informatics, Computing, and Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
- Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Jinpu Li
- MU Institute for Data Science and Informatics, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
- Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Skyler Kramer
- MU Institute for Data Science and Informatics, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
- Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Li Su
- MU Institute for Data Science and Informatics, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
- Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Yuzhou Chang
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Chunhui Xu
- MU Institute for Data Science and Informatics, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
- Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Qin Ma
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Dong Xu
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
- MU Institute for Data Science and Informatics, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
- Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
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91
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Sun Z, Sonsuthi A, Jucker T, Ali A, Cao M, Liu F, Cao G, Hu T, Ma Q, Guo Q, Lin L. Top Canopy Height and Stem Size Variation Enhance Aboveground Biomass across Spatial Scales in Seasonal Tropical Forests. Plants (Basel) 2023; 12:1343. [PMID: 36987031 PMCID: PMC10051130 DOI: 10.3390/plants12061343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Tropical forests are biologically diverse and structurally complex ecosystems that can store a large quantity of carbon and support a great variety of plant and animal species. However, tropical forest structure can vary dramatically within seemingly homogeneous landscapes due to subtle changes in topography, soil fertility, species composition and past disturbances. Although numerous studies have reported the effects of field-based stand structure attributes on aboveground biomass (AGB) in tropical forests, the relative effects and contributions of UAV LiDAR-based canopy structure and ground-based stand structural attributes in shaping AGB remain unclear. Here, we hypothesize that mean top-of-canopy height (TCH) enhances AGB directly and indirectly via species richness and horizontal stand structural attributes, but these positive relationships are stronger at a larger spatial scale. We used a combined approach of field inventory and LiDAR-based remote sensing to explore how stand structural attributes (stem abundance, size variation and TCH) and tree species richness affect AGB along an elevational gradient in tropical forests at two spatial scales, i.e., 20 m × 20 m (small scale), and 50 m × 50 m (large scale) in southwest China. Specifically, we used structural equation models to test the proposed hypothesis. We found that TCH, stem size variation and abundance were strongly positively associated with AGB at both spatial scales, in addition to which increasing TCH led to greater AGB indirectly through increased stem size variation. Species richness had negative to negligible influences on AGB, but species richness increased with increasing stem abundance at both spatial scales. Our results suggest that light capture and use, modulated by stand structure, are key to promoting high AGB stocks in tropical forests. Thus, we argue that both horizontal and vertical stand structures are important for shaping AGB, but the relative contributions vary across spatial scales in tropical forests. Importantly, our results highlight the importance of including vertical forest stand attributes for predicting AGB and carbon sequestration that underpins human wellbeing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenhua Sun
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla 666303, China
- Center of Plant Ecology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla 666303, China
| | - Arunkamon Sonsuthi
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla 666303, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Tommaso Jucker
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1QU, UK
| | - Arshad Ali
- Forest Ecology Research Group, College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Min Cao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla 666303, China
| | - Feng Liu
- Yunnan Academy of Forestry and Grassland, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Guanghong Cao
- Administration Bureau of Naban River Watershed National Nature Reserve, Jinghong 666100, China
| | - Tianyu Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Qin Ma
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Qinghua Guo
- Institute of Ecology, College of Urban and Environmental Science, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Luxiang Lin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla 666303, China
- Center of Plant Ecology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla 666303, China
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92
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Cheng S, Cheng H, Yang R, Zhou J, Li Z, Shi B, Lee M, Ma Q. A High Performance Wheat Disease Detection Based on Position Information. Plants (Basel) 2023; 12:plants12051191. [PMID: 36904051 PMCID: PMC10007310 DOI: 10.3390/plants12051191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Protecting wheat yield is a top priority in agricultural production, and one of the important measures to preserve yield is the control of wheat diseases. With the maturity of computer vision technology, more possibilities have been provided to achieve plant disease detection. In this study, we propose the position attention block, which can effectively extract the position information from the feature map and construct the attention map to improve the feature extraction ability of the model for the region of interest. For training, we use transfer learning to improve the training speed of the model. In the experiment, ResNet built on positional attention blocks achieves 96.4% accuracy, which is much higher compared to other comparable models. Afterward, we optimized the undesirable detection class and validated its generalization performance on an open-source dataset.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyu Cheng
- Yantai Institute of China Agricultural University, China Agricultural University, Yantai 264670, China
| | - Haolan Cheng
- International College Beijing, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Ruining Yang
- International College Beijing, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Junyu Zhou
- International College Beijing, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Zongrui Li
- College of Economics and Management, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Binqin Shi
- College of Information and Electrical Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Marshall Lee
- College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Qin Ma
- Yantai Institute of China Agricultural University, China Agricultural University, Yantai 264670, China
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93
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Kenigsbuch M, Bost P, Halevi S, Chang Y, Chen S, Ma Q, Hajbi R, Schwikowski B, Bodenmiller B, Fu H, Schwartz M, Amit I. Author Correction: A shared disease-associated oligodendrocyte signature among multiple CNS pathologies. Nat Neurosci 2023; 26:528. [PMID: 36721022 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-023-01266-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mor Kenigsbuch
- Department of Neurobiology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.,Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Pierre Bost
- Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.,Systems Biology Group, Center for Bioinformatics, Biostatistics and Integrative Biology, Institut Pasteur CNRS, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Université, Complexité du vivant, Paris, France.,University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Shahar Halevi
- Department of Neurobiology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.,Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Yuzhou Chang
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.,Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Shuo Chen
- Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.,Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Qin Ma
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Renana Hajbi
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Benno Schwikowski
- Systems Biology Group, Center for Bioinformatics, Biostatistics and Integrative Biology, Institut Pasteur CNRS, Paris, France
| | | | - Hongjun Fu
- Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Michal Schwartz
- Department of Neurobiology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.
| | - Ido Amit
- Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.
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94
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Boote C, Ma Q, Goh KL. Age-dependent mechanical properties of tail tendons in wild-type and mimecan gene-knockout mice - A preliminary study. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2023; 139:105672. [PMID: 36657194 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2023.105672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Mimecan, or osteoglycin, belongs to the family of small leucine-rich proteoglycans. In connective tissues mimecan is implicated in the development and maintenance of normal collagen fibrillar organization. Since collagen fibrils are responsible for tissue reinforcement, the absence of mimecan could lead to abnormal tissue mechanical properties. Here, we carried out a preliminary investigation of possible changes in the mechanical properties of tendons in mice lacking a functional mimecan gene, as a function of age. Tail tendons were dissected from mimecan gene knockout (KO) and wild type (WT) mice at ages 1, 4 and 8 months and mechanical properties evaluated using a microtensile testing equipment. Mimecan gene knockout resulted in changes in tendon elasticity- and fracture-related properties. While tendons of WT mice exhibited enhanced mechanical properties with increasing age, this trend was notably attenuated in mimecan KO tendons, with the exception of fracture strain. When genotype and age were considered as cross factors, the diminution in the mechanical properties of mimecan KO tendons was significant for yield strength, modulus and fracture strength. This effect appeared to affect the mice at 4 month old. These preliminary results suggest that mimecan may have a role in regulating age-dependent mechanical function in mouse tail tendon.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Boote
- School of Optometry and Vision Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK; Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Newcastle Research and Innovation Institute (NewRIIS), Singapore
| | - Q Ma
- School of Optometry and Vision Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - K L Goh
- School of Optometry and Vision Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK; Newcastle Research and Innovation Institute (NewRIIS), Singapore; Faculty of Science, Agriculture and Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK.
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95
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Deng M, Zhang R, Zhang S, Lu Q, Dong L, Huang F, Jia X, Ma Q, Chi J, Zhao D, Yan S, Zhang M. The flavonoid profiles in different tissue parts of Shatianyu (Citrus grandis L. Osbeck) and their in vitro bioactivity. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2023.114712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
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96
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Ma A, Wang X, Li J, Wang C, Xiao T, Liu Y, Cheng H, Wang J, Li Y, Chang Y, Li J, Wang D, Jiang Y, Su L, Xin G, Gu S, Li Z, Liu B, Xu D, Ma Q. Single-cell biological network inference using a heterogeneous graph transformer. Nat Commun 2023; 14:964. [PMID: 36810839 PMCID: PMC9944243 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36559-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Single-cell multi-omics (scMulti-omics) allows the quantification of multiple modalities simultaneously to capture the intricacy of complex molecular mechanisms and cellular heterogeneity. Existing tools cannot effectively infer the active biological networks in diverse cell types and the response of these networks to external stimuli. Here we present DeepMAPS for biological network inference from scMulti-omics. It models scMulti-omics in a heterogeneous graph and learns relations among cells and genes within both local and global contexts in a robust manner using a multi-head graph transformer. Benchmarking results indicate DeepMAPS performs better than existing tools in cell clustering and biological network construction. It also showcases competitive capability in deriving cell-type-specific biological networks in lung tumor leukocyte CITE-seq data and matched diffuse small lymphocytic lymphoma scRNA-seq and scATAC-seq data. In addition, we deploy a DeepMAPS webserver equipped with multiple functionalities and visualizations to improve the usability and reproducibility of scMulti-omics data analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjun Ma
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Xiaoying Wang
- School of Mathematics, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jingxian Li
- School of Mathematics, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Cankun Wang
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Tong Xiao
- Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Yuntao Liu
- School of Mathematics, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Hao Cheng
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Juexin Wang
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
- Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Yuzhou Chang
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Jinpu Li
- Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
- Institute for Data Science and Informatics, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Duolin Wang
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
- Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Yuexu Jiang
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
- Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Li Su
- Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
- Institute for Data Science and Informatics, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Gang Xin
- Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Shaopeng Gu
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Zihai Li
- Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Bingqiang Liu
- School of Mathematics, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.
| | - Dong Xu
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA.
- Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA.
- Institute for Data Science and Informatics, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA.
| | - Qin Ma
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
- Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
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97
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Shams H, Shao X, Santaniello A, Kirkish G, Harroud A, Ma Q, Isobe N, Schaefer CA, McCauley JL, Cree BAC, Didonna A, Baranzini SE, Patsopoulos NA, Hauser SL, Barcellos LF, Henry RG, Oksenberg JR. Polygenic risk score association with multiple sclerosis susceptibility and phenotype in Europeans. Brain 2023; 146:645-656. [PMID: 35253861 PMCID: PMC10169285 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awac092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Polygenic inheritance plays a pivotal role in driving multiple sclerosis susceptibility, an inflammatory demyelinating disease of the CNS. We developed polygenic risk scores (PRS) of multiple sclerosis and assessed associations with both disease status and severity in cohorts of European descent. The largest genome-wide association dataset for multiple sclerosis to date (n = 41 505) was leveraged to generate PRS scores, serving as an informative susceptibility marker, tested in two independent datasets, UK Biobank [area under the curve (AUC) = 0.73, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.72-0.74, P = 6.41 × 10-146] and Kaiser Permanente in Northern California (KPNC, AUC = 0.8, 95% CI: 0.76-0.82, P = 1.5 × 10-53). Individuals within the top 10% of PRS were at higher than 5-fold increased risk in UK Biobank (95% CI: 4.7-6, P = 2.8 × 10-45) and 15-fold higher risk in KPNC (95% CI: 10.4-24, P = 3.7 × 10-11), relative to the median decile. The cumulative absolute risk of developing multiple sclerosis from age 20 onwards was significantly higher in genetically predisposed individuals according to PRS. Furthermore, inclusion of PRS in clinical risk models increased the risk discrimination by 13% to 26% over models based only on conventional risk factors in UK Biobank and KPNC, respectively. Stratifying disease risk by gene sets representative of curated cellular signalling cascades, nominated promising genetic candidate programmes for functional characterization. These pathways include inflammatory signalling mediation, response to viral infection, oxidative damage, RNA polymerase transcription, and epigenetic regulation of gene expression to be among significant contributors to multiple sclerosis susceptibility. This study also indicates that PRS is a useful measure for estimating susceptibility within related individuals in multicase families. We show a significant association of genetic predisposition with thalamic atrophy within 10 years of disease progression in the UCSF-EPIC cohort (P < 0.001), consistent with a partial overlap between the genetics of susceptibility and end-organ tissue injury. Mendelian randomization analysis suggested an effect of multiple sclerosis susceptibility on thalamic volume, which was further indicated to be through horizontal pleiotropy rather than a causal effect. In summary, this study indicates important, replicable associations of PRS with enhanced risk assessment and radiographic outcomes of tissue injury, potentially informing targeted screening and prevention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hengameh Shams
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.,Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Xiaorong Shao
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Adam Santaniello
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Gina Kirkish
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Adil Harroud
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Qin Ma
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Noriko Isobe
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | | | | | - Jacob L McCauley
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA.,Dr. John T. Macdonald Department of Human Genetics, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Bruce A C Cree
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Alessandro Didonna
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.,Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27834, USA
| | - Sergio E Baranzini
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Nikolaos A Patsopoulos
- Systems Biology and Computer Science Program, Ann Romney Center for Neurological Diseases, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, 02115 MA, USA.,Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Broad Institute of Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Stephen L Hauser
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Lisa F Barcellos
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Roland G Henry
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Jorge R Oksenberg
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
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98
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Li Y, Sun H, Fang W, Ma Q, Han S, Wang-Sattler R, Du W, Yu Q. SURE: Screening Unlabeled Samples for Reliable Negative Samples Based on Reinforcement Learning. Inf Sci (N Y) 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ins.2023.01.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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99
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Chen Y, Wang S, Ma Q, Wu X, Guo Q, Luo X, Tao L, Shen X. Utilizing endosomal capture for tumor therapy via membrane-lytic mechanism-based Pickering emulsion. J Control Release 2023; 354:523-537. [PMID: 36657600 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.01.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Nanocarriers are easily captured by endosomes, where the abundant hydrolases inevitably destroy the nanocarriers and the drugs they carry, ultimately resulting in a compromised or lost therapeutic efficacy. Herein, we report a membrane-lytic mechanism-based Pickering emulsion that can in turn utilize this seemingly unfavorable endosomal capture behavior for tumor therapy. This Pickering emulsion is constructed as an oil-in-water (O/W) emulsion stabilized by the hybrid nanoparticles (HNPs) composed of two molecules with opposite charges, cetyl trimethylamine bromide (CTAB) and linoleic acid (LA), through electrostatic interaction (defined as HNPs@PE). After HNPs@PE enters the lysosomes through macropinocytosis-mediated endocytosis, LA can be protonated in response to the acidic stimulus, and causing the swelling or disintegration of HNPs due to the disrupted electrostatic interaction. The released CTAB holds strong membrane-lytic activity and can directly damage the lysosomal membranes. Under the acidic condition and the participation of excessive iron ions (II) in lysosomes, LA induces lipid peroxidation and the resulting lipid peroxides (LPO) will oxidize the lysosomal membranes, collectively causing the leakage of lysosome membranes and the release of contents into cytoplasm. Subsequently, the diffused CTAB and LPO will continue to attack the mitochondrial membranes and cell membranes, resulting in the death of different types of tumor cells both in vitro and in vivo due to membrane damage. This Pickering emulsion with membrane-lytic ability represents a potential self-anticancer nanocarrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Chen
- The State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants & School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, University Town, Guian New District, Guiyang 550025, China; The Department of Pharmacology of Materia Medical (the High Efficacy Application of Natural Medicinal Resources Engineering Center of Guizhou Province, the Key Laboratory of Optimal Utilization of Natural Medicine Resources), Guizhou Medical University, University Town, Guian New District, Guiyang 550025, China.
| | - Sibu Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants & School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, University Town, Guian New District, Guiyang 550025, China; The Department of Pharmacology of Materia Medical (the High Efficacy Application of Natural Medicinal Resources Engineering Center of Guizhou Province, the Key Laboratory of Optimal Utilization of Natural Medicine Resources), Guizhou Medical University, University Town, Guian New District, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Qin Ma
- The State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants & School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, University Town, Guian New District, Guiyang 550025, China; The Department of Pharmacology of Materia Medical (the High Efficacy Application of Natural Medicinal Resources Engineering Center of Guizhou Province, the Key Laboratory of Optimal Utilization of Natural Medicine Resources), Guizhou Medical University, University Town, Guian New District, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Xingjie Wu
- The State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants & School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, University Town, Guian New District, Guiyang 550025, China; The Department of Pharmacology of Materia Medical (the High Efficacy Application of Natural Medicinal Resources Engineering Center of Guizhou Province, the Key Laboratory of Optimal Utilization of Natural Medicine Resources), Guizhou Medical University, University Town, Guian New District, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Qianqian Guo
- The State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants & School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, University Town, Guian New District, Guiyang 550025, China; The Department of Pharmacology of Materia Medical (the High Efficacy Application of Natural Medicinal Resources Engineering Center of Guizhou Province, the Key Laboratory of Optimal Utilization of Natural Medicine Resources), Guizhou Medical University, University Town, Guian New District, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Xinghong Luo
- Jiangsu Simcere Pharmaceutical Co, Ltd., State Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine and Innovative Drug, 699-18 Xuanwu Avenue, Nanjing 210042,China
| | - Ling Tao
- The State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants & School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, University Town, Guian New District, Guiyang 550025, China; The Department of Pharmacology of Materia Medical (the High Efficacy Application of Natural Medicinal Resources Engineering Center of Guizhou Province, the Key Laboratory of Optimal Utilization of Natural Medicine Resources), Guizhou Medical University, University Town, Guian New District, Guiyang 550025, China.
| | - Xiangchun Shen
- The State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants & School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, University Town, Guian New District, Guiyang 550025, China; The Department of Pharmacology of Materia Medical (the High Efficacy Application of Natural Medicinal Resources Engineering Center of Guizhou Province, the Key Laboratory of Optimal Utilization of Natural Medicine Resources), Guizhou Medical University, University Town, Guian New District, Guiyang 550025, China.
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100
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Ma Q, Didonna A. Ataxin-1 controls the expression of specific noncoding RNAs in B cells upon autoimmune demyelination. Immunol Cell Biol 2023; 101:358-367. [PMID: 36681886 DOI: 10.1111/imcb.12622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
B cells play a key mechanistic role in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS), a chronic neurological disease of the central nervous system with an autoimmune etiology. B cells contribute to disease initiation and progression by acting as professional antigen-presenting cells as well as via secreting autoantibodies and proinflammatory cytokines. We have recently shown that the polyglutamine protein ataxin-1, which was first linked to the movement disorder spinocerebellar ataxia type 1, also acts as a master regulator of B-cell functions in the context of central nervous system autoimmunity. In fact, ataxin-1-deficient mice display an aggravated manifestation of the MS disease model experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis along with aberrant B-cell functions. Consistent with this scenario, transcriptomic analysis of Atxn1-null B cells highlighted distinct genetic signatures involved in cell activation, proliferation and antigen presentation. To further characterize the role of ataxin-1, we profiled the noncoding transcriptome controlled by ataxin-1 in the B-cell compartment upon an encephalitogenic challenge. We show that two specific classes of noncoding RNAs, namely, processed pseudogenes and intergenic long noncoding RNAs, are differentially regulated along disease. Furthermore, pathway and protein network analyses on their putative protein-coding gene targets found a significant enrichment in ontologies related to cell mitosis, together with molecular processes relevant to MS such as chitin metabolism. Altogether, these findings shed light on the possible contribution of noncoding RNAs to B-cell biology and MS pathogenesis, and further establish the immunomodulatory role of ataxin-1 in autoimmune demyelination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Ma
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Alessandro Didonna
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
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