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Kabuga AI, Nejati A, Soheili P, Yousefipoor S, Yousefi M, Mollaiee Y, Shahmahmoodi S. Cell culture demonstrates superior sensitivity over one step real time RT PCR and nested VP1 amplification for Enteroviruses. J Virol Methods 2020; 287:113994. [PMID: 33068705 DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2020.113994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluated and compared the sensitivity profile of routine cell culture, nested VP1 amplification and one step real time RT PCR for Enteroviruses. Serially diluted spiked samples of four model viruses (EV71, CVA16, CVB5 and PV1) and 32 true positive samples including Poliovirus (PV1 & PV3), Coxsackie virus (CVB5, CVB3, CVB1 & CVA4, 10, 16), Echovirus (Echo 6, 7, 11, 13, 18, 25 & 30) and Enterovirus 71 (E71), and 32 true negative stool samples were subjected to cell culture, nested RT PCR and one step real time RT PCR. The result of sensitivity test indicated superior sensitivity with one step real time RT PCR (75 %, 24/32) against cell culture (71.9 %, 23/32) and nested RT PCR (65.6 %, 21/32). The most specific test was cell culture (100 %, 32/32), followed by nested RT PCR (96.9 %, 31/32). Positive predictive values were 100 %: 23/23, 95.5 %; 21/22 and 88.9 %; 24/27, for cell culture, nested RT PCR and one step real time RT PCR, respectively, and one step real time RT PCR had the highest negative predictive value (78.4 %, 29/37). Overall result indicate relatively high analytical sensitivity with all the tests, suggesting superior performance by cell culture. Therefore, cell culture is the gold standard. However, considering intensive nature of cell cultures and prolong window for results, it is wise to consider one step real time RT PCR in routine diagnosis for its added advantages. Meanwhile, selecting a combination of tests can maximize detection, depending on the laboratory strength.
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Kabuga AI, Nejati A, Arero AG, Jalilvand S, Mokhtari-Azad T, Shahbazi Sighaldeh S, Wali UH, Shahmahmoodi S. Prevalence and Type Distribution of Human Papillomavirus
Recovered from the Uterine Cervix of Nigerian Women:
A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2020; 21:2837-2846. [PMID: 33112538 PMCID: PMC7798145 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2020.21.10.2837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Infection with an oncogenic type of human papillomavirus is a prerequisite for the development of precancerous cervical lesions and its subsequent progression to cervical cancer. With an alarming increase in the detection of other suspicious papillomavirus genotypes in both healthy and women with cervical lesions, there is a need for comprehensive data on cervical papillomavirus infection to address cervical cancer and other associated disease burden, especially in Sub-Sarahan Africa, where the bulk of the problem exists. The present study was conducted to develop comprehensive data on the prevalence and circulating genotypes of human papillomavirus in various risk categories in Nigeria. Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis of peer-reviewed publications on cervical papillomavirus infection were performed. Relevant data were extracted from eligible studies published in PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Scopus, and Google Scholar, from inception to July 31, 2019. The random-effect model was used to estimate the pooled prevalence. We identified 327 potential studies and pooled data from 18 studies, involving 5697 women aged 15-86 years. Results: The overall pooled prevalence of cervical papillomavirus infection was 42% (95%CI: 30-54%) in the general population and 37% (95%CI: 25-50%) among women living with HIV/AIDS, with the predominance of genotypes 16, 18, 31, 35, 52, 58 and 45. The highest prevalence was observed in teenagers and young adults and the second peak in women 50 years and above. Conclusion: The prevalence of cervical human papillomavirus infection is cumulatively high in Nigeria and HIV is a strong co-factor. We, therefore, strongly recommend the co-screening of human papillomavirus and cervical cancer and integration of the intervention strategy into the existing HIV-care guideline in Nigeria.
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Yavarian J, Shafiei-Jandaghi NZ, Sadeghi K, Shatizadeh Malekshahi S, Salimi V, Nejati A, Aja-Minejad F, Ghavvami N, Saadatmand F, Mahfouzi S, Fateminasab G, Parhizgari N, Ahmadi A, Razavi K, Ghabeshi S, Saberian M, Zanjani E, Namazi F, Shahbazi T, Rezaie F, Erfani H, Gouya MM, Nasr Dadras M, Mokhtari Azad T. First Cases of SARS-CoV-2 in Iran, 2020: Case Series Report. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 49:1564-1568. [PMID: 33083334 PMCID: PMC7554384 DOI: 10.18502/ijph.v49i8.3903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
In Jan 2020, the outbreak of the 2019 novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) in Wuhan, Hubei Province of China spread increasingly to other countries worldwide which WHO declared it as a public health emergency of international concern. Iran was included in the affected countries. Throat swab specimens were collected and tested by using real-time reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) kit targeting the E region for screening and RNA dependent RNA polymerase for confirmation. Conventional RT-PCR was conducted for the N region and the PCR products were sequenced by Sanger sequencing. The first seven cases of SARS-CoV-2 infections were identified in Qom, Iran. This report describes the clinical and epidemiological features of the first cases of SARS-CoV-2 confirmed in Iran. Future research should focus on finding the routes of transmission for this virus, including the possibility of transmission from foreign tourists to identify the possible origin of SARS-CoV-2 outbreak in Iran.
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Shaghaghi M, Shahmahmoodi S, Nili A, Abolhassani H, Madani SP, Nejati A, Yousefi M, Kandelousi YM, Irannejad M, Shaghaghi S, Zahraei SM, Mahmoudi S, Gouya MM, Yazdani R, Azizi G, Parvaneh N, Aghamohammadi A. Vaccine-Derived Poliovirus Infection among Patients with Primary Immunodeficiency and Effect of Patient Screening on Disease Outcomes, Iran. Emerg Infect Dis 2020; 25:2005-2012. [PMID: 31625840 PMCID: PMC6810208 DOI: 10.3201/eid2511.190540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with immunodeficiency-associated vaccine-derived poliovirus (iVDPV) are potential poliovirus reservoirs in the posteradication era that might reintroduce polioviruses into the community. We update the iVDPV registry in Iran by reporting 9 new patients. In addition to national acute flaccid paralysis surveillance, cases were identified by screening nonparalyzed primary immunodeficiency (PID) patients. Overall, 23 iVDPV patients have been identified since 1995. Seven patients (30%) never had paralysis. Poliovirus screening accelerated the iVDPV detection rate in Iran after 2014.The iVDPV infection rate among nonparalyzed patients with adaptive PID was 3.1% (7/224), several folds higher than previous estimates. Severe combined immunodeficiency patients had the highest risk for asymptomatic infection (28.6%) compared with other PIDs. iVDPV2 emergence has decreased after the switch from trivalent to bivalent oral poliovirus vaccine in 2016. However, emergence of iVDPV1 and iVDPV3 continued. Poliovirus screening in PID patients is an essential step in the endgame of polio eradication.
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Vasmehjani AA, Salehi-Vaziri M, Azadmanesh K, Nejati A, Pouriayevali MH, Gouya MM, Parsaeian M, Shahmahmoodi S. Efficient production of a lentiviral system for displaying Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus glycoproteins reveals a broad range of cellular susceptibility and neutralization ability. Arch Virol 2020; 165:1109-1120. [PMID: 32189084 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-020-04576-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 02/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a tick-borne disease with a mortality rate of up to 50% in humans. To avoid safety concerns associated with the use of live virus in virus neutralization assays and to detect human serum neutralizing antibodies, we prepared lentiviral particles containing the CCHF glycoprotein (lenti-CCHFV-GP). Incorporation of the GP into the lentiviral particle was confirmed by electron microscopy and Western blotting. Lenti-CCHFV-GP was found to be able to infect a wide range of cell lines, including BHK-21, HeLa, HepG2, and AsPC-1 cells. In addition, lenti-CCHFV-GP was successfully used as an alternative to CCHFV for the detection of neutralizing antibodies. Sera collected from CCHF survivors neutralized lenti-CCHFV-GP particles in a dose-dependent manner. Our results suggest that the lenti-CCHFV-GP pseudovirus can be used as a safe tool for neutralization assays in low-containment laboratories.
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Teymoori-Rad M, Mozhgani SH, Zarei-Ghobadi M, Sahraian MA, Nejati A, Amiri MM, Shokri F, Marashi SM. Integrational analysis of miRNAs data sets as a plausible missing linker between Epstein-Barr virus and vitamin D in relapsing remitting MS patients. Gene 2019; 689:1-10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Revised: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Rose H, Nejati A, Müller H. Magnetic C c/C s-corrector compensating for the chromatic aberration and the spherical aberration of electron lenses. Ultramicroscopy 2018; 203:139-144. [PMID: 30553616 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultramic.2018.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Revised: 11/17/2018] [Accepted: 11/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Aberration correction in transmission electron microscopy has proven feasible and useful over a large range of acceleration voltages. The spherical aberration has been corrected for beam energies from 15 kV [1] up to 1.2 MeV [2] while the correction of the chromatic aberration has been achieved for beam energies ranging from 20 kV[3] up to 300 kV[4]. Above this threshold the conventional correction principle based on mixed electric and magnetic focusing elements becomes infeasible with present technology [5]. For conventional electron sources at high voltages the relative energy width of the beam gets so small that chromatic correction becomes less important. Nevertheless, for new applications with pulsed electron sources with energy spreads in the order of 100 eV chromatic aberration will become a limiting factor even at high energies [6]. To enable chromatic aberration correction for such systems a novel type of a feasible, purely magnetic multipole aberration corrector with curved optic axis is proposed which is capable of compensating for the chromatic and spherical aberration up to several MeV.
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Garoussi MT, Mehrzad J, Nejati A. Investigation of persistent infection of bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) in Holstein dairy cows. Trop Anim Health Prod 2018; 51:853-858. [PMID: 30535897 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-018-1765-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2018] [Accepted: 11/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the persistent infection (PI) of bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) along with its coexistence between BVDV antibody titer and BVD virus in blood of Holstein dairy cows. Only large commercial farms (each contained < 1000-3000 unvaccinated cows) were included. There were 11 dairy cattle herds. They included nearly 20,000 dairy cows. Totally, 140 cows, > 3 months to almost 10 years old, were randomly sampled. Indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) were used to detect BVDV antibody and virus, respectively. The percent positivity (PP) < 14 and ≥ 14 values are interpreted negative and positive, respectively. Simultaneously, whole blood samples pooled in groups of 10 animals were used for molecular detection of BVDV. The results revealed that 138 (98.56%) out of 140 cows were positive for BVDV antibody, while the BVDV antigen was detected only in 2 (1.42%) cows, which were negative for BVDV antibody and so were considered as persistent infection (PI) cows. They were also retested 3 weeks apart. Since the results showed the strong coexistence between seropositivity and BVD virus, in the infected dairy cattle herds, the combination of simple ELISA and pooled whole blood RT-PCR strategy could be an achievable approach to detect PI animals.
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Mohammadi F, Khalili Z, Marashi SM, Ehsani A, Daneshpazhooh M, Teymoori-Rad M, Balighi K, Nejati A, Shahmahmoodi S, Izadidakhrabadi S, Mahmoudi H, Noormohammadpour P. The potential roles of herpesvirus and cytomegalovirus in the exacerbation of pemphigus vulgaris. Dermatol Pract Concept 2018; 8:262-271. [PMID: 30479853 PMCID: PMC6246069 DOI: 10.5826/dpc.0804a03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Among exogenous etiologies, the critical role of microbial agents such as herpesviruses (HSV1/2) and cytomegalovirus (CMV) in triggering and flaring autoimmune conditions such as pemphigus vulgaris (PV) has been recently discovered. Objectives The present study aimed to investigate the plausible role of these viruses in the exacerbation of PV using serological and molecular methods. Patients/Methods Sixty patients with PV (30 with relapse type and 30 with remission type) were recruited for the purpose of this case-control study. Skin, mucosal, and throat specimens were obtained and examined for viruses by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. To determine the immunoglobulin G (IgG) titer, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used. Results Desmoglein1-specific IgG was positive in 56.7% of patients with the relapse form and in 20.0% of those with the remission form indicating a significant difference across the 2 groups (P = 0.003), but the rate of positivity for desmoglein3-specific IgG in the relapse and remission types was 76.7% and 63.3%, respectively, with no significant difference (P = 0.260). There was no difference in the mean levels of HSV-IgG and CMV-IgG in the relapse and remission groups. HSV and CMV positivity in PV patients was independent of the site of the samples. Using the multivariable linear regression model, the level of CMV-IgG in PV patients was directly affected by female sex and advanced ages. Conclusions Our study could not demonstrate the role of HSV1/2 and CMV as triggering factors for PV exacerbation. Further studies are needed to evaluate the potential role of these viruses in PV exacerbation especially considering demographic variables.
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Kakavand-Ghalehnoei R, Shoja Z, Najafi A, Mollahoseini MH, Shahmahmoodi S, Marashi SM, Nejati A, Jalilvand S. Prevalence of human herpesvirus-8 among HIV-infected patients, intravenous drug users and the general population in Iran. Sex Health 2018; 13:295-8. [PMID: 26886227 DOI: 10.1071/sh15192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2015] [Accepted: 12/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Studies looking at the frequency of human herpesvirus-8 (HHV-8) among Iranian blood donors have produced conflicting results. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of HHV-8 DNA by using polymerase chain reaction methods among 168 healthy individuals, 60 intravenous drug users and 100 HIV-infected patients from Iran. The prevalence of HHV-8 was significantly higher among intravenous drug users (13.3%) compared with the general population (3.6%; P=0.017). The HHV-8 genome was mostly detected among intravenous drug users who displayed high-risk sexual behaviours. Moreover, the HHV-8 genome was also detected in 8% of HIV-infected patients. The present study findings support the likelihood that the transmission of HHV-8 is via a sexual route in the Iranian population.
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Nejati A, Shoja Z, Farahmand M, Shahmahmoodi S, Akrami K, Hamid KM, Tafakhori A, Doosti R, Sahraian MA, Marashi SM. Human herpes virus 6 status in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis patients. Intern Med J 2018; 47:339-341. [PMID: 28260258 DOI: 10.1111/imj.13363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2016] [Revised: 08/03/2016] [Accepted: 08/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Yousefi M, Nejati A, Zahraei SM, Mahmoudi S, Parhizgari N, Farsani SMJ, Mahmoodi M, Nategh R, Shahmahmoodi S. Enteroviruses and Adenoviruses in stool specimens of paralytic children- can they be the cause of paralysis? IRANIAN JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY 2018; 10:194-201. [PMID: 30112158 PMCID: PMC6087694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) is a complicated clinical syndrome with a wide range of potential etiologies. Several infectious agents including different virus families have been isolated from AFP cases. In most surveys, Non-polio Enteroviruses (NPEVs) have been detected as main infectious agents in AFP cases; however, there are also some reports about Adenovirus isolation in these patients. In this study, NPEVs and Adenoviruses in stool specimens of AFP cases with or without Residual Paralysis (RP) with negative results for poliovirus are investigated. MATERIALS AND METHODS Nucleic acid extractions from 55 AFP cases were examined by nested PCR or semi-nested PCR with specific primers to identify NPEVs or Adenoviruses, respectively. VP1 (for Enteroviruses) and hexon (for Adenoviruses) gene amplification products were sequenced and compared with available sequences in the GenBank. RESULTS From 55 fecal (37 RP+ and 18 RP-) specimens, 7 NPEVs (12.7%) (2 cases in RP+) and 7 Adenoviruses (12.7%) (4 cases in RP+) were identified. Echovirus types 3, 17 and 30, Coxsackie virus A8, and Enterovirus 80 were among NPEVs and Adenoviruses type 2 and 41 were also identified. CONCLUSION Our finding shows that NPEVs and Adenoviruses may be isolated from the acute flaccid paralyses but there is no association between the residual paralyses and virus detection.
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Nejati A, Soleimani M, Arefian E, Marashi SM, Tabatabaie H, Farahmand M, Shoja Z, Mahmoodi M, Nategh R, Shahmahmoodi S. The Effect of Different microRNA Backbones on Artificial miRNA Expression and Knockdown Activity Against HIV-1 Replication. Microrna 2017; 5:146-151. [PMID: 27397032 DOI: 10.2174/2211536605666160708235058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2016] [Revised: 06/16/2016] [Accepted: 06/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Artificial microRNAs (miRNAs) are designed to develop an RNAi-based gene therapy. Recently, it has been suggested that the flanking sequences and terminal loop structure play a critical role in RNAi biogenesis and target recognition, but no extensive study regarding the different miRNA backbone for artificial miRNAs optimization has been conducted. OBJECTIVE We tested three artificial miRNAs with human hsa-miR30a (common miRNA), hsa-miR150 (T cell specific miRNA), and hsa-miR122 (liver specific miRNA) backbones in HEK-293T and Jurkat cell lines. METHODS Artificial miRNA processing and knockdown efficiency were analyzed by stem-loop RT-PCR, qRT-PCR, luciferase assay and target challenging. RESULTS We identified strikingly different RNAi activities among these different artificial miRNAs. Our results demonstrated that expression and function of art-miR150 was more than art-miR30 and artmiR122 in both HEK-293T and Jurkat cell lines. Since the main difference in these artificial miRNAs was flanking sequences and terminal loop structure, the change between the expression and function of artificial miRNAs can be attributed to these structures. CONCLUSION This study showed that expression of cell-specific artificial miRNA in target and nontarget cells is not different, but variation in flanking sequences and terminal loop can be involved in expression and function of artificial miRNAs. These results can be important for improving artificial miRNA design in RNAi-based gene therapy.
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Shatizadeh-Malekshahi S, Ahmadkhaniha HR, Kiani SJ, Nejati A, Janani L, Yavarian J. No molecular evidence of Borna disease virus among schizophrenia and bipolar disorder patients in Iran. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY 2017; 9:112-118. [PMID: 29214003 PMCID: PMC5715276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Viruses have been suggested as one of the risk factors for psychiatric disorders. Among infectious agents Borna disease virus (BDV) has been known as a neurotropic virus which is able to cause neurological disorders in different animals. Recently there were controversial findings about BDV association with pathogenesis of human psychotic disorders. MATERIALS AND METHODS Here we performed a nested reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction for detection of BDV P40 RNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cell samples of schizophrenia (SC), bipolar disorder (BD) patients and healthy controls (HCs). RESULTS Only one out of 120 (0.8 %) psychiatric patients and two samples (2.7%) in 75 HCs showed positive results. There were no significant molecular evidence of BDV infection in 120 psychotic patients (60 SC and 60 BD) and 75 matched HCs. CONCLUSION Our findings showed no association between BDV infection and pathogenesis of these psychiatric disorders. This is an interesting issue given both the as yet un-clarified role of BDV in human mental disorders and addressing patients in the so far under-investigating Middle East era.
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Mostafa A, Jalilvand S, Shoja Z, Nejati A, Shahmahmoodi S, Sahraian MA, Marashi SM. Multiple sclerosis-associated retrovirus, Epstein-Barr virus, and vitamin D status in patients with relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis. J Med Virol 2017; 89:1309-1313. [PMID: 28165135 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.24774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2016] [Revised: 01/04/2017] [Accepted: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The relationship between infections and autoimmune diseases is complex and there are several reports highlighting the role of human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs) in these patients. The levels of multiple sclerosis-associated retrovirus (MSRV)-type DNA of Env gene was measured in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 52 patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) and 40 healthy controls using specific quantitative PCR (qPCR) analysis. Furthermore, we analyzed the status of HERV-W/MSRV in these patients with regards to both EBV (DNA load and anti-EBNA1 IgG antibody) and vitamin D concentration. MSRV DNA copy number were significantly higher in RRMS patients than healthy controls (P < 0.0001). Interestingly, an inverse correlation was found between MSRV DNA copy number and serum vitamin D concentration (P < 0.01), but not for EBV load or anti-EBNA-1 IgG antibody.
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Nejati A, Shahmahmoodi S, Arefian E, Shoja Z, Marashi SM, Tabatabaie H, Mollaei-Kandelous Y, Soleimani M, Nategh R. Efficient inhibition of human immunodeficiency virus replication using novel modified microRNA-30a targeting 3'-untranslated region transcripts. Exp Ther Med 2016; 11:1833-1838. [PMID: 27168813 PMCID: PMC4840495 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2016.3121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2015] [Accepted: 12/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
RNA interference (RNAi)-based gene therapy is currently considered to be a combinatorial anti-human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) therapy. Although artificial polycistronic microRNAs (miRs) can reduce HIV-1 escape mutant variants, this approach may increase the risk of side effects. The present study aimed to optimize the efficiency of anti-HIV RNAi gene therapy in order to reduce the cell toxicity induced by multi-short hairpin RNA expression. An artificial miR-30a-3'-untranslated region (miR-3-UTR) obtained from a single RNA polymerase II was used to simultaneously target all viral transcripts. The results of the present study demonstrated that HIV-1 replication was significantly inhibited in the cells with the miR-3-UTR construct, suggesting that miR-3'-UTR may serve as a promising tool for RNAi-based gene therapy in the treatment of HIV-1.
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Asiyabi S, Nejati A, Shoja Z, Shahmahmoodi S, Jalilvand S, Farahmand M, Gorzin AA, Najafi A, Haji Mollahoseini M, Marashi SM. First report of human parvovirus 4 detection in Iran. J Med Virol 2016; 88:1314-8. [PMID: 26812938 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.24485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Parvovirus 4 (PARV4) is an emerging and intriguing virus that currently received many attentions. High prevalence of PARV4 infection in high-risk groups such as HIV infected patients highlights the potential clinical outcomes that this virus might have. Molecular techniques were used to determine both the presence and the genotype of circulating PARV4 on previously collected serum samples from 133 HIV infected patients and 120 healthy blood donors. Nested PCR was applied to assess the presence of PARV4 DNA genome in both groups. PARV4 DNA was detected in 35.3% of HIV infected patients compared to 16.6% healthy donors. To genetically characterize the PARV4 genotype in these groups, positive samples were randomly selected and subjected for sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. All PARV4 sequences were found to be genotype 1 and clustered with the reference sequences of PARV4 genotype 1. J. Med. Virol. 88:1314-1318, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Hamid KM, Nejati A, Shoja Z, Mollaei-Kandelousd Y, Doosti R, Mirshafiey A, Tafakhori A, Sahraian MA, Marashi SM. Quantitative Evaluation of BAFF, HMGB1, TLR 4 AND TLR 7 Expression in Patients with Relapsing Remitting Multiple Sclerosis. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF ALLERGY, ASTHMA, AND IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 15:75-81. [PMID: 26996115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/31/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the central nervous system characterized by a complex immune response. Because of the complex nature of MS pathogenesis, a panel of biomarkers derived from different platforms will be required to reflect disease-related alterations. Monitoring and evaluation of molecules associated with the pathogenesis of the disease would provide useful information on disease progression and therapeutic assessment. In view of this, we evaluated the mRNA expression levels of B-cell activating factor (BAFF), high mobility group box 1 (HMGB-1), Toll like receptor (TLR) 4 and TLR7 in MS. These molecules are implicated in the pathogenesis of MS; however, they havereceived little attention. PBMCs were isolated from whole blood of 84 Relapsing Remitting Multiple Sclerosis patients and 70 healthy controls. Relative quantitative RT-PCR was applied to quantify the transcriptional levels of the immune markers. The mRNA expression levels of TLR7 were significantly elevated in RRMS patients than healthy controls. Whereas, TLR4 expression was found to be significantly lower in the patients than control group. We found no difference analyzing the mRNA levels of BAFF and HMGB1. Our data highlights the immune marker correlates in RRMS patients. However, further in-depth studies are warranted to check for their reliability of biomarkers in autoimmune diseases such as MS.
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Shirsavar R, Nasiri M, Amjadi A, Nejati A, Sobhani SO, Habibi M. Rotation induced by uniform and non-uniform magnetic fields in a conducting fluid carrying an electric current. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra24346k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
External magnetic field induces controllable rotation in a conducting fluid carrying an electric current.
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Nejati A, Shoja Z, Shahmahmoodi S, Tafakhori A, Mollaei-Kandelous Y, Rezaei F, Hamid KM, Mirshafiey A, Doosti R, Sahraian MA, Mahmoudi M, Shokri F, Emery V, Marashi SM. EBV and vitamin D status in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis patients with a unique cytokine signature. Med Microbiol Immunol 2015; 205:143-54. [PMID: 26365612 DOI: 10.1007/s00430-015-0437-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2015] [Accepted: 09/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis, a debilitating autoimmune and inflammatory disease of the central nervous system, is associated with both infectious and non-infectious factors. We investigated the role of EBV infection, vitamin D level, and cytokine signature in MS patients. Molecular and serological assays were used to investigate immune biomarkers, vitamin D level, and EBV status in 83 patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis and 62 healthy controls. In total, 98.8 % of MS patients showed a history of EBV exposure compared to 88.6 % in the healthy group (p = 0.005). EBV DNA load was significantly higher in MS patients than healthy subjects (p < 0.0001). Using a panel of biomarkers, we found a distinct transcriptional signature in MS patients compared to the healthy group with mRNA levels of CD73, IL-6, IL-23, IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-15, IL-28, and IL-17 significantly elevated in MS patients (p < 0.0001). In contrast, the mRNA levels for TGF-β, IDO, S1PR1, IL-10, and CCL-3 were significantly lower in MS patients compared to healthy controls (p < 0.0001). No significant differences were found with the mRNA levels of IL-13, CCL-5, and FOXP3. Interestingly, in MS patients we found an inverse correlation between vitamin D concentration and EBV load, but not EBNA-1 IgG antibody levels. Our data highlight biomarker correlates in MS patients together with a complex interplay between EBV replication and vitamin D levels.
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Ghasemi Y, Makvandi M, Samarbafzadeh AR, Nejati A, Najafifard S, Neisi N, Rasti M, Ahmadi K, Shamsizadeh A, Nikfar R. Serotype determination of adenoviruses in children with respiratory infection. Indian J Pediatr 2014; 81:639-43. [PMID: 24522944 DOI: 10.1007/s12098-013-1286-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2013] [Accepted: 10/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine adenovirus serotypes among children with acute respiratory infection (ARI) in Khoozestan province, Iran during years 2010-2011. METHODS One hundred sixty three nasopharyngeal swabs were collected from children between 1 and 15 y who were hospitalized for the acute respiratory infection. The viral DNA was extracted from the nasopharyngeal swabs and adenoviruses were detected by Nested PCR. Positive PCR samples were sequenced in order to confirm the adenovirus serotypes. RESULTS Out of 163 samples, 30 (18.4 %) were positive for adenoviruses by nested PCR. Twenty two PCR products were sequenced and recognized as Ad5 and Ad2 serotypes including 19 (86.3 %) Ad5 and 3 (13.7 %) Ad2. CONCLUSIONS This study reveals that adenoviruses with Ad5 predominance are important cause of respiratory tract infection in children.
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Nejati A, Khalaj S, Azizkhani R, Shahryarian S, Kolahdouzan M, Hossein MS. Evaluating validity of clinical criteria for requesting chest X-rays in trauma patients referred to emergency room. Adv Biomed Res 2012; 1:22. [PMID: 23210081 PMCID: PMC3507021 DOI: 10.4103/2277-9175.98125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2011] [Accepted: 02/23/2012] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Our goal was to identify the clinical criteria for requesting the chest X-ray in patients with blunt trauma and whether its findings such as clinical signs with a high sensitivity could be used to codify the final criteria. Materials and Methods: 386 patients with multiple trauma or blunt chest trauma examined by a physician and the injury mechanism, vital signs, O2 saturation, auscultation findings, abrasions and ecchymosis, crepitation, tenderness on palpation, and pain on lateral compression were noted. The physician's clinical judgment on the necessity of a chest X-ray was also noted in a questionnaire. After taking the X-ray, a digital photo was taken and showed to a radiologist to report any significant chest injury. Data were collected and the positive and negative predictive values, sensitivity and specificity were estimated. Results: 350 males (90.9%) and 35 females (9.1%) with the mean age of 47.1 ± 15.5 years old were evaluated. Falling down (37.7%) was the major mechanism of injury and chest pain (48%) the first complaint of patients. In 87.3% of the chest X-rays, there was no abnormal finding. Among several pathological findings in the chest X-rays, hemothorax, and rib fracture (each with 3.4% prevalence) had a higher prevalence. Tenderness on palpation with clinical judgment had a higher sensitivity about 95% and higher specificity about 100% in crepitation detected. Conclusion: Results showed the combination of positive chest pain and tachypnea in the patients could identify a significant chest injury with 100% sensitivity. More studies on this issue are warranted.
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Nejati A, Makvandi M, Samarbafzadeh A, Neisi N, Moradzadegan H. Molecular epidemiology of hepatitis A virus in patients in the ahwaz region of Iran. J Med Virol 2012; 84:582-6. [DOI: 10.1002/jmv.23238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Moharari RS, Soleymani HA, Nejati A, Rezaeefar A, Khashayar P, Meysamie AP. Evaluation of morning report in an emergency medicine department. Emerg Med J 2011; 27:32-6. [PMID: 20029004 DOI: 10.1136/emj.2008.067256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Morning report is considered as an important educational tool in different branches of medicine. The purpose of the present study was to examine the method of case selection, the leadership, the participant's satisfaction and the educational value of morning report held in our centre. METHOD In September 2007, a formal feedback about the morning report was provided by questionnaire surveys. The data on the method of case selection, the leadership, the participant's satisfaction and the educational value of the sessions were collected from the residents, medical students and the academic staff in emergency medicine department. Each questionnaire also contained an open-ended question, asking for the responders' suggestions for improving these sessions. RESULTS 73.2% of the responders were satisfied with the current model of the conference hall. The data showed that 46.3% of the participants believed these sessions are held for giving the medical team the required information and 65.9% for solving the patient's problems. The data showed that the participants had evaluated the presentation strategy to be good; however, the presentation pattern was reported to be traditional and based on differential diagnosis in 53.7% of the cases and modern problem oriented in only 39%. CONCLUSION Most participants considered morning report sessions held in our hospital to be effective in the way it is; however, issues such as communication skill, emergency department management, critical thinking, ethics, professionalism and evidence-based medicine should also be added to the sessions.
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Nejati A, Golshani K, Moradi Lakeh M, Khashayar P, Shariat Moharari R. Ketamine improves nasogastric tube insertion. Emerg Med J 2010; 27:582-5. [DOI: 10.1136/emj.2009.075275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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