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Kim MS, Choi H, Choi KC, Shin BS. Primary cutaneous nocardiosis due to Nocardia vinacea: first case in an immunocompetent patient. Clin Exp Dermatol 2011; 36:812-4. [PMID: 21883390 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2230.2011.04090.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Bayes R, Bueno JF, Hillairet A, Davydov YI, Depommier P, Faszer W, Gagliardi CA, Gaponenko A, Gill DR, Grossheim A, Gumplinger P, Hasinoff MD, Henderson RS, Hu J, Koetke DD, MacDonald RP, Marshall GM, Mathie EL, Mischke RE, Olchanski K, Olin A, Openshaw R, Poutissou JM, Poutissou R, Selivanov V, Sheffer G, Shin B, Stanislaus TDS, Tacik R, Tribble RE. Experimental constraints on left-right symmetric models from muon decay. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2011; 106:041804. [PMID: 21405321 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.106.041804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The TWIST Collaboration has completed a new measurement of the energy-angle spectrum of positrons from the decay of highly polarized muons. A simultaneous measurement of the muon decay parameters ρ, δ, and P(μ)(π)ξ tests the standard model in a purely leptonic process and provides improved limits for relevant extensions to the standard model. Specifically, for the generalized left-right symmetric model |(g(R)/g(L))ζ|<0.020 and (g(L)/g(R))m(2)>578 GeV/c(2), both 90% C.L.
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Kim J, Kim S, Choi J, Shin B, Yoon S, Seo J, Shin SW, Kim YH, Kim JS, Park K. Use of T-cell infiltrate to predict long-term survival following local therapy in tongue cancer patients. J Clin Oncol 2010. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2010.28.15_suppl.5547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Shin B, Cole SL, Park SJ, Ledford DK, Lockey RF. A new symptom-based questionnaire for predicting the presence of asthma. J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol 2010; 20:27-34. [PMID: 20232771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early diagnosis and treatment of asthma is important for improving health and minimizing the social and economic burden of the disease. A simple questionnaire would provide a convenient and timesaving tool to help physicians diagnose asthma. OBJECTIVE The senior author developed a simple, pre-interview screening questionnaire--the Asthma Screening Questionnaire (ASQ)--consisting of 6 questions. The present report provides performance evidence that the ASQ is a reliable instrument for diagnosing asthma in adults. METHODS Participants were asthmatics or controls, aged 18 to 65 years. All participants completed the questionnaire (self-administered and physician-administered), and underwent spirometry and a methacholine challenge test (if there was no reversibility during initial spirometry). Sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values were calculated for each question, and the total scores of asthmatics were compared with those of controls. The degree of agreement between the self-administered and the physician-administered questionnaire was calculated. RESULTS The main symptoms discriminating asthmatics from controls were cough more than average (88% vs 0%), cough from chest (72% vs 0%), shortness of breath with exercise (84% vs 16%), and chest tightness when lying down (72% vs 4%). A cutoff point of total score > or = 4 was associated with the highest combination of sensitivity (96%) and specificity (100%). Substantial agreement was observed between the self-administered and the physician-administered questionnaire (kappa statistic, 0.56-1.00; P<.0001). CONCLUSIONS The ASQ is a simple, inexpensive, and efficient pre-interview screening tool to diagnose asthma.
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Doll C, Craighead P, Diaz R, Box A, Shin B, Eliasziw M, Lees-Miller S, Magliocco A. High ERCC1 Expression is Associated with Worse Survival in Patients with Locally Advanced Cervical Cancer Treated with Radiotherapy (RT): an Evaluation of AQUA® Versus Conventional IHC Methods. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2008.06.807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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MacDonald RP, Bayes R, Bueno J, Davydov YI, Depommier P, Faszer W, Fujiwara MC, Gagliardi CA, Gaponenko A, Gill DR, Grossheim A, Gumplinger P, Hasinoff MD, Henderson RS, Hillairet A, Hu J, Jamieson B, Kitching P, Koetke DD, Marshall GM, Mathie EL, Mischke RE, Musser JR, Nozar M, Olchanski K, Olin A, Openshaw R, Poutissou JM, Poutissou R, Quraan MA, Selivanov V, Sheffer G, Shin B, Stanislaus TDS, Tacik R, Tribble RE. Precision measurement of the muon decay parametersρandδ. Int J Clin Exp Med 2008. [DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.78.032010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Hao D, Lau HY, Eliasziw M, Box A, Diaz R, Shin B, Lees-Miller SP, Magliocco AM. A comprehensive evaluation of the prognostic value of ERCC1 protein expression, mRNA and genotype in locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (LA-SCCHN). J Clin Oncol 2008. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2008.26.15_suppl.6011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Shin BS, Kim GS, Ko JS, Gwak MS, Yang M, Kim CS, Hahm TS, Lee SK. Comparison of femoral arterial blood pressure with radial arterial blood pressure and noninvasive upper arm blood pressure in the reperfusion period during liver transplantation. Transplant Proc 2007; 39:1326-8. [PMID: 17580132 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2007.02.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2006] [Accepted: 02/05/2007] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The reperfusion period during liver transplantation is hemodynamically unstable. Accurate blood pressure measurements are the mainstay for the efficient management of abrupt cardiovascular changes. We sought to compare femoral arterial blood pressure (FABP) with radial arterial blood pressure (RABP) and noninvasive upper arm blood pressure (NIBP) in the reperfusion period. METHODS Thirty-six adult living donor liver recipients were enrolled in this prospective study. Blood pressures in 3 locations were simultaneously recorded from 1 minute before reperfusion to 15 minutes after reperfusion. We evaluated agreements between FABP and RABP and between FABP and NIBP using intraclass correlation coefficients. Also, we investigated the rates of postreperfusion syndrome (PRS) based on the measurements from 3 locations. RESULTS After reperfusion, the mean and diastolic RABP agreed more with the corresponding FABP than NIBP. However, systolic NIBP showed high agreement with FABP from 3 to 10 minutes after reperfusion in contrast with the moderate agreement between systolic RABP with FABP, and systolic values of NIBP than RABP were closer to FABP. The rates of PRS based on FABP, RABP, and NIBP measurements were 50.0% (18/36), 80.6% (29/36), and 50.0% (18/36), respectively. CONCLUSIONS We believe that NIBP in addition to RABP may be considered to be a reliable alternative when FABP is not available to evaluate hemodynamic instability in the reperfusion period during liver transplantation.
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Shin B, Ledford D, Lockey R. Abdominal pain, Nausea, and Vomiting as the Initial Presenting Symptoms of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2006.11.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Jamieson B, Bayes R, Davydov YI, Depommier P, Doornbos J, Faszer W, Fujiwara MC, Gagliardi CA, Gaponenko A, Gill DR, Gumplinger P, Hasinoff MD, Henderson RS, Hu J, Kitching P, Koetke DD, Macdonald JA, MacDonald RP, Marshall GM, Mathie EL, Mischke RE, Musser JR, Nozar M, Olchanski K, Olin A, Openshaw R, Porcelli TA, Poutissou JM, Poutissou R, Quraan MA, Rodning NL, Selivanov V, Sheffer G, Shin B, Stanislaus TDS, Tacik R, Torokhov VD, Tribble RE, Vasiliev MA. Measurement ofPμξin polarized muon decay. Int J Clin Exp Med 2006. [DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.74.072007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Musser JR, Bayes R, Davydov YI, Depommier P, Doornbos J, Faszer W, Gagliardi CA, Gaponenko A, Gill DR, Green P, Gumplinger P, Hasinoff MD, Henderson RS, Hu J, Jamieson B, Kitching P, Koetke DD, Krushinsky AA, Lachin YY, Macdonald JA, MacDonald RP, Marshall GM, Mathie EL, Miasoedov LV, Mischke RE, Nord PM, Olchanski K, Olin A, Openshaw R, Porcelli TA, Poutissou JM, Poutissou R, Quraan MA, Rodning NL, Selivanov V, Sheffer G, Shin B, Sobratee F, Stanislaus TDS, Tacik R, Torokhov VD, Tribble RE, Vasiliev MA, Wright DH. Measurement of the Michel parameter rho in muon decay. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2005; 94:101805. [PMID: 15783475 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.94.101805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2004] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The TWIST Collaboration has measured the Michel parameter rho in normal muon decay, mu(+)--> e(+)nu(e)nu (mu). In the standard model, rho = 3/4. Deviations from this value imply mixing of left- and right-handed muon and electron couplings. We find rho=0.750 80+/-0.000 32(stat) +/- 0.000 97(syst) +/- 0.000 23, where the last uncertainty represents the dependence of rho on the Michel parameter eta. This result sets new limits on the W(L)-W(R) mixing angle in left-right symmetric models.
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Cho M, Shin B, Choi S, Lee Y, Song K. Gel polymer electrolyte nanocomposites PEGDA with Mg–Al layered double hydroxides. Electrochim Acta 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2004.03.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Dever TE, Roll-Mecak A, Choi SK, Lee JH, Cao C, Shin BS, Burley SK. Universal translation initiation factor IF2/eIF5B. COLD SPRING HARBOR SYMPOSIA ON QUANTITATIVE BIOLOGY 2003; 66:417-24. [PMID: 12762044 DOI: 10.1101/sqb.2001.66.417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Park JH, Lee SW, Kim IT, Shin BS, Cheong SW, Cho UH, Huh MJ, Oh GS. TCDD-up-regulation of IGFBP-6 and IL-5R alpha subunit genes in vivo and in vitro. Mol Cells 2001; 12:372-9. [PMID: 11804338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Although the potent environmental contaminant 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) has been well known for its immunosuppressive activity, the mechanisms of its action have been difficult to elucidate. This is partly due to its inability to exert its effects in vitro. To further elucidate the underlying mechanisms of TCDD effects, we screened for genes that are regulated by the in vivo TCDD treatment of mice that are challenged with allogeneic tumor cells. RNA, collected from lymphoid organs including the thymus, draining lymph nodes, and bone marrow, was reverse-transcribed to cDNA and hybridized to DNA arrays that consisted of 588 genes (ClonTech, USA). The expression of the NF-kappaB p65, c-jun, and p27(Kip1) genes was increased by the TCDD treatment, as previously reported. In addition, we found that the expression of several genes, which were not reported as regulated by TCDD, were modulated by TCDD. Some genes, including insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-6 (IGFBP-6) and IL-5R alpha, were upregulated; while other genes, including CD14, were down-regulated. The expression of the IGFBP-6 and IL-5R alpha subunit genes by TCDD in the thymus was confirmed by RT-PCR and Western blot analyses. Furthermore, TCDD effects on the expression of the IGFBP-6 gene was also observed with EL4 mouse thymoma cells. This suggests that IGFBP-6 may be involved in thymic atrophy, and EL4 cells may be used as an in vitro model for studying molecular mechanisms of thymic atrophy.
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Abstract
Eukaryotic initiation factor 1A (eIF1A) and the GTPase IF2/eIF5B are the only universally conserved translation initiation factors. Recent structural, biochemical and genetic data indicate that these two factors form an evolutionarily conserved structural and functional unit in translation initiation. Based on insights gathered from studies of the translation elongation factor GTPases, we propose that these factors occupy the aminoacyl-tRNA site (A site) on the ribosome, and promote initiator tRNA binding and ribosomal subunit joining. These processes yield a translationally competent ribosome with Met-tRNA in the ribosomal peptidyl-tRNA site (P site), base-paired to the AUG start codon of a mRNA.
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Yoo SD, Shin BS, Lee BM, Lee KC, Han SY, Kim HS, Kwack SJ, Park KL. Bioavailability and mammary excretion of bisphenol a in Sprague-Dawley rats. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2001; 64:417-426. [PMID: 11700006 DOI: 10.1080/152873901753170740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
This study reports the absolute oral bioavailability and mammary excretion of bisphenol A in rats. The oral bioavailability was determined after administration of relatively low iv (0.1 mg/kg) and oral (10 mg/kg) doses of bisphenol A to rats. After iv injection, serum levels of bisphenol A declined biexponentially, with the mean initial distribution and terminal elimination half-lives being 6.1 +/- 1.3 min and 52.5 +/- 2.4 min, respectively. The systemic clearance (Cls) and the steady-state volume of distribution (Vss) averaged 107.9 +/- 28.7 m/min/kg and 5.6 +/- 2.4 L/kg, respectively. Upon oral administration, the maximum serum concentration (Cmax) and the time to reach the maximum concentration (Tmax) were 14.7 +/- 10.9 ng/ml and 0.2 +/- 0.2 h, respectively. The apparent terminal elimination half-life of bisphenol A (21.3 +/- 7.4 h) after oral administration was significantly longer than that after iv injection, indicating the flip-flop of the absorption and elimination rates. The absolute oral bioavailability of bisphenol A was low (5.3 +/- 2.1%). To determine the extent of mammary excretion, bisphenol A was given by simultaneous iv bolus injection plus infusion to steady state at low, medium, and high doses. The steady-state serum levels of bisphenol A were linearly increased with higher dosing rates. The systemic clearance (mean range, 119.2-154.1 ml/min/kg) remained unaltered over the dosing rate studied. The levels of bisphenol A in milk exceeded those in serum, with the steady-state milk to serum concentration ratio being 2.4-2.7.
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Kalinichenko VV, Lim L, Stolz DB, Shin B, Rausa FM, Clark J, Whitsett JA, Watkins SC, Costa RH. Defects in pulmonary vasculature and perinatal lung hemorrhage in mice heterozygous null for the Forkhead Box f1 transcription factor. Dev Biol 2001; 235:489-506. [PMID: 11437453 DOI: 10.1006/dbio.2001.0322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Decreased pulmonary expression of Forkhead Box f1 (Foxf1) transcription factor was associated with lethal alveolar hemorrhage in 55% of the Foxf1 +/- newborn mice. The severity of the pulmonary abnormalities correlates with the levels of Foxf1 mRNA. Defects in alveolarization and vasculogenesis were observed in subsets of the Foxf1 +/- mice with relatively low levels of expression from the normal Foxf1 allele. Lung hemorrhage was coincident with disruption of the mesenchymal-epithelial cell interfaces in the alveolar and bronchiolar regions of the lung parenchyma and was associated with increased apoptosis and reduced surfactant protein B (SP-B) expression. Finally, the lung defect associated with the Foxf1 +/- mutation was accompanied by reduced expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), the VEGF receptor 2 (Flk-1), bone morphogenetic protein 4 (Bmp-4), and the transcription factors of the Brachyury T-Box family (Tbx2-Tbx5) and Lung Kruppel-like Factor. Reduction in the level of Foxf1 caused neonatal pulmonary hemorrhage and abnormalities in alveologenesis, implicating this transcription factor in the regulation of mesenchyme-epithelial interaction critical for lung morphogenesis.
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Rodning N, Andersson W, Davydov Y, Depommier P, Doornbos J, Faszer W, Gagliardi C, Gaponenko A, Gill D, Green P, Gumplinger P, Hardy J, Hasinoff M, Helmer R, Henderson R, Kitching P, Koetke D, Korkmaz E, Khruchinsky A, Maas D, Macdonald J, MacDonald R, Manweiler R, Marshall G, Mathie T, Musser J, Nord P, Olin A, Openshaw R, Ottewell D, Porcelli T, Poutissou JM, Poutissou R, Price G, Quraan M, Schaapman J, Selivanov V, Sheffer G, Shin B, Sobratee F, Soukup J, Stanislaus T, Stinson G, Tacik R, Torokhov V, Tribble R, Vasiliev M, Walter HC, Wang SC, Wright D. TWIST- The TRIUMF weak interaction symmetry test the Michel parameters from μ+ decay. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0920-5632(01)01232-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Kalinichenko VV, Lim L, Shin B, Costa RH. Differential expression of forkhead box transcription factors following butylated hydroxytoluene lung injury. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2001; 280:L695-704. [PMID: 11238010 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.2001.280.4.l695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The forkhead box (Fox) proteins are a growing family of transcription factors that have important roles in cellular proliferation and differentiation and in organ morphogenesis. The Fox family members hepatocyte nuclear factor (HNF)-3beta (Foxa2) and HNF-3/forkhead homolog (HFH)-8 (FREAC-1, Foxf1) are expressed in adult pulmonary epithelial and mesenchymal cells, respectively, but these cells display only low expression levels of the proliferation-specific HFH-11B gene (Trident, Foxm1b). The regulation of these Fox transcription factors in response to acute lung injury, however, has yet to be determined. We report here on the use of butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT)-mediated lung injury to demonstrate that HFH-11 protein and RNA levels were markedly increased throughout the period of lung repair. The maximum levels of HFH-11 were observed by day 2 following BHT injury when both bronchiolar and alveolar epithelial cells were undergoing extensive proliferation. Although BHT lung injury did not alter epithelial cell expression of HNF-3beta, a 65% reduction in HFH-8 mRNA levels was observed during the period of mesenchymal cell proliferation. HFH-8-expressing cells were colocalized with platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1-positive alveolar endothelial cells and with alpha-smooth muscle actin-positive peribronchiolar smooth muscle cells.
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Kim KW, Kim SJ, Shin BS, Choi HY. Ligand binding profiles of delta-opioid receptor in human cerebral cortex membranes: evidence of delta-opioid receptor heterogeneity. Life Sci 2001; 68:1649-56. [PMID: 11263677 DOI: 10.1016/s0024-3205(01)00962-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
In this study, receptor binding profiles of opioid ligands for subtypes of opioid delta-receptors were examined employing [3H]D-Pen2,D-Pen5-enkephalin ([3H]DPDPE) and [3H]Ile(5,6)-deltorphin II ([3H]Ile-Delt II) in human cerebral cortex membranes. [3H]DPDPE, a representative ligand for delta1 sites, labeled a single population of binding sites with apparent affinity constant (Kd) of 2.72 +/- 0.21 nM and maximal binding capacity (Bmax) value of 20.78 +/- 3.13 fmol/mg protein. Homologous competition curve of [3H]Ile-Delt II, a representative ligand for delta2 sites, was best fit by the one-site model (Kd = 0.82 +/- 0.07 nM). Bmax value (43.65 +/- 2.41 fmol/mg) for [3H]Ile-Delt II was significantly greater than that for [3H]DPDPE. DPDPE, [D-Ala2,D-Leu5]enkephalin (DADLE) and 7-benzylidenaltrexone (BNTX) were more potent in competing for the binding sites of [3H]DPDPE than for those of [3H]Ile-Delt II. On the other hand, deltorphin II (Delt II), [D-Ser2,Leu5,Thr6]enkephalin (DSLET), naltriben (NTB) and naltrindole (NTI) were found to be equipotent in competing for [3H]DPDPE and [3H]Ile-Delt II binding sites. These results indicate that both subtypes of opioid delta-receptors, delta1 and delta2, exist in human cerebral cortex with different ligand binding profiles.
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Kim SB, Shin BS, Choi SK, Kim CK, Park SH. Involvement of acetyl phosphate in the in vivo activation of the response regulator ComA in Bacillus subtilis. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2001; 195:179-83. [PMID: 11179649 DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-6968.2001.tb10518.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Development of genetic competence in Bacillus subtilis is regulated by ComP--ComA, a two-component signal transduction system. The response regulator ComA is primarily activated by ComP, a histidine kinase that mediates response to nutrient conditions and cell density, and the activated ComA is required for transcription of the srf operon, which is essential for the development of genetic competence and surfactin production. In this study we suggested that the ComA could also be activated by a small molecule phospho-donor, acetyl phosphate. Examination of srfA-lacZ expression indicated that a significant amount of srfA expression still occurs in the comP mutant during growth in a sporulation medium containing excess glucose. Analysis of a comP and pta mutant suggests that srfA activation seen in the comP mutant is dependent on the expression of pta, which encodes phosphotransacetylase (Pta). As Pta is responsible for the catalysis for conversion of acetyl coenzyme A to acetyl phosphate, we conclude that the expression of srfA seen in the comP mutant is mainly due to the activation of ComA by acetyl phosphate.
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Kim KW, Son Y, Shin BS, Cho KP. Pharmacological effects of naltriben as a ligand for opioid mu and kappa receptors in rat cerebral cortex. Life Sci 2001; 68:1305-15. [PMID: 11233997 DOI: 10.1016/s0024-3205(00)01037-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Naltriben (NTB) has been used to differentiate the subtypes of delta opioid receptors, delta1 and delta2. However, there is considerable evidence suggesting that NTB may act on other types of opioid receptors too. We examined the effects of NTB on the specific binding of radiolabeled ligands for opioid mu and kappa2 receptors, and the effects on the release of [3H]norepinephrine ([3H]NE) in rat cerebral cortex slices. NTB displaced the specific binding of [3H]DAMGO with Ki value of 19.79 +/- 1.12 nM in rat cortex membranes. Specific binding of [3H]diprenorphine ([3H]DIP) was inhibited by NTB with Ki value of 82.75 +/- 6.32 nM in the presence of DAMGO and DPDPE. High K+ (15 mM)-stimulated release of [3H]NE was attenuated by DAMGO in rat cerebral cortex slices. NTB (30 nM) shifted the dose-response curve of DAMGO to the right and attenuated the maximal effect. In the meantime, NTB inhibited high K+-stimulated [3H]NE release at concentrations above 100 nM. The inhibitory effect of NTB was not attenuated by CTAP (10 nM) and naloxone (3 nM) but by higher concentration of naloxone (30 nM), nor-BNI (300 nM) and bremazocine (3 nM). These results indicate that NTB, depending on the dosage, could acts not only as an antagonist at delta but also as a noncompetitive antagonist for mu receptors, and as an agonist for kappa2 receptors in rat cerebral cortex.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Cerebral Cortex/drug effects
- Cerebral Cortex/metabolism
- Diprenorphine/metabolism
- Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-/metabolism
- Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-/pharmacology
- Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-/pharmacology
- Ligands
- Male
- Naloxone/pharmacology
- Naltrexone/analogs & derivatives
- Naltrexone/pharmacology
- Narcotic Antagonists/pharmacology
- Norepinephrine/metabolism
- Peptide Fragments
- Peptides/pharmacology
- Potassium/pharmacology
- Rats
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Receptors, Opioid, delta/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Opioid, delta/drug effects
- Receptors, Opioid, delta/metabolism
- Receptors, Opioid, kappa/agonists
- Receptors, Opioid, kappa/drug effects
- Receptors, Opioid, kappa/metabolism
- Receptors, Opioid, mu/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Opioid, mu/drug effects
- Receptors, Opioid, mu/metabolism
- Somatostatin
- Tritium
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Johnson ET, Ryu S, Yi H, Shin B, Cheong H, Choi G. Alteration of a single amino acid changes the substrate specificity of dihydroflavonol 4-reductase. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2001; 25:325-33. [PMID: 11208024 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-313x.2001.00962.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Many plant species exhibit a reduced range of flower colors due to the lack of an essential gene or to the substrate specificity of a biosynthetic enzyme. Petunia does not produce orange flowers because dihydroflavonol 4-reductase (DFR) from this species, an enzyme involved in anthocyanin biosynthesis, inefficiently reduces dihydrokaempferol, the precursor to orange pelargonidin-type anthocyanins. The substrate specificity of DFR, however, has not been investigated at the molecular level. By analyzing chimeric DFRs of Petunia and Gerbera, we identified a region that determines the substrate specificity of DFR. Furthermore, by changing a single amino acid in this presumed substrate-binding region, we developed a DFR enzyme that preferentially reduces dihydrokaempferol. Our results imply that the substrate specificity of DFR can be altered by minor changes in DFR.
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Lee J, Koh J, Shin B, Ahn K, Roh J, Kim Y, Kim K. Comparative study of angiostatic and anti-invasive gene expressions as prognostic factors in gastric cancer. Int J Oncol 2001. [DOI: 10.3892/ijo.18.2.355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Yagi M, Kanzaki S, Kawamoto K, Shin B, Shah PP, Magal E, Sheng J, Raphael Y. Spiral ganglion neurons are protected from degeneration by GDNF gene therapy. J Assoc Res Otolaryngol 2000; 1:315-25. [PMID: 11547811 PMCID: PMC2957193 DOI: 10.1007/s101620010011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Perceptual benefits from the cochlear prosthesis are related to the quantity and quality of the patient's auditory nerve population. Multiple neurotrophic factors, such as glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), have been shown to have important roles in the survival of inner ear auditory neurons, including protection of deafferented spiral ganglion cells (SGCs). In this study, GDNF gene therapy was tested for its ability to enhance survival of SGCs after aminoglycoside/diuretic-induced insult that eliminated the inner hair cells. The GDNF transgene was delivered by adenoviral vectors. Similar vectors with a reporter gene (lacZ) insert served as controls. Four or seven days after bilateral deafening, 5 microl of an adenoviral suspension (Ad-GDNF or Ad-lacZ) or an artificial perilymph was injected into the left scala tympani of guinea pigs. Animals were sacrificed 28 days after deafening and their inner ears prepared for SGC counts. Adenoviral-mediated GDNF transgene expression enhanced SGC survival in the left (viral-treated) deafened ears. This observation suggests that GDNF is one of the survival factors in the inner ear and may help maintain the auditory neurons after insult. Application of GDNF and other survival factors via gene therapy has great potential for inducing survival of auditory neurons following hair cell loss.
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