51
|
Del Casale A, Sorice S, Padovano A, Simmaco M, Ferracuti S, Lamis DA, Rapinesi C, Sani G, Girardi P, Kotzalidis GD, Pompili M. Psychopharmacological Treatment of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD). Curr Neuropharmacol 2020; 17:710-736. [PMID: 30101713 PMCID: PMC7059159 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x16666180813155017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Revised: 07/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is associated with affective and cognitive symptoms causing personal distress and reduced global functioning. These have considerable societal costs due to healthcare service utilization. Objective: Our aim was to assess the efficacy of pharmacological interventions in OCD and clinical guidelines, providing a comprehensive overview of this field. Methods: We searched the PubMed database for papers dealing with drug treatment of OCD, with a specific focus on clinical guidelines, treatments with antidepressants, antipsychotics, mood stabilizers, off-label medications, and pharmacogenomics. Results: Prolonged administration of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) is most effective. Better results can be obtained with a SSRI combined with cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) or the similarly oriented exposure and response prevention (ERP). Refractory OCD could be treated with different strategies, including a switch to another SSRI or clomipramine, or augmentation with an atypical antipsychotic. The addition of medications other than antipsychotics or intravenous antidepressant administration needs further investigation, as the evidence is inconsistent. Pharmacogenomics and personalization of therapy could reduce treatment resistance. Conclusions: SSRI/clomipramine in combination with CBT/ERP is associated with the optimal response compared to each treatment alone or to other treatments. New strategies for refractory OCD are needed. The role of pharmacogenomics could become preponderant in the coming years.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Del Casale
- Department of Neuroscience, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs (NESMOS), Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University, Unit of Psychiatry, Sant'Andrea University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Serena Sorice
- Residency School in Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University, Unit of Psychiatry, Sant'Andrea University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessio Padovano
- Residency School in Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University, Unit of Psychiatry, Sant'Andrea University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Maurizio Simmaco
- Department of Neuroscience, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs (NESMOS), Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University, Unit of Psychiatry, Sant'Andrea University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Dorian A Lamis
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Chiara Rapinesi
- Department of Neuroscience, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs (NESMOS), Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University, Unit of Psychiatry, Sant'Andrea University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Gabriele Sani
- Department of Neuroscience, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs (NESMOS), Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University, Unit of Psychiatry, Sant'Andrea University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Girardi
- Department of Neuroscience, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs (NESMOS), Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University, Unit of Psychiatry, Sant'Andrea University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Georgios D Kotzalidis
- Department of Neuroscience, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs (NESMOS), Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University, Unit of Psychiatry, Sant'Andrea University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Maurizio Pompili
- Department of Neuroscience, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs (NESMOS), Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University, Unit of Psychiatry, Sant'Andrea University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
52
|
Kotzalidis GD, Del Casale A, Simmaco M, Pancheri L, Brugnoli R, Paolini M, Gualtieri I, Ferracuti S, Savoja V, Cuomo I, De Chiara L, Mosca A, Sani G, Girardi P, Pompili M, Rapinesi C, On Behalf Of The Sapienza Group For The Study Of The Placebo Effect In Psychiatric Disorders. Placebo Effect in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD). Placebo Response and Placebo Responders in OCD: The Trend Over Time. Curr Neuropharmacol 2020; 17:741-774. [PMID: 30370851 PMCID: PMC7059157 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x16666181026163922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2018] [Revised: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Placebo response appears to be increasing in antidepressant, antipsychotic and various internal medicine trials. A similar trend has been reported for OCD during 1989-1999. Placebo response is generally considered as the extent to which placebo treatment is associated with core symptom improvement. In this analysis, we used Joinpoint regression to assess the time trend of both placebo response and placebo responder rates according to the year of publication with no time restriction in OCD drug trials. METHODS We included drug and/or psychotherapy trials vs. placebo from PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, and PsycINFO retrieved through the search (placebo OR sham) AND (obsessive* OR OCD). We included studies through investigator consensus. We then performed on data of included studies log-linear joinpoint segmented regression models using a p<0.05 cutoff. RESULTS We included 113 studies from 112 published papers. Placebo mean annual response rates in OCD studies significantly increased from 1991 to 2017 with an annual percent change (APC) of 0.66%, while placebo mean annual responder rates also significantly increased from 2010 to 2017, with an APC of 5.45%. Drug mean annual response rates in OCD studies significantly increased from 1987 to 2012 with an APC of 0.72%, while the corresponding responder rates did not show statistically significant APC changes between 1984 and 2017. CONCLUSION We observed a tendency for placebo to increase both measures of response in OCD clinical drug trials through the years that tend to approximate the responses shown by drugs. Changes in the type of study (moving from classical head to head comparisons to add-on studies in treatmentresistant populations) and countries involved in experimentation may partially account for some portion of these results. It appears that placebo effects are becoming more elusive and out of control.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Georgios D Kotzalidis
- Neurosciences, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs (NESMOS) Department, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Del Casale
- Neurosciences, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs (NESMOS) Department, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Maurizio Simmaco
- Neurosciences, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs (NESMOS) Department, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Roberto Brugnoli
- Neurosciences, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs (NESMOS) Department, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Paolini
- Residency School in Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Ida Gualtieri
- Residency School in Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Ferracuti
- Department of Human Neuroscience, Sapienza University, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Ilaria Cuomo
- ASL Roma 1, Istituto Penitenziario Regina Caeli, Rome, Italy
| | - Lavinia De Chiara
- Neurosciences, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs (NESMOS) Department, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessio Mosca
- Neurosciences, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs (NESMOS) Department, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Gabriele Sani
- Neurosciences, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs (NESMOS) Department, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Girardi
- Neurosciences, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs (NESMOS) Department, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Maurizio Pompili
- Neurosciences, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs (NESMOS) Department, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Rapinesi
- Neurosciences, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs (NESMOS) Department, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | | |
Collapse
|
53
|
Janiri D, Kotzalidis GD, Giuseppin G, Molinaro M, Modica M, Montanari S, Terenzi B, Carfì A, Landi F, Sani G. Psychological Distress After Covid-19 Recovery: Reciprocal Effects With Temperament and Emotional Dysregulation. An Exploratory Study of Patients Over 60 Years of Age Assessed in a Post-acute Care Service. Front Psychiatry 2020; 11:590135. [PMID: 33304286 PMCID: PMC7693440 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.590135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
To study the long-term psychological effects of Covid-19 disease, we recruited 61 patients older than 60 years of age and administered the Kessler questionnaire K10 to assess psychological distress and classify them according to mental health risk groups. Patients' affective temperaments were assessed with the 39-item form of the Temperament Evaluation of Memphis, Pisa, Paris, and San Diego (TEMPS-A-39) and emotional dysregulation with the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS). Patients were divided in two samples according to their scores on the K10, i.e., a high likelihood of psychological distress group (N = 18) and a low likelihood of psychological distress group (N = 43). The two groups differed on their gender composition, in that more women (N = 11) were in the former and more men in the latter (N = 29) (χ2 = 4.28; p = 0.039). The high likelihood of psychological distress group scored higher on the Cyclothymic (3.39 ± 3.45 vs. 0.93 ± 1.08, p < 0.001) and the Depressive (2.28 ± 2.82 vs. 0.65 ± 1.09, p = 0.01) affective temperaments of the TEMPS and on the lack of Impulse control (12.67 ± 4.04 vs. 9.63 ± 3.14, p = 0.003) and lack of Clarity (15.00 ± 5.56 vs. 9.85 ± 4.67, p = 0.004) scales of the DERS. Our results show that having had Covid-19 may be related with high likelihood for psychological distress in advanced-age people and this may in turn be associated with impaired emotional regulation and higher scores on depressive and cyclothymic temperaments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Delfina Janiri
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.,Department of Neuroscience, Section of Psychiatry, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.,Department of Psychiatry, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Georgios D Kotzalidis
- Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Giuseppin
- Department of Neuroscience, Section of Psychiatry, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Marzia Molinaro
- Department of Neuroscience, Section of Psychiatry, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Modica
- Department of Neuroscience, Section of Psychiatry, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Montanari
- Department of Neuroscience, Section of Psychiatry, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Beatrice Terenzi
- Department of Neuroscience, Section of Psychiatry, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Angelo Carfì
- Geriatrics Department, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Landi
- Geriatrics Department, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Gabriele Sani
- Department of Neuroscience, Section of Psychiatry, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.,Department of Psychiatry, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | | |
Collapse
|
54
|
Vento AE, Kotzalidis GD, Cacciotti M, Papanti GD, Orsolini L, Rapinesi C, Savoja V, Calabrò G, Del Casale A, Piacentino D, Caloro M, Girardi P, Schifano F. Quetiapine Abuse Fourteen Years Later: Where Are We Now? A Systematic Review. Subst Use Misuse 2020; 55:304-313. [PMID: 31573374 DOI: 10.1080/10826084.2019.1668013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Background: Quetiapine, an atypical antipsychotic endowed with weak dopamine antagonist, potent 5-HT2A-blocking, partial 5-HT1A-agonist, anti-H1 histamine, adrenolytic, and sigma1 receptor agonist activities, since an original 2004 report is increasingly misused. Although some of its pharmacodynamics might explain some motives for voluptuary use, most of its actions are directed at setting-off those motives. Hence, it is possible that its popularity in special populations is due to the fact that the unpleasant or unwanted effects of addiction substances are somehow soothed by quetiapine. Currently, quetiapine is tested in substance use disorders, showing some promise, but it is likely to be misused in certain contexts. Objectives: To review the evidence for the use of quetiapine as addiction substance and investigate the characteristics of populations involved in such addiction. Methods: A systematic review of literature on various databases retrieved on September 7, 2018 87 records to comment. Results. We reviewed the evidence for quetiapine's addictive potential in the light of its pharmacodynamics properties and presented two cases of recreational quetiapine use, by a 35-year old male patient with past addictive behavior and by a 50-year-old woman with major depressive disorder and conversion disorder. We found quetiapine to be abused mainly by addict populations and people with law involvement. Conclusions/Importance: There is no reason to include quetiapine among regulated substances, but monitoring of its use in selected populations is warranted. Psychiatrists and physicians working in the penitentiary system should be aware of the addictive potential of quetiapine and adopt measures restricting its use.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro E Vento
- NESMOS Department (Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs), Sapienza University - Rome, School of Medicine and Psychology; Sant'Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy.,School of psychology - G. Marconi, Telematic University, Rome, Italy.,Addictions Observatory (ODDPSS), Rome, Italy.,Mental Health Department - ASL Roma 2, Rome, Italy
| | - Georgios D Kotzalidis
- NESMOS Department (Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs), Sapienza University - Rome, School of Medicine and Psychology; Sant'Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Marta Cacciotti
- NESMOS Department (Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs), Sapienza University - Rome, School of Medicine and Psychology; Sant'Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy.,School of psychology - G. Marconi, Telematic University, Rome, Italy.,Addictions Observatory (ODDPSS), Rome, Italy.,Mental Health Department - ASL Roma 2, Rome, Italy
| | - G Duccio Papanti
- Udine Mental Health Department - SOPDC, Udine, Italy.,Psychopharmacology, Drug Misuse and Novel Psychoactive Substances Research Unit, School of Life and Medical Sciences, College Lane Campus, University of Hertfordshire, Herts, England
| | - Laura Orsolini
- Psychopharmacology, Drug Misuse and Novel Psychoactive Substances Research Unit, School of Life and Medical Sciences, College Lane Campus, University of Hertfordshire, Herts, England.,Neomesia Mental Health, Villa Jolanda Hospital, Jesi, Italy.,Polyedra Research, Teramo, Italy
| | - Chiara Rapinesi
- NESMOS Department (Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs), Sapienza University - Rome, School of Medicine and Psychology; Sant'Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Valeria Savoja
- NESMOS Department (Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs), Sapienza University - Rome, School of Medicine and Psychology; Sant'Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy.,Mental Health Department, ASL Roma 4, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppa Calabrò
- NESMOS Department (Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs), Sapienza University - Rome, School of Medicine and Psychology; Sant'Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Del Casale
- NESMOS Department (Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs), Sapienza University - Rome, School of Medicine and Psychology; Sant'Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Daria Piacentino
- NESMOS Department (Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs), Sapienza University - Rome, School of Medicine and Psychology; Sant'Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy.,Section on Clinical Psychoneuroendocrinology and Neuropsychopharmacology (Cpn), Niaaa Dicbr and Nida Irp; National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Matteo Caloro
- NESMOS Department (Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs), Sapienza University - Rome, School of Medicine and Psychology; Sant'Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Girardi
- NESMOS Department (Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs), Sapienza University - Rome, School of Medicine and Psychology; Sant'Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Schifano
- Psychopharmacology, Drug Misuse and Novel Psychoactive Substances Research Unit, School of Life and Medical Sciences, College Lane Campus, University of Hertfordshire, Herts, England
| |
Collapse
|
55
|
Simonetti A, Koukopoulos AE, Kotzalidis GD, Janiri D, De Chiara L, Janiri L, Sani G. Stabilization Beyond Mood: Stabilizing Patients With Bipolar Disorder in the Various Phases of Life. Front Psychiatry 2020; 11:247. [PMID: 32395107 PMCID: PMC7197486 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are different ways to define stabilization and currently, the main standpoint regards it as no-depression/no-mania. Furthermore, each person is physiologically different from childhood to adulthood, and in old age, thus the meaning of stabilization should take into account both growth and maturity. We aimed to review systematically studies focusing on mood stabilization in all phases of bipolar disorder (BD) and across all life phases, including pregnancy and the perinatal period, which is still a different phase in women's life cycles. METHODS We carried out a PubMed search focusing on studies of bipolar disorder treated with drugs and aimed at stabilization with the following search strategy stabiliz*[ti] OR stabilis*[ti] OR stable[ti] OR stability[ti]) AND mood[ti] AND bipolar. In conducting our review, we followed the PRISMA statement. Agreement on inclusion was reached by consensus of all authors through a Delphi rounds procedure. RESULTS The above search strategy produced 509 records on January 25, 2020. Of them, 58 fitted our inclusion criteria and were discussed. The eligible studies spanned from September 1983 to July 6, 2019. CONCLUSIONS No clear-cut indications could be drawn due to a number of limitations involving sample inconsistency and different methods of assessing mood stabilization. The evidence collected so far does not allow recommended treatments for Adolescents, pregnant or perinatal women, and aged patients. However, adults, not within these groups, better focused upon. For their manic/mixed phases, second generation antipsychotic drugs may be useful in the short-to-medium run, alone or combined with mood stabilizers (MSs). However, MSs, and especially lithium, continue to be pivotal in chronic treatment. Bipolar depression should rely on MSs, but an antidepressant may be added on and can prove to be helpful. However, there are concerns with the tendency of antidepressants to induce the opposite polarity or mood instability, rendering the need for concurrent MS prescription mandatory.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Simonetti
- Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States.,Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.,Centro Lucio Bini, Rome, Italy
| | - Alexia E Koukopoulos
- Centro Lucio Bini, Rome, Italy.,Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza School of Medicine and Dentistry, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Georgios D Kotzalidis
- Centro Lucio Bini, Rome, Italy.,NESMOS Department, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Sant'Andrea University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Delfina Janiri
- Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.,Centro Lucio Bini, Rome, Italy
| | - Lavinia De Chiara
- Centro Lucio Bini, Rome, Italy.,NESMOS Department, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Sant'Andrea University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Luigi Janiri
- Institute of Psychiatry, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.,Department of Psychiatry, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "Agostino Gemelli" IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Gabriele Sani
- Institute of Psychiatry, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.,Department of Psychiatry, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "Agostino Gemelli" IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
56
|
Roma P, Ricci F, Kotzalidis GD, Guidarelli B, Pancheri C, Mazza C, Cinti ME, Burla F, Ferracuti S. Psychopathology and personality in problematic internet users. Riv Psichiatr 2019; 54:24-30. [PMID: 30760934 DOI: 10.1708/3104.30937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
Few studies have addressed the issue of psychopathology and personality of individuals with problematic use of internet. In this study we research psychopathological symptoms, personality traits and predictive variables associated with problematic internet use. The study was conducted on a total of 343 students from four Italian Universities using Pathological Internet Use Scale, Big Five Questionnaire, and Symptom Check List 90 Revised. According to this study 52.7% of the sample shows a problematic internet use while only 7.6% don't suffer from any symptom. More than half of subjects admits to have got into arguments with a significant other over being online, and to have missed social engagements because of online activities. Subjects with problematic internet use scored higher in psychopathological scales. Low levels of Friendliness and Emotional Stability could predict the problematic use of internet. Problematic internet use may be associated with higher psychopathology levels and personality traits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Roma
- Department of Human Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Sapienza University of Rome
| | | | | | | | - Corinna Pancheri
- Department of Human Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Sapienza University of Rome
| | - Cristina Mazza
- Department of Human Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Sapienza University of Rome
| | - Maria Elena Cinti
- Department of Human Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Sapienza University of Rome
| | - Franco Burla
- Department of Human Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Sapienza University of Rome
| | - Stefano Ferracuti
- Department of Human Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Sapienza University of Rome
| |
Collapse
|
57
|
Grassi C, Del Casale A, Cucè P, Kotzalidis GD, Pelliccione A, Marconi W, Saccente F, Messina R, Santorsa R, Rapinesi C, Lester D, Giannini AM, Tatarelli R, Girardi P, Pompili M. Suicide among Italian police officers from 1995 to 2017. Riv Psichiatr 2019; 54:18-23. [PMID: 30760933 DOI: 10.1708/3104.30936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
Objective Suicide rate in police officers is higher than in the general population worldwide. This paper assesses and analyzes the trends in suicide rates of Italian police officers from 1995 to 2017, comparing these with the trends of Italian general population. METHODS We reviewed all cases of active Italian police officers who died by suicide from 1995 through 2017 (N=271). We calculated age- and gender- specific suicide rates among police officers and the Italian general population. We carried out descriptive chi-squared analyses for categorical variables, and one-way ANOVA for continuous variables, performing a joinpoint regression to analize suicide trends. RESULTS The mean police suicide rate was 11.78 per 100,000 individuals per year (95% CI=11.18-12.06). Joinpoint regression analyses of the period 1995-2017 showed that suicide rates of Italian police officers significantly decreased from 1995 to 2007 (annual percent change [APC]: -5.75%), followed by a period of a non-significant increase (APC: 3.9%). The period as a whole showed a non-significant decrease (APC: -1.7%). During 1995-2014, suicide rates were significantly higher among police officers vs. the age-adjusted general population (p<0.001), in male police vs. Italian male residents younger than 65 (p<0.001), and in female police vs. the female age-adjusted general population (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Suicide rates among Italian police officers were significantly higher than those of the national resident population younger than 65 years. Annual suicide rate trends among Police showed a significant reduction in the period 1995-2007 followed by a stable trend until 2017. The entire period 1995-2017 showed a non-significant decreasing trend.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cinzia Grassi
- Center of Neurology and Medical Psychology, Healthcare Central Operations Service, Central Directorate of Health, Department of Public Security, Italian Ministry of the Interior, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Del Casale
- Department of Neuroscience, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs (NESMOS), Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome; Unit of Psychiatry, Sant'Andrea University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Petri Cucè
- Center of Neurology and Medical Psychology, Healthcare Central Operations Service, Central Directorate of Health, Department of Public Security, Italian Ministry of the Interior, Rome, Italy
| | - Georgios D Kotzalidis
- Department of Neuroscience, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs (NESMOS), Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome; Unit of Psychiatry, Sant'Andrea University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Pelliccione
- Center of Neurology and Medical Psychology, Healthcare Central Operations Service, Central Directorate of Health, Department of Public Security, Italian Ministry of the Interior, Rome, Italy
| | - William Marconi
- Center of Neurology and Medical Psychology, Healthcare Central Operations Service, Central Directorate of Health, Department of Public Security, Italian Ministry of the Interior, Rome, Italy
| | - Fabio Saccente
- Center of Neurology and Medical Psychology, Healthcare Central Operations Service, Central Directorate of Health, Department of Public Security, Italian Ministry of the Interior, Rome, Italy
| | - Rita Messina
- Center of Neurology and Medical Psychology, Healthcare Central Operations Service, Central Directorate of Health, Department of Public Security, Italian Ministry of the Interior, Rome, Italy
| | - Roberto Santorsa
- Healthcare Central Operations Service, Central Directorate of Health, Department of Public Security, Italian Ministry of the Interior, Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Rapinesi
- Department of Neuroscience, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs (NESMOS), Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome; Unit of Psychiatry, Sant'Andrea University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Anna Maria Giannini
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, "Sapienza" University, Rome, Italy
| | - Roberto Tatarelli
- Department of Neuroscience, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs (NESMOS), Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome; Unit of Psychiatry, Sant'Andrea University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Girardi
- Department of Neuroscience, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs (NESMOS), Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome; Unit of Psychiatry, Sant'Andrea University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Maurizio Pompili
- Department of Neuroscience, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs (NESMOS), Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome; Unit of Psychiatry, Sant'Andrea University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
58
|
Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Del Casale
- Department of Neuroscience, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs (NESMOS), Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University; Unit of Psychiatry, Sant'Andrea University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Georgios D. Kotzalidis
- Department of Neuroscience, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs (NESMOS), Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University; Unit of Psychiatry, Sant'Andrea University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Rapinesi
- Department of Neuroscience, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs (NESMOS), Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University; Unit of Psychiatry, Sant'Andrea University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Girardi
- Department of Neuroscience, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs (NESMOS), Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University; Unit of Psychiatry, Sant'Andrea University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
59
|
Pacchiarotti I, Tiihonen J, Kotzalidis GD, Verdolini N, Murru A, Goikolea JM, Valentí M, Aedo A, Vieta E. Long-acting injectable antipsychotics (LAIs) for maintenance treatment of bipolar and schizoaffective disorders: A systematic review. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2019; 29:457-470. [PMID: 30770235 DOI: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2019.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2018] [Revised: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 02/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Long-Acting Injectable Antipsychotics (LAIs) are used to overcome non-compliance in psychoses, mainly schizophrenia spectrum disorders. We aimed to summarize available evidence of studies comparing the efficacy of LAIs to placebo or oral medications for Bipolar Disorder (BD) and/or Schizoaffective Disorder (SAD). We searched six databases from inception to 28-March-2018, using the strategy: long-acting antipsychotics AND (bipolar disorder OR schizoaffective disorder OR mania OR manic OR bipolar depression). We included peer-reviewed double-blind comparisons of LAIs for any clinical outcome occurrence in BD, or open mirror studies with same prospective as retrospective assessment periods. We excluded studies reporting on mixed schizophrenia/SAD populations without reporting results separately. The pooled records amounted to 642. After duplicate removal and inclusion/exclusion criteria application, we included 15 studies, 6 double-blind and 9 open, 13 assessing BD and 2 SAD. Depot neuroleptics prevented manic, but not depressive recurrences and may worsen depressive symptoms. Risperidone long-acting injectable was found to be effective in protecting from any mood/manic symptom compared to placebo, but not from depressive recurrences. Add-on or monotherapy paliperidone palmitate in SAD patients protected from psychotic, depressive, and manic symptoms. In patients with BD-I with a manic episode at study enrolment, aripiprazole monohydrate significantly delayed time to recurrence of manic episodes without inducing depressive episodes. LAIs are effective and well-tolerated maintenance treatments for BD and SAD. They showed better efficacy in preventing mania than depression. LAIs may be first-line for BD-I and SAD patients with a manic predominant polarity and with non-adherence problems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Isabella Pacchiarotti
- Barcelona Bipolar Disorders Program, Hospital Clinic, Institute of Neuroscience, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERSAM, 170 Villarroel st., Barcelona, Catalunya, Spain
| | - Jari Tiihonen
- Department of Forensic Psychiatry, University of Eastern Finland, Niuvanniemi Hospital, Kuopio, Finland; Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Georgios D Kotzalidis
- Neurosciences, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs (NESMOS) Department, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Norma Verdolini
- Barcelona Bipolar Disorders Program, Hospital Clinic, Institute of Neuroscience, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERSAM, 170 Villarroel st., Barcelona, Catalunya, Spain; FIDMAG Germanes Hospitalàries Research Foundation, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona, Catalunya, Spain; Division of Psychiatry, Clinical Psychology and Rehabilitation, Department of Medicine, Santa Maria della Misericordia Hospital, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Andrea Murru
- Barcelona Bipolar Disorders Program, Hospital Clinic, Institute of Neuroscience, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERSAM, 170 Villarroel st., Barcelona, Catalunya, Spain
| | - José Manuel Goikolea
- Barcelona Bipolar Disorders Program, Hospital Clinic, Institute of Neuroscience, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERSAM, 170 Villarroel st., Barcelona, Catalunya, Spain
| | - Marc Valentí
- Barcelona Bipolar Disorders Program, Hospital Clinic, Institute of Neuroscience, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERSAM, 170 Villarroel st., Barcelona, Catalunya, Spain
| | - Alberto Aedo
- Barcelona Bipolar Disorders Program, Hospital Clinic, Institute of Neuroscience, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERSAM, 170 Villarroel st., Barcelona, Catalunya, Spain; Unidad de Trastorno Afectivo Bipolar, Departamento de Psiquiatría, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Eduard Vieta
- Barcelona Bipolar Disorders Program, Hospital Clinic, Institute of Neuroscience, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERSAM, 170 Villarroel st., Barcelona, Catalunya, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
60
|
Giordano G, Tomassini L, Cuomo I, Amici E, Perrini F, Callovini G, Carannante A, Kotzalidis GD, De Filippis S. Aripiprazole Long-Acting Injection During First Episode Schizophrenia-An Exploratory Analysis. Front Psychiatry 2019; 10:935. [PMID: 31969843 PMCID: PMC6960223 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Long-acting injectable (LAI) aripiprazole was found to be efficacious in schizophrenia. In common clinical practice, the use of LAIs is often restricted to chronic patients with frequent relapses and poor adherence. Recently, some investigators advanced the idea of early LAI use also in young people with schizophrenia at their first psychotic episode (FEP). Objective: Our study aimed to assess the effect of LAI aripiprazole once monthly (AOM) in the treatment of FEP in patients aged 18-26 years. Methods: We included 50 patients with DSM-5 schizophrenia as assessed with SCID, and used the Clinical Global Impressions Scale-Severity of Illness (CGI-S) and the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) to assess symptom severity and the World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL), the Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) and the Personal and Social Performance Scale (PSP) to assess quality of life (QoL) and global health perception at baseline and 3, 6, 9, and 12 months after the first AOM injection. Results: AOM was associated with a progressive improvement, compared to baseline, of both positive (p < 0.001) and negative (p < 0.001) symptoms and in general psychopathology (p < 0.001) and decrease in global severity (p < 0.001). We also observed progressive improvement in QoL and social and personal functioning. Treatment adherence was 78% at study endpoint. Our results support that AOM may improve psychotic symptoms, QoL and social functioning in young FEP patients. Further studies should compare AOM to its oral formulation in the treatment of young patients with schizophrenia at the outset of their illness.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ilaria Cuomo
- ASL Roma 1, Istituto Penitenziario Regina Coeli, Rome, Italy
| | - Emanuela Amici
- Villa Von Siebenthal Neuropsychiatric Clinic, Rome, Italy
| | - Filippo Perrini
- Istituto A.T. Beck-Diagnostic Centre, Research and Training in Cognitive-Behavioral Psychotherapy, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | - Georgios D Kotzalidis
- Villa Von Siebenthal Neuropsychiatric Clinic, Rome, Italy.,NESMOS Department Neurosciences-Mental Health- and Sensory Organs, School of Medicine and Psychology, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | | |
Collapse
|
61
|
Ferracuti S, Pucci D, Trobia F, Alessi MC, Rapinesi C, Kotzalidis GD, Del Casale A. Evolution of forensic psychiatry in Italy over the past 40 years (1978-2018). Int J Law Psychiatry 2019; 62:45-49. [PMID: 30616853 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijlp.2018.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2018] [Revised: 10/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In Italy, following the closure of psychiatric hospitals in 1978 and the release of psychiatric patients into community care, there was a mismatch between common psychiatric patients and the convicted mentally ill who were sentenced to serve in state forensic psychiatric hospitals. The recent closure of such structures following the Prime Minister's Decree of April 1, 2008, fostered the need to create new structures. These are called "REMS," and they are based in the community and led by psychiatrists and healthcare staff who may rely on the collaboration of public security staff. This act completed a course of progressive deinstitutionalization of all psychiatric patients. However, some problems remain, and persons regarded as "partially mentally disabled" at the time of crime perpetration must serve part of their sentence in prison and the rest in the aforementioned structures or in psychiatric rehabilitation communities, depending on their claimed "social dangerousness." Psychiatric services now face the ambiguity of treating persons who are considered dangerous by court orders, while the civil law criteria for involuntary hospitalization is based only on the need of care. The complete closure of forensic hospitals may be considered a decisive step forward in the humanization of society, but there are still some issues to address to make it work better. The implementation of multidisciplinary teams and effective psychotherapy, psychoeducational, and rehabilitation interventions can help.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Daniela Pucci
- Local Health Agency ASL Roma, 5, Palombara Sabina, Rome, Italy
| | - Federico Trobia
- Residency School in Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University; Unit of Psychiatry, "Sant'Andrea" University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Chiara Alessi
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio", 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Chiara Rapinesi
- Department of Neuroscience, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs (NESMOS), Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University; Unit of Psychiatry, "Sant'Andrea" University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Georgios D Kotzalidis
- Department of Neuroscience, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs (NESMOS), Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University; Unit of Psychiatry, "Sant'Andrea" University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Del Casale
- Department of Neuroscience, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs (NESMOS), Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University; Unit of Psychiatry, "Sant'Andrea" University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
62
|
Cuomo I, Piacentino D, Kotzalidis GD, Lionetto L, De Filippis S. Lacosamide in bipolar disorder: A 30-day comparison to a retrospective control group treated with other antiepileptics. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2018; 72:864-875. [PMID: 30251375 DOI: 10.1111/pcn.12784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Revised: 09/03/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
AIM Bipolar disorder (BD) is often treated with anticonvulsants. Lacosamide has not been tested in BD. We assessed its effects in a hospital setting in patients with BD without epilepsy. METHODS We treated 102 consecutive hospitalized patients with acute BD with lacosamide 50-300 mg/day. We compared this sample with a retrospective sample treated with other antiepileptics (OAE). We rated patients after 3, 7, 15, and 30 days of treatment with the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale, Young Mania Rating Scale, Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale, Clinical Global Impressions - Severity, and Global Assessment of Functioning. RESULTS Patients receiving lacosamide were significantly younger and had fewer mixed episodes at intake, and less substance use disorder comorbidity than those receiving OAE. Both groups showed positive effects on all measures. The two groups did not differ on any clinical measure at baseline, but from the 3rd day on, lacosamide patients fared better than OAE patients on the Young Mania Rating Scale and Clinical Global Impressions - Severity and worse on the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale. From the 15th day, OAE patients scored better on the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale. Global Assessment of Functioning scores were significantly more improved in the lacosamide patients. Age, substance use disorder comorbidity, episode type, and educational level significantly affected results. No interactions were found amongst these parameters. CONCLUSION Lacosamide was effective in reducing psychopathology, mania, depression, and anxiety and in improving global functioning in patients with BD-I/II disorder in the short term, with few side-effects. Lacosamide improved mania, clinical severity, and global functioning better than OAE at doses lower than those used in epilepsy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Cuomo
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Clinica Von Siebenthal Neuropsychiatric Hospital, Rome, Italy.,NESMOS Department, School of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Daria Piacentino
- NESMOS Department, School of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Georgios D Kotzalidis
- NESMOS Department, School of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Luana Lionetto
- Department of Advanced Molecular Analysis, School of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Sergio De Filippis
- NESMOS Department, School of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
63
|
Rapinesi C, D. Kotzalidis G, Del Casale A, Ferrone M, Vento A, Callovini G, Curto M, Ferracuti S, Sani G, Pompili M, Familiari G, Girardi P, Angeletti G. DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOMS, TEMPERAMENT/CHARACTER, AND ATTENTION DEFICIT/HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER TRAITS IN MEDICAL STUDENTS SEEKING COUNSELING. Psychiat Danub 2018; 30:305-309. [DOI: 10.24869/psyd.2018.305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
|
64
|
Kotzalidis GD, Rapinesi C, Savoja V, Cuomo I, Simonetti A, Ambrosi E, Panaccione I, Gubbini S, De Rossi P, De Chiara L, Janiri D, Sani G, Koukopoulos AE, Manfredi G, Napoletano F, Caloro M, Pancheri L, Puzella A, Callovini G, Angeletti G, Del Casale A. Neurobiological Evidence for the Primacy of Mania Hypothesis. Curr Neuropharmacol 2018; 15:339-352. [PMID: 28503105 PMCID: PMC5405607 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x14666160708231216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2016] [Revised: 05/23/2016] [Accepted: 05/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Athanasios Koukopoulos proposed the primacy of mania hypothesis (PoM) in a 2006 book chapter and later, in two peer-reviewed papers with Nassir Ghaemi and other collaborators. This hypothesis supports that in bipolar disorder, mania leads to depression, while depression does not lead to mania. OBJECTIVE To identify evidence in literature that supports or falsifies this hypothesis. METHOD We searched the medical literature (PubMed, Embase, PsycINFO, and the Cochrane Library) for peer-reviewed papers on the primacy of mania, the default mode function of the brain in normal people and in bipolar disorder patients, and on illusion superiority until 6 June, 2016. Papers resulting from searches were considered for appropriateness to our objective. We adopted the PRISMA method for our review. The search for consistency with PoM was filtered through the neurobiological results of superiority illusion studies. RESULTS Out of a grand total of 139 records, 59 were included in our analysis. Of these, 36 were of uncertain value as to the primacy of mania hypothesis, 22 favoured it, and 1 was contrary, but the latter pooled patients in their manic and depressive phases, so to invalidate possible conclusions about its consistency with regard to PoM. All considered studies were not focused on PoM or superiority illusion, hence most of their results were, as expected, unrelated to the circuitry involved in superiority illusion. A considerable amount of evidence is consistent with the hypothesis, although indirectly so. LIMITATIONS Only few studies compared manic with depressive phases, with the majority including patients in euthymia. CONCLUSION It is possible that humans have a natural tendency for elation/optimism and positive self-consideration, that are more akin to mania; the depressive state could be a consequence of frustrated or unsustainable mania. This would be consistent with PoM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Georgios D Kotzalidis
- NESMOS Department, Sapienza University - Rome, School of Medicine and Psychology, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Via di Grottarossa 1035-1039, 00189 Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Rapinesi
- NESMOS Department, Sapienza University - Rome, School of Medicine and Psychology, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Via di Grottarossa 1035-1039, 00189 Rome, Italy
| | - Valeria Savoja
- NESMOS Department, Sapienza University - Rome, School of Medicine and Psychology, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Via di Grottarossa 1035-1039, 00189 Rome, Italy.,ASL Roma 3, Rome, Italy
| | - Ilaria Cuomo
- NESMOS Department, Sapienza University - Rome, School of Medicine and Psychology, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Via di Grottarossa 1035-1039, 00189 Rome, Italy.,Clinica Neuropsichiatrica Villa von Siebenthal, Genzano di Roma (Rome), Italy
| | - Alessio Simonetti
- NESMOS Department, Sapienza University - Rome, School of Medicine and Psychology, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Via di Grottarossa 1035-1039, 00189 Rome, Italy.,Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.,Centro Lucio Bini, Rome, Italy
| | - Elisa Ambrosi
- NESMOS Department, Sapienza University - Rome, School of Medicine and Psychology, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Via di Grottarossa 1035-1039, 00189 Rome, Italy.,Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Isabella Panaccione
- NESMOS Department, Sapienza University - Rome, School of Medicine and Psychology, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Via di Grottarossa 1035-1039, 00189 Rome, Italy.,Centro Lucio Bini, Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Gubbini
- NESMOS Department, Sapienza University - Rome, School of Medicine and Psychology, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Via di Grottarossa 1035-1039, 00189 Rome, Italy.,Centro Lucio Bini, Rome, Italy.,USL Umbria 2, Terni, Italy
| | - Pietro De Rossi
- NESMOS Department, Sapienza University - Rome, School of Medicine and Psychology, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Via di Grottarossa 1035-1039, 00189 Rome, Italy.,Centro Lucio Bini, Rome, Italy
| | - Lavinia De Chiara
- NESMOS Department, Sapienza University - Rome, School of Medicine and Psychology, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Via di Grottarossa 1035-1039, 00189 Rome, Italy.,Centro Lucio Bini, Rome, Italy
| | - Delfina Janiri
- NESMOS Department, Sapienza University - Rome, School of Medicine and Psychology, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Via di Grottarossa 1035-1039, 00189 Rome, Italy
| | - Gabriele Sani
- NESMOS Department, Sapienza University - Rome, School of Medicine and Psychology, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Via di Grottarossa 1035-1039, 00189 Rome, Italy.,Centro Lucio Bini, Rome, Italy
| | - Alexia E Koukopoulos
- NESMOS Department, Sapienza University - Rome, School of Medicine and Psychology, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Via di Grottarossa 1035-1039, 00189 Rome, Italy.,Centro Lucio Bini, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Manfredi
- NESMOS Department, Sapienza University - Rome, School of Medicine and Psychology, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Via di Grottarossa 1035-1039, 00189 Rome, Italy.,Centro Lucio Bini, Rome, Italy
| | - Flavia Napoletano
- Core Trainee in Psychiatry, NELFT (North East London Foundation Trust), London, UK.,King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Department of Psychosis Studies, 16 De Crespigny Park, London SE5 8AF London, UK
| | - Matteo Caloro
- NESMOS Department, Sapienza University - Rome, School of Medicine and Psychology, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Via di Grottarossa 1035-1039, 00189 Rome, Italy
| | | | | | - Gemma Callovini
- NESMOS Department, Sapienza University - Rome, School of Medicine and Psychology, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Via di Grottarossa 1035-1039, 00189 Rome, Italy.,Department of Psychiatry, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Gloria Angeletti
- NESMOS Department, Sapienza University - Rome, School of Medicine and Psychology, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Via di Grottarossa 1035-1039, 00189 Rome, Italy.,Centro Lucio Bini, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Del Casale
- NESMOS Department, Sapienza University - Rome, School of Medicine and Psychology, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Via di Grottarossa 1035-1039, 00189 Rome, Italy.,Department of Psychiatric Rehabilitation, Father A. Mileno Onlus Foundation, San Francesco Institute, Vasto (Chieti), Italy
| |
Collapse
|
65
|
Preti A, Raballo A, Kotzalidis GD, Scanu R, Muratore T, Gabbrielli M, Tronci D, Masala C, Petretto DR, Carta MG. Quick Identification of the Risk of Psychosis: The Italian Version of the Prodromal Questionnaire-Brief. Clin Pract Epidemiol Ment Health 2018; 14:120-131. [PMID: 29997679 PMCID: PMC5971201 DOI: 10.2174/1745017901814010154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2018] [Revised: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Background: Diagnosing people during the prodromal phase of an incipient psychosis can improve the chance of better outcome. In busy clinical settings, the ideal tool is a brief, easy-to-complete self-report questionnaire. Objective: To test the psychometric properties of the Italian version of one of the most used screening tools for the identification of the risk of psychosis, the Prodromal Questionnaire-Brief (PQ-B). Methods: Cross-sectional design. A convenience sample of college students was enrolled via snowball procedure (n=243; men: 45%). After understanding and signing the consent form, the participants received a booklet containing the following questionnaires: the 21-item Prodromal Questionnaire-Brief (PQ-B); the 12-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12), and the 74-item Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire (SPQ). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was used to assess the capacity of the PQ-B to identify individuals at risk of psychosis as independently defined based on the combination of GHQ-12 and SPQ thresholds. Results: The Italian version of the PQ-B revealed good internal consistency, test-retest reliability, and adequate convergent and divergent validity. The Youden method retrieved a cut-off = 7 for the PQ-B frequency score and a cut-off = 22 for the PQ-B distress score. Both PQ-B scores had a perfect (99%) negative predictive value. Conclusion: The PQ-B is a promising screening tool in two-stage protocols. The major advantage of the PQ-B is to exclude cases that are unlikely to be at risk of psychosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Preti
- Center of Liaison Psychiatry and Psychosomatics, University Hospital, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy.,Section on Clinical Psychology, Department of Education, Psychology, Philosophy, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy.,Genneruxi Medical Center, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Andrea Raballo
- Department of Psychology, Psychopathology and Development Research, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
| | - Georgios D Kotzalidis
- NESMOS Department, Sapienza University, School of Medicine and Psychology, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Rosanna Scanu
- Section on Clinical Psychology, Department of Education, Psychology, Philosophy, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Tamara Muratore
- Section on Clinical Psychology, Department of Education, Psychology, Philosophy, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Mersia Gabbrielli
- Section on Clinical Psychology, Department of Education, Psychology, Philosophy, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Debora Tronci
- Section on Clinical Psychology, Department of Education, Psychology, Philosophy, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Carmelo Masala
- Section on Clinical Psychology, Department of Education, Psychology, Philosophy, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Donatella Rita Petretto
- Section on Clinical Psychology, Department of Education, Psychology, Philosophy, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Mauro G Carta
- Center of Liaison Psychiatry and Psychosomatics, University Hospital, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
66
|
Del Casale A, Rapinesi C, Kotzalidis GD, Ferracuti S, Padovano A, Grassi C, Sani G, Girardi P, Pompili M. Neural functional correlates of emotional processing in patients with first-episode psychoses: an activation likelihood estimation (ALE) meta-analysis. Arch Ital Biol 2018; 156:1-11. [PMID: 30039831 DOI: 10.12871/00039829201811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early emotional recognition impairment characterises rst-episode psychoses (FEP) and remains stable thereafter. Patients with FEP consistently show brain activation changes during emotional processing in functional neuroimaging studies. AIM AND METHODS To identify and compare cerebral activation correlates of FEP patients and healthy controls (HCs) during emotional task performances, we performed an Activation Likelihood Estimation (ALE) meta-analysis of peer-reviewed functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies. RESULTS Five studies included 71 patients with FEP and 75 HCs. Within-group analyses showed that HCs activated during emotional task performance the bilateral inferior parietal lobule (BAs 39 and 40), left inferior frontal gyrus (BAs 9 and 47), right amygdala, left middle frontal gyrus (BA 9), right cingulate gyrus (BA 32), and right middle temporal gyrus (BA 21). FEP activations correlating with emotional tasks included the right cuneus (BA 17) and right angular gyrus (BA 39). CONCLUSIONS During emotional task performance, FEP patients fail to activate an extensive brain network comprising emotional processing-related areas, including both cortical and subcortical areas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - C Rapinesi
- Sapienza University, Rome, Italy, School of Medicine and Psychology, NESMOS Department (Neurosciences, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs), Sant'Andrea Hospital, 00189 Rome, Italy -
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
67
|
Girardi P, Del Casale A, Rapinesi C, Kotzalidis GD, Splendori F, Verzura C, Trovini G, Sorice S, Carrus D, Mancinelli I, Comparelli A, De Filippis S, Francomano A, Ballerini A, Marcellusi A, Mennini FS, Ducci G, Sani G, Pompili M, Brugnoli R. Predictive factors of overall functioning improvement in patients with chronic schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder treated with paliperidone palmitate and aripiprazole monohydrate. Hum Psychopharmacol 2018; 33:e2658. [PMID: 29766576 DOI: 10.1002/hup.2658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Revised: 02/22/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Long-acting injectable (LAI) antipsychotics can improve medication adherence and reduce hospitalisation rates compared with oral treatments. Paliperidone palmitate (PAL) and aripiprazole monohydrate (ARI) LAI treatments were associated with improvements in global functioning in patients with schizophrenia. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to assess the predictive factors of better overall functioning in patients with chronic schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder treated with PAL and ARI. METHOD Enrolled were 143 (97 males, 46 females, mean age 38.24 years, SD = 12.65) patients with a diagnosis of schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder, whom we allocated in two groups (PAL and ARI treatments). We assessed global functioning, amount of oral medications, adherence to oral treatment, and number of hospitalisations before LAI introduction and at assessment time point. RESULTS Longer treatment time with LAIs (p < .001), lower number of oral drugs (p < .001), and hospitalisations (p = .002) before LAI introduction, and shorter duration of illness (p = .038) predicted better Global Assessment of Functioning scores in the whole sample (R2 = 0.337). CONCLUSION Early administration and longer duration of ARI or PAL treatments could play a significant role in improving global functioning of patients with schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder. Better improvement in functioning could be achieved with ARI in young individuals with recent illness onset and PAL in patients at risk for recurrent hospitalisations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Girardi
- Department of Neuroscience, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs (NESMOS), Sapienza University, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sant'Andrea University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Del Casale
- Department of Neuroscience, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs (NESMOS), Sapienza University, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sant'Andrea University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Rapinesi
- Department of Neuroscience, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs (NESMOS), Sapienza University, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sant'Andrea University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Georgios D Kotzalidis
- Department of Neuroscience, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs (NESMOS), Sapienza University, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sant'Andrea University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Splendori
- Department of Neuroscience, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs (NESMOS), Sapienza University, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sant'Andrea University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Claudio Verzura
- Residency School in Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Giada Trovini
- Residency School in Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Serena Sorice
- Residency School in Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Dario Carrus
- Mental Health Department, Azienda Sanitaria Locale Viterbo, Viterbo, Italy
| | - Iginia Mancinelli
- Department of Neuroscience, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs (NESMOS), Sapienza University, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sant'Andrea University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Comparelli
- Department of Neuroscience, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs (NESMOS), Sapienza University, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sant'Andrea University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Antonio Francomano
- Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neuroscience, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Andrea Ballerini
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health, Section of Neuroscience, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Andrea Marcellusi
- Faculty of Economics, Centre for Economic and International Studies (CEIS)-Economic Evaluation and HTA (EEHTA), Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco S Mennini
- Faculty of Economics, Centre for Economic and International Studies (CEIS)-Economic Evaluation and HTA (EEHTA), Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Ducci
- Mental Health Department, Azienda Sanitaria Locale Roma 1, Rome, Italy
| | - Gabriele Sani
- Department of Neuroscience, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs (NESMOS), Sapienza University, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sant'Andrea University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Maurizio Pompili
- Department of Neuroscience, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs (NESMOS), Sapienza University, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sant'Andrea University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Roberto Brugnoli
- Department of Neuroscience, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs (NESMOS), Sapienza University, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sant'Andrea University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
68
|
Grassi C, Del Casale A, Ferracuti S, Cucè P, Santorsa R, Pelliccione A, Marotta G, Tavella G, Tatarelli R, Girardi P, Rapinesi C, Kotzalidis GD, Pompili M. How do recruits and superintendents perceive the problem of suicide in the Italian State Police? Ann Ist Super Sanita 2018; 54:82-89. [PMID: 29916411 DOI: 10.4415/ann_18_02_02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Suicide in international police is 2-3-fold that of the general population. Risk factors include suicidal ideation, diagnosis of mood or post-traumatic stress disorders, family/psychological problems, suffered abuse, alcohol use, service suspension, and stigma. A false stigma-related myth is to believe that suicide does not cause concern within military settings. METHODS We administered post-training to 6103 Italian Police workers a 30-item questionnaire to assess the perception of suicidal phenomena. We conducted descriptive statistics, principal component analysis, and analyses of variance of data. RESULTS We identified seven factors, i.e., health and environmental risk factors; need for new preventive interventions; emotional reaction to suicide; negation, indifference and minimization; utility of current preventive interventions; risk related to personal factors; intervention difficulties. CONCLUSIONS The questionnaire showed content validity and consistency in investigating perceptions about suicide in the State Police. Data synthesis showed a mature approach and appropriate perception of the suicide problem on behalf of Italian State Police workers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cinzia Grassi
- Centro di Neurologia e Psicologia Medica, Servizio Operativo Centrale di Sanità, Direzione Centrale Sanità, Dipartimento della Pubblica Sicurezza, Ministero dell'Interno, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Del Casale
- Facoltà di Medicina e Psicologia, Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Salute Mentale e Organi Di Senso - NESMOS, Sapienza Università di Roma; UOC Psichiatria, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Sant'Andrea, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Ferracuti
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze Umane, Sapienza Università di Roma, UOC Risk Management, Qualità e Accreditamento, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Sant'Andrea, Rome, Italy
| | - Petri Cucè
- Centro di Neurologia e Psicologia Medica, Servizio Operativo Centrale di Sanità, Direzione Centrale Sanità, Dipartimento della Pubblica Sicurezza, Ministero dell'Interno, Rome, Italy
| | - Roberto Santorsa
- Direzione Centrale Sanità, Dipartimento della Pubblica Sicurezza, Ministero dell'Interno, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Pelliccione
- Centro di Neurologia e Psicologia Medica, Servizio Operativo Centrale di Sanità, Direzione Centrale Sanità, Dipartimento della Pubblica Sicurezza, Ministero dell'Interno, Rome, Italy
| | - Gemma Marotta
- Dipartimento di Comunicazione e Ricerca Sociale, Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Tavella
- Centro di Neurologia e Psicologia Medica, Servizio Operativo Centrale di Sanità, Direzione Centrale Sanità, Dipartimento della Pubblica Sicurezza, Ministero dell'Interno, Rome, Italy
| | - Roberto Tatarelli
- Facoltà di Medicina e Psicologia, Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Salute Mentale e Organi Di Senso - NESMOS, Sapienza Università di Roma; UOC Psichiatria, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Sant'Andrea, Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Girardi
- Facoltà di Medicina e Psicologia, Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Salute Mentale e Organi Di Senso - NESMOS, Sapienza Università di Roma; UOC Psichiatria, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Sant'Andrea, Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Rapinesi
- Facoltà di Medicina e Psicologia, Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Salute Mentale e Organi Di Senso - NESMOS, Sapienza Università di Roma; UOC Psichiatria, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Sant'Andrea, Rome, Italy
| | - Georgios D Kotzalidis
- Facoltà di Medicina e Psicologia, Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Salute Mentale e Organi Di Senso - NESMOS, Sapienza Università di Roma; UOC Psichiatria, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Sant'Andrea, Rome, Italy
| | - Maurizio Pompili
- Facoltà di Medicina e Psicologia, Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Salute Mentale e Organi Di Senso - NESMOS, Sapienza Università di Roma; UOC Psichiatria, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Sant'Andrea, Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
69
|
Mazzilli R, Angeletti G, Olana S, Delfino M, Zamponi V, Rapinesi C, Del Casale A, Kotzalidis GD, Elia J, Callovini G, Girardi P, Mazzilli F. Erectile dysfunction in patients taking psychotropic drugs and treated with phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors. Arch Ital Urol Androl 2018; 90:44-48. [PMID: 29633797 DOI: 10.4081/aiua.2018.1.44] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2017] [Revised: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of patients with Erectile Dysfunction (ED) receiving psychotropic drugs, the impact of these drugs on hormonal profile, and the efficacy of PDE5-i in these patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS We recruited 1872 patients referring for ED to our Andrology Unit. Assessment included serum testosterone, gonadotropins, TSH, prolactin, and PSA, and the IIEF-5 questionnaire for ED diagnosis. Inclusion criteria were age 21-75 years and IIEF-5 total score ≤ 21; exclusion criteria included hypogonadism, diabetes mellitus, previous prostatectomy, other medication intake, and ED diagnosis prior to psychotropic drug treatment. Efficacy was rated with the IIEF-5 (remission: total score ≥ 22). RESULTS The prevalence of ED patients treated with psychotropic drugs since ≥ 3 months was 9.5% (178/1872), subdivided according to the drugs used into: Group A, 16 patients treated with atypical antipsychotics (9.0%); Group B, 55 patients with benzodiazepines (30.9%); Group C, 33 patients with antidepressant drugs (18.5%); and Group D, 74 patients with multiple psychotropic drugs (41.6%). Patients in Group A were significantly younger than other groups (p < 0.05). The hormonal profile presented only higher prolactin level in patients treated with antipsychotics, alone or in combination (p < 0.05). Overall, 146 patients received PDE5-i. Remission rate, after three months of treatment, was significantly higher in Group B compared to C and D groups (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS A substantial portion of patients receiving psychotropic drugs show ED. Sexual performance in these patients benefits from PDE5-i. Age, effects of psychiatric disorders, psychotropic drugs, and PDE5-i treatment modality accounted for variability of response in this sample.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rossella Mazzilli
- Andrology Unit, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, School of Medicine and Psychology, Rome.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
70
|
Rapinesi C, Kotzalidis GD, Ferracuti S, Girardi N, Zangen A, Sani G, Raccah RN, Girardi P, Pompili M, Del Casale A. Add-on high frequency deep transcranial magnetic stimulation (dTMS) to bilateral prefrontal cortex in depressive episodes of patients with major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder I, and major depressive with alcohol use disorders. Neurosci Lett 2018; 671:128-132. [PMID: 29454034 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2018.02.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2017] [Revised: 02/07/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) is critically involved in mood and alcohol use disorders. OBJECTIVE We aimed to investigate the safety of intervention with add-on bilateral prefrontal high-frequency deep transcranial magnetic stimulation (dTMS) and between-group differences in treatment response in patients with different types of depressive episodes, including major depressive episodes in the course of major depressive disorder (MDD), bipolar disorder, type I (BD-I), and MDD with alcohol use disorder (MDAUD). METHODS We conducted a 6-month open-label study, involving 82 patients with DSM-5 Depressive Episode. Of these, 41 had diagnosis of MDD, 20 BD-I, and 21 MDAUD. All patients received standard drug treatment and add-on dTMS over the bilateral DLPFC with left prevalence for four weeks, with five sessions in each week. We rated mood state with the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS) at baseline, one-month, and six-month follow-up visits. RESULTS Mean total HDRS scores dropped from 22.8 (SD = 5.9) at baseline to 10.4 (SD = 3.6) at 1 month, to 10.0 (SD = 4.5) at 6 months, while response/remission were 70.73% (N = 58) and 19.51% (N = 16) at 1 month and 76.83% (N = 63) and 32.93% (27) at 6 months, respectively, with no between-group differences. No patient experienced any side effects. CONCLUSIONS High-frequency DLPFC dTMS was well tolerated and did not significantly differ on improvement of depression in MDD, BD-I, and MDAUD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Rapinesi
- Neurosciences, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs (NESMOS) Department, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University; Sant'Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy.
| | - Georgios D Kotzalidis
- Neurosciences, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs (NESMOS) Department, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University; Sant'Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Ferracuti
- Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, Sapienza University; Sant'Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Girardi
- Neurosciences, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs (NESMOS) Department, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University; Sant'Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy; Unit of Psychiatry, "Umberto I" University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Abraham Zangen
- Department of Life Sciences, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Be'er Sheva, Israel
| | - Gabriele Sani
- Neurosciences, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs (NESMOS) Department, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University; Sant'Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy; Lucio Bini Center, Aretæus Onlus, Rome, Italy
| | - Ruggero N Raccah
- ATID Ltd Advanced Technology Innovation Distribution, Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Girardi
- Neurosciences, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs (NESMOS) Department, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University; Sant'Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy; Lucio Bini Center, Aretæus Onlus, Rome, Italy
| | - Maurizio Pompili
- Neurosciences, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs (NESMOS) Department, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University; Sant'Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Del Casale
- Neurosciences, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs (NESMOS) Department, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University; Sant'Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | | |
Collapse
|
71
|
Cuomo I, Kotzalidis GD, de Persis S, Piacentino D, Perrini F, Amici E, De Filippis S. Head-to-head comparison of 1-year aripiprazole long-acting injectable (LAI) versus paliperidone LAI in comorbid psychosis and substance use disorder: impact on clinical status, substance craving, and quality of life. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2018; 14:1645-1656. [PMID: 29950846 PMCID: PMC6016599 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s171002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To overcome nonadherence in patients with psychosis switch to long-acting injectable (LAI) antipsychotic formulations is adopted. Most oral versus LAI comparisons showed similar antipsychotic responses. Psychoses often overlap with substance use disorder (SUD). Head-to-head LAI comparisons have hitherto focused only on non-comorbid populations. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to compare two LAIs, administered for 12 months, in initially hospitalized patients with psychosis comorbid with SUD in their clinical and quality of life (QoL) outcomes. PATIENTS AND METHODS Inpatients were recruited during 2016 and switched randomly to 400 mg intramuscular aripiprazole monohydrate (AM) (N=50) or to 100 mg intramuscular paliperidone palmitate (PP) once-monthly (N=51); patients were discharged and followed up for 12 months. Patients were rated at baseline and after 1 year through the Clinical Global Impression scale - severity (CGIs), substance craving intensity was rated through a visual analog scale for substance craving, and QoL through the World Health Organization (WHOQOL-BREF) scale. We addressed confounders with backward stepwise logistic regression and three-way analysis of variance. RESULTS PP were older and had more cases of schizophrenia spectrum and less bipolar disorders than AM, but AM had a stronger craving for substances at baseline. Both LAIs were associated with significant improvements in all outcomes, with AM displaying stronger effect sizes than PP. The two groups did not differ on baseline WHOQOL-BREF scores in any domain, but at the 1-year follow-up, AM fared better on all domains. The two groups did not differ in final severity, but PP scored higher than AM in craving at the 1-year endpoint.Limitation: The CGIs is not a refined tool for severity and the substance craving may be subject to recall bias. CONCLUSION 1-year AM and PP was followed by improved clinical status and QoL and reduced substance craving in a population with psychosis and SUD comorbidity. AM, compared to PP, improved craving and QoL at the 1-year follow-up.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Cuomo
- Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs (NESMOS), Sapienza School of Medicine and Psychology, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy.,Department of Neuropsychiatry, Villa von Siebenthal Neuropsychiatric Hospital and Clinic, Genzano di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Georgios D Kotzalidis
- Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs (NESMOS), Sapienza School of Medicine and Psychology, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Simone de Persis
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Villa von Siebenthal Neuropsychiatric Hospital and Clinic, Genzano di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Daria Piacentino
- Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs (NESMOS), Sapienza School of Medicine and Psychology, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Filippo Perrini
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Villa von Siebenthal Neuropsychiatric Hospital and Clinic, Genzano di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Emanuela Amici
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Villa von Siebenthal Neuropsychiatric Hospital and Clinic, Genzano di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Sergio De Filippis
- Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs (NESMOS), Sapienza School of Medicine and Psychology, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy.,Department of Neuropsychiatry, Villa von Siebenthal Neuropsychiatric Hospital and Clinic, Genzano di Roma, Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
72
|
Del Casale A, Rapinesi C, Kotzalidis GD, Sorice S, Padovano A, Gentile G, Angeletti G, Ferracuti S, Sani G, Pompili M, Simmaco M, Girardi P. Stable Remission of Multiple Chemical Sensitivity Syndrome and Major Depression With Citalopram and 1-Month Deep Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation: A Case Report. J ECT 2017; 33:e27-e29. [PMID: 28570499 DOI: 10.1097/yct.0000000000000420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Del Casale
- Department of Neuroscience, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs (NESMOS), School of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University and Unit of Psychiatry, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Rome and Department of Psychiatric Rehabilitation, P. Alberto Mileno Onlus Foundation, San Francesco Institute, Vasto, Chieti, Italy, Department of Neuroscience, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs (NESMOS), School of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy. Department of Neuroscience, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs (NESMOS), School of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University and Unit of Psychiatry, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy Department of Neuroscience, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs (NESMOS), School of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University and Advanced Molecular Diagnostics Unit (DiMA), Sant'Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy Department of Neuroscience, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs (NESMOS), School of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University and Unit of Psychiatry, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy Department of Neuroscience, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs (NESMOS), School of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University and Unit of Psychiatry, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy Department of Neuroscience, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs (NESMOS), School of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University and Advanced Molecular Diagnostics Unit (DiMA), Sant'Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy Department of Neuroscience, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs (NESMOS), School of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University and Unit of Psychiatry, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
73
|
Brugnoli R, Rapinesi C, Kotzalidis GD, Marcellusi A, Mennini FS, De Filippis S, Carrus D, Ballerini A, Francomano A, Ducci G, Del Casale A, Girardi P. Model of Management (Mo.Ma) for the patient with schizophrenia: crisis control, maintenance, relapse prevention, and recovery with long-acting injectable antipsychotics (LAIs). Riv Psichiatr 2017; 51:47-59. [PMID: 27183509 DOI: 10.1708/2246.24194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Schizophrenia is a severe mental disease that affects approximately 1% of the population with a relevant chronic impact on social and occupational functioning and daily activities. People with schizophrenia are 2-2.5 times more likely to die early than the general population. Non-adherence to antipsychotic medications, both in chronic and first episode schizophrenia, is one of the most important risk factors for relapse and hospitalization, that consequently contributes to increased costs due to psychiatric hospitalization. Atypical long-acting injectable (LAI) antipsychotics can improve treatment adherence and decrease re-hospitalization rates in patients with schizophrenia since its onset. The primary goals in the management of schizophrenia are directed not only at symptom reduction in the short and long term, but also at maintaining physical and mental functioning, improving quality of life, and promoting patient recovery. AIM To propose a scientific evidence-based integrated model that provides an algorithm for recovery of patients with schizophrenia and to investigate the effectiveness and safety of antipsychotics LAI in the treatment, maintenance, relapse prevention, and recovery of schizophrenia. METHODS After an accurate literature review we identified, collected and analyzed the crucial points in taking care schizophrenia patients, through which we defined the steps described in the model of management and the choice of the better treatment option. Results. In the management model we propose, the choice of a second generation long acting antipsychotic, could allow from the earliest stages of illness better patient management, especially for young individuals with schizophrenia onset, a better recovery and significant reductions of relapse and health care costs. LAI formulations of antipsychotics are valuable, because they help patients to remain adherent to their medication through regular contact with healthcare professionals and to prevent covert non-adherence. CONCLUSIONS The proposed schizophrenia model of management could allow better patient management and recovery, in which the treatment with LAI formulation is a safe and effective therapeutic option. This new therapeutic approach could change the cost structure of schizophrenia by decreasing costs with efficient economic resource allocation guaranteed from efficient diagnostic and therapeutic pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Brugnoli
- NESMOS Department (Neurosciences, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs), Sapienza University of Rome, School of Medicine and Psychology; Sant'Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Rapinesi
- NESMOS Department (Neurosciences, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs), Sapienza University of Rome, School of Medicine and Psychology; Sant'Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Georgios D Kotzalidis
- NESMOS Department (Neurosciences, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs), Sapienza University of Rome, School of Medicine and Psychology; Sant'Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Marcellusi
- Faculty of Economics, Centre for Economic and International Studies (CEIS)-Economic Evaluation and HTA (EEHTA), University of Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco S Mennini
- Faculty of Economics, Centre for Economic and International Studies (CEIS)-Economic Evaluation and HTA (EEHTA), University of Rome, Italy
| | - Sergio De Filippis
- NESMOS Department (Neurosciences, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs), Sapienza University of Rome, School of Medicine and Psychology; Sant'Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy - Villa von Siebenthal Neuropsychiatric, Clinic and Hospital Rome, Italy
| | - Dario Carrus
- NESMOS Department (Neurosciences, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs), Sapienza University of Rome, School of Medicine and Psychology; Sant'Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy - ASL VT, Viterbo, Italy
| | - Andrea Ballerini
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health, Section of Neuroscience, University of Florence, Italy
| | - Antonio Francomano
- Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neuroscience, University of Palermo, Italy
| | | | - Antonio Del Casale
- NESMOS Department (Neurosciences, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs), Sapienza University of Rome, School of Medicine and Psychology; Sant'Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy - Department of Psychiatric Rehabilitation, Fondazione ''P. Alberto Mileno Onlus'', Vasto (CH), Italy
| | - Paolo Girardi
- NESMOS Department (Neurosciences, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs), Sapienza University of Rome, School of Medicine and Psychology; Sant'Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
74
|
Cuomo I, Kotzalidis GD, De Filippis S. Clinical stabilisation with lacosamide of mood disorder comorbid with PTSD and fronto-temporal epilepsy. Acta Biomed 2017; 88:185-189. [PMID: 28845834 PMCID: PMC6166152 DOI: 10.23750/abm.v88i2.5232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2016] [Revised: 11/10/2016] [Accepted: 09/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Background and aim of the work: Mood disorders are often complicated by comorbidity with epilepsy. Anxiety and personality disorders may worsen prognosis and treatment outcome. Lacosamide has been recently introduced as adjunctive treatment for partial epilepsy. Its mechanism consists of selective slow inactivation of voltage-gated sodium channels, thus promoting an extended stabilisation of cell membranes. Antiepileptic drugs have been largely used since the 1950s in psychiatry as mood stabilisers due to their membrane stabilising and anti-kindling effects. Like lithium, antiepileptic drugs are first choice treatment for Bipolar and Cyclothymic Disorders. Methods: We tested the efficacy of the most recent antiepileptic medication, lacosamide, in a patient with simultaneously occurring cyclothymic disorder, severe post-traumatic stress disorder, and fronto-temporal epilepsy. Lacosamide was titrated up to 200 mg/day, added to ongoing 750 mg/day lithium, 15 mg/day oral aripiprazole then switched to 400 mg/month long-acting aripiprazole, and 2 mg/day A-desmethyldiazepam. Results: We observed EEG normalisation one month later, along with reduced anxiety and an additive effect to lithium-induced stabilisation of mood fluctuations since the second week of lacosamide addition. Conclusions: Further studies with this drug in the bipolar spectrum are warranted. (www.actabiomedica.it)
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Cuomo
- Villa Von Siebenthal, Via della Madonnina, 1, Genzano di Roma NESMOS, Azienda Ospedaliera Sant'Andrea, Via Grottarossa 1035-1039, Università Sapienza di Roma.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
75
|
Piacentino D, Kotzalidis GD, Longo L, Pavan A, Stivali L, Stivali G, Ferracuti S, Brugnoli R, Frati P, Fineschi V, Girardi P, Sani G. Body Image and Eating Disorders are Common among Professional and Amateur Athletes Using Performance and Image Enhancing Drugs: A Cross-Sectional Study. J Psychoactive Drugs 2017; 49:373-384. [PMID: 28777732 DOI: 10.1080/02791072.2017.1359708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The use of performance and image enhancing drugs (PIEDs) is not uncommon in athletes and appears to be associated with several psychopathological disorders of unclear prevalence. In this multicenter, cross-sectional study, we aimed to evaluate the prevalence of body image disorders (BIDs) and eating disorders (EDs) in PIED-using athletes vs. PIED nonusers. We enrolled 84 consecutive professional and amateur athletes training in sport centers in Italy, who underwent semi-structured interviews (SCID-I, SCID-II) and completed the Body Image Concern Inventory (BICI) and the Sick, Control, One, Fat, Food Eating Disorder Screening Test (SCOFF). PIEDs were searched for in participants' blood, urine, and hair. Of these, 18 (21.4%) used PIEDs, the most common being anabolic androgenic steroids, amphetamine-like substances, coffee and caffeine derivatives, synthetic cathinones, and ephedrine. PIED users and nonusers did not differ in socio-demographic characteristics, but differed in clinical and psychopathological features, with PIED users being characterized by higher physical activity levels, higher daily coffee and psychotropic medication use (e.g., benzodiazepines), more SCID diagnoses of psychiatric disorders, especially substance use disorder, body dysmorphic disorder (BDD), EDs, and general anxiety disorder, higher BICI scores (indicating higher risk of BDD), and higher SCOFF scores (suggesting higher risks for BIDs and EDs).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daria Piacentino
- a Professor, NESMOS (Neuroscience, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs) Department , Sapienza-University of Rome , Rome , Italy.,b Resident, Department of Psychiatry , San Maurizio Hospital, Sanitary Agency of South Tyrol , Bolzano-Bozen , Italy
| | - Georgios D Kotzalidis
- a Professor, NESMOS (Neuroscience, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs) Department , Sapienza-University of Rome , Rome , Italy
| | - Livia Longo
- a Professor, NESMOS (Neuroscience, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs) Department , Sapienza-University of Rome , Rome , Italy
| | - Antonio Pavan
- c Professor, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Immunohematology and Transfusion Medicine Service , Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza-University of Rome , Rome , Italy
| | | | - Guido Stivali
- e Colonel, Aerospace Medicine Institute of the Italian Armed Forces , Milan , Italy
| | - Stefano Ferracuti
- a Professor, NESMOS (Neuroscience, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs) Department , Sapienza-University of Rome , Rome , Italy
| | - Roberto Brugnoli
- a Professor, NESMOS (Neuroscience, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs) Department , Sapienza-University of Rome , Rome , Italy
| | - Paola Frati
- f Professor, Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic and Orthopedic Sciences , Sapienza-University of Rome , Rome , Italy
| | - Vittorio Fineschi
- f Professor, Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic and Orthopedic Sciences , Sapienza-University of Rome , Rome , Italy
| | - Paolo Girardi
- a Professor, NESMOS (Neuroscience, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs) Department , Sapienza-University of Rome , Rome , Italy
| | - Gabriele Sani
- a Professor, NESMOS (Neuroscience, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs) Department , Sapienza-University of Rome , Rome , Italy
| |
Collapse
|
76
|
Lo Cascio N, Curto M, Pasqualetti P, Lindau JF, Girardi N, Saba R, Brandizzi M, Monducci E, Masillo A, Colafrancesco G, Solfanelli A, De Crescenzo F, Kotzalidis GD, Dario C, Ferrara M, Vicari S, Girardi P, Auther AM, Cornblatt BA, Correll CU, Fiori Nastro P. Impairment in Social Functioning differentiates youth meeting Ultra-High Risk for psychosis criteria from other mental health help-seekers: A validation of the Italian version of the Global Functioning: Social and Global Functioning: Role scales. Psychiatry Res 2017; 253:296-302. [PMID: 28412612 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2017.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2016] [Revised: 02/26/2017] [Accepted: 04/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Social and occupational impairments are present in the schizophrenia prodrome, and poor social functioning predicts transition to psychosis in Ultra-High Risk (UHR) individuals. We aimed to: 1) validate the Italian version of the Global Functioning: Social (GF: S) and Global Functioning: Role (GF: S) scales; 2) evaluate their association with UHR criteria. Participants were 12-21-years-old (age, mean=15.2, standard deviation=2.1, male/female ratio=117/120) nonpsychotic help-seekers, meeting (N=39) or not (N=198) UHR criteria. Inter-rater reliability was excellent for both scales, which also showed good to excellent concurrent validity, as measured by correlation with Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF) scores. Furthermore, GF:S and GF: R were able to discriminate between UHRs and non-UHRs, with UHRs having lower current scores. After adjusting for current GAF scores, only current GF:S scores independently differentiated UHR from non-UHR (OR=1.33, 95%CI: 1.02-1.75, p=0.033). Finally, UHR participants showed a steeper decrease from highest GF:S and GF: R scores in the past year to their respective current scores, but not from highest past year GAF scores to current scores. GF:S/GS: R scores were not affected by age or sex. GF:S/GF: R are useful functional level and outcome measures, having the advantage over the GAF to not confound functioning with symptom severity. Additionally, the GF:S may be helpful in identifying UHR individuals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nella Lo Cascio
- Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy; Department of Neurosciences and Neurorehabilitation, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy.
| | - Martina Curto
- Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Patrizio Pasqualetti
- Department of Neurosciences and Neurorehabilitation, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy; Service of Medical Statistics and Information Technology, Fatebenefratelli Foundation for Health Research and Education, AFaR Division, Rome, Italy
| | - Juliana Fortes Lindau
- Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Functions (NESMOS) Department, School of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University - Rome, Acute Psychiatric Care Unit, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Girardi
- Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Riccardo Saba
- Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Martina Brandizzi
- Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Elena Monducci
- Department of Neurosciences and Neurorehabilitation, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Alice Masillo
- Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Giada Colafrancesco
- Pediatrics and Pediatric Neuropsychiatry Department, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Solfanelli
- Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Functions (NESMOS) Department, School of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University - Rome, Acute Psychiatric Care Unit, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Franco De Crescenzo
- Department of Neurosciences and Neurorehabilitation, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy; Institute of Psychiatry and Psychology, Catholic University Medical School, Agostino Gemelli Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Georgios D Kotzalidis
- Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Functions (NESMOS) Department, School of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University - Rome, Acute Psychiatric Care Unit, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Claudia Dario
- Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Mauro Ferrara
- Pediatrics and Pediatric Neuropsychiatry Department, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Vicari
- Department of Neurosciences and Neurorehabilitation, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Girardi
- Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Functions (NESMOS) Department, School of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University - Rome, Acute Psychiatric Care Unit, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea M Auther
- The Zucker Hillside Hospital Department of Psychiatry, Northwell Health, Glen Oaks, NY, USA; Hofstra Northwell School of Medicine, Hofstra University, Hempstead, NY, USA
| | - Barbara A Cornblatt
- The Zucker Hillside Hospital Department of Psychiatry, Northwell Health, Glen Oaks, NY, USA; Hofstra Northwell School of Medicine, Hofstra University, Hempstead, NY, USA; The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, USA
| | - Christoph U Correll
- The Zucker Hillside Hospital Department of Psychiatry, Northwell Health, Glen Oaks, NY, USA; Hofstra Northwell School of Medicine, Hofstra University, Hempstead, NY, USA; The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, USA
| | - Paolo Fiori Nastro
- Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
77
|
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Sani
- NESMOS Department (Neurosciences, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs), Sapienza University of Rome, School of Medicine and Psychology, Sant’Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy
- Centro Lucio Bini, Rome, Italy
| | - Georgios D. Kotzalidis
- NESMOS Department (Neurosciences, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs), Sapienza University of Rome, School of Medicine and Psychology, Sant’Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Girardi
- NESMOS Department (Neurosciences, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs), Sapienza University of Rome, School of Medicine and Psychology, Sant’Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy
- Centro Lucio Bini, Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
78
|
Sani G, Simonetti A, Reginaldi D, Koukopoulos AE, Del Casale A, Manfredi G, Kotzalidis GD, Girardi P. Free Interval Duration: Clinical Evidence of the Primary Role of Excitement in Bipolar Disorder. Curr Neuropharmacol 2017; 15:394-401. [PMID: 28503111 PMCID: PMC5405609 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x14666160607085851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2016] [Revised: 02/22/2016] [Accepted: 05/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cyclicity is the essential feature of Bipolar disorder, but the effect of different cycle patterns on the clinical features is poorly understood. Moreover, no studies investigated the relationship between mania and depression inside the manic-depressive cycle. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study is to verify the presence of a relationship between the manic and the depressive phase during the course of bipolar disorder. METHOD 160 consecutive patients with BD type I were recruited and followed for a mean period of 10 years. During the follow-up period, four types of euthymic phases were collected: free intervals present between a depressive and a manic/hypomanic episode (D-M); free intervals present between a manic/hypomanic and a depressive episode (M-D); free intervals present between two depressive episodes (D-D); free intervals present between two manic/hypomanic episodes (M-M). One-way ANOVA using the groups as independent variable and the duration of the free intervals as dependent variables was used. Furthermore, ANOVA was followed by Fisher's Protected Least Significant Difference post-hoc test to measure between-group differences. RESULTS M-D-free interval phases were shorter than D-M-free intervals. M-D intervals were the shortest ones, the D-D and D-M did not differ, and the M-M were the longest. CONCLUSION The strict temporal link between manic and depressive phases supports the idea that the manic-depressive cycle usually begins with a manic episode, and that the subsequent depression is often the consequence of subsiding mania.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Sani
- NESMOS Department (Neurosciences, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs), Sapienza University of Rome, School of Medicine and Psychology, Sant’Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy
- Centro Lucio Bini, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessio Simonetti
- NESMOS Department (Neurosciences, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs), Sapienza University of Rome, School of Medicine and Psychology, Sant’Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy
- Centro Lucio Bini, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Alexia E. Koukopoulos
- NESMOS Department (Neurosciences, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs), Sapienza University of Rome, School of Medicine and Psychology, Sant’Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy
- Centro Lucio Bini, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Del Casale
- NESMOS Department (Neurosciences, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs), Sapienza University of Rome, School of Medicine and Psychology, Sant’Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Manfredi
- NESMOS Department (Neurosciences, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs), Sapienza University of Rome, School of Medicine and Psychology, Sant’Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy
- Centro Lucio Bini, Rome, Italy
| | - Georgios D. Kotzalidis
- NESMOS Department (Neurosciences, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs), Sapienza University of Rome, School of Medicine and Psychology, Sant’Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Girardi
- NESMOS Department (Neurosciences, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs), Sapienza University of Rome, School of Medicine and Psychology, Sant’Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy
- Centro Lucio Bini, Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
79
|
Del Casale A, Kotzalidis GD, Rapinesi C, Sorice S, Girardi N, Ferracuti S, Girardi P. Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Correlates of First-Episode Psychoses during Attentional and Memory Task Performance. Neuropsychobiology 2017; 74:22-31. [PMID: 27698323 DOI: 10.1159/000448620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2016] [Accepted: 07/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The nature of the alteration of the response to cognitive tasks in first-episode psychosis (FEP) still awaits clarification. We used activation likelihood estimation, an increasingly used method in evaluating normal and pathological brain function, to identify activation changes in functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies of FEP during attentional and memory tasks. METHODS We included 11 peer-reviewed fMRI studies assessing FEP patients versus healthy controls (HCs) during performance of attentional and memory tasks. RESULTS Our database comprised 290 patients with FEP, matched with 316 HCs. Between-group analyses showed that HCs, compared to FEP patients, exhibited hyperactivation of the right middle frontal gyrus (Brodmann area, BA, 9), right inferior parietal lobule (BA 40), and right insula (BA 13) during attentional task performances and hyperactivation of the left insula (BA 13) during memory task performances. CONCLUSIONS Right frontal, parietal, and insular dysfunction during attentional task performance and left insular dysfunction during memory task performance are significant neural functional FEP correlates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Del Casale
- Department of Neuroscience, Mental Health and Sensory Organs (NESMOS), School of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
80
|
De Filippis S, Cuomo I, Kotzalidis GD, Pucci D, Zingaretti P, Porrari R, Fini C, Motta P, Caloro M, Girardi P. Does the efficacy of asenapine in bipolar disorder increase in the presence of comorbidity with a substance use disorder? A naturalistic study. Ther Adv Psychopharmacol 2017; 7:67-77. [PMID: 28255436 PMCID: PMC5315229 DOI: 10.1177/2045125316674698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Asenapine is a second-generation antipsychotic approved in Europe for treating moderate-to-severe manic episodes in adults affected by type I bipolar disorder (BD-I). We aimed to compare its efficacy in psychiatric inpatients with BD-I, with or without substance use disorder (SUD). METHODS We administered flexible asenapine doses ranging from 5-20 mg/day to 119 voluntarily hospitalized patients with Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th Edition, Text Revision (DSM-IV-TR) BD-I diagnosis, with or without SUD. Patients were assessed with clinician-rated questionnaires [i.e. Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS), Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS), Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS), Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HARS), and Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF)]. Assessments were carried out at baseline (T0, prior to treatment), and 3 (T1), 7 (T2), 15 (T3), and 30 days (T4) after starting treatment for all clinical scales and at T0 and T4 for the GAF. RESULTS Patients improved on all scales (p < 0.001) across all timepoints, as shown both by paired-sample comparisons and by applying a repeated-measures, generalized linear model (GLM). Patients without comorbid SUD showed greater reductions in BPRS scores at T2 and T3, greater reduction in YMRS scores at T3, and lower HARS scores at all timepoints. HDRS scores did not differ between the two groups at any timepoint. However, the reduction in HARS scores in the comorbid group was stronger than in the BD-I only group, albeit not significantly. Side effects were few and mild-to-moderate. CONCLUSIONS The open-label design and the relatively short observation period may expose to both type I and type II statistical errors (false positive and false negatives). Asenapine showed effectiveness and safety in hospitalized BD-I patients. Its effect was stronger in patients without comorbid SUD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sergio De Filippis
- Villa von Siebenthal, Genzano di Roma, Italy Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs (NESMOS), School of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Ilaria Cuomo
- Villa von Siebenthal Neuropsychiatric Clinic, Genzano di Roma, Via della Madonnina 1, 00045 Genzano di Roma, Italy
| | - Georgios D. Kotzalidis
- Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs (NESMOS), School of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Daniela Pucci
- Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs (NESMOS), School of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | - Camilla Fini
- Villa von Siebenthal, Genzano di Roma, Italy Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs (NESMOS), School of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Motta
- Villa von Siebenthal, Genzano di Roma, Italy
| | - Matteo Caloro
- Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs (NESMOS), School of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Girardi
- Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs (NESMOS), School of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
81
|
Del Casale A, Kotzalidis GD, Rapinesi C, Di Pietro S, Alessi MC, Di Cesare G, Criscuolo S, De Rossi P, Tatarelli R, Girardi P, Ferracuti S. Functional Neuroimaging in Psychopathy. Neuropsychobiology 2016; 72:97-117. [PMID: 26560748 DOI: 10.1159/000441189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2014] [Accepted: 08/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Psychopathy is associated with cognitive and affective deficits causing disruptive, harmful and selfish behaviour. These have considerable societal costs due to recurrent crime and property damage. A better understanding of the neurobiological bases of psychopathy could improve therapeutic interventions, reducing the related social costs. To analyse the major functional neural correlates of psychopathy, we reviewed functional neuroimaging studies conducted on persons with this condition. METHODS We searched the PubMed database for papers dealing with functional neuroimaging and psychopathy, with a specific focus on how neural functional changes may correlate with task performances and human behaviour. RESULTS Psychopathy-related behavioural disorders consistently correlated with dysfunctions in brain areas of the orbitofrontal-limbic (emotional processing and somatic reaction to emotions; behavioural planning and responsibility taking), anterior cingulate-orbitofrontal (correct assignment of emotional valence to social stimuli; violent/aggressive behaviour and challenging attitude) and prefrontal-temporal-limbic (emotional stimuli processing/response) networks. Dysfunctional areas more consistently included the inferior frontal, orbitofrontal, dorsolateral prefrontal, ventromedial prefrontal, temporal (mainly the superior temporal sulcus) and cingulated cortices, the insula, amygdala, ventral striatum and other basal ganglia. CONCLUSIONS Emotional processing and learning, and several social and affective decision-making functions are impaired in psychopathy, which correlates with specific changes in neural functions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Del Casale
- Department of Neuroscience, Mental Health and Sensory Organs (NESMOS), School of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University, and Unit of Psychiatry, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
82
|
Caloro M, Calabrò G, Kotzalidis GD, Cuomo I, Corkery JM, Vento AE, Lionetto L, De Filippis S, Ranieri V, Lonati D, Locatelli CA, de Pisa E, Di Tommaso A, Girardi P, Schifano F. Use of benzylglycinamide by a HIV-seropositive polysubstance user: The changing pattern of novel psychoactive substance use among youths. Addict Behav 2016; 60:53-7. [PMID: 27088514 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2016.03.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2015] [Revised: 02/22/2016] [Accepted: 03/29/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
A 24-year old woman with multisubstance use since the age of 13, including opioids and cocaine, and long-standing HIV/HCV seropositivity status, presented with psychosis, agitation, and insomnia at the emergency department of a university hospital. She had been abusive and physically aggressive frequently without specific reasons and was involved in criminal legal cases. She was hospitalized twice. During her first hospital stay she experienced a brief episode of detachment from her environment, similar to episodes reportedly suffered at home. Psychosis had developed following heavy polysubstance abuse. Her mother provided sachets containing benzylglycinamide, a substance with no known psychotropic effects, which were also present in the patient's urine. She was occasionally positive for cannabinoids. She used to buy various novel psychoactive substances (NPSs) from the internet and used experimentally various substances freely made available to her by drug suppliers/dealers. She was unable to explain clearly why she was taking any of the identified NPS. She stated she was taking benzylglycinamide to calm her when smoking synthetic cannabinoids. While it appears that benzylglycinamide is not likely to constitute a novel drug of abuse, her polysubstance use exemplifies trends in NPS use patterns among the youths in the Western world and should alert mental health workers as to the possible dangers of such behavior and its reflection on social behavior and psychopathology.
Collapse
|
83
|
Rapinesi C, Del Casale A, Di Pietro S, Ferri VR, Piacentino D, Sani G, Raccah RN, Zangen A, Ferracuti S, Vento AE, Angeletti G, Brugnoli R, Kotzalidis GD, Girardi P. Add-on high frequency deep transcranial magnetic stimulation (dTMS) to bilateral prefrontal cortex reduces cocaine craving in patients with cocaine use disorder. Neurosci Lett 2016; 629:43-47. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2016.06.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2016] [Revised: 06/16/2016] [Accepted: 06/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
|
84
|
Del Casale A, Rapinesi C, Kotzalidis GD, De Rossi P, Curto M, Janiri D, Criscuolo S, Alessi MC, Ferri VR, De Giorgi R, Sani G, Ferracuti S, Girardi P, Brugnoli R. Executive functions in obsessive-compulsive disorder: An activation likelihood estimate meta-analysis of fMRI studies. World J Biol Psychiatry 2016; 17:378-93. [PMID: 26642972 DOI: 10.3109/15622975.2015.1102323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To identify activation changes assessed in functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) through Activation Likelihood Estimate meta-analysis. METHODS We included 28 peer-reviewed standard stereotactic space studies assessing adult OCD patients (OCDpts) vs. healthy controls (HCs) with fMRI during executive task performance. RESULTS In within-group analyses, HCs showed task-related activations in bilateral inferior frontal gyri, right middle frontal gyrus, right inferior parietal lobule, right claustrum, bilateral cingulate gyri, and left caudate body. OCDpts showed task-related left-sided activations in the superior, medial, and inferior frontal gyri, and thalamus, and bilateral activations in the middle frontal gyri, inferior parietal lobule, and insular cortices. Subtraction analysis showed increased left middle frontal gyrus activation in OCDpts. In between-groups analyses, OCDpts hypoactivated the right caudate body, left putamen, left ACC, and right medial and middle frontal gyri. Right caudate hypoactivation persisted also after applying Family-wise error algorithms. CONCLUSIONS This meta-analysis confirms that during executive functioning OCDpts show a functional deficit of the right caudate body, which could represent a major neural functional correlate of their illness.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Del Casale
- a Department of Neuroscience, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs (NESMOS) , School of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University; Unit of Psychiatry, Sant'andrea Hospital , Rome , Italy ;,b Department of Psychiatric Rehabilitation , P. Alberto Mileno Onlus Foundation, San Francesco Institute , Vasto , CH , Italy
| | - Chiara Rapinesi
- a Department of Neuroscience, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs (NESMOS) , School of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University; Unit of Psychiatry, Sant'andrea Hospital , Rome , Italy
| | - Georgios D Kotzalidis
- a Department of Neuroscience, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs (NESMOS) , School of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University; Unit of Psychiatry, Sant'andrea Hospital , Rome , Italy
| | - Pietro De Rossi
- a Department of Neuroscience, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs (NESMOS) , School of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University; Unit of Psychiatry, Sant'andrea Hospital , Rome , Italy
| | - Martina Curto
- a Department of Neuroscience, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs (NESMOS) , School of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University; Unit of Psychiatry, Sant'andrea Hospital , Rome , Italy
| | - Delfina Janiri
- a Department of Neuroscience, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs (NESMOS) , School of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University; Unit of Psychiatry, Sant'andrea Hospital , Rome , Italy
| | - Silvia Criscuolo
- a Department of Neuroscience, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs (NESMOS) , School of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University; Unit of Psychiatry, Sant'andrea Hospital , Rome , Italy
| | - Maria Chiara Alessi
- a Department of Neuroscience, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs (NESMOS) , School of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University; Unit of Psychiatry, Sant'andrea Hospital , Rome , Italy
| | - Vittoria Rachele Ferri
- a Department of Neuroscience, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs (NESMOS) , School of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University; Unit of Psychiatry, Sant'andrea Hospital , Rome , Italy
| | - Riccardo De Giorgi
- c Department of Pathology , Foundation Year 2, Aberdeen Royal Infirmary (NHS Grampian) , Aberdeen , UK
| | - Gabriele Sani
- a Department of Neuroscience, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs (NESMOS) , School of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University; Unit of Psychiatry, Sant'andrea Hospital , Rome , Italy
| | - Stefano Ferracuti
- a Department of Neuroscience, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs (NESMOS) , School of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University; Unit of Psychiatry, Sant'andrea Hospital , Rome , Italy
| | - Paolo Girardi
- a Department of Neuroscience, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs (NESMOS) , School of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University; Unit of Psychiatry, Sant'andrea Hospital , Rome , Italy
| | - Roberto Brugnoli
- a Department of Neuroscience, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs (NESMOS) , School of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University; Unit of Psychiatry, Sant'andrea Hospital , Rome , Italy
| |
Collapse
|
85
|
Rapinesi C, Del Casale A, Scatena P, Kotzalidis GD, Di Pietro S, Ferri VR, Bersani FS, Brugnoli R, Raccah RN, Zangen A, Ferracuti S, Orzi F, Girardi P, Sette G. Add-on deep Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (dTMS) for the treatment of chronic migraine: A preliminary study. Neurosci Lett 2016; 623:7-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2016.04.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2016] [Revised: 04/22/2016] [Accepted: 04/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
|
86
|
Del Casale A, Kotzalidis GD, Sacco M, Rapinesi C, De Giorgi R, Giardini M, D'Andreagiovanni M, Carlino N, Brugnoli R, Girardi P. Effectiveness of switching from oral ziprasidone to risperidone in a patient with comorbid autistic disorder, profound intellectual disability, Gilbert syndrome, and exacerbation of psychosis. Psychiatr Danub 2016; 28:91-94. [PMID: 26938829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Del Casale
- Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs (NESMOS), School of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University; Unit of Psychiatry, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Via di Grottarossa 1035-1039, 00189 Rome, Italy,
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
87
|
Laghi F, Baumgartner E, Baiocco R, Kotzalidis GD, Piacentino D, Girardi P, Angeletti G. Alcohol intake and binge drinking among Italian adolescents: The role of drinking motives. J Addict Dis 2015; 35:119-27. [DOI: 10.1080/10550887.2015.1129703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
|
88
|
Matteoli M, Piacentino D, Kotzalidis GD, Serata D, Rapinesi C, Angeletti G, Rossi M, David V, De Dominicis C. The Clinical and Radiological Examination of Acute Intimate Partner Violence Injuries: A Retrospective Analysis of an Italian Cohort of Women. Violence Vict 2015; 31:85-102. [PMID: 26646262 DOI: 10.1891/0886-6708.vv-d-14-00107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intimate partner violence (IPV) is the most frequent type of violence against women. We compared clinical and radiological IPV characteristics to stranger assault (SA). METHODS We retrospectively identified 123 women with IPV from court reports and matched them to 124 SA. Clinical and radiological characteristics were evaluated by testing their sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value for IPV, and the strength of their association with IPV. RESULTS IPV women referred with more delay to the emergency department (ED), had more ED accesses, and showed more mismatch between reports to the triage and disclosures to the ED physician. They also displayed more head, neck, and face injuries, and new-plus-old fractures. CONCLUSION The identification of specific features may help ED physicians to suspect IPV.
Collapse
|
89
|
Del Casale A, Ferracuti S, Rapinesi C, De Rossi P, Angeletti G, Sani G, Kotzalidis GD, Girardi P. Hypnosis and pain perception: An Activation Likelihood Estimation (ALE) meta-analysis of functional neuroimaging studies. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 109:165-172. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphysparis.2016.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2014] [Accepted: 01/08/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
|
90
|
Rapinesi C, Kotzalidis GD, Del Casale A, Ferri VR, Di Pietro S, Scatena P, Serata D, Danese E, Sani G, Koukopoulos AE, Angeletti G, Girardi P. Treatment-resistant, five-year long, postpartum-onset Capgras episode resolving after electroconvulsive therapy. Int J Psychiatry Med 2015; 49:227-34. [PMID: 25926594 DOI: 10.1177/0091217415582193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Postpartum psychosis, which rarely presents with Capgras syndrome (delusional misidentification), requires rapid symptom resolution. First-line drugs have important drawbacks, such as delayed onset of clinical response and secretion in breast milk. In this report, we report successful treatment of a treatment-resistant woman presenting with treatment-resistant Capgras syndrome, with onset during postpartum. A 36-year-old woman had presented with Capgras syndrome during postpartum. For more than five years, she believed her son and other family members were substituted by impostors. All adequately administrated treatments were unsuccessful. We suggested electroconvulsive therapy to overcome treatment resistance. After six electroconvulsive therapy sessions, delusions of doubles subsided and other symptoms improved. She was discharged two weeks later with a mood stabilizer and low-dose atypical antipychotic combination and is well at the one-and-a-half-year follow-up. Electroconvulsive therapy followed by a mood stabilizer-antipsychotic drug combination showed rapid, permanent, and effective control of long-standing Capgras syndrome in a young woman.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Rapinesi
- NESMOS (Neurosciences, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs) Department, School of Medicine and Psychology, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy Department of Neuropsychiatry, Villa Rosa, Suore Ospedaliere of the Sacred Heart of Jesus, Viterbo, Italy
| | - Georgios D Kotzalidis
- NESMOS (Neurosciences, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs) Department, School of Medicine and Psychology, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Del Casale
- NESMOS (Neurosciences, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs) Department, School of Medicine and Psychology, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy Department of Psychiatric Rehabilitation, P. Alberto Mileno Onlus Foundation, Vasto, Italy
| | - Vittoria Rachele Ferri
- NESMOS (Neurosciences, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs) Department, School of Medicine and Psychology, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy Department of Neuropsychiatry, Villa Rosa, Suore Ospedaliere of the Sacred Heart of Jesus, Viterbo, Italy
| | - Simone Di Pietro
- NESMOS (Neurosciences, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs) Department, School of Medicine and Psychology, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Scatena
- NESMOS (Neurosciences, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs) Department, School of Medicine and Psychology, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy Department of Neuropsychiatry, Villa Rosa, Suore Ospedaliere of the Sacred Heart of Jesus, Viterbo, Italy
| | - Daniele Serata
- NESMOS (Neurosciences, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs) Department, School of Medicine and Psychology, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy Department of Neuropsychiatry, Villa Rosa, Suore Ospedaliere of the Sacred Heart of Jesus, Viterbo, Italy
| | - Emanuela Danese
- NESMOS (Neurosciences, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs) Department, School of Medicine and Psychology, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Gabriele Sani
- NESMOS (Neurosciences, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs) Department, School of Medicine and Psychology, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Alexia E Koukopoulos
- NESMOS (Neurosciences, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs) Department, School of Medicine and Psychology, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Gloria Angeletti
- NESMOS (Neurosciences, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs) Department, School of Medicine and Psychology, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Girardi
- NESMOS (Neurosciences, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs) Department, School of Medicine and Psychology, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy Department of Neuropsychiatry, Villa Rosa, Suore Ospedaliere of the Sacred Heart of Jesus, Viterbo, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
91
|
Pacchiarotti I, Murru A, Kotzalidis GD, Bonnin CM, Mazzarini L, Colom F, Vieta E. Hyperprolactinemia and medications for bipolar disorder: systematic review of a neglected issue in clinical practice. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2015; 25:1045-59. [PMID: 25937241 DOI: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2015.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2014] [Revised: 03/02/2015] [Accepted: 04/01/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Drug-induced changes in serum prolactin (sPrl) levels constitute a relevant issue due to the potentially severe consequences on physical health of psychiatric patients such as sexual dysfunctions, osteoporosis and Prl-sensitive tumors. Several drugs have been associated to sPrl changes. Only antipsychotics have been extensively studied as sPrl-elevating agents in schizophrenia, but the extent to which bipolar disorder (BD) treatments affect sPrl levels is much less known. The objective of this systematic review is to summarize the evidence of the effects of drugs used in BD on Prl. This review followed the PRISMA statement. The MEDLINE/PubMed/Index Medicus, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library databases were systematically searched for articles in English appearing from any time to May 30, 2014. Twenty-six studies were included. These suggest that treatments for BD are less likely to be associated with Prl elevations, with valproate, quetiapine, lurasidone, mirtazapine, and bupropion reported not to change PRL levels significantly and lithium and aripiprazole to lower them in some studies. Taking into account the effects of the different classes of drugs on Prl may improve the care of BD patients requiring long-term pharmacotherapy. Based on the results of this review, lithium and valproate appear to be safer due to their low potential to elevate sPrL; among antipsychotics, quetiapine, lurasidone and aripiprazole appear to be similarly safe.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Isabella Pacchiarotti
- Bipolar Disorders Unit, Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Andrea Murru
- Bipolar Disorders Unit, Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Georgios D Kotzalidis
- NESMOS Department (Neuroscience, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs), Sapienza University, School of Medicine and Psychology, Sant׳Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - C Mar Bonnin
- Bipolar Disorders Unit, Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Lorenzo Mazzarini
- NESMOS Department (Neuroscience, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs), Sapienza University, School of Medicine and Psychology, Sant׳Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesc Colom
- Bipolar Disorders Unit, Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Eduard Vieta
- Bipolar Disorders Unit, Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
92
|
Rapinesi C, Kotzalidis GD, Curto M, Serata D, Ferri VR, Scatena P, Carbonetti P, Napoletano F, Miele J, Scaccianoce S, Del Casale A, Nicoletti F, Angeletti G, Girardi P. Electroconvulsive therapy improves clinical manifestations of treatment-resistant depression without changing serum BDNF levels. Psychiatry Res 2015; 227:171-8. [PMID: 25910420 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2015.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2014] [Revised: 01/30/2015] [Accepted: 04/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is effective in treatment-resistant depression (TRD). It may act through intracellular process modulation, but its exact mechanism is still unknown. Animal research supports a neurotrophic effect for ECT. We aimed to investigate the association between changes in serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor (sBDNF) levels and clinical improvement following ECT in patients with TRD. Twenty-one patients with TRD (2 men, 19 women; mean age, 63.5 years; S.D., 11.9) were assessed through the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS), the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS), and the Clinical Global Impressions scale, Severity (CGIs) before and after a complete ECT cycle. At the same time-points, patients underwent blood withdrawal for measuring sBDNF levels. ECT significantly reduced HDRS, BPRS, and CGIS scores, but not sBDNF levels. No significant correlation was found between sBDNF changes, and each of HDRS, BPRS, and CGIs score changes. sBDNF levels in TRD patients were low both at baseline and post-ECT. Our results do not support that improvements in TRD following ECT are mediated through increases in sBDNF levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Rapinesi
- NESMOS Department (Neurosciences, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs), Sapienza University of Rome, School of Medicine and Psychology, Sant׳Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy; Neuropsychiatry Department, Villa Rosa, Suore Hospitaliere of the Sacred Heart of Jesus, Viterbo, Italy
| | - Georgios D Kotzalidis
- NESMOS Department (Neurosciences, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs), Sapienza University of Rome, School of Medicine and Psychology, Sant׳Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy.
| | - Martina Curto
- NESMOS Department (Neurosciences, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs), Sapienza University of Rome, School of Medicine and Psychology, Sant׳Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Bipolar & Psychotic Disorders Program, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA
| | - Daniele Serata
- NESMOS Department (Neurosciences, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs), Sapienza University of Rome, School of Medicine and Psychology, Sant׳Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy; Neuropsychiatry Department, Villa Rosa, Suore Hospitaliere of the Sacred Heart of Jesus, Viterbo, Italy
| | - Vittoria R Ferri
- NESMOS Department (Neurosciences, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs), Sapienza University of Rome, School of Medicine and Psychology, Sant׳Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy; Neuropsychiatry Department, Villa Rosa, Suore Hospitaliere of the Sacred Heart of Jesus, Viterbo, Italy
| | - Paola Scatena
- NESMOS Department (Neurosciences, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs), Sapienza University of Rome, School of Medicine and Psychology, Sant׳Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy; Neuropsychiatry Department, Villa Rosa, Suore Hospitaliere of the Sacred Heart of Jesus, Viterbo, Italy
| | - Paolo Carbonetti
- Neuropsychiatry Department, Villa Rosa, Suore Hospitaliere of the Sacred Heart of Jesus, Viterbo, Italy
| | - Flavia Napoletano
- NESMOS Department (Neurosciences, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs), Sapienza University of Rome, School of Medicine and Psychology, Sant׳Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Jessica Miele
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Sergio Scaccianoce
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Del Casale
- NESMOS Department (Neurosciences, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs), Sapienza University of Rome, School of Medicine and Psychology, Sant׳Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Psychiatric Rehabilitation, Fondazione Padre Alberto Mileno Onlus, Vasto, Chieti, Italy
| | - Ferdinando Nicoletti
- NESMOS Department (Neurosciences, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs), Sapienza University of Rome, School of Medicine and Psychology, Sant׳Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Gloria Angeletti
- NESMOS Department (Neurosciences, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs), Sapienza University of Rome, School of Medicine and Psychology, Sant׳Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Girardi
- NESMOS Department (Neurosciences, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs), Sapienza University of Rome, School of Medicine and Psychology, Sant׳Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy; Neuropsychiatry Department, Villa Rosa, Suore Hospitaliere of the Sacred Heart of Jesus, Viterbo, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
93
|
Rapinesi C, Janiri D, Kotzalidis GD, Serata D, Del Casale A, Scatena P, Dacquino C, Gentile G, Manfredi G, Danese E, Raccah RN, Brugnoli R, Callovini G, Ferri VR, Ferracuti S, Zangen A, Simmaco M, Angeletti G, Girardi P. Mitochondrial myopathy and comorbid major depressive disorder: effectiveness of dTMS on gait and mood symptoms. Gen Hosp Psychiatry 2015; 37:274.e7-9. [PMID: 25799088 DOI: 10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2015.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2014] [Revised: 02/26/2015] [Accepted: 03/05/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mitochondrial myopathies (MMs) often present with leukoencephalopathy and psychiatric symptoms, which do not respond to or worsen with psychiatric drugs. CASE REPORT A 67-year-old woman with a 10-year history of probable chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia, an MM, had drug-resistant, anxious-depressive symptoms. Since she had never had seizures, we proposed 20 sessions of deep transcranial magnetic stimulation (dTMS) for her depression. Surprisingly, besides the expected improvement of depression, we observed marked improvement of movement disorder that lasted as long as the patient was undergoing dTMS. She also improved her performance on neuropsychological tests of executive function and cognitive speed. Depressive symptom improvement was persistent, while anxiety symptoms recurred after the end of the sessions. CONCLUSIONS dTMS may be an alternative antidepressant strategy in patients with MMs, provided that they are free from seizures. The mechanism of improvement of motor disturbance may relate to dorsolateral prefrontal cortex stimulation and improved executive function and needs further investigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Rapinesi
- NESMOS Department (Neurosciences, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs), Sapienza University of Rome School of Medicine and Psychology, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy; Villa Rosa, Suore Hospitaliere of the Sacred Heart of Jesus, Viterbo, Italy
| | - Delfina Janiri
- NESMOS Department (Neurosciences, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs), Sapienza University of Rome School of Medicine and Psychology, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Georgios D Kotzalidis
- NESMOS Department (Neurosciences, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs), Sapienza University of Rome School of Medicine and Psychology, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy.
| | - Daniele Serata
- NESMOS Department (Neurosciences, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs), Sapienza University of Rome School of Medicine and Psychology, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy; Villa Rosa, Suore Hospitaliere of the Sacred Heart of Jesus, Viterbo, Italy
| | - Antonio Del Casale
- NESMOS Department (Neurosciences, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs), Sapienza University of Rome School of Medicine and Psychology, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Psychiatric Rehabilitation, Fondazione Padre Alberto Mileno Onlus, Vasto, Chieti, Italy
| | - Paola Scatena
- Villa Rosa, Suore Hospitaliere of the Sacred Heart of Jesus, Viterbo, Italy
| | - Claudia Dacquino
- NESMOS Department (Neurosciences, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs), Sapienza University of Rome School of Medicine and Psychology, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanna Gentile
- DiMA Department (Advanced Molecular Diagnosis), School of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Manfredi
- NESMOS Department (Neurosciences, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs), Sapienza University of Rome School of Medicine and Psychology, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Emanuela Danese
- NESMOS Department (Neurosciences, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs), Sapienza University of Rome School of Medicine and Psychology, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Roberto Brugnoli
- NESMOS Department (Neurosciences, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs), Sapienza University of Rome School of Medicine and Psychology, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Gemma Callovini
- NESMOS Department (Neurosciences, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs), Sapienza University of Rome School of Medicine and Psychology, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Vittoria Rachele Ferri
- NESMOS Department (Neurosciences, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs), Sapienza University of Rome School of Medicine and Psychology, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Ferracuti
- NESMOS Department (Neurosciences, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs), Sapienza University of Rome School of Medicine and Psychology, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Abraham Zangen
- Department of Life Sciences, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Be'er Sheva, Israel
| | - Maurizio Simmaco
- DiMA Department (Advanced Molecular Diagnosis), School of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Gloria Angeletti
- NESMOS Department (Neurosciences, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs), Sapienza University of Rome School of Medicine and Psychology, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Girardi
- NESMOS Department (Neurosciences, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs), Sapienza University of Rome School of Medicine and Psychology, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy; Villa Rosa, Suore Hospitaliere of the Sacred Heart of Jesus, Viterbo, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
94
|
Vento AE, Schifano F, Gentili F, Pompei F, Corkery JM, Kotzalidis GD, Girardi P. Bupropion perceived as a stimulant by two patients with a previous history of cocaine misuse. Ann Ist Super Sanita 2015; 49:402-5. [PMID: 24334787 DOI: 10.4415/ann_13_04_14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Despite animal studies having shown a generalisation of the bupropion cue to cocaine, this drug has been used in cocaine abuse with mixed results. We here aimed at describing two cases which contradict current knowledge. CASE REPORTS We describe two cases of former cocaine abusers who reported a cocaine-like sensation upon taking bupropion. Bupropion improved patients' depression without any increase in cocaine craving. One of the patients increased without doctor consultation his dose on an as needed basis. CONCLUSIONS The issue of bupropion cue generalisation to cocaine needs further elucidation. People with past cocaine addiction need to be informed on the potential of bupropion to elicit cocaine-like cues and be invited to adhere to medical prescription, because bupropion has been associated with fatalities in some cases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro E Vento
- Dipartimento NESMOS, Sapienza Università di Roma, Ospedale Sant'Andrea, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
95
|
Kotzalidis GD, Pacchiarotti I, Rapinesi C, Murru A, Colom F, Vieta E. Differential effectiveness of right unilateral versus bilateral electroconvulsive therapy in resistant bipolar depression. Am J Psychiatry 2015; 172:294. [PMID: 25727540 DOI: 10.1176/appi.ajp.2014.14101366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Georgios D Kotzalidis
- From the NESMOS (Neuroscience, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs) Department, Sapienza University, School of Medicine and Psychology, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Rome; and the Bipolar Disorders Unit, Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
96
|
Serata D, Kotzalidis GD, Rapinesi C, Janiri D, Di Pietro S, Callovini G, Piacentino D, Gasperoni C, Brugnoli R, Ferri VR, Girardi N, Tatarelli R, Ferracuti S, Angeletti G, Girardi P, Del Casale A. Are 5-HT3 antagonists effective in obsessive-compulsive disorder? A systematic review of literature. Hum Psychopharmacol 2015; 30:70-84. [PMID: 25676060 DOI: 10.1002/hup.2461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2014] [Revised: 11/25/2014] [Accepted: 12/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this literature database search-based review was to critically consider and evaluate the findings of literature focusing on efficacy and safety of 5-HT3 antagonists in the treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), so as to test whether preclinical data match clinical therapeutic trials. DESIGN The PubMed database has been searched for papers on 5-HT3 antagonists and OCD in humans and for animal models of OCD and 5-HT3 receptors. RESULTS Of the clinically tested 5-HT3 receptor antagonists, ondansetron has been used to treat OCD in five therapeutic studies, whereas granisetron only in one recent trial. Both showed some efficacy in open studies and superiority to placebo in double-blind studies, along with fair safety. No animal OCD model directly implicated 5-HT3 receptors. CONCLUSIONS Overall, results indicate some utility, but the available literature is too scanty to allow for valid conclusions to be drawn. The mismatch between animal models of obsessive-compulsive disorder and clinical data with 5-HT3 antagonists needs more clinical data to ensure that it is not an artefact.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Serata
- Neurosciences, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs (NeSMOS) Department, School of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, UOC Psychiatry, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Roma, Italy; Department of Neuropsychiatry, Villa Rosa Suore Ospedaliere of the Sacred Heart of Jesus, Viterbo, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
97
|
Rapinesi C, Bersani FS, Kotzalidis GD, Imperatori C, Del Casale A, Di Pietro S, Ferri VR, Serata D, Raccah RN, Zangen A, Angeletti G, Girardi P. Maintenance Deep Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Sessions are Associated with Reduced Depressive Relapses in Patients with Unipolar or Bipolar Depression. Front Neurol 2015; 6:16. [PMID: 25709596 PMCID: PMC4321576 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2015.00016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2014] [Accepted: 01/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Deep transcranial magnetic stimulation (dTMS) is a new form of TMS allowing safe stimulation of deep brain regions. The objective of this preliminary study was to assess the role of dTMS maintenance sessions in protecting patients with bipolar disorder (BD) or recurrent major depressive disorder (MDD) from developing depressive or manic relapses in a 12-month follow-up period. Methods: Twenty-four drug-resistant patients with a current depressive episode and a diagnosis of MDD or BD have been enrolled in the study. All the participants underwent daily dTMS sessions for 4 weeks. One group (maintenance – M group) received additional maintenance dTMS sessions weekly or twice a week. Results: After the first dTMS cycle, a significant reduction of Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS) scores was observed in all participants. Subsequently, the HDRS mean scores did not significantly change over time in the M group, while it significantly increased in the non-M-group after 6 and 12 months. Discussion: This study confirms previous evidence of a positive therapeutic effect of dTMS on depressive symptoms and suggests that, after recovery from acute episodes, maintenance dTMS sessions may be helpful in maintaining euthymia in a 12-month follow-up period.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Rapinesi
- Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs NESMOS, School of Medicine and Psychology, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome , Rome , Italy ; Neuropsychiatric Unit, Villa Rosa, Suore Ospedaliere of the Sacred Heart of Jesus , Viterbo , Italy
| | - Francesco Saverio Bersani
- Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, Policlinico Umberto I University Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome , Rome , Italy
| | - Georgios D Kotzalidis
- Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs NESMOS, School of Medicine and Psychology, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome , Rome , Italy
| | - Claudio Imperatori
- Department of Human Sciences, European University of Rome , Rome , Italy
| | - Antonio Del Casale
- Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs NESMOS, School of Medicine and Psychology, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome , Rome , Italy ; Department of Psychiatric Rehabilitation, P. Alberto Mileno Onlus Foundation , Vasto , Italy
| | - Simone Di Pietro
- Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs NESMOS, School of Medicine and Psychology, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome , Rome , Italy
| | - Vittoria R Ferri
- Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs NESMOS, School of Medicine and Psychology, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome , Rome , Italy ; Neuropsychiatric Unit, Villa Rosa, Suore Ospedaliere of the Sacred Heart of Jesus , Viterbo , Italy
| | - Daniele Serata
- Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs NESMOS, School of Medicine and Psychology, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome , Rome , Italy
| | - Ruggero N Raccah
- ATID Ltd - Advanced Technology Innovation Distribution , Rome , Italy
| | - Abraham Zangen
- Department of Life Sciences, Ben Gurion University of the Negev , Be'er Sheva , Israel
| | - Gloria Angeletti
- Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs NESMOS, School of Medicine and Psychology, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome , Rome , Italy
| | - Paolo Girardi
- Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs NESMOS, School of Medicine and Psychology, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome , Rome , Italy ; Neuropsychiatric Unit, Villa Rosa, Suore Ospedaliere of the Sacred Heart of Jesus , Viterbo , Italy
| |
Collapse
|
98
|
Del Casale A, Ferracuti S, Rapinesi C, Serata D, Caltagirone SS, Savoja V, Piacentino D, Callovini G, Manfredi G, Sani G, Kotzalidis GD, Girardi P. Pain perception and hypnosis: findings from recent functional neuroimaging studies. Int J Clin Exp Hypn 2015; 63:144-70. [PMID: 25719519 DOI: 10.1080/00207144.2015.1002371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Hypnosis modulates pain perception and tolerance by affecting cortical and subcortical activity in brain regions involved in these processes. By reviewing functional neuroimaging studies focusing on pain perception under hypnosis, the authors aimed to identify brain activation-deactivation patterns occurring in hypnosis-modulated pain conditions. Different changes in brain functionality occurred throughout all components of the pain network and other brain areas. The anterior cingulate cortex appears to be central in modulating pain circuitry activity under hypnosis. Most studies also showed that the neural functions of the prefrontal, insular, and somatosensory cortices are consistently modified during hypnosis-modulated pain conditions. Functional neuroimaging studies support the clinical use of hypnosis in the management of pain conditions.
Collapse
|
99
|
Piacentino D, Kotzalidis GD, Del Casale A, Aromatario MR, Pomara C, Girardi P, Sani G. Anabolic-androgenic steroid use and psychopathology in athletes. A systematic review. Curr Neuropharmacol 2015; 13:101-21. [PMID: 26074746 PMCID: PMC4462035 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x13666141210222725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2014] [Revised: 07/31/2014] [Accepted: 10/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of anabolic-androgenic steroids (AASs) by professional and recreational athletes is increasing worldwide. The underlying motivations are mainly performance enhancement and body image improvement. AAS abuse and dependence, which are specifically classified and coded by the DSM-5, are not uncommon. AAS-using athletes are frequently present with psychiatric symptoms and disorders, mainly somatoform and eating, but also mood, and schizophrenia-related disorders. Some psychiatric disorders are typical of athletes, like muscle dysmorphia. This raises the issue of whether AAS use causes these disorders in athletes, by determining neuroadaptive changes in the reward neural circuit or by exacerbating stress vulnerability, or rather these are athletes with premorbid abnormal personalities or a history of psychiatric disorders who are attracted to AAS use, prompted by the desire to improve their appearance and control their weights. This may predispose to eating disorders, but AASs also show mood destabilizing effects, with longterm use inducing depression and short-term hypomania; withdrawal/discontinuation may be accompanied by depression. The effects of AASs on anxiety behavior are unclear and studies are inconsistent. AASs are also linked to psychotic behavior. The psychological characteristics that could prompt athletes to use AASs have not been elucidated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daria Piacentino
- NESMOS (Neurosciences, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs) Department, School of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University-Rome, Italy; UOC Psychiatry, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Georgios D Kotzalidis
- NESMOS (Neurosciences, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs) Department, School of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University-Rome, Italy; UOC Psychiatry, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Del Casale
- NESMOS (Neurosciences, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs) Department, School of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University-Rome, Italy; UOC Psychiatry, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy; ; Department of Psychiatric Rehabilitation, P. Alberto Mileno Onlus Foundation, San Francesco Institute, Vasto, Italy
| | - Maria Rosaria Aromatario
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic Medicine, And Orthopedic Sciences. Sapienza University-Rome, Italy
| | - Cristoforo Pomara
- Department of Forensic Pathology, University of Foggia; Ospedale Colonnello D'Avanzo, Foggia, Italy
| | - Paolo Girardi
- NESMOS (Neurosciences, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs) Department, School of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University-Rome, Italy; UOC Psychiatry, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy; ; Centro Lucio Bini, Rome, Italy
| | - Gabriele Sani
- NESMOS (Neurosciences, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs) Department, School of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University-Rome, Italy; UOC Psychiatry, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy; ; Centro Lucio Bini, Rome, Italy; ; IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Department of Clinical and Behavioral Neurology, Neuropsychiatry Laboratory, Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
100
|
Girardi P, Rapinesi C, Chiarotti F, Kotzalidis GD, Piacentino D, Serata D, Del Casale A, Scatena P, Mascioli F, Raccah RN, Brugnoli R, Digiacomantonio V, Ferri VR, Ferracuti S, Zangen A, Angeletti G. Add-on deep transcranial magnetic stimulation (dTMS) in patients with dysthymic disorder comorbid with alcohol use disorder: a comparison with standard treatment. World J Biol Psychiatry 2015; 16:66-73. [PMID: 25140585 DOI: 10.3109/15622975.2014.925583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) is dysfunctional in mood and substance use disorders. We predicted higher efficacy for add-on bilateral prefrontal high-frequency deep transcranial magnetic stimulation (dTMS), compared with standard drug treatment (SDT) in patients with dysthymic disorder (DD)/alcohol use disorder (AUD) comorbidity. METHODS We carried-out a 6-month open-label study involving 20 abstinent patients with DSM-IV-TR AUD comorbid with previously developed DD. Ten patients received SDT for AUD with add-on bilateral dTMS (dTMS-AO) over the DLPFC, while another 10 received SDT alone. We rated alcohol craving with the Obsessive Compulsive Drinking Scale (OCDS), depression with the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS), clinical status with the Clinical Global Impressions scale (CGI), and global functioning with the Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF). RESULTS At the end of the 20-session dTMS period (or an equivalent period in the SDT group), craving scores and depressive symptoms in the dTMS-AO group dropped significantly more than in the SDT group (P < 0.001 and P < 0.02, respectively). CONCLUSIONS High frequency bilateral DLPFC dTMS with left preference was well tolerated and found to be effective as add-on in AUD. The potential of dTMS for reducing craving in substance use disorder patients deserves to be further investigated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Girardi
- NESMOS Department (Neurosciences, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs), Sapienza University of Rome, School of Medicine and Psychology, Sant'Andrea Hospital , Rome , Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|