26
|
Welchman D, Hooton JK, Low JC. Ocular disease associated with silage feeding and Listeria monocytogenes in fallow deer. Vet Rec 1997; 140:684-5. [PMID: 9234555 DOI: 10.1136/vr.140.26.684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
|
27
|
Low JC, Angus M, Hopkins G, Munro D, Rankin SC. Antimicrobial resistance of Salmonella enterica typhimurium DT104 isolates and investigation of strains with transferable apramycin resistance. Epidemiol Infect 1997; 118:97-103. [PMID: 9129585 PMCID: PMC2808787 DOI: 10.1017/s0950268896007339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
An examination of salmonella isolates collected by the Scottish Agricultural College Veterinary Services Division from April 1994 to May 1995 was conducted to determine the extent to which Salmonella enterica serotype Typhimurium phage type 104 (DT104) occurred and to investigate the antimicrobial resistance patterns of isolates. Typhimurium DT104 was the predominant salmonella and was isolated from nine species of animal. All isolates of this phage type possessed resistance to at least one antimicrobial and 98% of the isolates were resistant to multiple antimicrobials with R-type ACTSp the predominant resistance pattern. Various other resistance patterns were identified and transferable resistance to the veterinary aminoglycoside antimicrobial apramycin was demonstrated in three strains. A retrospective study for gentamicin resistance in isolates from the Scottish Salmonella Reference Laboratory collection revealed a human isolate of Typhimurium DT104 resistant to gentamicin but sensitive to apramycin and a bovine isolate with apramycin and gentamicin resistance.
Collapse
|
28
|
Abstract
Following the initial isolation and description in 1926 Listeria monocytogenes has been shown to be of world-wide prevalence and is associated with serious disease in a wide variety of animals, including man. Our knowledge of this bacterial pathogen and the various forms of listeriosis that it causes has until recently been extremely limited, but recent advances in taxonomy, isolation methods, bacterial typing, molecular biology and cell biology have extended our knowledge. It is an exquisitely adaptable environmental bacterium capable of existing both as an animal pathogen and plant saprophyte with a powerful array of regulated virulence factors. Most cases of listeriosis arise from the ingestion of contaminated food and in the UK the disease is particularly common in ruminants fed on silage. Although a number of forms of listeriosis are easily recognized, such as encephalitis, abortion and septicaemia, the epidemiological aspects and pathogenesis of infection in ruminants remain poorly understood. The invasion of peripheral nerve cells and rapid entry into the brain is postulated as a unique characteristic of its virulence, but relevant and practical disease models are still required to investigate this phenomenon. This review offers an up to date introduction to the organism with a description of virulence determinants, typing systems and a detailed account of listeriosis in animals. Experimental and field papers are reviewed and further sections deal with the diagnosis, treatment and control of listeriosis in animals. A final part gives an overview of listeriosis in man.
Collapse
|
29
|
Clarke CJ, Patterson IA, Armstrong KE, Low JC. Comparison of the absorbed ELISA and agar gel immunodiffusion test with clinicopathological findings in ovine clinical paratuberculosis. Vet Rec 1996; 139:618-21. [PMID: 9123786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Thirty-two sheep with clinical paratuberculosis and 43 normal, healthy control animals were tested for serum antibodies to Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis with the absorbed enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and agar gel immunodiffusion (AGID) test. All the sheep were necropsied and the diseased cases were categorised as having either multibacillary ('lepromatous') or paucibacillary ('tuberculoid') intestinal lesions. The ELISA and AGID test were highly sensitive when testing the multibacillary group (86.4 per cent and 100 per cent, respectively) but the sensitivity of the tests in the paucibacillary group was significantly lower (10 to 50 per cent and 30 per cent, respectively). These findings were related to the ELISA optical density readings, with the multibacillary samples having values significantly greater than those of the paucibacillary and control groups, and the optical density values appearing to correlate with the numbers of mycobacteria present in the intestinal lesions. These results indicate both the usefulness of serological testing in the diagnosis of the multibacillary form of paratuberculosis and the difficulty in identifying animals with the paucibacillary form of the disease.
Collapse
|
30
|
|
31
|
Djamgoz MB, Low JC, Saito T, Toyoda JI, Yamada M. Voltage dependency of light-evoked on-off transient amacrine cell responses in carp retina. Neurosci Lett 1996; 214:127-30. [PMID: 8878100 DOI: 10.1016/0304-3940(96)12900-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The voltage dependency of the ON and the OFF components of transient amacrine cell responses was studied using two-electrode voltage-clamp and current-clamp techniques in the isolated retina of the carp. The two independent approaches gave similar data. When cells were voltage clamped near their resting potentials, both response components were associated with transient inward currents. Hyperpolarization increased response size (current or voltage) whilst depolarization decreased it. Response reversal, or a tendency for it, occurred at membrane potentials significantly more positive than the resting level with some quantitative variability. These data support the view that the ON-OFF depolarizations represent basically excitatory postsynaptic potentials and that the transience of the responses cannot mainly be due to any voltage-dependent conductance.
Collapse
|
32
|
Low JC, Hopkins G, King T, Munro D. Antibiotic resistant Salmonella typhimurium DT104 in cattle. Vet Rec 1996; 138:650-1. [PMID: 8817862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
|
33
|
Scott PR, Munroe G, Low JC. Fracture and displacement of cranial coccygeal vertebrae resulting in rectal perforation in a beef bull. Vet Rec 1996; 138:625. [PMID: 8807788 DOI: 10.1136/vr.138.25.625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
|
34
|
Penny CD, Low JC, Nettleton PF, Scott PR, Sargison ND, Strachan WD, Honeyman PC. Concurrent bovine viral diarrhoea virus and Salmonella typhimurium DT104 infection in a group of pregnant dairy heifers. Vet Rec 1996; 138:485-9. [PMID: 8736500 DOI: 10.1136/vr.138.20.485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Two days after being imported into the United Kingdom one of a group of 30 pregnant dairy heifers showed clinical signs of bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV) infection and subsequently died. Before it died the heifer was BVDV antigen-positive and antibody-negative. The gross post mortem findings were suggestive of mucosal disease but in addition to noncytopathic BVD virus, Salmonella typhimurium DT104 was cultured from tissues and gut contents. The other heifers were screened for S typhimurium by culturing faeces, and serology showed that 13 (45 per cent) of the group seroconverted to BVDV in the three weeks between samplings and the remainder were seropositive, indicating previous exposure. During this period four heifers showed clinical signs of acute BVDV infection but recovered uneventfully. Four animals (14 per cent) were positive for S typhimurium DT104 on faecal culture, and three of these excretors concurrently seroconverted to BVDV. Of the 29 heifers remaining in the group, one aborted in late gestation, 26 bore live calves and two delivered stillborn calves. Pre-colostral blood samples from the calves showed that their dams' pre-existing antibody titres correlated well with in utero fetal protection. In non-immune dams, exposure to BVDV between 69 and 120 days of gestation led to the birth of live persistently viraemic calves. Infection between 120 and 140 days of gestation led to the birth of live calves with evidence of congenital damage to the central nervous system, and infection later than 140 days of gestation led to the birth of live, normal calves with high pre-colostral antibody titres to BVDV. One calf which sucked colostrum was antibody and virus antigen-positive when sampled at 12 hours old but regular blood sampling failed to detect viraemia again until the calf was seven weeks old when it became persistently viraemic.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Animals
- Animals, Newborn/abnormalities
- Antibodies, Bacterial/analysis
- Antibodies, Bacterial/blood
- Antibodies, Viral/blood
- Bovine Virus Diarrhea-Mucosal Disease/complications
- Bovine Virus Diarrhea-Mucosal Disease/diagnosis
- Bovine Virus Diarrhea-Mucosal Disease/epidemiology
- Cattle
- Cattle Diseases/diagnosis
- Cattle Diseases/epidemiology
- Central Nervous System/abnormalities
- Diarrhea Viruses, Bovine Viral/immunology
- Digestive System/microbiology
- Digestive System/virology
- Disease Outbreaks/veterinary
- Feces/microbiology
- Female
- Pregnancy
- Pregnancy Complications, Infectious/diagnosis
- Pregnancy Complications, Infectious/epidemiology
- Pregnancy Complications, Infectious/veterinary
- Salmonella Infections, Animal/complications
- Salmonella Infections, Animal/diagnosis
- Salmonella Infections, Animal/epidemiology
- Salmonella typhimurium/isolation & purification
- United Kingdom/epidemiology
Collapse
|
35
|
Low JC, Scott PR, Howie F, Lewis M, FitzSimons J, Spence JA. Sulphur-induced polioencephalomalacia in lambs. Vet Rec 1996; 138:327-9. [PMID: 8730674 DOI: 10.1136/vr.138.14.327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
An outbreak of polioencephalomalacia affected 16 of 46 Swaledale lambs and five of 25 Scottish blackface lambs 15 to 32 days after they were introduced to an ad libitum concentrate ration containing 0.43 per cent sulphur. The clinical signs were acute and included depression central blindness and head-pressing, but no hyperaesthesia, nystagmus, dorsiflexion of the neck or opisthotonos were observed. Treatment of the affected lambs with vitamin B1, dexamethasone and antibiotics was associated with a prolonged recovery period, though no further cases were identified after vitamin B1 had been given parenterally to all the lambs at risk.
Collapse
|
36
|
Yeo EE, Low JC. Intrarenal arteriovenous fistula simulating a hypervascular renal tumor on radionuclide renal imaging. Clin Nucl Med 1995; 20:549-50. [PMID: 7648744 DOI: 10.1097/00003072-199506000-00019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
|
37
|
Low JC, Somerville D, Mylne MJ, McKelvey WA. Prevalence of Actinobacillus seminis in the semen of rams in the United Kingdom. Vet Rec 1995; 136:268-9. [PMID: 7793022 DOI: 10.1136/vr.136.11.268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
A survey was conducted to establish the prevalence of Actinobacillus seminis in ovine semen and the possible importance of the organism as a cause of ram infertility. A seminis was isolated from three of 16 infertile rams and the infected animals had lesions of the genital tract and produced poor quality semen. A seminis was also isolated from two of 96 fertile rams used as donors of semen for artificial insemination programmes. The strains of A seminis could be identified on the basis of their API ZYM profiles. The results suggest that in the United Kingdom A seminis should be considered as a common cause of infertility in rams.
Collapse
|
38
|
Anderson IE, Herring AJ, Jones GE, Low JC, Greig A. Development and evaluation of an indirect ELISA to detect antibodies to abortion strains of Chlamydia psittaci in sheep sera. Vet Microbiol 1995; 43:1-12. [PMID: 7716879 DOI: 10.1016/0378-1135(94)00083-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
A novel indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for antibodies against abortion strains of Chlamydia psittaci (C. psittaci) has been developed. The antigen used was chlamydial elementary bodies treated sequentially with N-lauroyl sarcosine and n-octyl-beta-D-glucopyranoside and finally solubilized with N-lauroyl sarcosine and dithiothreitol. Treating the antigen with sodium periodate after coating of the plates increased the specificity for antibodies to abortion strains. The test was evaluated initially with sera from experimentally infected sheep and an uninfected control group. These sheep were monitored for lambing performance and infection status. When used in conjunction with the indirect micro-immunofluorescence test (MIF), the ELISA was able to identify as negative all twenty-five sera from ewes that had no typical placental lesions and identified as positive twenty of twenty-one sera from infected ewes that had either typical placental lesions or had been found positive by isolation of chlamydia in cell culture. The combination of ELISA and MIF was also able to discriminate correctly groups of sera from six flocks with a history of infection from four known uninfected flocks.
Collapse
|
39
|
McLauchlin J, Low JC. Primary cutaneous listeriosis in adults: an occupational disease of veterinarians and farmers. Vet Rec 1994; 135:615-7. [PMID: 7716869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Seventeen cases of cutaneous listeriosis in adults are reviewed. The condition appeared as papular or pustular lesions on the arms or hands, and was most often acquired as an occupational hazard from infected animals. The cases were all mild and were resolved successfully. However, listeric infections are potentially fatal, and as the initial cause of the lesion may be unknown, it is recommended that veterinarians and farmers should have suspect lesions examined microbiologically.
Collapse
|
40
|
Trees AJ, Guy F, Low JC, Roberts L, Buxton D, Dubey JP. Serological evidence implicating Neospora species as a cause of abortion in British cattle. Vet Rec 1994; 134:405-7. [PMID: 8036769 DOI: 10.1136/vr.134.16.405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
By means of an immunofluorescence antibody test (IFAT), using in vitro cultured parasites as antigen, antibodies to Neospora species at titres > or = 1/1280 were found in 11 of 120 Scottish cattle that had recently aborted but in only one of 97 cattle from herds in which there had been no recent abortions (P < 0.01). The specificity of the antibodies was confirmed by the lack of cross reactivity between samples with high titres to Neospora and toxoplasma antigen in a direct agglutination test, and by the absence of reactivity at > or = 1/640 in the IFAT of convalescent sera from cattle infected experimentally with Toxoplasma gondii, Sarcocystis cruzi, Eimeria bovis, E alabamensis, Cryptosporidium parvum and Babesia divergens. These results demonstrate that Neospora species infection occurs commonly in aborting cattle in Britain, and that the IFAT may be a useful tool for investigating the infection.
Collapse
|
41
|
Baxter F, Wright F, Chalmers RM, Low JC, Donachie W. Characterization by Multilocus Enzyme Electrophoresis of
Listeria monocytogenes
Isolates Involved in Ovine Listeriosis Outbreaks in Scotland from 1989 to 1991. Appl Environ Microbiol 1993; 59:3126-9. [PMID: 16349052 PMCID: PMC182417 DOI: 10.1128/aem.59.9.3126-3129.1993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Initial results from a study of five small ovine listeriosis outbreaks in Scotland in 1989 to 1991 are presented. Forty-eight isolates including three from silage were typed at 10 polymorphic enzyme loci by using multilocus enzyme electrophoresis resulting in the identification of 12 electrophoretic types. Phylogenetic analysis partitioned the 12 electrophoretic types into two statistically distinct divisions distinguishing 1/2a serotypes from non-1/2a serotypes.
Collapse
|
42
|
Low JC, Wright F, McLauchlin J, Donachie W. Serotyping and distribution of Listeria isolates from cases of ovine listeriosis. Vet Rec 1993; 133:165-6. [PMID: 8236705 DOI: 10.1136/vr.133.7.165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
|
43
|
Yeo EE, Low JC. Scintigraphic finding of crossed hemihypertrophy in association with Wilms' tumor. Clin Nucl Med 1993; 18:247-8. [PMID: 8384944 DOI: 10.1097/00003072-199303000-00018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
|
44
|
Yeo EE, Low JC, Azizi F. False-negative morphine-augmented cholescintigraphy in a patient with gangrenous cholecystitis. Clin Nucl Med 1992; 17:929-30. [PMID: 1464167 DOI: 10.1097/00003072-199212000-00003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Intravenous morphine sulfate is commonly used to shorten study time and has been reported not to lower the specificity of hepatobiliary imaging. Although the false-negative rate is low, caution has to be taken in interpreting morphine-enhanced cholescintigraphy. The report presents a false-negative study in a patient with acute gangrenous cholecystitis.
Collapse
|
45
|
Low JC, Davies RC, Donachie W. Purification of listeriolysin O and development of an immunoassay for diagnosis of listeric infections in sheep. J Clin Microbiol 1992; 30:2705-8. [PMID: 1400971 PMCID: PMC270502 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.30.10.2705-2708.1992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
A protein of 58,000-Da molecular mass was purified from the supernatant fluid of a dialysis sac culture of Listeria monocytogenes by cation-exchange chromatography. The purified protein, homogeneous by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and possessing the characteristics of listeriolysin O (LLO), was used to develop an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Anti-LLO antibodies were shown to be consistently produced in sheep after experimental challenge with L. monocytogenes serovar 4b. The assay also successfully detected and measured specific anti-LLO antibodies in the sera of silage-fed sheep among which listeric enteritis and abortions had occurred.
Collapse
|
46
|
Low JC, Chalmers RM, Donachie W, Freeman R, McLauchlin J, Sisson PR. Pyrolysis mass spectrometry of Listeria monocytogenes isolates from sheep. Res Vet Sci 1992; 53:64-7. [PMID: 1410821 DOI: 10.1016/0034-5288(92)90086-h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Forty-eight isolates of Listeria monocytogenes from sheep and silage, involved in five small outbreaks of listeriosis, were compared by pyrolysis mass spectrometry (PyMS). The method clustered isolates from single animals, and showed that epidemiologically associated isolates were closely related to each other. PyMS is a simple technique capable of analysing large numbers of samples daily, and its application in veterinary studies should help to elucidate the epidemiology of listeriosis.
Collapse
|
47
|
Yamada M, Low JC, Djamgoz MB. Chromaticity of synaptic inputs to H1 horizontal cells in carp retina: analysis by voltage-clamp and spectral adaptation. Exp Brain Res 1992; 89:465-72. [PMID: 1644113 DOI: 10.1007/bf00229869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Cone photoreceptor inputs to H1 horizontal cells (H1 HCs) in carp retina were studied by measuring light-modulated currents (IL) to monochromatic stimuli (460, 533, 688 nm) under a voltage-clamp condition. By using double-barrelled micro-electrodes H1 HCs were voltage-clamped whilst perfusing with dopamine to uncouple the cells. The IL of the H1 HCs driven by each cone input was segregated by selective chromatic adaptation, and differences in the kinetics of the IL of the H1 HCs were revealed. Thus, all together, three types of IL were observed: (1) a 'fast outward' current to the long-wavelength stimulus; (2) a 'slow outward' current to the middle-wavelength stimulus; and (3) a 'delayed inward' current that followed the peak of 'slow outward' current to the short-wavelength stimulus. The reversal potentials of the three currents were estimated to be at least 20 mV more positive than the dark resting potential by extrapolation of the IL-V curve. These observations are consistent with the idea that the H1 HCs receive sign-inverting, conductance decreasing synaptic input(s) from at least one other cone mechanism, in addition to the main conventional EPSP type synaptic input from red-sensitive cones.
Collapse
|
48
|
Low JC, Donachie W. Clinical and serum antibody responses to lambs to infection by Listeria monocytogenes. Res Vet Sci 1991; 51:185-92. [PMID: 1788482 DOI: 10.1016/0034-5288(91)90012-d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Oral dosing of lambs with 1 x 10(10) colony forming units of Listeria monocytogenes daily for three days produced no clinical signs but protected the animals against bacteraemia following subsequent homologous subcutaneous challenge. Following the subcutaneous injections, comparison with controls revealed significantly lower rectal temperatures and a significant difference in positive blood cultures. In both groups signs of systemic illness were unremarkable. However, two and 10 days after the subcutaneous challenges neurological signs developed in two lambs. L monocytogenes was isolated from the brain of one lamb and histopathological lesions of listeric encephalomyelitis were demonstrated in both. After oral infection antibodies to L monocytogenes whole cell antigen were detectable in serum agglutination tests and by ELISA. Serological responses to flagellin were examined by ELISA and to listeriolysin O by immunoblotting. The responses of the animals to flagellin were weak and inconsistent, but antibodies to listeriolysin O were detectable after both oral and subcutaneous challenge. The subclass of antibody involved in this response was shown to be predominantly IgG1.
Collapse
|
49
|
Yeo EE, Low JC. Scintigraphic changes in physis in osteomyelitis. Clin Nucl Med 1991; 16:686-7. [PMID: 1934836 DOI: 10.1097/00003072-199109000-00019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
|
50
|
Hosie BD, Low JC, Bradley HK, Robb J. Nutritional factors associated with vaginal prolapse in ewes. Vet Rec 1991; 128:204-8. [PMID: 2021035 DOI: 10.1136/vr.128.9.204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Serum calcium, magnesium and phosphate values of ewes recently affected by vaginal prolapse were compared with unaffected ewes in four flocks. Subclinical hypocalcaemia was demonstrated in some affected and unaffected ewes in three flocks. Magnesium and phosphate values were normal. In two flocks the body condition of ewes recently affected by vaginal prolapse was variable and reflected the variation in condition found in the flock. In a third flock affected ewes had significantly lower body condition scores than unaffected ewes (P less than 0.001). Analysis of the fourth flock was not possible. Oestrogenic mycotoxins were not detected in any of the feed samples taken from these flocks. The following year the management, nutrition and energy, and the protein and calcium status of ewes in 12 flocks of greyface/mule ewes with a history of a regular high (greater than 3 per cent) or low (less than 1 per cent) prevalence of vaginal prolapse were compared. A high prevalence was not associated with any particular feedstuff. A high or intermediate (1 to 3 per cent) prevalence of vaginal prolapse was found in three of the four flocks managed as a single group and these three flocks were fed on an unrestricted basis. Body condition scoring and beta-hydroxybutyrate estimation confirmed that ewes in these flocks were overfed. The prevalence of vaginal prolapse in the flocks was not related to the serum albumin, calcium or urea of the ewes. Therefore subclinical hypocalcaemia was probably a consequence of vaginal prolapse rather than a cause.
Collapse
|