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Ringwald M, Mangan ME, Eppig JT, Kadin JA, Richardson JE. GXD: a gene expression database for the laboratory mouse. The Gene Expression Database Group. Nucleic Acids Res 1999; 27:106-12. [PMID: 9847152 PMCID: PMC148107 DOI: 10.1093/nar/27.1.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The Gene Expression Database (GXD) is a community resource that stores and integrates expression information for the laboratory mouse, with a particular emphasis on mouse development, and makes these data freely available in formats appropriate for comprehensive analysis. GXD is implemented as a relational database and integrated with the Mouse Genome Database (MGD) to enable global analysis of genotype, expression and phenotype information. Interconnections with sequence databases and with databases from other species further extend GXD's utility for the analysis of gene expression data. GXD is available through the Mouse Genome Informatics Web Site at http://www.informatics.jax.org/
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Eppig JT, Blake JA, Davisson MT, Richardson JE. Informatics for mouse genetics and genome mapping. Methods 1998; 14:179-90. [PMID: 9571075 DOI: 10.1006/meth.1997.0576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Bioinformatics has become an essential part of biological research. The rapid pace of technology development and the ability to carry out biological experimentation in large scale require computerized systems for data management, analysis, and display. Experimentation with the mouse, a major model organism of the Human Genome Initiative, has intensified the need for bioinformatics tools for mouse mapping and genome analysis. This article describes the Mouse Genome Database in the United States, a primary resource for mouse genomic data, as well as resources at the Mammalian Genetics Unit in the United Kingdom and the Animal Genome Database of Japan. Internet addresses are provided for major genetic and physical mapping resources, major genome data sites, and resources of molecular information.
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Blake JA, Eppig JT, Richardson JE, Davisson MT. The Mouse Genome Database (MGD): a community resource. Status and enhancements. The Mouse Genome Informatics Group. Nucleic Acids Res 1998; 26:130-7. [PMID: 9399817 PMCID: PMC147182 DOI: 10.1093/nar/26.1.130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The Mouse Genome Database (MGD) is a comprehensive community database that integrates genetic, genomic and phenotypic information about the laboratory mouse. MGD provides detailed information about genes and genetic markers, elemental data from mapping experiments, descriptions of molecular segments including ESTs, probes, and cDNA clones, homology information between mouse and many other mammalian genomes, and phenotypic descriptions of gene mutations, gene function and mouse strains. All data are supported by citations. Interactive graphical displays of cytogenetic, genetic and physical maps are available. User support is provided through dedicated staff, bulletin boards, and user documentation. MGD can be accessed at http://www.informatics.jax.org
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Ringwald M, Davis GL, Smith AG, Trepanier LE, Begley DA, Richardson JE, Eppig JT. The mouse gene expression database GXD. Semin Cell Dev Biol 1997; 8:489-97. [PMID: 9441954 DOI: 10.1006/scdb.1997.0177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The gene expression database (GXD) is being developed to store and integrate expression information for mouse development. GXD addresses many issues that apply to gene expression databases in general, and its data structures and supporting software tools are generalized in design and thus readily adaptable to other life stages and species. Integration of GXD with the mouse genome database (MGD) and interconnections with other relevant databases will place the gene expression data into the larger biological and analytical context. Here, we describe the design and implementation of GXD and illustrate, in particular, the gene expression annotator, an electronic system for submitting expression data to the database.Copyright 1997 Academic Press Limited Copyright 1997Academic Press Limited
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Blake JA, Richardson JE, Davisson MT, Eppig JT. The Mouse Genome Database (MGD). A comprehensive public resource of genetic, phenotypic and genomic data. The Mouse Genome Informatics Group. Nucleic Acids Res 1997; 25:85-91. [PMID: 9045213 PMCID: PMC146406 DOI: 10.1093/nar/25.1.85] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The Mouse Genome Database (MGD) is a comprehensive community resource of mouse genetic and biological information populated both with data from published literature and with data electronically submitted from the research community. MGD stores genetic, physical and comparative mapping data, clones/probes/PCR information, and phenotype descriptions for genes, mutations and mouse strains. Supporting software for importation, analysis, display and distribution of mouse genetic data have been developed. User support is provided through dedicated staff providing documentation, training, and response to individual user queries. MGD is accessible over the Internet at URL http://www.informatics.jax.org.
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Nadeau JH, Grant PL, Mankala S, Reiner AH, Richardson JE, Eppig JT. A Rosetta stone of mammalian genetics. Nature 1995; 373:363-5. [PMID: 7830773 DOI: 10.1038/373363a0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The Mammalian Comparative Database provides genetic maps of mammalian species. Comparative maps are valuable aids for predicting linkages, developing animal models and studying genome organization and evolution.
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Ringwald M, Baldock R, Bard J, Kaufman M, Eppig JT, Richardson JE, Nadeau JH, Davidson D. A database for mouse development. Science 1994; 265:2033-4. [PMID: 8091224 DOI: 10.1126/science.8091224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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Richardson JE, Duncan WJ, Bharadwaj B, McMeekin JD. Traumatic wound of the heart: value of intraoperative colour Doppler flow imaging. Can J Cardiol 1988; 4:338-40. [PMID: 3228758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
A patient who sustained a traumatic ventricular septal defect from a stab wound is presented. Intraoperative echo-Doppler imaging provided an additional diagnosis of avulsion of anterior papillary muscle of the tricuspid valve prior to cardiotomy. It was concluded that intraoperative echo-Doppler imaging proves a useful guide for cardiac surgery following penetrating trauma.
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Richardson JE. Malaria prophylaxis. THE NEW ZEALAND MEDICAL JOURNAL 1988; 101:613. [PMID: 3173861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Barclay RP, Craig JO, Galloway CA, Richardson JE, Shepherd RC, Smail PJ. The incidence of childhood diabetes in certain parts of Scotland. Scott Med J 1988; 33:237-9. [PMID: 3399876 DOI: 10.1177/003693308803300205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The incidence of diabetes in children under 12 years of age has been studied in three regions of Scotland from 1976 to 1986. These areas represent more than half of the Scottish population of that age group. The overall annual incidence is 17.6 per 100,000, ranging from 16.8 in densely populated areas to 23.4 in more rural areas. Earlier studies have concerned the age group 0-18 years so the present results from a younger age group are, as expected, slightly lower but show the same trends. After a rise to 1983 there appears to have been a drop, but not in all areas. The danger of drawing conclusions from areas of low population or from short periods of time is stressed.
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Richardson JE, Gladman DD, Fam A, Keystone EC. HLA-DR4 in giant cell arteritis: association with polymyalgia rheumatica syndrome. ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM 1987; 30:1293-7. [PMID: 3500727 DOI: 10.1002/art.1780301113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Forty-three patients with well-documented giant cell arteritis (GCA) were studied clinically and with HLA typing. All patients were over age 40. Twenty-two of the patients had coexistent polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR). No association with class I HLA antigens was detected. When compared with HLA findings in 243 healthy controls, HLA-DR4 was increased in patients with GCA and PMR, but not in patients with GCA alone. Pooled analysis of data from 4 published papers confirmed the association of DR4 with GCA and PMR (P much less than 0.00001). Patients with PMR but negative findings of temporal artery biopsies also showed an increased frequency of HLA-DR4, but this did not reach statistical significance, probably because of the small number of subjects. It is likely that the increased frequency of DR4 in GCA patients is related to its association with PMR.
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Richardson JE. Some problems arising from uncertain electricity supply. LEPROSY REV 1987; 58:189-90. [PMID: 3613821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Richardson JE. Focus on: Biomedical Technology Department, Lutheran Medical Center. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENGINEERING 1987; 12:203-7. [PMID: 10282303 DOI: 10.1097/00004669-198705000-00011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The Biomedical Technology Department (BTD) at Lutheran Medical Center, (LMC), Wheat Ridge, CO was started in an attempt to meet the challenges of advancing technology and the new requirements of accrediting agencies. LMC treats 92,000 inpatients and 50,000 outpatients per year. The role of the department technicians has changed since the inception of the BTD, in 1976. The most significant impact, on this role, has been the effective utilization of technical skills to generate income for the hospital. Eight technicians service over 4,200 pieces of equipment for 62 departments. The BTD, at present, has eight clinics under Quality Assurance Testing (QAT) contracts. The department is laying ground work for increase service responsibility to become as cost-effective as possible. Obtaining additional service contracts is essential in utilizing department expertise to generate income for the hospital.
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Bly JL, Jones RC, Richardson JE. Impact of worksite health promotion on health care costs and utilization. Evaluation of Johnson & Johnson's Live for Life program. JAMA 1986; 256:3235-40. [PMID: 3783867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
This study explores the relationship between exposure to a comprehensive worksite health promotion program and health care costs and utilization. The experience of two groups of Johnson & Johnson employees (N = 5192 and N = 3259) exposed to Live for Life, a comprehensive program of health screens, life-style improvement programs, and worksite changes to support healthier life-styles, was compared with that of a control group (N = 2955) over a five-year period. To account for baseline differences, analyses of covariance produced adjusted means for inpatient hospital costs, admissions, hospital days, outpatient costs, and other health costs. Mean annual inpatient cost increases were $43 and $42 for two Live for Life groups vs $76 for the non-Live for Life group. Live for Life groups also had lower rates of increase in hospital days and admissions. No significant differences were found for outpatient or other health care costs.
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Pruzanski W, Sarraf D, Klein M, Lau CY, Richardson JE, Keystone EC. Lymphocytotoxins in vasculitis. Correlation with clinical manifestations and laboratory variables. J Rheumatol 1986; 13:1066-71. [PMID: 2882024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Twenty-eight of 53 patients with various types of vasculitis were found to have cold reacting lymphocytotoxins (LCT). LCT were cytotoxic to both peripheral blood B and T cells as well as to OKT4 and OKT8 subpopulations. The interaction with the B cells was more pronounced than with the T cells as shown by reactivity with the former at higher serum dilutions than with the latter. Similar results were obtained with eluates from the unseparated lymphocytes and from B or from T cells. Partial purification of LCT demonstrated that they belong to the IgM class. LCT correlated with the level of circulating immune complexes as determined by the fluid phase C1q binding assay, but they did not correlate with the level of immunoglobulins, complement or antinuclear factors. The presence of LCT correlated significantly with the activity but not with the disease duration or the number of involved organs. Correlation of LCT with the activity of vasculitis implies that these cytotoxins may have a pathogenetic role and perhaps may serve as a marker for disease activity.
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Commey JO, Amuasi GA, Richardson JE, Asamoah-Baah A. The nutritional status and feeding practices among sick urban pre-school children admitted to a major hospital in Accra, Ghana. ANNALS OF TROPICAL PAEDIATRICS 1985; 5:131-6. [PMID: 2415050 DOI: 10.1080/02724936.1985.11748378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
In a prospective study of 652 sick pre-school children only 33% were found to be adequately nourished. Among the malnourished, 54.3% had first degree malnutrition while 32.3% and 13.4% had second and third degree malnutrition respectively. The majority of malnourished children (72.4%) had undernutrition: kwashiorkor (14.2%), marasmus 7.3%) and marasmic kwashiorkor (6.1%) was relatively less common. Furthermore, 58% of the underweight children were stunted, indicating malnutrition of some considerable duration. Malnutrition was essentially of postnatal origin and closely related to a high incidence of malnutrition-associated illnesses: diarrhoea (74%), measles (51%) and intestinal parasites (54%). Though breast feeding was universal and of adequate duration, milk production was mostly inadequate because of too early supplementation with low-energy cereal gruels with little or no protein-enrichment. The majority of children came from low socio-economic homes (61%) with mostly illiterate or semi-literate mothers. It is essential that newer methods of teaching be employed in the health education of these unfortunate mothers. Health institutions other than well-baby clinics need to have integrated units for nutritional and immunization surveillance and also for serving as avenues for the supply of free supplementary food items to children with poor weight gain, especially those from poor homes. Clinical Nutrition Units are needed to ensure that inpatients receive nutrients sufficient for continuing and catch-up growth.
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Abstract
Admissions of children with measles constituted 8.8% of all admissions to the paediatric medical service of the Korle Bu Teaching Hospital, Accra, over the ten-year-period 1973-1982. Measles remains endemic in urban Accra as in the towns of other developing nations. The peak of admissions occurred in the age range seven to 12 months. Complications were frequent, with a high mortality (16.86%). Bronchopneumonia, the commonest complication (63.9%) was also the commonest cause of death in 51.5% of cases. Comparative national case-mortality rates were, however, surprisingly low and should be accepted with caution. There is an urgent need for intensification of immunization efforts through amalgamation of the preventive and curative services of Ghana, especially for children attending health centres for medical care. Vaccination should be administered before the peak age of admission, preferably at six months of age, with a second dose administered as soon after one year of age as possible.
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Richardson JE. Computer-based education: fact or fad? AMERICAN ANNALS OF THE DEAF 1983; 128:710-713. [PMID: 6356843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
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McCubbin JA, Richardson JE, Langer AW, Kizer JS, Obrist PA. Sympathetic neuronal function and left ventricular performance during behavioral stress in humans: the relationship between plasma catecholamines and systolic time intervals. Psychophysiology 1983; 20:102-10. [PMID: 6828605 DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-8986.1983.tb00910.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Richardson JE, Hamilton W. Diabetes insipidus, diabetes mellitus, optic atrophy, and deafness. 3 cases of 'DIDMOAD' syndrome. Arch Dis Child 1977; 52:796-8. [PMID: 931428 PMCID: PMC1544785 DOI: 10.1136/adc.52.10.796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Three children with diabetes insipidus, diabetes mellitus, optic atrophy, and high-tone deafness were shown to lack vasopressin, indicative of degeneration of the cells of the hypothalamic supraoptic nuclei. The syndrome being due to a single gene defect, inherited as an autosomal recessive, is therefore likely to be the result of an inborn error of metabolism with variable periods of latency in those affected.
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Beaugié JM, Brown CL, Doniach I, Richardson JE. Primary malignant tumours of the thyroid: the relationship between histological classification and clinical behaviour. Br J Surg 1976; 63:173-81. [PMID: 1260243 DOI: 10.1002/bjs.1800630303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
One hundred and seventy-nine primary malignant tumours of the thyroid seen at The London Hospital between 1945 and 1972 were classified by the system of Woolner et al. (1961) and Hazard (1964). The distinct pathological and clinical features of the differentiated primary carcinomas and the similarities and differences between malignant lymphoma and anaplastic carcinoma were confirmed. This study showed the 'benign' behaviour of more than half the 'differentiated' papillary and follicular carcinomas when treated by thyroid lobectomy and the very malignant nature of anaplastic carcinomas and lymphomas whatever their treatment. The behaviour of medullary carcinoma was closer to that of the other differentiated tumours than to the undifferentiated varieties. Our patients were not thought to have been exposed to known goitrogens or previous thyroid irradiation.
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Richardson JE, Beaugié JM, Brown CL. Letter: Solitary thyroid nodule. BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL 1974; 1:637. [PMID: 4821022 PMCID: PMC1633456 DOI: 10.1136/bmj.1.5908.637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Abstract
Abstract
Recent collective experience with thyroid cancer in children in Britain is reported. Fifteen out of 16 patients with papillary carcinoma treated in the years 1962–7 are still living at least 5–10 years later; the sixteenth patient died of an unrelated cause. Two patients with follicular carcinoma also survived. Seven deaths between 1957 and 1970 were due to anaplastic or medullary carcinomas and 1 death was caused by a papillary carcinoma.
These data emphasize that in the treatment of papillary carcinoma we should take account of its prolonged natural history. Radical operations which have serious associated morbidity do not appear to be indicated.
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Richardson JE. Staffing the Hospitals. West J Med 1973. [DOI: 10.1136/bmj.4.5892.609-a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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