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Nölling J, Breton G, Omelchenko MV, Makarova KS, Zeng Q, Gibson R, Lee HM, Dubois J, Qiu D, Hitti J, Wolf YI, Tatusov RL, Sabathe F, Doucette-Stamm L, Soucaille P, Daly MJ, Bennett GN, Koonin EV, Smith DR. Genome sequence and comparative analysis of the solvent-producing bacterium Clostridium acetobutylicum. J Bacteriol 2001; 183:4823-38. [PMID: 11466286 PMCID: PMC99537 DOI: 10.1128/jb.183.16.4823-4838.2001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 563] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The genome sequence of the solvent-producing bacterium Clostridium acetobutylicum ATCC 824 has been determined by the shotgun approach. The genome consists of a 3.94-Mb chromosome and a 192-kb megaplasmid that contains the majority of genes responsible for solvent production. Comparison of C. acetobutylicum to Bacillus subtilis reveals significant local conservation of gene order, which has not been seen in comparisons of other genomes with similar, or, in some cases closer, phylogenetic proximity. This conservation allows the prediction of many previously undetected operons in both bacteria. However, the C. acetobutylicum genome also contains a significant number of predicted operons that are shared with distantly related bacteria and archaea but not with B. subtilis. Phylogenetic analysis is compatible with the dissemination of such operons by horizontal transfer. The enzymes of the solventogenesis pathway and of the cellulosome of C. acetobutylicum comprise a new set of metabolic capacities not previously represented in the collection of complete genomes. These enzymes show a complex pattern of evolutionary affinities, emphasizing the role of lateral gene exchange in the evolution of the unique metabolic profile of the bacterium. Many of the sporulation genes identified in B. subtilis are missing in C. acetobutylicum, which suggests major differences in the sporulation process. Thus, comparative analysis reveals both significant conservation of the genome organization and pronounced differences in many systems that reflect unique adaptive strategies of the two gram-positive bacteria.
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Grandis JR, Drenning SD, Zeng Q, Watkins SC, Melhem MF, Endo S, Johnson DE, Huang L, He Y, Kim JD. Constitutive activation of Stat3 signaling abrogates apoptosis in squamous cell carcinogenesis in vivo. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2000; 97:4227-32. [PMID: 10760290 PMCID: PMC18206 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.97.8.4227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 478] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Field cancerization predisposes the upper aerodigestive tract mucosa to the formation of multiple primary tumors, when exposed to environmental carcinogens. Up-regulation of epidermal growth factor receptor occurs early in squamous cell carcinogenesis and is critical for the loss of growth control in a variety of human cancers, including head and neck squamous cell carcinomas. In these tumor cells in culture, epidermal growth factor receptor stimulation initiates signaling via persistent activation of selective STAT proteins. To determine the timing of Stat3 activation in head and neck carcinogenesis, we studied the expression and constitutive activation of Stat3 in tumors and normal mucosa from patients with head and neck cancer compared with mucosa from controls without cancer. Stat3 was up-regulated and constitutively activated in both primary human head and neck tumors as well as in normal mucosa from these cancer patients compared with control normal mucosa from patients without cancer. In vivo liposome-mediated gene therapy with a Stat3 antisense plasmid efficiently inhibited Stat3 activation, increased tumor cell apoptosis, and decreased Bcl-x(L) expression in a head and neck xenograft model. These findings provide evidence that constitutively activated Stat3 is an early event in head and neck carcinogenesis that contributes to the loss of growth control by an anti-apoptotic mechanism.
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Grandis JR, Drenning SD, Chakraborty A, Zhou MY, Zeng Q, Pitt AS, Tweardy DJ. Requirement of Stat3 but not Stat1 activation for epidermal growth factor receptor- mediated cell growth In vitro. J Clin Invest 1998; 102:1385-92. [PMID: 9769331 PMCID: PMC508986 DOI: 10.1172/jci3785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 398] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Stimulation of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) by ligand(s) leads to activation of signaling molecules including Stat1 and Stat3, two members of the signal transducers and activators of transcription (STAT) protein family. Activation of Stat1 and Stat3 was constitutive in transformed squamous epithelial cells, which produce elevated levels of TGF-alpha, and was enhanced by the addition of exogenous TGF-alpha. Targeting of Stat3 using antisense oligonucleotides directed against the translation initiation site, resulted in significant growth inhibition. In addition, cells stably transfected with dominant negative mutant Stat3 constructs failed to proliferate in vitro. In contrast, targeting of Stat1 using either antisense or dominant-negative strategies had no effect on cell growth. Thus, TGF-alpha/EGFR-mediated autocrine growth of transformed epithelial cells is dependent on activation of Stat3 but not Stat1.
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Ravi R, Bedi GC, Engstrom LW, Zeng Q, Mookerjee B, Gélinas C, Fuchs EJ, Bedi A. Regulation of death receptor expression and TRAIL/Apo2L-induced apoptosis by NF-kappaB. Nat Cell Biol 2001; 3:409-16. [PMID: 11283615 DOI: 10.1038/35070096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 258] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
TRAIL (tumour-necrosis factor-related apoptosis ligand or Apo2L) triggers apoptosis through engagement of the death receptors TRAIL-R1 (also known as DR4) and TRAIL-R2 (DR5). Here we show that the c-Rel subunit of the transcription factor NF-kappaB induces expression of TRAIL-R1 and TRAIL-R2; conversely, a transdominant mutant of the inhibitory protein IkappaBalpha or a transactivation-deficient mutant of c-Rel reduces expression of either death receptor. Whereas NF-kappaB promotes death receptor expression, cytokine-mediated activation of the RelA subunit of NF-kappaB also increases expression of the apoptosis inhibitor, Bcl-xL, and protects cells from TRAIL. Inhibition of NF-kappaB by blocking activation of the IkappaB kinase complex reduces Bcl-x L expression and sensitizes tumour cells to TRAIL-induced apoptosis. The ability to induce death receptors or Bcl-xL may explain the dual roles of NF-kappaB as a mediator or inhibitor of cell death during immune and stress responses.
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Ma YL, Cain RL, Halladay DL, Yang X, Zeng Q, Miles RR, Chandrasekhar S, Martin TJ, Onyia JE. Catabolic effects of continuous human PTH (1--38) in vivo is associated with sustained stimulation of RANKL and inhibition of osteoprotegerin and gene-associated bone formation. Endocrinology 2001; 142:4047-54. [PMID: 11517184 DOI: 10.1210/endo.142.9.8356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 239] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Continuous infusion of PTH in vivo results in active bone resorption. To investigate the molecular basis of the catabolic effect of PTH in vivo, we evaluated the role of OPG and RANKL, which are known to influence osteoclast formation and function. Weanling rats fed a calcium-free diet were parathyroidectomized and infused with PTH via an Alzet pump to examine: 1) the changes of serum-ionized calcium and osteoclast number, 2) the expression of OPG/RANKL mRNA and protein, and 3) the expression of osteoblast phenotype bone formation-associated genes such as osteoblast specific transcription factor, osteocalcin, bone sialoprotein, and type I collagen. PTH (1--38) (0.01--20 microg/100 g) continuous infusion for 1--24 h resulted in a dose-dependent increase in serum-ionized calcium in parathyroidectomized rats and a corresponding dose-dependent increase in osteoclast number, indicating an increased bone resorption. At 20 microg/100 g PTH dose level, serum-ionized calcium was 2.1-fold of the vehicle control and not different from the Sham-parathyroidectomized rats, and osteoclast number was 3-fold of the vehicle control and 1.7-fold of the Sham-parathyroidectomized rats. In the distal femur, RANKL mRNA expression was increased (27-fold) and OPG mRNA expression was decreased (4.6-fold). The changes in RANKL and OPG mRNA levels were rapid (as early as 1 h), dose dependent, and sustained over a 24-h period that was examined. Immunohistochemical evaluation of bone sections confirmed that OPG level was reduced in proximal tibial metaphysis upon PTH infusion. Circulating OPG protein level was also decreased by 32% when compared with the parathyroidectomized control. The expression of genes that mark the osteoblast phenotype was significantly decreased [osteoblast specific transcription factor (2.3-fold), osteocalcin (3-fold), bone sialoprotein (2.8-fold), and type I collagen (5-fold)]. These results suggest that the catabolic effect of PTH infusion in vivo in this well-established resorption model is associated with a reciprocal expression of OPG/RANKL and a co-ordinate decrease in the expression of bone formation-related genes. We propose that the rapid and sustained increase in RANKL and decrease in OPG initiate maintain and favor the cascade of events in the differentiation/recruitment and activation of osteoclasts.
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Zeng Q, Sheng H, Ding Y, Wang L, Yang W, Jiang JZ, Mao WL, Mao HK. Long-Range Topological Order in Metallic Glass. Science 2011; 332:1404-6. [DOI: 10.1126/science.1200324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Zeng Q, Si X, Horstmann H, Xu Y, Hong W, Pallen CJ. Prenylation-dependent association of protein-tyrosine phosphatases PRL-1, -2, and -3 with the plasma membrane and the early endosome. J Biol Chem 2000; 275:21444-52. [PMID: 10747914 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m000453200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
PRL-1, -2, and -3 represent a novel class of protein-tyrosine phosphatase with a C-terminal prenylation motif. Although PRL-1 has been suggested to be associated with the nucleus, the presence of three highly homologous members and the existence of a prenylation motif call for a more detailed examination of their subcellular localization. In the present study, we first demonstrate that mouse PRL-1, -2, and -3 are indeed prenylated. Examination of N-terminal epitope-tagged PRL-1, -2, and -3 expressed in transiently transfected cells suggests that PRL-1, -2, and -3 are present on the plasma membrane and intracellular punctate structures. Stable Chinese hamster ovary cells expressing PRL-1 and -3 in an inducible manner were established. When cells were treated with brefeldin A, PRL-1 and -3 accumulated in a collapsed compact structure around the microtubule-organizing center. Furthermore, PRL-1 and -3 redistributed into swollen vacuole-like structures when cells were treated with wortmannin. These characteristics of PRL-1 and -3 are typical for endosomal proteins. Electron microscope immunogold labeling reveals that PRL-1 and -3 are indeed associated with the plasma membrane and the early endosomal compartment. Expression of PRL-3 is detected in the epithelial cells of the small intestine, where PRL-3 is present in punctate structures in the cytoplasm. When cells are treated with FTI-277, a selective farnesyltransferase inhibitor, PRL-1, -2, and -3 shifted into the nucleus. Furthermore, a mutant form of PRL-2 lacking the C-terminal prenylation signal is associated with the nucleus. These results establish that the primary association of PRL-1, -2, and -3 with the membrane of the cell surface and the early endosome is dependent on their prenylation and that nuclear localization of these proteins may be triggered by a regulatory event that inhibits their prenylation.
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Zeng Q, Hong W, Tan YH. Mouse PRL-2 and PRL-3, two potentially prenylated protein tyrosine phosphatases homologous to PRL-1. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1998; 244:421-7. [PMID: 9514946 DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.1998.8291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) play a fundamental role in regulating diverse cellular processes. PRL-1 is a unique nuclear PTP that is induced in mitogen-stimulated cells and regenerating liver. Database searches using the PRL-1 sequence led to the identification of mouse PRL-2 and PRL-3 which exhibit 87% and 76% identity to mouse PRL-1 in their amino acid sequences. All three mouse PRL proteins contain a C-terminal consensus sequence for prenylation. All PRL proteins bear significant sequence homology to Cdc14p and the recently identified tumor suppressor PTEN/MMAC1, in regions other than the conserved PTP signature motif. The nucleotide sequences of the coding regions of mouse PRL-2 and PRL-3 are, respectively, 71% and 62%, identical to mouse PRL-1, while the 5' un-translated regions of mouse PRL-1, PRL-2, and PRL-3 are much more divergent. Northern blot analysis revealed that PRL-2 is preferentially expressed in skeletal muscle, while PRL-3 is preferentially expressed in both skeletal muscle and heart, although both PRL-2 and PRL-3 are expressed at lower levels in other tissues.
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Schwartz CE, Coulthard-Morris L, Zeng Q. Psychosocial correlates of fatigue in multiple sclerosis. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 1996; 77:165-70. [PMID: 8607741 DOI: 10.1016/s0003-9993(96)90162-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore: (1) the interrelation among the neuropsychological, psychological, and psychosocial factors and fatigue as measured by the Multidimensional Assessment of Fatigue scale, and (2) the impact of fatigue on role performance. DESIGN Clinical interview with neuropsychological testing and cross-sectional study by mail. SETTING Multiple sclerosis (MS) clinic registry of a large Boston teaching hospital. PATIENTS 139 MS patients representing a broad range of disability. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The Multidimensional Assessment of Fatigue (MAF) scale, the Extended Disability Status Scale, the Sickness Impact Profile, Rao cognitive battery, the Trailmaking Test, depression, anxiety, and social activity limitations subscales from the Arthritis Impact Measurement Scales, and the Ryff Happiness Scale. RESULTS Stepwise multiple regression analyses revealed that having a low sense of environmental mastery was the best psychosocial predictor of both global fatigue and fatigue-related distress, after adjusting for sociodemographic and medical factors. Further, people who reported being more depressed tended to report more severe fatigue. Neuropsychological performance was not associated with fatigue. Fatigue was found to limit social, work, and overall role performance, but not physical role performance. CONCLUSIONS People who feel that they can choose or create environments suitable to their psychic or physical conditions report less global fatigue and less fatigue-related distress, and fatigue can have an important impact on role performance. The implications of these findings for designing fatigue management interventions are discussed.
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Aaboud M, Aad G, Abbott B, Abdallah J, Abdinov O, Abeloos B, Aben R, AbouZeid O, Abraham N, Abramowicz H, Abreu H, Abreu R, Abulaiti Y, Acharya B, Adamczyk L, Adams D, Adelman J, Adomeit S, Adye T, Affolder A, Agatonovic-Jovin T, Agricola J, Aguilar-Saavedra J, Ahlen S, Ahmadov F, Aielli G, Akerstedt H, Åkesson T, Akimov A, Alberghi G, Albert J, Albrand S, Alconada Verzini M, Aleksa M, Aleksandrov I, Alexa C, Alexander G, Alexopoulos T, Alhroob M, Aliev M, Alimonti G, Alison J, Alkire S, Allbrooke B, Allen B, Allport P, Aloisio A, Alonso A, Alonso F, Alpigiani C, Alstaty M, Alvarez Gonzalez B, Álvarez Piqueras D, Alviggi M, Amadio B, Amako K, Amaral Coutinho Y, Amelung C, Amidei D, Amor Dos Santos S, Amorim A, Amoroso S, Amundsen G, Anastopoulos C, Ancu L, Andari N, Andeen T, Anders C, Anders G, Anders J, Anderson K, Andreazza A, Andrei V, Angelidakis S, Angelozzi I, Anger P, Angerami A, Anghinolfi F, Anisenkov A, Anjos N, Annovi A, Antonelli M, Antonov A, Anulli F, Aoki M, Aperio Bella L, Arabidze G, Arai Y, Araque J, Arce A, Arduh F, Arguin JF, Argyropoulos S, Arik M, Armbruster A, Armitage L, Arnaez O, Arnold H, Arratia M, Arslan O, Hamano K, Hamilton A, Hamity G, Hamnett P, Han L, Hanagaki K, Hanawa K, Hance M, Haney B, Hanke P, Artamonov A, Hanna R, Hansen J, Hansen J, Hansen M, Hansen P, Hara K, Hard A, Harenberg T, Hariri F, Harkusha S, Artoni G, Harrington R, Harrison P, Hartjes F, Hartmann N, Hasegawa M, Hasegawa Y, Hasib A, Hassani S, Haug S, Hauser R, Artz S, Hauswald L, Havranek M, Hawkes C, Hawkings R, Hayden D, Hays C, Hays J, Hayward H, Haywood S, Head S, Asai S, Heck T, Hedberg V, Heelan L, Heim S, Heim T, Heinemann B, Heinrich J, Heinrich L, Heinz C, Hejbal J, Asbah N, Helary L, Hellman S, Helsens C, Henderson J, Henderson R, Heng Y, Henkelmann S, Henriques Correia A, Henrot-Versille S, Herbert G, Ashkenazi A, Hernández Jiménez Y, Herten G, Hertenberger R, Hervas L, Hesketh G, Hessey N, Hetherly J, Hickling R, Higón-Rodriguez E, Hill E, Åsman B, Hill J, Hiller K, Hillier S, Hinchliffe I, Hines E, Hinman R, Hirose M, Hirschbuehl D, Hobbs J, Hod N, Asquith L, Hodgkinson M, Hodgson P, Hoecker A, Hoeferkamp M, Hoenig F, Hohn D, Holmes T, Homann M, Hong T, Hooberman B, Assamagan K, Hopkins W, Horii Y, Horton A, Hostachy JY, Hou S, Hoummada A, Howarth J, Hrabovsky M, Hristova I, Hrivnac J, Astalos R, Hryn’ova T, Hrynevich A, Hsu C, Hsu P, Hsu SC, Hu D, Hu Q, Huang Y, Hubacek Z, Hubaut F, Atkinson M, Huegging F, Huffman T, Hughes E, Hughes G, Huhtinen M, Hülsing T, Huo P, Huseynov N, Huston J, Huth J, Atlay N, Iacobucci G, Iakovidis G, Ibragimov I, Iconomidou-Fayard L, Ideal E, Idrissi Z, Iengo P, Igonkina O, Iizawa T, Ikegami Y, Augsten K, Ikeno M, Ilchenko Y, Iliadis D, Ilic N, Ince T, Introzzi G, Ioannou P, Iodice M, Iordanidou K, Ippolito V, Avolio G, Ishino M, Ishitsuka M, Ishmukhametov R, Issever C, Istin S, Ito F, Iturbe Ponce J, Iuppa R, Iwanski W, Iwasaki H, Axen B, Izen J, Izzo V, Jabbar S, Jackson B, Jackson M, Jackson P, Jain V, Jakobi K, Jakobs K, Jakobsen S, Ayoub M, Jakoubek T, Jamin D, Jana D, Jansen E, Jansky R, Janssen J, Janus M, Jarlskog G, Javadov N, Javůrek T, Azuelos G, Jeanneau F, Jeanty L, Jejelava J, Jeng GY, Jennens D, Jenni P, Jentzsch J, Jeske C, Jézéquel S, Ji H, Baak M, Jia J, Jiang H, Jiang Y, Jiggins S, Jimenez Pena J, Jin S, Jinaru A, Jinnouchi O, Johansson P, Johns K, Baas A, Johnson W, Jon-And K, Jones G, Jones R, Jones S, Jones T, Jongmanns J, Jorge P, Jovicevic J, Ju X, Baca M, Juste Rozas A, Köhler M, Kaczmarska A, Kado M, Kagan H, Kagan M, Kahn S, Kajomovitz E, Kalderon C, Kaluza A, Bachacou H, Kama S, Kamenshchikov A, Kanaya N, Kaneti S, Kanjir L, Kantserov V, Kanzaki J, Kaplan B, Kaplan L, Kapliy A, Bachas K, Kar D, Karakostas K, Karamaoun A, Karastathis N, Kareem M, Karentzos E, Karnevskiy M, Karpov S, Karpova Z, Karthik K, Backes M, Kartvelishvili V, Karyukhin A, Kasahara K, Kashif L, Kass R, Kastanas A, Kataoka Y, Kato C, Katre A, Katzy J, Backhaus M, Kawagoe K, Kawamoto T, Kawamura G, Kazama S, Kazanin V, Keeler R, Kehoe R, Keller J, Kempster J, Kentaro K, Bagiacchi P, Keoshkerian H, Kepka O, Kerševan B, Kersten S, Keyes R, Khalil-zada F, Khanov A, Kharlamov A, Khoo T, Khovanskiy V, Bagnaia P, Khramov E, Khubua J, Kido S, Kim H, Kim S, Kim Y, Kimura N, Kind O, King B, King M, Bai Y, King S, Kirk J, Kiryunin A, Kishimoto T, Kisielewska D, Kiss F, Kiuchi K, Kivernyk O, Kladiva E, Klein M, Baines J, Klein M, Klein U, Kleinknecht K, Klimek P, Klimentov A, Klingenberg R, Klinger J, Klioutchnikova T, Kluge EE, Kluit P, Baker O, Kluth S, Knapik J, Kneringer E, Knoops E, Knue A, Kobayashi A, Kobayashi D, Kobayashi T, Kobel M, Kocian M, Baldin E, Kodys P, Koffas T, Koffeman E, Koi T, Kolanoski H, Kolb M, Koletsou I, Komar A, Komori Y, Kondo T, Balek P, Kondrashova N, Köneke K, König A, Kono T, Konoplich R, Konstantinidis N, Kopeliansky R, Koperny S, Köpke L, Kopp A, Balestri T, Korcyl K, Kordas K, Korn A, Korol A, Korolkov I, Korolkova E, Kortner O, Kortner S, Kosek T, Kostyukhin V, Balli F, Kotwal A, Kourkoumeli-Charalampidi A, Kourkoumelis C, Kouskoura V, Kowalewska A, Kowalewski R, Kowalski T, Kozakai C, Kozanecki W, Kozhin A, Balunas W, Kramarenko VA, Kramberger G, Krasnopevtsev D, Krasny M, Krasznahorkay A, Kraus J, Kravchenko A, Kretz M, Kretzschmar J, Kreutzfeldt K, Banas E, Krieger P, Krizka K, Kroeninger K, Kroha H, Kroll J, Kroseberg J, Krstic J, Kruchonak U, Krüger H, Krumnack N, Banerjee S, Kruse A, Kruse M, Kruskal M, Kubota T, Kucuk H, Kuday S, Kuechler J, Kuehn S, Kugel A, Kuger F, Bannoura A, Kuhl A, Kuhl T, Kukhtin V, Kukla R, Kulchitsky Y, Kuleshov S, Kuna M, Kunigo T, Kupco A, Kurashige H, Barak L, Kurochkin Y, Kus V, Kuwertz E, Kuze M, Kvita J, Kwan T, Kyriazopoulos D, La Rosa A, La Rosa Navarro J, La Rotonda L, Barberio E, Lacasta C, Lacava F, Lacey J, Lacker H, Lacour D, Lacuesta V, Ladygin E, Lafaye R, Laforge B, Lagouri T, Barberis D, Lai S, Lammers S, Lampl W, Lançon E, Landgraf U, Landon M, Lang V, Lange J, Lankford A, Lanni F, Barbero M, Lantzsch K, Lanza A, Laplace S, Lapoire C, Laporte J, Lari T, Lasagni Manghi F, Lassnig M, Laurelli P, Lavrijsen W, Barillari T, Law A, Laycock P, Lazovich T, Lazzaroni M, Le B, Le Dortz O, Le Guirriec E, Le Quilleuc E, LeBlanc M, LeCompte T, Barklow T, Ledroit-Guillon F, Lee C, Lee S, Lee L, Lefebvre G, Lefebvre M, Legger F, Leggett C, Lehan A, Lehmann Miotto G, Barlow N, Lei X, Leight W, Leisos A, Leister A, Leite M, Leitner R, Lellouch D, Lemmer B, Leney K, Lenz T, Barnes S, Lenzi B, Leone R, Leone S, Leonidopoulos C, Leontsinis S, Lerner G, Leroy C, Lesage A, Lester C, Levchenko M, Barnett B, Levêque J, Levin D, Levinson L, Levy M, Lewis D, Leyko A, Leyton M, Li B, Li H, Li H, Barnett R, Li L, Li L, Li Q, Li S, Li X, Li Y, Liang Z, Liberti B, Liblong A, Lichard P, Barnovska Z, Lie K, Liebal J, Liebig W, Limosani A, Lin S, Lin T, Lindquist B, Lionti A, Lipeles E, Lipniacka A, Baroncelli A, Lisovyi M, Liss T, Lister A, Litke A, Liu B, Liu D, Liu H, Liu H, Liu J, Liu J, Barone G, Liu K, Liu L, Liu M, Liu M, Liu Y, Liu Y, Livan M, Lleres A, Llorente Merino J, Lloyd S, Barr A, Lo Sterzo F, Lobodzinska E, Loch P, Lockman W, Loebinger F, Loevschall-Jensen A, Loew K, Loginov A, Lohse T, Lohwasser K, Barranco Navarro L, Lokajicek M, Long B, Long J, Long RE, Longo L, Looper K, Lopes L, Lopez Mateos D, Lopez Paredes B, Lopez Paz I, Barreiro F, Lopez Solis A, Lorenz J, Lorenzo Martinez N, Losada M, Lösel P, Lou X, Lounis A, Love J, Love P, Lu H, Barreiro Guimarães da Costa J, Lu N, Lubatti H, Luci C, Lucotte A, Luedtke C, Luehring F, Lukas W, Luminari L, Lundberg O, Lund-Jensen B, Bartoldus R, Luzi P, Lynn D, Lysak R, Lytken E, Lyubushkin V, Ma H, Ma L, Ma Y, Maccarrone G, Macchiolo A, Barton A, Macdonald C, Maček B, Machado Miguens J, Madaffari D, Madar R, Maddocks H, Mader W, Madsen A, Maeda J, Maeland S, Bartos P, Maeno T, Maevskiy A, Magradze E, Mahlstedt J, Maiani C, Maidantchik C, Maier A, Maier T, Maio A, Majewski S, Basalaev A, Makida Y, Makovec N, Malaescu B, Malecki P, Maleev V, Malek F, Mallik U, Malon D, Malone C, Maltezos S, Bassalat A, Malyukov S, Mamuzic J, Mancini G, Mandelli B, Mandelli L, Mandić I, Maneira J, Manhaes de Andrade Filho L, Manjarres Ramos J, Mann A, Bates R, Manousos A, Mansoulie B, Mansour J, Mantifel R, Mantoani M, Manzoni S, Mapelli L, Marceca G, March L, Marchiori G, Batista S, Marcisovsky M, Marjanovic M, Marley D, Marroquim F, Marsden S, Marshall Z, Marti-Garcia S, Martin B, Martin T, Martin V, Batley J, Martin dit Latour B, Martinez M, Martin-Haugh S, Martoiu V, Martyniuk A, Marx M, Marzin A, Masetti L, Mashimo T, Mashinistov R, Battaglia M, Masik J, Maslennikov A, Massa I, Massa L, Mastrandrea P, Mastroberardino A, Masubuchi T, Mättig P, Mattmann J, Maurer J, Bauce M, Maxfield S, Maximov D, Mazini R, Mazza S, Mc Fadden N, Mc Goldrick G, Mc Kee S, McCarn A, McCarthy R, McCarthy T, Bauer F, McClymont L, McDonald E, McFarlane K, Mcfayden JA, Mchedlidze G, McMahon S, McPherson R, 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Chitan A, Chizhov M, Choi K, Chomont A, Chouridou S, Chow B, Christodoulou V, Chromek-Burckhart D, Chudoba J, Chuinard A, Chwastowski J, Chytka L, Ciapetti G, Ciftci A, Cinca D, Cindro V, Cioara I, Ciocio A, Cirotto F, Citron Z, Citterio M, Ciubancan M, Clark A, Clark B, Clark M, Clark P, Clarke R, Clement C, Coadou Y, Cobal M, Coccaro A, Cochran J, Coffey L, Colasurdo L, Cole B, Colijn A, Collot J, Colombo T, Compostella G, Conde Muiño P, Coniavitis E, Connell S, Connelly I, Consorti V, Constantinescu S, Conti G, Conventi F, Cooke M, Cooper B, Cooper-Sarkar A, Cormier K, Cornelissen T, Corradi M, Corriveau F, Corso-Radu A, Cortes-Gonzalez A, Cortiana G, Costa G, Costa M, Costanzo D, Cottin G, Cowan G, Cox B, Cranmer K, Crawley S, Cree G, Crépé-Renaudin S, Crescioli F, Cribbs W, Crispin Ortuzar M, Cristinziani M, Croft V, Crosetti G, Cuhadar Donszelmann T, Cummings J, Curatolo M, Cúth J, Cuthbert C, Czirr H, Czodrowski P, D’amen G, D’Auria S, D’Onofrio M, Da Cunha Sargedas De Sousa M, Da Via C, Dabrowski W, Dado T, Dai T, Dale O, Dallaire F, Dallapiccola C, Dam M, Dandoy J, Dang N, Daniells A, Dann N, Danninger M, Dano Hoffmann M, Dao V, Darbo G, Darmora S, Dassoulas J, Dattagupta A, Davey W, David C, Davidek T, Davies M, Davison P, Dawe E, Dawson I, Daya-Ishmukhametova R, De K, de Asmundis R, De Benedetti A, De Castro S, De Cecco S, De Groot N, de Jong P, De la Torre H, De Lorenzi F, De Maria A, De Pedis D, De Salvo A, De Sanctis U, De Santo A, De Vivie De Regie J, Dearnaley W, Debbe R, Debenedetti C, Dedovich D, Dehghanian N, Deigaard I, Del Gaudio M, Del Peso J, Del Prete T, Delgove D, Deliot F, Delitzsch C, Deliyergiyev M, Dell’Acqua A, Dell’Asta L, Dell’Orso M, Della Pietra M, della Volpe D, Delmastro M, Delsart P, Deluca C, DeMarco D, Demers S, Demichev M, Demilly A, Denisov S, Denysiuk D, Derendarz D, Derkaoui J, Derue F, Dervan P, Desch K, Deterre C, Dette K, Deviveiros P, Dewhurst A, Dhaliwal S, Di Ciaccio A, Di Ciaccio L, Di Clemente W, Di Donato C, Di Girolamo A, Di Girolamo B, Di Micco B, Di Nardo R, Di Simone A, Di Sipio R, Di Valentino D, Diaconu C, Diamond M, Dias F, Diaz M, Diehl E, Dietrich J, Diglio S, Dimitrievska A, Dingfelder J, Dita P, Dita S, Dittus F, Djama F, Djobava T, Djuvsland J, do Vale M, Dobos D, Dobre M, Doglioni C, Dohmae T, Dolejsi J, Dolezal Z, Dolgoshein B, Donadelli M, Donati S, Dondero P, Donini J, Dopke J, Doria A, Dova M, Doyle A, Drechsler E, Dris M, Du Y, Duarte-Campderros J, Duchovni E, Duckeck G, Ducu O, Duda D, Dudarev A, Duffield E, Duflot L, Duguid L, Dührssen M, Dumancic M, Dunford M, Duran Yildiz H, Düren M, Durglishvili A, Duschinger D, Dutta B, Dyndal M, Eckardt C, Ecker K, Edgar R, Edwards N, Eifert T, Eigen G, Einsweiler K, Ekelof T, El Kacimi M, Ellajosyula V, Ellert M, Elles S, Ellinghaus F, Elliot A, Ellis N, Elmsheuser J, Elsing M, Emeliyanov D, Enari Y, Endner O, Endo M, Ennis J, Erdmann J, Ereditato A, Ernis G, Ernst J, Ernst M, Errede S, Ertel E, Escalier M, Esch H, Escobar C, Esposito B, Etienvre A, Etzion E, Evans H, Ezhilov A, Fabbri F, Fabbri L, Facini G, Fakhrutdinov R, Falciano S, Falla R, Faltova J, Fang Y, Fanti M, Farbin A, Farilla A, Farina C, Farooque T, Farrell S, Farrington S, Farthouat P, Fassi F, Fassnacht P, Fassouliotis D, Faucci Giannelli M, Favareto A, Fawcett W, Fayard L, Fedin O, Fedorko W, Feigl S, Feligioni L, Feng C, Feng E, Feng H, Fenyuk A, Feremenga L, Fernandez Martinez P, Fernandez Perez S, Ferrando J, Ferrari A, Ferrari P, Ferrari R, Ferreira de Lima D, Ferrer A, Ferrere D, Ferretti C, Ferretto Parodi A, Fiedler F, Filipčič A, Filipuzzi M, Filthaut F, Fincke-Keeler M, Finelli K, Fiolhais M, Fiorini L, Firan A, Fischer A, Fischer C, Fischer J, Fisher W, Flaschel N, Fleck I, Fleischmann P, Fletcher G, Fletcher R, Flick T, Floderus A, Flores Castillo L, Flowerdew M, Forcolin G, Formica A, Forti A, Foster A, Fournier D, Fox H, Fracchia S, Francavilla P, Franchini M, Francis D, Franconi L, Franklin M, Frate M, Fraternali M, Freeborn D, Fressard-Batraneanu S, Friedrich F, Froidevaux D, Frost J, Fukunaga C, Fullana Torregrosa E, Fusayasu T, Fuster J, Gabaldon C, Gabizon O, Gabrielli A, Gabrielli A, Gach G, Gadatsch S, Gadomski S, Gagliardi G, Gagnon L, Gagnon P, Galea C, Galhardo B, Gallas E, Gallop B, Gallus P, Galster G, Gan K, Gao J, Gao Y, Gao Y, Garay Walls F, García C, García Navarro J, Garcia-Sciveres M, Gardner R, Garelli N, Garonne V, Gascon Bravo A, Gatti C, Gaudiello A, Gaudio G, Gaur B, Gauthier L, Gavrilenko I, Gay C, Gaycken G, Gazis E, Gecse Z, Gee C, Geich-Gimbel C, Geisen M, Geisler MP, Gemme C, Genest M, Geng C, Gentile S, George S, Gerbaudo D, Gershon A, Ghasemi S, Ghazlane H, Ghneimat M, Giacobbe B, Giagu S, Giannetti P, Gibbard B, Gibson S, Gignac M, Gilchriese M, Gillam T, Gillberg D, Gilles G, Gingrich D, Giokaris N, Giordani M, Giorgi F, Giorgi F, Giraud P, Giromini P, Giugni D, Giuli F, Giuliani C, Giulini M, Gjelsten B, Gkaitatzis S, Gkialas I, Gkougkousis E, Gladilin L, Glasman C, Glatzer J, Glaysher P, Glazov A, Goblirsch-Kolb M, Godlewski J, Goldfarb S, Golling T, Golubkov D, Gomes A, Gonçalo R, Goncalves Pinto Firmino Da Costa J, Gonella G, Gonella L, Gongadze A, González de la Hoz S, Gonzalez Parra G, Gonzalez-Sevilla S, Goossens L, Gorbounov P, Gordon H, Gorelov I, Gorini B, Gorini E, Gorišek A, Gornicki E, Goshaw A, Gössling C, Gostkin M, Goudet C, Goujdami D, Goussiou A, Govender N, Gozani E, Graber L, Grabowska-Bold I, Gradin P, Grafström P, Gramling J, Gramstad E, Grancagnolo S, Gratchev V, Gravila P, Gray H, Graziani E, Greenwood Z, Grefe C, Gregersen K, Gregor I, Grenier P, Grevtsov K, Griffiths J, Grillo A, Grimm K, Grinstein S, Gris P, Grivaz JF, Groh S, Grohs J, Gross E, Grosse-Knetter J, Grossi G, Grout Z, Guan L, Guan W, Guenther J, Guescini F, Guest D, Gueta O, Guido E, Guillemin T, Guindon S, Gul U, Gumpert C, Guo J, Guo Y, Gupta S, Gustavino G, Gutierrez P, Gutierrez Ortiz N, Gutschow C, Guyot C, Gwenlan C, Gwilliam C, Haas A, Haber C, Hadavand H, Haddad N, Hadef A, Haefner P, Hageböck S, Hajduk Z, Hakobyan H, Haleem M, Haley J, Halladjian G, Hallewell G, Hamacher K, Hamal P. Search for new phenomena in final states with an energetic jet and large missing transverse momentum in ppcollisions at s=13 TeVusing the ATLAS detector. Int J Clin Exp Med 2016. [DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.94.032005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Perlis RH, Iosifescu DV, Castro VM, Murphy SN, Gainer VS, Minnier J, Cai T, Goryachev S, Zeng Q, Gallagher PJ, Fava M, Weilburg JB, Churchill SE, Kohane IS, Smoller JW. Using electronic medical records to enable large-scale studies in psychiatry: treatment resistant depression as a model. Psychol Med 2012; 42:41-50. [PMID: 21682950 PMCID: PMC3837420 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291711000997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Electronic medical records (EMR) provide a unique opportunity for efficient, large-scale clinical investigation in psychiatry. However, such studies will require development of tools to define treatment outcome. METHOD Natural language processing (NLP) was applied to classify notes from 127 504 patients with a billing diagnosis of major depressive disorder, drawn from out-patient psychiatry practices affiliated with multiple, large New England hospitals. Classifications were compared with results using billing data (ICD-9 codes) alone and to a clinical gold standard based on chart review by a panel of senior clinicians. These cross-sectional classifications were then used to define longitudinal treatment outcomes, which were compared with a clinician-rated gold standard. RESULTS Models incorporating NLP were superior to those relying on billing data alone for classifying current mood state (area under receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.85-0.88 v. 0.54-0.55). When these cross-sectional visits were integrated to define longitudinal outcomes and incorporate treatment data, 15% of the cohort remitted with a single antidepressant treatment, while 13% were identified as failing to remit despite at least two antidepressant trials. Non-remitting patients were more likely to be non-Caucasian (p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS The application of bioinformatics tools such as NLP should enable accurate and efficient determination of longitudinal outcomes, enabling existing EMR data to be applied to clinical research, including biomarker investigations. Continued development will be required to better address moderators of outcome such as adherence and co-morbidity.
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Teixeira M, Moreno L, Stielow B, Muszewska A, Hainaut M, Gonzaga L, Abouelleil A, Patané J, Priest M, Souza R, Young S, Ferreira K, Zeng Q, da Cunha M, Gladki A, Barker B, Vicente V, de Souza E, Almeida S, Henrissat B, Vasconcelos A, Deng S, Voglmayr H, Moussa T, Gorbushina A, Felipe M, Cuomo C, de Hoog GS. Exploring the genomic diversity of black yeasts and relatives ( Chaetothyriales, Ascomycota). Stud Mycol 2017; 86:1-28. [PMID: 28348446 PMCID: PMC5358931 DOI: 10.1016/j.simyco.2017.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The order Chaetothyriales (Pezizomycotina, Ascomycetes) harbours obligatorily melanised fungi and includes numerous etiologic agents of chromoblastomycosis, phaeohyphomycosis and other diseases of vertebrate hosts. Diseases range from mild cutaneous to fatal cerebral or disseminated infections and affect humans and cold-blooded animals globally. In addition, Chaetothyriales comprise species with aquatic, rock-inhabiting, ant-associated, and mycoparasitic life-styles, as well as species that tolerate toxic compounds, suggesting a high degree of versatile extremotolerance. To understand their biology and divergent niche occupation, we sequenced and annotated a set of 23 genomes of main the human opportunists within the Chaetothyriales as well as related environmental species. Our analyses included fungi with diverse life-styles, namely opportunistic pathogens and closely related saprobes, to identify genomic adaptations related to pathogenesis. Furthermore, ecological preferences of Chaetothyriales were analysed, in conjuncture with the order-level phylogeny based on conserved ribosomal genes. General characteristics, phylogenomic relationships, transposable elements, sex-related genes, protein family evolution, genes related to protein degradation (MEROPS), carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes), melanin synthesis and secondary metabolism were investigated and compared between species. Genome assemblies varied from 25.81 Mb (Capronia coronata) to 43.03 Mb (Cladophialophora immunda). The bantiana-clade contained the highest number of predicted genes (12 817 on average) as well as larger genomes. We found a low content of mobile elements, with DNA transposons from Tc1/Mariner superfamily being the most abundant across analysed species. Additionally, we identified a reduction of carbohydrate degrading enzymes, specifically many of the Glycosyl Hydrolase (GH) class, while most of the Pectin Lyase (PL) genes were lost in etiological agents of chromoblastomycosis and phaeohyphomycosis. An expansion was found in protein degrading peptidase enzyme families S12 (serine-type D-Ala-D-Ala carboxypeptidases) and M38 (isoaspartyl dipeptidases). Based on genomic information, a wide range of abilities of melanin biosynthesis was revealed; genes related to metabolically distinct DHN, DOPA and pyomelanin pathways were identified. The MAT (MAting Type) locus and other sex-related genes were recognized in all 23 black fungi. Members of the asexual genera Fonsecaea and Cladophialophora appear to be heterothallic with a single copy of either MAT-1-1 or MAT-1-2 in each individual. All Capronia species are homothallic as both MAT1-1 and MAT1-2 genes were found in each single genome. The genomic synteny of the MAT-locus flanking genes (SLA2-APN2-COX13) is not conserved in black fungi as is commonly observed in Eurotiomycetes, indicating a unique genomic context for MAT in those species. The heterokaryon (het) genes expansion associated with the low selective pressure at the MAT-locus suggests that a parasexual cycle may play an important role in generating diversity among those fungi.
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Goeckeler ZM, Masaracchia RA, Zeng Q, Chew TL, Gallagher P, Wysolmerski RB. Phosphorylation of myosin light chain kinase by p21-activated kinase PAK2. J Biol Chem 2000; 275:18366-74. [PMID: 10748018 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m001339200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphorylation of myosin II regulatory light chains (RLC) by Ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent myosin light chain kinase (MLCK) is a critical step in the initiation of smooth muscle and non-muscle cell contraction. Post-translational modifications to MLCK down-regulate enzyme activity, suppressing RLC phosphorylation, myosin II activation, and tension development. Here we report that PAK2, a member of the Rho family of GTPase-dependent kinases, regulates isometric tension development and myosin II RLC phosphorylation in saponin permeabilized endothelial monolayers. PAK2 blunts tension development by 75% while inhibiting diphosphorylation of myosin II RLC. Cdc42-activated placenta and recombinant, constitutively active PAK2 phosphorylate MLCK in vitro with a stoichiometry of 1.71 +/- 0. 21 mol of PO(4)/mol of MLCK. This phosphorylation inhibits MLCK phosphorylation of myosin II RLC. PAK2 catalyzes MLCK phosphorylation on serine residues 439 and 991. Binding calmodulin to MLCK blocks phosphorylation of Ser-991 by PAK2. These results demonstrate that PAK2 can directly phosphorylate MLCK, inhibiting its activity and limiting the development of isometric tension.
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Aaboud M, Aad G, Abbott B, Abdallah J, Abdinov O, Abeloos B, Aben R, AbouZeid OS, Abraham NL, Abramowicz H, Abreu H, Abreu R, Abulaiti Y, Acharya BS, Adachi S, Adamczyk L, Adams DL, Adelman J, Adomeit S, Adye T, Affolder AA, Agatonovic-Jovin T, Aguilar-Saavedra JA, Ahlen SP, Ahmadov F, Aielli G, Akerstedt H, Åkesson TPA, Akimov AV, Alberghi GL, Albert J, Albrand S, Alconada Verzini MJ, Aleksa M, Aleksandrov IN, Alexa C, Alexander G, Alexopoulos T, Alhroob M, Ali B, Aliev M, Alimonti G, Alison J, Alkire SP, Allbrooke BMM, Allen BW, Allport PP, Aloisio A, Alonso A, Alonso F, Alpigiani C, Alshehri AA, Alstaty M, Alvarez Gonzalez B, Álvarez Piqueras D, Alviggi MG, Amadio BT, Amaral Coutinho Y, Amelung C, Amidei D, Amor Dos Santos SP, Amorim A, Amoroso S, Amundsen G, Anastopoulos C, Ancu LS, Andari N, Andeen T, Anders CF, Anders G, Anders JK, Anderson KJ, Andreazza A, Andrei V, Angelidakis S, Angelozzi I, Angerami A, Anghinolfi F, Anisenkov AV, Anjos N, Annovi A, Antel C, Antonelli M, Antonov A, Antrim DJ, Anulli F, Aoki M, Aperio Bella L, Arabidze G, Arai Y, Araque JP, Arce ATH, Arduh FA, Arguin JF, Argyropoulos S, Arik M, Armbruster AJ, Armitage LJ, Arnaez O, Arnold H, Arratia M, Arslan O, Artamonov A, Artoni G, Artz S, Asai S, Asbah N, Ashkenazi A, Åsman B, Asquith L, Assamagan K, Astalos R, Atkinson M, Atlay NB, Augsten K, Avolio G, Axen B, Ayoub MK, Azuelos G, Baak MA, Baas AE, Baca MJ, Bachacou H, Bachas K, Backes M, Backhaus M, Bagiacchi P, Bagnaia P, Bai Y, Baines JT, Bajic M, Baker OK, Baldin EM, Balek P, Balestri T, Balli F, Balunas WK, Banas E, Banerjee S, Bannoura AAE, Barak L, Barberio EL, Barberis D, Barbero M, Barillari T, Barisits MS, Barklow T, Barlow N, Barnes SL, Barnett BM, Barnett RM, Barnovska-Blenessy Z, Baroncelli A, Barone G, Barr AJ, Barranco Navarro L, Barreiro F, Barreiro Guimarães da Costa J, Bartoldus R, Barton AE, Bartos P, Basalaev A, Bassalat A, Bates RL, Batista SJ, Batley JR, Battaglia M, Bauce M, Bauer F, Bawa HS, Beacham JB, Beattie MD, Beau T, Beauchemin PH, Bechtle P, Beck HP, Becker K, Becker M, Beckingham M, Becot C, Beddall AJ, Beddall A, Bednyakov VA, Bedognetti M, Bee CP, Beemster LJ, Beermann TA, Begel M, Behr JK, Bell AS, Bella G, Bellagamba L, Bellerive A, Bellomo M, Belotskiy K, Beltramello O, Belyaev NL, Benary O, Benchekroun D, Bender M, Bendtz K, Benekos N, Benhammou Y, Benhar Noccioli E, Benitez J, Benjamin DP, Bensinger JR, Bentvelsen S, Beresford L, Beretta M, Berge D, Bergeaas Kuutmann E, Berger N, Beringer J, Berlendis S, Bernard NR, Bernius C, Bernlochner FU, Berry T, Berta P, Bertella C, Bertoli G, Bertolucci F, Bertram IA, Bertsche C, Bertsche D, Besjes GJ, Bessidskaia Bylund O, Bessner M, Besson N, Betancourt C, Bethani A, Bethke S, Bevan AJ, Bianchi RM, Bianco M, Biebel O, Biedermann D, Bielski R, Biesuz NV, Biglietti M, Bilbao De Mendizabal J, Billoud TRV, Bilokon H, Bindi M, Bingul A, Bini C, Biondi S, Bisanz T, Bjergaard DM, Black CW, Black JE, Black KM, Blackburn D, Blair RE, Blazek T, Bloch I, Blocker C, Blue A, Blum W, Blumenschein U, Blunier S, Bobbink GJ, Bobrovnikov VS, Bocchetta SS, Bocci A, Bock C, Boehler M, Boerner D, Bogaerts JA, Bogavac D, Bogdanchikov AG, Bohm C, Boisvert V, Bokan P, Bold T, Boldyrev AS, Bomben M, Bona M, Boonekamp M, Borisov A, Borissov G, Bortfeldt J, Bortoletto D, Bortolotto V, Bos K, Boscherini D, Bosman M, Bossio Sola JD, Boudreau J, Bouffard J, Bouhova-Thacker EV, Boumediene D, Bourdarios C, Boutle SK, Boveia A, Boyd J, Boyko IR, Bracinik J, Brandt A, Brandt G, Brandt O, Bratzler U, Brau B, Brau JE, Breaden Madden WD, Brendlinger K, Brennan AJ, Brenner L, Brenner R, Bressler S, Bristow TM, Britton D, Britzger D, Brochu FM, Brock I, Brock R, Brooijmans G, Brooks T, Brooks WK, Brosamer J, Brost E, Broughton JH, Bruckman de Renstrom PA, Bruncko D, Bruneliere R, Bruni A, Bruni G, Bruni LS, Brunt BH, Bruschi M, Bruscino N, Bryant P, Bryngemark L, Buanes T, Buat Q, Buchholz P, Buckley AG, Budagov IA, Buehrer F, Bugge MK, Bulekov 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JK, Nilsson P, Ninomiya Y, Nisati A, Nisius R, Nobe T, Nomachi M, Nomidis I, Nooney T, Norberg S, Nordberg M, Norjoharuddeen N, Novgorodova O, Nowak S, Nozaki M, Nozka L, Ntekas K, Nurse E, Nuti F, O’grady F, O’Neil DC, O’Rourke AA, O’Shea V, Oakham FG, Oberlack H, Obermann T, Ocariz J, Ochi A, Ochoa I, Ochoa-Ricoux JP, Oda S, Odaka S, Ogren H, Oh A, Oh SH, Ohm CC, Ohman H, Oide H, Okawa H, Okumura Y, Okuyama T, Olariu A, Oleiro Seabra LF, Olivares Pino SA, Damazio DO, Olszewski A, Olszowska J, Onofre A, Onogi K, Onyisi PUE, Oreglia MJ, Oren Y, Orestano D, Orlando N, Orr RS, Osculati B, Ospanov R, Otero y Garzon G, Otono H, Ouchrif M, Ould-Saada F, Ouraou A, Oussoren KP, Ouyang Q, Owen M, Owen RE, Ozcan VE, Ozturk N, Pachal K, Pacheco Pages A, Pacheco Rodriguez L, Padilla Aranda C, Pagáčová M, Pagan Griso S, Paganini M, Paige F, Pais P, Pajchel K, Palacino G, Palazzo S, Palestini S, Palka M, Pallin D, St. Panagiotopoulou E, Panagoulias I, Pandini CE, Panduro Vazquez JG, Pani P, Panitkin S, Pantea D, Paolozzi L, Papadopoulou TD, Papageorgiou K, Paramonov A, Paredes Hernandez D, Parker AJ, Parker MA, Parker KA, Parodi F, Parsons JA, Parzefall U, Pascuzzi VR, Pasqualucci E, Passaggio S, Pastore F, Pásztor G, Pataraia S, Pater JR, Pauly T, Pearce J, Pearson B, Pedersen LE, Pedersen M, Pedraza Lopez S, Pedro R, Peleganchuk SV, Penc O, Peng C, Peng H, Penwell J, Peralva BS, Perego MM, Perepelitsa DV, Perez Codina E, Perini L, Pernegger H, Perrella S, Peschke R, Peshekhonov VD, Peters K, Peters RFY, Petersen BA, Petersen TC, Petit E, Petridis A, Petridou C, Petroff P, Petrolo E, Petrov M, Petrucci F, Pettersson NE, Peyaud A, Pezoa R, Phillips PW, Piacquadio G, Pianori E, Picazio A, Piccaro E, Piccinini M, Pickering MA, Piegaia R, Pilcher JE, Pilkington AD, Pin AWJ, Pinamonti M, Pinfold JL, Pingel A, Pires S, Pirumov H, Pitt M, Plazak L, Pleier MA, Pleskot V, Plotnikova E, Pluth D, Poettgen R, Poggioli L, Pohl D, Polesello G, Poley A, Policicchio A, Polifka R, Polini A, Pollard CS, Polychronakos V, Pommès K, Pontecorvo L, Pope BG, Popeneciu GA, Poppleton A, Pospisil S, Potamianos K, Potrap IN, Potter CJ, Potter CT, Poulard G, Poveda J, Pozdnyakov V, Pozo Astigarraga ME, Pralavorio P, Pranko A, Prell S, Price D, Price LE, Primavera M, Prince S, Prokofiev K, Prokoshin F, Protopopescu S, Proudfoot J, Przybycien M, Puddu D, Purohit M, Puzo P, Qian J, Qin G, Qin Y, Quadt A, Quayle WB, Queitsch-Maitland M, Quilty D, Raddum S, Radeka V, Radescu V, Radhakrishnan SK, Radloff P, Rados P, Ragusa F, Rahal G, Raine JA, Rajagopalan S, Rammensee M, Rangel-Smith C, Ratti MG, Rauch DM, Rauscher F, Rave S, Ravenscroft T, Ravinovich I, Raymond M, Read AL, Readioff NP, Reale M, Rebuzzi DM, Redelbach A, Redlinger G, Reece R, Reed RG, Reeves K, Rehnisch L, Reichert J, Reiss A, Rembser C, Ren H, Rescigno M, Resconi S, Rezanova OL, Reznicek P, Rezvani R, Richter R, Richter S, Richter-Was E, Ricken O, Ridel M, Rieck P, Riegel CJ, Rieger J, Rifki O, Rijssenbeek M, Rimoldi A, Rimoldi M, Rinaldi L, Ristić B, Ritsch E, Riu I, Rizatdinova F, Rizvi E, Rizzi C, Robertson SH, Robichaud-Veronneau A, Robinson D, Robinson JEM, Robson A, Roda C, Rodina Y, Rodriguez Perez A, Rodriguez Rodriguez D, Roe S, Rogan CS, Røhne O, Roloff J, Romaniouk A, Romano M, Romano Saez SM, Romero Adam E, Rompotis N, Ronzani M, Roos L, Ros E, Rosati S, Rosbach K, Rose P, Rosien NA, Rossetti V, Rossi E, Rossi LP, Rosten JHN, Rosten R, Rotaru M, Roth I, Rothberg J, Rousseau D, Rozanov A, Rozen Y, Ruan X, Rubbo F, Rudolph MS, Rühr F, Ruiz-Martinez A, Rurikova Z, Rusakovich NA, Ruschke A, Russell HL, Rutherfoord JP, Ruthmann N, Ryabov YF, Rybar M, Rybkin G, Ryu S, Ryzhov A, Rzehorz GF, Saavedra AF, Sabato G, Sacerdoti S, Sadrozinski HFW, Sadykov R, Safai Tehrani F, Saha P, Sahinsoy M, Saimpert M, Saito T, Sakamoto H, Sakurai Y, Salamanna G, Salamon A, Salazar Loyola JE, Salek D, Sales De Bruin PH, Salihagic D, Salnikov A, Salt J, Salvatore D, Salvatore F, Salvucci A, Salzburger A, Sammel D, Sampsonidis D, Sánchez J, Sanchez Martinez V, Sanchez Pineda A, Sandaker H, Sandbach RL, Sandhoff M, Sandoval C, Sankey DPC, Sannino M, Sansoni A, Santoni C, Santonico R, Santos H, Santoyo Castillo I, Sapp K, Sapronov A, Saraiva JG, Sarrazin B, Sasaki O, Sato K, Sauvan E, Savage G, Savard P, Savic N, Sawyer C, Sawyer L, Saxon J, Sbarra C, Sbrizzi A, Scanlon T, Scannicchio DA, Scarcella M, Scarfone V, Schaarschmidt J, Schacht P, Schachtner BM, Schaefer D, Schaefer L, Schaefer R, Schaeffer J, Schaepe S, Schaetzel S, Schäfer U, Schaffer AC, Schaile D, Schamberger RD, Scharf V, Schegelsky VA, Scheirich D, Schernau M, Schiavi C, Schier S, Schillo C, Schioppa M, Schlenker S, Schmidt-Sommerfeld KR, Schmieden K, Schmitt C, Schmitt S, Schmitz S, Schneider B, Schnoor U, Schoeffel L, Schoening A, Schoenrock BD, Schopf E, Schott M, Schouwenberg JFP, Schovancova J, Schramm S, Schreyer M, Schuh N, Schulte A, Schultens MJ, Schultz-Coulon HC, Schulz H, Schumacher M, Schumm BA, Schune P, Schwartzman A, Schwarz TA, Schweiger H, Schwemling P, Schwienhorst R, Schwindling J, Schwindt T, Sciolla G, Scuri F, Scutti F, Searcy J, Seema P, Seidel SC, Seiden A, Seifert F, Seixas JM, Sekhniaidze G, Sekhon K, Sekula SJ, Seliverstov DM, Semprini-Cesari N, Serfon C, Serin L, Serkin L, Sessa M, Seuster R, Severini H, Sfiligoj T, Sforza F, Sfyrla A, Shabalina E, Shaikh NW, Shan LY, Shang R, Shank JT, Shapiro M, Shatalov PB, Shaw K, Shaw SM, Shcherbakova A, Shehu CY, Sherwood P, Shi L, Shimizu S, Shimmin CO, Shimojima M, Shirabe S, Shiyakova M, Shmeleva A, Shoaleh Saadi D, Shochet MJ, Shojaii S, Shope DR, Shrestha S, Shulga E, Shupe MA, Sicho P, Sickles AM, Sidebo PE, Sideras Haddad E, Sidiropoulou O, Sidorov D, Sidoti A, Siegert F, Sijacki D, Silva J, Silverstein SB, Simak V, Simic L, Simion S, Simioni E, Simmons B, Simon D, Simon M, Sinervo P, Sinev NB, Sioli M, Siragusa G, Sivoklokov SY, Sjölin J, Skinner MB, Skottowe HP, Skubic P, Slater M, Slavicek T, Slawinska M, Sliwa K, Slovak R, Smakhtin V, Smart BH, Smestad L, Smiesko J, Smirnov SY, Smirnov Y, Smirnova LN, Smirnova O, Smith JW, Smith MNK, Smith RW, Smizanska M, Smolek K, Snesarev AA, Snyder IM, Snyder S, Sobie R, Socher F, Soffer A, Soh DA, Sokhrannyi G, Solans Sanchez CA, Solar M, Soldatov EY, Soldevila U, Solodkov AA, Soloshenko A, Solovyanov OV, Solovyev V, Sommer P, Son H, Song HY, Sood A, Sopczak A, Sopko V, Sorin V, Sosa D, Sotiropoulou CL, Soualah R, Soukharev AM, South D, Sowden BC, Spagnolo S, Spalla M, Spangenberg M, Spanò F, Sperlich D, Spettel F, Spieker TM, Spighi R, Spigo G, Spiller LA, Spousta M, St. Denis RD, Stabile A, Stamen R, Stamm S, Stanecka E, Stanek RW, Stanescu C, Stanescu-Bellu M, Stanitzki MM, Stapnes S, Starchenko EA, Stark GH, Stark J, Staroba P, Starovoitov P, Stärz S, Staszewski R, Steinberg P, Stelzer B, Stelzer HJ, Stelzer-Chilton O, Stenzel H, Stewart GA, Stillings JA, Stockton MC, Stoebe M, Stoicea G, Stolte P, Stonjek S, Stradling AR, Straessner A, Stramaglia ME, Strandberg J, Strandberg S, Strandlie A, Strauss M, Strizenec P, Ströhmer R, Strom DM, Stroynowski R, Strubig A, Stucci SA, Stugu B, Styles NA, Su D, Su J, Suchek S, Sugaya Y, Suk M, Sulin VV, Sultansoy S, Sumida T, Sun S, Sun X, Sundermann JE, Suruliz K, Suster CJE, Sutton MR, Suzuki S, Svatos M, Swiatlowski M, Swift SP, Sykora I, Sykora T, Ta D, Taccini C, Tackmann K, Taenzer J, Taffard A, Tafirout R, Taiblum N, Takai H, Takashima R, Takeshita T, Takubo Y, Talby M, Talyshev AA, Tan KG, Tanaka J, Tanaka M, Tanaka R, Tanaka S, Tanioka R, Tannenwald BB, Tapia Araya S, Tapprogge S, Tarem S, Tartarelli GF, Tas P, Tasevsky M, Tashiro T, Tassi E, Tavares Delgado A, Tayalati Y, Taylor AC, Taylor GN, Taylor PTE, Taylor W, Teischinger FA, Teixeira-Dias P, Temming KK, Temple D, Ten Kate H, Teng PK, Teoh JJ, Tepel F, Terada S, Terashi K, Terron J, Terzo S, Testa M, Teuscher RJ, Theveneaux-Pelzer T, Thomas JP, Thomas-Wilsker J, Thompson PD, Thompson AS, Thomsen LA, Thomson E, Tibbetts MJ, Ticse Torres RE, Tikhomirov VO, Tikhonov YA, Timoshenko S, Tipton P, Tisserant S, Todome K, Todorov T, Todorova-Nova S, Tojo J, Tokár S, Tokushuku K, Tolley E, Tomlinson L, Tomoto M, Tompkins L, Toms K, Tong B, Tornambe P, Torrence E, Torres H, Torró Pastor E, Toth J, Touchard F, Tovey DR, Trefzger T, Tricoli A, Trigger IM, Trincaz-Duvoid S, Tripiana MF, Trischuk W, Trocmé B, Trofymov A, Troncon C, Trottier-McDonald M, Trovatelli M, Truong L, Trzebinski M, Trzupek A, Tseng JCL, Tsiareshka PV, Tsipolitis G, Tsirintanis N, Tsiskaridze S, Tsiskaridze V, Tskhadadze EG, Tsui KM, Tsukerman II, Tsulaia V, Tsuno S, Tsybychev D, Tu Y, Tudorache A, Tudorache V, Tulbure TT, Tuna AN, Tupputi SA, Turchikhin S, Turgeman D, Turk Cakir I, Turra R, Tuts PM, Ucchielli G, Ueda I, Ughetto M, Ukegawa F, Unal G, Undrus A, Unel G, Ungaro FC, Unno Y, Unverdorben C, Urban J, Urquijo P, Urrejola P, Usai G, Usui J, Vacavant L, Vacek V, Vachon B, Valderanis C, Valdes Santurio E, Valencic N, Valentinetti S, Valero A, Valery L, Valkar S, Valls Ferrer JA, Van Den Wollenberg W, Van Der Deijl PC, van der Graaf H, van Eldik N, van Gemmeren P, Van Nieuwkoop J, van Vulpen I, van Woerden MC, Vanadia M, Vandelli W, Vanguri R, Vaniachine A, Vankov P, Vardanyan G, Vari R, Varnes EW, Varol T, Varouchas D, Vartapetian A, Varvell KE, Vasquez JG, Vasquez GA, Vazeille F, Vazquez Schroeder T, Veatch J, Veeraraghavan V, Veloce LM, Veloso F, Veneziano S, Ventura A, Venturi M, Venturi N, Venturini A, Vercesi V, Verducci M, Verkerke W, Vermeulen JC, Vest A, Vetterli MC, Viazlo O, Vichou I, Vickey T, Vickey Boeriu OE, Viehhauser GHA, Viel S, Vigani L, Villa M, Villaplana Perez M, Vilucchi E, Vincter MG, Vinogradov VB, Vittori C, Vivarelli I, Vlachos S, Vlasak M, Vogel M, Vokac P, Volpi G, Volpi M, von der Schmitt H, von Toerne E, Vorobel V, Vorobev K, Vos M, Voss R, Vossebeld JH, Vranjes N, Vranjes Milosavljevic M, Vrba V, Vreeswijk M, Vuillermet R, Vukotic I, Wagner P, Wagner W, Wahlberg H, Wahrmund S, Wakabayashi J, Walder J, Walker R, Walkowiak W, Wallangen V, Wang C, Wang C, Wang F, Wang H, Wang H, Wang J, Wang J, Wang K, Wang R, Wang SM, Wang T, Wang W, Wanotayaroj C, Warburton A, Ward CP, Wardrope DR, Washbrook A, Watkins PM, Watson AT, Watson MF, Watts G, Watts S, Waugh BM, Webb S, Weber MS, Weber SW, Weber SA, Webster JS, Weidberg AR, Weinert B, Weingarten J, Weiser C, Weits H, Wells PS, Wenaus T, Wengler T, Wenig S, Wermes N, Werner MD, Werner P, Wessels M, Wetter J, Whalen K, Whallon NL, Wharton AM, White A, White MJ, White R, Whiteson D, Wickens FJ, Wiedenmann W, Wielers M, Wiglesworth C, Wiik-Fuchs LAM, Wildauer A, Wilk F, Wilkens HG, Williams HH, Williams S, Willis C, Willocq S, Wilson JA, Wingerter-Seez I, Winklmeier F, Winston OJ, Winter BT, Wittgen M, Wolf TMH, Wolff R, Wolter MW, Wolters H, Worm SD, Wosiek BK, Wotschack J, Woudstra MJ, Wozniak KW, Wu M, Wu M, Wu SL, Wu X, Wu Y, Wyatt TR, Wynne BM, Xella S, Xi Z, Xu D, Xu L, Yabsley B, Yacoob S, Yamaguchi D, Yamaguchi Y, Yamamoto A, Yamamoto S, Yamanaka T, Yamauchi K, Yamazaki Y, Yan Z, Yang H, Yang H, Yang Y, Yang Z, Yao WM, Yap YC, Yasu Y, Yatsenko E, Yau Wong KH, Ye J, Ye S, Yeletskikh I, Yildirim E, Yorita K, Yoshida R, Yoshihara K, Young C, Young CJS, Youssef S, Yu DR, Yu J, Yu JM, Yu J, Yuan L, Yuen SPY, Yusuff I, Zabinski B, Zacharis G, Zaidan R, Zaitsev AM, Zakharchuk N, Zalieckas J, Zaman A, Zambito S, Zanello L, Zanzi D, Zeitnitz C, Zeman M, Zemla A, Zeng JC, Zeng Q, Zenin O, Ženiš T, Zerwas D, Zhang D, Zhang F, Zhang G, Zhang H, Zhang J, Zhang L, Zhang L, Zhang M, Zhang R, Zhang R, Zhang X, Zhang Z, Zhao X, Zhao Y, Zhao Z, Zhemchugov A, Zhong J, Zhou B, Zhou C, Zhou L, Zhou L, Zhou M, Zhou N, Zhu CG, Zhu H, Zhu J, Zhu Y, Zhuang X, Zhukov K, Zibell A, Zieminska D, Zimine NI, Zimmermann C, Zimmermann S, Zinonos Z, Zinser M, Ziolkowski M, Živković L, Zobernig G, Zoccoli A, zur Nedden M, Zwalinski L. Performance of the ATLAS trigger system in 2015. THE EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL. C, PARTICLES AND FIELDS 2017; 77:317. [PMID: 28943784 PMCID: PMC5586243 DOI: 10.1140/epjc/s10052-017-4852-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Accepted: 04/23/2017] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
During 2015 the ATLAS experiment recorded [Formula: see text] of proton-proton collision data at a centre-of-mass energy of [Formula: see text]. The ATLAS trigger system is a crucial component of the experiment, responsible for selecting events of interest at a recording rate of approximately 1 kHz from up to 40 MHz of collisions. This paper presents a short overview of the changes to the trigger and data acquisition systems during the first long shutdown of the LHC and shows the performance of the trigger system and its components based on the 2015 proton-proton collision data.
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Zhu W, Zeng Q, Colangelo CM, Lewis M, Summers MF, Scott RA. The N-terminal domain of TFIIB from Pyrococcus furiosus forms a zinc ribbon. NATURE STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY 1996; 3:122-4. [PMID: 8564536 DOI: 10.1038/nsb0296-122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The three-dimensional structure of the N-terminal domain of an archaeal TFIIB, which has high sequence homology with eucaryal analogues, is strikingly similar to that of the C-terminal zinc ribbon of the eucaryal transcription elongation factor TFIIB.
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Schwartz CE, Coulthard-Morris L, Zeng Q, Retzlaff P. Measuring self-efficacy in people with multiple sclerosis: a validation study. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 1996; 77:394-8. [PMID: 8607766 DOI: 10.1016/s0003-9993(96)90091-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the psychometric properties of a measure of self-efficacy in people with multiple sclerosis (MS). DESIGN Cross-sectional study by mail with retest. SETTING MS Clinic registry of a large Boston teaching hospital . PATIENTS 141 MS patients representing a broad range of disability. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The MS Self-Efficacy Scale (MSSE), the Expanded Disability Status Scale, the Sickness Impact Profile, and the mastery subscale of the Ryff Happiness Scale. RESULTS The MSSE has high internal consistency and test-retest reliability, both for the overall scale and for the SE Function and SE Control subscales. Results of convergent and divergent validity analyses suggest that the scale is both sensitive and specific. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that MSSE is appropriate for assessing self-efficacy in the MS population.
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Li SP, Zhang GH, Zeng Q, Huang ZG, Wang YT, Dong TTX, Tsim KWK. Hypoglycemic activity of polysaccharide, with antioxidation, isolated from cultured Cordyceps mycelia. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2006; 13:428-33. [PMID: 16716913 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2005.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2004] [Accepted: 02/01/2005] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Cordyceps sinensis, a well-known traditional Chinese medicine, possesses anti-tumor, immunostimulant and antioxidant activities; however, the identities of active components have not been determined. In our previous study using antioxidant activity-guided fractionation [Li et al., 2003. A polysaccharide isolated from Cordyceps sinensis, a traditional Chinese medicine, protects PC12 cells against hydrogen peroxide-induced injury. Life Sci. 73, 2503-2513], a polysaccharide of molecular weight approximately 210kDa was isolated from cultured Cordyceps mycelia by ion-exchange and sizing chromatography. The isolated polysaccharide, named CSP-1, which has strong anti-oxidation activity, contains glucose, mannose and galactose in the ratio of 1:0.6:0.75. In the present study, we demonstrated the hypoglycemic effect of CSP-1 on normal and alloxan-diabetic mice and streptozotocin (STZ)-diabetic rats. The basal glucose level did not differ significantly among the normal mice. CSP-1 (at 200 and 400mg/kg body wt./day for 7 days, p.o.), however, significantly reduced the blood glucose level by 12.0+/-3.2% and 22.5+/-4.7% in normal mice, respectively (p<0.05). When administered at a dose of higher than 200mg/kg body wt. daily for 7 days, CSP-1 produced a significant drop in blood glucose level in both STZ-induced diabetic rats and alloxan-induced diabetic mice. The serum insulin levels in diabetic animals were also increased by administration of CSP-1 (p<0.05). CSP-1 with hypoglycemic properties increased circulating insulin level in diabetic animals, which suggests that CSP-1 may stimulate pancreatic release of insulin and/or reduce insulin metabolism.
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Schnitzer TJ, Truitt K, Fleischmann R, Dalgin P, Block J, Zeng Q, Bolognese J, Seidenberg B, Ehrich EW. The safety profile, tolerability, and effective dose range of rofecoxib in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Phase II Rofecoxib Rheumatoid Arthritis Study Group. Clin Ther 1999; 21:1688-702. [PMID: 10566565 DOI: 10.1016/s0149-2918(99)80048-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. (NSAIDs) inhibit both cyclooxygenase (COX)-1 and COX-2 isoenzymes and are effective in the treatment of inflammatory disorders. This 8-week, double-masked, placebo-controlled trial was undertaken to assess the safety profile, tolerability, and effective dose range of once-daily rofecoxib, a COX-2-specific inhibitor, in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). After a 3- to 15-day washout of prior NSAID therapy, 658 patients were randomly allocated to receive placebo or rofecoxib 5 mg, 25 mg, or 50 mg once daily. Safety profile, tolerability, and efficacy were evaluated after 2, 4, and 8 weeks of therapy. Six hundred fifty-eight patients (168, 158, 171, and 161 in the placebo and 5-mg, 25-mg, and 50-mg rofecoxib groups, respectively) were enrolled at 79 clinical centers in the United States. Mean age was 55 years, mean duration of RA was 10 years, and 506 (77%) of the 658 patients were female. All groups had similar baseline demographic characteristics. Patients taking rofecoxib 25 and 50 mg showed significant clinical improvement compared with those taking placebo; 43.9% in the rofecoxib 25-mg group and 49.7% in the rofecoxib 50-mg group completed the treatment period and achieved an American College of Rheumatology 20 response (P = 0.025 and 0.001 vs. placebo, respectively). The 5-mg dose of rofecoxib did not differ significantly from placebo. Patients in the rofecoxib 25- and 50-mg groups showed significant improvement in key individual efficacy measurements, including patient global assessment of pain, patient and investigator global assessment of disease activity, and Stanford Health Assessment Questionnaire Disability Index (P<0.05 vs placebo). Compared with placebo, significantly fewer patients in the 25-mg and 50-mg rofecoxib groups discontinued therapy because of lack of efficacy (P = 0.02 and P = 0.032, respectively). Our results show that rofecoxib 25 and 50 mg once daily was effective and generally well-tolerated in patients with RA.
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He Y, Zeng Q, Drenning SD, Melhem MF, Tweardy DJ, Huang L, Grandis JR. Inhibition of human squamous cell carcinoma growth in vivo by epidermal growth factor receptor antisense RNA transcribed from the U6 promoter. J Natl Cancer Inst 1998; 90:1080-7. [PMID: 9672256 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/90.14.1080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck (SCCHN), unlike normal mucosal squamous epithelial cells, overexpress epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) messenger RNA and protein. EGFR protein is required to sustain the proliferation of SCCHN cells in vitro. To determine whether EGFR expression contributes to tumor growth, we investigated the effect of suppressing EGFR expression in tumor xenografts through in situ expression of antisense oligonucleotides. METHODS Intratumoral cationic liposome-mediated gene transfer was used to deliver plasmids capable of expressing sense or antisense EGFR sequences into human head and neck tumors, which were grown as subcutaneous xenografts in nude mice. The oligonucleotides were expressed under the control of the U6 RNA promoter. RESULTS Direct inoculation of the EGFR antisense (but not the corresponding sense) plasmid construct into established SCCHN xenografts resulted in inhibition of tumor growth, suppression of EGFR protein expression, and an increased rate of apoptosis (programmed cell death). Sustained antitumor effects were observed for up to 2 weeks after the treatments were discontinued. CONCLUSION These results suggest that interference with EGFR expression, using an antisense-based gene therapy approach, may be an effective means of treating EGFR-overexpressing tumors, including SCCHN.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/genetics
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/therapy
- ErbB Receptors/biosynthesis
- ErbB Receptors/genetics
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Genetic Therapy/methods
- Head and Neck Neoplasms/genetics
- Head and Neck Neoplasms/therapy
- Humans
- Mice
- Mice, Nude
- Neoplasm Transplantation
- Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Promoter Regions, Genetic
- RNA, Antisense/genetics
- RNA, Antisense/therapeutic use
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Neoplasm/genetics
- RNA-Directed DNA Polymerase
- Recombinant Fusion Proteins/genetics
- Ribonucleoprotein, U4-U6 Small Nuclear/genetics
- Transcription, Genetic
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M, Yamauchi K, Yamazaki Y, Yan Z, Bona M, Yang H, Yang H, Yang Y, Yang Z, Yao WM, Yap Y, Yasu Y, Yatsenko E, Yau Wong K, Ye J, Boonekamp M, Ye S, Yeletskikh I, Yigitbasi E, Yildirim E, Yorita K, Yoshihara K, Young C, Young C, Yu J, Yu J, Borisov A, Yuen S, Yusuff I, Zabinski B, Zacharis G, Zaidan R, Zaitsev A, Zakharchuk N, Zalieckas J, Zaman A, Zambito S, Borissov G, Zanzi D, Zeitnitz C, Zemaityte G, Zemla A, Zeng J, Zeng Q, Zenin O, Ženiš T, Zerwas D, Zhang D, Bortfeldt J, Zhang D, Zhang F, Zhang G, Zhang H, Zhang J, Zhang L, Zhang L, Zhang M, Zhang P, Zhang R, Bortoletto D, Zhang R, Zhang X, Zhang Y, Zhang Z, Zhao X, Zhao Y, Zhao Z, Zhemchugov A, Zhou B, Zhou C, Bortolotto V, Zhou L, Zhou M, Zhou M, Zhou N, Zhu C, Zhu H, Zhu J, Zhu Y, Zhuang X, Zhukov K, Boscherini D, Zibell A, Zieminska D, Zimine N, Zimmermann C, Zimmermann S, Zinonos Z, Zinser M, Ziolkowski M, Živković L, Zobernig G, Bosman M, Zoccoli A, Zou R, zur Nedden M, Zwalinski L, Bossio Sola J, Boudreau J, Bouffard J, Bouhova-Thacker E, Boumediene D, Bourdarios C, Boutle S, Boveia A, Boyd J, Boyko I, Bracinik J, Brandt A, Brandt G, Brandt O, Bratzler U, Brau B, Brau J, Breaden Madden W, Brendlinger K, Brennan A, Brenner L, Brenner R, Bressler S, Briglin D, Bristow T, Britton D, Britzger D, Brochu F, Brock I, Brock R, Brooijmans G, Brooks T, Brooks W, Brosamer J, Brost E, Broughton J, Bruckman de Renstrom P, Bruncko D, Bruni A, Bruni G, Bruni L, Brunt B, Bruschi M, Bruscino N, Bryant P, Bryngemark L, Buanes T, Buat Q, Buchholz P, Buckley A, Budagov I, Buehrer F, Bugge M, Bulekov O, Bullock D, Burch T, Burckhart H, Burdin S, Burgard C, Burger A, Burghgrave B, Burka K, Burke S, Burmeister I, Burr J, Busato E, Büscher D, Büscher V, Bussey P, Butler J, Buttar C, Butterworth J, Butti P, Buttinger W, Buzatu A, Buzykaev A, Cabrera Urbán S, Caforio D, Cairo V, Cakir O, Calace N, Calafiura P, Calandri A, Calderini G, Calfayan P, Callea G, Caloba L, Calvente Lopez S, Calvet D, Calvet S, Calvet T, Camacho Toro R, Camarda S, Camarri P, Cameron D, Caminal Armadans R, Camincher C, Campana S, Campanelli M, Camplani A, Campoverde A, Canale V, Cano Bret M, Cantero J, Cao T, Capeans Garrido M, Caprini I, Caprini M, Capua M, Carbone R, Cardarelli R, Cardillo F, Carli I, Carli T, Carlino G, Carlson B, Carminati L, Carney R, Caron S, Carquin E, Carrá S, Carrillo-Montoya G, Carvalho J, Casadei D, Casado M, Casolino M, Casper D, Castelijn R, Castillo Gimenez V, Castro N, Catinaccio A, Catmore J, Cattai A, Caudron J, Cavaliere V, Cavallaro E, Cavalli D, Cavalli-Sforza M, Cavasinni V, Celebi E, Ceradini F, Cerda Alberich L, Cerqueira A, Cerri A, Cerrito L, Cerutti F, Cervelli A, Cetin S, Chafaq A, Chakraborty D, Chan S, Chan W, Chan Y, Chang P, Chapman J, Charlton D, Chau C, Chavez Barajas C, Che S, Cheatham S, Chegwidden A, Chekanov S, Chekulaev S, Chelkov G, Chelstowska M, Chen C, Chen H, Chen S, Chen S, Chen X, Chen Y, Cheng H, Cheng H, Cheplakov A, Cheremushkina E, Cherkaoui El Moursli R, Chernyatin V, Cheu E, Cheung K, Chevalier L, Chiarella V, Chiarelli G, Chiodini G, Chisholm A, Chitan A, Chiu Y, Chizhov M, Choi K, Chomont A, Chouridou S, Christodoulou V, Chromek-Burckhart D, Chu M, Chudoba J, Chuinard A, Chwastowski J, Chytka L, Ciftci A, Cinca D, Cindro V, Cioara I, Ciocca C, Ciocio A, Cirotto F, Citron Z, Citterio M, Ciubancan M, Clark A, Clark B, Clark M, Clark P, Clarke R, Clement C, Coadou Y, Cobal M, Coccaro A, Cochran J, Colasurdo L, Cole B, Colijn A, Collot J, Colombo T, Conde Muiño P, Coniavitis E, Connell S, Connelly I, Constantinescu S, Conti G, Conventi F, Cooke M, Cooper-Sarkar A, Cormier F, Cormier K, Corradi M, Corriveau F, Cortes-Gonzalez A, Cortiana G, Costa G, Costa M, Costanzo D, Cottin G, Cowan G, Cox B, Cranmer K, Crawley S, Creager R, Cree G, Crépé-Renaudin S, Crescioli F, Cribbs W, Cristinziani M, Croft V, Crosetti G, Cueto A, Cuhadar Donszelmann T, Cukierman A, Cummings J, Curatolo M, Cúth J, Czirr H, Czodrowski P, D’amen G, D’Auria S, D’eramo L, D’Onofrio M, Da Cunha Sargedas De Sousa M, Da Via C, Dabrowski W, Dado T, Dai T, Dale O, Dallaire F, Dallapiccola C, Dam M, Dandoy J, Daneri M, Dang N, Daniells A, Dann N, Danninger M, Dano Hoffmann M, Dao V, Darbo G, Darmora S, Dassoulas J, Dattagupta A, Daubney T, Davey W, David C, Davidek T, Davies M, Davis D, Davison P, Dawe E, Dawson I, De K, de Asmundis R, De Benedetti A, De Castro S, De Cecco S, De Groot N, de Jong P, De la Torre H, De Lorenzi F, De Maria A, De Pedis D, De Salvo A, De Sanctis U, De Santo A, De Vasconcelos Corga K, De Vivie De Regie J, Dearnaley W, Debbe R, Debenedetti C, Dedovich D, Dehghanian N, Deigaard I, Del Gaudio M, Del Peso J, Del Prete T, Delgove D, Deliot F, Delitzsch C, Dell’Acqua A, Dell’Asta L, Dell’Orso M, Della Pietra M, della Volpe D, Delmastro M, Delporte C, Delsart P, DeMarco D, Demers S, Demichev M, Demilly A, Denisov S, Denysiuk D, Derendarz D, Derkaoui J, Derue F, Dervan P, Desch K, Deterre C, Dette K, Devesa M, Deviveiros P, Dewhurst A, Dhaliwal S, Di Bello F, Di Ciaccio A, Di Ciaccio L, Di Clemente W, Di Donato C, Di Girolamo A, Di Girolamo B, Di Micco B, Di Nardo R, Di Petrillo K, Di Simone A, Di Sipio R, Di Valentino D, Diaconu C, Diamond M, Dias F, Diaz M, Diehl E, Dietrich J, Díez Cornell S, Dimitrievska A, Dingfelder J, Dita P, Dita S, Dittus F, Djama F, Djobava T, Djuvsland J, do Vale M, Dobos D, Dobre M, Doglioni C, Dolejsi J, Dolezal Z, Donadelli M, Donati S, Dondero P, Donini J, Dopke J, Doria A, Dova M, Doyle A, Drechsler E, Dris M, Du Y, Duarte-Campderros J, Dubreuil A, Duchovni E, Duckeck G, Ducourthial A, Ducu O, Duda D, Dudarev A, Dudder A, Duffield E, Duflot L, Dührssen M, Dumancic M, Dumitriu A, Duncan A, Dunford M, Duran Yildiz H, Düren M, Durglishvili A, Duschinger D, Dutta B, Dyndal M, Eckardt C, Ecker K, Edgar R, Eifert T, Eigen G, Einsweiler K, Ekelof T, El Kacimi M, El Kosseifi R, Ellajosyula V, Ellert M, Elles S, Ellinghaus F, Elliot A, Ellis N, Elmsheuser J, Elsing M, Emeliyanov D, Enari Y, Endner O, Ennis J, Erdmann J, Ereditato A, Ernis G, Ernst M, Errede S, Escalier M, Escobar C, Esposito B, Estrada Pastor O, Etienvre A, Etzion E, Evans H, Ezhilov A, Ezzi M, Fabbri F, Fabbri L, Facini G, Fakhrutdinov R, Falciano S, Falla R, Faltova J, Fang Y, Fanti M, Farbin A, Farilla A, Farina C, Farina E, Farooque T, Farrell S, Farrington S, Farthouat P, Fassi F, Fassnacht P, Fassouliotis D, Faucci Giannelli M, Favareto A, Fawcett W, Fayard L, Fedin O, Fedorko W, Feigl S, Feligioni L, Feng C, Feng E, Feng H, Fenton M, Fenyuk A, Feremenga L, Fernandez Martinez P, Fernandez Perez S, Ferrando J, Ferrari A, Ferrari P, Ferrari R, Ferreira de Lima D, Ferrer A, Ferrere D, Ferretti C, Fiedler F, Filipčič A, Filipuzzi M, Filthaut F, Fincke-Keeler M, Finelli K, Fiolhais M, Fiorini L, Fischer A, Fischer C, Fischer J, Fisher W, Flaschel N, Fleck I, Fleischmann P, Fletcher R, Flick T, Flierl B, Flores Castillo L, Flowerdew M, Forcolin G, Formica A, Förster F, Forti A, Foster A, Fournier D, Fox H, Fracchia S, Francavilla P, Franchini M, Franchino S, Francis D, Franconi L, Franklin M, Frate M, Fraternali M, Freeborn D, Fressard-Batraneanu S, Freund B, Froidevaux D, Frost J, Fukunaga C, Fusayasu T, Fuster J, Gabaldon C, Gabizon O, Gabrielli A, Gabrielli A, Gach G, Gadatsch S, Gadomski S, Gagliardi G, Gagnon L, Galea C, Galhardo B, Gallas E, Gallop B, Gallus P, Galster G, Gan K, Ganguly S, Gao Y, Gao Y, Garay Walls F, García C, García Navarro J, García Pascual J, Garcia-Sciveres M, Gardner R, Garelli N, Garonne V, Gascon Bravo A, Gasnikova K, Gatti C, Gaudiello A, Gaudio G, Gavrilenko I, Gay C, Gaycken G, Gazis E, Gee C, Geisen J, Geisen M, Geisler M, Gellerstedt K, Gemme C, Genest M, Geng C, Gentile S, Gentsos C, George S, Gerbaudo D, Gershon A, Geßner G, Ghasemi S, Ghneimat M, Giacobbe B, Giagu S, Giannetti P, Gibson S, Gignac M, Gilchriese M, Gillberg D, Gilles G, Gingrich D, Giokaris N, Giordani M, Giorgi F, Giraud P, Giromini P, Giugni D, Giuli F, Giuliani C, Giulini M, Gjelsten B, Gkaitatzis S, Gkialas I, Gkougkousis E, Gkountoumis P, Gladilin L, Glasman C, Glatzer J, Glaysher P, Glazov A, Goblirsch-Kolb M, Godlewski J, Goldfarb S, Golling T, Golubkov D, Gomes A, Gonçalo R, Goncalves Gama R, Goncalves Pinto Firmino Da Costa J, Gonella G, Gonella L, Gongadze A, González de la Hoz S, Gonzalez-Sevilla S, Goossens L, Gorbounov P, Gordon H, Gorelov I, Gorini B, Gorini E, Gorišek A, Goshaw A, Gössling C, Gostkin M, Gottardo C, Goudet C, Goujdami D, Goussiou A, Govender N, Gozani E, Graber L, Grabowska-Bold I, Gradin P, Gramling J, Gramstad E, Grancagnolo S, Gratchev V, Gravila P, Gray C, Gray H, Greenwood Z, Grefe C, Gregersen K, Gregor I, Grenier P, Grevtsov K, Griffiths J, Grillo A, Grimm K, Grinstein S, Gris P, Grivaz JF, Groh S, Gross E, Grosse-Knetter J, Grossi G, Grout Z, Grummer A, Guan L, Guan W, Guenther J, Guescini F, Guest D, Gueta O, Gui B, Guido E, Guillemin T, Guindon S, Gul U, Gumpert C, Guo J, Guo W, Guo Y, Gupta R, Gupta S, Gustavino G, Gutierrez P, Gutierrez Ortiz N, Gutschow C, Guyot C, Guzik M, Gwenlan C, Gwilliam C, Haas A, Haber C, Hadavand H, Haddad N, Hadef A, Hageböck S, Hagihara M, Hakobyan H, Haleem M, Haley J, Halladjian G, Hallewell G. Search for new phenomena in dijet events using
37 fb−1
of
pp
collision data collected at
s=13 TeV
with the ATLAS detector. Int J Clin Exp Med 2017. [DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.96.052004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Chen DZ, Shi CY, An Q, Zeng Q, Mao WL, Goddard WA, Greer JR. Fractal atomic-level percolation in metallic glasses. Science 2015; 349:1306-10. [DOI: 10.1126/science.aab1233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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Zeng Q, Chen GG, Vlantis AC, van Hasselt CA. Oestrogen mediates the growth of human thyroid carcinoma cells via an oestrogen receptor-ERK pathway. Cell Prolif 2007; 40:921-35. [PMID: 18021179 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2184.2007.00471.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Although thyroid cancer occurs much more frequently in females, the role of sex hormones in thyroid carcinogenesis is unknown. In this study, it has been investigated how 17beta-oestradiol (E2) influenced proliferation and growth of thyroid cancer cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS Cell proliferation and its related molecules were examined in thyroid papillary carcinoma cells (KAT5), follicular thyroid carcinoma cells (FRO) and anaplastic carcinoma cells (ARO). Levels of oestrogen receptor (ER) alpha and beta were regulated by their agonists (PPT and DPN), antagonists and siRNA. RESULTS E2 promoted cell proliferation. Such an effect was positively related to ERalpha but negatively to ERbeta; PPT enhanced cell proliferation while DPN inhibited it. PPT increased Bcl-2 expression while DPN decreased it. DPN also elevated Bax expression. PPT elevated the level of phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (pERK1/2), suggesting a positive role of ERK1/2 in E2-induced cell proliferation. Knockdown of ERalpha significantly attenuated E2-mediated Bcl-2 and pERK1/2 expression. In contrast, knockdown of ERbeta markedly enhanced them. CONCLUSIONS Oestrogen stimulates proliferation of thyroid cancer cells, associated with increase in Bcl-2 and decrease in Bax levels in an ERK1/2-related pathway. Imbalance between ERalpha and ERbeta may contribute to thyroid carcinogenesis.
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Zeng Q, Lagunoff D, Masaracchia R, Goeckeler Z, Côté G, Wysolmerski R. Endothelial cell retraction is induced by PAK2 monophosphorylation of myosin II. J Cell Sci 2000; 113 ( Pt 3):471-82. [PMID: 10639334 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.113.3.471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The p21-activated kinase (PAK) family includes several enzyme isoforms regulated by the GTPases Rac1 and Cdc42. PAK1, found in brain, muscle and spleen, has been implicated in triggering cytoskeletal rearrangements such as the dissolution of stress fibers and reorganization of focal complexes. The role of the more widely distributed PAK2 in controlling the cytoskeleton has been less well studied. Previous work has demonstrated that PAK2 can monophosphorylate the myosin II regulatory light chain and induce retraction of permeabilized endothelial cells. In this report we characterize PAK2's morphological and biochemical effect on intact endothelial cells utilizing microinjection of constitutively active PAK2. Under these conditions we observed a modification of the actin cytoskeleton with retraction of endothelial cell margins accompanied by an increase in monophosphorylation of myosin II. Selective inhibitors were used to analyze the mechanism of action of PAK2. Staurosporine, a direct inhibitor of PAK2, largely prevented the action of microinjected PAK2 in endothelial cells. Butanedione monoxime, a non-specific myosin ATPase inhibitor, also inhibited the effects of PAK2 implicating myosin in the changes in cytoskeletal reorganization. In contrast, KT5926, a specific inhibitor of myosin light chain kinase was ineffective in preventing the changes in morphology and the actin cytoskeleton. The additional finding that endogenous PAK2 associates with myosin II is consistent with the proposal that cell retraction and cytoskeletal rearrangements induced by microinjected PAK2 depend on the direct activation of myosin II by PAK2 monophosphorylation of the regulatory light chain.
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Wu B, Meng K, Ji Q, Cheng M, Yu K, Zhao X, Tony H, Liu Y, Zhou Y, Chang C, Zhong Y, Zhu Z, Zhang W, Mao X, Zeng Q. Interleukin-37 ameliorates myocardial ischaemia/reperfusion injury in mice. Clin Exp Immunol 2014; 176:438-51. [PMID: 24527881 DOI: 10.1111/cei.12284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/25/2014] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Innate immune and inflammatory responses are involved in myocardial ischaemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Interleukin (IL)-37 is a newly identified member of the IL-1 family, and functions as a fundamental inhibitor of innate immunity and inflammation. However, its role in myocardial I/R injury remains unknown. I/R or sham operations were performed on male C57BL/6J mice. I/R mice received an injection of recombinant human IL-37 or vehicle, immediately before reperfusion. Compared with vehicle treatment, mice treated with IL-37 showed an obvious amelioration of the I/R injury, as demonstrated by reduced infarct size, decreased cardiac troponin T level and improved cardiac function. This protective effect was associated with the ability of IL-37 to suppress production of proinflammatory cytokines, chemokines and neutrophil infiltration, which together contributed to a decrease in cardiomyocyte apoptosis and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. In addition, we found that IL-37 inhibited the up-regulation of Toll-like receptor (TLR)-4 expression and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB) activation after I/R, while increasing the anti-inflammatory IL-10 level. Moreover, the administration of anti-IL-10R antibody abolished the protective effects of IL-37 in I/R injury. In-vitro experiments further demonstrated that IL-37 protected cardiomyocytes from apoptosis under I/R condition, and suppressed the migration ability of neutrophils towards the chemokine LIX. In conclusion, IL-37 plays a protective role against mouse myocardial I/R injury, offering a promising therapeutic medium for myocardial I/R injury.
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Rubin Grandis J, Chakraborty A, Melhem MF, Zeng Q, Tweardy DJ. Inhibition of epidermal growth factor receptor gene expression and function decreases proliferation of head and neck squamous carcinoma but not normal mucosal epithelial cells. Oncogene 1997; 15:409-16. [PMID: 9242377 DOI: 10.1038/sj.onc.1201188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Previous reports have shown that fresh tissues and cell lines from patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN) overexpress transforming growth factor alpha (TGF-alpha) and its receptor, the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) at both the mRNA and protein levels. Protein localization studies confirm that TGF-alpha and EGFR are produced by the same epithelial cells in tissues from head and neck cancer patients further supporting an autocrine growth pathway. Using three strategies, we examined the hypothesis that downmodulation of EGFR would reduce the proliferation of SCCHN cells. We targeted EGFR mRNA using antisense oligonucleotides and the mature EGFR protein at two sites, the ligand-binding domain and the kinase domain, and determined the effects of this targeting on SCCHN proliferation. Treatment of several SCCHN cell lines with a pair of antisense oligodeoxynucleotides directed against the translation start site and first intron-exon splice junction of the human EGFR gene resulted in decreased EGFR protein production and inhibited growth by 86% compared to a 13% reduction in cells treated with sense oligonucleotides (P=0.03). Growth inhibition was specific for carcinoma cells since the same EGFR antisense oligonucleotides had no effect on the proliferation of normal mucosa cells harvested from non-cancer patients. Two monoclonal antibodies which block ligand binding to EGFR (MAbs 425 and 528) inhibited the growth of several SCCHN cell lines by up to 97% which suggests that EGFR is participating in an autocrine pathway in SCCHN that is, at least in part, external. An EGFR-specific tyrosine kinase inhibitor (PD 153035) was found to inhibit EGFR phosphorylation in SCCHN cell lines and to reduce growth by 68% although it had no effect on the growth rate of normal mucosal epithelial cells. These experiments indicate that EGFR gene expression and function is critical for SCCHN cell growth but not for growth of normal mucosa cells and therefore may serve as a tumor-specific target for preventive and therapeutic strategies in head and neck cancer.
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