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Mangalan S, Patel RB, Gandhi TP, Chakravarthy BK. Detection and determination of free and plasma protein-bound astemizole by thin-layer chromatography: a useful technique for bioavailability studies. JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY 1991; 567:498-503. [PMID: 1939483 DOI: 10.1016/0378-4347(91)80158-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
A thin-layer chromatographic (TLC) procedure has been developed for the determination of astemizole in plasma as the free and as protein-bound substance. The detection and quantification were performed without using internal standards. In earlier described methods for the estimation of astemizole by high-performance liquid chromatography and radioimmunoassay, only free levels in plasma were quantified, at 3.3% of the total astemizole, with the remaining 96.7% bound to plasma protein and tissue. Our method employs proteolysis of plasma proteins by incubating plasma for 2 h in pepsin. After proteolysis the astemizole is extracted, and a known amount of the extract is spotted on precoated silica gel F 254 plates. Astemizole was quantified using a Shimadzu CS-930 dual-wavelength TLC scanner. The method provides a direct estimate of total astemizole present in the plasma.
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Kamath SA, Phadke V, Anand AJ, Patel RB, Deshpande DV. Epilepsy and craniofacial abnormalities. THE JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION OF PHYSICIANS OF INDIA 1991; 39:227. [PMID: 1909317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Patel AG, Patel RB, Patel MR. Liquid chromatographic determination of clobetasone-17-butyrate in ointments. JOURNAL - ASSOCIATION OF OFFICIAL ANALYTICAL CHEMISTS 1990; 73:893-5. [PMID: 2289922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
A liquid chromatographic (LC) method has been developed for determination of clobetasone-17-butyrate in ointment using clobetasone propionate as an internal standard. Separation was carried out on a C18 reverse-phase column using water-methanol as a mobile phase. Methylparaben and propylparaben (both sodium salt) used as preservatives did not interfere with separation. Compounds are detected photometrically at 235 nm. Mean assay results for 0.05% commercial ointments were 100.36% (n = 5). Mean recovery of clobetasone-17-butyrate added to commercial ointment was 99.89%.
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Ramanathan P, Patel RB, Subrahmanyam N, Nayak UN, Sachdev SS, Ramamoorthy N. Visualization of suppressed thyroid tissue by technetium-99m-tertiary butyl isonitrile: an alternative to post-TSH stimulation scanning. J Nucl Med 1990; 31:1163-5. [PMID: 2362195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The autonomously functioning thyroid nodule (AFTN) is a discrete, nodular structure which operates independently of pituitary control and without relation to the remaining thyroid tissue. Presently, for the visualization of a suppressed thyroid lobe, a patient has to undergo the thyrotropin (TSH) stimulation test, which has several disadvantages. In this study we have used tertiary butyl isonitrile (99mTc-TBI), well known as a myocardial imaging agent, for visualization of the suppressed lobe. Thirteen of fourteen patients studied demonstrated a contralateral lobe on a 99mTc-TBI scan which was not visualized with a 99mTc0(4) or 131I scan. Although it is not possible to demonstrate the autonomous nature of the hyperfunctioning thyroid nodule using 99mTc-TBI, we conclude that it is feasible to use this agent to visualize the lobe without the TSH test.
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Shishoo CJ, Devani MB, Bhadti VS, Jain KS, Rathod IS, Goyal RK, Gandhi TP, Patel RB, Naik SR. Synthesis and pharmacological study of antihyperlipaemic activity of 2-substituted thieno(2,3-d)pyrimidin-4(3H)-ones. ARZNEIMITTEL-FORSCHUNG 1990; 40:567-72. [PMID: 2383297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
A series of 2-substituted thieno(2,3-d)pyrimidin-4-(3H) ones (1-15) was prepared by the reaction of thiophene ortho-aminoester (IV) with a variety of nitriles (V) under acidic conditions, and screened for antihyperlipaemic activity in various animal models. While most of these compounds were found active, 2-chloromethyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobenzo(b)thieno(2,3-d) pyrimidin-4(3H)-one (5) was found to be the most active of all. The serum triglyceride lowering activity exhibited by 5 was found comparable to that of clofibrate and riboflavin tetrabutyrate. Compound 5 was also found to be safe as indicated by acute and chronic toxicity studies in mice and rats.
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Rivlin ME, Miller JD, Krueger RP, Patel RB, Bower JD. Leuprolide acetate in the management of ureteral obstruction caused by endometriosis. Obstet Gynecol 1990; 75:532-6. [PMID: 2106110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Endometriotic ureteral obstruction is a serious event commonly diagnosed late and therefore associated with a major risk of hydronephrotic renal atrophy. The standard therapy is surgical. However, medical treatment has been reported using danazol, progestins, and estrogen-progestin combinations, although solid documentation of the effect of hormonal therapy against ureteral endometriosis is lacking. Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonist treatment of endometriosis has yielded good results but has not been adequately reported in patients with ureteric involvement. We report three patients treated with a GnRH agonist, leuprolide acetate, for 6-9 months as a preoperative course. One patient had bilateral and two had unilateral obstruction. The preoperative course relieved the obstruction in the patient with bilateral disease and in one with unilateral changes. The failure occurred in a patient with intrinsic ureteric endometriosis. This early experience suggests a place for GnRH agonist therapy for patients with ureteric obstruction due to endometriosis, probably, but not necessarily, in conjunction with a planned surgical procedure. If medical therapy is attempted, close surveillance of renal function is mandatory.
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Sachdev SS, Ramamoorthy N, Nayak UN, Patel RB, Ramanathan P, Srivastava S, Lal R, Raghavan SV, Shah KB, Desai CN. Preparation and evaluation of 99mTc-t-butylisonitrile (99mTc-TBI) for myocardial imaging: a kit for hospital radiopharmacy. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RADIATION APPLICATIONS AND INSTRUMENTATION. PART B, NUCLEAR MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 1990; 17:543-52. [PMID: 2254092 DOI: 10.1016/0883-2897(90)90130-s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
A previous method was modified to obtain [99mTc(TBI)6]+ by reacting Zn(TBI)2Br2 directly with 99mTcO4- in the presence of Sn2+ ions. [Cu(TBI)4]Cl was next used as a source of TBI. On reaction with 99mTcO4- and Sn2+ ions for 3 min at 100 degrees C, [99mTc(TBI)6]+ product of radiochemical purity greater than 90% and yield greater than 70% was obtained. Data of biodistribution in rats (2-2.5% in heart) and biokinetics in rabbits were satisfactory. The kit formulation was found to be stable and also safe for administration.
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Abstract
We studied 289 newborn infants from birth till one year of age. Low birth weight babies (less than 2.5 kg) were 52.9%. Boys suffered 9.7 episodes of sickness, and girls 8.6 episodes of sickness. The mean episodes of various sicknesses, and their impact on weight gain, feeding pattern and growth pattern are discussed. Six deaths were observed, of which 4 were among the low birth weight babies. Mortality in babies born less than 2 kg was 44.4% and above 2 kg was less than 1%.
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Pherwani AV, Khanna SA, Patel RB. Effect of chlorine gas leak on the pulmonary functions of school children. Indian J Pediatr 1989; 56:125-8. [PMID: 2583758 DOI: 10.1007/bf02749725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Pulmonary function tests (PFT) were performed on 84 children studying in a Municipal School, near a plant manufacturing chemicals in Chembur, a suburb of Bombay, from where large amounts of chlorine gas leaked out on 30th August, 1985. It was found that only 23.8% had normal PFT's. 66.7% showed an obstructive pattern and 9.5% showed a restrictive pattern of PFT's. This is a preliminary report to establish the prevalence of lower PFT values in children staying in an area of air pollution in Bombay.
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Patel RB, Ramani S, Parmar B. Klebsiella pneumoniae osteomyelitis in sickle cell anemia. Indian J Pediatr 1989; 56:145-9. [PMID: 2684851 DOI: 10.1007/bf02749731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
A case of Klebsiella pneumoniae osteomyelitis in a patient with sickle cell anemia is reported. The literature is briefly reviewed. The case is presented because of the rarity of Klebsiella pneumonia osteomyelitis in sickle cell disease.
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Patel RB, Shah GF, Jain SM. The effect of rifampicin on piroxicam kinetics. INDIAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 1988; 32:226-8. [PMID: 3198245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Patel MC, Patel RB, Ramanathan P, Ramamoorthy N, Krishna BA, Sharma SM. Clinical evaluation of 99mTc(V)-dimercapto succinic acid (DMSA) for imaging medullary carcinoma of thyroid and its metastasis. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE 1988; 13:507-10. [PMID: 2836203 DOI: 10.1007/bf00256625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
99mTc(V)-DMSA kits developed by the Radiopharmaceutical Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, have been evaluated for potential use in scanning medullary carcinoma of the thyroid and its metastases. There were 15 patients with proved medullary carcinoma and 6 patients with other differentiated thyroid carcinoma. Amongst the 15 patients with medullary carcinoma, 12 (80%) showed positive localisation either in the primary or one or more metastatic sites. None of the six patients with carcinoma other than medullary showed increased concentration of 99mTc(V)-DMSA. Of the 37 known metastatic sites in 15 patients with medullary carcinoma, 24 showed concentration of 99mTc(V)-DMSA (64.9%). In addition, 99mTc(V)-DMSA concentration was seen in 14 sites where no evidence of metastasis was revealed. The incidence of 99mTc(V)-DMSA concentration in soft tissue and bone metastasis was similar.
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Patel RB, Shah GF, Raval JD, Gandhi TP, Patel MR, Gilbert RN. Effect of tinidazole and metronidazole on serum lipid profile in healthy human volunteers. THE JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION OF PHYSICIANS OF INDIA 1987; 35:708-10. [PMID: 3446681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Patel RB, Shah GF, Raval JD, Patel MR. Influence of antidiabetic drugs on the activity of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in carrageenan paw edema test in the rat. INDIAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 1987; 31:289-92. [PMID: 3450636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Chakravarthy BK, Patel RB, Gandhi TP, Patel A, Gilbert RN. Variation of drug responses in diabetic rats under environmental stress. INDIAN JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY 1987; 25:623-6. [PMID: 3449451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Voci G, Patel RB, Trivedi AD, Patel PV, Burris AC, Ruby SR. Angiographic demonstration of congenital intercoronary communication in normal adults. Am J Cardiol 1987; 59:1205-6. [PMID: 3578066 DOI: 10.1016/0002-9149(87)90880-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Patel RB, Shah GF, Raval JD, Gandhi TP, Gilbert RN. Calcium antagonists and blood glucose in normal rabbits. ARZNEIMITTEL-FORSCHUNG 1987; 37:410-2. [PMID: 3300662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The effects of the calcium antagonists verapamil and nifedipine on blood glucose levels, glucose tolerance, insulin secretion during glucose tolerance and hypoglycaemic effect of tolbutamide were studied in normal nondiabetic rabbits. Daily dosage of 40 mg/kg verapamil and 5 mg/kg nifedipine given orally up to 7 days did not affect blood glucose level, glucose tolerance, insulin secretion during glucose tolerance and hypoglycaemic activity of tolbutamide 250 mg/kg p.o.
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McNamara PJ, Foster TS, Digenis GA, Patel RB, Craig WA, Welling PG, Rapaka RS, Prasad VK, Shah VP. Influence of tablet dissolution on furosemide bioavailability: a bioequivalence study. Pharm Res 1987; 4:150-3. [PMID: 3509139 DOI: 10.1023/a:1016427321532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
In order to evaluate the in vitro dissolution and in vivo bioavailability relationship for furosemide, a bioequivalence study was carried out. Furosemide (40 mg) was administered orally to 12 normal volunteers in a 6 x 6 crossover design using six products (five tablets and one solution) obtained from three pharmaceutical companies. Plasma and urine concentrations of furosemide were quantitated by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Plasma furosemide profiles were analyzed by non-compartmental methods. Compared to the oral solution, all of the formulations exhibited lower peak furosemide concentrations, longer mean residence times, and, in some cases, diminished bioavailability (range, 66-96%). Similar results were obtained when the reference product (a rapidly dissolving tablet) was used as the standard. All of the products failed the 75/75 rule when compared to either reference standard, apparently because of large intersubject variability. The total amount of furosemide excreted in urine could be associated with the percentage drug dissolved (in vitro) at 30 min. The pH 5.6 dissolution medium (compared to pH 4.6) appears to be an appropriate test medium for assuring batch uniformity and bioequivalence of furosemide products.
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Ramamoorthy N, Shetye SV, Pandey PM, Mani RS, Patel MC, Patel RB, Ramanathan P, Krishna BA, Sharma SM. Preparation and evaluation of 99mTc(V)-DMSA complex: studies in medullary carcinoma of thyroid. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE 1987; 12:623-8. [PMID: 3034614 DOI: 10.1007/bf00284540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Consequent to the promising results reported with 99mTc(V)-DMSA for imaging certain types of soft tissue tumors, we have developed methods to prepare this radiopharmaceutical in three ways: from freshly prepared reagents, through the use of a two component kit and use of the standard renal DMSA kit by a modified recipe. The 99mTc(V)-DMSA complex has been subjected to paper electrophoretic and chromatographic procedures and also biodistribution studies. The distinctly different behaviour of this new product compared to that of the well known renal DMSA complex has been clearly established. Scintiimaging in a preliminary clinical trial in patients with medullary carcinoma of the thyroid has been encouraging.
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Patel RB, Patel MR, Patel AA, Shah AK, Patel AG. Separation and determination of food colours in pharmaceutical preparations by column chromatography. Analyst 1986; 111:577-8. [PMID: 3740429 DOI: 10.1039/an9861100577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Lewin JR, Das SK, Blumenthal BI, D'Cruz C, Patel RB, Howell GE. Osseous pseudotumor. The sole manifestation of sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy. Am J Clin Pathol 1985; 84:547-50. [PMID: 4036885 DOI: 10.1093/ajcp/84.4.547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy may involve extra-nodal tissue sites. Skeletal involvement is uncommon and has always been associated with disease in other nonosseous locations. The present case is the first to document sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy arising primarily within bone and unaccompanied by disease elsewhere.
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Patel RB. Evaluation of complex carpal trauma: thin-section direct longitudinal computed tomography scanning through a plaster cast. THE JOURNAL OF COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY 1985; 9:107-9. [PMID: 3987329 DOI: 10.1016/0149-936x(85)90003-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Direct longitudinal computed tomography of the wrist, with a plaster cast on the forearm, is described. In a case of complex carpal injuries, the advantages of this method are compared with those of conventional radiographic studies.
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Patel BR, Burkhalter JL, Patel RB, Raju S. Interstitial lymphoscintigraphy for diagnosis of lymphocele. Clin Nucl Med 1985; 10:175-6. [PMID: 3987158 DOI: 10.1097/00003072-198503000-00009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
A patient with the development of a post-surgical mass in the thigh, at the site of surgery, is described. Lymphoscintigraphy was important in solving the clinical dilemma.
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Patel RB, Rogge MC, Selen A, Goehl TJ, Shah VP, Prasad VK, Welling PG. Bioavailability of hydrocortisone from commercial 20-mg tablets. J Pharm Sci 1984; 73:964-6. [PMID: 6470962 DOI: 10.1002/jps.2600730726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The relative bioavailability of hydrocortisone was determined from four different 20-mg tablet formulations and one suspension in 15 healthy male volunteers; results were compared with in vitro dissolution rates. Plasma levels of hydrocortisone were determined by a liquid chromatography method developed in this laboratory. Dissolution of the tablet formulations, using the official USP test, varied from 7.8 to 93.8% in 30 min. Similar plasma profiles were obtained from all tablet products, and there were no differences among tablets in the cumulative percentage of drug absorbed. There were no clear trends in any pharmacokinetic parameter values among the tablet dosages, and the four products were considered bioequivalent. The suspension dosage yielded significantly higher plasma levels compared with some of the tablet formulations during the initial 30-min postdose, significantly higher cumulative absorption at 0.5 and 1.0 h compared with one tablet formulation, and significantly higher ka and Cmax, and shorter tmax values, compared with some of the tablets.
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