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Zeng YW, Sun D, Du J, Pu XY, Yang SM, Yang XM, Yang T, Yang JZ. Identification of QTLs for resistant starch and total alkaloid content in brown and polished rice. GENETICS AND MOLECULAR RESEARCH 2016; 15:gmr7268. [PMID: 27525873 DOI: 10.4238/gmr.15037268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
An F3 population consisting of 117 F2:3 families derived from a cross between two varieties of rice, Gongmi No. 3 and Diantun 502, with a large difference in their resistant starch and total alkaloid content, was used for quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping. Two QTLs of resistant starch for rice (qRS7-1, qRS7-2) were identified in a linkage group on chromosome 7, which could explain phenotypic variance from 7.6 to 17.3%, due to additive effects for resistant starch from Gongmi No. 3 or over-dominance effects for qRS7-2 of the marker interval (RM3404-RM478) on chromosome 7 from Gongmi No. 3, accounting for 13.8-17.3% of the phenotypic variance. Two QTLs of total alkaloids for brown rice (qALb7-1, qALb7-2) were identified in the same linkage group, which could explain phenotypic variance from 7.7 and 19.3%, respectively, due to dominance or over-dominance effects for total alkaloids on chromosome 7 from Diantun 502. To our knowledge, these are the first QTLs to be identified, which are related to resistant starch and total alkaloid content in rice. These results are beneficial for understanding the genetic basis of, as well as for developing markers linked with, resistant starch and total alkaloids of functional components for marker-assisted selection breeding in rice.
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Jia JS, Yang SM, Wang J, Jiang H, Zhao T, Bao L, Shi HX, Lu J, Zhu HH, Lai YY, Jiang B, Huang XJ, Jiang Q. [The prognostic significance of proportion of blasts in bone marrow on day 14 during induction chemotherapy in patients with adult Ph-negative acute lymphoblastic leukemia]. ZHONGHUA XUE YE XUE ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA XUEYEXUE ZAZHI 2016; 37:497-502. [PMID: 27431075 PMCID: PMC7348344 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-2727.2016.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the prognostic significance of proportion of the blasts in bone marrow on day 14 (D14) during induction chemotherapy in patients with adult Ph-negative acute lymphoblastic leukemia (Ph (-) ALL). METHODS Newly diagnosed Ph (-) ALL patients with bone marrow morphology analysis on day 14 during induction chemotherapy were analyzed retrospectively. The proportion of the D14 blasts which had an impact on achieving a CR by the first induction chemotherapy and outcomes were determined by ROC curve. RESULTS 166 ALL patients including 94 male and 72 female were analyzed. The median age was 32 years (range, 18-64 years). The CR rate by the first induction chemotherapy was 74.7% with a total CR rate as 93.3%. By ROC analysis, 7.5% of the D14 blasts had the best sensitivity and specificity. The patients with D14 blasts ≥7.5% had lower CR rates after the first and overall induction chemotherapy compared with those with D14 blasts <7.5% (42.7% vs 85.9%, P<0.001 and 75.9% vs 95.6%, P=0.001 respectively). The probabilities of 5-year disease free survival (DFS) and 5-year overall survival (OS) were higher in the patients with D14 blasts<7.5% than those with D14 blasts ≥7.5% (49.8% vs 29.6%, P=0.006 and 52.4% vs 32.6%, P=0.010 respectively). Multivariate analysis showed that higher WBC or central nervous system leukemia at diagnosis, D14 blasts ≥7.5%, no CR after the first induction chemotherapy and receiving consolidation and maintenance chemotherapy rather than transplant were associated with poor outcomes. CONCLUSIONS Higher proportion of D14 blasts in bone marrow during the first induction therapy indicated poor prognosis in adult Ph(-) ALL.
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Zhong LL, Hao QQ, Ren LL, Guo WW, Yang SM. [Establishment of a mathematical model for calculating cochlear length]. ZHONGHUA ER BI YAN HOU TOU JING WAI KE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY HEAD AND NECK SURGERY 2016; 51:446-50. [PMID: 27345881 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-0860.2016.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the cochlear length of the miniature pig calculated by 3-dimensional reconstruction technique and an Archimedean spiral model, and to evaluate the feasibility of determining the length of the cochlea using a mathematical model. METHODS The temporal bones of three miniature pigs with normal hearing were selected and scanned by micro-CT. The pictures were input into Mimics software, the 3D structure of the inner ear was reconstructed, and the following parameters were determined through Mimics: cochlear length, diameter of each turn, cochlear height, and apical turn angle. The cochlear length was calculated using the Archimedean spiral model. RESULTS The length of the cochlea was (35.30±0.88)mm based on the three-dimensional reconstruction technique compared to (34.85±0.64)mm based on the Archimedean spiral model. The differences between the two values were not statistically significant. The height of the cochlea is (2.64±0.24)mm. The capsule of the cochlea had 3.67 turns. CONCLUSIONS The three-dimensional reconstruction technique provides accurate and reliable results, but the reconstruction process is time-consuming and is unsuitable for clinical application. The Archimedean spiral model method is simple, feasible, reliable, and therefore suitable for clinical applications, in particular to provide references for cochlear implantation surgeries.
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Liu RY, Hou K, Hou ZH, Yang SM. [Analysis of the diagnosis and treatment of cerebrospinal fluid otorrhea]. LIN CHUANG ER BI YAN HOU TOU JING WAI KE ZA ZHI = JOURNAL OF CLINICAL OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY, HEAD, AND NECK SURGERY 2016; 30:627-629; 632. [PMID: 29871093 DOI: 10.13201/j.issn.1001-1781.2016.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Objective:To analyze the etiology and clinical symptoms and to investigate the therapeutic strategies of cerebrospinal fluid otorrhea. Method:A retrospective analysis of 37 cases of patients with cerebrospinal fluid otorrhea.The clinical symptoms, auxiliary examination, intraoperative findings, surgical methods and postoperative follow-up were analyzed. Result:In 37 cases, 35 patients underwent the plugging surgery once and cured, 1 patient with inner ear malformation underwent another operation and cured, 1 patient didn't have the operation. No cerebrospinal fluid leakage or meningitis recurrence was reported by the followed up from 1 months to 7 years after operation. Conclusion:Surgical repair is an effective method to treat the cerebrospinal fluid otorrhea. It is significant to take appropriate surgical approach to expose and to find the leak, according to the etiological factor and imaging examination.
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Wang J, Jiang B, Jiang Q, Lu J, Zhu HH, Yang SM, Zhao T, Wen L, Bao L, Huang XJ, Jiang H. [Comparison of efficacy and prognostic factors in elderly acute myelogenous patients with MA or CAG induction chemotherapy regimen]. ZHONGHUA XUE YE XUE ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA XUEYEXUE ZAZHI 2016; 37:194-200. [PMID: 27033755 PMCID: PMC7342949 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-2727.2016.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze the difference of efficacy and prognostic factors between MA and CAG induction chemotherapy in elderly acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) patients. METHODS From April 2009 to September 2015, 103 consecutive hospitalized 60-plus-year-old AML patients were retrospectively analyzed. NPM1 positive FLT3-ITD negative accounted for 17 cases (16.7%). Sixty-five patients received MA regimen and thirty-eight patients received CAG regimen. MA group had higher WBC and FLT3-ITD positive mutations at diagnosis compared with CAG group (P=0.001, P=0.005; respectively). The median follow-up was 13 months for all patients and 17 months for the survivors. RESULTS Six patient (5.8%) died in early phase. Complete remission (CR) rate after the first cycle of induction chemotherapy was 51.5% (50/97). Overall CR rate was 70.1% (68/97). CR rate after the first cycle of induction chemotherapy and overall CR rate were indiscriminate between MA and CAG regimen. The time to neutrophil count recovery, the time to platelet count recovery and the number of platelet transfusions were indiscriminate between MA and CAG regimen. Among 68 CR patients, 23 patients relapsed at median 9 months, and cumulative incidence of relapse (CIR) at 3 years was (52.5±10.1)%. Median overall survival (OS) was 20 months. OS rate at 3 years was 32.2%. Median disease-free survival (DFS) was 28 months. DFS rate at 3 years was 43.7%. CIR, DFS and OS at 3 years were indiscriminate between MA and CAG regimen. Multivariate analysis showed that less than 70 years of age (P=0.001), achieved CR (P<0.001), and NPM1 (+) FLT3-ITD(-) mutation (P=0.044) were the independent factors for increasing OS. NPM1(+) FLT3-ITD(-) mutation was the independent factor for increasing DFS (P=0.042). Patients were classified by three prognosis factors: <70 ages, CR, and NPM1(+)FLT3-ITD(-) mutation. Patients with no poor prognosis factors were classified as low risk (n=13), with one factor as medium risk (n=52) and with two and more factors as high risk (n=31). There were significant differences in OS rate and DFS rate at 3 years for 3 groups patients (60.5% vs 48.1% vs 0, P<0.001; 60.2% vs 39.4% vs 0, P=0.045; respectively). OS and DFS at 3 years for 3 groups' patients were indiscriminate between MA and CAG regimen. CONCLUSIONS There was indiscrimination of efficacy among MA and CAG induction chemotherapy in old AML patients. Less than 70 years of age, CR and NPM1(+)FLT3-ITD(-) mutation were the independent factors for better survival.
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Hu XL, Sun LB, Zeng B, Wang LS, Yu ZG, Bai SA, Yang SM, Zhao LX, Li Q, Qiu M, Tai RZ, Fecht HJ, Jiang JZ, Zhang DX. Polarization-independent plasmonic subtractive color filtering in ultrathin Ag nanodisks with high transmission. APPLIED OPTICS 2016; 55:148-152. [PMID: 26835634 DOI: 10.1364/ao.55.000148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate a TE/TM polarization-independent plasmonic subtractive color filtering scheme employing ultrathin two-dimensional Ag nanodisks. These TE/TM polarization-independent subtractive color filters exhibit small feature sizes (below 200 nm) and high transmission up to 70% in the visible spectral region, superior to previously reported plasmonic color filters. Simulated optical transmission spectra and colors are in good agreement with experimental results. The color-filtering behaviors strongly depend on thickness and period of nanodisks. Underlying mechanisms are also discussed in detail.
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Yang SM, Kim SRN, Youn WK, Kim CS, Kim DS, Yi KW, Hwang NM. Generation of Charged Nanoparticles During Thermal Evaporation of Silver at Atmospheric Pressure. JOURNAL OF NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY 2015; 15:8418-8423. [PMID: 26726527 DOI: 10.1166/jnn.2015.11458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The generation of charged silver nanoparticles in the gas phase during thermal evaporation of silver at atmospheric pressure was confirmed by the nano-differential mobility analyzer (DMA). Effects of the evaporation temperature, the nitrogen gas flow rate and the amount of silver to be evaporated on the size distribution of charged nanoparticles (CNPs) were examined. Both positively and negatively-charged nanoparticles were generated under all processing conditions adopted in this study. The deposition behavior of CNPs was affected by the gas flow, which is affected by the temperature gradient in the reactor and by the applied electric bias. The electric bias, which not only enhanced the film growth rate but also produced a much denser film surface, turned out to be an important process parameter under the condition where an appreciable amount of CNPs is generated.
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Sun LB, Hu XL, Zeng B, Wang LS, Yang SM, Tai RZ, Fecht HJ, Zhang DX, Jiang JZ. Effect of relative nanohole position on colour purity of ultrathin plasmonic subtractive colour filters. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2015; 26:305204. [PMID: 26160906 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/26/30/305204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Plasmonic subtractive color filters through patterning periodic nanostructures on ultrathin Ag films deposited on a glass substrate, exhibiting good durability, simple fabrication, and flexible color tunability, have attracted considerable attention due to their tremendous potential applications. While previous studies have mainly focused on their extraordinary physical mechanisms, color purity, which is another key parameter for high quality imaging applications, has been much less investigated. In this work, we demonstrate that the relative position of nanoholes patterned on ultrathin Ag films can largely affect the color purity of plasmonic subtractive color filters. The calculated results agree reasonably well with the experimental data, revealing that the purity of subtractive colors can be improved by changing the nanohole arrays from square lattice to triangular lattice without reducing transmission at visible frequencies. In addition, underlying mechanisms are clarified by systematically analyzing the dominant valley in transmission spectra.
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Shin YJ, Jeon BC, Yang SM, Hwang I, Cho MR, Sando D, Lee SR, Yoon JG, Noh TW. Suppression of creep-regime dynamics in epitaxial ferroelectric BiFeO3 films. Sci Rep 2015; 5:10485. [PMID: 26014521 PMCID: PMC4444839 DOI: 10.1038/srep10485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2015] [Accepted: 04/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Switching dynamics of ferroelectric materials are governed by the response of domain walls to applied electric field. In epitaxial ferroelectric films, thermally-activated ‘creep’ motion plays a significant role in domain wall dynamics, and accordingly, detailed understanding of the system’s switching properties requires that this creep motion be taken into account. Despite this importance, few studies have investigated creep motion in ferroelectric films under ac-driven force. Here, we explore ac hysteretic dynamics in epitaxial BiFeO3 thin films, through ferroelectric hysteresis measurements, and stroboscopic piezoresponse force microscopy. We reveal that identically-fabricated BiFeO3 films on SrRuO3 or La0.67Sr0.33MnO3 bottom electrodes exhibit markedly different switching behaviour, with BiFeO3/SrRuO3 presenting essentially creep-free dynamics. This unprecedented result arises from the distinctive spatial inhomogeneities of the internal fields, these being influenced by the bottom electrode’s surface morphology. Our findings further highlight the importance of controlling interface and defect characteristics, to engineer ferroelectric devices with optimised performance.
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Yang SM, Liu J, Li CX. Intermedin protects against myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in hyperlipidemia rats. GENETICS AND MOLECULAR RESEARCH 2014; 13:8309-19. [PMID: 25366725 DOI: 10.4238/2014.october.20.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Hyperlipidemia is a well-established risk factor for the development of coronary atherosclerosis, while intermedin (IMD) has been identified as a novel calcitonin/calcitonin gene-related peptide family member involved in cardiovascular protection. However, whether IMD protects against hyperlipidemia-associated myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (MI/R) injury is unknown. We established a hyperlipidemia model using Sprague-Dawley rats, and created a MI/R condition by ligating the cardiac left circumflex artery. The possible pathophysiological role of IMD and its physiological function in MI/R was further studied. The level of IMD significantly decreased in hyperlipidemia rats (P < 0.05). After MI/R, the IMD level was increased both in the plasma and myocardial tissue of hyperlipidemia rats compared to the sham-operated rats (P < 0.001). As evaluated by the activity of LDH, CK-MB, MDA and SOD, additional IMD was revealed to alleviate MI/R heart injury in hyperlipidemia rats (P < 0.05). By regulating the process of cardiomyocyte apoptosis and inflammatory reaction, IMD could perform an important role in cardio-protection, especially against hyperlipidemia-associated MI/R injury. Additional IMD could protect cardiac myocytes against MI/R injury via reduction of apoptosis and inflammation in the hyperlipidemia rat model, and thus, it may play a potential role as a novel therapeutic target for cardiac ischemic injury in hyperlipidemic patients.
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Yi HJ, Guo W, Wu N, Li JN, Liu HZ, Ren LL, Liu PN, Yang SM. The temporal bone microdissection of miniature pigs as a useful large animal model for otologic research. Acta Otolaryngol 2014; 134:26-33. [PMID: 24102225 DOI: 10.3109/00016489.2013.835866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
CONCLUSION Compared with traditional animal models, the miniature pig may be a better model for biomedical research because its morphology has many similarities with that of humans. OBJECTIVE To investigate the suitability of the miniature pig as an animal model for otological research as regards morphology. METHODS Microdissection of the temporal bone of 10 miniature pigs was performed and recorded on photographs. RESULTS The morphology and measurements of the external, middle, and inner ear, and the lateral recess of the miniature pigs were completed by microdissection. The temporal bone structures, including the external, middle, inner ear, and the lateral recess, were similar in the miniature pig and humans.
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Yi HJ, Guo H, Ch W, Yang SM, Liu PN. Use of the translabyrinthine approach to repair congenital spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid leakage in five Chinese patients with Mondini dysplasia. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2013; 77:1965-8. [PMID: 24120183 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2013.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2013] [Revised: 09/12/2013] [Accepted: 09/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To introduce a more effective surgical technique for the repair of spontaneous incurable cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage (CSF otorrhea). METHODS The cases of five Chinese patients with Mondini dysplasia and CSF leakage were reviewed. All patients presented with rhinorrhea or otorrhea from childhood and recurrent meningitis attacks. CSF leakage was repaired surgically using the translabyrinthine approach. RESULTS Facial paralysis occurred in the first two patients, but was cured 2 months later. The other three patients recovered well and had no facial paralysis or complication. CSF leakage did not recur in any patient after follow-up periods of 0.5-3 years. CONCLUSION Mondini dysplasia with CSF leakage is rare. Adequate diagnosis and treatment are required to avoid life-threatening complications, such as meningitis. We recommend the translabyrinthine approach as an alternative surgical technique that reduces recurrence.
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Chen LW, Wang JL, Zhang LY, Yang SM, Li CS, Yu N, Zhao W JD, Zhao LD, Li K, Liu MB, Zhai SQ. Establishment of an animal model of spontaneous cervical lymph node metastasis of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma and obtaining laryngocarcinoma cells with high metastatic potential. Neoplasma 2013; 60:504-10. [PMID: 23790168 DOI: 10.4149/neo_2013_065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
To establish an animal model of spontaneous cervical lymph node metastasis of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma and obtain laryngocarcinoma cells with high metastatic potential, laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma cell line HEP-2 in logarithmic phase were inoculated under the lingual margin mucosa of nude mice. HEP-2 cells metastasized to the cervical lymph nodes were isolated, cultured, and re-inoculated under the lingual margin mucosa of nude mice twice. The tumor formation in the tongue and in the cervical lymph nodes was confirmed by pathological examination. Carcinoma cells' ability of invasion and migration was detected by transwell assay. Human specific Alu sequences were detected by PCR, which indicated that the tumor cells originated from human laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma cell line HEP-2. Finally, an animal model of spontaneous lymph node metastasis of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma was successfully established. Laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma cells with high metastatic potential to lymph nodes were obtained through repeated inoculations. .
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Yin YW, Burton JD, Kim YM, Borisevich AY, Pennycook SJ, Yang SM, Noh TW, Gruverman A, Li XG, Tsymbal EY, Li Q. Enhanced tunnelling electroresistance effect due to a ferroelectrically induced phase transition at a magnetic complex oxide interface. NATURE MATERIALS 2013; 12:397-402. [PMID: 23416728 DOI: 10.1038/nmat3564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2012] [Accepted: 01/07/2013] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The range of recently discovered phenomena in complex oxide heterostructures, made possible owing to advances in fabrication techniques, promise new functionalities and device concepts. One issue that has received attention is the bistable electrical modulation of conductivity in ferroelectric tunnel junctions (FTJs) in response to a ferroelectric polarization of the tunnelling barrier, a phenomenon known as the tunnelling electroresistance (TER) effect. Ferroelectric tunnel junctions with ferromagnetic electrodes allow ferroelectric control of the tunnelling spin polarization through the magnetoelectric coupling at the ferromagnet/ferroelectric interface. Here we demonstrate a significant enhancement of TER due to a ferroelectrically induced phase transition at a magnetic complex oxide interface. Ferroelectric tunnel junctions consisting of BaTiO3 tunnelling barriers and La(0.7)Sr(0.3)MnO3 electrodes exhibit a TER enhanced by up to ~10,000% by a nanometre-thick La(0.5)Ca(0.5)MnO3 interlayer inserted at one of the interfaces. The observed phenomenon originates from the metal-to-insulator phase transition in La(0.5)Ca(0.5)MnO3, driven by the modulation of carrier density through ferroelectric polarization switching. Electrical, ferroelectric and magnetoresistive measurements combined with first-principles calculations provide evidence for a magnetoelectric origin of the enhanced TER, and indicate the presence of defect-mediated conduction in the FTJs. The effect is robust and may serve as a viable route for electronic and spintronic applications.
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Yang SM, Park HK, Cho SJ, Chang JC. Redundant nerve roots of cauda equina mimicking intradural disc herniation: a case report. KOREAN JOURNAL OF SPINE 2013; 10:41-3. [PMID: 24757458 PMCID: PMC3941734 DOI: 10.14245/kjs.2013.10.1.41] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2012] [Revised: 02/03/2013] [Accepted: 03/22/2013] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Redundant Nerve Roots (RNRs) is an uncommon clinical condition characterized by a tortuous, serpentine, large and elongated nerve root of the cauda equina. To our knowledge, most cases of RNRs are associated with lumbar stenosis, and RNRs associated with lumbar disc herniation has not been reported until now. Here we present a rare case of unusual RNRs associated with lumbar disc herniation mimicking intradural disc herniation.
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Yi HJ, Zhao LD, Guo W, Wu N, Li JN, Ren LL, Liu PN, Yang SM. The diagnosis and surgical treatment of occult otogenic CSF leakage. Acta Otolaryngol 2013; 133:130-5. [PMID: 23101503 DOI: 10.3109/00016489.2012.727468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
CONCLUSIONS The diagnosis of occult otogenic cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage is challenging and it can easily be misdiagnosed. Some characteristics of clinical presentation can supply important clues and confirmed diagnosis should be obtained according to these clues and suitable imaging studies before meningitis develops. Different surgical techniques should be adopted to treat the CSF leakage according to different leakage etiologies, and good results can be obtained. OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to evaluate the diagnosis and surgical treatment of occult otogenic CSF leakage, including the characteristics of clinical presentation, imaging studies, and operation methods in order to decrease the rate of misdiagnosis and obtain a good curative effect. METHODS We performed a retrospective review of 11 cases of CSF leakage that were all misdiagnosed and accompanied by meningitis, operated in our department from 2007 to 2012 after a mean follow-up of 3 years. In this context, the characteristics of clinical presentation, imaging studies, and management of CSF leakage were studied. RESULTS The CSF leakage had arisen traumatically (n = 9) or congenitally (n = 2). The medical history and special clinical presentation such as repeated otorrhea or rhinorrhea, fever, headache, and unilateral deafness can supply important diagnostic clues. Imaging studies including high-resolution noncontrast CT (HRCT), CT cisternography, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are very important diagnostic methods. The surgical repairs were performed via a transmastoid approach (n = 8), packing the vestibule (n = 1) or a translabyrithine approach (n = 2). Recurrent leakage did not occur.
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Yang SM, Chu NH, Lo CM, Tung WK. A Six-Year Observational Study on Acute Limb Ischaemia in a Local Emergency Department in Hong Kong. HONG KONG J EMERG ME 2013. [DOI: 10.1177/102490791302000106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Acute limb ischaemia is an important presentation to accident and emergency department (AED). This study aimed to find out the sensitivity of AED colleagues on diagnosing acute limb ischaemia and any association between delayed diagnosis and poor outcome. Prognostic factors that might be associated with amputation and mortality rates were also investigated. Methods This was a retrospective observational study of patients admitted to Kwong Wah Hospital with a diagnosis of acute limb ischaemia over a six-year period. The risk factors for acute limb ischaemia, the sensitivity of reaching the diagnosis at AED, and outcome in terms of amputation and 30-day mortality post-admission were assessed. Results The sensitivity of Kwong Wah Hospital AED in diagnosing acute limb ischaemia was 78.3%. Advanced age, lower limb involvement and history of aortic graft were associated with higher risk of mortality. Patients diagnosed and referred by other sources, e.g. private practitioner, were also associated with higher mortality. Male sex, smoking and intravenous drug abuse were associated with higher amputation rate. Atrial fibrillation seemed to be a protective factor against amputation. Delayed diagnosis group comprised 22% of the cases. There was no significant difference in amputation and mortality rates between the early diagnosis and delayed diagnosis groups. Conclusions AED physicians should always include acute limb ischaemia into the list of differential diagnoses. Further larger scale studies may be performed to investigate the impact of delay in diagnosis on outcome of patients.
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Zou YH, Liu HZ, Yang SM. Normal hearing after trauma with completely ectopic incus -- how possible? ORL J Otorhinolaryngol Relat Spec 2012; 74:278-9. [PMID: 23147648 DOI: 10.1159/000343798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2012] [Accepted: 09/21/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To report the rare case of a patient with complete incus dislocation after trauma showing normal hearing. METHODOLOGY Physical examination, audiometry, CT of temporal bone, and detection during operation. RESULTS The incus had become remotely located in the mastoid cavity, but the patient showed normal hearing because fibrous connections had preserved bony continuity. CONCLUSION This case demonstrates that disruption of the ossicular chain does not always require ossicular reconstruction.
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Yi HJ, Zhang BQ, Guo W, Zhao LD, Yang SM. The role of molecular margins as prognostic factors in laryngeal carcinoma in Chinese patients. Acta Otolaryngol 2012; 132:874-8. [PMID: 22568584 DOI: 10.3109/00016489.2012.663503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
CONCLUSION Molecular margins were a more important prognostic factor in laryngeal carcinoma in Chinese patients than histopathological margins. eIF4E was the most sensitive molecular index of those that we tested for in these patients. OBJECTIVES Safe surgical margins are closely related to prognosis. The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of molecular margins, not traditional histopathological margins, as prognostic factors in laryngeal carcinoma in Chinese patients. An additional aim of the study was to investigate the prognostic significance of tumor markers in the primary site of laryngeal carcinoma. METHODS From January 1992 to January 2000, the data for 321 Chinese patients with laryngeal carcinoma who were divided into a recurrent laryngeal carcinoma group and a non-recurrent group were analyzed. Tumor markers in surgical margins and primary site, such as cyclin D1, p53, and eIF4E, were detected in the two groups with immunohistochemical staining. RESULTS There was a significant difference in the expression of cyclin D1, p53, and eIF4E in surgical margins between the recurrent laryngeal carcinoma group and the non-recurrent group. The eIF4E-positive rate in surgical margins was higher than that for the other two factors. There was a significant difference in cyclin D1 and p53 in the primary site of laryngeal carcinoma and no significant difference in eIF4E in the two groups.
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Kwok CK, Yang SM, Mak NK, Wong CKC, Liang Y, Leung SY, Young L, Wong MH. Ecotoxicological study on sediments of Mai Po marshes, Hong Kong using organisms and biomarkers. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2010; 73:541-549. [PMID: 20153057 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2010.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2009] [Revised: 01/14/2010] [Accepted: 01/16/2010] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Sediments from Mai Po Ramsar site, Hong Kong were in general shown to be highly toxic based on the results of four toxicity tests (Microtox solid-phase test, Daphnia mortality test, algal [Microcystis aeruginosa] growth inhibition test and ryegrass [Lolium perenne] seed germination/root elongation test). Sediment of the mudflat (which is open to Deep Bay, i.e., the pollution source) was the most toxic while sediment of gei wai 24g (an enclosed freshwater pond) was the least toxic. Results of biomarker studies (tilapia hepatic metallothionein; glutathione (GSH) and EROD activity using H4IIE rat hepatoma cell) were also concordant with those in the toxicity tests. Significant liner relationships (p<0.01) were found between GSH contents in the rat hepatoma cells and PAHs, OCPs contents in the sediment extracts. It is recommended that the present suite of bioassays is useful and is biologically relevant for future ecotoxicological studies focusing on similar wetlands.
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Ablikim M, Achasov MN, An L, An Q, An ZH, Bai JZ, Ban Y, Berger N, Bian JM, Boyko I, Briere RA, Bytev V, Cai X, Cao GF, Cao XX, Chang JF, Chelkov G, Chen G, Chen HS, Chen JC, Chen LP, Chen ML, Chen P, Chen SJ, Chen YB, Chu YP, Cronin-Hennessy D, Dai HL, Dai JP, Dedovich D, Deng ZY, Denysenko I, Destefanis M, Ding Y, Dong LY, Dong MY, Du SX, Duan MY, Fang J, Feng CQ, Fu CD, Fu JL, Gao Y, Geng C, Goetzen K, Gong WX, Greco M, Grishin S, Gu YT, Guo AQ, Guo LB, Guo YP, Han SQ, Harris FA, He KL, He M, He ZY, Heng YK, Hou ZL, Hu HM, Hu JF, Hu T, Hu XW, Huang B, Huang GM, Huang JS, Huang XT, Huang YP, Ji CS, Ji Q, Ji XB, Ji XL, Jia LK, Jiang LL, Jiang XS, Jiao JB, Jin DP, Jin S, Komamiya S, Kuehn W, Lange S, Leung JKC, Li C, Li C, Li DM, Li F, Li G, Li HB, Li J, Li JC, Li L, Li L, Li QJ, Li WD, Li WG, Li XL, Li XN, Li XQ, Li XR, Li YX, Li ZB, Liang H, Liang TR, Liang YT, Liang YF, Liao GR, Liao XT, Liu BJ, Liu CL, Liu CX, Liu CY, Liu FH, Liu F, Liu F, Liu GC, Liu H, Liu HB, Liu HM, Liu HW, Liu J, Liu JP, Liu K, Liu KY, Liu Q, Liu SB, Liu XH, Liu YB, Liu YF, Liu YW, Liu Y, Liu ZA, Lu GR, Lu JG, Lu QW, Lu XR, Lu YP, Luo CL, Luo MX, Luo T, Luo XL, Ma CL, Ma FC, Ma HL, Ma QM, Ma X, Ma XY, Maggiora M, Mao YJ, Mao ZP, Min J, Mo XH, Muchnoi NY, Nefedov Y, Ning FP, Olsen SL, Ouyang Q, Pelizaeus M, Peters K, Ping JL, Ping RG, Poling R, Pun CSJ, Qi M, Qian S, Qiao CF, Qiu JF, Rong G, Ruan XD, Sarantsev A, Shao M, Shen CP, Shen XY, Sheng HY, Sonoda S, Spataro S, Spruck B, Sun DH, Sun GX, Sun JF, Sun SS, Sun XD, Sun YJ, Sun YZ, Sun ZJ, Sun ZT, Tang CJ, Tang X, Tang XF, Tian HL, Toth D, Varner GS, Wan X, Wang BQ, Wang JK, Wang K, Wang LL, Wang LS, Wang P, Wang PL, Wang Q, Wang SG, Wang XD, Wang XL, Wang YD, Wang YF, Wang YQ, Wang Z, Wang ZG, Wang ZY, Wei DH, Wen SP, Wiedner U, Wu LH, Wu N, Wu W, Wu YM, Wu Z, Xiao ZJ, Xie YG, Xu GF, Xu GM, Xu H, Xu M, Xu M, Xu XP, Xu Y, Xu ZZ, Xue Z, Yan L, Yan WB, Yan YH, Yang HX, Yang M, Yang P, Yang SM, Yang YX, Ye M, Ye MH, Yu BX, Yu CX, Yu L, Yuan CZ, Yuan Y, Zeng Y, Zhang BX, Zhang BY, Zhang CC, Zhang DH, Zhang HH, Zhang HY, Zhang JW, Zhang JY, Zhang JZ, Zhang L, Zhang SH, Zhang XY, Zhang Y, Zhang YH, Zhang ZP, Zhao C, Zhao HS, Zhao J, Zhao J, Zhao L, Zhao L, Zhao MG, Zhao Q, Zhao SJ, Zhao TC, Zhao XH, Zhao YB, Zhao ZG, Zhemchugov A, Zheng B, Zheng JP, Zheng YH, Zheng ZP, Zhong B, Zhong J, Zhou L, Zhou ZL, Zhu C, Zhu K, Zhu KJ, Zhu QM, Zhu XW, Zhu YS, Zhu ZA, Zhuang J, Zou BS, Zou JH, Zuo JX, Zweber P. Measurements of h(c)(1P(1)) in psi' decays. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2010; 104:132002. [PMID: 20481873 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.104.132002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
We present measurements of the charmonium state h(c)(1P(1)) made with 106x10(6) psi' events collected by BESIII at BEPCII. Clear signals are observed for psi'-->pi0 h(c) with and without the subsequent radiative decay h(c)-->gamma eta(c). First measurements of the absolute branching ratios B(psi'-->pi0 h(c)) = (8.4+/-1.3+/-1.0) x 10(-4) and B(h(c)-->gamma eta(c)) = (54.3+/-6.7+/-5.2)% are presented. A statistics-limited determination of the previously unmeasured h(c) width leads to an upper limit Gamma(h(c))<1.44 MeV (90% confidence). Measurements of M(h(c)) = 3525.40+/-0.13+/-0.18 MeV/c2 and B(psi'-->pi0 h(c)) x B(h(c)-->gamma eta(c)) = (4.58+/-0.40+/-0.50) x 10(-4) are consistent with previous results.
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Jiang L, Wei XF, Yi DH, Xu P, Liu H, Chang Q, Yang SM, Li ZF, Gao HB, Hao GJ. Synergistic effects of cyclic strain and Th1-like cytokines on tenascin-C production by rheumatic aortic valve interstitial cells. Clin Exp Immunol 2009; 155:216-23. [PMID: 19040616 PMCID: PMC2675252 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2249.2008.03747.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/08/2008] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Tenascin-C (TN-C) is a key component of extracellular matrix (ECM) and its expression process is poorly understood during rheumatic heart valvular disease (RHVD). In this study, we found that interferon (IFN)-gamma, tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha and TN-C concentrations in patients with RHVD were significantly higher than in normal controls. More IFN-gamma receptors and TNF receptors were found being expressed on rheumatic aortic valves interstitial cells than on non-rheumatic ones and their expression was patients' sera dependent. Antibodies neutralizing IFN-gamma or TNF-alpha could attenuate patients' sera-induced TN-C transcription by isolated rheumatic aortic valves interstitial cells. By application with different protein kinase inhibitors, we found that combined with cyclic strain, TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma induced TN-C transcription through the RhoA/ROCK signalling pathway. At the same time, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase was involved in TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma induced TN-C transcription. TNF-alpha also increased TN-C mRNA level by additional PKC and ERK 1/2 activation. Our finding revealed a new insight into ECM remodelling during RHVD pathogenesis and new mechanisms involved in the clinical anti-IFN-gamma and anti-TNF-alpha therapy.
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73
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Jo JY, Yang SM, Kim TH, Lee HN, Yoon JG, Park S, Jo Y, Jung MH, Noh TW. Nonlinear dynamics of domain-wall propagation in epitaxial ferroelectric thin films. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2009; 102:045701. [PMID: 19257442 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.102.045701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2008] [Revised: 11/28/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the ferroelectric domain-wall propagation in epitaxial Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 thin film over a wide temperature range (3-300 K). We measured the domain-wall velocity under various electric fields and found that the velocity data is strongly nonlinear with electric fields, especially at low temperature. We found that, as one of surface growth issues, our domain-wall velocity data from ferroelectric epitaxial film could be classified into the creep, depinning, and flow regimes due to competition between disorder and elasticity. The measured values of velocity and dynamical exponents indicate that the ferroelectric domain walls in the epitaxial films are fractal and pinned by a disorder-induced local field.
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Aitala EM, Amato S, Anjos JC, Appel JA, Ashery D, Banerjee S, Bediaga I, Blaylock G, Bracker SB, Burchat PR, Burnstein RA, Carter T, Carvalho HS, Copty NK, Cremaldi LM, Darling C, Denisenko K, Devmal S, Fernandez A, Fox GF, Gagnon P, Göbel C, Gounder K, Halling AM, Herrera G, Hurvits G, James C, Kasper PA, Kwan S, Langs DC, Leslie J, Lundberg B, Magnin J, Massafferri A, MayTal-Beck S, Meadows B, de Mello Neto JRT, Mihalcea D, Milburn RH, de Miranda JM, Napier A, Nguyen A, d'Oliveira AB, O'Shaughnessy K, Peng KC, Perera LP, Purohit MV, Quinn B, Radeztsky S, Rafatian A, Reay NW, Reidy JJ, dos Reis AC, Rubin HA, Sanders DA, Santha AKS, Santoro AFS, Schwartz AJ, Sheaff M, Sidwell RA, Slaughter AJ, Sokoloff MD, Solano Salinas CJ, Stanton NR, Stefanski RJ, Stenson K, Summers DJ, Takach S, Thorne K, Tripathi AK, Watanabe S, Weiss-Babai R, Wiener J, Witchey N, Wolin E, Yang SM, Yi D, Yoshida S, Zaliznyak R, Zhang C. Dalitz plot analysis of the decay D(+)-->K(-)pi(+)pi(+) and indication of a low-mass scalar Kpi resonance. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2002; 89:121801. [PMID: 12225077 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.89.121801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2002] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
We study the Dalitz plot of the decay D(+)-->K(-)pi(+)pi(+) with a sample of 15090 events from Fermilab experiment E791. Modeling the decay amplitude as the coherent sum of known Kpi resonances and a uniform nonresonant term, we do not obtain an acceptable fit. If we allow the mass and width of the K(*)(0)(1430) to float, we obtain values consistent with those from PDG but the chi(2) per degree of freedom of the fit is still unsatisfactory. A good fit is found when we allow for the presence of an additional scalar resonance, with mass 797+/-19+/-43 MeV/c(2) and width 410+/-43+/-87 MeV/c(2). The mass and width of the K(*)(0)(1430) become 1459+/-7+/-5 MeV/c(2) and 175+/-12+/-12 MeV/c(2), respectively. Our results provide new information on the scalar sector in hadron spectroscopy.
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Yang SM, Jing S, Doi T, Kaneko T, Yamashita T. Isolation of Guinea pig inner hair cells using manual microsurgical dissection. ORL J Otorhinolaryngol Relat Spec 2002; 64:1-5. [PMID: 11891389 DOI: 10.1159/000049078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Cochlear inner hair cells (IHCs) and outer hair cells (OHCs) show distinctive morphological features that are usually sufficient to distinguish these two species in vitro. However, OHCs may sometimes resemble IHCs when they are mechanically distorted or begin swelling at their basal end. As a result, accurately discriminating the cells based on morphology was thought to be problematic. An objective method that allows us to clearly and unambiguously distinguish these two cell types is therefore of continued interest. We describe a protocol in which solitary IHCs were harvested from guinea pig cochlea using a manual microsurgical dissection.
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Fang DC, Yang SM, Zhou XD, Wang DX, Luo YH. Telomere erosion is independent of microsatellite instability but related to loss of heterozygosity in gastric cancer. World J Gastroenterol 2001; 7:522-6. [PMID: 11819821 PMCID: PMC4688665 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v7.i4.522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To correlate the length of the telomere to microsatellite instability (MSI) and loss of heterozygosity (LOH) of APC, MCC and DCC genes in gastric carcinomas.
METHODS: Telomeric restriction fragment (TRF) length of gastric cancer was measured with Southern blot. LOH of APC, MCC and DCC genes, microsatellite instability (MSI) and frameshift mutation of hMSH6, TGF-βRII and BAX genes were analyzed by PCR-based methods.
RESULTS: Sixty-eight cases of sporadic gastric carcinoma were studied for MSI using five microsatellite markers. MSI in at least one locus was detected in 17 (25%) of 68 tumors analyzed. Frameshift mutations of hMSH6, TGF-βRII and BAX were detected in 2, 6 and 3 of gastric carcinomas respectively showing high MSI (≥ 2 loci, n = 8), but none was found in those showing low MSI (only one locus, n = 9) or MSS (tumor lacking MSI or stable, n = 51). Thirty-five cases, including all high MSI and low MSI, were studied for TRF. The mean TRF length was not correlated with clinicopathological parameters. No association was observed between TRF length and MSI or frameshift mutation. On the contrary, LOH at the DCC locus was related to telomere shortening (P < 0.01). This tendency was also observed in APC and MCC genes, although there was no statistical significance.
CONCLUSION: The development of gastric cancer can arise through two different genetic pathways. In high MSI gastric cancers, defective mismatch repair allows mutations to accumulate and generate the high MSI phenotype. In gastric cancers showing either low MSI or MSS, multiple deletions may represent the LOH pathway. Telomere erosion is independent of high MSI phenotype but related to the LOH pathway in gastric cancer.
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Yang SM, Fang DC, Luo YH, Lu R, Battle PD, Liu WW. Alterations of telomerase activity and terminal restriction fragment in gastric cancer and its premalignant lesions. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2001; 16:876-82. [PMID: 11555101 DOI: 10.1046/j.1440-1746.2001.02540.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
AIMS In order to explore the role of alterations of telomerase activity and terminal restriction fragment (TRF) length in the development and progression of gastric cancer. METHODS Telomerase activity was detected in 176 specimens of gastric mucosa obtained through an operation or endoscopical biopsy by using the telomeric repeat amplification protocol (TRAP) assay. Meanwhile, the mean length of TRF was measured with the use of a Southern blot in part of those samples. RESULTS Telomerase activity was detected in 14 of 57 (24.6%) chronic atrophy gastritis patients, six of 18 (33.3%) intestinal metaplasia patients, three of eight (37.5%) dysplasia patients and 60 of 65 (92.3%) gastric cancer patients, respectively. Normal gastric mucosa revealed no telomerase activity. No association was found between telomerase activity and any clinicopathological parameters. The mean TRF length was decreased gradually with age in normal mucosa and in gastric cancer tissue. Regression analysis demonstrated that the reduction rate in these tissues was 41 +/- 12 base pairs/year. Among 35 gastric cancers, TRF length was shown to be shorter in 20 cases (57.1%), similar in 12 cases (34.3%) and elongated in three cases (7.6%), compared to the corresponding adjacent tissues. The mean TRF length tended to decrease as the mucosa underwent chronic atrophy gastritis, intestinal metaplasia, dysplasia and into gastric cancer. The mean TRF length in gastric cancer was not statistically correlated with clinicopathological parameters and telomerase activity. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that telomerase is expressed during the early stage of gastric carcinogenesis, and that the clinical significance of TRF length appears to be limited in gastric cancer.
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Denmark SE, Yang SM. Sequential ring-closing metathesis and silicon-assisted cross-coupling reactions: stereocontrolled synthesis of highly substituted unsaturated alcohols. Org Lett 2001; 3:1749-52. [PMID: 11405702 DOI: 10.1021/ol015950j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A sequential ring-closing metathesis/silicon-assisted cross-coupling sequence has been developed. Alkenyldimethylsilyl ethers of omega-unsaturated alcohols undergo facile ring closure with Schrock's catalyst to afford five-, six-, and seven-membered cycloalkenylsiloxanes bearing substituents on both alkenyl carbons. These siloxanes were highly effective coupling partners with various aryl and alkenyl halides and in the presence of Pd(0) afforded styrenes and dienes in high yield and specificity and with good functional group compatibility.
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Aitala EM, Amato S, Anjos JC, Appel JA, Ashery D, Banerjee S, Bediaga I, Blaylock G, Bracker SB, Burchat PR, Burnstein RA, Carter T, Carvalho HS, Copty NK, Cremaldi LM, Darling C, Denisenko K, Devmal S, Fernandez A, Fox GF, Gagnon P, Gerzon S, Gobel C, Gounder K, Halling AM, Herrera G, Hurvits G, James C, Kasper PA, Kwan S, Langs DC, Leslie J, Lichtenstadt J, Lundberg B, MayTal-Beck S, Meadows B, de Mello Neto JR, Mihalcea D, Milburn RH, de Miranda JM, Napier A, Nguyen A, d'Oliveira AB, O'Shaughnessy K, Peng KC, Perera LP, Purohit MV, Quinn B, Radeztsky S, Rafatian A, Reay NW, Reidy JJ, dos Reis AC, Rubin HA, Sanders DA, Santha AK, Santoro AF, Schwartz AJ, Sheaff M, Sidwell RA, Slaughter AJ, Sokoloff MD, Solano J, Stanton NR, Stefanski RJ, Stenson K, Summers DJ, Takach S, Thorne K, Tripathi AK, Watanabe S, Weiss-Babai R, Wiener J, Witchey N, Wolin E, Yang SM, Yi D, Yoshida S, Zaliznyak R, Zhang C. Observation of color-transparency in diffractive dissociation of pions. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2001; 86:4773-4777. [PMID: 11384345 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.86.4773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2000] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
We have studied the diffractive dissociation into dijets of 500 GeV/c pions scattering coherently from carbon and platinum targets. Extrapolating to asymptotically high energies (where t(min)-->0), we find that when the per-nucleus cross section for this process is parametrized as sigma = sigma0Aalpha, alpha has values near 1.6, the exact result depending on jet transverse momentum. These values are in agreement with those predicted by theoretical calculations of color-transparency.
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80
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Aitala EM, Amato S, Anjos JC, Appel JA, Ashery D, Banerjee S, Bediaga I, Blaylock G, Bracker SB, Burchat PR, Burnstein RA, Carter T, Carvalho HS, Copty NK, Cremaldi LM, Darling C, Denisenko K, Deval S, Fernandez A, Fox GF, Gagnon P, Gerzon S, Gobel C, Gounder K, Halling AM, Herrera G, Hurvits G, James C, Kasper PA, Kwan S, Langs DC, Leslie J, Lichtenstadt J, Lundberg B, MayTal-Beck S, Meadows B, de Mello Neto JR, Mihalcea D, Milburn RH, de Miranda JM, Napier A, Nguyen A, d'Oliveira AB, O'Shaughnessy K, Peng KC, Perera LP, Purohit MV, Quinn B, Radeztsky S, Rafatian A, Reay NW, Reidy JJ, dos Reis AC, Rubin HA, Sanders DA, Santha AK, Santoro AF, Schwartz AJ, Sheaff M, Sidwell RA, Slaughter AJ, Sokoloff MD, Solano J, Stanton NR, Stefanski RJ, Stenson K, Summers DJ, Takach S, Thorne K, Tripathi AK, Watanabe S, Weiss-Babai R, Wiener J, Witchey N, Wolin E, Yang SM, Yi D, Yoshida S, Zaliznyak R, Zhang C. Direct measurement of the pion valence-quark momentum distribution, the pion light-cone wave function squared. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2001; 86:4768-4772. [PMID: 11384344 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.86.4768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2000] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
We present the first direct measurements of the pion valence-quark momentum distribution which is related to the square of the pion light-cone wave function. The measurements were carried out using data on diffractive dissociation of 500 GeV/c pi(-) into dijets from a platinum target at Fermilab experiment E791. The results show that the /q&q> light-cone asymptotic wave function describes the data well for Q2 approximately 10 (GeV/c)(2) or more. We also measured the transverse momentum distribution of the diffractive dijets.
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81
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Aitala EM, Amato S, Anjos JC, Appel JA, Ashery D, Banerjee S, Bediaga I, Blaylock G, Bracker SB, Burchat PR, Burnstein RA, Carter T, Carvalho HS, Copty NK, Cremaldi LM, Darling C, Denisenko K, Devmal S, Fernandez A, Fox GF, Gagnon P, Gobel C, Gounder K, Halling AM, Herrera G, Hurvits G, James C, Kasper PA, Kwan S, Langs DC, Leslie J, Lundberg B, Magnin J, MayTal-Beck S, Meadows B, de Mello Neto JR, Mihalcea D, Milburn RH, de Miranda JM, Napier A, Nguyen A, d'Oliveira AB, O'Shaughnessy K, Peng KC, Perera LP, Purohit MV, Quinn B, Radeztsky S, Rafatian A, Reay NW, Reidy JJ, dos Reis AC, Rubin HA, Sanders DA, Santha AK, Santoro AF, Schwartz AJ, Sheaff M, Sidwell RA, Slaughter AJ, Sokoloff MD, Solano J, Stanton NR, Stefanski RJ, Stenson K, Summers DJ, Takach S, Thorne K, Tripathi AK, Watanabe S, Weiss-Babai R, Wiener J, Witchey N, Wolin E, Yang SM, Yi D, Yoshida S, Zaliznyak R, Zhang C. Search for rare and forbidden Charm Meson decays D0 --> Vl+l- and hhll. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2001; 86:3969-3972. [PMID: 11328072 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.86.3969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2000] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
We report results of a search for flavor-changing neutral current (FCNC), lepton flavor, and lepton-number violating decays of the D0 (and its antiparticle) into three and four bodies. Using data from Fermilab charm hadroproduction experiment E791, we examine modes with two leptons (muons or electrons) and a rho(0), K( *0), or straight phi vector meson or a nonresonant pi(pi), Kpi, or KK pair of pseudoscalar mesons. No evidence for any of these decays is found. Therefore, we present branching-fraction upper limits at 90% confidence level for the 27 decay modes examined (18 new).
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82
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Yang SM, Kanamaru Y, Shimoyamada M, Asano F, Nagaoka S, Shimizu M, Sachdev GP. Human milk bile-salt-stimulated lipase is extremely reactive with the monoclonal antibody 1CF11 which recognizes a human-specific carbohydrate antigen. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2001; 65:986-9. [PMID: 11388488 DOI: 10.1271/bbb.65.986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
1CF11 (Kanamaru, Y. et al.; Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 249, 618-623, 1998) is a monoclonal antibody obtained after being raised in a mouse by injection of human milk MUC1 mucin as the antigen. Its reactivity was found to be unique in that it only reacts with a carbohydrate epitope shared by glycoproteins in human secretions, while its chemical nature is still unknown. Since a glycoprotein of Mr 135,000 (135K) in human milk was found to react extremely strongly with this antibody, we intended in this study to isolate the glycoprotein by a combination of various chromatographic techniques and identify it. It is a human milk bile-salt-stimulated lipase. By comparison of its immunoreactivity and glycan structures so far reported with those of lactoferrin from human milk, it is suggested that the epitope recognized by mAb ICF11 could be a human-specific novel glycan.
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83
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Yao QQ, Wang Y, Yang SM, Wang MZ. [Biotransformation of (+)- and (-)-clausenamide in rats]. YAO XUE XUE BAO = ACTA PHARMACEUTICA SINICA 2001; 36:224-8. [PMID: 12580093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2023]
Abstract
AIM To study the metabolic pathway of chiral clausenamide in the rat and understand its stereoselectivity. METHODS The urine, feces and blood of rat were gathered after the drug was administered, the known metabolites were analyzed by HPLC-DAD and one unknown metabolite was elucidated by using LC-MS analysis. Metabolic stereoselectivity was determined by comparing the metabolic results of (+)- and (-)-clausenamide. RESULTS Six known metabolites were determined and one unknown metabolite was elucidated as N-demethylclausenamide. The metabolic stereoselectivity was shown distinctly. CONCLUSION Chiral clausenamide was mainly metabolized by hydroxylation in liver and the biotransformation exhibited pronounced substrate stereoselectivity.
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84
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Yang SM, Yokoi N, Kanamaru Y, Takenaka O, Atoji Y, Bunai Y, Ohya I, Song XG, Nagaoka S, Shimizu M, Sachdev GP. Unique occurrence of the 1CF11 carbohydrate epitope in primate saliva. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2001; 65:714-8. [PMID: 11330698 DOI: 10.1271/bbb.65.714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
We examined a large number of individual human and animal saliva samples for the reactivity with ICF11, a mouse monoclonal antibody previously produced for the characterization of human milk mucin and apparently recognizing a certain carbohydrate antigenic structure shared by various human glycoproteins in secretions. The results obtained here confirm the unique occurrence of ICF11 epitope in each and every saliva sample from humans and Old world monkeys as well, though a vast variety was observed among individual saliva samples in the immunological reactivity with ICF11.
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Aitala EM, Amato S, Anjos JC, Appel JA, Ashery D, Banerjee S, Bediaga I, Blaylock G, Bracker SB, Burchat PR, Burnstein RA, Carter T, Carvalho HS, Copty NK, Cremaldi LM, Darling C, Denisenko K, Devmal S, Fernandez A, Fox GF, Gagnon P, Gobel C, Gounder K, Halling AM, Herrera G, Hurvits G, James C, Kasper PA, Kwan S, Langs DC, Leslie J, Lundberg B, Magnin J, Massafferri A, MayTal-Beck S, Meadows B, de Mello Neto JR, Mihalcea D, Milburn RH, de Miranda JM, Napier A, Nguyen A, d'Oliveira AB, O'Shaughnessy K, Peng KC, Perera LP, Purohit MV, Quinn B, Radeztsky S, Rafatian A, Reay NW, Reidy JJ, dos Reis AC, Rubin HA, Sanders DA, Santha AK, Santoro AF, Schwartz AJ, Sheaff M, Sidwell RA, Slaughter AJ, Sokoloff MD, Solano J, Stanton NR, Stefanski RJ, Stenson K, Summers DJ, Takach S, Thorne K, Tripathi AK, Watanabe S, Weiss-Babai R, Wiener J, Witchey N, Wolin E, Yang SM, Yi D, Yoshida S, Zaliznyak R, Zhang C. Study of the D(+)(s)-->pi(-)pi(+)pi(+) decay and measurement of f(0) masses and widths. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2001; 86:765-769. [PMID: 11177935 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.86.765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2000] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
From a sample of 848+/-44 D(+)(s)-->pi(-)pi(+)pi(+) decays, we find gamma(D(+)(s)-->pi(-)pi(+)pi(+))/gamma(D(+)(s)-->straight phipi(+)) = 0.245+/-0.028(+0.019)(-0.012). Using a Dalitz plot analysis of this three body decay, we find significant contributions from the channels rho(0)(770)pi(+), rho(0)(1450)pi(+), f(0)(980)pi(+), f(2)(1270)pi(+), and f(0)(1370)pi(+). We also present the values obtained for masses and widths of the resonances f(0)(980) and f(0)(1370).
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Aitala EM, Amato S, Anjos JC, Appel JA, Ashery D, Banerjee S, Bediaga I, Blaylock G, Bracker SB, Burchat PR, Burnstein RA, Carter T, Carvalho HS, Copty NK, Cremaldi LM, Darling C, Denisenko K, Devmal S, Fernandez A, Fox GF, Gagnon P, Gobel C, Gounder K, Halling AM, Herrera G, Hurvits G, James C, Kasper PA, Kwan S, Langs DC, Leslie J, Lundberg B, Magnin J, Massafferri A, MayTal-Beck S, Meadows B, de Mello Neto JR, Mihalcea D, Milburn RH, de Miranda JM, Napier A, Nguyen A, d'Oliveira AB, O'Shaughnessy K, Peng KC, Perera LP, Purohit MV, Quinn B, Radeztsky S, Rafatian A, Reay NW, Reidy JJ, dos Reis AC, Rubin HA, Sanders DA, Santha AK, Santoro AF, Schwartz AJ, Sheaff M, Sidwell RA, Slaughter AJ, Sokoloff MD, Solano J, Stanton NR, Stefanski RJ, Stenson K, Summers DJ, Takach S, Thorne K, Tripathi AK, Watanabe S, Weiss-Babai R, Wiener J, Witchey N, Wolin E, Yang SM, Yi D, Yoshida S, Zaliznyak R, Zhang C. Experimental evidence for a light and broad scalar resonance in D(+) --> pi(-)pi(+)pi(+) decay. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2001; 86:770-774. [PMID: 11177936 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.86.770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2000] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
From a sample of 1172 +/- 61 D(+)-->pi(-)pi(+)pi(+) decays, we find gamma(D(+)-->pi(-)pi(+)pi(+))/gamma(D(+)-->K-pi(+)pi(+)) = 0.0311 +/- 0.0018(+0.0016)(-0.0026). Using a coherent amplitude analysis to fit the Dalitz plot of these decays, we find strong evidence that a scalar resonance of mass 478(+24)(-23) +/- 17 MeV/c(2) and width 324(+42)(-40) +/- 21 MeV/c(2) accounts for approximately half of all decays.
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87
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Kim WJ, Yang SM. Effects of Sodium Salicylate on the Microstructure of an Aqueous Micellar Solution and Its Rheological Responses. J Colloid Interface Sci 2000; 232:225-234. [PMID: 11097755 DOI: 10.1006/jcis.2000.7207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
In this article, we consider the effects of sodium salicylate on the microstructure evolution and rheological responses of an aqueous cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) solution. The experimental runs covered CTAB solutions ranging from dilute to semidilute, which were far above its critical micelle concentration. Sodium salicylate (NaSal) was used as a structure-forming agent with the molar ratio of NaSal to CTAB ranging from 0.1 to 10.0. The experimental results showed that the rheological responses of the surfactant solution were influenced strongly by both the CTAB concentration and the molar ratio. At low molar ratios, below 0.3, the surfactant solutions behaved like a Newtonian fluid. However, as the molar ratio increased, the deviation from Newtonian behavior became pronounced. Specifically, for 0.05 M CTAB solutions with molar ratios ranging from 1.0 to 5.0, an apparent yield stress developed at low shear rates and a stress plateau was displayed at intermediate shear rates. When the shear rate exceeded a certain threshold value, the shear stress increased, again passing over the plateau value. In addition, viscoelastic response and relaxation behavior were observed. The relaxation behavior after the cessation of flow was strongly dependent on the molar ratio, which was also confirmed by rheo-optical observations. The optical anisotropy measured by rheo-optical methods was closely related to flow-induced stretching and alignment of the wormy micelles and was consistent with the rheological responses. Copyright 2000 Academic Press.
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88
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Huang GS, Yang SM, Hong MY, Yang PC, Liu YC. Differential gene expression of livers from ApoE deficient mice. Life Sci 2000; 68:19-28. [PMID: 11132242 DOI: 10.1016/s0024-3205(00)00912-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
A genomic survey for differentially expressed genes was performed to livers of ApoE deficient mice using human cDNA microarray containing approximately 9,000 human cDNA clones. Due to the homology between mouse and human, hybridization was performed at lower stringency condition, 10 degrees below the regular hybridizing temperature. Gene expression profiles of livers corresponding to high levels of blood cholesterol were generated at genomic scale. Thirty-seven genes were randomly selected from a pool of differentially expressed genes and subjected to semi-quantitative RT-PCR, further confirmed the result from microarray hybridization. These included genes associated with atherosclerosis, and novel genes that implied novel pathways correlated to high levels of blood cholesterol. It is promising using human cDNA microarray, the most complete collection among all species, to study other mammalian systems with satisfying speed and accuracy.
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89
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Asako M, Doi T, Matsumoto A, Yang SM, Yamashita T. Spatial and temporal patterns of evoked neural activity from auditory nuclei in chick brainstem detected by optical recording. Acta Otolaryngol 2000; 119:900-4. [PMID: 10728931 DOI: 10.1080/00016489950180252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
In order to detect the spatial patterning of the auditory projection of the embryonic chick brainstem, anatomical methods such as orthograde transport of horseradish peroxidase have been used. However, these methods do not provide the continuous information required about the absolute value and time-course of varying neural excitement. Furthermore, the use of conventional electrophysiological methods makes it difficult or impossible to detect the transmembrane voltage change because of the small size and fragility of the cells of the young chick brainstem. We thus believe that optical measurement of membrane potential might be beneficial in circumstances where electrodes are difficult to use for reasons of cell size, complexity, or membrane topology. In the present work, we therefore examined the feasibility of an optical method for delineating the synaptic transmission of afferent input in the auditory nuclei in the chick brainstem. We used embryonic chick brainstem slice preparations featuring an intact eighth nerve, and loaded depolarizing square current pulses from tungsten microelectrodes into the auditory nerve for stimulation of these preparations. In this approach, we used a multiple-site optical recording system comprising a 16 x 16-element photodiode array and a voltage sensitive dye (NK-2761). Neural excitation evoked by stimulation to the left auditory nerve was propagated to the dorsal side of the brainstem. This area in which the optical signal was detected is located on the auditory nuclei. Since the physiological spatial patterning of the auditory nerve projection could be roughly estimated by the optical technique, the technique is considered useful for examining the electrical activity generated from auditory nuclei in the brainstem. This is the first report of spatial patterning of auditory neurons in the embryonic chick brainstem generated through optical recording.
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90
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Yang SM, Doi T, Asako M, Matsumoto A, Yamashita T. Optical recording of membrane potential in dissociated mouse vestibular ganglion cells using a voltage-sensitive dye. Auris Nasus Larynx 2000; 27:15-21. [PMID: 10648063 DOI: 10.1016/s0385-8146(99)00068-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
We investigated membrane electrophysiological features of dissociated vestibular ganglion neurons, using a voltage-sensitive dye and a multiple site optical imaging system. The neuronal nature of the cultured vestibular ganglion cells was confirmed by positive staining with the anti-neurofilament 200 kDa antibody, using immunocytochemical methods. Optical absorption of the dye which binds to the external surface of neuron membranes increased while the cells were depolarized during perfusion with 150 mM potassium solution. The relative ratio (deltaI/I) of optical absorption change was 0.23 +/- 0.08% (means +/- S.D., n = 16). These optical responses were wavelength dependent, therefore, the optical response apparently originated from the voltage-sensitive dye. Under our experimental conditions, photodynamic damage and pharmacological effects of the dye were either absent or insignificant. We therefore concluded that optical recording is a new, practical and non-invasive method to simultaneously monitor changes in membrane potential from cultured vestibular ganglion cells. Optical recording is expected to provide further insight into mechanisms of information processing by vestibular ganglion neurons.
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91
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Wang TJ, Yang SM, Huang ZP, Li QF, Li QG, Zhou H, Zheng RL, Jia ZJ. [Induced-differentiation and cytotoxicity of isoverbascoside on HL-60 cells]. SHI YAN SHENG WU XUE BAO 1999; 32:321-7. [PMID: 12548858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2023]
Abstract
HL-60 cells were treated by isoverbascoside with different time and different concentrations in vitro. The differentiation of HL-60 cells was evaluated by light and electron microscopy to observe morphological changes, by chemiluminence to detect phagocytosis and by tumorigenesis in nude mice to determine malignancy. The cytotoxical effect of isoverbascoside on HL-60 cells was examined by trypan blue excluding staining and electron microscopy. The influence of isoverbascoside on cell cycle was measured by flow cytometry. Granular differentiation of HL-60 cells was induced by isoverbascoside at 20-25 mumol/L within 1-3 days as the results of morphological changes, enhancement of phagocytosis and decreasing of tumorigenesis. Strong cytotoxicity was evidenced in HL-60 cells treated by isoverbascoside at 30-35 mumol/L. HL-60 cells treated by isoverbascoside at 20 mumol/L were delayed at G1 phase at 12 hours and G2/M phase at 72 hours.
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92
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Oh MH, So JH, Yang SM. Rheological Evidence for the Silica-Mediated Gelation of Xanthan Gum. J Colloid Interface Sci 1999; 216:320-328. [PMID: 10421740 DOI: 10.1006/jcis.1999.6325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, the conformational effects of the adsorbed polyelectrolyte xanthan gum on the stability of colloidal silica suspensions were investigated by monitoring the rheological responses. The conformational transition of xanthan molecules was induced by changes in pH, added salts, and annealing temperature. The suspension stability was probed by examining the rheological behavior such as shear viscosity versus shear rate and shear moduli versus oscillatory frequency. The oscillatory shear measurements provided useful information on the structural change in the suspension. The results showed that the silica particles dispersed in the xanthan solution remained stable at pH 9 for a long period, whereas at pH 2, the gel network structure formed within a few days. When the gel structure formed, the storage modulus was larger than the loss modulus over the entire frequency range considered here and exhibited a thixotropic behavior. The heat treatment temperature best for stabilizing the silica suspension was shown about 60 degrees C and the silica sol treated at this temperature sustained its stability for more than 6 weeks. Copyright 1999 Academic Press.
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93
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Ha JW, Yang SM. Breakup of a Multiple Emulsion Drop in a Uniform Electric Field. J Colloid Interface Sci 1999; 213:92-100. [PMID: 10191011 DOI: 10.1006/jcis.1999.6117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The steady deformation and breakup of emulsion drops in a uniform electric field are considered experimentally. Due to the low volume fraction of inner drops, the emulsions can be effectively assumed as Newtonian fluids with spatial nonuniformity. The measurements of the electrical properties show that the oil-in-water (o/w) emulsion drop behaves like a conducting drop. On the other hand, the water-in-oil (w/o) emulsion drops can be regarded as inhomogeneous leaky dielectric drops. It is found that the viscosity ratio is not an important parameter within the small deformation limit and breakup mode of the o/w emulsion drops. In the case of w/o emulsion drops, however, the breakup mode depends on the viscosity ratio. Inherent nonuniformity of the emulsion drops makes drop more deformable and unstable. The tip-streaming is the dominant breakup mode of o/w emulsion drops when the nonuniformity of drop phase is appreciable. Copyright 1999 Academic Press.
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Matsumoto A, Doi T, Asako M, Yang SM, Yamashita T. Optical recording of membrane potential on isolated spiral ganglion cells of newborn mice using a voltage-sensitive dye. ACTA OTO-LARYNGOLOGICA. SUPPLEMENTUM 1999; 539:34-9. [PMID: 10095858 DOI: 10.1080/00016489850182099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Optical imaging methods make monitoring of the membrane potential feasible. With this technique, one can observe different optical signals depending on optical properties, in response to membrane potential, using voltage-sensitive dyes. We used the multiple-site optical imaging system to investigate membrane potentials of the isolated, cultured spiral ganglion cells (SCGs) from newborn mice. We used a voltage-sensitive absorption dye. With high potassium (150 mM K+) exposure, the absorbency of SGCs stained with voltage-sensitive dye increased temporarily under a 700-nm interference filter at approximately 0.3%. This detection of the depolarization of SGCs using an optical recording technique with a voltage-sensitive dye is important because it shows that the simultaneous measurement of activity in a variety of regions is possible, as is the exploring of the intercellular signalling pathway.
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95
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Deng DJ, Yang SM, Li T, Xin HJ. Confirmation of N-(nitrosomethyl) urea as a nitrosourea derived by nitrosation of fish sauce. BIOMEDICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES : BES 1999; 12:54-61. [PMID: 10442222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
N-(nitrosomethyl) urea (NMU) was characterized in the carcinogenic nitrosated fish sauce (NFS) with high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)-photohydrolysis-pyrolysis-thermal energy analysis recently. We used HPLC-electronic spray ionization-mass spectrometry and HPLC-diode array detection to confirm NMU in NFS further. It was observed that the corresponding chromatographic fraction of NMU of NFS showed the same mass spectrum (m/z 64, 102, and 145) and ultraviolet-absorbance (lambda max = 230 nm) as those of authentic NMU. These results confirmed that the component of NFS was NMU.
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96
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Lee HJ, Yang SM, Park OO. Surfactant Effect on the Stability and Electrorheological Properties of Polyaniline Particle Suspension. J Colloid Interface Sci 1998; 206:424-438. [PMID: 9756655 DOI: 10.1006/jcis.1998.5661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, the colloidal stability and electrorheological responses of semi-conductive polyaniline particles dispersed in a mineral oil were investigated experimentally. The polyaniline was synthesized by polymerization of aniline monomer. The surfactants used for the colloidal stability were commercially available nonionic Span20, Span80, and Span85, which are distinctly different in their molecular structures. Dynamic yield stress of polyaniline suspension, which possessed the quadratic dependence on electric field strength at low electric field, exhibited the linear dependence at high electric field. In addition, the conductivity of polyaniline particles influenced the electrorheological response and there existed the optimal conductivity for the maximum yield stress. In the presence of nonionic surfactants used here, the yield stress of polyaniline exhibited a local maximum at a certain surfactant concentration. The existence of optimal surfactant concentration was confirmed by the surfactant adsorption isotherm. We hypothesized that below the optimal threshold concentration, the electrorheological activity was enhanced by the increased interfacial polarization induced by the adsorbed surfactant molecules. Above the threshold concentration, however, the electrorheological activity was degraded by the conduction through the field-induced surfactant-rich bridge between adjacent particles. This optimal concentration coincided with the saturation concentration in the adsorption isotherm. The surfactants used in this study showed the improved colloidal stability due mainly to the induced steric hindrance effect. For the colloidal stability, Span80 was the most effective. However, considering that ER activity comes mainly from relatively large particles of O(µm), which are mostly present in our system, Span85 was the best choice for a stabilizing additive in the present ER suspension. In addition, our results showed that the presence of the nonionic surfactants considered here did not cause any sensible degradation at high temperatures. Copyright 1998 Academic Press.
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97
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Ha JW, Yang SM. Effect of Nonionic Surfactant on the Deformation and Breakup of a Drop in an Electric Field. J Colloid Interface Sci 1998; 206:195-204. [PMID: 9761644 DOI: 10.1006/jcis.1998.5676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
We have examined deformation and breakup of fluid drops suspended in another immiscible fluid under the action of an electric field. The contiguous fluids are incompressible Newtonian and the fluid-fluid interface is populated by nonionic surfactant molecules. The presence of the nonionic surfactant affects both the degree of deformation and the modes of breakup through the so-called Marangoni flow resulting from its nonuniform distribution on the interface. The drop is deformed into either a prolate or an oblate spheroid depending upon the electrical properties of the fluids and sustains a steady-state shape until the electrical Weber number is above a certain critical value. Two distinctively different modes of the drop breakup are observed depending on the surfactant concentration. When the interface is clean or contaminated by a very small amount of surfactant molecules, the drop bursts into several small droplets after forming bulbous ends. There exists a certain range of the surfactant concentration in which tip-steaming is a prevalent drop breakup mode. If the surfactant concentration exceeds this range, the breakup mode goes back to the fragmentation with bulbous end formation. This shows that, although not pronounced in the small deformation limit, nonuniformity in the surfactant distribution is a decisive factor for the breakup mechanism of a prolate spheroid. The results also show that when the drop deforms into an oblate spheroid, the effect of nonuniform distribution of surfactant can be significant. Copyright 1998 Academic Press.
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98
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Lee JD, Yang SM. Rheo-optical Behaviors and Stability of a Silica Particle Suspension Coated with Silane Coupling Agents. J Colloid Interface Sci 1998; 205:397-409. [PMID: 9735203 DOI: 10.1006/jcis.1998.5651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The rheo-optical behaviors and suspension stability of silica particles coated with silane coupling agents were investigated experimentally. Mono-dispersed silica particles were synthesized by the sol-gel method and the particles were coated with silane coupling agents such as vinyltriethoxy silane (VTES) and gamma-methacryloxypropyl triethoxy silane (MPTES). Although all the suspensions of identical particle volume fraction exhibited similar rheological behaviors at high shear rates, only the stabilized suspensions coated with either VTES or MPTES displayed smooth shear thinning rather than abrupt change in the shear viscosity, as is typical of suspensions with no surface treatment. The present study showed that the MPTES coating was very effective in enhancing the phase stability compared to the VTES coating. The flow-induced dichroism for the MPTES-coated suspensions did not experience sign change, while those of the non-stabilized suspensions changed sign as the shear rate was increased. The VTES-coated suspensions underwent a transition from a stable to an unstable state as the particle volume fraction increased. Specifically, the rheological behaviors of the VTES-coated suspensions of particle volume fraction 0.35 were similar to those of the MPTES-coated suspensions. When the volume fraction exceeded 0.45, however, the effect of VTES coating diminished. Finally, the stress-optical rule proposed by Bender and Wagner was adopted to model the stabilized suspensions considered here. The present results indicated that the stress-optical coefficient could be predicted successfully by the proposed stress-optical rule if the contribution from the hydrodynamic interaction is considered separately from the thermodynamic contribution. Copyright 1998 Academic Press.
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Kanamaru Y, Ikeda S, Yang SM, Kaneko T, Kuwata T, Nagaoka S, Shimizu M, Sachdev GP. A monoclonal antibody that recognizes a common carbohydrate epitope shared by various glycoproteins in human secretions. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1998; 249:618-23. [PMID: 9731185 DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.1998.9208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A monoclonal antibody (mAb; a mouse IgM referred to as 1CF11) recognizing various human glycoproteins was obtained. While the immunoreaction of glycoproteins from human secretions including milk, saliva, and bronchus was demonstrated as a typical dose-responded S-shaped reaction curve on ELISA, no reaction was detected with milks and sera of animal origin as well as human serum. In the constituting polypeptides of the human milk secretory IgA molecule, only the secretory component was recognized by this mAb. Among various chemical treatments of the purified human milk lactoferrin (Lf), only either periodate or mild alkaline treatment abolished the immunoreactivity of the glycoprotein. A recombinant human Lf was not immunoreactive. Finally, the immunoreactive fragments were isolated from human milk Lf, which remained reactive with PAS reagent while lacking the previously reported N-glycans. These results strongly suggest that the mAb 1CF11 recognizes a new glycan O-glycosidically linked to glycoproteins in human secretions.
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100
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Chan JY, Yang SM, Chan SH. Mediation by N-methyl- d-aspartate and non- N-methyl- d-aspartate receptors in the expression of fos protein at the nucleus tractus solitarii in response to baroreceptor activation in the rat. Neuroscience 1998; 83:93-105. [PMID: 9466401 DOI: 10.1016/s0306-4522(97)00371-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the role of glutamatergic synapses in the expression of Fos protein at the nucleus tractus solitarii following baroreceptor activation in rats anaesthetized with pentobarbital sodium. Microinjection of L-glutamate (1 nmol) bilaterally into the nucleus tractus solitarii elicited significant hypotension and bradycardia. There was a concurrent increase, as determined immunohistochemically, in the expression of Fos protein at the commissural, medial and dorsomedial subnuclei of the caudal nucleus tractus solitarii. These effects were blunted when L-glutamate was co-administered with either the selective N-methyl-D-aspartate or non-N-methyl-D-aspartate glutamate receptor antagonist, dizocilpine maleate (200 pmol) or 6-cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione (8 pmol), into the caudal nucleus tractus solitarii. Repeated and scheduled transient hypertension evoked by phenylephrine (2.5, 5.0 or 10.0 microg/kg, i.v.) also appreciably increased the number of Fos-immunoreactive neurons at the commissural, medial and dorsomedial subnuclei of the caudal nucleus tractus solitarii. The expression of Fos protein in this fashion was reduced, simultaneous with a discernible depression in baroreceptor reflex response, when baroreceptor activation was coupled with microinjection bilaterally of dizocilpine maleate (200 pmol) or 6-cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione (8 pmol) into the nucleus tractus solitarii. Regression analysis showed that the depressive action on the baroreceptor reflex response by both glutamate receptor antagonists correlated positively to the reduction in Fos-immunoreactivity in the nucleus tractus solitarii after baroreceptor activation. Double immunohistochemical staining revealed that nucleus tractus solitarii neurons that showed Fos immunoreactivity were generally also immunoreactive to alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionate receptor subunit 1. On the other hand, Fos immunoreactivity was usually absent from neurons in the nucleus tractus solitarii that were immunoreactive to N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor subunit 1. These results suggest that glutamatergic neurotransmission plays an active role, via comparable contributions from both N-methyl-D-aspartate and non-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors, in the expression of Fos protein at the caudal nucleus tractus solitarii in response to baroreceptor activation.
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