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Peng S, Sang T, Wang H, Guan Y, Deng Y, Wang P, Huang Z, Ye Z, Wu J. Bioinspired Anti-demineralization Enamel Coating for Orthodontics. J Dent Res 2022; 101:1620-1627. [PMID: 36271659 DOI: 10.1177/00220345221129806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
White spot lesions and enamel cracks are the 2 most prominent diseases that occur after orthodontic treatment and are caused by enamel demineralization from accumulated bacterial biofilms and/or enamel damage caused by the removal of residual adhesive after bracket debonding. Inspired by the self-assembled amelogenin nanoribbons in enamel, we developed an enamel coating with a self-assembling antimicrobial peptide, D-GL13K, to simultaneously reduce demineralization and residual adhesive. The self-assembled amphiphilic nanoribbons significantly increased the hydrophobicity of the etched enamel, which reduced the permeability of the coated enamel surfaces as desired. The antimicrobial activity of this coating was evaluated against Streptococcus mutans by colony-forming unit counting and live/dead assays. The anti-demineralization effect was demonstrated by the reduced demineralization depth analyzed by optical coherence tomography and the increased Vickers hardness. The coatings did not reduce the shear bond strength but significantly reduced the adhesive remnant index score. This bioinspired enamel coating may provide a new strategy for preventing white spot lesions and enamel cracks after orthodontic treatment.
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Xiao J, Li Y, Liu Y, Chen Y, He Z, Peng S, Yin Y. The involvement of homeobox-C 4 in predicting prognosis and unraveling immune landscape across multiple cancers via integrated analysis. Front Genet 2022; 13:1021473. [DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.1021473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: There has been growing evidence that the aberrantly expressed Homeobox-C 4 (HOXC4) plays crucial roles in the development of some cancer types. However, it remains unclear as far as its expression patterns and prognostic significance are concerned, as is tumor immunity.Methods: To investigate the expression levels and prognostic implications of HOXC4, multiple data sources were used in conjunction with quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) verification. Afterward, diverse immunological-related analyses, along with anti-cancer drug sensitivity, were performed in a number of cancer types. A further exploration of the underlying mechanisms of HOXC4 in tumorigenesis and immunity was carried out using the Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) and the Gene Set Variation Analysis (GSVA).Results: Based on extensive database mining, HOXC4 was ubiquitously expressed across 21 tumor cell lines and significantly higher than that of normal tissues in 21 tumor types. The outcome of survival analysis including overall survival (OS), disease-free interval (DFI), disease-specific survival (DSS) and progression-free interval (PFI) revealed that upregulation of HOXC4 expression in several cancers was associated with worse prognosis. Additionally, HOXC4 was observed to correlate closely with colon adenocarcinoma (COAD), head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSC), lower grade glioma (LGG), liver hepatocellular carcinoma (LIHC), rectum adenocarcinoma (READ), and thyroid carcinoma (THCA) in terms of tumor immune cells infiltration. As a result of our comprehensive pan-cancer study, we have identified a significant link between the expression of HOXC4 and the efficacy of immunotherapy-related treatments, together with anti-cancer drug sensitivity. As a final note, HOXC4 was found to modulate multiple signaling pathways involved in tumorigenesis and immunity.Conclusion: HOXC4 has been implicated in our study for the first time as an oncogene in cancers with a poor prognosis, potentially laying the groundwork for promising clinical biomarkers and immunotherapy approaches.
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Hall-Chen VH, Damba J, Parra FI, Pratt QT, Michael CA, Peng S, Rhodes TL, Crocker NA, Hillesheim JC, Hong R, Ni S, Peebles WA, Png CE, Ruiz Ruiz J. Validating and optimizing mismatch tolerance of Doppler backscattering measurements with the beam model (invited). THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2022; 93:103536. [PMID: 36319398 DOI: 10.1063/5.0101805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
We use the beam model of Doppler backscattering (DBS), which was previously derived from beam tracing and the reciprocity theorem, to shed light on mismatch attenuation. This attenuation of the backscattered signal occurs when the wavevector of the probe beam's electric field is not in the plane perpendicular to the magnetic field. Correcting for this effect is important for determining the amplitude of the actual density fluctuations. Previous preliminary comparisons between the model and Mega-Ampere Spherical Tokamak (MAST) plasmas were promising. In this work, we quantitatively account for this effect on DIII-D, a conventional tokamak. We compare the predicted and measured mismatch attenuation in various DIII-D, MAST, and MAST-U plasmas, showing that the beam model is applicable in a wide variety of situations. Finally, we performed a preliminary parameter sweep and found that the mismatch tolerance can be improved by optimizing the probe beam's width and curvature at launch. This is potentially a design consideration for new DBS systems.
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Wang H, Zhang J, Zhang X, Zhao N, Zhou Z, Tao L, Fu L, Peng S, Chai J. Fluorofenidone ameliorates cholestasis and fibrosis by inhibiting hepatic Erk/-Egr-1 signaling and Tgfβ1/Smad pathway in mice. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2022; 1868:166556. [PMID: 36154893 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2022.166556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Cholestasis is characterized by intrahepatic accumulation of bile acids (BAs), resulting in liver injury, fibrosis, and liver failure. To date, only ursodeoxycholic acid and obeticholic acid have been approved for the treatment of cholestasis. As fluorofenidone (AKF-PD) was previously reported to play significant anti-fibrotic and anti-inflammatory roles in various diseases, we investigated whether AKF-PD ameliorates cholestasis. A mouse model of cholestasis was constructed by administering a 0.1 % 3,5-diethoxycarbonyl-1,4-dihydroxychollidine (DDC) diet for 14 days. Male C57BL/6 J mice were treated with either AKF-PD or pirfenidone (PD) orally in addition to the DDC diet. Serum and liver tissues were subsequently collected and analyzed. We found that AKF-PD significantly reduced the levels of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and total bile salts (TBA), as well as hepatic bile acids (BAs) levels. Hepatic histological analyses demonstrated that AKF-PD markedly attenuated hepatic inflammation and fibrosis. Further mechanistic analyses revealed that AKF-PD markedly inhibited expression of Cyp7a1, an enzyme key to BAs synthesis, by increasing Fxr nuclear translocation, and decreased hepatic inflammation by attenuating Erk/-Egr-1-mediated expression of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines Tnfα, Il-1β, Il-6, Ccl2, Ccl5 and Cxcl10. Moreover, AKF-PD was found to substantially reduce liver fibrosis via inhibition of Tgfβ1/Smad pathway in our mouse model. Here, we found that AKF-PD effectively attenuates cholestasis and hepatic fibrosis in the mouse model of DDC-induced cholestasis. As such, AKF-PD warrants further investigation as a candidate drug for treatment of cholestasis.
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Chen S, Wang Y, Xie W, Shen S, Peng S, Kuang M. 710P Neoadjuvant tislelizumab for resectable recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma: A non-randomized control, phase II trial (TALENT). Ann Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.07.834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Liu Y, He M, Yin T, Zheng Z, Fang C, Peng S. Prevalence of recurrent aphthous stomatitis, oral submucosal fibrosis and oral leukoplakia in doctor/nurse and police officer population. BMC Oral Health 2022; 22:353. [PMID: 35974343 PMCID: PMC9382799 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-022-02382-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The doctor/nurse and police officer population have some common typical characteristics of great professional pressure and night shift and past studies indicated oral mucosa lesions were closely associated with psychological factors and health-risking behaviors, however the prevalence of recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) and the two commonly seen oral potentially malignant disorders of oral submucosal fibrosis (OSF) and oral leukoplakia in doctor/nurse and police officer in the Betel quid chewing city of Mainland China is unknown The cross-sectional study was to determine the prevalence differences of RAS, oral leukoplakia and OSF among doctor/nurse, police officer and non-doctor/nurse and non-police officer population aged 20-59 years. METHODS RAS, OSF and oral leukoplakia were examined in doctor/nurse group (male: 659, female: 2439), police officer group (male: 839, female: 262) and non-doctor/nurse and non-police officer group (male: 7576, female: 8129) from 2020-11-01 to 2021-08-31 in Health Management Center, Xiangya Hospital in Changsha city, Hunan province. RESULTS The prevalence rates of RAS, OSF, oral leukoplakia and oral leukoplakia combined with OSF in male and female non-doctor/nurse and non-police officer group are 8.32‰ and 10.83‰, 58.08‰ and 1.23‰, 11.75‰ and 0.25‰, 7.66‰ and 0.12‰ respectively. Compared with the non-doctor/nurse and non-police officer population, prevalence rates of RAS in male (24.27‰) and female (20.50‰) doctor/nurse population were significantly higher. Prevalence rates of OSF (21.24‰) and oral leukoplakia (3.03‰) in male doctor/nurse population were significantly less but prevalence rates of OSF (93.71‰), oral leukoplakia (20.17‰) and oral leukoplakia combined with OSF (15.42‰) for male police officer were significantly greater in comparison with male non-doctor/nurse and non-police officer group. OSF and oral leukoplakia prevalence rates were obvious lower for the female than the counterpart male group, but there were no significant differences of OSF and oral leukoplakia prevalence rates between the female non-doctor/nurse and non-police officer and female doctor/nurse group. Oral leukoplakia was not found in the female police officers. CONCLUSIONS Doctor/nurse population have higher prevalence of RAS. Male doctors/nurses have lower prevalence of OSF and oral leukoplakia, while male police officers have higher prevalence of OSF, oral leukoplakia and oral leukoplakia combined with OSF.
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Li Y, Li R, Cheng D, Fu X, Fu L, Peng S. The potential of CircRNA1002 as a biomarker in hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma. PeerJ 2022; 10:e13640. [PMID: 35782101 PMCID: PMC9248787 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.13640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Although hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common type of primary liver cancer, there is a lack of effective diagnostic measures. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) can be used as biomarkers for monitoring the occurrence and development of HCC. However, a convenient and reliable serum circRNA biomarker is not currently available. Materials & Methods CircRNA expression profiles were explored using high-throughput sequencing technology, and targeted circRNAs and mRNAs were validated by quantitative reverse transcription PCR (RT-qPCR). The biological functions of circRNAs were investigated using Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis. Downstream miRNAs and mRNAs of dysregulated circRNAs were predicted using TargetScan, miRanda, and miRDB; then circRNA-miRNA-mRNA interaction networks were constructed based on sequencing data and the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Results A total of 50,327 circRNAs were identified, with 1,187 circRNAs significantly differentially expressed between hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related HCC and HBV asymptomatic carriers. Among these circRNAs, four (circRNA1002, circRNA7941, circRNA 39338, and circRNA44142) were validated by RT-qPCR as being statistically different either in HCC tissue or serum samples. circRNA1002 was significantly down-regulated in both HCC serum and tissue, indicating its reliability. Bioinformatics analysis showed that circRNA1002-associated genes were enriched in GO terms relating to hormone pathway and cell-cell interaction processes, which are involved in the progression of HCC. Conclusion Our circRNA analysis of HCC patients and HBV asymptomatic carriers showed that circRNA1002 may be a reliable serum biomarker for HCC. These results could provide an improved assay for the early detection of HCC.
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Cheng D, Wu C, Li Y, Liu Y, Mo J, Fu L, Peng S. METTL3 inhibition ameliorates liver damage in mouse with hepatitis B virus-associated acute-on-chronic liver failure by regulating miR-146a-5p maturation. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. GENE REGULATORY MECHANISMS 2022; 1865:194782. [PMID: 34968770 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2021.194782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV)-associated acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) is a clinical syndrome of severe liver damage. HBV infection is affected by N6-methyladenosine (m6A) RNA modification. Here, we investigated whether methyltransferase-like 3 (METTL3)-mediated m6A methylation can affect ACLF. Human hepatic cells (THLE-2) were treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to induce cell damage. Proliferation, apoptosis and m6A modification were measured by MTT assay, flow cytometry and Dot blot assay. Our results showed that HBV infection significantly enhanced the levels of m6A modification and elevated the expression of METTL3 and mature-miR-146a-5p in THLE-2 cells, which was repressed by cycloleucine (m6A inhibitor). METTL3 overexpression enhanced m6A modification and promoted mature-miR-146a-5p expression. METTL3 overexpression promoted HBV replication and apoptosis, enhanced the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg), and repressed cell proliferation in THLE-2 cells, which attributed to repress miR-146a-5p maturation. Moreover, a severe liver failure mouse model was established by HBV infection to verify the impact of METTL3 knockdown on liver damage in vivo. HBV-infection led to a severe liver damage and increase of apoptosis in hepatic tissues of mice, which was abolished by METTL3 knockdown. METTL3 knockdown reduced METTL3 expression and impeded miR-146a-5p maturation in HBV-infected mice. In conclusion, this work demonstrates that METTL3 inhibition ameliorates liver damage in mouse with HBV-associated ACLF, which contributes to repress miR-146a-5p maturation. Thus, this article suggests a novel therapeutic avenue to prevent and treat HBV-associated ACLF.
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Li X, Yu L, Chen R, Peng S, Liang X, Zhong W, Pu H, Fang F, Li H, Wang L. Effects of various preservation treatments on diversity and abundance of microbial community in rice product (MiBa) during storage. ACTA ALIMENTARIA 2022. [DOI: 10.1556/066.2021.00167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
To determine the most effective preservation method for MiBa (a traditional Chinese rice product), MiBa treated with 75% alcohol, 75% alcohol + inhibitor, ozone treatment; untreated (control); and raw rice were subjected to 16S rRNA gene and ITS three-generation sequencing by High-throughput Sequencing Technology. According to the results the preservation effects of different treatment methods ranked as follows: ozone treatment >75% alcohol treatment >75% alcohol+inhibitor > control. Bacterial composition analysis showed that the bacterial community on the surface of MiBa treated with ozone was dominated by genera Leuconostoc and Serratia. The fungal community consisted mainly of Aspergillus and Alternaria. In summary, ozone treatment proved to be the most effective in inhibiting microbial contamination during the storage of MiBa, effectively extending its shelf life.
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Peng S, Yang S. Distributional Uncertainty of the Financial Time Series Measured by $G$-Expectation. THEORY OF PROBABILITY AND ITS APPLICATIONS 2022. [DOI: 10.1137/s0040585x97t990708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Li X, Lang X, Peng S, Ding L, Li S, Li Y, Yin L, Liu X. Calf Circumference and All-Cause Mortality: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Based on Trend Estimation Approaches. J Nutr Health Aging 2022; 26:826-838. [PMID: 36156674 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-022-1838-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis and quantify the associations of total mortality with calf circumference (CC) in adults 18 years and older via combining various analyses based on empirical dichotomic CC, continuous CC, and dose-response CC. METHODS We conducted a systematic search of relevant studies in PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science published through April 12, 2022. This systematic review includes longitudinal observational studies reporting the relationships of total mortality with CC. We calculated the pooled relative risk (RR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of total mortality with CC per 1 cm for each study and combined the values using standard meta-analysis approaches. Newcastle-Ottawa scale (NOS), Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations approach (GRADE), and the Instrument for assessing the Credibility of Effect Modification Analyses (ICEMAN) were assessed for meta-analyses. RESULTS Our analysis included a total of 37 cohort studies involving 62,736 participants, across which moderate heterogeneity was observed (I2=75.7%, P<0.001), but no publication bias was found. Study quality scores ranged from 6 to 9 (mean 7.7), with only three studies awarded a score of 6 (fair quality). We observed an inverse trend between total death risk and CC per 1 cm increase (RR, 0.95, 95% CI, 0.94-0.96; P<0.001; GRADE quality=high). Only a very slight difference was found among residents of nursing homes (6.9% mortality risk reduction per one cm CC increase), community-dwellers (5.4%), and those living in hospitals (4.8%), respectively (P for meta-regression=0.617). Low credible subgroup difference was found based on the ICEMAN tool. CONCLUSIONS Calf circumference is a valid anthropometric measure for mortality risk prediction in a community, nursing home, or hospital.
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Chiu R, Tran T, Miranda-Taylor M, Bamdad S, Jia Y, Crabtree M, Cornford M, Yap C, Peng S. Biphasic Sarcomatoid Sweat Gland Carcinoma With Ductal Epithelial And Spindled Myoepithelial Cell Components (Malignant Mixed Tumor Of Skin). Am J Clin Pathol 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/ajcp/aqab191.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction/Objective
Sweat gland carcinomas are a group of malignant skin adnexal tumors that are difficult to diagnose due to their rarity, wide morphologic variation, and limited literature on diagnosis and classification. These tumors may appear bland and morphologically resemble benign skin adnexal tumors, or may appear poorly differentiated and mimic metastatic carcinoma especially from a breast primary. Biphasic sweat gland carcinomas are an even rarer entity, with only few cases reported in literature, and have been described to consist of a well- differentiated ductal epithelial component and a poorly differentiated, sarcomatoid, spindle cell component.
Methods/Case Report
Our case report describes a 53 year old female referred to our institution for diagnosis of an excised skin lesion of the right upper arm, which had been slowly growing for 8 years. The histology revealed a biphasic malignant neoplasm involving the dermis and subcutis. The tumor consisted of an epithelial cell component with glandular and squamoid morphology and positive for CK5/6, CK7, and CAM5.2, and a spindled myoepithelial cell component with sarcomatoid morphology and positive for S100, vimentin, and p63. Stains for CK20, ER, PR, PAX8, CEA, and TTF1 were negative. The histological and clinical findings favored a primary skin adnexal tumor, rather than a metastatic lesion.
The patient underwent wide local excision of the lesion given that margins of the original excision were indeterminate. The histology of this re-excision demonstrated the same biphasic tumor with ductal epithelial and sarcomatoid myoepithelial cell components positive for the same stains. Although margins were negative in this re-excision, 3-4 months later, the patient developed dyspnea with multiple new pulmonary and hilar masses discovered on imaging, and new-onset headache with a frontal lobe mass discovered on brain imaging. These masses were biopsied/resected, and revealed to be metastases of the original cutaneous tumor positive for the same markers.
Results (if a Case Study enter NA)
NA
Conclusion
This case report describes a rare, diagnostically challenging case of a biphasic sweat gland carcinoma with ductal epithelial and sarcomatoid myoepithelial cell components, which demonstrated aggressive behavior with distant metastasis. These tumors are a clinicopathological quandary given their rarity and the paucity of literature on their characterization.
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Meawad H, Bamdad S, Peng S. Skin Involvement by Erdheim-Chester Disease; A Case Report. Am J Clin Pathol 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/ajcp/aqab191.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction/Objective
Erdheim-Chester Disease (ECD) is considered one of the rare forms of non-Langerhans cell histiocytosis. It is caused by infiltration of different organs with lipid-laden histiocytes with foamy cytoplasm. Clinically, it can present as an indolent localized disease or a fatal disease with multi-organ failure.
Methods/Case Report
Here we report a case of fifty year-old female with a history of Erdheim Chester disease involvement of the left parietal lobe presented to the dermatology clinic with purpuric, tender maculopapular rash on bilateral cheeks, trunk, and bilateral upper extremities. Biopsy of the lesion on central chest revealed acute and chronic superficial dermal inflammation and skin crusting. The dermis is also infiltrated by many foamy lipid-laden macrophages. These macrophages stained with CD68 and CD163 and were S-100 and CD1a negative. BRAF V600E mutation was detected. Based on the immunophenotypic characteristics, as well as the molecular testing results and the clinical history of the patient, diagnosis of cutaneous involvement by Erdheim- Chester disease was made.
Results (if a Case Study enter NA)
NA
Conclusion
In summary, despite the fact that skin involvement by Erdheim- Chester disease is rare, it is imperative to consider it in the differential diagnosis of histiocytic diseases affecting the skin and differentiate it from its histologic mimickers. Molecular testing is a helpful tool in the diagnosis of Erdheim-Chester disease. Accurate diagnosis is crucial for guiding treatment plans.
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Cheng D, Chai J, Wang H, Fu L, Peng S, Ni X. Hepatic macrophages: Key players in the development and progression of liver fibrosis. Liver Int 2021; 41:2279-2294. [PMID: 33966318 DOI: 10.1111/liv.14940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Hepatic fibrosis is a common pathological process involving persistent liver injury with various etiologies and subsequent inflammatory responses that occur in chronic liver diseases. If left untreated, liver fibrosis can progress to liver cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma and eventually, liver failure. Unfortunately, to date, there is no effective treatment for liver fibrosis, with the exception of liver transplantation. Although the pathophysiology of liver fibrosis is multifactorial and includes the activation of hepatic stellate cells, which are known to drive liver fibrogenesis, hepatic macrophages have emerged as central players in the development of liver fibrosis and regression. Hepatic macrophages, which consist of resident macrophages (Kupffer cells) and monocyte-derived macrophages, have been shown to play an intricate role in the initiation of inflammatory responses to liver injury, progression of fibrosis, and promotion of fibrosis resolution. These features have made hepatic macrophages uniquely attractive therapeutic targets in the fight against hepatic fibrosis. In this review, we synthesised the literature to highlight the functions and regulation of heterogeneity in hepatic macrophages. Furthermore, using the existing findings, we attempt to offer insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying the phenotypic switch from fibrogenic macrophages to restorative macrophages, the regulation of heterogeneity, and modes of action for hepatic macrophages. A better understanding of these mechanisms may guide the development of novel anti-fibrotic therapies (eg macrophage subset-targeted treatments) to combat liver fibrosis in the future.
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Wu C, Cheng D, Peng Y, Li Y, Fu C, Wang Y, Fu L, Peng S, Ni X. Hepatic BRD4 Is Upregulated in Liver Fibrosis of Various Etiologies and Positively Correlated to Fibrotic Severity. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:683506. [PMID: 34336890 PMCID: PMC8317578 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.683506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Bromodomain-containing protein 4 (BRD4) has been implicated to play a regulatory role in fibrogenic gene expression in animal models of liver fibrosis. The potential role of BRD4 in liver fibrosis in humans remains unclear. We sought to investigate the expression and cellular localization of BRD4 in fibrotic liver tissues. Human liver tissues were collected from healthy individuals and patients with liver fibrosis of various etiologies. RNA-seq showed that hepatic BRD4 mRNA was elevated in patients with liver fibrosis compared with that in healthy controls. Subsequent multiple manipulations such as western blotting, real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and dual immunofluorescence analysis confirmed the abnormal elevation of the BRD4 expression in liver fibrosis of various etiologies compared to healthy controls. BRD4 expression was positively correlated with the severity of liver fibrosis, and also correlated with the serum levels of aspartate aminotransferase and total bilirubin. Moreover, the expression of C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 6 (CXCL6), a factor interplayed with BRD4, was increased in hepatic tissues of the patients with liver fibrosis. Its expression level was positively correlated with BRD4 level. BRD4 is up-regulated in liver fibrosis, regardless of etiology, and its increased expression is positively correlated with higher degrees of liver fibrosis. Our data indicate that BRD4 play a critical role in the progress of liver fibrosis, and it holds promise as a potential target for intervention of liver fibrosis.
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Abaidullah M, Peng S, Kamran M, Song X, Ali Sher A, Chen Y, Rehman A, Lin L, Jia R, Yin Z. Phageome-based vaccination and human innate immune modulation could be a useful strategy to control human Coronavirus infections. J BIOL REG HOMEOS AG 2021; 35:865-880. [PMID: 34042415 DOI: 10.23812/20-592-a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Human Coronavirus (CoV) infections, including SARS-COV, MERS-COV, and SARS-CoV-2, usually cause fatal lower and upper respiratory tract infections due to exacerbated expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines. We aim to summarize different aspects, such as CoV immune evasion mechanisms and host innate immune response to these infections, and their role in pathogenesis. We have also elaborated the up-to-date findings on different vaccine development strategies and progress against CoVs in both humans and non-human models. Most importantly, we have described the Phageome-human immune interaction, its therapeutic usage as anti-viral, anti-inflammatory agent, and implications for multiple vaccine development systems. The data suggest that endogenous phages might play a vital role in eliminating the infection and regulating the body's immune system. Considering the innate-immune-induced pathogenesis against CoVs and the therapeutic aptitude of phageome, we propose that the prophylactic administration of phages and phage-based vaccines could be a useful strategy to control the emerging CoV infections.
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Lopez‐Girona A, Groocock L, Mo Z, Narla RK, Janardhanan P, Wood S, Mendy D, Barnes L, Peng S, Jankeel D, Fontanillo C, Carrancio S, Hansen J. CC‐99282 IS A NOVEL CEREBLON E3 LIGASE MODULATOR (CELMOD) AGENT WITH POTENT AND BROAD ANTITUMOR ACTIVITY IN PRECLINICAL MODELS OF DIFFUSE LARGE B‐CELL LYMPHOMA (DLBCL). Hematol Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/hon.144_2880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Mo J, Fu L, Zheng Y, Peng S. Clinical characteristics of Graves ' disease associated cholestasis. ZHONG NAN DA XUE XUE BAO. YI XUE BAN = JOURNAL OF CENTRAL SOUTH UNIVERSITY. MEDICAL SCIENCES 2021; 46:47-52. [PMID: 33678636 PMCID: PMC10878292 DOI: 10.11817/j.issn.1672-7347.2021.200004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES A variety of causes can lead to cholestasis, however, cholestasis caused by Graves' disease is usually overlooked clinically. Here we analyze the clinical characteristics of Graves' disease associated cholestasis so as to have a better understanding for the disease. METHODS We retrospectively collected 13 inpatients' data who suffered from the Graves' disease associated cholestasis in the Department of Infectious Disease of Xiangya Hospital from January 2000 to December 2018. The characteristics of the patients' age, gender, liver function, thyroid function, coagulation function, the special cardiac examination, treatment, and follow-up data were analyzed. RESULTS Thirteen patients, including 10 males and 3 females with the age range from 33 to 55 (median 43) years old presented cholestasis, pruritus, and hypermetabolic symptoms. The levels of total bilirubin (TBIL), direct bilirubin (DBIL), glutamic-pyruvic transferase, glutamic-oxaloacetic transferase, alkaline phosphosphatase, and gamma glutamyl transpeptidase were 170.4-976.7 (median 388.8) µmol/L, 93.2-418.1 (median 199.2) µmol/L, 25.1-182.1 (median 106.4) U/L, 38.2-265.7 (median 59.7) U/L, 105.3-332.0 (median 184.5) U/L, and 20.7-345.1 (median 47.6) U/L, respectively. The levels of free triiodothyronine (FT3), free thyroxine (FT4), and thyrotrophin receptor antibody were 4.1-50.0 (median 21.6) pmol/L, 30.4-100.0 (median 87.9) pmol/L, and 4.2-40 (median 19.8) U/mL, respectively. All patients' coagulation function, heart size, and ejection fraction (EF) value were normal. After anti-thyroid treatment, the levels of FT3, FT4, and TBIL decreased. Through telephone interview, we were able to know that after 6 months of anti-thyroid treatment, the level of FT3, FT4, and TBIL in these patients returned to normal, and the itch symptom disappeared completely. CONCLUSIONS Graves' disease can cause cholestasis, with the low incidence. The symptoms of cholestasis can be improved or even eradicated with the cure of the Graves' disease. The cholestasis may be idiopathic. For patients with cholestasis and hyperthyroidism, Graves' disease should be considered for differential diagnosis.
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Yuan M, Wang Y, Kou L, Peng S, Li M, Zhang T. Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Followed by Radical Surgery Versus Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy in Patients With Stage IIA-IIIA Cervical Carcinoma. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2020.07.2591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Hong S, Su Z, Li J, Yu S, Lin B, Ke Z, Zhang Q, Guo Z, Lv W, Peng S, Cheng L, He Q, Liu R, Xiao H. 307P Development of circulating free DNA methylation markers for thyroid nodule diagnostics. Ann Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.10.301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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Kou L, Zhang T, Peng S, Wang Y, Yuan M, Li M. Adjuvant Chemotherapy after Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy for Locally Advanced Cervical Cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2020.07.2171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Tran TT, Bhuyan R, Peng S. Case Report: Coexistence of Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma and Adenoid Basal Carcinoma in the Uterine Cervix. Am J Clin Pathol 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ajcp/aqaa161.094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction/Objective
Adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) and adenoid basal carcinoma (ABC) are very rare tumors, accounting for less than 1% of all cervical adenocarcinomas. ACC is an aggressive neoplasm and has poor prognosis while ABC has a favorable prognosis. Coexistence of ACC or ABC and squamous intraepithelial lesion/invasive squamous cell carcinoma in the uterine cervix has been reported in the literature; however, coexistence of ACC and ABC in the uterine cervix is very rare.
Methods
Case presentation: Here we present a case of coexistence ACC and ABC in a 66-year-old woman who suffered from heavy bloody vaginal discharge for one year with weight fluctuations. The cervical exam and CT scan showed a friable mass at the uterine cervix, measuring up to 5.5 cm, and cervical mass punch biopsy was performed. Histopathological examination of the specimen revealed an intact nonkeratinizing stratified squamous epithelium overlying proliferation of nests punctuated by small round spaces, resembling cribriform pattern in the stroma. The tumor cells were small and basaloid with hyperchromatic nuclei and scant cytoplasm. Palisading of tumor cells at the peripheral of the tumor nests were observed in some areas. Mitotic figures and necrosis were not seen.
Immunohistochemical stains were performed and showed two distinct patterns of ACC and ABC. ACC tumor cells were positive for CD117, focally positive for CAM5.2 and S100, and negative for p63. ABC tumor cells were positive for p63 and EMA and negative for CD117 and S100. Both ACC and ABC components were positive for p16, Sox 10, BCL-2 and vimentin and negative for CK7, p40, CEA and ER. PAS stain showed positive staining in the basement membrane-like material in ACC component. A final pathologic diagnosis of coexistence of ACC and ABC of the uterine cervix were made.
Conclusion
Literature review revealed that this was an exceedingly rare case of coexistence of ACC and ABC in the uterine cervix. It is extremely important to correctly diagnose ACC and ABC as there is very poor prognosis in the former and good prognosis in the latter.
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Yuan M, Li M, Peng S, Wang Y, Kou L, Zhang T. 866P Neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by radical surgery versus concurrent chemoradiotherapy in patients with stage IIA-IIIA cervical carcinoma. Ann Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.08.1005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Xu LX, He MH, Dai ZH, Yu J, Wang JG, Li XC, Jiang BB, Ke ZF, Su TH, Peng ZW, Guo Y, Chen ZB, Chen SL, Peng S, Kuang M. Genomic and transcriptional heterogeneity of multifocal hepatocellular carcinoma. Ann Oncol 2020; 30:990-997. [PMID: 30916311 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) often presents with multiple nodules within the liver, with limited effective interventions. The high genetic heterogeneity of HCC might be the major cause of treatment failure. We aimed to characterize genomic heterogeneity, infer clonal evolution, investigate RNA expression pattern and explore tumour immune microenvironment profile of multifocal HCC. PATIENTS AND METHODS Whole-exome sequencing and RNA sequencing were carried out in 34 tumours and 6 adjacent normal liver tissue samples from 6 multifocal HCC patients. Protein expression of Ki67, AFP, P53, Survivin and CD8 was detected by immunohistochemistry. Fluorescence in situ hybridization was carried out to validate the amplification status of sorafenib-targeted genes. RESULTS We deciphered genomic and transcriptional heterogeneity among tumours in each multifocal HCC patient including mutational profiles, copy number alterations, tumour evolutionary trajectory and tumour immune microenvironment profiles. Of note, sorafenib-targeted alterations were identified in the trunk of phylogenetic tree in only one out of the six patients, which may explain the relative low treatment response rate to sorafenib in clinical practice. Moreover, we demonstrated RNA expression patterns and tumour immune microenvironment profiles of all nodules. We found that RNA expression pattern was associated with Edmondson-Steiner grading. Based on the differential expression of 66 reported immune markers, unsupervised hierarchical clustering analysis of 34 nodules identified immune subsets: one low expression cluster with seven nodules and one high expression cluster with 11 nodules. CD8+ T cells were more enriched in nodules of the high expression cluster. CONCLUSIONS Our study provided a detailed view of genomic and transcriptional heterogeneity, clonal evolution and immune infiltration of multifocal HCC. The heterogeneity of druggable targets and immune landscape might help interpret the clinical responsiveness to targeted drugs and immunotherapy for multifocal HCC patients.
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Ouyang Y, Tang Y, Fu L, Peng S, Wu W, Tan D, Fu X. Exosomes secreted by chronic hepatitis B patients with PNALT and liver inflammation grade ≥ A2 promoted the progression of liver cancer by transferring miR-25-3p to inhibit the co-expression of TCF21 and HHIP. Cell Prolif 2020; 53:e12833. [PMID: 32525231 PMCID: PMC7377934 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The current study aimed to investigate the mechanism by which exosomes secreted by CHB patients with PNALT and liver inflammation grade (≥A2) affected the development of liver cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS Gene expression was assessed by RT-PCR, Western blotting and immunohistochemistry. CCK-8, colony formation, transwell, scratch-wound and flow cytometry assays were used to detect cell viability, proliferation, apoptosis and metastasis. The interaction of TCF21 and HHIP was assessed by co-immunoprecipitation assay. Luciferase reporter was used to detect the combination of TCF21/HHIP and miR-25-3p. Xenograft studies in nude mice manifested tumour growth ability of miR-25-3p. Bioinformatics analyses were conducted using TargetScan, EVmiRNA, TCGA, GEO, DAVID, COEXPEDIA, UALCAN, UCSC and the Human Protein Atlas databases. RESULTS CHB-PNALT-Exo (≥A2) promoted the proliferation and metastasis of HepG2.2.15 cells. miR-25-3p was upregulated in CHB-PNALT-Exo (≥A2). miR-25-3p overexpression promoted cell proliferation and metastasis and was related to poor survival in patients with CHB-PNALT (≥A2). The cell proliferation- and metastasis-promoting functions of CHB-PNALT-Exo (≥A2) were abolished by miR-25-3p inhibitors. TCF21 directly interacted with HHIP. Inhibition of TCF21 or HHIP promoted cell proliferation and metastasis. Knockdown of TCF21 or HHIP counteracted the effects of CHB-PNALT-Exo (≥A2) containing miR-25-3p inhibitor on cell proliferation, metastasis and the expression of Ki67, E-cadherin and caspase-3/-9. CONCLUSIONS Transfer of miR-25-3p by CHB-PNALT-Exo promoted the development of liver cancer by inhibiting the co-expression of TCF21 and HHIP.
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