26
|
Wang FL, Yang Y, Liu ZY, Qin Y, Jin T. Correlation between methylation of the p16 promoter and cervical cancer incidence. EUROPEAN REVIEW FOR MEDICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL SCIENCES 2017; 21:2351-2356. [PMID: 28617556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the methylation of the promoter of the p16 gene in cervical cancer patients and explore the correlation between methylation and the incidence of cervical cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS We recruited 78 patients with cervical cancer and 48 healthy individuals. The methylation-specific PCR was used to detect the methylation status in the promoter of the p16 gene. The mRNA expression of p16 was studied by quantitative fluorescence PCR. The protein expression of p16 was monitored by Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and Western blot. Immunohistochemistry was applied to detect the expression and distribution of p16 in cervical tissues. RESULTS The methylation sequencing results showed that samples from cervical cancer patients had a methylation rate of 78.52% in the p16 gene promoter region compared with a much lower rate of 9.8% in the control group (9.8%). Quantitative fluorescence PCR indicated that the p16 mRNA expression was significantly reduced in cervical cancer patients compared with controls. ELISA and Western blot results showed that expression of the p16 protein in cancer tissue was 0.81 ± 0.12 µg/l, whereas in the healthy controls it was 3.21 ± 0.24 µg/l. Immunohistochemical results showed that the p16 protein was mainly present in the cytoplasm. The rate of p16 positive cells in the healthy cervical tissue 83.29% was higher than in cervical cancer 10.18%. CONCLUSIONS The methylation of the p16 gene promoter could significantly reduce p16 expression, losing its tumor suppressor activity and promoting the development of cervical cancer.
Collapse
|
27
|
Liu JM, Cheng SH, Xia C, Deng T, Zhu YC, Wei X, Huang ZL, Liao BH, Luo DY, Zhang YG, Jin T, Wang KJ, Huang J, Li H. Association between single nucleotide polymorphisms in AKT1 and the risk of prostate cancer in the Chinese Han population. GENETICS AND MOLECULAR RESEARCH 2017; 16:gmr-16-01-gmr.16019469. [PMID: 28363000 DOI: 10.4238/gmr16019469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
AKT1, also known as v-akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog 1, is involved in the regulation of cell-survival and anti-apoptotic activities, which may affect the pathogenesis of various cancers. However, the association between genetic variants of AKT1 and the risk of developing prostate cancer has not been investigated before. This study investigated the associations between three polymorphisms (rs1130214, rs3730358, and rs2494732) in AKT1 and the risk of development of prostate cancer in the Chinese Han population. Sequenom MassARRAY & iPLEX technology were used to genotype these polymorphisms in 493 Chinese Han patients with prostate cancer and 309 age-matched healthy individuals. Compared to the CC genotype of the rs3730358 polymorphism, the CT genotype of the same polymorphism was strongly associated with a decreased risk of prostate cancer (OR = 0.617, 95%CI = 0.390-0.976, P = 0.037). However, there was no significant difference between the allele frequency of the rs3730358 polymorphism and those of the other two polymorphisms (P > 0.05). Moreover, no significant difference was found in the haplotype analysis (P > 0.05). Our study found that the variant genotype CT of rs3730358 of AKT1 was associated with a decreased risk of prostate cancer, which suggested that this polymorphism could play an important role in the development of the disease.
Collapse
|
28
|
Wu Q, Diao H, Yu M, Liu Q, Ji X, Ge Z, Jin T. Signaling pathway activation changes induced by Cd exposure combined with Cx43 silencing in HK-2. Toxicol Lett 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2016.07.390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
29
|
Li D, Liu F, Yang T, Jin T, Zhang H, Luo X, Wang M. Rapamycin protects against neuronal death and improves neurological function with modulation of microglia after experimental intracerebral hemorrhage in rats. Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand) 2016; 62:67-75. [PMID: 27755955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2016] [Accepted: 09/23/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) results in a devastating brain disorder with high mortality and poor prognosis and effective therapeutic intervention for the disease remains a challenge at present. The present study investigated the neuroprotective effects of rapamycin on ICH-induced brain damage and the possible involvement of activated microglia. ICH was induced in rats by injection of type IV collagenase into striatum. Different dose of rapamycin was systemically administrated by intraperitoneal injection beginning at 1 h after ICH induction. Western blot analysis showed that ICH led to a long-lasting increase of phosphorylated mTOR and this hyperactivation of mTOR was reduced by systemic administration of rapamycin. Rapamycin treatment significantly improved the sensorimotor deficits induced by ICH, and attenuated ICH-induced brain edema formation as well as lesion volume. Nissl and Fluoro-Jade C staining demonstrated that administration with rapamycin remarkably decreased neuronal death surrounding the hematoma at 7 d after ICH insult. ELISA and real-time quantitative PCR demonstrated that rapamycin inhibited ICH-induced excessive expression of TNF-α and IL-1β in ipsilateral hemisphere. Furthermore, activation of microglia induced by ICH was significantly suppressed by rapamycin administration. These data indicated that treatment of rapamycin following ICH decreased the brain injuries and neuronal death at the peri-hematoma striatum, and increased neurological function, which associated with reduced the levels of proinflammatory cytokines and activated microglia. The results provide novel insight into the neuroprotective therapeutic strategy of rapamycin for ICH insult, which possibly involving the regulation of microglial activation.
Collapse
|
30
|
Jiang F, Liu A, Lai Y, Yu X, Li C, Han C, Zhang Y, Wang X, Wang Z, Bao S, Lv N, Jin M, Yang F, Fan Y, Jin T, Zhao W, Shan Z, Teng W. Change in serum TSH levels within the reference range was associated with variation of future blood pressure: a 5-year follow-up study. J Hum Hypertens 2016; 31:244-247. [PMID: 27557892 DOI: 10.1038/jhh.2016.59] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2015] [Revised: 07/12/2016] [Accepted: 07/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Controversy exists on the relationship between serum thyrotropin (TSH) and blood pressure, and only a few prospective studies are available up to now. The study aimed to investigate the association between serum TSH within the reference range and blood pressure through a 5-year follow-up study. A total of 623 subjects with normal TSH were followed up for 5 years, including the measurement of demographic data, blood pressure, height, weight and serum TSH. Finally, 531 subjects were included in this prospective study. Body mass index (BMI), prevalence of hypertension, and systolic and diastolic blood pressure were all higher at follow-up than at baseline. Adjusted for age, gender, smoking status, BMI and homoeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) at baseline, multiple linear regression analyses found no relationship between serum TSH at baseline and levels of blood pressure at follow-up, but the changes in serum TSH levels during follow-up was positively associated with the changes in systolic blood pressure (B=2.134, P<0.05), which became more significant in women but not significant in men. The change of systolic blood pressure in group of TSH increase >0.5 mIU l-1 was significantly higher than in group of TSH decrease >0.5 mIU l-1 within reference, after adjusting for age, gender, smoking status, BMI and HOMA-IR at baseline. This result became more significant in women, but no statistical significance was observed in men. Co-variation with serum TSH levels and blood pressure was observed during 5-year follow-up among people with normal TSH.
Collapse
|
31
|
Jin T, Wang YX, Fan K, Tao DB, Dong X, Shen JS. Differentiation-inducing effects of betamethasone on human glioma cell line U251. GENETICS AND MOLECULAR RESEARCH 2015. [PMID: 26214465 DOI: 10.4238/2015.july.14.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
We studied the differentiation-inducing effect of beta-methasone on human glioma cell line U251 cultured in vitro, and the underlying mechanism. U251 cells were divided into two groups: control group cells, cultured in Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's medium containing 10% fetal bovine serum; and medication group cells, treated with 15 μM betamethasone. Morphological cell changes were observed by inverted microscope, cell cycle changes were ascertained by flow cytometry, and vimentin expression was checked by immunocytochemistry. The expression levels of extracellular signal-regulated protein ki-nase (ERK), phosphorylated ERK (pERK), and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) were assessed by western blot. Compared with the control group, U251 cell processes increased significantly, but declined 96 h after betamethasone took effect. After 48 h, the percentage of S-phase cells decreased significantly (28.77 to 20.42%; P = 0.014); the percent-age of strongly positive vimentin cells decreased significantly (91 to 51%; P = 0.0092); and the ratio of expression of GFAP protein to the internal control β-actin increased significantly (0.24 to 0.53; P = 0.1). The level of ERK protein did not change significantly 48 and 96 h after the action of betamethasone, and the pERK/ERK ratios were 0.37 and 0.23, respectively, which were significantly reduced compared with the control group (P = 0.028 and 0.006). Betamethasone has a significant effect on the induction and differentiation of U251 cells, and its mechanism may be related to the inhibition of the abnormal activation of the ERK signal pathway.
Collapse
|
32
|
Tsukasaki Y, Komatsuzaki A, Mori Y, Ma Q, Yoshioka Y, Jin T. A short-wavelength infrared emitting multimodal probe for non-invasive visualization of phagocyte cell migration in living mice. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 50:14356-9. [PMID: 25296382 DOI: 10.1039/c4cc06542e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
For the non-invasive visualization of cell migration in deep tissues, we synthesized a short-wavelength infrared (SWIR) emitting multimodal probe that contains PbS/CdS quantum dots, rhodamine 6G and iron oxide nanoparticles. This probe enables multimodal (SWIR fluorescence/magnetic resonance) imaging of phagocyte cell migration in living mice.
Collapse
|
33
|
Jin T, Chen XZ. P16 Prognostic value of ABO blood group in southern chinese patients with laryngeal cancer. Oral Oncol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2015.02.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
34
|
Xu JM, Weng MZ, Song FB, Chen JY, Zhang JY, Wu JY, Qin J, Jin T, Wang XL. Blockade of the CXCR6 signaling inhibits growth and invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma cells through inhibition of the VEGF expression. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2015; 27:553-61. [PMID: 25572735 DOI: 10.1177/039463201402700411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemokines have been shown to play a critical role in tumor development and progression. However, little is known about the function and molecular mechanisms of CXCR6 in multiple malignancies. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the role of CXCR6 in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The expression of CXCR6 was examined by immunohistochemical assay using a tissue microarray procedure. A loss-of-function experiment was performed to explore the effects of lentivirus-mediated CXCR6 shRNA (shCXCR6) on cell proliferation and invasive potential by MTT and Transwell assays in HCC cell line (SMMC-7721). It was found that the expression of CXCR6 protein was significantly increased in HCC tissues compared with that in adjacent non-cancerous tissues (ANCT) (63.04% vs 36.96%, P=0.019), and correlated with the lymph-vascular space invasion in HCC patients (P=0.038). Knockdown of CXCR6 repressed cell proliferation and invasion of HCC cells followed by the down-regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Taken together, our findings show that high expression of CXCR6 is positively associated with distant invasion of HCC patients, and blockade of CXCR6 signaling suppresses the growth and invasion of HCC cells through inhibition of the VEGF expression, suggesting that CXCR6 may represent a promising therapeutic target for the treatment of HCC.
Collapse
|
35
|
Wu S, Jin T, Cheng J, Zhou H, Cheng M. Air-Assisted Liquid Liquid-Microextraction for the Analysis of Fungicides from Environmental Water and Juice Samples. J Chromatogr Sci 2014; 53:1007-12. [DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmu136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
|
36
|
Ding L, Wu F, Lu Y, Li L, Jia Y, Jin T, Wu K. Adipose-Derived Stem Cells with the Control Release Vegf Polylactic Acid Fiber Catheters Gelatin Scaffold for Tissue Engineering. Ann Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdu358.34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
|
37
|
Zajitschek F, Jin T, Colchero F, Maklakov AA. Aging Differently: Diet- and Sex-Dependent Late-Life Mortality Patterns in Drosophila melanogaster. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2013; 69:666-74. [DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glt158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
|
38
|
Jin T, Watanabe K, Prayogi IA, Takita A, Mitatha S, Djamal M, Jia HZ, Hou WM, Fujii Y. High-speed impact test using an inertial mass and an optical interferometer. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2013; 84:075116. [PMID: 23902115 DOI: 10.1063/1.4816537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
A high-speed impact testing method for evaluating mechanical properties of materials is proposed using an inertial mass and a dual beat-frequencies laser Doppler interferometer (DB-LDI). In this method, an inertial mass levitated using an aerostatic linear bearing is made to collide with the material being tested at a high initial velocity. During the collision, the velocity of the mass, which is even higher than the critical velocity (±0.56 m/s) defined by the frequency difference of the Zeeman laser, is accurately measured using the DB-LDI. The position, acceleration, and impact force of the mass are calculated from the measured velocity. Using the proposed method, the mechanical properties of a visco-elastic material under a high-speed impact loading condition can be accurately evaluated.
Collapse
|
39
|
Jin T, Almehed K, Carlsten H, Forsblad-d’Elia H. AB0219 Association between elevated serum levels of soluble e-cadherin and renal dysfunction in female patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Ann Rheum Dis 2013. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2012-eular.219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
|
40
|
Jin T, Gurtler JB. Inactivation of salmonella on tomato stem scars by edible chitosan and organic Acid coatings. J Food Prot 2012; 75:1368-72. [PMID: 22856559 DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-12-054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
This study was conducted to investigate the efficacy of antimicrobial coatings for inactivation of Salmonella on the surface of tomato stem scars. Scars were inoculated with a four-strain cocktail of Salmonella (serovars Montevideo, Newport, Saintpaul, and Typhimurium) and coated with acid-chitosan solutions. The chitosan coating with three acids (3A plus chitosan), the chitosan coating with one acid, and the three-acid solution without chitosan reduced the populations of Salmonella by 6.0, 3.6, and 5.3 log CFU per stem scar, respectively. Addition of allyl isothiocyanate (10 μl/ml) to the 3A plus chitosan coating did not significantly increase (P > 0.05) the antimicrobial efficacy. Although the populations of Salmonella in the controls (ca. 7.5 log CFU per stem scar) did not change significantly throughout the 14-day storage period at 10° C, Salmonella cells were reduced to undetectable levels (< 0.7 log CFU per stem scar) in the samples treated with 3A plus chitosan coating after two days of storage, and no growth was observed for the remaining storage period. Results from this study demonstrate that coatings of acid plus chitosan provide an alternative antimicrobial intervention for decontamination of tomatoes.
Collapse
|
41
|
Tian JS, Han GM, Wei H, Jin T, Dargusch MS. Local structure of NiAl compounds investigated by extended X-ray absorption fine-structure spectroscopy. JOURNAL OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION 2012; 19:503-507. [PMID: 22713881 DOI: 10.1107/s0909049512015646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2012] [Accepted: 04/10/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The local structures of pure NiAl and Ti-, Co-doped NiAl compounds have been obtained utilizing extended X-ray absorption fine-structure (EXAFS) spectroscopy. The results provide experimental evidence that Ni antisite defects exist in the Ni-rich NiAl compounds. The site preference of Ti and Co has been confirmed. Ti occupies the Al sublattice, while Co occupies the Ni sublattice. The structure parameters obtained by EXAFS were consistent with the X-ray diffraction results. Owing to the precipitation of α-Cr, the local structure of NiAl-Cr has not been obtained, making the site preference of Cr unclear.
Collapse
|
42
|
Maharaj A, Zhu L, Huang F, Qiu H, Li H, Zhang CY, Jin T, Wang Q. Ectopic expression of glucagon receptor in skeletal muscles improves glucose homeostasis in a mouse model of diabetes. Diabetologia 2012; 55:1458-68. [PMID: 22318544 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-012-2464-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2011] [Accepted: 10/28/2011] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Excessive secretion of glucagon partially contributes to the development of diabetic hyperglycaemia. However, complete blocking of glucagon action will lead to adverse effects, since glucagon exerts certain beneficial effects via its receptor in many organs. We aimed to study the effects of a 'decoy receptor' for circulating glucagon on modulating beta cell function and glucose homeostasis in mice by over-producing the glucagon receptor (GCGR) in skeletal muscles. METHODS We generated transgenic mice in which the expression of Gcgr is driven by the muscle specific creatine kinase (Mck) promoter, and assessed the effects of glucagon on the modulation of glucose homeostasis under conditions of extremes of glucose influx or efflux. RESULTS Mck/Gcgr mice showed increased circulating levels of glucagon and insulin, resulting in an unchanged ratio of glucagon-to-insulin. The levels of hepatic glucose-6-phosphatase (G6PC) and fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase (F1,6P2ase) were significantly decreased, whereas the phosphorylation level of pancreatic cAMP-response-element-binding-protein (CREB) was significantly increased in these transgenic mice. Under basal conditions, the mice displayed normal blood glucose levels and unchanged glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity when compared with their age-matched wild-type (WT) littermates. However, following multiple low-dose streptozotocin injections, Mck/Gcgr mice exhibited a delay in the onset of hyperglycaemia compared with the WT controls. This was associated with preserved beta cell mass and beta cell secretory capacity in response to glucose challenge. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION We suggest that mild and chronic hyperglucagonaemia, through a strategy involving neutralising peripheral glucagon action, provides beneficial effects on beta cell function and glucose homeostasis. Mck/Gcgr mice thus represent a novel mouse model for studying the physiological effects of glucagon.
Collapse
|
43
|
Yang Y, Yu J, Sun X, Jin T, Guan H, Hu Z. Investigation of impact toughness of a Ni-based superalloy at elevated temperature. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.matdes.2011.11.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
|
44
|
Jin T, Zeng L, Lin YY, Lu YY, Liang GW. Characteristics of protein variants in trichlorphon-resistant Bactrocera dorsalis (Diptera; Tephritidae) larvae. GENETICS AND MOLECULAR RESEARCH 2012; 11:2608-19. [DOI: 10.4238/2012.july.10.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
|
45
|
Jin T, Almehed K, Carlsten H, Forsblad-d'Elia H. Decreased serum levels of TGF-β1 are associated with renal damage in female patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Lupus 2011; 21:310-8. [PMID: 22072025 DOI: 10.1177/0961203311425528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) has a large role in the control of autoimmunity. TGF-β1 production by lymphocytes is reduced in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Decreased levels of TGF-β1 might associate to disease susceptibility, activity and organ damage in SLE. However, the correlation between TGF-β1 levels and severity of renal damage in SLE has not been examined. METHODS The present study was undertaken to assess the serum levels of total and active TGF-β1 in 150 female patients with SLE and 31 healthy women. Simple and multiple regression analyses between TGF-β1 levels and the diseases-related variables were performed in patients with SLE. RESULTS Serum levels of both total and active TGF-β1 were significantly reduced in patients with SLE compared with levels in healthy controls (p < 0.01). Total TGF-β1 levels correlated positively with white blood cell, platelet counts, calculated glomerular filtration rate (GFR), and active TGF-β1 level, and inversely with erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR). In multiple regression analysis, ESR and platelet counts remained determinants of total TGF-β1. Total TGF-β1 levels were lower in patients with high disease activity (SLEDAI > 10) and severe organ damage (SLICC > 3). Significantly lower levels of total TGF-β1 were found in patients with severe renal damage, i.e. lower TGF-β1 in patients with 24-h urine protein over 3.5 g than in those with below 3.5 g (p < 0.05); lower TGF-β1 in patients with GFR less than 50 ml/min than in those with over 50 ml/min (p < 0.05). In contrast, active TGF-β1 only correlated with platelet counts. There was no association between renal damage and the levels of active TGF-β1. CONCLUSION This study demonstrates significantly reduced serum levels of both total and active TGF-β1 in women with SLE compared with healthy women. Total TGF-β1 levels are correlated negatively with ESR and positively with blood platelets. Total TGF-β1 levels were lower in SLE patients with high disease activity and severe organ damage. Importantly, the severity of the renal damage was associated with decreased serum levels of total TGF-β1, suggesting that TGF-β1 might be involved in pathogenesis of renal damage caused by lupus nephritis.
Collapse
|
46
|
Li L, Tam L, Liu L, Jin T, Ng DS. Wnt-signaling mediates the anti-adipogenic action of lysophosphatidic acid through cross talking with the Rho/Rho associated kinase (ROCK) pathway. Biochem Cell Biol 2011; 89:515-21. [PMID: 21999426 DOI: 10.1139/o11-048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is a bioactive phospholipid with a diverse range of biological activities including the modulation of adipogenesis. Treatment of 3T3-L1 cells and 3T3F44A cells with LPA inhibits adipogenesis and reduces expression of PPARγ through activation of RhoGTPase and its downstream Rho associated kinase (ROCK). The mechanism of suppression of PPARγ expression by Rho/ROCK is poorly understood. By treating the differentiating 3T3-L1 cells with various combinations of LPA and ROCK inhibitors, Y-27632 and fasudil, we observed that LPA treatment resulted in attenuation of adipogenesis and a significant reduction in PPARγ mRNA as early as 3 d post-induction. LPA treatment also resulted in significant but delayed upregulation of components of the canonical Wnt signaling, namely Wnt10b mRNA, β-catenin protein, and mRNA expression of β-catenin target genes, detectable at day 7, but not day 3. Treatment of the 3T3-L1 cells with ROCK inhibitors Y-27632 and fasudil revealed a tonic activation of β-catenin/target genes by ROCK. This study identified the existence of a novel cross talk between the Rho/ROCK pathway and the Wnt-signaling pathway. The LPA/Rho/ROCK pathway inhibits expression of PPARγ and adipogenesis in part through a delayed activation of the canonical Wnt-signaling pathway based on increased Wnt10b expression and β-catenin induction.
Collapse
|
47
|
Song D, Bandsma RHJ, Xiao C, Xi L, Shao W, Jin T, Lewis GF. Acute cannabinoid receptor type 1 (CB1R) modulation influences insulin sensitivity by an effect outside the central nervous system in mice. Diabetologia 2011; 54:1181-9. [PMID: 21340622 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-011-2082-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2010] [Accepted: 01/18/2011] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Modulation of central nervous system (CNS) and extra-CNS cannabinoid receptor type 1 (CB1R) affects metabolic conditions, independently of weight loss. Here we examined the relative contributions of acute CNS and extra-CNS CB1R modulation on insulin sensitivity using pharmacological gain- and loss-of-function of CB1R in mice. METHODS We assessed the effects of acute modulation of CB1R on insulin sensitivity and tissue glucose uptake by administering a CB1R agonist (HU210) and antagonist (AM251) (vs vehicle) i.v. in wild-type mice. In addition, we administered a CB1R agonist (vs vehicle) systemically (i.v.) to Cb1r (also known as Cnr1) knockout (Cb1r (-/-)) mice or intracerebroventricularly (i.c.v.) in wild-type mice to elucidate the peripheral vs CNS-mediated regulatory effect of CB1R on insulin sensitivity. RESULTS HU210 induced significant insulin resistance in wild-type mice with a reduction of whole-body glucose disappearance rate and muscle Akt phosphorylation, as well as of glucose uptake by skeletal muscle, but not by adipose tissue, changes that were prevented by pretreatment with AM251. HU210 did not affect insulin sensitivity in Cb1r (-/-) mice, suggesting that the observed effects were mediated through CB1R. HU210 administered i.c.v. did not induce insulin resistance, suggesting that acute stimulation of CNS CB1R was not required for this effect. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION Skeletal muscle insulin sensitivity is affected by acute CB1R modulation. These changes are mediated by extra-CNS CB1R, probably by the receptors in skeletal muscle tissue.
Collapse
|
48
|
Yu Z, Shao W, Chiang Y, Foltz W, Zhang Z, Ling W, Fantus IG, Jin T. Oltipraz upregulates the nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 [corrected](NRF2) antioxidant system and prevents insulin resistance and obesity induced by a high-fat diet in C57BL/6J mice. Diabetologia 2011; 54:922-34. [PMID: 21161163 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-010-2001-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2010] [Accepted: 11/03/2010] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS We investigated whether oltipraz, a nuclear respiratory factor 2 alpha subunit (NRF2) activator, improves insulin sensitivity and prevents the development of obesity in mice. METHODS C57BL/6J mice were fed with a low-fat diet (10% of energy as fat), a high-fat diet (HFD) (45% of energy as fat) or a HFD with oltipraz for 28 weeks. The effects of oltipraz on body weight, fat content, glucose disposal, insulin signalling, metabolic profiles and endogenous NRF2 functional status in the three groups of mice were investigated. RESULTS Oltipraz prevented or significantly attenuated the effect of HFD on glucose disposal, body weight and fat gain. Impairment of protein kinase B/Akt phosphorylation in this HFD-fed mouse model in response to intraperitoneal insulin injection was observed in adipose tissue, but not in the muscles, accompanied by inhibition of AMP-activated protein kinase signalling and activation of p70S6 kinase, as well as reduced GLUT4 content. These defects were attenuated by oltipraz administration. Nuclear content of NRF2 in adipose tissue was reduced by HFD feeding, associated with increased Keap1 mRNA expression and reduced production of haem oxygenase-1 and superoxide dismutase, increased protein oxidation, decreased plasma reduced:oxidised glutathione ratio and the appearance of macrophage marker F4/80. These defects were also restored by oltipraz. Finally, oltipraz attenuated HFD-induced inducible nitric oxide synthase overproduction. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION Impairment of the endogenous redox system is important in the development of obesity and insulin resistance in chronic HFD feeding. NRF2 activation represents a potential novel approach in the treatment and prevention of obesity and diabetes.
Collapse
|
49
|
Wu G, Ju L, Jin T, Chen L, Shao L, Wang Y, Liu B. Local delivery of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 increases axonal regeneration and the expression of tau protein after facial nerve injury. J Int Med Res 2011; 38:1682-8. [PMID: 21309482 DOI: 10.1177/147323001003800513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This study explored the function and possible mechanism of bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) in the healing of injured peripheral nerves in vivo. Rabbit facial nerves were injured by clamping and then treated with recombinant human BMP-2 (rhBMP-2) or phosphate-buffered saline (control) by injecting once during surgery and twice a day post-injury for 7 days. Facial nerve fragments within 5 mm of the clamping point were examined at different times post-surgery. Axon structures visualized by Bielschowsky staining were similar in experimental and control nerves 2 and 6 weeks post-injury. At 4 weeks post-injury, cross-section images of facial nerves showed that axons treated with rhBMP-2 were denser and thicker, and levels of tau protein were increased. It is concluded from these data that rhBMP-2 may affect injured facial nerve regeneration by inducing more neurons to return to embryonic patterns of tau gene expression.
Collapse
|
50
|
Jin T, Gurtler JB. Inactivation of Salmonella in liquid egg albumen by antimicrobial bottle coatings infused with allyl isothiocyanate, nisin and zinc oxide nanoparticles. J Appl Microbiol 2011; 110:704-12. [PMID: 21205106 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2011.04938.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To develop an antimicrobial bottle coating effective at inhibiting the growth of Salmonella in liquid egg albumen (egg white) and reduce the risk of human Salmonellosis. METHODS AND RESULTS Four-ounce glass jars were coated with a mixture of polylactic acid (PLA) polymer and antimicrobial compounds containing 100-500 μl allyl isothiocyanate (AIT), 250 mg nisin, 250 mg zinc oxide nanoparticles per jar or their combinations. The coated jars contained 100 ml of liquid egg white (LEW) inoculated with a three-strain Salmonella enterica ssp. enterica cocktail at populations of 10(3) or 10(7) CFU ml(-1) and stored at 10°C for 28 days. The PLA coating with 500 μl AIT completely inactivated 3 and 7 log CFU ml(-1) of Salmonella after 7 and 21 days of storage, respectively. The PLA coating with 200 μl AIT in combination with 250 mg nisin reduced Salmonella populations to an undetectable level (<10 CFU ml(-1) ) after 21 days of storage. CONCLUSIONS PLA coatings containing AIT alone or in combination with nisin effectively inactivated salmonellae in LEW. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY This study demonstrated the commercial potential of applying the antimicrobial bottle coating method to liquid eggs and possibly other fluid food products.
Collapse
|