Changes in self estimates of psychological attributes as a function of the direction of discrepancies between initial estimates and reported test scores

Estimates of amounts of aptitude, interest and personality possessed by the rater were collected from 75 males requesting vocational and educational guidance before and immediately after the interpretation to the counselees of paper-and-pencil psychological tests presumably measuring the estimate attributed. Estimates of the attributes were significantly closer to the test scores following feedback. The discrepancies between test scores and the estimates of attributes after feedback were significantly smaller for those Ss whose estimates before counseling were underestimates of the test scores than for those overestimating. Such differences between the under- and overestimators were most marked for estimates of ability, second for interest, but not significant for temperament.

A half-molecule GK plasmacytoma

A 76-year-old man had a 2-year history and evidence of extensive plasmacytoma throughout his lymph nodes, liver and spleen but no certain bone involvement. This was associated with the production of a half-molecule of γGK-globulin, molecular weight 75,000 which in the urine gave unusual results to testing. Half-molecules are considered in relation to current theories of immunoglobulin synthesis.

Availability of food iron

Iron has been extracted from 25 common foods under conditions resembling those prevailing in the stomach under physiological conditions. In most cases less than half the iron in the foods is released into solution. The soluble iron is mainly in ionizable form, except in the case of meat products and black pudding. The amount of food iron released is influenced by cooking and the presence of iron-binding substances in some foods. The total dietary iron probably does not represent the amount available for absorption.

Falsification of the Guilford-Zimmerman temperament survey. II. Making a poor impression

The Guilford-Zimmerman Temperament Survey was administered to 100 college students, with half of the Ss following normal instructions and the other half instructed to make a poor impression. A cross-validation study was performed on an additional 64 Ss. Scores for the “Fake Bad” group were lowest on scales of Lack of Emotionality, Objectivity, and Personal Relations. None of the items in a derived “Fake Bad” scale appear on previously developed “Fake Good” scales but appear frequently on a previously derived Careless-Deviancy Scale consisting of rare responses. The “Fake Bad” scale separates on cross-validation Ss instructed to make a poor impression from those to whom the test was administered under standard instructions.