626
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Waki S, Nakane K, Nakamura N, Zhu M, Dai Z, Chen L, Tanabe K. A DNA hybridization assay for use in drug sensitivity tests in vitro for Plasmodium falciparum under field conditions. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 1992; 86:227-8. [PMID: 1412636 DOI: 10.1016/0035-9203(92)90283-i] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
A deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) hybridization technique was applied to in vitro drug sensitivity testing of P. falciparum using a synthetic 21-mer oligonucleotide coupled to alkaline phosphatase (PFR1-AP) to monitor development of parasite stages in culture. The density of the coloured spot clearly distinguished schizonts from ring forms. This assay system was applied in the field on Hainan Island, China. Blood samples obtained from patients were cultivated in the presence of antimalarial drugs and the minimum drug concentration required to inhibit development of parasites was determined by the DNA hybridization assay and by microscopical observation of Giemsa-stained blood smears. The 2 methods yielded identical results, indicating that the DNA hybridization assay can be used for in vitro drug sensitivity testing under field conditions.
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627
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Abstract
A simplified technique has been developed to separate albumin from the plasma of a patient undergoing treatment with plasma exchange. This albumin can be returned to the patient to maintain colloid osmotic pressure without risk of transmitting disease. Patient plasma is obtained by apheresis. It is heated at 70 degrees C for 60 minutes to denature and remove autoantibodies, immune complexes, and abnormal globulins. The resulting low-concentration albumin solution (LCAS) retains its natural properties. Immunologic analysis by gel diffusion shows a reaction pattern of complete identity with that of human serum albumin. The albumin in LCAS is more than 90 percent of the remaining protein, as determined by scan of a cellulose acetate electrophoresis pattern. More than 97 percent of the albumin is in monomer form, as judged by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. No patient antibodies to neonantigens in the heat-treated albumin can be identified by double radial immunodiffusion. More than 80 percent of the plasma albumin is recovered in LCAS. LCAS is safe and efficient for use in plasma exchange.
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628
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Lega L, Vierucci A, Blumberg BS, Saracco G, Rizzetto M, Zhu M, Feitelson MA. Hepatitis B x antigen and polymerase antibodies in the serum of hepatitis B carriers with or without hepatitis delta virus infection. Effects of interferon treatment. J Hepatol 1992; 14:286-93. [PMID: 1500693 DOI: 10.1016/0168-8278(92)90172-l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Previous work has shown that the hepatitis B x antigen (HBxAg) and antibodies directed against the polymerase of hepatitis B virus (anti-pol) are early markers of hepatitis B virus (HBV) replication in natural infections. The present study was carried out to test the hypothesis that the appearance of one or both of these markers signaled reactivation in chronic carriers with liver disease who were treated with alpha-interferon (IFN). The results show that HBV DNA decreased among the patients who responded to therapy, and that among these responders, neither HBxAg nor anti-pol became detectable in serum for 12 months after treatment, in contrast to controls. Hence, the loss of HBxAg and anti-pol correlate with decreased levels of HBV DNA in response to IFN therapy. However, different patterns of HBxAg and anti-pol were observed among alpha-IFN-treated HBV carrier patients who were also chronically infected with the hepatitis delta virus (HDV). The treatment of such patients often resulted in the loss of HDV RNA from serum and delta antigen from liver. Most of these patients had increased levels of HBV DNA in serum. HBxAg and/or anti-pol also became detectable in patients who lost markers of HDV, implying that the suppression of HDV by IFN is accompanied by the appearance of early markers of HBV reactivation in some of the treated patients.
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629
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Chiou GC, Stolowich NJ, Zheng YQ, Shen ZF, Zhu M, Min ZD. Effects of some natural products on sugar cataract studied with nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. JOURNAL OF OCULAR PHARMACOLOGY 1992; 8:115-20. [PMID: 1506753 DOI: 10.1089/jop.1992.8.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Four commercial anticataract drugs and five flavonoids isolated from Chinese herbs were studied on their effects to inhibit sugar cataract formation in vitro using 13C-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS). Pa-Wei-Di-Huan-Wan (PWDHW) and Zhang-Yan-Ming (ZYM) were effective in inhibiting sorbitol formation, whereas Bai-Nei-Ting (BNT) and Pearl Min-Mu-Ye (Pearl MMY) were ineffective in inhibiting sorbitol formation. Among five flavonoids tested, four were moderately effective in inhibiting sorbitol formation, and one was totally ineffective up to 1 x 10(-4)M used.
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630
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Zhu M. [Influence of dietary selenium level on immune function of rats with esophageal tumors induced by methylbenzylnitrosamine (NMBzA)]. ZHONGHUA ZHONG LIU ZA ZHI [CHINESE JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY] 1992; 14:42-4. [PMID: 1396046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The influence of dietary selenium of the incidence of esophageal tumor induced by NMBzA and the immune function during carcinogenesis were studied in rats fed with Torula yeast diet and survived for 18 weeks. The incidences of esophageal tumors were statistically not significant among rats on normal, high and low selenium intake (P greater than 0.05). The level of plaque forming cells (PFC), delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH), natural killer cell activity (NK) were significantly higher in the high selenium diet group than those of the low selenium diet group (P less than 0.05). The authors believe that the modulation of dietary selenium can alter the immune function of animals during carcinogenesis but the anticarcinogenic effect of selenium still needs further study.
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631
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Qi M, Zhu M, Li GB, Yang DZ. The formation of nanometre crystalline intermetallic compounds in the Ti-face-centred cubic metal (Ni, Cu and Al) binary system by mechanical alloying. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1992. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00730267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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632
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Piddock LJ, Zhu M. Mechanism of action of sparfloxacin against and mechanism of resistance in gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1991; 35:2423-7. [PMID: 1666499 PMCID: PMC245397 DOI: 10.1128/aac.35.11.2423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The inhibition of DNA synthesis by sparfloxacin; accumulation of sparfloxacin into members of the family Enterobacteriaceae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and staphylococci; induction of recA in Escherichia coli; and the optimum bactericidal concentration (OBC) were measured, and killing kinetics at the OBC were estimated. The OBC and maximum recA-inducing concentration in E. coli were both 1 microgram of sparfloxacin per ml. Accumulation was rapid; two- to threefold more sparfloxacin than ciprofloxacin accumulated in staphylococci and more sparfloxacin accumulated in staphylococci than in gram-negative bacteria. Laboratory mutants with decreased susceptibilities to quinolones alone or multiply resistant were selected from the Enterobacteriaceae and Staphylococcus aureus by using sparfloxacin.
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633
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Zhu M, Oates CW, Hall JL. Continuous high-flux monovelocity atomic beam based on a broadband laser-cooling technique. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 1991; 67:46-49. [PMID: 10044048 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.67.46] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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634
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Bolger CA, Zhu M, Rodriguez R, Wehr T. Performance of Uncoated and Coated Capillaries in Free Zone Electrophoresis and Isoelectric Focusing of Proteins. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1991. [DOI: 10.1080/01483919108049293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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635
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Zhu M. [A study on the methods for correcting the error in measurement of children blood pressure]. ZHONGHUA LIU XING BING XUE ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA LIUXINGBINGXUE ZAZHI 1990; 11:364-7. [PMID: 2276189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The blood pressures of a group of children was obtained with sphygmomanometer cuffs of varying widths. It was suggested that the cuff width can be effect for accuracy of blood pressure determination, then a correct formula of blood pressure determination using an inadequate cuffs was calculated. The efficacy and feasibility of the formula was tested in another two groups of children. The production of the formula made a possibility for practicing the proposal of American Heart Association in which the width of an adequate cuff was believed to be 40% of the circumference in middle arms. The formula was simple and convenient and should be used in childhood prophylactic medicine, healthy care especially in popularized measurement of children blood pressure and scientific cooperative investigation.
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636
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Wehr T, Zhu M, Rodriguez R, Burke D, Duncan K. High performance isoelectric focusing using capillary electrophoresis instrumentation. AMERICAN BIOTECHNOLOGY LABORATORY 1990; 8:22-9. [PMID: 1366711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/25/2023]
Abstract
High performance isoelectric focusing in capillaries provides rapid, high resolution separation of proteins based on their isoelectric points. Results can be obtained in a matter of minutes with little or no sample preparation. The technique requires the use of coated capillaries to reduce electroendosmosis so that stable, focused zones can be attained. Once focused, protein zones may be mobilized by the addition of salt to the catholyte or anolyte buffer. On-tube UV monitoring enables direct detection of sample components during mobilization with mass sensitivity equal to that of silver staining. The linear relationship between mobilization time and isoelectric point allows the technique to be used for estimation of protein pI. Demonstrated applications include separation of proteins in biological fluids with possible clinical applications, and characterization of biopharmaceutical proteins and monoclonal antibodies.
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637
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Zhu M. [SEM study of invasive characteristics of colorectal cancer]. ZHONGHUA YI XUE ZA ZHI 1990; 70:322-3, 22. [PMID: 2169981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
This paper reports the results of a study on the invasive characteristics of 22 colorectal cancer by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results showed that adenocarcinoma cells stretching polymorphic pseudopodia penetrated into peripheral tissue and adhered to or invaded the vessels, but most of the mucoid carcinoma cells migrated separately into the tissue clefts and invaded the vessels. The invasive mode had dominant differentiation in two typical cancer. The author believes that colorectal cancer possesses two invasive factors: ameboid movement and destroying tissues by lysozyme.
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638
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Yen JC, Bei ZY, Su DS, Zhu M. [Extraction-spectrophotometric determination of copper in tablets and injections of Chinese medicine]. ZHONGGUO ZHONG YAO ZA ZHI = ZHONGGUO ZHONGYAO ZAZHI = CHINA JOURNAL OF CHINESE MATERIA MEDICA 1989; 14:23-4, 62. [PMID: 2506890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Cu reacts with neo-cuproin and eosin Y to form a coloured associated complex. In chloroform its apparent E value is 6.83 X 10(4) 1 mol-1 cm-1 at lambda = 544 nm. We used this system to determine the contents of trace copper in some tablets and injections of Chinese medicine. This method is simple, highly sensitive and selective.
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639
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Cao ZL, Zhu M, Liu HX, Xiao ZM. [Effects of radix Rehmanniae and processed radix Rehmanniae on some immune functions in mice]. ZHONG YAO TONG BAO (BEIJING, CHINA : 1981) 1988; 13:22-4, 62-3. [PMID: 3267001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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640
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Li D, Zhu M, Yang XY, Wang ZY, Li L, Yang SY, Chu QM, Chen XN. [Absorption, distribution and excretion of gallanilide in rats and bioavailability in rabbits]. ZHONGGUO YAO LI XUE BAO = ACTA PHARMACOLOGICA SINICA 1988; 9:182-5. [PMID: 3188955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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641
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Zhu M, Weinbaum S, Jiji LM, Lemons DE. On the generalization of the Weinbaum-Jiji bioheat equation to microvessels of unequal size; the relation between the near field and local average tissue temperatures. J Biomech Eng 1988; 110:74-81. [PMID: 3347027 DOI: 10.1115/1.3108409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The extensive series of experiments reported in Lemons et al. [1] show that measureable local tissue temperature fluctuations are observed primarily in the vicinity of the 100-500 micron countercurrent vessels of the microcirculation and thus strongly support the basic hypothesis in the new bioheat equation of Weinbaum and Jiji [2] that these countercurrent microvessels are the principal determinants of local blood-tissue heat transfer. However, the detailed temperature profiles in the vicinity of these vessels indicate that large asymmetries in the local temperature field can result from the significant differences in size between the countercurrent artery and vein. Using the superposition techniques of Baish et al. [9], the paper first presents a solution to the classic problem of an unequal countercurrent heat exchanger with heat loss to the far field. This solution is then used to generalize the Weinbaum-Jiji bioheat equation and the conductivity tensor that appears in this equation to vessels of unequal size. An asymptotic analysis has also been developed to elucidate the relationship between the near field temperature of the artery-vein pair and the local average tissue temperature. This analysis is used to rigorously prove the closure approximation relating the local arterial-venous temperature difference and the mean tissue temperature gradient which had been derived in [2] using a more heuristic approach.
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642
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Zhu M, Yang D. Dislocation microstructures of martensites in a CuZnAl two-way shape memory alloy. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1988. [DOI: 10.1016/s0036-9748(88)80295-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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643
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Ji SQ, Zhu M, Wang YZ. Primary macroglobulinemia with myelofibrosis: report of a case. Chin Med J (Engl) 1987; 100:83-6. [PMID: 3109833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
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644
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Abstract
This article reports a new grafting technique--microskin grafting. These experiments were carried out in rabbits, and used a small amount of autograft minced into tiny pieces and then spread on a piece of homograft. The combined autograft plus homograft was then transplanted onto the wound of a rabbit. In 12 rabbits, the microskin grafts took well and covered the wound completely in 8 rabbits. The expansion ratios of the micrografts were from 7:1 to 15:1. The healing time of the wound was from 19 to 35 days. The operation failed in 4 rabbits because of the homograft moving. Histological sections revealed that microskin grafts orientated upwards can grow well and those orientated in a lateral or downward direction can grow too. This technique is an effective procedure for repairing extensive wounds with smaller donor sites.
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645
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Ertmer W, Blatt R, Hall JL, Zhu M. Laser manipulation of atomic beam velocities: Demonstration of stopped atoms and velocity reversal. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 1985; 54:996-999. [PMID: 10030902 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.54.996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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646
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Zhu M. [Diagnosis of rupture of Valsalva's sinus--report of 12 cases]. ZHONGHUA XIN XUE GUAN BING ZA ZHI 1984; 12:106-7. [PMID: 6489133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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647
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Zhu M. [Quality evaluation of Chinese traditional drug, "huang-lian", rhizoma Coptidis]. ZHONG YAO TONG BAO (BEIJING, CHINA : 1981) 1984; 9:63-4. [PMID: 6235941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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648
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Zhu M. [Agricultural production responsibility system and the work of family planning in the rural area]. REN KOU YAN JIU = RENKOU YANJIU 1982:27-31. [PMID: 12339502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
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