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Berrino E, Carradori S, Carta F, Melfi F, Gallorini M, Poli G, Tuccinardi T, Fernández-Bolaños JG, López Ó, Petzer JP, Petzer A, Guglielmi P, Secci D, Supuran CT. A Multitarget Approach against Neuroinflammation: Alkyl Substituted Coumarins as Inhibitors of Enzymes Involved in Neurodegeneration. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:2044. [PMID: 38136164 PMCID: PMC10740956 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12122044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative disorders (NDs) include a large range of diseases characterized by neural dysfunction with a multifactorial etiology. The most common NDs are Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease, in which cholinergic and dopaminergic systems are impaired, respectively. Despite different brain regions being affected, oxidative stress and inflammation were found to be common triggers in the pathogenesis and progression of both diseases. By taking advantage of a multi-target approach, in this work we explored alkyl substituted coumarins as neuroprotective agents, capable to reduce oxidative stress and inflammation by inhibiting enzymes involved in neurodegeneration, among which are Carbonic Anhydrases (CAs), Monoamine Oxidases (MAOs), and Cholinesterases (ChEs). The compounds were synthesized and profiled against the three targeted enzymes. The binding mode of the most promising compounds (7 and 9) within MAO-A and -B was analyzed through molecular modeling studies, providing and explanation for the different selectivities observed for the MAO isoforms. In vitro biological studies using LPS-stimulated rat astrocytes showed that some compounds were able to counteract the oxidative stress-induced neuroinflammation and hamper interleukin-6 secretion, confirming the success of this multitarget approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuela Berrino
- Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (E.B.); (P.G.); (D.S.)
- NEUROFARBA Department, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche e Nutraceutiche, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019 Florence, Italy; (F.C.); (C.T.S.)
| | - Simone Carradori
- Department of Pharmacy, ‘‘G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (F.M.); (M.G.)
| | - Fabrizio Carta
- NEUROFARBA Department, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche e Nutraceutiche, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019 Florence, Italy; (F.C.); (C.T.S.)
| | - Francesco Melfi
- Department of Pharmacy, ‘‘G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (F.M.); (M.G.)
| | - Marialucia Gallorini
- Department of Pharmacy, ‘‘G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (F.M.); (M.G.)
| | - Giulio Poli
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (G.P.); (T.T.)
| | - Tiziano Tuccinardi
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (G.P.); (T.T.)
| | - José G. Fernández-Bolaños
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Sevilla, Apartado 1203, 41012 Seville, Spain; (J.G.F.-B.); (Ó.L.)
| | - Óscar López
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Sevilla, Apartado 1203, 41012 Seville, Spain; (J.G.F.-B.); (Ó.L.)
| | - Jacobus P. Petzer
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy and Centre of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Sciences, North-West University, Potchefstroom 2531, South Africa; (J.P.P.); (A.P.)
| | - Anél Petzer
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy and Centre of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Sciences, North-West University, Potchefstroom 2531, South Africa; (J.P.P.); (A.P.)
| | - Paolo Guglielmi
- Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (E.B.); (P.G.); (D.S.)
| | - Daniela Secci
- Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (E.B.); (P.G.); (D.S.)
| | - Claudiu T. Supuran
- NEUROFARBA Department, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche e Nutraceutiche, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019 Florence, Italy; (F.C.); (C.T.S.)
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102
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Banerjee S, Smith IM, Hengen AC, Stroka KM. Methods for studying mammalian aquaporin biology. Biol Methods Protoc 2023; 8:bpad031. [PMID: 38046463 PMCID: PMC10689382 DOI: 10.1093/biomethods/bpad031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Aquaporins (AQPs), transmembrane water-conducting channels, have earned a great deal of scrutiny for their critical physiological roles in healthy and disease cell states, especially in the biomedical field. Numerous methods have been implemented to elucidate the involvement of AQP-mediated water transport and downstream signaling activation in eliciting whole cell, tissue, and organ functional responses. To modulate these responses, other methods have been employed to investigate AQP druggability. This review discusses standard in vitro, in vivo, and in silico methods for studying AQPs, especially for biomedical and mammalian cell biology applications. We also propose some new techniques and approaches for future AQP research to address current gaps in methodology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shohini Banerjee
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, MD 20742, United States
| | - Ian M Smith
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, MD 20742, United States
| | - Autumn C Hengen
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, MD 20742, United States
| | - Kimberly M Stroka
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, MD 20742, United States
- Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland, Baltimore MD 21201, United States
- Biophysics Program, University of Maryland, MD 20742, United States
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore MD 21201, United States
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103
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Zhao H, Huang M, Jiang L. Potential Roles and Future Perspectives of Chitinase 3-like 1 in Macrophage Polarization and the Development of Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16149. [PMID: 38003338 PMCID: PMC10671302 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Chitinase-3-like protein 1 (CHI3L1), a chitinase-like protein family member, is a secreted glycoprotein that mediates macrophage polarization, inflammation, apoptosis, angiogenesis, and carcinogenesis. Abnormal CHI3L1 expression has been associated with multiple metabolic and neurological disorders, including diabetes, atherosclerosis, and Alzheimer's disease. Aberrant CHI3L1 expression is also reportedly associated with tumor migration and metastasis, as well as contributions to immune escape, playing important roles in tumor progression. However, the physiological and pathophysiological roles of CHI3L1 in the development of metabolic and neurodegenerative diseases and cancer remain unclear. Understanding the polarization relationship between CHI3L1 and macrophages is crucial for disease progression. Recent research has uncovered the complex mechanisms of CHI3L1 in different diseases, highlighting its close association with macrophage functional polarization. In this article, we review recent findings regarding the various disease types and summarize the relationship between macrophages and CHI3L1. Furthermore, this article also provides a brief overview of the various mechanisms and inhibitors employed to inhibit CHI3L1 and disrupt its interaction with receptors. These endeavors highlight the pivotal roles of CHI3L1 and suggest therapeutic approaches targeting CHI3L1 in the development of metabolic diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, and cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mingdong Huang
- College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China;
| | - Longguang Jiang
- College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China;
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104
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Huang J, Zhang L, Yang R, Yao L, Gou J, Cao D, Pan Z, Li D, Pan Y, Zhang W. Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4A1 in the pathogenesis and treatment of cancers. Front Mol Biosci 2023; 10:1289650. [PMID: 38028556 PMCID: PMC10666758 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2023.1289650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Abnormal translate regulation is an important phenomenon in cancer initiation and progression. Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4A1 (eIF4A1) protein is an ATP-dependent Ribonucleic Acid (RNA) helicase, which is essential for translation and has bidirectional RNA unwinders function. In this review, we discuss the levels of expression, regulatory mechanisms and protein functions of eIF4A1 in different human tumors. eIF4A1 is often involved as a target of microRNAs or long non-coding RNAs during the epithelial-mesenchymal transition, associating with the proliferation and metastasis of tumor cells. eIF4A1 protein exhibits the promising biomarker for rapid diagnosis of pre-cancer lesions, histological phenotypes, clinical staging diagnosis and outcome prediction, which provides a novel strategy for precise medical care and target therapy for patients with tumors at the same time, relevant small molecule inhibitors have also been applied in clinical practice, providing reliable theoretical support and clinical basis for the development of this gene target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinghong Huang
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Clinical Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Rui Yang
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Lixia Yao
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Jinming Gou
- Troops of the People’s Liberation Army, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Dongdong Cao
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Zeming Pan
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Dongmei Li
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Yuanming Pan
- Cancer Research Center, Beijing Chest Hospital, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Shihezi People’s Hospital, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
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105
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Masci D, Naro C, Puxeddu M, Urbani A, Sette C, La Regina G, Silvestri R. Recent Advances in Drug Discovery for Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Treatment. Molecules 2023; 28:7513. [PMID: 38005235 PMCID: PMC10672974 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28227513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is one of the most heterogeneous and aggressive breast cancer subtypes with a high risk of death on recurrence. To date, TNBC is very difficult to treat due to the lack of an effective targeted therapy. However, recent advances in the molecular characterization of TNBC are encouraging the development of novel drugs and therapeutic combinations for its therapeutic management. In the present review, we will provide an overview of the currently available standard therapies and new emerging therapeutic strategies against TNBC, highlighting the promises that newly developed small molecules, repositioned drugs, and combination therapies have of improving treatment efficacy against these tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domiziana Masci
- Department of Basic Biotechnological Sciences, Intensivological and Perioperative Clinics, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Largo Francesco Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy; (D.M.); (A.U.)
| | - Chiara Naro
- Department of Neurosciences, Section of Human Anatomy, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Largo Francesco Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy; (C.N.); (C.S.)
- GSTeP-Organoids Research Core Facility, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Michela Puxeddu
- Laboratory Affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia—Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (M.P.); (G.L.R.)
| | - Andrea Urbani
- Department of Basic Biotechnological Sciences, Intensivological and Perioperative Clinics, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Largo Francesco Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy; (D.M.); (A.U.)
| | - Claudio Sette
- Department of Neurosciences, Section of Human Anatomy, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Largo Francesco Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy; (C.N.); (C.S.)
- GSTeP-Organoids Research Core Facility, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe La Regina
- Laboratory Affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia—Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (M.P.); (G.L.R.)
| | - Romano Silvestri
- Laboratory Affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia—Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (M.P.); (G.L.R.)
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106
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Wu Z, Ye L, Yuan N, Che Ajuyo NM, Xiao Z, Liu L, Chen Z, Pei Y, Min Y, Wang D. A Molecular Integrative Study on the Inhibitory Effects of WRR and ERW on Amyloid β Peptide (1-42) Polymerization and Cell Toxicity. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:4356. [PMID: 38006082 PMCID: PMC10674201 DOI: 10.3390/polym15224356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease and the main pathological characteristic of AD is the deposition of Aβ42 in the brain. Inhibition of Aβ42 polymerization is one of the important research directions. Due to the pathological complexity of Alzheimer's disease, studies on Aβ42 polymerization inhibitors have not made significant progress worldwide. Using an independently constructed structure database of oligopeptides, in this study, molecular docking, umbrella sampling analysis of free energy, ThT fluorescence detection of Aβ42 polymerization, transmission electron microscopy, and flow cytometry detection of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and apoptosis were performed to screen tripeptides and pentapeptides that inhibit polymerization. It was found that two tripeptides, i.e., WRR and ERW, bind stably to the core of Aβ42 polymerization in the molecular dynamics analysis, and they significantly inhibited the aggregation of Aβ42 and reduced their cell toxicity in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongyun Wu
- Laboratory of Biopharmaceuticals and Molecular Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Lianmeng Ye
- Laboratory of Biopharmaceuticals and Molecular Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Nan Yuan
- Laboratory of Biopharmaceuticals and Molecular Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Nuela Manka’a Che Ajuyo
- Laboratory of Biopharmaceuticals and Molecular Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Zhengpan Xiao
- Laboratory of Biopharmaceuticals and Molecular Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Liangwang Liu
- Laboratory of Biopharmaceuticals and Molecular Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Zuqian Chen
- Laboratory of Biopharmaceuticals and Molecular Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Yechun Pei
- Laboratory of Biopharmaceuticals and Molecular Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
- One Health Cooperative Innovation Center, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Yi Min
- Laboratory of Biopharmaceuticals and Molecular Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Dayong Wang
- Laboratory of Biopharmaceuticals and Molecular Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
- One Health Cooperative Innovation Center, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of the Ministry of Education of China, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
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107
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Dindi UMR, Sadiq SP, Al-Ghamdi S, Alrudian NA, Dayel SB, Abuderman AA, Shahid M, Ramesh T, Vilwanathan R. In-silico and in-vitro functional validation of imidazole derivatives as potential sirtuin inhibitor. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1282820. [PMID: 38020163 PMCID: PMC10662127 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1282820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Epigenetic enzymes can interact with a wide range of genes that actively participate in the progression or repression of a diseased condition, as they are involved in maintaining cellular homeostasis. Sirtuins are a family of Class III epigenetic modifying enzymes that regulate cellular processes by removing acetyl groups from proteins. They rely on NAD+ as a coenzyme in contrast to classical histone deacetylases (HDACs) (Class I, II, and IV) that depend on Zn+ for their activation, linking their function to cellular energy levels. There are seven mammalian sirtuin isoforms (Sirt1-7), each located in different subcellular compartments. Sirtuins have emerged as a promising target, given that inhibitors of natural and synthetic sources are highly warranted. Imidazole derivatives are often investigated as sirtuin regulators due to their ability to interact with the binding site and modulate their activity. Imidazole bestows many possible substitutions on its ring and neighboring atoms to design and synthesize derivatives with specific target selectivity and improved pharmacokinetic properties, optimizing drug development. Materials and methods Ligand preparation, protein preparation, molecular docking, molecular dynamics, density function theory (DFT) analysis, and absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) analysis were performed to understand the interacting potential and effective stability of the ligand with the protein. RT-PCR and Western blot analyses were performed to understand the impact of ligands on the gene and protein expression of Class III HDAC enzymes. Results and discussion We evaluated the sirtuin inhibition activity of our in-house compound comprised of imidazole derivatives by docking the molecules with the protein data bank. ADME properties of all the compounds used in the study were evaluated, and it was found that all fall within the favorable range of being a potential drug. The molecule with the highest docking score was analyzed using DFT, and the specific compound was used to treat the non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines A549 and NCI-H460. The gene and protein expression data support the in-silico finding that the compound Ethyl 2-[5-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-methyl-1-H-Imidazole-4-yl) acetate has an inhibitory effect on nuclear sirtuins. In conclusion, targeting sirtuins is an emerging strategy to combat carcinogenesis. In this study, we establish that Ethyl 2-[5-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-methyl-1-H-Imidazole-4-yl) acetate possesses a strong inhibitory effect on nuclear sirtuins in NSCLC cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uma Maheswara Rao Dindi
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Suhadha Parveen Sadiq
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sameer Al-Ghamdi
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Naif Abdurhman Alrudian
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Salman Bin Dayel
- Dermatology Unit, Internal Medicine Department, College of Medicine, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulwahab Ali Abuderman
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Shahid
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Thiyagarajan Ramesh
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ravikumar Vilwanathan
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India
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108
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Shalata W, Attal ZG, Shhadi R, Abu Salman A, Abu Jama A, Shalata S, Halumi K, Yakobson A. Tolerated Re-Challenge of Immunotherapy in a Patient with ICI Associated Myocarditis: A Case Report and Literature Review. Medicina (Kaunas) 2023; 59:1946. [PMID: 38003995 PMCID: PMC10673034 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59111946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Revised: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
Many different types of cancer can be treated with immunotherapy drugs called immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). These drugs have altered the landscape of cancer treatment options since they function by triggering a stronger immune response to malignancy. As expected, ICIs' modification of immune regulatory controls leads to a wide range of organ/gland-specific immune-related side effects. These adverse effects are uncommonly deadly and typically improve by discontinuing treatment or administering corticosteroid drugs. As a result of a number of factors-including a lack of specificity in the clinical presentation, the possibility of overlap with other cardiovascular and general medical illnesses, difficulties in diagnosis, and a general lack of awareness-the true incidence of ICI-associated myocarditis is likely underestimated. Currently, protocols for the surveillance, diagnosis, or treatment of this condition are unclear. Several questions remain unanswered, such as how to best screen for this rare toxin, what tests should be run on patients who are suspected of having it, how to treat myocarditis once it has developed, and who is at most risk. In this article, we provide a case study of ICI-associated myocarditis and explain its key characteristics and treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walid Shalata
- The Legacy Heritage Cancer Center & Larry Norton Institute, Soroka Medical Center, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - Zoé Gabrielle Attal
- Medical School for International Health, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - Rajeh Shhadi
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - Amjad Abu Salman
- Cardiology Division, Soroka Medical Center, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - Ashraf Abu Jama
- The Legacy Heritage Cancer Center & Larry Norton Institute, Soroka Medical Center, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - Sondos Shalata
- Nutrition Unit, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya 22000, Israel
| | - Kais Halumi
- The Legacy Heritage Cancer Center & Larry Norton Institute, Soroka Medical Center, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - Alexander Yakobson
- The Legacy Heritage Cancer Center & Larry Norton Institute, Soroka Medical Center, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel
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109
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Beljkas M, Ilic A, Cebzan A, Radovic B, Djokovic N, Ruzic D, Nikolic K, Oljacic S. Targeting Histone Deacetylases 6 in Dual-Target Therapy of Cancer. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2581. [PMID: 38004560 PMCID: PMC10674519 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15112581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are the major regulators of the balance of acetylation of histone and non-histone proteins. In contrast to other HDAC isoforms, HDAC6 is mainly involved in maintaining the acetylation balance of many non-histone proteins. Therefore, the overexpression of HDAC6 is associated with tumorigenesis, invasion, migration, survival, apoptosis and growth of various malignancies. As a result, HDAC6 is considered a promising target for cancer treatment. However, none of selective HDAC6 inhibitors are in clinical use, mainly because of the low efficacy and high concentrations used to show anticancer properties, which may lead to off-target effects. Therefore, HDAC6 inhibitors with dual-target capabilities represent a new trend in cancer treatment, aiming to overcome the above problems. In this review, we summarize the advances in tumor treatment with dual-target HDAC6 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Katarina Nikolic
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11221 Belgrade, Serbia; (M.B.); (A.I.); (A.C.); (B.R.); (N.D.); (D.R.)
| | - Slavica Oljacic
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11221 Belgrade, Serbia; (M.B.); (A.I.); (A.C.); (B.R.); (N.D.); (D.R.)
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110
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Lin Q, Qiu C, Li X, Sang S, McClements DJ, Chen L, Long J, Jiao A, Tian Y, Jin Z. The inhibitory mechanism of amylase inhibitors and research progress in nanoparticle-based inhibitors. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023; 63:12126-12135. [PMID: 35822304 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2098687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes is caused by persistently high blood sugar levels, which leads to metabolic dysregulation and an increase in the risk of chronic diseases such as diabetes and obesity. High levels of rapidly digestible starches within foods may contribute to high blood sugar levels. Amylase inhibitors can reduce amylase activity, thereby inhibiting starch hydrolysis, and reducing blood sugar levels. Currently, amylase inhibitors are usually chemically synthesized substances, which can have undesirable side effects on the human body. The development of amylase inhibitors from food-grade ingredients that can be incorporated into the human diet is therefore of great interest. Several classes of phytochemicals, including polyphenols and flavonoids, have been shown to inhibit amylase, including certain types of food-grade nanoparticles. In this review, we summarize the main functions and characteristics of amylases within the human body, as well as their interactions with amylase inhibitors. A strong focus is given to the utilization of nanoparticles as amylase inhibitors. The information covered in this article may be useful for the design of functional foods that can better control blood glucose levels, which may help reduce the risk of diabetes and other diet-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianzhu Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chao Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaojing Li
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shangyuan Sang
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | | | - Long Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jie Long
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Aiquan Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yaoqi Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhengyu Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION The therapeutic targeting of the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway (UPP) through inhibitors of the 20S proteasome core proteolytic activities has revolutionized the treatment of hematological malignancies and is paving the way for its extension to solid tumors. AREAS COVERED This review covers the progress made in the field of proteasome inhibitors, ranging from the first-generation bortezomib to the latest second-generation inhibitors such as carfilzomib and ixazomib as well as the proteasome inhibitors in clinical phase such as oprozomib and marizomib. The development of selective and potent proteasome inhibitors with improved pharmacological properties is described from the synthesis to their basic biological, and clinical validation. EXPERT OPINION Proteasome inhibitors have transformed the treatment landscape for hematological malignancies and hold great promise for cancer therapy. Combination therapies targeting multiple pathways, the development of novel inhibitors or 'hybrid-inhibitors,' and the optimization of treatment protocols are key areas for future exploration. The extension of proteasome inhibitors for the treatment of solid tumors, and their ability to pass the blood-brain barrier open new possibilities for treating central nervous system cancers. However, managing adverse effects, particularly those affecting the central nervous system, remains a critical consideration and a strategic 'working on' aspect for the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgia Gazzaroli
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Andrea Angeli
- Neurofarba Department, University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Arianna Giacomini
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Roberto Ronca
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
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Abstract
The 40-year desire to target the mutant Kirsten rat sarcoma (KRAS) gene (mKRAS) therapeutically is being realized with more and more broadly applicable and tumor-specific small-molecule inhibitors. Immunologically, mKRAS has equal desirability as a target. Tumor KRAS signaling plays a large role in shaping the immunosuppressive nature of the tumor microenvironment, especially in pancreatic cancer, leaving mKRAS inhibitors with potentially powerful immune modulatory capabilities that could be exploited in immunological-oncological combinations. mKRAS is itself an immunological antigen, a 'shared neoepitope' linked to the oncogenic process, validated biochemically and immunologically. Novel approaches in the clinic are taking advantage of the fact that mKRAS peptides are naturally processed and presented in tumors by the major histocompatibility complex (MHC).
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Affiliation(s)
- Noah C Cheng
- Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Supuran CT. Targeting carbonic anhydrases for the management of hypoxic metastatic tumors. Expert Opin Ther Pat 2023; 33:701-720. [PMID: 37545058 DOI: 10.1080/13543776.2023.2245971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Several isoforms of the metalloenzyme carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2.1.1) are connected with tumorigenesis. Hypoxic tumors overexpress CA IX and XII as a consequence of HIF activation cascade, being involved in pH regulation, metabolism, and metastases formation. Other isoforms (CA I, II, III, IV) were also reported to be present in some tumors. AREAS COVERED Some CA isoforms are biomarkers for disease progression or response to therapy. Inhibitors, antibodies, and other procedures for targeting these enzymes for the treatment of tumors/metastases are discussed. Sulfonamides and coumarins represent the most investigated classes of inhibitors, but carboxylates, selenium, and tellurium-containing inhibitors were also investigated. Hybrid drugs of CA inhibitors with other antitumor agents for multitargeted therapy were reported. EXPERT OPINION Targeting CAs present in solid or hematological tumors with selective, targeted inhibitors is a validated approach, which has been consolidated in the last years. A host of new preclinical data and several clinical trials of antibodies and small-molecule inhibitors are ongoing, which connected with the large number of new chemotypes/procedures discovered to be effective, may lead to a breakthrough in this therapeutic area. The scientific/patent literature has been searched for on PubMed, ScienceDirect, Espacenet, and PatentGuru, from 2018 to 2023.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudiu T Supuran
- Department of NEUROFARBA, Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Section, University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy
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114
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Kuznetsova MV, Tonoyan NM, Trubnikova EV, Zelensky DV, Svirepova KA, Adamyan LV, Trofimov DY, Sukhikh GT. Novel Approaches to Possible Targeted Therapies and Prophylaxis of Uterine Fibroids. Diseases 2023; 11:156. [PMID: 37987267 PMCID: PMC10660464 DOI: 10.3390/diseases11040156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Uterine leiomyomas are the most common benign tumors in women of childbearing age. They may lead to problems of conception or complications during the gestational period. The methods of treatment include surgical (myomectomy and hysterectomy, embolization of arteries) and therapeutic treatment (ulipristal acetate, leuprolide acetate, cetrorelix, goserelin, mifepristone). Both approaches are efficient but incompatible with pregnancy planning. Therefore, there is a call for medical practice to develop therapeutical means of preventing leiomyoma onset in patients planning on becoming pregnant. Based on the analysis of GWAS data on the search for mononucleotide polymorphisms associated with the risk of leiomyoma, in meta-transcriptomic and meta-methylomic studies, target proteins have been proposed. Prospective therapeutic treatments of leiomyoma may be based on chemical compounds, humanized recombinant antibodies, vaccines based on markers of the uterine leiomyoma cells that are absent in the adult organism, or DNA and RNA preparations. Three different nosological forms of the disease associated with driver mutations in the MED12, HMGA2, and FH genes should be considered when developing or prescribing drugs. For example, synthetic inhibitors and vaccines based on matrix metalloproteinases MMP11 and MMP16 are expected to be effective only for the prevention of the occurrence of MED12-dependent nodules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria V. Kuznetsova
- Kulakov National Medical Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (M.V.K.); (N.M.T.); (K.A.S.); (L.V.A.); (D.Y.T.); (G.T.S.)
| | - Narine M. Tonoyan
- Kulakov National Medical Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (M.V.K.); (N.M.T.); (K.A.S.); (L.V.A.); (D.Y.T.); (G.T.S.)
| | | | | | - Ksenia A. Svirepova
- Kulakov National Medical Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (M.V.K.); (N.M.T.); (K.A.S.); (L.V.A.); (D.Y.T.); (G.T.S.)
| | - Leila V. Adamyan
- Kulakov National Medical Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (M.V.K.); (N.M.T.); (K.A.S.); (L.V.A.); (D.Y.T.); (G.T.S.)
| | - Dmitry Y. Trofimov
- Kulakov National Medical Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (M.V.K.); (N.M.T.); (K.A.S.); (L.V.A.); (D.Y.T.); (G.T.S.)
| | - Gennady T. Sukhikh
- Kulakov National Medical Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (M.V.K.); (N.M.T.); (K.A.S.); (L.V.A.); (D.Y.T.); (G.T.S.)
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Guerrero P, Albarrán V, San Román M, González-Merino C, García de Quevedo C, Moreno J, Calvo JC, González G, Orejana I, Chamorro J, Martínez-Delfrade Í, Morón B, de Frutos B, Ferreiro MR. BRAF Inhibitors in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer and Mechanisms of Resistance: A Review of the Literature. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:5243. [PMID: 37958416 PMCID: PMC10649848 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15215243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) with mutated BRAF exhibits distinct biological and molecular features that set it apart from other subtypes of CRC. Current standard treatment for these tumors involves a combination of chemotherapy (CT) and VEGF inhibitors. Recently, targeted therapy against BRAF and immunotherapy (IT) for cases with microsatellite instability (MSI) have been integrated into clinical practice. While targeted therapy has shown promising results, resistance to treatment eventually develops in a significant portion of responsive patients. This article aims to review the available literature on mechanisms of resistance to BRAF inhibitors (BRAFis) and potential therapeutic strategies to overcome them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Guerrero
- Department of Medical Oncology, Ramon y Cajal University Hospital, 28034 Madrid, Spain; (V.A.); (M.S.R.); (C.G.-M.); (C.G.d.Q.); (J.M.); (J.C.C.); (G.G.); (I.O.); (J.C.); (Í.M.-D.); (B.M.); (B.d.F.); (M.R.F.)
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116
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Dahal S, Clayton K, Cabral T, Cheng R, Jahanshahi S, Ahmed C, Koirala A, Villasmil Ocando A, Malty R, Been T, Hernandez J, Mangos M, Shen D, Babu M, Calarco J, Chabot B, Attisano L, Houry WA, Cochrane A. On a path toward a broad-spectrum anti-viral: inhibition of HIV-1 and coronavirus replication by SR kinase inhibitor harmine. J Virol 2023; 97:e0039623. [PMID: 37706687 PMCID: PMC10617549 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00396-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE This study highlights the crucial role RNA processing plays in regulating viral gene expression and replication. By targeting SR kinases, we identified harmine as a potent inhibitor of HIV-1 as well as coronavirus (HCoV-229E and multiple SARS-CoV-2 variants) replication. Harmine inhibits HIV-1 protein expression and reduces accumulation of HIV-1 RNAs in both cell lines and primary CD4+ T cells. Harmine also suppresses coronavirus replication post-viral entry by preferentially reducing coronavirus sub-genomic RNA accumulation. By focusing on host factors rather than viral targets, our study offers a novel approach to combating viral infections that is effective against a range of unrelated viruses. Moreover, at doses required to inhibit virus replication, harmine had limited toxicity and minimal effect on the host transcriptome. These findings support the viability of targeting host cellular processes as a means of developing broad-spectrum anti-virals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subha Dahal
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kiera Clayton
- Department of Pathology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Tyler Cabral
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ran Cheng
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shahrzad Jahanshahi
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Choudhary Ahmed
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Amrit Koirala
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Dan L. Duncan Cancer Comprehensive Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | | | - Ramy Malty
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Research and Innovation Centre, Department of Biochemistry, University of Regina, Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Terek Been
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Javier Hernandez
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Maria Mangos
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - David Shen
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mohan Babu
- Research and Innovation Centre, Department of Biochemistry, University of Regina, Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - John Calarco
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Benoit Chabot
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | - Liliana Attisano
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Walid A. Houry
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Alan Cochrane
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Valencia C, Pérez-García F, Aguila L, Felmer R, Arias ME. Combined Exogenous Activation of Bovine Oocytes: Effects on Maturation-Promoting Factor, Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases, and Embryonic Competence. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15794. [PMID: 37958778 PMCID: PMC10649646 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242115794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Oocyte activation via dual inhibition of protein synthesis and phosphorylation has improved in vitro embryo production in different mammalian species. In this study, we evaluated the effects of the combination of cycloheximide (CHX), dimethyl amino purine (DMAP), and anisomycin (ANY) on the activation of bovine oocytes, particularly on dynamics of MPF and MAPKs, embryonic developmental potential, and quality. The results showed that the cleavage and blastocyst rates, as well as levels of CCNB1, CDK1, p-CDK1Thr161, and p-CDK1Thr14-Tyr15, were similar among groups; ANY and ANY + CHX reduced the expression of ERK1/2 compared to DMAP-combinations (p < 0.05), whereas ANY + DMAP, CHX + DMAP, and ANY + CHX + DMAP reduced p-ERK1/2 compared to ANY and ANY + CHX treatments (p < 0.05). The quality of blastocysts in terms of cell counts, their allocation, and the numbers of TUNEL-positive cells did not differ among groups. However, transcript levels of POU5F1 were higher in embryos derived from ANY + CHX + DMAP treatment compared to other groups, while expression levels of CDX2 did not show differences. In addition, the BCL2A1/BAX ratio of the ANY + CHX + DMAP treatment was significantly low compared to the ANY treatment (p < 0.05) and did not differ significantly from the other treatments. In conclusion, oocyte activation by dual inhibition of protein synthesis and phosphorylation induces MPF inactivation without degradation of CCNB1, while MAPK inactivation occurs differentially between these inhibitors. Thus, although the combined use of these inhibitors does not affect early developmental competence in vitro, it positively impacts the expression of transcripts associated with embryonic quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Valencia
- Laboratory of Reproduction, Centre of Reproductive Biotechnology (CEBIOR-BIOREN), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811322, Chile (L.A.); (R.F.)
| | - Felipe Pérez-García
- Laboratory of Reproduction, Centre of Reproductive Biotechnology (CEBIOR-BIOREN), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811322, Chile (L.A.); (R.F.)
| | - Luis Aguila
- Laboratory of Reproduction, Centre of Reproductive Biotechnology (CEBIOR-BIOREN), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811322, Chile (L.A.); (R.F.)
| | - Ricardo Felmer
- Laboratory of Reproduction, Centre of Reproductive Biotechnology (CEBIOR-BIOREN), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811322, Chile (L.A.); (R.F.)
- Department of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811322, Chile
| | - María Elena Arias
- Laboratory of Reproduction, Centre of Reproductive Biotechnology (CEBIOR-BIOREN), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811322, Chile (L.A.); (R.F.)
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811322, Chile
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Mishra S, Sahu A, Kaur A, Kaur M, Kumar J, Wal P. Recent Development in the Search for Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) Inhibitors based on the Indole Pharmacophore. Curr Top Med Chem 2023; 23:CTMC-EPUB-135771. [PMID: 37909440 DOI: 10.2174/0115680266264206231020111820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
The signal transduction and cell proliferation are regulated by the epidermal growth factor receptor. The proliferation of tumor cells, apoptosis, invasion, and angiogenesis is inhibited by the epidermal growth factor receptor. Thus, breast cancer, non-small cell lung cancer, cervical cancer, glioma, and bladder cancer can be treated by targeting the epidermal growth factor receptor. Although third-generation epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors are potent drugs, patients exhibit drug resistance after treatment. Thus, the search for new drugs is being continued. Among the different potent epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors, we have reviewed the indole-based inhibitors. We have discussed the structure-activity relationship of the compounds with the active sites of the epidermal growth factor receptor receptors, their synthesis, and molecular docking studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shweta Mishra
- SGT College of Pharmacy, SGT University, Gurugram, Haryana, 122505, India
| | - Adarsh Sahu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dr. Harisingh Gour University Sagar Madhya Pradesh, 470003, India
| | - Avneet Kaur
- SGT College of Pharmacy, SGT University, Gurugram, Haryana, 122505, India
| | | | - Jayendra Kumar
- SRM Modinagar College of Pharmacy, Delhi-NCR Campus, Ghaziabad, India
| | - Pranay Wal
- Pranveer singh Institite of Technology, Pharmacy, Kanpur, UP, India
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Jimenez-Bueno I, Garcia-Contreras R, Aranda-Herrera B, Sakagami H, Lopez-Ayuso CA, Nakajima H, Jurado CA, Nurrohman H. Cytotoxicity, Differentiation, and Biocompatibility of Root-End Filling: A Comprehensive Study. Biomimetics (Basel) 2023; 8:514. [PMID: 37999155 PMCID: PMC10669418 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics8070514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Assessing the biocompatibility of endodontic root-end filling materials through cell line responses is both essential and of utmost importance. This study aimed to the cytotoxicity of the type of cell death through apoptosis and autophagy, and odontoblast cell-like differentiation effects of MTA, zinc oxide-eugenol, and two experimental Portland cements modified with bismuth (Portland Bi) and barium (Portland Ba) on primary cell cultures. Material and methods: The cells corresponded to human periodontal ligament and gingival fibroblasts (HPLF, HGF), human pulp cells (HPC), and human squamous carcinoma cells from three different patients (HSC-2, -3, -4). The cements were inoculcated in different concentrations for cytotoxicity evaluation, DNA fragmentation in electrophoresis, apoptosis caspase activation, and autophagy antigen reaction, odontoblast-like cells were differentiated and tested for mineral deposition. The data were subject to a non-parametric test. Results: All cements caused a dose-dependent reduction in cell viability. Contact with zinc oxide-eugenol induced neither DNA fragmentation nor apoptotic caspase-3 activation and autophagy inhibitors (3-methyladenine, bafilomycin). Portland Bi accelerated significantly (p < 0.05) the differentiation of odontoblast-like cells. Within the limitation of this study, it was concluded that Portland cement with bismuth exhibits cytocompatibility and promotes odontoblast-like cell differentiation. This research contributes valuable insights into biocompatibility, suggesting its potential use in endodontic repair and biomimetic remineralization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignacio Jimenez-Bueno
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Autonomous University State of Mexico (UAEMex), Toluca 50130, State of Mexico, Mexico;
| | - Rene Garcia-Contreras
- Interdisciplinary Research Laboratory, Nanostructures and Biomaterials Area, National School of Higher Studies (ENES) Leon, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Leon 37684, Guanajuato, Mexico; (R.G.-C.); (C.A.L.-A.)
| | - Benjamin Aranda-Herrera
- Interdisciplinary Research Laboratory, Nanostructures and Biomaterials Area, National School of Higher Studies (ENES) Leon, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Leon 37684, Guanajuato, Mexico; (R.G.-C.); (C.A.L.-A.)
| | - Hiroshi Sakagami
- Meikai University Research Institute of Odontology (M-RIO), Meikai University School of Dentistry, Sakado 350-0283, Saitama, Japan;
| | - Christian Andrea Lopez-Ayuso
- Interdisciplinary Research Laboratory, Nanostructures and Biomaterials Area, National School of Higher Studies (ENES) Leon, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Leon 37684, Guanajuato, Mexico; (R.G.-C.); (C.A.L.-A.)
| | - Hiroshi Nakajima
- Division of Dental Biomaterials Science, Department of Restorative and Biomaterials Sciences, Meikai University School of Dentistry, Sakado 350-0283, Saitama, Japan
| | - Carlos A. Jurado
- Department of Prosthodontics, The University of Iowa College of Dentistry and Dental Clinics, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Hamid Nurrohman
- Department of Restorative Dentistry & Prosthodontics, University of Texas School of Dentistry, Houston, TX 77054, USA
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Roster CP, LaVigne D, Milanes JE, Knight E, Anderson HD, Pizarro S, Harding EM, Morris MT, Yan VC, Pham CD, Muller F, Kwain S, Rees KC, Dominy B, Whitehead DC, Uddin MN, Millward SW, Morris JC. Enolase Inhibitors as Early Lead Therapeutics against Trypanosoma brucei. Pathogens 2023; 12:1290. [PMID: 38003754 PMCID: PMC10675445 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12111290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Glucose metabolism is critical for the African trypanosome, Trypanosoma brucei, serving as the lone source of ATP production for the bloodstream form (BSF) parasite in the glucose-rich environment of the host blood. Recently, phosphonate inhibitors of human enolase (ENO), the enzyme responsible for the interconversion of 2-phosphoglycerate (2-PG) to phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) in glycolysis or PEP to 2-PG in gluconeogenesis, have been developed for the treatment of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). Here, we have tested these agents against T. brucei ENO (TbENO) and found the compounds to be potent enzyme inhibitors and trypanocides. For example, (1-hydroxy-2-oxopyrrolidin-3-yl) phosphonic acid (deoxy-SF2312) was a potent enzyme inhibitor (IC50 value of 0.60 ± 0.23 µM), while a six-membered ring-bearing phosphonate, (1-hydroxy-2-oxopiperidin-3-yl) phosphonic acid (HEX), was less potent (IC50 value of 2.1 ± 1.1 µM). An analog with a larger seven-membered ring, (1-hydroxy-2-oxoazepan-3-yl) phosphonic acid (HEPTA), was not active. Molecular docking simulations revealed that deoxy-SF2312 and HEX had binding affinities of -6.8 and -7.5 kcal/mol, respectively, while the larger HEPTA did not bind as well, with a binding of affinity of -4.8 kcal/mol. None of these compounds were toxic to BSF parasites; however, modification of enzyme-active phosphonates through the addition of pivaloyloxymethyl (POM) groups improved activity against T. brucei, with POM-modified (1,5-dihydroxy-2-oxopyrrolidin-3-yl) phosphonic acid (POMSF) and POMHEX having EC50 values of 0.45 ± 0.10 and 0.61 ± 0.08 µM, respectively. These findings suggest that HEX is a promising lead against T. brucei and that further development of prodrug HEX analogs is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colm P. Roster
- Eukaryotic Pathogens Innovation Center, Department of Genetics and Biochemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA; (C.P.R.); (D.L.); (J.E.M.); (E.K.); (H.D.A.); (S.P.); (E.M.H.); (M.T.M.)
| | - Danielle LaVigne
- Eukaryotic Pathogens Innovation Center, Department of Genetics and Biochemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA; (C.P.R.); (D.L.); (J.E.M.); (E.K.); (H.D.A.); (S.P.); (E.M.H.); (M.T.M.)
| | - Jillian E. Milanes
- Eukaryotic Pathogens Innovation Center, Department of Genetics and Biochemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA; (C.P.R.); (D.L.); (J.E.M.); (E.K.); (H.D.A.); (S.P.); (E.M.H.); (M.T.M.)
| | - Emily Knight
- Eukaryotic Pathogens Innovation Center, Department of Genetics and Biochemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA; (C.P.R.); (D.L.); (J.E.M.); (E.K.); (H.D.A.); (S.P.); (E.M.H.); (M.T.M.)
| | - Heidi D. Anderson
- Eukaryotic Pathogens Innovation Center, Department of Genetics and Biochemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA; (C.P.R.); (D.L.); (J.E.M.); (E.K.); (H.D.A.); (S.P.); (E.M.H.); (M.T.M.)
| | - Sabrina Pizarro
- Eukaryotic Pathogens Innovation Center, Department of Genetics and Biochemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA; (C.P.R.); (D.L.); (J.E.M.); (E.K.); (H.D.A.); (S.P.); (E.M.H.); (M.T.M.)
| | - Elijah M. Harding
- Eukaryotic Pathogens Innovation Center, Department of Genetics and Biochemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA; (C.P.R.); (D.L.); (J.E.M.); (E.K.); (H.D.A.); (S.P.); (E.M.H.); (M.T.M.)
| | - Meredith T. Morris
- Eukaryotic Pathogens Innovation Center, Department of Genetics and Biochemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA; (C.P.R.); (D.L.); (J.E.M.); (E.K.); (H.D.A.); (S.P.); (E.M.H.); (M.T.M.)
| | - Victoria C. Yan
- Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, UT MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (V.C.Y.); (C.-D.P.); (M.N.U.); (S.W.M.)
| | - Cong-Dat Pham
- Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, UT MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (V.C.Y.); (C.-D.P.); (M.N.U.); (S.W.M.)
| | - Florian Muller
- Sporos Bioventures, 3000 Bissonnet, Belmont Suite 5303, Houston, TX 77005, USA;
| | - Samuel Kwain
- Eukaryotic Pathogens Innovation Center, Department of Chemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA; (S.K.); (K.C.R.); (D.C.W.)
| | - Kerrick C. Rees
- Eukaryotic Pathogens Innovation Center, Department of Chemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA; (S.K.); (K.C.R.); (D.C.W.)
| | - Brian Dominy
- Department of Chemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA;
| | - Daniel C. Whitehead
- Eukaryotic Pathogens Innovation Center, Department of Chemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA; (S.K.); (K.C.R.); (D.C.W.)
| | - Md Nasir Uddin
- Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, UT MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (V.C.Y.); (C.-D.P.); (M.N.U.); (S.W.M.)
| | - Steven W. Millward
- Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, UT MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (V.C.Y.); (C.-D.P.); (M.N.U.); (S.W.M.)
| | - James C. Morris
- Eukaryotic Pathogens Innovation Center, Department of Genetics and Biochemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA; (C.P.R.); (D.L.); (J.E.M.); (E.K.); (H.D.A.); (S.P.); (E.M.H.); (M.T.M.)
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Shiryaev V, Klimochkin Y. Computer-aided Design of Wide-spectrum Coronavirus Helicase NSP13 Cage Inhibitors: A Molecular Modelling Approach. Curr Comput Aided Drug Des 2023:CAD-EPUB-135685. [PMID: 37921184 DOI: 10.2174/0115734099247900231016055626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The coronavirus helicase NSP13 plays a critical role in its life cycle. The found NSP13 inhibitors have been tested only in vitro but they definitely have the potential to become antiviral drugs. Thus, the search for NSP13 inhibitors is of great importance. OBJECTIVE The goal of the present work was to develop a general approach to the design of ligands of coronaviral NSP13 helicase and to propose on its basis potential inhibitors. METHODS The structure of the NSP13 protein was refined by molecular dynamics and the cavity, responsible for RNA binding, was chosen as the inhibitor binding site. The potential inhibitor structures were identified by molecular docking and their binding was verified by molecular dynamics simulation. RESULTS A number of potential NSP13 inhibitors were identified and the binding modes and probable mechanism of action of potential inhibitors was clarified. CONCLUSION Using the molecular dynamics and molecular docking techniques, we have refined the structure of the coronavirus NSP13 helicase, a number of potential inhibitors, containing cage fragment were proposed and their probable mechanism of action was clarified. The proposed approach is also suitable for the design of ligands interacting with other viral helicases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vadim Shiryaev
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Samara State Technical University, 443100, Samara, Russia
| | - Yuri Klimochkin
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Samara State Technical University, 443100, Samara, Russia
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Zhan Z, Mao H, Xue M, Han G, Zhou G, Zhang Y. Ratiometric fluorescence detection of the angiotensin-converting enzyme via single-excitation and double-emission biomass-derived carbon quantum dots. Methods Appl Fluoresc 2023; 12:015004. [PMID: 37827162 DOI: 10.1088/2050-6120/ad02dd] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Efficient and rapid detection of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) activity is important for preventing hypertension and the discovery of new angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI). In this work, a single-excitation and double-emission biomass-derived carbon quantum dots (CQDs) was prepared and applied for ratiometric fluorescence detection of ACE. Fresh banyan leaves were extracted with ethanol and acetone, and the extracted solution was used as the precursor to produce the carbon quantum dots (BL-CQDs) with single-excitation and double-emission properties. The synthesized BL-CQDs is about 1.7 nm, has a graphene-like structure, contains a variety of hydrophilic functional groups on the surface, and has good fluorescence properties. Its fluorescence intensity ratio (I677/I460) is linear with ACE activity in the range of 0.02-0.8 U l-1. The regression equation is△F=2.5371CACE-0.0311. The method was successfully applied to the determination of ACE activity in pig lung and human serum, and the inhibitory efficiency of the flavonoid extract and captopril tablets on ACE activity was also investigated, which can be applied to the screening of ACEI. The survival rate and fluorescence imaging of Bel-7404 cells under the condition of high concentration BL-CQDs showed BL-CQDs had low cytotoxicity and good biocompatibility. These results indicate that the BL-CQDs can be used as an excellent fluorescent probe, providing a new method for screening ACE activity and plant-derived ACEI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihua Zhan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Materials Chemistry of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Lingnan Normal University, Zhanjiang 524048, People's Republic of China
| | - Huihui Mao
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin 541004, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingyue Xue
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Materials Chemistry of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Lingnan Normal University, Zhanjiang 524048, People's Republic of China
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin 541004, People's Republic of China
| | - Guocheng Han
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin 541004, People's Republic of China
| | - Guohua Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Materials Chemistry of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Lingnan Normal University, Zhanjiang 524048, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Materials Chemistry of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Lingnan Normal University, Zhanjiang 524048, People's Republic of China
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Zhang J, Zhang L, Chen Y, Fang X, Li B, Mo C. The role of cGAS-STING signaling in pulmonary fibrosis and its therapeutic potential. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1273248. [PMID: 37965345 PMCID: PMC10642193 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1273248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis is a progressive and ultimately fatal lung disease, exhibiting the excessive production of extracellular matrix and aberrant activation of fibroblast. While Pirfenidone and Nintedanib are FDA-approved drugs that can slow down the progression of pulmonary fibrosis, they are unable to reverse the disease. Therefore, there is an urgent demand to develop more efficient therapeutic approaches for pulmonary fibrosis. The intracellular DNA sensor called cyclic guanosine monophosphate-adenosine monophosphate (cGAMP) synthase (cGAS) plays a crucial role in detecting DNA and generating cGAMP, a second messenger. Subsequently, cGAMP triggers the activation of stimulator of interferon genes (STING), initiating a signaling cascade that leads to the stimulation of type I interferons and other signaling molecules involved in immune responses. Recent studies have highlighted the involvement of aberrant activation of cGAS-STING contributes to fibrotic lung diseases. This review aims to provide a comprehensive summary of the current knowledge regarding the role of cGAS-STING pathway in pulmonary fibrosis. Moreover, we discuss the potential therapeutic implications of targeting the cGAS-STING pathway, including the utilization of inhibitors of cGAS and STING.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of MOE, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- School of Basic Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, China
| | - Lanlan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yutian Chen
- The Department of Endovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaobin Fang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology/Critical Care Medicine, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Bo Li
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chunheng Mo
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of MOE, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Martin-Vega A, Cobb MH. Navigating the ERK1/2 MAPK Cascade. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1555. [PMID: 37892237 PMCID: PMC10605237 DOI: 10.3390/biom13101555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The RAS-ERK pathway is a fundamental signaling cascade crucial for many biological processes including proliferation, cell cycle control, growth, and survival; common across all cell types. Notably, ERK1/2 are implicated in specific processes in a context-dependent manner as in stem cells and pancreatic β-cells. Alterations in the different components of this cascade result in dysregulation of the effector kinases ERK1/2 which communicate with hundreds of substrates. Aberrant activation of the pathway contributes to a range of disorders, including cancer. This review provides an overview of the structure, activation, regulation, and mutational frequency of the different tiers of the cascade; with a particular focus on ERK1/2. We highlight the importance of scaffold proteins that contribute to kinase localization and coordinate interaction dynamics of the kinases with substrates, activators, and inhibitors. Additionally, we explore innovative therapeutic approaches emphasizing promising avenues in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Martin-Vega
- Department of Pharmacology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, 6001 Forest Park Rd., Dallas, TX 75390, USA;
| | - Melanie H. Cobb
- Department of Pharmacology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, 6001 Forest Park Rd., Dallas, TX 75390, USA;
- Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, UT Southwestern Medical Center, 6001 Forest Park Rd., Dallas, TX 75390, USA
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125
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Lade D, Agazie YM. Targeting SHP2 with an Active Site Inhibitor Blocks Signaling and Breast Cancer Cell Phenotypes. ACS Bio Med Chem Au 2023; 3:418-428. [PMID: 37876496 PMCID: PMC10591299 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomedchemau.3c00024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
The Src homology phosphotyrosyl phosphatase 2 (SHP2) is an oncogenic protein for which targeted therapies are being sought. In line with this idea, we have previously reported the development of a specific active site inhibitor named CNBDA that showed effectivity in suppressing the transformation phenotypes of breast cancer cells. To improve efficacy, we introduced limited modifications to the parent compound and tested potency in vitro and under cell culture conditions. Of these modifications, removal of one of the butyric acid groups led to the production of a compound named CNBCA, which showed a 5.7-fold better potency against the SHP2 enzyme activity in vitro. In addition, CNBCA showed better selectivity to SHP2 than the control PTPs (SHP1 and PTP1B) as determined by the phosphatase assay. Furthermore, CNBCA binds and inhibits enzyme activity of full-length SHP2 in cellular contexts, downregulates SHP2 mediated signaling, and suppresses breast cancer cell phenotypes, including cell proliferation, colony formation, and mammosphere growth. These findings show that targeting SHP2 with CNBCA is effective against the cancerous properties of breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhanaji
M. Lade
- One Medical Center Drive, Department
of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, P.O. Box 9142, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, United States
| | - Yehenew M. Agazie
- One Medical Center Drive, Department
of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, P.O. Box 9142, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, United States
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126
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Gao M, Li Y, Cao P, Liu H, Chen J, Kang S. Exploring the therapeutic potential of targeting polycomb repressive complex 2 in lung cancer. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1216289. [PMID: 37909018 PMCID: PMC10613995 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1216289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The pathogenesis of lung cancer (LC) is a multifaceted process that is influenced by a variety of factors. Alongside genetic mutations and environmental influences, there is increasing evidence that epigenetic mechanisms play a significant role in the development and progression of LC. The Polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2), composed of EZH1/2, SUZ12, and EED, is an epigenetic silencer that controls the expression of target genes and is crucial for cell identity in multicellular organisms. Abnormal expression of PRC2 has been shown to contribute to the progression of LC through several pathways. Although targeted inhibition of EZH2 has demonstrated potential in delaying the progression of LC and improving chemotherapy sensitivity, the effectiveness of enzymatic inhibitors of PRC2 in LC is limited, and a more comprehensive understanding of PRC2's role is necessary. This paper reviews the core subunits of PRC2 and their interactions, and outlines the mechanisms of aberrant PRC2 expression in cancer and its role in tumor immunity. We also summarize the important role of PRC2 in regulating biological behaviors such as epithelial mesenchymal transition, invasive metastasis, apoptosis, cell cycle regulation, autophagy, and PRC2-mediated resistance to LC chemotherapeutic agents in LC cells. Lastly, we explored the latest breakthroughs in the research and evaluation of medications that target PRC2, as well as the latest findings from clinical studies investigating the efficacy of these drugs in the treatment of various human cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Gao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
- Inner Mongolia Medical University, First Clinical Medical College, Hohhot, China
| | - Yongwen Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Lung Cancer Metastasis and Tumor Microenvironment, Tianjin Lung Cancer Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Peijun Cao
- Department of Lung Cancer Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Hongyu Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Lung Cancer Metastasis and Tumor Microenvironment, Tianjin Lung Cancer Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Lung Cancer Metastasis and Tumor Microenvironment, Tianjin Lung Cancer Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Department of Lung Cancer Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Shirong Kang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
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Shu C, Gu MH, Zeng C, Shao WG, Li HY, Ma XH, Li MX, Cao YY, Zhang MJ, Zhao W, Zhao SL. Small-molecule exhibits anti-tumor activity by targeting the RNA m 6A reader IGF2BP3 in ovarian cancer. Am J Cancer Res 2023; 13:4888-4902. [PMID: 37970340 PMCID: PMC10636681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Based on its absence in normal tissues and its role in tumorigenesis and tumor progression, insulin-like growth factor 2 mRNA-binding protein 3 (IGF2BP3), a reader of N6-methyladenosine (M6A) on RNA, represents a putative valuable and specific target for some cancer therapy. In this study, we performed bioinformatic analysis and immunohistochemistry (IHC) to find that IGF2BP3 was highly expressed in tumor epithelial cells and fibroblasts of ovarian cancer (OC), and was associated with poor prognosis, metastasis, and chemosensitivity in OC patients. In particular, we discovered that knockdown IGF2BP3 expression inhibited the malignant phenotype of OC cell lines by decreasing the protein levels of c-MYC, VEGF, CDK2, CDK6, and STAT1. To explore the feasibility of IGF2BP3 as a therapeutic target for OC, a small molecular AE-848 was designed and screened by molecular operating environment (MOE), which not only could duplicate the above results of knockdown assay but also reduced the expression of c-MYC in M2 macrophages and tumor-associated macrophages and promoted the cytokine IFN-γ and TNF-α secretion. The pharmacodynamic models of two kinds of OC bearing animals were suggested that systemic therapy with AE-848 significantly inhibited tumor growth by reducing the expression of tumor-associated antigen (c-MYC/VEGF/Ki67/CDK2) and improving the anti-tumor effect of macrophages. These results suggest that AE-848 can inhibit the growth and progression of OC cells by disrupting the stability of the targeted mRNAs of IGF2BP3 and may be a targeted drug for OC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Shu
- General Clinical Research Center, Nanjing First Hospital, China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mao-Hong Gu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Cheng Zeng
- General Clinical Research Center, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wen-Gui Shao
- General Clinical Research Center, Nanjing First Hospital, China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hai-Yang Li
- General Clinical Research Center, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xin-Hua Ma
- General Clinical Research Center, Nanjing First Hospital, China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mu-Xing Li
- General Clinical Research Center, Nanjing First Hospital, China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Cao
- General Clinical Research Center, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Meng-Jie Zhang
- General Clinical Research Center, Nanjing First Hospital, China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Department of Pathology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shu-Li Zhao
- General Clinical Research Center, Nanjing First Hospital, China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- General Clinical Research Center, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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128
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O’Connor JJ, Ferraris D, Fehr AR. An Update on the Current State of SARS-CoV-2 Mac1 Inhibitors. Pathogens 2023; 12:1221. [PMID: 37887737 PMCID: PMC10610136 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12101221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-structural protein 3 (nsp3) from all coronaviruses (CoVs) contains a conserved macrodomain, known as Mac1, that has been proposed as a potential therapeutic target for CoVs due to its critical role in viral pathogenesis. Mac1 is an ADP-ribose binding protein and ADP-ribosylhydrolase that promotes replication and blocks IFN responses, though the precise mechanisms it uses to carry out these functions remain unknown. Over the past 3 years following the onset of COVID-19, several groups have used high-throughput screening with multiple assays and chemical modifications to create unique chemical inhibitors of the SARS-CoV-2 Mac1 protein. Here, we summarize the current efforts to identify selective and potent inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 Mac1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph J. O’Connor
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA;
| | - Dana Ferraris
- Department of Chemistry, McDaniel College, 2 College Hill, Westminster, MD 21157, USA;
| | - Anthony R. Fehr
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA;
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Al-Harthi S, Li H, Winkler A, Szczepski K, Deng J, Grembecka J, Cierpicki T, Jaremko Ł. MRG15 activates histone methyltransferase activity of ASH1L by recruiting it to the nucleosomes. Structure 2023; 31:1200-1207.e5. [PMID: 37527654 DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2023.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
ASH1L is a histone methyltransferase that regulates gene expression through methylation of histone H3 on lysine K36. While the catalytic SET domain of ASH1L has low intrinsic activity, several studies found that it can be vastly enhanced by the interaction with MRG15 protein and proposed allosteric mechanism of releasing its autoinhibited conformation. Here, we found that full-length MRG15, but not the MRG domain alone, can enhance the activity of the ASH1L SET domain. In addition, we showed that catalytic activity of MRG15-ASH1L depends on nucleosome binding mediated by MRG15 chromodomain. We found that in solution MRG15 binds to ASH1L, but has no impact on the conformation of the SET domain autoinhibitory loop or the S-adenosylmethionine cofactor binding site. Moreover, MRG15 binding did not impair the potency of small molecule inhibitors of ASH1L. These findings suggest that MRG15 functions as an adapter that enhances ASH1L catalytic activity by recruiting nucleosome substrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samah Al-Harthi
- Smart-Health Initiative (SHI) and Red Sea Research Center (RSRC), Bioscience Program, Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hao Li
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, 1150 West Medical Center Dr, MSRB I, Room 4510D, Ann Arbor, MI 48108, USA
| | - Alyssa Winkler
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, 1150 West Medical Center Dr, MSRB I, Room 4510D, Ann Arbor, MI 48108, USA
| | - Kacper Szczepski
- Smart-Health Initiative (SHI) and Red Sea Research Center (RSRC), Bioscience Program, Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jing Deng
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, 1150 West Medical Center Dr, MSRB I, Room 4510D, Ann Arbor, MI 48108, USA
| | - Jolanta Grembecka
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, 1150 West Medical Center Dr, MSRB I, Room 4510D, Ann Arbor, MI 48108, USA
| | - Tomasz Cierpicki
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, 1150 West Medical Center Dr, MSRB I, Room 4510D, Ann Arbor, MI 48108, USA.
| | - Łukasz Jaremko
- Smart-Health Initiative (SHI) and Red Sea Research Center (RSRC), Bioscience Program, Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia.
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Koide E, Mohardt ML, Doctor ZM, Yang A, Hao M, Donovan KA, Kuismi CC, Nelson AJ, Abell K, Aguiar M, Che J, Stokes MP, Zhang T, Aguirre AJ, Fischer ES, Gray NS, Jiang B, Nabet B. Development and Characterization of Selective FAK Inhibitors and PROTACs with In Vivo Activity. Chembiochem 2023; 24:e202300141. [PMID: 37088717 PMCID: PMC10590827 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202300141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) is an attractive drug target due to its overexpression in cancer. FAK functions as a non-receptor tyrosine kinase and scaffolding protein, coordinating several downstream signaling effectors and cellular processes. While drug discovery efforts have largely focused on targeting FAK kinase activity, FAK inhibitors have failed to show efficacy as single agents in clinical trials. Here, using structure-guided design, we report the development of a selective FAK inhibitor (BSJ-04-175) and degrader (BSJ-04-146) to evaluate the consequences and advantages of abolishing all FAK activity in cancer models. BSJ-04-146 achieves rapid and potent FAK degradation with high proteome-wide specificity in cancer cells and induces durable degradation in mice. Compared to kinase inhibition, targeted degradation of FAK exhibits pronounced improved activity on downstream signaling and cancer cell viability and migration. Together, BSJ-04-175 and BSJ-04-146 are valuable chemical tools to dissect the specific consequences of targeting FAK through small-molecule inhibition or degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eriko Koide
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mikaela L. Mohardt
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Zainab M. Doctor
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Annan Yang
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mingfeng Hao
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Katherine A. Donovan
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Jianwei Che
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Tinghu Zhang
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Chem-H and Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Andrew J. Aguirre
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Cancer Program, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Eric S. Fischer
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nathanael S. Gray
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Chem-H and Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Baishan Jiang
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Behnam Nabet
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
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Du X, Song J, Zhang Z, Liu J, Xu D. Inhibition of autophagy promotes sonodynamic therapy-induced apoptosis of pancreatic cancer cells. Folia Histochem Cytobiol 2023; 61:172-182. [PMID: 37787036 DOI: 10.5603/fhc.95262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Sonodynamic therapy (SDT), a promising non-invasive therapeutic modality, has attracted increasing attention in the treatment of pancreatic cancer (PC). At present, the role of autophagy in SDT of PC remains unclear. This study aims to explore the role of autophagy in SDT of PC and its effect on apoptosis of PC cells. MATERIAL AND METHODS PC cells (Capan-1 and BxPC-3) underwent incubation with 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) or/and ultrasound (US) exposure (control, 5-ALA, US, and SDT groups), followed by measurement of cell apoptosis and autophagy. Specifically, cell viability, apoptosis, and the expression of apoptosis-related proteins (cleaved Caspase-3, Bax, and Bcl-2) were measured using CCK-8 assay, flow cytometry, and western blot analysis, respectively. The mitochondrial morphology was observed with the transmission electron microscopy, accompanied by the detection of autophagosome marker (LC3) co-located with Mito and the protein expression of LC3II/I. Before SDT treatment, the autophagy inhibitor 3-MA and the apoptosis inhibitor z-VAD were respectively added to PC cell cultures to evaluate the effects of autophagy inhibition on apoptosis and apoptosis inhibition on autophagy in PC cells. RESULTS Compared with the control group, cell viability was inhibited and cell apoptosis and autophagy were enhanced in the SDT group, while cell viability, autophagy, and apoptosis in the 5-ALA and US groups were not significantly changed. Moreover, 3-MA treatment inhibited autophagy and accelerated apoptosis, whereas z-VAD treatment reduced apoptosis but did not affect autophagy in PC cells. CONCLUSIONS Autophagy was activated in SDT-treated PC cells, and inhibition of autophagy promoted cell apoptosis in PC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxue Du
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150081, P.R. China.
| | - Jiaming Song
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150081, P.R. China
| | - Ziwen Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150081, P.R. China
| | - Jia Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150081, P.R. China
| | - Dan Xu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150081, P.R. China
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Bertonha AF, Silva CCL, Shirakawa KT, Trindade DM, Dessen A. Penicillin-binding protein (PBP) inhibitor development: A 10-year chemical perspective. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2023; 248:1657-1670. [PMID: 38030964 PMCID: PMC10723023 DOI: 10.1177/15353702231208407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacterial cell wall formation is essential for cellular survival and morphogenesis. The peptidoglycan (PG), a heteropolymer that surrounds the bacterial membrane, is a key component of the cell wall, and its multistep biosynthetic process is an attractive antibacterial development target. Penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) are responsible for cross-linking PG stem peptides, and their central role in bacterial cell wall synthesis has made them the target of successful antibiotics, including β-lactams, that have been used worldwide for decades. Following the discovery of penicillin, several other compounds with antibiotic activity have been discovered and, since then, have saved millions of lives. However, since pathogens inevitably become resistant to antibiotics, the search for new active compounds is continuous. The present review highlights the ongoing development of inhibitors acting mainly in the transpeptidase domain of PBPs with potential therapeutic applications for the development of new antibiotic agents. Both the critical aspects of the strategy, design, and structure-activity relationships (SAR) are discussed, covering the main published articles over the last 10 years. Some of the molecules described display activities against main bacterial pathogens and could open avenues toward the development of new, efficient antibacterial drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariane F Bertonha
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory (LNBio), CNPEM, Campinas 13084-971, Brazil
| | - Caio C L Silva
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory (LNBio), CNPEM, Campinas 13084-971, Brazil
| | - Karina T Shirakawa
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory (LNBio), CNPEM, Campinas 13084-971, Brazil
- Departamento de Genética, Evolução, Microbiologia e Imunologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas 13083-862, Brazil
| | - Daniel M Trindade
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory (LNBio), CNPEM, Campinas 13084-971, Brazil
| | - Andréa Dessen
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory (LNBio), CNPEM, Campinas 13084-971, Brazil
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, Institut de Biologie Structurale (IBS), F-38044 Grenoble, France
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Peng Z, Chen L, Wang M, Yue X, Wei H, Xu F, Hou W, Li Y. SREBP inhibitors: an updated patent review for 2008-present. Expert Opin Ther Pat 2023; 33:669-680. [PMID: 38054657 DOI: 10.1080/13543776.2023.2291393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Sterol regulatory element-binding proteins (SREBPs) are a family of membrane-binding transcription factors that activate genes encoding enzymes required for cholesterol and unsaturated fatty acid synthesis. Overactivation of SREBP is related to the occurrence and development of diabetes, nonalcoholic fatty liver, tumor, and other diseases. In the past period, many SREBP inhibitors have been found. AREAS COVERED This manuscript is a patent review of SREBP inhibitors. We searched 2008 to date for all data from the US patent database (https://www.uspto.gov/) and the European patent database (https://www.epo.org/) with 'SREBP' and 'inhibitor' as keywords and analyzed the search results. EXPERT OPINION Both synthetic and natural SREBP inhibitors have been reported. Despite the lack of cocrystal structure of SREBP inhibitor, the mechanisms of several compounds have been clarified. Importantly, some SREBP inhibitors have been proved to have good activity in preclinical studies. As the characteristics of lipid metabolism reprogramming in cardio-cerebrovascular diseases and tumors are gradually revealed, more and more attention will be focused on SREBP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyu Peng
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Leyuan Chen
- Institute of Radiation Medicine, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Manjiang Wang
- Institute of Radiation Medicine, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Xufan Yue
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Huiqiang Wei
- Institute of Radiation Medicine, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Feifei Xu
- Institute of Radiation Medicine, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Wenbin Hou
- Institute of Radiation Medicine, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Yiliang Li
- Institute of Radiation Medicine, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin, China
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Ebenhoch R, Bauer M, Romig H, Gottschling D, Kley JT, Heine N, Weber A, Uphues I, Nar H, Pautsch A. Crystal structures of human and mouse ketohexokinase provide a structural basis for species- and isoform-selective inhibitor design. Acta Crystallogr D Struct Biol 2023; 79:871-880. [PMID: 37712434 DOI: 10.1107/s2059798323006137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
A molecular understanding of the proteins involved in fructose metabolism is essential for controlling the current spread of fructose-related obesity, diabetes and related adverse metabolic states in Western populations. Fructose catabolism starts with the phosphorylation of D-fructose to fructose 1-phosphate by ketohexokinase (KHK). KHK exists in two alternatively spliced isoforms: the hepatic and intestinal isoform KHK-C and the peripheral isoform KHK-A. Here, the structure of apo murine KHK (mKHK), which differs from structures of human KHK in overall conformation, is reported. An isoform-selective ligand, which offers a 50-fold higher potency on mKHK and human KHK-A compared with KHK-C, is further characterized. In mKHK, large-scale conformational changes are observed upon ligand binding. The structures suggest a combined strategy for the design of species- and isoform-selective KHK inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Ebenhoch
- Medicinal Chemistry, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Birkendorferstrasse 67, 88400 Biberach an der Riss, Germany
| | - Margit Bauer
- Medicinal Chemistry, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Birkendorferstrasse 67, 88400 Biberach an der Riss, Germany
| | - Helmut Romig
- Drug Discovery Sciences, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Birkendorferstrasse 67, 88400 Biberach an der Riss, Germany
| | - Dirk Gottschling
- Medicinal Chemistry, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Birkendorferstrasse 67, 88400 Biberach an der Riss, Germany
| | - Jörg Thomas Kley
- Medicinal Chemistry, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Birkendorferstrasse 67, 88400 Biberach an der Riss, Germany
| | - Niklas Heine
- Medicinal Chemistry, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Birkendorferstrasse 67, 88400 Biberach an der Riss, Germany
| | - Alexander Weber
- Medicinal Chemistry, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Birkendorferstrasse 67, 88400 Biberach an der Riss, Germany
| | - Ingo Uphues
- Cardiometabolic Disease Research, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Birkendorferstrasse 67, 88400 Biberach an der Riss, Germany
| | - Herbert Nar
- Medicinal Chemistry, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Birkendorferstrasse 67, 88400 Biberach an der Riss, Germany
| | - Alexander Pautsch
- Medicinal Chemistry, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Birkendorferstrasse 67, 88400 Biberach an der Riss, Germany
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Vlasiou M, Nicolaidou V, Papaneophytou C. Targeting Lactate Dehydrogenase-B as a Strategy to Fight Cancer: Identification of Potential Inhibitors by In Silico Analysis and In Vitro Screening. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2411. [PMID: 37896171 PMCID: PMC10609963 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15102411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) is an enzyme that catalyzes the reversible conversion of lactate to pyruvate while reducing NAD+ to NADH (or oxidizing NADH to NAD+). Due to its central role in the Warburg effect, LDH-A isoform has been considered a promising target for treating several types of cancer. However, research on inhibitors targeting LDH-B isoform is still limited, despite the enzyme's implication in the development of specific cancer types such as breast and lung cancer. This study aimed to identify small-molecule compounds that specifically inhibit LDH-B. Our in silico analysis identified eight commercially available compounds that may affect LDH-B activity. The best five candidates, namely tucatinib, capmatinib, moxidectin, rifampicin, and acetyldigoxin, were evaluated further in vitro. Our results revealed that two compounds, viz., tucatinib and capmatinib, currently used for treating breast and lung cancer, respectively, could also act as inhibitors of LDH-B. Both compounds inhibited LDH-B activity through an uncompetitive mechanism, as observed in in vitro experiments. Molecular dynamics studies further support these findings. Together, our results suggest that two known drugs currently being used to treat specific cancer types may have a dual effect and target more than one enzyme that facilitates the development of these types of cancers. Furthermore, the results of this study could be used as a new starting point for identifying more potent and specific LDH-B inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manos Vlasiou
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Nicosia School of Veterinary Medicine, 2414 Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Vicky Nicolaidou
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Life and Health Sciences, University of Nicosia, 2417 Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Christos Papaneophytou
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Life and Health Sciences, University of Nicosia, 2417 Nicosia, Cyprus
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Yang J, Zhang L, Qiao W, Luo Y. Mycobacterium tuberculosis: Pathogenesis and therapeutic targets. MedComm (Beijing) 2023; 4:e353. [PMID: 37674971 PMCID: PMC10477518 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant public health concern in the 21st century, especially due to drug resistance, coinfection with diseases like immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and coronavirus disease 2019, and the lengthy and costly treatment protocols. In this review, we summarize the pathogenesis of TB infection, therapeutic targets, and corresponding modulators, including first-line medications, current clinical trial drugs and molecules in preclinical assessment. Understanding the mechanisms of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection and important biological targets can lead to innovative treatments. While most antitubercular agents target pathogen-related processes, host-directed therapy (HDT) modalities addressing immune defense, survival mechanisms, and immunopathology also hold promise. Mtb's adaptation to the human host involves manipulating host cellular mechanisms, and HDT aims to disrupt this manipulation to enhance treatment effectiveness. Our review provides valuable insights for future anti-TB drug development efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxing Yang
- Center of Infectious Diseases and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Laiying Zhang
- Center of Infectious Diseases and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Wenliang Qiao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
- Lung Cancer Center, West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Youfu Luo
- Center of Infectious Diseases and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
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137
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Xerxa E, Bajorath J. Data sets of human and mouse protein kinase inhibitors with curated activity data including covalent inhibitors. Future Sci OA 2023; 9:FSO892. [PMID: 37752915 PMCID: PMC10518807 DOI: 10.2144/fsoa-2023-0088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim Generation of high-quality data sets of protein kinase inhibitors (PKIs). Methodology Publicly available PKIs with reliable activity data were curated. PKIs with very weak activity were classified as inactive. Analogue series and PKIs containing reactive groups (warheads) enabling covalent inhibition were systematically identified. Exemplary results & data A total of 155,579 human and 3057 mouse PKIs were obtained. Human PKIs were active 440 kinases and included 13,949 covalent PKIs. The collection of qualifying PKIs and corresponding inactive compounds is made available as an open access deposition. Limitations & next steps Potential limitations include activity data incompleteness and assay variance. The data set can be used to investigate PKIs with alternative modes of action and calibrate computational methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Xerxa
- Department of Life Science Informatics, B-IT, LIMES Program Unit Chemical Biology & Medicinal Chemistry, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität, Friedrich-Hirzebruch-Allee 5/6, D-53113 Bonn, Germany
| | - Jürgen Bajorath
- Department of Life Science Informatics, B-IT, LIMES Program Unit Chemical Biology & Medicinal Chemistry, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität, Friedrich-Hirzebruch-Allee 5/6, D-53113 Bonn, Germany
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138
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Güngör SA. Synthesis, in silico and in vitro studies of hydrazide-hydrazone imine derivatives as potential cholinesterase inhibitors. Chem Biol Drug Des 2023; 102:676-691. [PMID: 37258044 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.14274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
A series of hydrazide-hydrazone imine derivative compounds (3a-k) were synthesized and their structures characterized using FTIR, 1 H, and 13 C (NMR) spectroscopic methods. In addition, molecular structures of compounds 3a, 3d, and 3g were elucidated by X-ray diffraction technique. In vitro inhibition activities of hydrazide-hydrazone imine derivatives against acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) were investigated. Compound 3i (IC50 = 2.01 μM) exhibited the best inhibitory activity against AChE, comparable to the control Galantamine (IC50 = 2.60 μM). Against BChE, compound 3h (IC50 = 2.83 μM) showed the best inhibitory property which is higher control Galantamine (IC50 = 3.70 μM). The Ki values of compound 3i (Ki = 0.63 μM) and compound 3h (Ki = 0.94 μM) that have the strongest inhibitory potential were determined against AChE and BChE, respectively. According to the docking result, the most stable conformation of AChE and compound 3i showed that it has a binding affinity of -10.82 kcal/moL. The binding affinity of the most stable conformation formed by BChE and compound 3h is -8.60 kcal/moL. Finally, in silico results and pharmacokinetic parameters of ADME showed that these compounds have good oral bioavailability properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyit Ali Güngör
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kahramanmaras Sütcü Imam University, Kahramanmaras, Turkey
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Patathananone S, Pothiwan M, Uapipatanakul B, Kunu W. Inhibitory Effects of Vernonia amygdalina Leaf Extracts on Free Radical Scavenging, Tyrosinase, and Amylase Activities. Prev Nutr Food Sci 2023; 28:302-311. [PMID: 37842258 PMCID: PMC10567596 DOI: 10.3746/pnf.2023.28.3.302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Cytotoxicity and instability are the limitations when using bioactive compounds in cosmetic and pharmacology products. This study assesses Vernonia amygdalina leaf extracts for their antityrosinase, antiamylase, and antioxidant activities. Group A extracts were obtained using an aqueous solvent system [70% (v/v) of methanol (BTL70ME), ethanol (BTL70ET), and acetone (BTL70AC)]. Group B extracts were obtained using organic solvents of varying polarities. The results displayed that all extracts exhibited antityrosinase, antiamylase, and antioxidant activities in vitro. The most potent antityrosinase activity was observed in BTL70AC, with a half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) value of 20 μg/mL. BTL_Ethyl acetate and BTL70AC showed potential antiamylase activity. BTL_Isopropanol and BTL_Ethanol exhibited potential antioxidant activity, with IC50 values of 4.0 μg/mL. The total phenolic content of BTL70ME, BTL70ET, and BTL70AC was 72.29±14.14, 65.98±11.91, and 69.37±7.72 mg gallic acid/g extract, respectively. The total flavonoid content was 53.04±5.22, 44.35±13.17, and 61.74±13.17 mg quercetin/g extract, respectively. Group A extracts contained polyphenols, flavonoids, saponins, terpenoids, steroids, and cardiac glycosides. These biological properties can potentially be attributed to the types and quantities of phytochemicals present. Bioactive compounds in the extracts may exert synergistic effects in vitro by interfering with the conformational changes of tyrosinase during substrate binding. Both groups of extracts have the potential to suppress biomolecule degradation, promote antiaging and antimelasma effects, and their phytochemicals can help lower blood glucose levels in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Supawadee Patathananone
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Rajamangala University of Technology Thanyaburi, Pathum Thani 220, Thailand
| | - Mahinthorn Pothiwan
- Programme of Agricultural Business, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Rajabhat Maha Sarakham University, Maha Sarakham 44000, Thailand
| | - Boontida Uapipatanakul
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Rajamangala University of Technology Thanyaburi, Pathum Thani 220, Thailand
| | - Wuttisak Kunu
- Programme of Veterinary Technology and Veterinary Nursing, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Rajabhat Maha Sarakham University, Maha Sarakham 44000, Thailand
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140
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Horvath RM, Brumme ZL, Sadowski I. CDK8 inhibitors antagonize HIV-1 reactivation and promote provirus latency in T cells. J Virol 2023; 97:e0092323. [PMID: 37671866 PMCID: PMC10537590 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00923-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Latent HIV-1 provirus represents the barrier toward a cure for infection and is dependent upon the host RNA Polymerase (Pol) II machinery for reemergence. Here, we find that inhibitors of the RNA Pol II mediator kinases CDK8/19, Senexin A and BRD6989, inhibit induction of HIV-1 expression in response to latency-reversing agents and T cell signaling agonists. These inhibitors were found to impair recruitment of RNA Pol II to the HIV-1 LTR. Furthermore, HIV-1 expression in response to several latency reversal agents was impaired upon disruption of CDK8 by shRNA or gene knockout. However, the effects of CDK8 depletion did not entirely mimic CDK8/19 kinase inhibition suggesting that the mediator kinases are not functionally redundant. Additionally, treatment of CD4+ peripheral blood mononuclear cells isolated from people living with HIV-1 and who are receiving antiretroviral therapy with Senexin A inhibited induction of viral replication in response to T cell stimulation by PMA and ionomycin. These observations indicate that the mediator kinases, CDK8 and CDK19, play a significant role for regulation of HIV-1 transcription and that small molecule inhibitors of these enzymes may contribute to therapies designed to promote deep latency involving the durable suppression of provirus expression. IMPORTANCE A cure for HIV-1 infection will require novel therapies that can force elimination of cells that contain copies of the virus genome inserted into the cell chromosome, but which is shut off, or silenced. These are known as latently-infected cells, which represent the main reason why current treatment for HIV/AIDS cannot cure the infection because the virus in these cells is unaffected by current drugs. Our results indicate that chemical inhibitors of Cdk8 also inhibit the expression of latent HIV provirus. Cdk8 is an important enzyme that regulates the expression of genes in response to signals to which cells need to respond and which is produced by a gene that is frequently mutated in cancers. Our observations indicate that Cdk8 inhibitors may be employed in novel therapies to prevent expression from latent provirus, which might eventually enable infected individuals to cease treatment with antiretroviral drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riley M. Horvath
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Molecular Epigenetics Group, LSI, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Zabrina L. Brumme
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
- British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Ivan Sadowski
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Molecular Epigenetics Group, LSI, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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Tran ML, Borie-Guichot M, Garcia V, Oukhrib A, Génisson Y, Levade T, Ballereau S, Turrin CO, Dehoux C. Phosphorus Dendrimers for Metal-Free Ligation: Design of Multivalent Pharmacological Chaperones against Gaucher Disease. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202301210. [PMID: 37313991 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202301210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The first phosphorus dendrimers built on a cyclotriphosphazene core and decorated with six or twelve monofluorocyclooctyne units were prepared. A simple stirring allowed the grafting of N-hexyl deoxynojirimycin inhitopes onto their surface by copper-free strain promoted alkyne-azide cycloaddition click reaction. The synthesized iminosugars clusters were tested as multivalent inhibitors of the biologically relevant enzymes β-glucocerebrosidase and acid α-glucosidase, involved in Gaucher and Pompe lysosomal storage diseases, respectively. For both enzymes, all the multivalent compounds were more potent than the reference N-hexyl deoxynojirimycin. Remarkably, the final dodecavalent compound proved to be one of the best β-glucocerebrosidase inhibitors described to date. These cyclotriphosphazene-based deoxynojirimycin dendrimers were then evaluated as pharmacological chaperones against Gaucher disease. Not only did these multivalent constructs cross the cell membranes but they were also able to increase β-glucocerebrosidase activity in Gaucher cells. Notably, dodecavalent compound allowed a 1.4-fold enzyme activity enhancement at a concentration as low as 100 nM. These new monofluorocyclooctyne-presenting dendrimers may further find numerous applications in the synthesis of multivalent objects for biological and pharmacological purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- My Lan Tran
- Université Paul Sabatier-Toulouse III CNRS SPCMIB, UMR5068, 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062, Toulouse, France
| | - Marc Borie-Guichot
- Université Paul Sabatier-Toulouse III CNRS SPCMIB, UMR5068, 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062, Toulouse, France
| | - Virginie Garcia
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) UMR1037, Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse (CRCT), Université Paul Sabatier, Laboratoire de Biochimie Métabolique, Institut Fédératif de Biologie, CHU Purpan, 31059, Toulouse, France
| | | | - Yves Génisson
- Université Paul Sabatier-Toulouse III CNRS SPCMIB, UMR5068, 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062, Toulouse, France
| | - Thierry Levade
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) UMR1037, Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse (CRCT), Université Paul Sabatier, Laboratoire de Biochimie Métabolique, Institut Fédératif de Biologie, CHU Purpan, 31059, Toulouse, France
| | - Stéphanie Ballereau
- Université Paul Sabatier-Toulouse III CNRS SPCMIB, UMR5068, 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062, Toulouse, France
| | - Cédric-Olivier Turrin
- Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination du CNRS, 205 Route de Narbonne, BP 44099, 31077, Toulouse CEDEX 4, France
- LCC-CNRS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, 31013, Toulouse CEDEX 6, France
- IMD-Pharma, 205 Route de Narbonne, 31077, Toulouse CEDEX 4, France
| | - Cécile Dehoux
- Université Paul Sabatier-Toulouse III CNRS SPCMIB, UMR5068, 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062, Toulouse, France
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142
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Trivedi VD, Sullivan SF, Choudhury D, Endalur Gopinarayanan V, Hart T, Nair NU. Integration of metabolism and regulation reveals rapid adaptability to growth on non-native substrates. Cell Chem Biol 2023; 30:1135-1143.e5. [PMID: 37421944 PMCID: PMC10529486 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2023.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023]
Abstract
Engineering synthetic heterotrophy is a key to the efficient bio-based valorization of renewable and waste substrates. Among these, engineering hemicellulosic pentose utilization has been well-explored in Saccharomyces cerevisiae (yeast) over several decades-yet the answer to what makes their utilization inherently recalcitrant remains elusive. Through implementation of a semi-synthetic regulon, we find that harmonizing cellular and engineering objectives are a key to obtaining highest growth rates and yields with minimal metabolic engineering effort. Concurrently, results indicate that "extrinsic" factors-specifically, upstream genes that direct flux of pentoses into central carbon metabolism-are rate-limiting. We also reveal that yeast metabolism is innately highly adaptable to rapid growth on non-native substrates and that systems metabolic engineering (i.e., functional genomics, network modeling, etc.) is largely unnecessary. Overall, this work provides an alternate, novel, holistic (and yet minimalistic) approach based on integrating non-native metabolic genes with a native regulon system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikas D Trivedi
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA, USA
| | - Sean F Sullivan
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA, USA
| | - Debika Choudhury
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA, USA
| | | | - Taylor Hart
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA, USA
| | - Nikhil U Nair
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA, USA.
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143
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Bamborough P, Chung CW, Goodwin NC, Mitchell DJ, Neipp CE, Phillipou A, Preston A, Prinjha RK, Soden PE, Watson RJ, Demont EH. Design and Characterization of 1,3-Dihydro-2 H-benzo[ d]azepin-2-ones as Rule-of-5 Compliant Bivalent BET Inhibitors. ACS Med Chem Lett 2023; 14:1231-1236. [PMID: 37736196 PMCID: PMC10510503 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.3c00242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The 1,3-dihydro-2H-benzo[d]azepin-2-ones are potent and ligand-efficient pan-BET bromodomain inhibitors. Here we describe the extension of this template to exploit a bivalent mode of action, binding simultaneously to both bromodomains. Initially the linker length and attachment vectors compatible with bivalent binding were explored, leading to the discovery of exceptionally potent bivalent BET inhibitors within druglike rule-of-5 space.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Bamborough
- GlaxoSmithKline, Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K.
| | - Chun-wa Chung
- GlaxoSmithKline, Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K.
| | | | - Darren J. Mitchell
- GlaxoSmithKline, Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K.
| | | | - Alex Phillipou
- GlaxoSmithKline, Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K.
| | - Alex Preston
- GlaxoSmithKline, Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K.
| | - Rab K. Prinjha
- GlaxoSmithKline, Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K.
| | - Peter E. Soden
- GlaxoSmithKline, Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K.
| | - Robert J. Watson
- GlaxoSmithKline, Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K.
| | - Emmanuel H. Demont
- GlaxoSmithKline, Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K.
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Hernández González JE, Salas-Sarduy E, Alvarez LH, Valiente PA, Arni RK, Pascutti PG. Three decades targeting falcipains to develop antiplasmodial agents: what have we learned and what can be done next? Curr Med Chem 2023; 31:CMC-EPUB-134508. [PMID: 37711130 DOI: 10.2174/0929867331666230913165219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Malaria is a devastating infectious disease that affects large swathes of human populations across the planet's tropical regions. It is caused by parasites of the genus Plasmodium, with Plasmodium falciparum being responsible for the most lethal form of the disease. During the intraerythrocytic stage in the human hosts, malaria parasites multiply and degrade hemoglobin (Hb) using a battery of proteases, which include two cysteine proteases, falcipains 2 and 3 (FP-2 and FP-3). Due to their role as major hemoglobinases, FP-2 and FP-3 have been targeted in studies aiming to discover new antimalarials and numerous inhibitors with activity against these enzymes, and parasites in culture have been identified. Nonetheless, cross-inhibition of human cysteine cathepsins remains a serious hurdle to overcome for these compounds to be used clinically. In this article, we have reviewed key functional and structural properties of FP-2/3 and described different compound series reported as inhibitors of these proteases during decades of active research in the field. Special attention is also paid to the wide range of computer-aided drug design (CADD) techniques successfully applied to discover new active compounds. Finally, we provide guidelines that, in our understanding, will help advance the rational discovery of new FP-2/3 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Enrique Hernández González
- Multiuser Center for Biomolecular Innovation, IBILCE/UNESP, São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UZA II, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Emir Salas-Sarduy
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas Dr. Rodolfo Ugalde, Universidad Nacional de San Martín, CONICET, San Martín, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Escuela de Bio y Nanotecnología (EByN), Universidad de San Martín (UNSAM), San Martín, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - Pedro A Valiente
- Donnelly Centre for Cellular & Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, Canada
| | - Raghuvir K Arni
- Multiuser Center for Biomolecular Innovation, IBILCE/UNESP, São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Pedro G Pascutti
- Laboratório de Modelagem e Dinâmica Molecular, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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Aribigbola TC, Omoboyowa DA, Bodun DS. Computational prediction of 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase inhibitors from n-butanol fraction of Blighia welwetschii (Hiern) leaf for the management of type-2 diabetes. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023:1-14. [PMID: 37698347 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2256869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
Human 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11β-HSD-1) is an enzyme that catalyzes the generation of active cortisol from cortisone, thus regulating the availability of glucocorticoids for the steroid receptor. The involvement of this process in insulin insensitivity has established the catalyst as therapeutic target in type-2 diabetes management. Herein, potent antagonists of 11β-HSD-1 were predicted from bioactive compounds identified from n-butanol fraction of B. welwitschi leaf using chromatography method (HPLC). Molecular docking, MM/GBSA evaluation, autoQSAR modeling, e-pharmacophore modeling, and molecular dynamics simulation of the bioactive compounds were carried out against 11β-HSD-1 employing Schrodinger suite (2017-1). Seven out of the ten bioactive compounds from the fraction showed a higher degree of binding affinity against 11β-HSD-1 compared with the co-crystalized ligand. The post-docking analysis revealed strong interaction due to the hydrogen bond formation between the molecules and amino acid present at the catalytic site of 11β-HSD-1. Rutin showed the highest binding affinity (-13.980 kcal/mol) among the hits comparable to the co-crystalized ligand (-7.576 kcal/mol). The binding free energy (ΔGbind) evaluation validates the inhibitory potential of the docked complexes, which exclusively confirmed cyaniding-3-o-glucoside (-62.022 kcal/mol) with the highest binding energy followed by rutin (-59.629 kcal/mol). The molecular dynamics simulations predicted the stability of rutin and quercetin-3-o-glycoside complex with 11β-HSD-1 through 100 ns with minimum fluctuation and more H-bond observed between the two top scored 11β-HSD-1-compound complexes compared to the 11β-HSD-1-co-crystalized ligand complex. The pharmacokinetic profile revealed that the hit compounds are promising drug candidates except for rutin which violated more than one Lipinski's rule of five. This study revealed that bioactive compounds identified from B. welwitschi leaves demonstrated good inhibitory potential against 11β-HSD-1. Therefore, these bioactive molecules require experimental validation as 11β-HSD-1 antagonists for type 2 diabetes management.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Damilola A Omoboyowa
- Department of Biochemistry, Adekunle Ajasin University, Akungba-Akoko, Ondo State, Nigeria
| | - Damilola S Bodun
- Department of Biochemistry, Adekunle Ajasin University, Akungba-Akoko, Ondo State, Nigeria
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146
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Abstract
Although considerable attention has been paid to the role of extracellular galectins in modulating, positively or negatively, tumor growth and metastasis, we have witnessed a growing interest in the role of intracellular galectins in response to their environment. This is not surprising as many galectins preferentially exist in cytosolic and nuclear compartments, which is consistent with the fact that they are exported outside the cells via a yet undefined non-classical mechanism. This review summarizes our most recent knowledge of their intracellular functions in cancer cells and provides some directions for future strategies to inhibit their role in cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yves St-Pierre
- INRS-Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Laval, QC, Canada
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147
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Xanthis V, Mantso T, Dimtsi A, Pappa A, Fadouloglou VE. Human Aldehyde Dehydrogenases: A Superfamily of Similar Yet Different Proteins Highly Related to Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4419. [PMID: 37686694 PMCID: PMC10650815 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15174419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The superfamily of human aldehyde dehydrogenases (hALDHs) consists of 19 isoenzymes which are critical for several physiological and biosynthetic processes and play a major role in the organism's detoxification via the NAD(P) dependent oxidation of numerous endogenous and exogenous aldehyde substrates to their corresponding carboxylic acids. Over the last decades, ALDHs have been the subject of several studies as it was revealed that their differential expression patterns in various cancer types are associated either with carcinogenesis or promotion of cell survival. Here, we attempt to provide a thorough review of hALDHs' diverse functions and 3D structures with particular emphasis on their role in cancer pathology and resistance to chemotherapy. We are especially interested in findings regarding the association of structural features and their changes with effects on enzymes' functionalities. Moreover, we provide an updated outline of the hALDHs inhibitors utilized in experimental or clinical settings for cancer therapy. Overall, this review aims to provide a better understanding of the impact of ALDHs in cancer pathology and therapy from a structural perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Vasiliki E. Fadouloglou
- Department of Molecular Biology & Genetics, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece
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148
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Kudsi M, Asaad W, Khalayli N, Soud Alkousa H, Haidar G. Erythema nodosum after golimumab treatment in ankylosing spondylitis patients: a case report and literature review. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2023; 85:4633-4637. [PMID: 37663707 PMCID: PMC10473294 DOI: 10.1097/ms9.0000000000001108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Erythema nodosum (EN) is a self-limited septal panniculitis that presents with fever, arthralgia, and arthritis. Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) inhibitor such as golimumab has been found to treat EN in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). We herein report the paradoxical occurrence of EN following golimumab for ankylosing spondylitis. Case presentation A 34-year-old female presented in June 2022 with a complaint of 'sores' on her feet that intermittently presented for approximately 5 months but that had worsened dramatically in the last 24 h. The patient had an 8-year history of ankylosing spondylitis for 7 years. Subcutaneous golimumab was administered every 4 weeks as she had not responded to other treatments. Twenty-four hours after the fifth subcutaneous injection, painful, erythematous nodules appeared, histologically compatible with EN. Despite this side effect, we continue therapy due to the good response and efficacy. Discussion Skin reactions were associated with the treatment with golimumab, including warm tender skin around the injection site, eruptions, itchiness, and sometimes a full-body rash. Golimumab was successfully used in treating EN in Crohn's disease. Because our patient continued on golimumab, the temporal association of EN flares with therapeutic injection and the lack of any etiology support a direct causal relationship between EN and golimumab treatment. Conclusion TNF-α inhibitors are useful in treating Crohn's disease patients with EN, although it may present as an adverse effect of this treatment. Further work is needed.
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149
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Wu B, Luo Y, Wu D, Wang Y, Shen M. Phenotypic and genotypic characterization of Chinese adult patients with NLRP3‑associated autoinflammatory disease with hearing loss. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2023:kead451. [PMID: 37656934 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/kead451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor family, pyrin domain containing 3-associated autoinflammatory disease (NLRP3-AID) is a rare autosomal dominant systemic autoinflammatory disease. We aimed to summarize the phenotypic and genotypic features of Chinese adult NLRP3-AID patients with hearing loss. METHODS A retrospective cohort study of twenty-one adult patients with NLRP3-AID was conducted in Peking Union Medical College Hospital between July 2015 and March 2023. All patients underwent whole exome sequencing and otorhinolaryngologic assessments. Clinical features and therapeutic data were collected and analyzed. RESULTS We found that 13/21 (61.90%) of patients had hearing loss with high-frequency impairment in the majority, and most patients presented with vestibular dysfunction as a new finding. The NLRP3-AID patients with early-onset, cold or stress triggered episodes, red eyes, fatigue, hypopsia and mutations located in the NACHT domain of the NLRP3 protein were more likely to suffer from hearing loss, especially sensorineural hearing loss, perhaps as a result of pathogenic variants of high penetrance. By a series of audiological evaluations, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α inhibitors were confirmed to improve or reverse hearing loss. CONCLUSIONS We reported the first cohort of Chinese adult NLRP3-AID patients with hearing loss and characterized vestibular dysfunction, highlighted the necessity for attention to high-frequency hearing, and provided potential alternative treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingxuan Wu
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College; National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Ministry of Science & Technology; State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital; Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Luo
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College; National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Ministry of Science & Technology; State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital; Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Di Wu
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College; National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Ministry of Science & Technology; State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital; Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Otolaryngological, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Min Shen
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College; National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Ministry of Science & Technology; State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital; Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
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Gobec M, Obreza A, Jukič M, Baumgartner A, Mihelčič N, Potočnik Š, Virant J, Mlinarič I, Stanislav R, Sosič GI. Design and synthesis of amino-substituted N-arylpiperidinyl-based inhibitors of the (immuno)proteasome. Acta Pharm 2023; 73:441-456. [PMID: 37708963 DOI: 10.2478/acph-2023-0032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
The constitutive proteasome and the immunoproteasome represent validated targets for pharmacological intervention in the context of various diseases, such as cancer, inflammation, and autoimmune diseases. The development of novel chemical scaffolds of non-peptidic nature, capable of inhibiting different catalytically active subunits of both isoforms, is a viable approach against these diseases. Such compounds are also useful as leads for the development of biochemical probes that enable the studies of the roles of both isoforms in various biological contexts. Here, we present a ligand-based computational design of (immuno)proteasome inhibitors, which resulted in the amino-substituted N-arylpiperidine-based compounds that can inhibit different subunits of the (immuno)proteasome in the low micromolar range. The compounds represent a useful starting point for further structure-activity relationship studies that will, hopefully, lead to non-peptidic compounds that could be used in pharmacological and biochemical studies of both proteasomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Gobec
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Pharmacy, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Aleš Obreza
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Pharmacy, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Marko Jukič
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Pharmacy, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Current address: University of Maribor, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Laboratory of Physical Chemistry and Chemical Thermodynamics, 2000 Maribor Slovenia
| | - Ana Baumgartner
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Pharmacy, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Nja Mihelčič
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Pharmacy, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Špela Potočnik
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Pharmacy, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Julija Virant
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Pharmacy, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Irena Mlinarič
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Pharmacy, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Raščan Stanislav
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Pharmacy, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
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