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Thomas AN, Boxall EM, Sabbagh G, Eddleston J, Dunne A, Stevens A, Murphy P. The Development and Analysis of a Database to Record Critical Incidents Associated with Intravenous Drug Administration in Critically III Patients. J Intensive Care Soc 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/175114370600700113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Staff were asked to report critical incidents associated with intravenous medications across a critical care network. These were categorised using a database by drug and drug class, seriousness and level of harm, process stage and communication factors. 139 critical incidents were identified in 3848 patient days. Noradrenaline, omeprazole, gentamicin and insulin were most commonly involved (range 6 to 9 incidents). Twenty two incidents involved drug supply, 61 prescriptions, 10 preparation and 58 administration. The use of a structured database allowed a clearer understanding of incidents to be established and we make some recommendations to improve safety. The classification database could be established across many intensive care units to improve understanding of incidents associated with intravenous medications.
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Liu Y, Siahmansur T, Hama S, Schofield J, Yadav R, France M, Kwok S, Donn R, Stevens A, Ammori B, Syed A, Durrington P, Soran H. Effect of bariatric surgery on HDL quantity and quality. Atherosclerosis 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2015.10.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Foo SH, Shah F, Chaganti S, Stevens A, Scarisbrick JJ. Unmasking mycosis fungoides/Sézary syndrome from preceding or co-existing benign inflammatory dermatoses requiring systemic therapies: patients frequently present with advanced disease and have an aggressive clinical course. Br J Dermatol 2016; 174:901-4. [PMID: 26479768 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.14238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Hurley KD, Lambert MC, Stevens A. Psychometrics of the Symptoms and Functioning Severity Scale for High-Risk Youth. JOURNAL OF EMOTIONAL AND BEHAVIORAL DISORDERS 2015; 23:206-214. [PMID: 26604659 PMCID: PMC4654952 DOI: 10.1177/1063426614535809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Youth in residential care have significant mental health needs which require regular progress monitoring; however, very few emotional or behavioral assessments have been examined with this unique, high-risk population. This study examined the psychometrics of the Symptom Functioning and Severity Scale, a brief 24-item measure designed to assess the emotional and behavioral status of youth. This study examined the SFSS ratings from 143 youth with a disruptive behavior diagnosis living in a group-home facility in the Midwest and 52 of their service providers. Overall, the findings suggest that the psychometrics of the SFSS, when rated by staff or youth were similar to the original outpatient clinical samples. More specifically, the Rasch analyses indicate that the SFSS items and the overall scale is performing adequately, and the confirmatory factor analyses replicated the two-factor structure for staff. However, the fit of the two-factor model was less compelling for youth ratings. In all, the brief SFSS seems a promising measure for assessing problem severity for youth in residential care.
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De Leonibus C, Chatelain P, Knight C, Clayton P, Stevens A. Effect of summer daylight exposure and genetic background on growth in growth hormone-deficient children. THE PHARMACOGENOMICS JOURNAL 2015; 16:540-550. [PMID: 26503811 PMCID: PMC5223086 DOI: 10.1038/tpj.2015.67] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2015] [Revised: 07/06/2015] [Accepted: 07/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The response to growth hormone in humans is dependent on phenotypic, genetic and environmental factors. The present study in children with growth hormone deficiency (GHD) collected worldwide characterised gene–environment interactions on growth response to recombinant human growth hormone (r-hGH). Growth responses in children are linked to latitude, and we found that a correlate of latitude, summer daylight exposure (SDE), was a key environmental factor related to growth response to r-hGH. In turn growth response was determined by an interaction between both SDE and genes known to affect growth response to r-hGH. In addition, analysis of associated networks of gene expression implicated a role for circadian clock pathways and specifically the developmental transcription factor NANOG. This work provides the first observation of gene–environment interactions in children treated with r-hGH.
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Duppong Hurley K, Lambert MC, Epstein MH, Stevens A. Convergent Validity of the Strength-Based Behavioral and Emotional Rating Scale with Youth in a Residential Setting. J Behav Health Serv Res 2015; 42:346-54. [PMID: 24435227 PMCID: PMC4102667 DOI: 10.1007/s11414-013-9389-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Strength-based assessment has been identified as an appropriate approach to use in planning treatment and evaluating outcomes of youth in residential settings. In previous research, the Behavioral and Emotional Rating Scale-2, a standardized and norm-referenced strength-based measure, has demonstrated adequate reliability and validity with youth served in community and educational settings. The purpose of the present study was to examine the internal reliability and convergent validity of the BERS-2 by comparing the test to the Child Behavior Checklist and the Symptoms and Functioning Severity Scale. The results indicate that the scores from the BERS-2 are internally consistent and converge with other behavioral and emotional measures which, taken together, suggest that the BERS-2 could be acceptable for assessing the emotional and behavioral strengths of youth in residential settings. Study limitations and future research directions are identified.
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Wens I, Dalgas U, Verboven K, Kosten L, Stevens A, Hens N, Eijnde BO. Impact of high intensity exercise on muscle morphology in EAE rats. Physiol Res 2015; 64:907-23. [PMID: 26047382 DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.932824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The impact of high-intensity exercise on disease progression and muscle contractile properties in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) remains unclear. Control (CON) and EAE rats were divided into sedentary and exercise groups. Before onset (experiment 1, n=40) and after hindquarter paralysis (experiment 2, n=40), isokinetic foot extensor strength, cross sectional area (CSA) of tibialis anterior (TA), extensor digitorum longus (EDL) and soleus (SOL) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels were assessed. EAE reduced muscle fiber CSA of TA, EDL and SOL. In general, exercise was not able to affect CSA, whereas it delayed hindquarter paralysis peak. CON muscle work peaked and declined, while it remained stable in EAE. BDNF-responses were not affected by EAE or exercise. In conclusion, EAE affected CSA-properties of TA, EDL and SOL, which could, partly, explain the absence of peak work during isokinetic muscle performance in EAE-animals. However, exercise was not able to prevent muscle fiber atrophy.
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Stevens A, Moser A, Koke A, van der Weijden T, Beurskens A, Marcellis R. The use of a patient-specific instrument in physiotherapy goal setting. Physiotherapy 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.physio.2015.03.1802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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59
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Bergstrom K, Stevens A, Srivaths L, Economides J, Yee DL. Haemophilia B acquired from liver transplantation: a case report and literature review. Haemophilia 2015; 21:e328-30. [DOI: 10.1111/hae.12699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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60
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Tanton C, Jones KG, Macdowall W, Clifton S, Mitchell KR, Datta J, Lewis R, Field N, Sonnenberg P, Stevens A, Wellings K, Johnson AM, Mercer CH. Patterns and trends in sources of information about sex among young people in Britain: evidence from three National Surveys of Sexual Attitudes and Lifestyles. BMJ Open 2015; 5:e007834. [PMID: 25743153 PMCID: PMC4360842 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2015-007834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2015] [Accepted: 02/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess progress in meeting young people's sex education needs in Britain by examining the current situation and changes over the past 20 years in sources of information about sexual matters and unmet information needs. DESIGN Cross-sectional probability sample surveys. SETTING British general population. PARTICIPANTS 3869 men and women aged 16-24 years, interviewed 2010-2012 for the third National Survey of Sexual Attitudes & Lifestyles (Natsal-3), compared with 16-24 year-olds in Natsal-1 (1990-1991; 792 men and women) and Natsal-2 (1999-2001; 2673 men and women). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Reported source of information about sexual matters, unmet information needs and preferred source of additional information. RESULTS Between 1990 and 2012, the proportion citing school lessons as their main source of information about sexual matters increased from 28.2% (95% CI 24.6 to 32.1) to 40.3% (95% CI 38.6 to 42.1). In 2010-2012, parents were reported as a main source by only 7.1% (95% CI 5.8 to 8.7) of men and 14.1% (95% CI 12.6 to 15.7) of women and, for women, were less commonly reported than in 1999-2001 (21.7%; 95% CI 19.6 to 24.0). Most young people reported not knowing enough when they first felt ready for sexual experience (68.1% men, 70.6% women), and this did not change substantially over time. They wanted more information about psychosexual matters (41.6% men, 46.8% women), as well as sexually transmitted infections (27.8% men, 29.8% women) and, for women, contraception (27.5%). Young people primarily wanted this information from school, parents or health professionals. CONCLUSIONS Over the past 20 years, young people have increasingly identified school lessons as their main source of information about sex, although they continue to report needing more information on a broad range of topics. The findings support the expressed need for improved sex and relationships education in schools alongside greater involvement of parents and health professionals.
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Lawrence K, Jackson T, Jamieson D, Stevens A, Owens G, Sayan B, Locke I, Townsend P. Urocortin – From Parkinson's disease to the skeleton. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2015; 60:130-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2014.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2014] [Revised: 12/12/2014] [Accepted: 12/13/2014] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Senefeld J, Joyner MJ, Stevens A, Hunter SK. Sex differences in elite swimming with advanced age are less than marathon running. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2015; 26:17-28. [DOI: 10.1111/sms.12412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Graf C, Deakin L, Docking M, Jones J, Joshua S, McKerahan T, Ottmar M, Stevens A, Wates E, Wyatt D. Best practice guidelines on publishing ethics: a publisher's perspective, 2nd edition. Int J Clin Pract 2014; 68:1410-28. [PMID: 25329600 DOI: 10.1111/ijcp.12557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2014] [Accepted: 08/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Wiley has updated its publishing ethics guidelines, first published in 2006. The new guidelines provide guidance, resources and practical advice on ethical concerns that arise in academic publishing for editors, authors and researchers, among other audiences. New guidance is also included on whistle blowers, animal research, clinical research and clinical trial registration, addressing cultural differences, human rights and confidentiality. The guidelines are uniquely interdisciplinary, and were reviewed by 24 editors and experts chosen from the wide range of communities that Wiley serves. They are also published in Advanced Materials, Headache, Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, Social Science Quarterly, and on the website http://exchanges.wiley.com/ethicsguidelines.
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Knight H, Boysen M, Stevens A, Longson C. Amending the Guide to Methods of Technology Appraisal at Nice to Incorporate two New Value Elements: Burden of Illness And Wider Societal Impact. VALUE IN HEALTH : THE JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR PHARMACOECONOMICS AND OUTCOMES RESEARCH 2014; 17:A324. [PMID: 27200535 DOI: 10.1016/j.jval.2014.08.573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
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Ward DJ, Hammond E, Linden-Phillips L, Stevens A. Trends In Clinical Drug Development Timeframes, 1981-2013 - An Example From Virology. VALUE IN HEALTH : THE JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR PHARMACOECONOMICS AND OUTCOMES RESEARCH 2014; 17:A408. [PMID: 27200996 DOI: 10.1016/j.jval.2014.08.956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
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Stevens A, De Leonibus C, Whatmore A, Hanson D, Murray P, Chatelain P, Westwood M, Clayton P. Pharmacogenomics related to growth disorders. Horm Res Paediatr 2014; 80:477-90. [PMID: 24296333 DOI: 10.1159/000355658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2013] [Accepted: 09/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Growth disorders resulting in short stature are caused by a wide range of underlying pathophysiological processes. To improve height many of these conditions are treated with recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH). However, substantial inter-individual variability in growth response both in the short and long-term is recognised. Over the last decade, disease-specific growth prediction models have been developed that the clinician can use to define a child's potential response to rhGH and to optimise starting and maintenance doses of rhGH. These models, however, are not able to predict all the variations in treatment response. There has, therefore, been recent interest in using genetic information to contribute to the evaluation of responses to rhGH, including high-throughput technologies for assessing DNA markers (genome) and mRNA transcripts (transcriptome) as pharmacogenomic tools. This review will focus on how these pharmacogenomic approaches are being applied to growth disorders.
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Verbunt JA, Nijhuis A, Vikström M, Stevens A, Haga N, de Jong J, Goossens M. The psychometric characteristics of an assessment instrument for perceived harmfulness in adolescents with musculoskeletal pain (PHODA-youth). Eur J Pain 2014; 19:695-705. [PMID: 25243825 DOI: 10.1002/ejp.592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cognitive-behavioural models of chronic pain predict that dysfunctional assumptions about harmfulness of activities may maintain pain-related fear and disability. To assess perceived harmfulness in adolescents, the Photograph Series of Daily Activities for youth (PHODA-youth) was developed. Information concerning its methodological quality is currently lacking. OBJECTIVE To investigate psychometric characteristics (factor structure, test-retest reliability, construct validity) and feasibility of the PHODA-youth in adolescents with chronic musculoskeletal pain. STUDY DESIGN Test-retest design. STUDY POPULATION Adolescents aged 13-21 years with chronic nonspecific musculoskeletal pain. METHODS Participants filled in an electronic version of the PHODA-youth including 89 items twice with a 4-week interval. The instrument's factor structure was determined by a factor analysis. Construct validity was studied with criterion variables: catastrophizing (Pain Catastrophizing Scale for Children), pain intensity (visual analogue scale), depression (Children's Depression Inventory) and pain-related disability (Functional Disability Inventory) using regression analysis. Test-retest reliability was evaluated based on the Pearson correlation coefficient. Feasibility was studied with self-constructed questions. RESULTS Seventy-one adolescents participated. Results show a three-factor structure for the PHODA-youth including 51 items with subscales labelled as: 'activities of daily life', 'intensive physical activities' and 'social activities'. Total and subscale scores showed a high internal consistency. Its test-retest reliability was good (r = 0.94) and its construct validity is supported by the finding that both catastrophizing (β = 0.25; p = 0.02) and disability (β = 0.71; p < 0.001) were uniquely related to the PHODA-youth. In addition, feasibility appeared adequate. CONCLUSION The findings support the PHODA-youth as a valid and reliable measure of the perceived harmfulness of activities in adolescents with musculoskeletal pain.
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Stevens A, Bonshek C, Whatmore A, Butcher I, Hanson D, De Leonibus C, Shaikh G, Brown M, O'Shea E, Victor S, Powell P, Settle P, Padmakumar B, Tan A, Odeka E, Cooper C, Birch J, Shenoy A, Westwood M, Patel L, Dunn BW, Clayton P. Insights into the pathophysiology of catch-up compared with non-catch-up growth in children born small for gestational age: an integrated analysis of metabolic and transcriptomic data. THE PHARMACOGENOMICS JOURNAL 2014; 14:376-84. [PMID: 24614687 DOI: 10.1038/tpj.2014.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2013] [Revised: 12/07/2013] [Accepted: 01/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Small for gestational age (SGA) children exhibiting catch-up (CU) growth have a greater risk of cardiometabolic diseases in later life compared with non-catch-up (NCU) SGA children. The aim of this study was to establish differences in metabolism and gene expression profiles between CU and NCU at age 4-9 years. CU children (n=22) had greater height, weight and body mass index standard deviation scores along with insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and fasting glucose levels but lower adiponectin values than NCU children (n=11; all P<0.05). Metabolic profiling demonstrated a fourfold decrease of urine myo-inositol in CU compared with NCU (P<0.05). There were 1558 genes differentially expressed in peripheral blood mononuclear cells between the groups (P<0.05). Integrated analysis of data identified myo-inositol related to gene clusters associated with an increase in insulin, growth factor and IGF-I signalling in CU children (P<0.05). Metabolic and transcriptomic profiles in CU SGA children showed changes that may relate to cardiometabolic risk.
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Stevens A, Fabra M. [The assessment of posttraumatic stress disorder in the transformation of DSM-IV-TR DSM-5: what remains, what will change? (II)]. VERSICHERUNGSMEDIZIN 2014; 66:12-22. [PMID: 24683892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
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70
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Stevens A, De Leonibus C, Hanson D, Dowsey AW, Whatmore A, Meyer S, Donn RP, Chatelain P, Banerjee I, Cosgrove KE, Clayton PE, Dunne MJ. Network analysis: a new approach to study endocrine disorders. J Mol Endocrinol 2014; 52:R79-93. [PMID: 24085748 DOI: 10.1530/jme-13-0112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Systems biology is the study of the interactions that occur between the components of individual cells - including genes, proteins, transcription factors, small molecules, and metabolites, and their relationships to complex physiological and pathological processes. The application of systems biology to medicine promises rapid advances in both our understanding of disease and the development of novel treatment options. Network biology has emerged as the primary tool for studying systems biology as it utilises the mathematical analysis of the relationships between connected objects in a biological system and allows the integration of varied 'omic' datasets (including genomics, metabolomics, proteomics, etc.). Analysis of network biology generates interactome models to infer and assess function; to understand mechanisms, and to prioritise candidates for further investigation. This review provides an overview of network methods used to support this research and an insight into current applications of network analysis applied to endocrinology. A wide spectrum of endocrine disorders are included ranging from congenital hyperinsulinism in infancy, through childhood developmental and growth disorders, to the development of metabolic diseases in early and late adulthood, such as obesity and obesity-related pathologies. In addition to providing a deeper understanding of diseases processes, network biology is also central to the development of personalised treatment strategies which will integrate pharmacogenomics with systems biology of the individual.
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Parveen S, Stevens A, Stephens B, Green S, Clutton-Brock T, Parkes M. EP-1225: Safely achieving up to 6 minute breath-holds in breast cancer patients. Radiother Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(15)31343-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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72
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Stevens A, Fabra M. [Forensic assessment of DSM-5 posttraumatic stress disorder: a commentary on the transition from DSM-IV-TR (I)]. VERSICHERUNGSMEDIZIN 2013; 65:191-196. [PMID: 24400398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
In May 2013 the American Psychiatric Association (APA) has released the latest and fifth edition of the diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (DSM-5). Like its predecessor, the DSM-IV-TR, it will have considerable impact on the science of Psychiatry. The DSM-5 describes - actually available in English - the present medical knowledge about mental disorders. In the short run, German medical science and scientific medicolegal expertises will continue to rely on the German version of the DSM-IV-TR, however, they will be difficult to defend without bearing in mind the changes that DSM-5 brings about. This report discusses the transition from DSM-IV-TR to DSM-5 with regard to posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and provides suggestions, how the criteria might be evaluated.
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Field N, Mercer CH, Sonnenberg P, Tanton C, Clifton S, Mitchell KR, Erens B, Macdowall W, Wu F, Datta J, Jones KG, Stevens A, Prah P, Copas AJ, Phelps A, Wellings K, Johnson AM. Associations between health and sexual lifestyles in Britain: findings from the third National Survey of Sexual Attitudes and Lifestyles (Natsal-3). Lancet 2013; 382:1830-44. [PMID: 24286788 PMCID: PMC3898988 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(13)62222-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical and mental health could greatly affect sexual activity and fulfilment, but the nature of associations at a population level is poorly understood. We used data from the third National Survey of Sexual Attitudes and Lifestyles (Natsal-3) to explore associations between health and sexual lifestyles in Britain (England, Scotland, and Wales). METHODS Men and women aged 16-74 years who were resident in households in Britain were interviewed between Sept 6, 2010, and Aug 31, 2012. Participants completed the survey in their own homes through computer-assisted face-to-face interviews and self-interview. We analysed data for self-reported health status, chronic conditions, and sexual lifestyles, weighted to account for unequal selection probabilities and non-response to correct for differences in sex, age group, and region according to 2011 Census figures. FINDINGS Interviews were done with 15,162 participants (6293 men, 8869 women). The proportion reporting recent sexual activity (one or more occasion of vaginal, oral, or anal sex with a partner of the opposite sex, or oral or anal sex or genital contact with a partner of the same sex in the past 4 weeks) decreased with age after the age of 45 years in men and after the age of 35 years in women, while the proportion in poorer health categories increased with age. Recent sexual activity was less common in participants reporting bad or very bad health than in those reporting very good health (men: 35·7% [95% CI 28·6-43·5] vs 74·8% [72·7-76·7]; women: 34·0% [28·6-39·9] vs 67·4% [65·4-69·3]), and this association remained after adjusting for age and relationship status (men: adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 0·29 [95% CI 0·19-0·44]; women: 0·43 [0·31-0·61]). Sexual satisfaction generally decreased with age, and was significantly lower in those reporting bad or very bad health than in those reporting very good health (men: 45·4% [38·4-52·7] vs 69·5% [67·3-71·6], AOR 0·51 [0·36-0·72]; women: 48·6% [42·9-54·3] vs 65·6% [63·6-67·4], AOR 0·69 [0·53-0·91]). In both sexes, reduced sexual activity and reduced satisfaction were associated with limiting disability and depressive symptoms, and reduced sexual activity was associated with chronic airways disease and difficulty walking up the stairs because of a health problem. 16·6% (95% CI 15·4-17·7) of men and 17·2% (16·3-18·2) of women reported that their health had affected their sex life in the past year, increasing to about 60% in those reporting bad or very bad health. 23·5% (20·3-26·9) of men and 18·4% (16·0-20·9) of women who reported that their health affected their sex life reported that they had sought clinical help (>80% from general practitioners; <10% from specialist services). INTERPRETATION Poor health is independently associated with decreased sexual activity and satisfaction at all ages in Britain. Many people in poor health report an effect on their sex life, but few seek clinical help. Sexual lifestyle advice should be a component of holistic health care for patients with chronic ill health. FUNDING Grants from the UK Medical Research Council and the Wellcome Trust, with support from the Economic and Social Research Council and Department of Health.
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Murray PG, Hanson D, Coulson T, Stevens A, Whatmore A, Poole RL, Mackay DJ, Black GCM, Clayton PE. 3-M syndrome: a growth disorder associated with IGF2 silencing. Endocr Connect 2013; 2:225-35. [PMID: 24148222 PMCID: PMC3847915 DOI: 10.1530/ec-13-0065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2013] [Accepted: 10/22/2013] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
3-M syndrome is an autosomal recessive disorder characterised by pre- and post-natal growth restriction, facial dysmorphism, normal intelligence and radiological features (slender long bones and tall vertebral bodies). It is known to be caused by mutations in the genes encoding cullin 7, obscurin-like 1 and coiled-coil domain containing 8. The mechanisms through which mutations in these genes impair growth are unclear. The aim of this study was to identify novel pathways involved in the growth impairment in 3-M syndrome. RNA was extracted from fibroblast cell lines derived from four 3-M syndrome patients and three control subjects, hybridised to Affymetrix HU 133 plus 2.0 arrays with quantitative real-time PCR used to confirm changes found on microarray. IGF-II protein levels in conditioned cell culture media were measured by ELISA. Of the top 10 downregulated probesets, three represented IGF2 while H19 was identified as the 23rd most upregulated probeset. QRT-PCR confirmed upregulation of H19 (P<0.001) and downregulation of IGF2 (P<0.001). Levels of IGF-II secreted into conditioned cell culture medium were higher for control fibroblasts than those for 3-M fibroblasts (10.2±2.9 vs 0.6±0.9 ng/ml, P<0.01). 3-M syndrome is associated with a gene expression profile of reduced IGF2 expression and increased H19 expression similar to that found in Silver-Russell syndrome. Loss of autocrine IGF-II in the growth plate may be associated with the short stature seen in children with 3-M syndrome.
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Stevens A, Parsa A, Payne C, Nezhat C. Segmental Bladder Resection for Endometriosis. J Minim Invasive Gynecol 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmig.2013.08.210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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