101
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Abstract
Islet-cell antibodies (I.C.A.) were found in 38% (319/829) of insulin-dependent diabetic patients, in 5% (6/112) of insulin-independent diabetics, and in 1.7% (3/177) of non-diabetic subjects. In the insulin-dependent group I.C.A. were found in 85% of patients immediately after the onset of symptoms and they became less common as the duration of disease increased I.C.A. were equally common in both sexes and the decline in their prevalence was independent of age. The antibodies were directed against cytoplasmic components of islet cells but not against insulin itself. The appearance of I.C.A. probably follows cell damage occurring before the onset of symptoms. By contrast, thyroid and gastric autoantibodies were more common in older patients and females. There was no correlation between the presence of these antibodies and I.C.A. in patients with either diabetes of recent onset or longstanding disease.
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102
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Sheldon J, Hill DM, Brearley BF, Dipple PE, Bloom A, Gurling KJ, Pilkington TR, Hayes TM, Sonksen P, Hockaday TD. Insulin: U40, U80, or U100. BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL 1976; 2:1319. [PMID: 1000208 PMCID: PMC1690050 DOI: 10.1136/bmj.2.6047.1319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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103
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Bartolini RA, Bloom A, Channin DJ. Organic medium for integrated optics. APPLIED OPTICS 1976; 15:2628-2629. [PMID: 20165461 DOI: 10.1364/ao.15.002628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
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104
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Bulpitt CJ, Shaw KM, Hodes C, Bloom A. The symptom patterns of treated diabetic patients. JOURNAL OF CHRONIC DISEASES 1976; 29:571-83. [PMID: 956336 DOI: 10.1016/0021-9681(76)90004-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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105
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Bartolini RA, Bloom A, Weakliem HA. Volume holographic recording characteristics of an organic medium. APPLIED OPTICS 1976; 15:1261-1265. [PMID: 20165162 DOI: 10.1364/ao.15.001261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Volume holographic recording characteristics of camphorquinone in a rigid, acrylic polyester host are presented and related to the observed photoinduced refractive index changes. The dependence of the holographic recording on camphorquinone concentration, temperature, and light intensity is discussed in detail. The holograms are permanent and develop to their final efficiency slowly at room temperature. Heating after exposure can be used to accelerate fixing of the hologram.
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106
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Chapin FS, Bloom A. Phosphate Absorption: Adaptation of Tundra Graminoids to a Low Temperature, Low Phosphorus Environment. OIKOS 1976. [DOI: 10.2307/3543439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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107
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Barnes AJ, Bloom A, Crowley MF, Tuttlebee JW, Bloom SR, Alberti KG, Smythe P, Turnell D. Is glucagon important in stable insulin-dependent diabetics? Lancet 1975; 2:734-7. [PMID: 52770 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(75)90722-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The role of glucagon has been evaluated in the everyday regulation of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in insulin-dependent diabetic patients. Plasma concentrations of glucagon, growth hormone, cortisol, glucose, and free fatty acids and blood concentrations of glycerol, 3-hydroxybutyrate, acetoacetate, alanine, pyruvate, and lactate were measured in 38 fasting diabetic subjects deprived of their usual morning dose of insulin. The measurements were repeated in 25 of these patients after a further 3 hours of insulin deprivation and in 6 patients again at 6 hours. There was no correlation between the initial fasting levels of plasma-glucagon and those of the other biochemical measurements including glucose and ketone bodies. Furthermore, no correlation was found between changes in these measurements and in plasma-glucagon over a period of 3 or 6 hours. These findings suggest that glucagon is unlikely to play a role of primary importance in blood-glucose homoeostasis or ketone-body metabolism in ambulant insulin-dependent diabetic patients.
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108
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109
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Bloom A, Hayes TM, Gamble DR. Register of newly diagnosed diabetic children. BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL 1975; 3:580-3. [PMID: 1174829 PMCID: PMC1674484 DOI: 10.1136/bmj.3.5983.580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
In November 1972 the British Diabetic Association sponsored a register to which notification was invited of all new cases of diabetes occurring in children aged 0-15 years in Great Britain and Ireland. More than 2000 cases were notified in the first two years. Notification suggested that there was a minimum yearly incidence of 7-67 cases per 100 000, though incidences varied from year to year and by geographical area. Several reports of simultaneous onset of diabetes in sibs of different ages provided evidence of clustering. A seasonal variation in incidence was found in children aged 5-15 years with peaks in the autumn and winter. The age distribution was bimodal with a main peak at about 11 years and a secondary peak at about 5 years. The sex ratio showed a male excess from 0-4 years and from 11-15 years and a female excess from 5-10 years. Overall there were slightly more male cases. Altogether 11% of patients had a first-degree relative with diabetes. The register and several investigations based on it will continue.
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110
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Weakliem HA, Channin DJ, Bloom A. Determination of refractive index changes in photosensitive polymer films by an optical waveguide technique. APPLIED OPTICS 1975; 14:560-561. [PMID: 20134926 DOI: 10.1364/ao.14.000560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
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111
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Bloom A. Diet in the Control of Insulin Dependent Diabetes. Int J Food Sci Nutr 1975. [DOI: 10.3109/09637487509144275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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112
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Barnes AJ, Garbien KJ, Crowley MF, Bloom A. Effect of short and long term chlorpropamide treatment of insulin release and blood-glucose. Lancet 1974; 2:69-72. [PMID: 4136696 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(74)91634-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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113
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Shaw KM, Tillyer CR, Morgan PG, Bloom A. Letter: Small doses of intramuscular insulin in the treatment of diabetic "coma". Lancet 1974; 1:1115-6. [PMID: 4135495 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(74)90599-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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114
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Smith ME, Butterfield WJ, Bloom A. Register of children with diabetes. Lancet 1973; 1:148. [PMID: 4118485 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(73)90213-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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115
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Butterfield WJ, Bloom A. Register of children with diabetes. Lancet 1972; 2:1197. [PMID: 4117615 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(72)92617-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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116
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117
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Bloom A. Oral therapy in diabetes. JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS OF LONDON 1972; 7:61-8. [PMID: 4627653 PMCID: PMC5368809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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118
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119
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Abstract
A case of severe lactic acidosis is described in a diabetic taking phenformin who was otherwise healthy. Substitution of metformin for phenformin did not lead to a recurrence of the lactic acidosis.
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120
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Bloom A. Need for Continued Oral Therapy in Diabetes. West J Med 1972. [DOI: 10.1136/bmj.2.5812.529-b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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121
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Radonovich LJ, Bloom A, Hoard JL. Stereochemistry of low-spin iron porphyrins. II. Bis(piperidine)- , , , -tetraphenylporphinatoiron(II). J Am Chem Soc 1972; 94:2073-8. [PMID: 4335729 DOI: 10.1021/ja00761a046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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122
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Tomkins AM, Bloom A. Assessment of the need for continued oral therapy in diabetics. BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL 1972; 1:649-51. [PMID: 5015290 PMCID: PMC1787772 DOI: 10.1136/bmj.1.5801.649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Hypoglycaemic agents were replaced by placebos in diabetic patients attending a hospital clinic. Of 62 patients observed, 43 (69%) relapsed within six months but blood sugar control remained unchanged in 19 (31%) during the period of observation.
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123
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Bloom A, Heath H, Kelsey J, Hunter P, Brigden W. The Use of the Roth-Keeler Central Field Scotometer in the Study of Diabetic Retinopathy. Ophthalmic Res 1972. [DOI: 10.1159/000266189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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124
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Heath H, Brigden WD, Canever JV, Pollock J, Hunter PR, Kelsey J, Bloom A. Platelet adhesiveness and aggregation in relation to diabetic retinopathy. Diabetologia 1971; 7:308-15. [PMID: 5134253 DOI: 10.1007/bf01219463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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125
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Schmickel R, Bloom A, Work B, Jaffe R. Amniocentesis in early pregnancy: prenatal detection of genetic disease. MICHIGAN MEDICINE 1971; 70:611-3. [PMID: 5106404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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126
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Bloom A. Obesity and diabetes; a review. Postgrad Med J 1971; 47:Suppl:430-4. [PMID: 4934635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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127
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Hunter PR, Bloom A, Kelsey JH, Porter R. Cutaneous capillary resistance and retinal haemorrhage in diabetes. Diabetologia 1971; 7:20-4. [PMID: 5548170 DOI: 10.1007/bf02346249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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128
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Bloom A. Suppositories. THE PRACTITIONER 1971; 206:85-90. [PMID: 5540199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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129
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130
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Abstract
Forty-one diabetic patients on insulin were given 100mg. of phenformin daily for six weeks, either before or after a period of six weeks of inert capsules, in a double-blind cross-over trial. Eleven patients while on phenformin noticed hypoglycaemic effects and reduced their insulin on average by almost 20% without resultant rise in blood sugar levels. Twenty-eight patients felt no untoward effects and maintained their usual insulin dose. Phenformin led to improved control of the diabetes, with a significant decrease in blood sugar levels and a significant reduction in the variability of the weekly blood sugar readings. There was no increased ketosis, no change in cholesterol, and no significant loss of weight.
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131
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Cotton SG, Bloom A, Dent CE. Tertiary hyperparathyroidism with fluctuating serum calcium levels. Proc R Soc Med 1969; 62:737-8. [PMID: 5803533 PMCID: PMC1815513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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132
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Bloom A. Chairman's concluding summary. Postgrad Med J 1969; 45:67-8. [PMID: 5364318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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133
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Bloom A. The place of phenformin in the treatment of diabetes. Postgrad Med J 1969; 45:5-7. [PMID: 5364316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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134
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135
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Hunter PR, Cotton SG, Kelsey JH, Bloom A. Controlled trial of methandienone in treatment of diabetic retinopathy. BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL 1967; 3:651-3. [PMID: 6038339 PMCID: PMC1842950 DOI: 10.1136/bmj.3.5566.651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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136
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Bloom A. Relation of the complications of diabetes to the clinical state. Proc R Soc Med 1967; 60:149-52. [PMID: 6066881 PMCID: PMC1901566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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137
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Bloom A, Turner RC. Hypogonadism and muscular dystrophy. Proc R Soc Med 1966; 59:1001-2. [PMID: 5955755 PMCID: PMC1901088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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138
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Bloom A, Turner RC. Hypogonadism and Muscular Dystrophy. Proc R Soc Med 1966. [DOI: 10.1177/003591576605901026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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139
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Kemball MG, Bloom A. Clinical application of "Dextrostix" in estimating blood glucose levels. Diabetologia 1966; 1:245-7. [PMID: 24173309 DOI: 10.1007/bf01257919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/1965] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
1. In its present form Dextrostix does not provide a reliable measure of blood glucose. 2. When modified and simplified it proved of great value in the management of diabetes in certain clinical situations.
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140
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Bloom A. Oral Hypoglycaemic Agents. West J Med 1963. [DOI: 10.1136/bmj.1.5334.881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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141
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Bloom A. Betamethasone. West J Med 1961. [DOI: 10.1136/bmj.2.5254.767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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142
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Bowdler AJ, Bloom A. Acromegaly Hyperparathyroidism and Diabetes Mellitus. Proc R Soc Med 1961; 54:340-342. [PMID: 19994105 PMCID: PMC1870336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
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143
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Bloom A. Standardization of Insulin. West J Med 1958. [DOI: 10.1136/bmj.1.5076.942-c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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144
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Bloom A. Pompage optique des atomes alcalins dans un gaz étranger sous haute pression et détermination de la distribution de spin. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1958. [DOI: 10.1051/jphysrad:019580019011088100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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145
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146
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Bloom A. Addison's Disease Presenting as Psychosis. Proc R Soc Med 1954; 47:435-436. [PMID: 19993822 PMCID: PMC1918884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
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