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Abstract
Abstract
This paper reports the design and safety analysis results of the helium cooled solid breeder blanket of the Chinese Fusion Engineering Test Reactor (CFETR). Materials selection and basic structure of the blanket have been presented. Performance analysis including neutronics analysis and thermo-mechanical analysis has shown good results. And the safety analysis of the blanket under Loss Of Coolant Accident (LOCA) conditions has been described. Results showed the current design can deal well with the selected accident scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Wang
- School of Nuclear Science and Technology , University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, Anhui , China
| | - G. Zhou
- School of Nuclear Science and Technology , University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, Anhui , China
| | - Z. Lv
- School of Nuclear Science and Technology , University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, Anhui , China
| | - C. Jin
- School of Nuclear Science and Technology , University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, Anhui , China
| | - H. Chen
- School of Nuclear Science and Technology , University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, Anhui , China
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102
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Tong H, Jin Y, Xu Y, Zou B, Ye H, Wu H, Kumar S, Pitman JL, Zhou G, Song Q. Prenatal diagnosis of trisomy 21, 18 and 13 by quantitative pyrosequencing of segmental duplications. Clin Genet 2016; 90:451-455. [PMID: 26948280 DOI: 10.1111/cge.12772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2015] [Revised: 03/02/2016] [Accepted: 03/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Chromosomal aberration mostly occurs in chromosomes 21, 18 and 13, with an incidence approximately 1 out of 160 live births in humans, therefore making prenatal diagnosis necessary in clinics. Current methods have drawbacks such as time consuming, high cost, complicated operations and low sensitivity. In this paper, a novel method for rapid and accurate prenatal diagnosis of aneuploidy is proposed based on pyrosequencing, which quantitatively detects the peak height ratio (PHR) of different bases of segmental duplication. A direct polymerase chain reaction (PCR) approach was undertaken, where a small volume of amniotic fluid was used as the starting material without DNA extraction. Single-stranded DNA was prepared from PCR products and subsequently analyzed using pyrosequencing. The PHR between target and reference chromosome of 2.2 for euploid and 3:2 for a trisomy fetus were used as reference. The reference intervals and z scores were calculated for discrimination of aneuploidy. A total of 132 samples were collected, within trisomy 21 (n = 11), trisomy 18 (n = 3), trisomy 13 (n = 2), and unaffected controls (n = 116). A set of six segmental duplications were chosen for analysis. This method had consistent results with karyotyping analysis, a correct diagnosis with 100% sensitivity and 99.9% specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Tong
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance of Ministry of Education, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Y Jin
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance of Ministry of Education, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Y Xu
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance of Ministry of Education, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - B Zou
- Department of pharmacology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - H Ye
- Department of pharmacology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - H Wu
- Department of pharmacology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - S Kumar
- School of Biological Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - J L Pitman
- School of Biological Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - G Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance of Ministry of Education, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China. .,Department of pharmacology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Q Song
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance of Ministry of Education, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China. .,Department of pharmacology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
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103
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Song X, Gu H, Wang M, Zhou G, Li Q. Management practices regulate the response of Moso bamboo foliar stoichiometry to nitrogen deposition. Sci Rep 2016; 6:24107. [PMID: 27052002 PMCID: PMC4823648 DOI: 10.1038/srep24107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2015] [Accepted: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Moso bamboo, well known for its high growth rate, is being subjected to increasing amounts of nitrogen deposition. However, how anthropogenic management practices regulate the effects of N deposition on Moso bamboo stoichiometry remains poorly understood. We observed the effects of two years of simulated N deposition (30, 60 and 90 kg N ha(-1)yr(-1)) on the foliar stoichiometry of Moso bamboo plantations under conventional management (CM) and intensive management (IM). Young bamboo had significantly greater foliar N and P concentrations and N:P ratios than mature plants (P < 0.05). IM significantly increased the foliar N concentrations of young bamboo and P concentrations of mature bamboo but decreased mature bamboo foliar N:P ratios (P < 0.05). Nitrogen increased foliar N and P concentrations in IM bamboo plantations, but the positive effects were diminished when the addition rate exceeded 60 kg N ha(-1)yr(-1). Nitrogen increased foliar N concentrations but aggravated P deficiency in CM bamboo plantations. The positive effects of N deposition on foliar stoichiometry were influenced by management practices and bamboo growth stage. The effects of N deposition on foliar stoichiometry combined with anthropogenic management practices can influence ecosystem production, decomposition, and subsequent N and P cycles in Moso bamboo plantations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinzhang Song
- The Nurturing Station for the State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin’an, 311300, China
| | - Honghao Gu
- The Nurturing Station for the State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin’an, 311300, China
| | - Meng Wang
- Laboratory for Ecological Forecasting and Global Change, College of Forestry, Northwest Agriculture and Forest University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Guomo Zhou
- The Nurturing Station for the State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin’an, 311300, China
| | - Quan Li
- The Nurturing Station for the State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin’an, 311300, China
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104
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Mu S, Han L, Zhou G, Mo C, Duan J, He Z, Wang Z, Ren L, Zhang J. Protein regulation of induced pluripotent stem cells by transplanting in a Huntington's animal model. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol 2016; 42:521-34. [PMID: 26859760 DOI: 10.1111/nan.12315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2015] [Revised: 01/25/2016] [Accepted: 02/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Mu
- Psychology & Social College of Shenzhen University; Shenzhen China
| | - L. Han
- School of Medicine; Shenzhen University; Shenzhen China
| | - G. Zhou
- School of Medicine; Shenzhen University; Shenzhen China
| | - C. Mo
- School of Medicine; Shenzhen University; Shenzhen China
| | - J. Duan
- School of Medicine; Shenzhen University; Shenzhen China
| | - Z. He
- School of Medicine; Shenzhen University; Shenzhen China
| | - Z. Wang
- Department of Neurology; Shenzhen Shekou People's Hospital; Shenzhen China
| | - L. Ren
- Department of Neurology; Shenzhen Second People's Hospital (First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University); Shenzhen China
| | - J. Zhang
- School of Medicine; Shenzhen University; Shenzhen China
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105
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ali
- College of Food Science and Technology, China
| | - N Rajput
- Nanjing Agricultural University, China
| | - C Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, China
| | - W Zhang
- College of Food Science and Technology, China
| | - G Zhou
- College of Food Science and Technology, China
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106
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Silver N, Osman A, Patel A, Tanaka N, Tang L, Zhou G, Myers J. A Novel Third Generation Thiosemicarbazone, COTI-2, Is Highly Effective in Killing Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinomas (HNSCC) Bearing a Variety of TP53 Mutations. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2015.12.272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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107
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Hu J, Zhou J, Zhou G, Luo Y, Xu X, Li P, Liang J. Improving Estimations of Spatial Distribution of Soil Respiration Using the Bayesian Maximum Entropy Algorithm and Soil Temperature as Auxiliary Data. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0146589. [PMID: 26807579 PMCID: PMC4726581 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0146589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2015] [Accepted: 12/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Soil respiration inherently shows strong spatial variability. It is difficult to obtain an accurate characterization of soil respiration with an insufficient number of monitoring points. However, it is expensive and cumbersome to deploy many sensors. To solve this problem, we proposed employing the Bayesian Maximum Entropy (BME) algorithm, using soil temperature as auxiliary information, to study the spatial distribution of soil respiration. The BME algorithm used the soft data (auxiliary information) effectively to improve the estimation accuracy of the spatiotemporal distribution of soil respiration. Based on the functional relationship between soil temperature and soil respiration, the BME algorithm satisfactorily integrated soil temperature data into said spatial distribution. As a means of comparison, we also applied the Ordinary Kriging (OK) and Co-Kriging (Co-OK) methods. The results indicated that the root mean squared errors (RMSEs) and absolute values of bias for both Day 1 and Day 2 were the lowest for the BME method, thus demonstrating its higher estimation accuracy. Further, we compared the performance of the BME algorithm coupled with auxiliary information, namely soil temperature data, and the OK method without auxiliary information in the same study area for 9, 21, and 37 sampled points. The results showed that the RMSEs for the BME algorithm (0.972 and 1.193) were less than those for the OK method (1.146 and 1.539) when the number of sampled points was 9 and 37, respectively. This indicates that the former method using auxiliary information could reduce the required number of sampling points for studying spatial distribution of soil respiration. Thus, the BME algorithm, coupled with soil temperature data, can not only improve the accuracy of soil respiration spatial interpolation but can also reduce the number of sampling points.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junguo Hu
- Information Engineering College of Zhejiang A & F University, Linan, PR China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Forestry Intelligent Monitoring and Information Technology Research, Linan, PR China
| | - Jian Zhou
- Information Engineering College of Zhejiang A & F University, Linan, PR China
| | - Guomo Zhou
- Information Engineering College of Zhejiang A & F University, Linan, PR China
- * E-mail:
| | - Yiqi Luo
- Department of Microbiology and Plant Biology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma, United States of America
| | - Xiaojun Xu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Forestry Intelligent Monitoring and Information Technology Research, Linan, PR China
| | - Pingheng Li
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Forestry Intelligent Monitoring and Information Technology Research, Linan, PR China
| | - Junyi Liang
- Department of Microbiology and Plant Biology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma, United States of America
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108
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Yuan W, Cai W, Chen Y, Liu S, Dong W, Zhang H, Yu G, Chen Z, He H, Guo W, Liu D, Liu S, Xiang W, Xie Z, Zhao Z, Zhou G. Severe summer heatwave and drought strongly reduced carbon uptake in Southern China. Sci Rep 2016; 6:18813. [PMID: 26739761 PMCID: PMC4703972 DOI: 10.1038/srep18813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2015] [Accepted: 11/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing heatwave and drought events can potentially alter the carbon cycle. Few studies have investigated the impacts of hundred-year return heatwaves and droughts, as those events are rare. In the summer of 2013, southern China experienced its strongest drought and heatwave on record for the past 113 years. We show that the record-breaking heatwave and drought lasted two months (from July to August), significantly reduced the satellite-based vegetation index and gross primary production, substantially altered the regional carbon cycle, and produced the largest negative crop yield anomaly since 1960. The event resulted in a net reduction of 101.54 Tg C in carbon sequestration in the region during these two months, which was 39-53% of the annual net carbon sink of China's terrestrial ecosystems (190-260 Tg C yr(-1)). Moreover, model experiments showed that heatwaves and droughts consistently decreased ecosystem vegetation primary production but had opposite impacts on ecosystem respiration (TER), with increased TER by 6.78 ± 2.15% and decreased TER by 15.34 ± 3.57% assuming only changed temperature and precipitation, respectively. In light of increasing frequency and severity of future heatwaves and droughts, our study highlights the importance of accounting for the impacts of heatwaves and droughts in assessing the carbon sequestration in terrestrial ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenping Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
- State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Sciences, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Wenwen Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Yang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Shuguang Liu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Applied Technology of Forestry & Ecology in South China, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, Hunan, China
| | - Wenjie Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Haicheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Guirui Yu
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Synthesis Research Center of Chinese Ecosystem Research Network, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Zhuoqi Chen
- College of Global Change and Earth System Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Honglin He
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Synthesis Research Center of Chinese Ecosystem Research Network, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Weidong Guo
- Institute for Climate and Global Change Research & School of Atmospheric Sciences, Nanjing University, China
| | - Dan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Shaoming Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, School of Geography, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Wenhua Xiang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Applied Technology of Forestry & Ecology in South China, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, Hunan, China
| | - Zhenghui Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhonghui Zhao
- National Engineering Laboratory for Applied Technology of Forestry & Ecology in South China, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, Hunan, China
| | - Guomo Zhou
- Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Lin’an 311300, China
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109
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Zhou G, Yu J, Wang A, Liu SH, Sinnett-Smith J, Wu J, Sanchez R, Nemunaitis J, Ricordi C, Rozengurt E, Brunicardi FC. Metformin Restrains Pancreatic Duodenal Homeobox-1 (PDX-1) Function by Inhibiting ERK Signaling in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma. Curr Mol Med 2016; 16:83-90. [PMID: 26695692 PMCID: PMC4994969 DOI: 10.2174/1566524016666151222145551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2015] [Revised: 11/20/2015] [Accepted: 12/15/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most potent and perilous diseases known, with a median survival rate of 3-5 months due to the combination of only advanced stage diagnosis and ineffective therapeutic options. Metformin (1,1-Dimethylbiguanide hydrochloride), the leading drug used for type 2 diabetes mellitus, emerges as a potential therapy for PDAC and other human cancers. Metformin exerts its anticancer action via a variety of adenosine monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK)- dependent and/or AMPK-independent mechanisms. We present data here showing that metformin downregulated pancreatic transcription factor pancreatic duodenal homeobox-1 (PDX-1), suggesting a potential novel mechanism by which metformin exerts its anticancer action. Metformin inhibited PDX-1 expression at both protein and mRNA levels and PDX-1 transactivity as well in PDAC cells. Extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) was identified as a PDX-1-interacting protein by antibody array screening in GFP-PDX-1 stable HEK293 cells. Co-transfection of ERK1 with PDX-1 resulted in an enhanced PDX-1 expression in HEK293 cells in a dose-dependent manner. Immunoprecipitation/Western blotting analysis confirmed the ERK-PDX-1 interaction in PANC-1 cells stimulated by epidermal growth factor (EGF). EGF induced an enhanced PDX-1 expression in PANC-1 cells and this stimulation was inhibited by MEK inhibitor PD0325901. Metformin inhibited EGF-stimulated PDX-1 expression with an accompanied inhibition of ERK kinase activation in PANC- 1 cells. Taken together, our studies show that PDX-1 is a potential novel target for metformin in PDAC cells and that metformin may exert its anticancer action in PDAC by down-regulating PDX-1 via a mechanism involving inhibition of ERK signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - F C Brunicardi
- Department of Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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110
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Wiens MO, Kumbakumba E, Larson CP, Ansermino JM, Singer J, Kissoon N, Wong H, Ndamira A, Kabakyenga J, Kiwanuka J, Zhou G. Postdischarge mortality in children with acute infectious diseases: derivation of postdischarge mortality prediction models. BMJ Open 2015; 5:e009449. [PMID: 26608641 PMCID: PMC4663423 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2015-009449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2015] [Accepted: 10/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To derive a model of paediatric postdischarge mortality following acute infectious illness. DESIGN Prospective cohort study. SETTING 2 hospitals in South-western Uganda. PARTICIPANTS 1307 children of 6 months to 5 years of age were admitted with a proven or suspected infection. 1242 children were discharged alive and followed up 6 months following discharge. The 6-month follow-up rate was 98.3%. INTERVENTIONS None. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES The primary outcome was postdischarge mortality within 6 months following the initial hospital discharge. RESULTS 64 children died during admission (5.0%) and 61 died within 6 months of discharge (4.9%). Of those who died following discharge, 31 (51%) occurred within the first 30 days. The final adjusted model for the prediction of postdischarge mortality included the variables mid-upper arm circumference (OR 0.95, 95% CI 0.94 to 0.97, per 1 mm increase), time since last hospitalisation (OR 0.76, 95% CI 0.61 to 0.93, for each increased period of no hospitalisation), oxygen saturation (OR 0.96, 95% CI 0.93 to 0·99, per 1% increase), abnormal Blantyre Coma Scale score (OR 2.39, 95% CI 1·18 to 4.83), and HIV-positive status (OR 2.98, 95% CI 1.36 to 6.53). This model produced a receiver operating characteristic curve with an area under the curve of 0.82. With sensitivity of 80%, our model had a specificity of 66%. Approximately 35% of children would be identified as high risk (11.1% mortality risk) and the remaining would be classified as low risk (1.4% mortality risk), in a similar cohort. CONCLUSIONS Mortality following discharge is a poorly recognised contributor to child mortality. Identification of at-risk children is critical in developing postdischarge interventions. A simple prediction tool that uses 5 easily collected variables can be used to identify children at high risk of death after discharge. Improved discharge planning and care could be provided for high-risk children.
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Affiliation(s)
- M O Wiens
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - E Kumbakumba
- Department of Pediatrics, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara, Uganda
| | - C P Larson
- Center for International Child Health, BC Children's Hospital, Child and Family Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada
| | - J M Ansermino
- Department of Pediatric Anesthesiology, BC Children's Hospital and University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - J Singer
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada Canadian HIV Trials Network, St. Paul's Hospital and University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - N Kissoon
- Department of Pediatrics, BC Children's Hospital and University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - H Wong
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - A Ndamira
- Department of Pediatrics, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara, Uganda
| | - J Kabakyenga
- Maternal, Newborn and Child Health Institute, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara, Uganda
| | - J Kiwanuka
- Department of Pediatrics, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara, Uganda
| | - G Zhou
- Department of Statistics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
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111
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Wang MZ, Ding LY, Gao J, Wang JF, Zhou G, Zhang J. Effects of dietary n-6/n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid ratios on the mass, and histological and ultrastructures of liver, spleen and thymus of 70-day-old Yangzhou goslings. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2015; 100:391-400. [PMID: 26356013 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.12371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2014] [Accepted: 06/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine the effects of dietary n-6/n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) ratios on the organ indexes, and histological and ultrastructures of organs including liver, spleen and thymus in 70-day-old Yangzhou goslings. One-hundred and sixty 21-day-old Yangzhou goslings were randomly divided into 4 groups and fed 4 diets varying in the n-6/n-3 PUFA ratio from 3:1 up to 12:1. After 1-week acclimation, the feeding experiment lasted for 6 weeks. At the end of the experimental period, goslings were slaughtered and the liver, spleen and thymus were weighed, and their histological and ultrastructures were examined. The results showed that the organ indices in the 3:1 group were remarkably higher than in the other three groups, whereas the mitochondrial square did not differ among four groups. The histological and ultrastructures of the liver, spleen and thymus were not affected by the diets with the lower n-6/n-3 PUFA ratios (3:1 and 6:1). However, feeding diets with the higher n-6/n-3 PUFA ratios (9:1 and 12:1), the nuclear chromatin was concentrated and marginalized; the cell membrane was contracted inwardly and disrupted; the mitochondrial membrane was damaged to some degree. In conclusion, the diet containing higher content of n-3 PUFA might improve immune capacity of goslings the animal by accelerating the growth and maintaining cellular structures of organs like liver, spleen and thymus.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Z Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - L Y Ding
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - J Gao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - J F Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - G Zhou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - J Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Yang Da Kang Yuan Dairy Company Limited, Yangzhou, China
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112
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Zhang L, Zhao W, Zheng Z, Wang T, Zhao C, Zhou G, Jin H, Wang B. Reduction of hydrogen sulfide synthesis enzymes in the esophagus of patients with achalasia: effect of hydrogen sulfide in achalasia. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2015; 27:1274-81. [PMID: 26087745 DOI: 10.1111/nmo.12621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2014] [Accepted: 05/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of the present study was to investigate whether the synthesis of endogenous hydrogen sulfide (H2 S) was altered in achalasia patients and to determine the effects of H2 S on esophageal motility. METHODS (1) Tissue samples in lower esophageal sphincter (LES) were obtained from 22 achalasia patients during peroral endoscopic myotomy. LES muscle from eight esophageal carcinoma patients was obtained as control. The expression of cystathionine-β-synthase (CBS) and cystathionine-γ-lyase (CSE) was detected by immunohistochemical staining. (2) Rabbit esophageal smooth muscle strips were used to measure isometric contractions. The effects of sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS) and L-cysteine on contractile activity and bethanechol-stimulated contractile activity were evaluated. The contraction of esophageal muscle strips was also measured after the inhibition of CBS and CSE by aminooxyacetic acid (AOA) and propargylglycine (PAG). KEY RESULTS Both CBS and CSE could be detected in biopsies from achalasia patients and controls. Compared with controls, the expression of CBS and CSE in the LES of achalasia patients was significantly reduced (p < 0.001). Both NaHS and L-cysteine concentration-dependently inhibited esophageal contractile activity (both p < 0.05). After inhibition of CBS and CSE by PAG and AOA, esophageal contractile activity increased significantly, and this effect could be restored by NaHS but not L-cysteine (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS & INFERENCES H2 S synthesis enzymes are significantly reduced in patients with achalasia compared with the controls. H2 S inhibits esophageal contractile activity concentration-dependently, and the inhibition of H2 S synthesis enzymes increases esophageal contractile activity. H2 S might be involved in the development of achalasia.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Zhang
- Department of Digestive Diseases, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - W Zhao
- Department of Digestive Diseases, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Z Zheng
- Department of Digestive Diseases, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - T Wang
- Department of Digestive Diseases, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - C Zhao
- Department of Digestive Diseases, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - G Zhou
- Department of Digestive Diseases, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - H Jin
- Department of Digestive Diseases, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - B Wang
- Department of Digestive Diseases, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
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Li P, Zhou G, Du H, Lu D, Mo L, Xu X, Shi Y, Zhou Y. Current and potential carbon stocks in Moso bamboo forests in China. J Environ Manage 2015; 156:89-96. [PMID: 25836664 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2015.03.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2014] [Revised: 03/17/2015] [Accepted: 03/20/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Bamboo forests provide important ecosystem services and play an important role in terrestrial carbon cycling. Of the approximately 500 bamboo species in China, Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys pubescens) is the most important one in terms of distribution, timber value, and other economic values. In this study, we estimated current and potential carbon stocks in China's Moso bamboo forests and in their products. The results showed that Moso bamboo forests in China stored about 611.15 ± 142.31 Tg C, 75% of which was in the top 60 cm soil, 22% in the biomass of Moso bamboos, and 3% in the ground layer (i.e., bamboo litter, shrub, and herb layers). Moso bamboo products store 10.19 ± 2.54 Tg C per year. The potential carbon stocks reach 1331.4 ± 325.1 Tg C, while the potential C stored in products is 29.22 ± 7.31 Tg C a(-1). Our results indicate that Moso bamboo forests and products play a critical role in C sequestration. The information gained in this study will facilitate policy decisions concerning carbon sequestration and management of Moso bamboo forests in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pingheng Li
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbon Cycling in Forest Ecosystems and Carbon Sequestration, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Lin'an 311300, Zhejiang Province, China; School of Environmental and Resources Science, Zhejiang A & F University, Lin'an 311300, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Guomo Zhou
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbon Cycling in Forest Ecosystems and Carbon Sequestration, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Lin'an 311300, Zhejiang Province, China; School of Environmental and Resources Science, Zhejiang A & F University, Lin'an 311300, Zhejiang Province, China.
| | - Huaqiang Du
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbon Cycling in Forest Ecosystems and Carbon Sequestration, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Lin'an 311300, Zhejiang Province, China; School of Environmental and Resources Science, Zhejiang A & F University, Lin'an 311300, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Dengsheng Lu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbon Cycling in Forest Ecosystems and Carbon Sequestration, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Lin'an 311300, Zhejiang Province, China; School of Environmental and Resources Science, Zhejiang A & F University, Lin'an 311300, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Lufeng Mo
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbon Cycling in Forest Ecosystems and Carbon Sequestration, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Lin'an 311300, Zhejiang Province, China; School of Information Engineering, Zhejiang A & F University, Lin'an 311300, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xiaojun Xu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbon Cycling in Forest Ecosystems and Carbon Sequestration, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Lin'an 311300, Zhejiang Province, China; School of Environmental and Resources Science, Zhejiang A & F University, Lin'an 311300, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yongjun Shi
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbon Cycling in Forest Ecosystems and Carbon Sequestration, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Lin'an 311300, Zhejiang Province, China; School of Environmental and Resources Science, Zhejiang A & F University, Lin'an 311300, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yufeng Zhou
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbon Cycling in Forest Ecosystems and Carbon Sequestration, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Lin'an 311300, Zhejiang Province, China; School of Environmental and Resources Science, Zhejiang A & F University, Lin'an 311300, Zhejiang Province, China
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Shen L, Zhou G, Zhao J, Li P, Xu Q, Dong Y, Zhang Z. Pulsed dye laser therapy for infantile hemangiomas: a systemic review and meta-analysis. QJM 2015; 108:473-80. [PMID: 25376585 DOI: 10.1093/qjmed/hcu206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Infantile hemangiomas (IH) are common pediatric tumors. This meta-analysis was performed to review the therapeutic efficacy and safety of pulsed dye laser (PDL) in the treatment of IH. METHODS Seven databases were searched, including PubMed, OvidSP, Karger, Elsevier, EMBASE, Web of Science and Wiley Online Library. The review collected the characteristics of year of publication, hemangiomas cases, prior treatment, laser parameters, adverse side, pretreatment symptom, and number of response from all articles. RESULTS A total of 1580 studies were identified, the first round search retrieved 39 articles met inclusion criteria. Of those, only 13 articles with 1529 hemangiomas were included in the meta-analysis. This meta-analysis demonstrated an overall resolution rate of 89.1% with 6.28% incidence of adverse effect. CONCLUSION PDL may be the effective modality to decrease the proliferative phase and accelerate rates of involution and resolution with few adverse events.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Shen
- From the Department of Oral Maxillofacial-Head Neck Oncology, Laser&Cosmetic Center, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China, VIP Department, Stomatology Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China From the Department of Oral Maxillofacial-Head Neck Oncology, Laser&Cosmetic Center, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China, VIP Department, Stomatology Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - G Zhou
- From the Department of Oral Maxillofacial-Head Neck Oncology, Laser&Cosmetic Center, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China, VIP Department, Stomatology Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China From the Department of Oral Maxillofacial-Head Neck Oncology, Laser&Cosmetic Center, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China, VIP Department, Stomatology Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - J Zhao
- From the Department of Oral Maxillofacial-Head Neck Oncology, Laser&Cosmetic Center, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China, VIP Department, Stomatology Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - P Li
- From the Department of Oral Maxillofacial-Head Neck Oncology, Laser&Cosmetic Center, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China, VIP Department, Stomatology Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Q Xu
- From the Department of Oral Maxillofacial-Head Neck Oncology, Laser&Cosmetic Center, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China, VIP Department, Stomatology Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Y Dong
- From the Department of Oral Maxillofacial-Head Neck Oncology, Laser&Cosmetic Center, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China, VIP Department, Stomatology Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Z Zhang
- From the Department of Oral Maxillofacial-Head Neck Oncology, Laser&Cosmetic Center, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China, VIP Department, Stomatology Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China From the Department of Oral Maxillofacial-Head Neck Oncology, Laser&Cosmetic Center, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China, VIP Department, Stomatology Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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Gong H, Zhu W, Zhang J, Li X, Meng Q, Zhou G, Wang M, Wang H, Miao L, Qin Q, Zhang H. TTAGG-repeat telomeres and characterization of telomerase in the beet armyworm, Spodoptera exigua (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Insect Mol Biol 2015; 24:358-367. [PMID: 25689229 DOI: 10.1111/imb.12163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Telomeres are maintained usually by telomerase, a specialized reverse transcriptase that adds this sequence to chromosome ends. In this study, telomerase activity was detected in the in different somatic tissues, such as midgut and fat bodies, by the telomeric repeat amplification protocol (TRAP) in Spodoptera exigua. The structure of the telomeres of S. exigua was evaluated by sequence analysis of the TRAP products, revealing that the telomerase synthesized a (TTAGG)n repeat. The presence of a telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) subunit coding gene has been cloned, sequenced and expressed in vitro successively. Notably, the S. exigua telomerase (SpexTERT) gene structure lacks the N-terminal GQ motif. Telomerase contains a large RNA subunit, TER, and a protein catalytic subunit, TERT. Here we report an in vitro system that was reconstructed by all components of the telomerase complex, a purified recombinant SpexTERT without a N-terminal GQ motif and a mutant human telomerase RNA (TER), showed telomerase activity. Together, these results suggest the GQ motif is not essential for telomerase catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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Liu D, Zhang Q, Sun Y, Wang C, Zhang Y, Fu X, Chen M, Zhou G, Yu X, Wang J, Liu H, Zhang F. Drug resistance inMycobacterium lepraefrom patients with leprosy in China. Clin Exp Dermatol 2015; 40:908-11. [DOI: 10.1111/ced.12665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D. Liu
- Shandong Provincial Institute of Dermatology and Venereology; Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences; Jinan Shandong China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Dermatovenereology; Jinan Shandong China
- School of Medicine and Life Sciences; University of Jinan-Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences; Jinan Shandong China
| | - Q. Zhang
- School of Medicine; Shandong University; Jinan China
| | - Y. Sun
- Shandong Provincial Institute of Dermatology and Venereology; Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences; Jinan Shandong China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Dermatovenereology; Jinan Shandong China
| | - C. Wang
- Shandong Provincial Institute of Dermatology and Venereology; Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences; Jinan Shandong China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Dermatovenereology; Jinan Shandong China
| | - Y. Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Institute of Dermatology and Venereology; Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences; Jinan Shandong China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Dermatovenereology; Jinan Shandong China
- School of Medicine and Life Sciences; University of Jinan-Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences; Jinan Shandong China
| | - X. Fu
- Shandong Provincial Institute of Dermatology and Venereology; Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences; Jinan Shandong China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Dermatovenereology; Jinan Shandong China
| | - M. Chen
- Shandong Provincial Institute of Dermatology and Venereology; Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences; Jinan Shandong China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Dermatovenereology; Jinan Shandong China
| | - G. Zhou
- Shandong Provincial Institute of Dermatology and Venereology; Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences; Jinan Shandong China
| | - X. Yu
- Shandong Provincial Institute of Dermatology and Venereology; Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences; Jinan Shandong China
| | - J. Wang
- Shandong Provincial Institute of Dermatology and Venereology; Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences; Jinan Shandong China
| | - H. Liu
- Shandong Provincial Institute of Dermatology and Venereology; Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences; Jinan Shandong China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Dermatovenereology; Jinan Shandong China
- Shandong Provincial Hospital for Skin Diseases; Shandong University; Jinan Shandong China
- Shandong Provincial Medical Center for Dermatovenereology; Jinan Shandong China
| | - F. Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Institute of Dermatology and Venereology; Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences; Jinan Shandong China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Dermatovenereology; Jinan Shandong China
- Shandong Provincial Hospital for Skin Diseases; Shandong University; Jinan Shandong China
- Shandong Provincial Medical Center for Dermatovenereology; Jinan Shandong China
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Xu S, Yan Z, Jang KI, Huang W, Fu H, Kim J, Wei Z, Flavin M, McCracken J, Wang R, Badea A, Liu Y, Xiao D, Zhou G, Lee J, Chung HU, Cheng H, Ren W, Banks A, Li X, Paik U, Nuzzo RG, Huang Y, Zhang Y, Rogers JA. Assembly of micro/nanomaterials into complex, three-dimensional architectures by compressive buckling. Science 2015; 347:154-9. [DOI: 10.1126/science.1260960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 615] [Impact Index Per Article: 68.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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118
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Jia P, Chen G, Li R, Rong X, Zhou G, Zhong Y. Ginsenoside Rb1 Reduces Nitric Oxide Production via Inhibition of Nuclear Factor-κB Activation in Interleukin-1β- Stimulated SW1353 Chondrosarcoma Cells. TROP J PHARM RES 2014. [DOI: 10.4314/tjpr.v13i7.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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119
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Liu P, Zeng F, Yang F, Wang J, Liu X, Wang Q, Zhou G, Zhang D, Zhu M, Zhao R, Wang A, Gong Q, Liang F. Altered structural covariance of the striatum in functional dyspepsia patients. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2014; 26:1144-54. [PMID: 24865440 DOI: 10.1111/nmo.12372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2013] [Accepted: 05/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Functional dyspepsia (FD) is thought to be involved in dysregulation within the brain-gut axis. Recently, altered striatum activation has been reported in patients with FD. However, the gray matter (GM) volumes in the striatum and structural covariance patterns of this area are rarely explored. The purpose of this study was to examine the GM volumes and structural covariance patterns of the striatum between FD patients and healthy controls (HCs). METHODS T1-weighted magnetic resonance images were obtained from 44 FD patients and 39 HCs. Voxel-based morphometry (VBM) analysis was adopted to examine the GM volumes in the two groups. The caudate- or putamen-related regions identified from VBM analysis were then used as seeds to map the whole brain voxel-wise structural covariance patterns. Finally, a correlation analysis was used to investigate the effects of FD symptoms on the striatum. KEY RESULTS The results showed increased GM volumes in the bilateral putamen and right caudate. Compared with the structural covariance patterns of the HCs, the FD-related differences were mainly located in the amygdala, hippocampus/parahippocampus (HIPP/paraHIPP), thalamus, lingual gyrus, and cerebellum. And significant positive correlations were found between the volumes in the striatum and the FD duration in the patients. CONCLUSIONS & INFERENCES These findings provided preliminary evidence for GM changes in the striatum and different structural covariance patterns in patients with FD. The current results might expand our understanding of the pathophysiology of FD.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Liu
- Life Science Research Center, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, China
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Bai B, Du JY, Lu QL, He CY, Zhang LJ, Zhou G, Xia XC, He ZH, Wang CS. Effective Resistance to Wheat Stripe Rust in a Region with High Disease Pressure. Plant Dis 2014; 98:891-897. [PMID: 30708850 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-09-13-0909-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Stripe rust is a major fungal disease of wheat. It frequently becomes epidemic in southeastern Gansu province, a stripe rust hot spot in China. Evaluations of wheat germplasm response are crucial for developing cultivars to control the disease. In total, 57 wheat cultivars and lines from Europe and other countries, comprising 36 cultivars with documented stripe rust resistance genes and 21 with unknown genes, were tested annually with multiple races of Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici in the field at Tianshui in Gansu province from 1993 to 2013. Seven wheat lines were highly resistant, with infection type (IT) 0 during the entire period; 16 were moderately resistant (IT 0;-2); and 26 were moderately susceptible (IT 0;-4), with low maximum disease severity compared with the susceptible control Huixianhong. 'Strampelli' and 'Libellula', with three and five quantitative trait loci, respectively, for stripe rust resistance have displayed durable resistance in this region for four decades. Ten cultivars, including 'Lantian 15', 'Lantian 26', and 'Lantian 31', with stripe rust resistance derived from European lines, were developed in our breeding program and have made a significant impact on controlling stripe rust in southeastern Gansu. Breeding resistant cultivars with multiple adult-plant resistance genes seems to be a promising strategy in wheat breeding for managing stripe rust in this region and other hot spots.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas/College of Agronomy, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China, and Wheat Research Institute, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 1 Nongkeyuanxincun, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - J Y Du
- Wheat Research Institute, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences
| | - Q L Lu
- Wheat Research Institute, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences
| | - C Y He
- Wheat Research Institute, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences
| | - L J Zhang
- Wheat Research Institute, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences
| | - G Zhou
- Wheat Research Institute, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences
| | - X C Xia
- Institute of Crop Science, National Wheat Improvement Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing 100081
| | - Z H He
- Institute of Crop Science, National Wheat Improvement Center, CAAS, Beijing, and International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), CIMMYT China Office, c/o CAAS, Beijing
| | - C S Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas/College of Agronomy, Shaanxi
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121
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Li B, Song Z, Wang H, Li Z, Jiang P, Zhou G. Lithological control on phytolith carbon sequestration in moso bamboo forests. Sci Rep 2014; 4:5262. [PMID: 24918576 PMCID: PMC5381504 DOI: 10.1038/srep05262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2014] [Accepted: 05/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Phytolith-occluded carbon (PhytOC) is a stable carbon (C) fraction that has effects on long-term global C balance. Here, we report the phytolith and PhytOC accumulation in moso bamboo leaves developed on four types of parent materials. The results show that PhytOC content of moso bamboo varies with parent material in the order of granodiorite (2.0 g kg(-1)) > granite (1.6 g kg(-1)) > basalt (1.3 g kg(-1)) > shale (0.7 g kg(-1)). PhytOC production flux of moso bamboo on four types of parent materials varies significantly from 1.0 to 64.8 kg CO₂ ha(-1) yr(-1), thus a net 4.7 × 10(6) -310.8 × 10(6) kg CO₂ yr(-1) would be sequestered by moso bamboo phytoliths in China. The phytolith C sequestration rate in moso bamboo of China will continue to increase in the following decades due to nationwide bamboo afforestation/reforestation, demonstrating the potential of bamboo in regulating terrestrial C balance. Management practices such as afforestation of bamboo in granodiorite area and granodiorite powder amendment may further enhance phytolith C sequestration through bamboo plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beilei Li
- School of Environment and Resources, Zhejiang Agricultural and Forestry University, Lin'an, Zhejiang 311300, China
| | - Zhaoliang Song
- School of Environment and Resources, Zhejiang Agricultural and Forestry University, Lin'an, Zhejiang 311300, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbon Cycling in Forest Ecosystems and Carbon Sequestration, Zhejiang A & F University, Lin'an, Zhejiang 311300, China
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guizhou, P.R. China
| | - Hailong Wang
- School of Environment and Resources, Zhejiang Agricultural and Forestry University, Lin'an, Zhejiang 311300, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbon Cycling in Forest Ecosystems and Carbon Sequestration, Zhejiang A & F University, Lin'an, Zhejiang 311300, China
| | - Zimin Li
- School of Environment and Resources, Zhejiang Agricultural and Forestry University, Lin'an, Zhejiang 311300, China
- Tea Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences and the Key Laboratory for Plant Biology and Resource Application of Tea, the Ministry of Agriculture, China, 310008
| | - Peikun Jiang
- School of Environment and Resources, Zhejiang Agricultural and Forestry University, Lin'an, Zhejiang 311300, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbon Cycling in Forest Ecosystems and Carbon Sequestration, Zhejiang A & F University, Lin'an, Zhejiang 311300, China
| | - Guomo Zhou
- School of Environment and Resources, Zhejiang Agricultural and Forestry University, Lin'an, Zhejiang 311300, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbon Cycling in Forest Ecosystems and Carbon Sequestration, Zhejiang A & F University, Lin'an, Zhejiang 311300, China
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Liu T, Pei H, Xu D, Zhang Y, Wan J, Wu X, Zhang X, Sun F, He J, Li P, Tian N, Wang J, Chen W, Zhou G. GANRA-5 protects mice from X-ray irradiation-induced dysfunction of the immune system. Free Radic Res 2014; 48:875-82. [DOI: 10.3109/10715762.2014.919389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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123
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Zhang H, Zhang X, Ding X, Cao W, Qu L, Zhou G. Effect of secondary lymphoid tissue chemokine suppression on experimental ulcerative colitis in mice. Genet Mol Res 2014; 13:3337-45. [PMID: 24841666 DOI: 10.4238/2014.april.29.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The secondary lymphoid tissue chemokine (CCL21) is closely associated with lymphoid homing and anti-tumor immune responses. CCL21 also has a chemotactic effect on intestinal lymphocytes. This study mainly focused on CCL21 expression in experimental ulcerative colitis and on the effects of CCL21 suppression on this disease in mice. The mouse colitis model was induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) in 40 female BALB/c mice that were equally distributed into five groups: control, DSS, propylene glycol, triptolide (TL), and dexamethasone treatment groups. The disease activity index, general morphology score of the colon, and histological pathology score of colon tissues were evaluated. CCL21 expression was examined in colons of mice by immunohistochemistry, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, and Western blotting analysis. CCL21 was upregulated in the mouse model of ulcerative colitis (control group vs DSS group/propylene glycol group, P<0.01). The TL and dexamethasone treatments improved colitis symptoms and decreased CCL21 expression (TL group/dexamethasone group vs DSS group/propylene glycol group, P<0.05). In conclusion, CCL21 was shown to be involved in the induction of ulcerative colitis. Suppression of CCL21 expression decreased damage induced from ulcerative colitis, indicating that CCL21 targeted therapy might be an effective treatment for this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - X Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - X Ding
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - W Cao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - L Qu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - G Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
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Song X, Peng C, Zhou G, Jiang H, Wang W. Chinese Grain for Green Program led to highly increased soil organic carbon levels: a meta-analysis. Sci Rep 2014; 4:4460. [PMID: 24675818 PMCID: PMC3967516 DOI: 10.1038/srep04460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2013] [Accepted: 03/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The Grain for Green Program (GGP), initiated in 1999, is the largest ecological restoration project in central and western China. Here, for the first time, we performed a meta-analysis and found that the GGP largely increased the soil organic carbon (SOC). The SOC was increased by 48.1%, 25.4%, and 25.5% at soil depths of 0-20 cm, 20-40 cm, and 40-60 cm, respectively. Moreover, this carbon accumulation has significantly increased over time since GGP implementation. The carbon accumulation showed a significantly more active response to the GGP in the top 20 cm of soil than in the deeper soil layers. Conversion of cropland to forest could lead to significantly greater SOC accumulation than would the conversion of cropland to grassland. Conversion from cropland to woodland could lead to greater SOC accumulation than would the conversion to either shrubland or orchard. Our results suggest that the GGP implementation caused SOC to accumulate and that there remains a large potential for further accumulation of carbon in the soil, which will help to mitigate climate change in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinzhang Song
- The Nurturing Station for the State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, 311300, China
| | - Changhui Peng
- 1] State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China [2] Center of CEF/ESCER, Department of Biological Science, University of Quebec at Montreal, Montreal, H3C 3P8, Canada
| | - Guomo Zhou
- The Nurturing Station for the State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, 311300, China
| | - Hong Jiang
- The Nurturing Station for the State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, 311300, China
| | - Weifeng Wang
- Department of Geography, McGill University, Montreal, H3A 0B9, Canada
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Pei H, Chen W, Hu W, Zhu M, Liu T, Wang J, Zhou G. GANRA-5 protects both cultured cells and mice from various radiation types by functioning as a free radical scavenger. Free Radic Res 2014; 48:670-8. [PMID: 24580122 DOI: 10.3109/10715762.2014.898843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The radio-protective effects of the oxazolone derivative chemical compound 4-(4-methoxy-3-methoxyphenyl-methyl)-2-phenyl- 5(4H)-oxazolone (GANRA-5) against different types of radiation including X-rays, carbon ion beams, microwaves and ultraviolet light (UV) were studied. Cell proliferation/cytotoxicity assay and colony-forming assay were conducted to evaluate the toxicity of GANRA-5. To test its influence on the induction of double-stranded break (DSB) formation and genomic instability, γH2AX focus-forming assay as well as cytokinesis-block micronucleus assay was utilized. Our results indicate that GANRA-5 exhibits low toxicity, while providing high radio-protective effects for MRC-5 cells against different types of radiation. We also found that GANRA-5 acts as a free radical scavenger. Our animal studies provided evidence that GANRA-5 significantly increases the survival rate of mice after X-ray irradiation. Analyses of hemogram, visceral index and detection of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in the viscera indicate both low toxicity of GANRA-5, combined with its ability to shield radiation risk. In conclusion, our results suggest that GANRA-5 has the potential to be used as a safe and efficient radio-protectant.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Pei
- Department of Space Radiobiology, Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Lanzhou , P. R. China
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126
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Zhou G, Liu S, Yu J, Wu J, Sanchez R, Rozengurt E, Brunicardi F. Caspase-Dependent Down-Regulation Receptor Substrate of Insulin 1 by Protein Phosphatase 4. J Surg Res 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2013.11.659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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127
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Yu J, Wu J, Liu S, Zhou G, Sanchez R, Dawson D, Nemunaitis J, Brunicardi F. Immune Response Plays an Important Role in KRASG12D Induced Tumorigenesis in PDX1 Expressing Cells in Pancreas. J Surg Res 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2013.11.165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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128
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Wu J, Liu S, Yu J, Zhou G, Rao D, Jay CM, Kumar P, Sanchez R, Templeton N, Senzer N, Maples P, Nemunaitis J, Brunicardi FC. Vertically integrated translational studies of PDX1 as a therapeutic target for pancreatic cancer via a novel bifunctional RNAi platform. Cancer Gene Ther 2014; 21:48-53. [PMID: 24457987 DOI: 10.1038/cgt.2013.84] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2013] [Accepted: 12/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
RNA interference (RNAi) represents a powerful, new tool for scientific investigation as well as a promising new form of targeted gene therapy, with applications currently in clinical trials. Bifunctional short hairpin RNA (shRNA) are synthetic RNAi molecules, engineered to utilize multiple endogenous RNAi pathways to specifically silence target genes. Pancreatic and duodenal homeobox 1 (PDX1) is a key regulator of pancreatic development, β-cell differentiation, normal β-cell function and pancreatic cancer. Our aim is to review the process of identifying PDX1 as a specific, potential RNAi target in pancreatic cancer, as well as the underlying mechanisms and various forms of RNAi, with subsequent testing and development of PDX1-targeted bifunctional shRNA therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Wu
- Department of Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - S Liu
- Department of Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - J Yu
- Department of Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - G Zhou
- Department of Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - D Rao
- Gradalis, Carrollton, TX, USA
| | - C M Jay
- Gradalis, Carrollton, TX, USA
| | - P Kumar
- Gradalis, Carrollton, TX, USA
| | - R Sanchez
- Department of Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - N Senzer
- 1] Gradalis, Carrollton, TX, USA [2] Mary Crowley Cancer Research Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | | | - J Nemunaitis
- 1] Gradalis, Carrollton, TX, USA [2] Mary Crowley Cancer Research Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - F C Brunicardi
- Department of Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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129
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Jacoby MA, De Jesus Pizarro RE, Shao J, Koboldt DC, Fulton RS, Zhou G, Wilson RK, Walter MJ. The DNA double-strand break response is abnormal in myeloblasts from patients with therapy-related acute myeloid leukemia. Leukemia 2013; 28:1242-51. [PMID: 24304937 PMCID: PMC4047198 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2013.368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2013] [Revised: 11/22/2013] [Accepted: 11/26/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The complex chromosomal aberrations found in therapy-related acute myeloid leukemia (t-AML) suggest that the DNA double-strand break (DSB) response may be altered. In this study we examined the DNA DSB response of primary bone marrow cells from t-AML patients and performed next-generation sequencing of 37 canonical homologous recombination (HR) and non-homologous end-joining (NHEJ) DNA repair genes, and a subset of DNA damage response genes using tumor and paired normal DNA obtained from t-AML patients. Our results suggest that the majority of t-AML patients (11 of 15) have tumor-cell intrinsic, functional dysregulation of their DSB response. Distinct patterns of abnormal DNA damage response in myeloblasts correlated with acquired genetic alterations in TP53 and the presence of inferred chromothripsis. Furthermore, the presence of trisomy 8 in tumor cells was associated with persistently elevated levels of DSBs. Although tumor-acquired point mutations or small indels in canonical HR and NHEJ genes do not appear to be a dominant means by which t-AML leukemogenesis occurs, our functional studies suggest that an abnormal response to DNA damage is a common finding in t-AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Jacoby
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - R E De Jesus Pizarro
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - J Shao
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - D C Koboldt
- The Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - R S Fulton
- The Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - G Zhou
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - R K Wilson
- 1] The Genome Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA [2] Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA [3] Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA [4] Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - M J Walter
- 1] Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA [2] Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA [3] Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
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130
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Du GF, Li CZ, Shang SH, Xu XY, Chen HZ, Zhou G. Practising case-based learning in oral medicine for dental students in China. Eur J Dent Educ 2013; 17:225-228. [PMID: 24127763 DOI: 10.1111/eje.12042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/25/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Teacher-centred education dominates dental education in China. Student-centred education has recently been introduced in the School of Stomatology, Wuhan University, and the effectiveness of such methods needs to be tested. The purpose of this study is to compare the learning outcomes of case-based learning (CBL) and lecture-based education (LBE) in an oral medicine curriculum. MATERIALS AND METHODS We chose oral leukoplakia as the learning subject for dental students. Forty fourth-year dental students participated in the study. First, they were presented to basic knowledge of oral leukoplakia and related oral mucosal diseases. Then, they were divided into a CBL group (n=20) and an LBE group (n=20) by random numbers. The groups experienced the remaining course in separate groups. All students answered a questionnaire on their satisfaction with the education and the same standardised written test to analyse their learning outcomes. RESULTS Both CBL and LBE courses were well accepted by students according to the satisfactory scores of the questionnaire. The test scores of the CBL group (90.00±6.69) were significantly higher (P<0.01) than those of the LBE group (83.00±6.77). The percentage of high test score (test score≥85) of the CBL group (85%) was also significantly higher (P<0.01) than that of the LBE group (45%). CONCLUSIONS In this example, CBL was found to be more effective than LBE to teach dental students. These findings suggest that CBL should be added in our future oral medicine curriculum for dental students.
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Affiliation(s)
- G-F Du
- Department of Oral Medicine, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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131
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Wang J, Xia T, Ma L, Qu B, Pan L, Zhou G, Ju Z, Xie C, Guo Y. Primary Outcomes in Phase 2 Study of Hypofractionated Patterns by Stereotactic Ablative Radiation Therapy (SABR). Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2013.06.467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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132
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Parfett C, Williams A, Zheng J, Zhou G. Gene batteries and synexpression groups applied in a multivariate statistical approach to dose–response analysis of toxicogenomic data. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 2013; 67:63-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2013.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2013] [Accepted: 06/26/2013] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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133
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Cao JX, Ou CR, Zou YF, Ye KP, Zhang QQ, Khan MA, Pan DD, Zhou G. Activation of caspase-3 and its correlation with shear force in bovine skeletal muscles during postmortem conditioning1. J Anim Sci 2013; 91:4547-52. [DOI: 10.2527/jas.2013-6469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- J.-X. Cao
- College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Meat Processing and Quality Control, Ministry of Education, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, P. R. China
| | - C.-R. Ou
- College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, P. R. China
| | - Y.-F. Zou
- Key Laboratory of Meat Processing and Quality Control, Ministry of Education, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, P. R. China
| | - K.-P. Ye
- Key Laboratory of Meat Processing and Quality Control, Ministry of Education, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, P. R. China
| | - Q.-Q. Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Meat Processing and Quality Control, Ministry of Education, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, P. R. China
| | - M. A. Khan
- Key Laboratory of Meat Processing and Quality Control, Ministry of Education, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, P. R. China
| | - D.-D. Pan
- College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, P. R. China
| | - G. Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Meat Processing and Quality Control, Ministry of Education, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, P. R. China
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Abstract
BACKGROUND In recent years, there were great controversies about gender disparities in stroke outcome. The study was aimed to investigate sex differences in stroke case fatality on all published studies based in a comprehensive meta-analysis. METHODS A systematic search of Pubmed, EMBASE, SCOPUS, ISI Web of Science, and Cochrane Library was conducted for the included papers between 1992 and 2009. For the pooled group and subgroup analysis, fixed effects or random effects model were used to find sex differences in case fatality of stroke with a Mantel-Haenszel method. Meta-regression analysis was performed to study methodological heterogeneity. RESULTS Thirty-six population-based studies, together with three randomized clinical trials (RCTs), were included in the present study. For the pooled group, there was an overall hazard risk of 1.13 for women compared with men. A hazard risk of 1.27 was observed for women in RCTs subgroup and 1.12 for women in population-based subgroup. The regression analysis found no significant correlation between methodological variables and heterogeneity. CONCLUSIONS Due to the limited data about sex differences in stroke case fatality, the findings should be treated cautiously as preliminary. More large multicenter clinical trials should be performed to verify the reliability of the results.
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Affiliation(s)
- G. Zhou
- Department of Neurology; No.425 Hospital of PLA; Sanya; China
| | - S. Nie
- Department of Neurology; No.425 Hospital of PLA; Sanya; China
| | - L. Dai
- Department of Neurology; No.425 Hospital of PLA; Sanya; China
| | - X. Wang
- Department of Neurology; No.425 Hospital of PLA; Sanya; China
| | - W. Fan
- Department of Neurology; No.425 Hospital of PLA; Sanya; China
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135
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Liu P, Zeng F, Zhou G, Wang J, Wen H, von Deneen KM, Qin W, Liang F, Tian J. Alterations of the default mode network in functional dyspepsia patients: a resting-state fmri study. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2013; 25:e382-8. [PMID: 23617737 DOI: 10.1111/nmo.12131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2012] [Accepted: 03/15/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increasing brain imaging studies have emphasized the role of regional brain activity abnormalities in functional dyspepsia (FD) during the resting state. The goal of this study was to investigate the default mode network (DMN) in FD patients and healthy controls (HCs). METHODS Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scanning was carried out on 49 patients and 39 HCs. Independent component analysis (ICA) was used to isolate the DMN in each subject. Group topography of the DMN was compared to study significant alteration in FD. A correlation analysis was then performed in the FD group to investigate the effects of symptom severity and the psychological factors on the DMN. KEY RESULTS Significant spatial differences with the DMN in FD patients, compared with HCs, were mainly found in the dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (dmPFC), ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC), orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), pregenual anterior cingulate cortex (pACC), thalamus, parahippocampal gyrus, precuneus, parietal cortex, and temporal pole. Meanwhile, Nepean Dyspepsia Index (NDI) scores were positively correlated with the pACC, and was negative correlated with the OFC. However, both the Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) and Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS) scores were not correlated with any regions of interest showing differences between the FD patients and the HCs. CONCLUSIONS & INFERENCES These findings suggested that the DMN might indeed undergo dysfunctional changes due to the abnormal persistent activity in FD patients. To a certain extent, the changes in the DMN were related to the FD-related symptom severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Liu
- Life Science Research Center, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, China
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136
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Wang J, Yang G, Zhou G. Quantitative trait loci for morphometric body measurements of the hybrids of silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) and bighead carp (H. nobilis). Acta Biol Hung 2013; 64:169-83. [PMID: 23739886 DOI: 10.1556/abiol.64.2013.2.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Quantitative trait loci (QTL) for 11 morphometric body measurements of the hybrids of silver (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) and bighead carp (H. nobilis) including body weight (BW), standard length (SL), body depth (BD), body thickness (BT), head length (HL), head depth (HD), length of ventral keel (LVK), length of pectoral fin (Lpec), length of pelvic fin (Lpel), length of caudal fin (Lcau) and space between pectoral and pelvic fins (SPP) were located on the sex average microsatellite linkage map constructed using the hybrids of a female bighead and a male silver carp, on which 15 microsatellites were newly mapped. One locus was found to be responsible for BW, LV K and SPP, respectively. As many as 6 loci were found to be responsible for HD. The variances of remaining traits were partitioned by different numbers of loci varying between 2 and 5. The variance explained each locus ranged from 9.1% to 23.8% of the total. The variance explained by all loci responsible for each measurement ranged from 17.7% to 75.1%. It was noted that multiple measurements were mapped on the same locus. For example, a region bounded by Hym435 and Hym145 was found to be responsible for all the measurements analyzed.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Wang
- Ocean University of China, College of Marine Life Sciences, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
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137
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Abstract
Abstract
A new type microporous polypropylene film was prepared simply by biaxial drawing of β-crystalline phase polypropylene The effect of draw ratio on the pore size distribution, ethanol sorption, and porosity, as well as β-α transformation during drawing were studied For the purpose of improving its hydrophilicity ion and solute permeability, the plasma graft-polymerization technique was utilized The resulting film showed much higher permeability toward Na+, Mg++ and urea, being 3.2 × 10−6, 5.8 × 10−8 and 1.75 × 10−6 cm2/min, respectively, than the original one and had better dimensional stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- G. Shi
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Fenglin Lu, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - X. Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Fenglin Lu, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - J. Zheng
- Structure Research Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, P.R. China
| | - G. Zhou
- Structure Research Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, P.R. China
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Zhou G, Wang H, Liu SH, M. Shahi K, Lin X, Wu J, Feng XH, Qin J, Tan TH, C. Brunicardi F. p38 MAP Kinase Interacts with and Stabilizes Pancreatic and Duodenal Homeobox-1. Curr Mol Med 2013. [DOI: 10.2174/156652413805076821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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139
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Zhou G, Wang H, Liu SH, Shahi KM, Lin X, Wu J, Feng XH, Qin J, Tan TH, Brunicardi FC. p38 MAP kinase interacts with and stabilizes pancreatic and duodenal homeobox-1. Curr Mol Med 2013; 13:377-386. [PMID: 23331010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2012] [Revised: 10/11/2012] [Accepted: 10/18/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic and duodenal homeobox-1 (PDX-1) is a homeodomain-containing transcription factor that plays a critical role in pancreatic development, β-cell differentiation, maintenance of normal β-cell function and tumorigenesis. PDX-1 is subjected to extensive post-translational modifications for its stability, subcellular location and transactivity. We report here that PDX-1 expression is up-regulated by p38 MAP kinase. Antibody array screen identified p38 as a candidate PDX-1-interacting protein in GFP-PDX-1 stable HEK293 cells. The p38-PDX-1 interaction was confirmed by immunoprecipitation/Western blotting analysis in both transient transfection system of HEK293 cells and endogenous system of β-TC-6 cells stimulated by glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1). Co-transfection of p38 with PDX-1 resulted in increased PDX-1 expression in HEK293 cells, which was accompanied by a decreased PDX-1 ubiquitination. Mass spectrometry analysis showed that Ser 268 of human PDX-1 was phosphorylated in GFP-PDX-1 stable HEK293 cells. Functional mutagenesis analysis showed that mutation of Ser 269 of mouse PDX-1 (corresponding to Ser 268 of human PDX-1) into nonphosphorylatable alanine abolished the stabilizing effect of p38 on PDX-1, which was in line with enhanced PDX-1 ubiquitination and shortened half-life of PDX-1. p38 showed kinase activity towards PDX-1 in vitro, suggesting that Ser 269 is a potential p38-regulated phosphorylation site within PDX-1. GLP-1-stimulated PDX-1 expression was accompanied by p38 kinase activation in mouse insulinoma β-TC-6 cells and p38 inhibitor SB202190 inhibited GLP-1-stimulated PDX-1 expression with accompanied inhibition of p38 kinase activation. Taken together, our studies indicated that p38 MAP kinase is a positive regulator of PDX-1 stability and that p38 exerts its stabilizing effect on PDX-1 through a phosphorylation-dependent inhibition of PDX-1 ubiquitination.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Zhou
- Department of Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
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140
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Liu S, Zhou G, Shahi K, Nemunaitis J, Fisher W, Brunicardi F. A Novel PDX-1-Specific, Synthetic Promoter Driving Systemic Suicide Gene Therapy Suppresses Pancreas Cancer (PC) Tumor Volume in Mice. J Surg Res 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2012.10.217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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141
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Song X, Yuan H, Kimberley MO, Jiang H, Zhou G, Wang H. Soil CO₂ flux dynamics in the two main plantation forest types in subtropical China. Sci Total Environ 2013; 444:363-368. [PMID: 23280294 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2012] [Revised: 12/01/2012] [Accepted: 12/03/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Chinese Fir and Moso bamboo are the two most important forest plantation species in subtropical China. However, information on greenhouse gas emissions from these forests is still scarce. A field study was carried out to compare soil CO(2) flux dynamics in Chinese Fir and Moso bamboo forests over a 12-month period using the LI-8100 Soil CO(2) Flux System. The soil CO(2) flux in both forest types showed similar daily and seasonal dynamic patterns with the highest soil CO(2) efflux at 14:00-16:00 in summer and the lowest in winter. Moso bamboo forest showed significant higher (P<0.01) annual mean soil CO(2) fluxes (52.9 t CO(2)ha(-1)yr(-1)) than Chinese fir forest (27.9 t CO(2)ha(-1)yr(-1)). The large difference in soil CO(2) fluxes may potentially influence the carbon cycle of the two forest types at the ecosystem scale. The CO(2) flux from the soil showed a significant positive correlation (P<0.0001) with soil temperature at 5 cm depth, a significant negative correlation (P<0.01) with air relative humidity, and no significant correlation with soil moisture in either forest types. The Q(10) value of soil respiration was higher in Chinese fir than Moso bamboo forest, indicating that soil respiration under Chinese fir forest will be more sensitive to temperature change. This study contributes to better understanding of the role Moso bamboo and Chinese fir forests may play in carbon cycle and global warming mitigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinzhang Song
- The Nurturing Station for the State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an 311300, China
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142
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Zhou G, Wang H, Liu SH, M. Shahi K, Lin X, Wu J, Feng XH, Qin J, Tan TH, C. Brunicardi F. p38 MAP Kinase Interacts with and Stabilizes Pancreatic and Duodenal Homeobox-1. Curr Mol Med 2013. [DOI: 10.2174/1566524011313030007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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143
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Su W, Gao F, Lu J, Wu W, Zhou G, Lu S. Levels of matrix metalloproteinase-9 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 mRNAs in patients with primary hypertension or hypertension-induced atherosclerosis. J Int Med Res 2013; 40:986-94. [PMID: 22906271 DOI: 10.1177/147323001204000317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) affect degradation of vascular elastin, collagen remodelling and formation of atherosclerotic plaque. This cross-sectional study investigated the levels of MMP-9 and TIMP-1 mRNAs in the blood of patients with primary hypertension with and without hypertension-induced carotid atherosclerosis. METHODS Hypertensive patients with and without atherosclerosis and age- and gender-matched normotensive subjects were enrolled. MMP-9 and TIMP-1 mRNA were quantified using real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS Hypertensive patients (n = 86) had significantly lower levels of TIMP-1 mRNA than normotensive subjects (n = 43). Hypertensive patients with atherosclerosis (n = 42) showed significantly elevated levels of MMP-9 mRNA compared with both normotensive subjects and hypertensive patients without atherosclerosis (n = 44). CONCLUSIONS Primary hypertension resulted in decreased TIMP-1 mRNA levels, suggesting a potential mechanism contributing to the degradation of elastin. Hypertension-induced atherosclerosis was associated with significantly increased levels of MMP-9 mRNA, which may enhance both the deposition of types I and III collagen and atherosclerotic plaque formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Su
- Department of Cardiology, Wuxi Hospital Affiliated with Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 33 Houxixi Road, Wuxi City, Jiangshu Province 214001, China.
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Tang N, Deng R, Wang Y, Lin M, Li H, Qiu Y, Hong M, Zhou G. GSTM1 and GSTT1 null polymorphisms and susceptibility to anti-tuberculosis drug-induced liver injury: a meta-analysis [Review article]. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2013; 17:17-25. [DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.12.0447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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145
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Zhao H, Zheng C, Feng G, Zhao Y, Liang H, Wu H, Zhou G, Liang B, Wang Y, Xia X. Temperature-sensitive poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-butyl methylacrylate) nanogel as an embolic agent: distribution, durability of vascular occlusion, and inflammatory reactions in the renal artery of rabbits. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2013; 34:169-76. [PMID: 22859278 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a3177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE We have developed a new thermosensitive liquid embolic agent, PIB nanogel, that can be solidified at body temperature. We thus further investigated the distribution, durability of vascular occlusion, and inflammatory reactions of PIB in embolization of the renal artery of rabbits. MATERIALS AND METHODS The bilateral renal arteries of 9 rabbits were first embolized with PIB at different injection rates. The distribution pattern of PIB was investigated by contact radiography and histology 1 hour after embolization. The right renal arteries of 20 rabbits were then embolized with PIB at the proper injection rate. Angiography and pathologic examination of the kidneys were performed at 1 week and 1, 2, and 3 months after embolization to evaluate the long-term outcomes. RESULTS With the injection rate increasing, PIB could reach the more distal branch of the renal artery. The proper injection rate was chosen as 0.10 mL/s due to the homogeneous distribution of PIB from the main renal artery to the precapillary level at this rate. During a 3-month follow-up observation period, no angiographic recanalization was observed. Histologically, we found no disruption of the vessel wall or subintimal bleeding, no extravasation of PIB, and no evidence of neovascularization. Moreover, there was only a mild inflammatory response, manifested by few lymphocytic and monocellular infiltration, without foreign body granuloma formation. CONCLUSIONS Embolization of the renal artery with PIB was easy and controllable, which could lead to a homogeneous and persistent occlusion without severe inflammatory changes. PIB might be a suitable material for intravascular embolization.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Zhao
- Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Wuhan, China
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146
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Tan SL, Li Z, Song GB, Liu LM, Zhang W, Peng J, Zhang T, Jia FF, Zhou G, Zhou HH, Zhou XM. Development and comparison of a new personalized warfarin stable dose prediction algorithm in Chinese patients undergoing heart valve replacement. Pharmazie 2012; 67:930-937. [PMID: 23210243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pharmacogenetics-based algorithms would be especially desirable for patients undergoing heart valve replacement (HVR), who are particularly sensitive to warfarin during the initial treatment phase following surgery. We aimed to derive a warfarin dosing algorithm from data of Chinese patients undergoing HVR, and to compare it with previously published dosing algorithms as applied to our HVR patients. METHODS 641 Chinese HVR patients on stable maintenance dose of warfarin were enrolled from a single clinic site. Data of 321 patients were used to derive a warfarin dosing algorithm using stepwise multiple linear regression analysis. Previously published algorithms were selected from Pubmed database for comparison. The performance of all the algorithms was characterized according to mean absolute error (MAE) and percentage of predicted doses falling within +/- 20% of clinically observed doses (percentage of ideal prediction) in the other 320 patients. RESULTS The newly developed algorithm included eight factors: VKORC1-1639G > A, CYP2C9*3, BSA, age, number of increasing INR drugs, smoking habit, preoperative stroke history and hypertension. Our algorithm accounted for 56.4% of variations in the inter-patient warfarin stable doses. All the algorithms showed better performance in a medium-dose (1.88-4.38 mg/day) and high-dose (> or = 4.38 mg/day) groupings than in a low-dose (< or = 1.88 mg/day) grouping. Compared with the 14 previously published algorithms, our algorithm had the lowest MAE (-0.07 mg/day) and the highest percentage of ideal prediction (62.8%) in the total validation cohort. CONCLUSIONS Our warfarin dosing algorithm is potentially useful for patients whose population profiles are similar to those of our patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- S L Tan
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Changsha, China
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147
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Hänze J, Zhou G, Henrici M, Hegele A, Blaheta R, Hofmann R, Olbert P. 104 MAGE-A3 Counteracts Cell Survival in Human Bladder Cancer Cell Lines. Eur J Cancer 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(12)71902-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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148
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Abstract
A combined polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with the enzyme HaeIII restriction analysis and DNA sequencing have been employed to study the mutations at codon 249 of p53 gene in two human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell lines and 28 surgical specimens of HCC. 14 of the 28 HCC samples (50%) had p53 point mutations at codon 249. All of point mutations at codon 249 in 10 cases sequenced are AGG to AGT transversion. p53 gene mutated more frequently in invasive HCCs than that in non-invasive HCCs. This suggested that the codon 249 was a mutational hotspot of p53 gene in human HCCs in China, and p53 mutations may be related to tumor invasiveness of human HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Qin
- SHANGHAI MED UNIV,ZHONGSHAN HOSP,INST LIVER CANC,SHANGHAI 200032,PEOPLES R CHINA
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149
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Ioffe Y, Hillen T, Zhou G, Schwarz J, Mutch D, Powell M, Rader J, Zighelboim I, Hagemann A, Thaker P. Post-radiation damage to the pelvic girdle in cervical cancer patients: Is intensity modulated radiation therapy safer than conventional radiation? Gynecol Oncol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2012.07.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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150
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Ding J, He R, Zhou G, Tang C, Yin C. Multilayered mucoadhesive hydrogel films based on thiolated hyaluronic acid and polyvinylalcohol for insulin delivery. Acta Biomater 2012; 8:3643-51. [PMID: 22743112 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2012.06.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2012] [Revised: 06/19/2012] [Accepted: 06/19/2012] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
A multilayered hydrogel film system based on hyaluronic acid-cysteamine (HA-Cym) and polyvinylalcohol (PVA) was fabricated. It contained a drug-impermeable backing layer, a supporting layer preventing direct contact between the loaded drug and the backing layer, a drug-loading layer and a mucoadhesive layer. Scanning electron microscopy demonstrated the presence of the distinct layers. The composition and preparation procedure of the films influenced their mucoadhesion, swelling, in vitro release of insulin and loaded insulin stability. Vacuum drying and crosslinked PVA with glutaraldehyde might reduce mucoadhesion, and they partially decreased the bioactivity of loaded insulin. Lyophilized hydrogel film with uncrosslinked PVA as a mucoadhesive layer possessed high mucoadhesion and showed no influence on the bioactivity of loaded insulin. The application of vacuum-dried PVA-crosslinked HA-Cym/PVA hydrogel film as a drug-impermeable backing layer would provide a controllable unidirectional insulin release. Therefore, such a multilayered hydrogel film system could be a promising mucoadhesive delivery system for controlled macromolecular drug release.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
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