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Schupper AJ, Yuk FJ, Zou H, Ahuja S, Tsankova NM, Hadjipanayis CG. Granular Cell Tumor: A Technical Approach for Resection of a Rare Suprasellar Mass. NEUROSURGERY OPEN 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/neuopn/okaa010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND IMPORTANCE
Granular cell tumors (GCTs) of the sellar and suprasellar regions are rare tumors that may be managed surgically by multiple strategies. The technical approaches for these tumors have rarely been described in the literature.
CLINICAL PRESENTATION
We introduce the case of a patient presenting with dizziness and headaches who was found to have a suprasellar and retrochiasmatic mass and eventually underwent surgical resection. We discuss the characteristics of this tumor, and the current state of the literature. Also included are details regarding the surgical approach utilized in this case, and a discussion of the various surgical approaches for this type of tumor.
CONCLUSION
There are several approaches for the surgical resection of suprasellar GCTs, and the approach utilized may depend on patient and/or surgeon considerations. Patient-specific considerations must be made to ensure maximal safe resection of these lesions.
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Liu J, Zhang J, Hu Y, Zou H, Zhang X, Hu X. Inhibition of lncRNA DCST1-AS1 suppresses proliferation, migration and invasion of cervical cancer cells by increasing miR-874-3p expression. J Gene Med 2020; 23:e3281. [PMID: 33025624 DOI: 10.1002/jgm.3281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cervical cancer seriously threatens both the health and life of women. We aimed to investigate whether RNA interference of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) DCST1-AS1 could promote miR-874-3p expression to affect the proliferation, migration and invasion of cervical cancer cells. METHODS DCST1-AS1 expression levels in cervical cancer cells and transfection effects were detected by quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction analysis. Proliferation, invasion and migration of cells were separately shown by cell-counting kit-8, wound healing and transwell assays, and relative protein expression was determined by western blot analysis. Dual-luciferase reporter and RNA immunoprecipitation assays verified the interaction of DCST1-AS1 and miR-874-3p. RESULTS DCST1-AS1 expression was increased in cervical cancer tissues and cells. The DCST1-AS1 expression in Hela and SiHa cells was the highest, and so the cells were selected for the next experiment. Inhibition of DCST1-AS1 suppressed the proliferation, invasion and migration of cervical cancer cells and decreased the expression of KI67, proliferating cell nuclear antigen, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and MMP-9. miR-874-3p expression was increased when cells were transfected with miR-874-3p mimic or shRNA-DCST1-AS1-1, and DCST1-AS1 expression was down-regulated when cells were transfected with miR-874-3p mimic. DCST1-AS1 can directly target miR-874-3p. Furthermore, inhibition of miR-874-3p could effectively alleviate the effect of inhibition of DCST1-AS1 with respect to the proliferation, invasion and migration of cervical cancer cells. CONCLUSIONS Inhibition of DCST1-AS1 suppressed the proliferation, migration and invasion of cervical cancer cells by increasing miR-874-3p expression, which could be alleviated by the inhibition of miR-874-3p.
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Bozec D, Sattiraju A, Bouras A, Raj JGJ, Rivera D, Huang Y, Alves CJ, Tejero R, Zou H, Hadjipanayis C, Friedel RH. TMOD-22. AKALUC BIOLUMINESCENCE OFFERS SUPERIOR SENSITIVITY TO TRACK IN VIVO GBM EXPANSION. Neuro Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noaa215.972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Longitudinal tracking of tumor growth using non-invasive bioluminescence imaging (BLI) is a key approach for in vivo cancer studies, but the current method of firefly luciferase (Fluc) BLI has quantitative limitations, as it is only suited for detection of tumors of considerable sizes at advanced stage, typically in the order of >105 cells. Recently, Akaluciferase (Akaluc) has been developed as an alternative BLI system that offers higher signal strength and better light penetration of tissue due to its red-shifted emission. Here, we established Akaluc BLI as a new sensitive method for in vivo tracking of glioblastoma (GBM) expansion in intracranial transplant models. In multiple GBM cell lines, including the frequently used U87MG and GL261, as well as patient-derived glioma stem cells (GSC), we demonstrate that Akaluc-expressing GBM cells produced more than 50-times brighter BLI signals in vitro and up to 100-fold higher signal intensities in vivo over Fluc-expressing counterparts. The higher sensitivity of Akaluc BLI permits early in vivo detection of intracranial GBM transplants starting as early as 4 hours after implantation and with as little as 5,000 transplanted GSC. We also reveal a prolonged engraftment period in intracranial GSC transplants before wide dissemination into host brain parenchyma. Akaluc BLI is also advantageous for longitudinal monitoring of therapeutic effects of chemoradiation for GBM and detection of early phase of tumor relapse. Thus, Akaluc BLI offers an important addition to the tool box for cancer research. SIGNIFICANCE: The high sensitivity of Akaluc bioluminescence is a significant improvement for the non-invasive tracking of tumors in preclinical cancer studies, including detection of small incipient tumors and micro-metastasis.
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Sattiraju A, Marallano V, Ramakrishnan A, Brusco C, Shen L, Wojcinski A, Kesari S, Friedel RH, Zou H. TAMI-18. SINGLE-CELL SEQUENCING AND GENETIC LABELING TO CHARACTERIZE HYPOXIC GBM CELLS IN THEIR MICROENVIRONMENT. Neuro Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noaa215.907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) recurrence, arising from treatment-resistant hypoxic cells, is a major contributor to patient mortality. We have engineered GBM cell lines with a novel genetic reporter system (“HRE-UnaG”), which sensitively labels hypoxic cells with green fluorescence. Using murine GL261 HRE-UnaG GBM cells in intracranial transplants in immunocompetent hosts, we detected hypoxic cells primarily around pseudopalisading structures. Here, we report our new results of single cell RNA-seq sequencing of intracranial GL261-HRE-dUnaG GBM tumors, which revealed in hypoxic UnaG+ GBM cells upregulation of more than 60 genes, including canonical hypoxia response genes such as Slc2a1, Bnip3, Ldha and Vegfa, and downregulation of a smaller number of genes, such as Rgcc, Cdc20 and Hist1h2ap, which regulate cell cycle progression. This novel GBM hypoxia signature was in TCGA patient samples mostly upregulated in recurrent GBM and associated with worse prognosis, especially within proneural and mesenchymal subtypes. Gene set enrichment analysis revealed that the GBM hypoxia signature was positively correlated with hypoxia, glycolysis, TNFα and MTORC1 signaling, and negatively correlated with oxidative phosphorylation, Myc and DNA repair pathways. Subclustering revealed four distinct subpopulations of hypoxic GBM cells, which were distinguished by differential expression of pathway genes for proliferation, angiogenesis, stress response, and type I/II interferon signaling. Intercellular communication between hypoxic GBM cells and the stromal cells were predicted using NicheNET package. To spatio-temporally label in future studies hypoxic GBM cells and their progeny, we have engineered GBM cells with an inducible, hypoxia-sensitive lineage-tracing reporter (HRE-Cre; floxed-tdTomato). In combination with the HRE-UnaG hypoxia reporter, we will be able to reveal the role of “hypoxia memory” in GBM expansion and recurrence after treatment. Identifying key markers of hypoxic cells in respect to treatment resistance and relapse will lead to improvements in GBM detection and new options for therapeutic treatments.
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Bozec D, Sattiraju A, Bouras A, Jesu Raj JG, Rivera D, Huang Y, Junqueira Alves C, Tejero R, Tsankova NM, Zou H, Hadjipanayis C, Friedel RH. Akaluc bioluminescence offers superior sensitivity to track in vivo glioma expansion. Neurooncol Adv 2020; 2:vdaa134. [PMID: 33241215 PMCID: PMC7680182 DOI: 10.1093/noajnl/vdaa134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Longitudinal tracking of tumor growth using noninvasive bioluminescence imaging (BLI) is a key approach for studies of in vivo cancer models, with particular relevance for investigations of malignant gliomas in rodent intracranial transplant paradigms. Akaluciferase (Akaluc) is a new BLI system with higher signal strength than standard firefly luciferase (Fluc). Here, we establish Akaluc BLI as a sensitive method for in vivo tracking of glioma expansion. Methods We engineered a lentiviral vector for expression of Akaluc in high-grade glioma cell lines, including patient-derived glioma stem cell (GSC) lines. Akaluc-expressing glioma cells were compared to matching cells expressing Fluc in both in vitro and in vivo BLI assays. We also conducted proof-of-principle BLI studies with intracranial transplant cohorts receiving chemoradiation therapy. Results Akaluc-expressing glioma cells produced more than 10 times higher BLI signals than Fluc-expressing counterparts when examined in vitro, and more than 100-fold higher signals when compared to Fluc-expressing counterparts in intracranial transplant models in vivo. The high sensitivity of Akaluc permitted detection of intracranial glioma transplants starting as early as 4 h after implantation and with as little as 5000 transplanted cells. The sensitivity of the system allowed us to follow engraftment and expansion of intracranial transplants of GSC lines. Akaluc was also robust for sensitive detection of in vivo tumor regression after therapy and subsequent relapse. Conclusion Akaluc BLI offers superior sensitivity for in vivo tracking of glioma in the intracranial transplant paradigm, facilitating sensitive approaches for the study of glioma growth and response to therapy.
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Wu L, Zou H, Wang H, Zhang S, Liu S, Jiang Y, Chen J, Li Y, Shao M, Zhang R, Li X, Dong J, Yang L, Wang K, Zhu X, Sun X. Update on the development of molecular imaging and nanomedicine in China: Optical imaging. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2020; 13:e1660. [PMID: 32725869 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Revised: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Molecular imaging has received increased attention worldwide, including in China, because it offers noninvasive characterization of widely diverse clinically significant pathologies. To achieve these goals, nanomedicine has evolved into a broad interdisciplinary field with flexible designs to accommodate and concentrate imaging and therapeutic payloads into pathological cells through selective binding to disease specific cell membrane biomarkers. This concept of personalized medicine reflects the vision of "magic bullets" proposed by German biochemist Paul Ehrlich over 100 years ago. As happening worldwide, Chinese scientists are contributing to this tsunami of science and technologies through impactful national programs and international research collaborations. This review provides a comprehensive update of Chinese innovations to address intractable unmet medical need in China and worldwide in the optical sciences. This article is categorized under: Diagnostic Tools > in vivo Nanodiagnostics and Imaging.
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He L, Zou H. Characterization of the novel variant allele,
HLA‐B
*13:82
, identified in a Chinese Han individual. HLA 2020; 96:510-511. [DOI: 10.1111/tan.13922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Quan Z, Zou H, Chen H, Zhong Y, Zhou D, Deng Z, Hong W. [Analysis and verification of a HLA-DQB1*03:90N allele with a single base deletion]. ZHONGHUA YI XUE YI CHUAN XUE ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA YIXUE YICHUANXUE ZAZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS 2020; 37:681-684. [PMID: 32472552 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1003-9406.2020.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To verify a HLA-DQB1*03:90N allele and method to improve the accuracy of HLA typing. METHODS A total of 2265 hematopoietic stem cell donors from Shenzhen Branch of China Marrow Donor Program in 2018 were initially detected by a PCR sequence-specific oligonucleotide probe (SSOP) method. Among these, a rare HLA-DQB1 allele was identified by sequence-based tying (SBT) and Ion Torrent S5 next generation sequencing (NGS). RESULTS The SSOP typing result suggested the HLA-DQB1 to be a rare allele, while an insertion and a deletion was suspected in its exon 2 by SBT, which were confirmed by NGS as DQB1*03:90N and DQB1*06:01, respectively. CONCLUSION Rare alleles suspected by the SSOP method should be verified by other methods to ensure the accuracy of HLA genotyping. Rare alleles formed by deletions can be detected by NGS with accuracy.
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Yao Z, Wang Z, Fang B, Chen J, Zhang X, Luo Z, Huang L, Zou H, Yang Y. Involvement of nitrogen in storage root growth and related gene expression in sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas). PLANT BIOLOGY (STUTTGART, GERMANY) 2020; 22:376-385. [PMID: 31943638 DOI: 10.1111/plb.13088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen (N) could affect storage root growth and development of sweet potato. To manage external N concentration fluctuations, plants have developed a wide range of strategies, such as growth changes and gene expression. Five sweet potato cultivars were used to analyse the functions of N in regulating storage root growth. Growth responses and physiological indicators were measured to determine the physiological changes regulated by different N concentrations. Expression profiles of related genes were analysed via microarray hybridization data and qRT-PCR analysis to reveal the molecular mechanisms of storage root growth regulated by different N concentrations. The growth responses and physiological indicators of the five cultivars were changed by N concentration. The root fresh weight of two of the sweet potato cultivars, SS19 and GS87, was higher under low N concentrations compared with the other cultivars. SS19 and GS87 were found to be having greater tolerance to low N concentration. The expression of N metabolism and storage root growth related genes was regulated by N concentration in sweet potato. These results reveal that N significantly regulated storage root growth. SS19 and GS87 were more tolerant to low N concentration and produced greater storage root yield (at 30 days). Furthermore, several N response genes were involved in both N metabolism and storage root growth.
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Zhou X, Wahane S, Friedl MS, Kluge M, Friedel CC, Avrampou K, Zachariou V, Guo L, Zhang B, He X, Friedel RH, Zou H. Microglia and macrophages promote corralling, wound compaction and recovery after spinal cord injury via Plexin-B2. Nat Neurosci 2020; 23:337-350. [PMID: 32112058 PMCID: PMC7412870 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-020-0597-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Tissue repair after spinal cord injury requires the mobilization of immune and glial cells to form a protective barrier that seals the wound and facilitates debris clearing, inflammatory containment and matrix compaction. This process involves corralling, wherein phagocytic immune cells become confined to the necrotic core, which is surrounded by an astrocytic border. Here we elucidate a temporally distinct gene signature in injury-activated microglia and macrophages (IAMs) that engages axon guidance pathways. Plexin-B2 is upregulated in IAMs and is required for motor sensory recovery after spinal cord injury. Plexin-B2 deletion in myeloid cells impairs corralling, leading to diffuse tissue damage, inflammatory spillover and hampered axon regeneration. Corralling begins early and requires Plexin-B2 in both microglia and macrophages. Mechanistically, Plexin-B2 promotes microglia motility, steers IAMs away from colliding cells and facilitates matrix compaction. Our data therefore establish Plexin-B2 as an important link that integrates biochemical cues and physical interactions of IAMs with the injury microenvironment during wound healing.
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Ozturk MS, Lee VK, Zou H, Friedel RH, Intes X, Dai G. High-resolution tomographic analysis of in vitro 3D glioblastoma tumor model under long-term drug treatment. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2020; 6:eaay7513. [PMID: 32181351 PMCID: PMC7060061 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aay7513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a lethal type of brain tumor that often develop therapeutic resistance over months of chemotherapy cycles. Recently, 3D GBM models were developed to facilitate evaluation of drug treatment before undergoing expensive animal studies. However, for long-term evaluation of therapeutic efficacy, novel approaches for GBM tissue construction are still needed. Moreover, there is still a need to develop fast and sensitive imaging methods for the noninvasive assessment of this 3D constructs and their response to drug treatment. Here, we report on the development of an integrated platform that enable generating (i) an in vitro 3D GBM model with perfused vascular channels that allows long-term culture and drug delivery and (ii) a 3D imaging modality that enables researchers to noninvasively assess longitudinal fluorescent signals over the whole in vitro model.
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Hu JH, Zou H, Sun Y, Li FW. Role of PD-L1 in radio-sensitivity of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. J BIOL REG HOMEOS AG 2020; 34:20. [PMID: 32090536 DOI: 10.23812/19-389-l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Zou H, Chair SY, Cao X. P191 The effectiveness of mindfulness-based interventions on perceived stress, depression and anxiety in patients with coronary heart disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur Heart J 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/ehz872.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
An increasing number of people are living with coronary heart disease (CHD) globally. Psychological conditions such as stress, depression, and anxiety are prevalent for people with CHD, which impose a great challenge for secondary prevention of CHD. Mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs), which incorporate mindfulness skills and cognitive or behavioural therapy, are suggested as a promising approach to help patients with CHD to improve their psychological health. However, the effectiveness of MBIs for patients with CHD has not been systematically reviewed.
Purpose
To synthesise the evidence regarding the effects of MBIs on reducing perceived stress, depression, and anxiety in patients with CHD.
Methods
Search was conducted in seven English electronic databases and two Chinese electronic databases from inception to January 2019. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that evaluated the effects of MBIs on stress, depression, and anxiety in adults with CHD were included. Two reviewers independently screened records for eligibility, extracted data, and assessed risks of bias using the Cochrane tool. Meta-analysis was conducted by combining the standard mean difference (SMD) with 95% confidence interval (CI) of post-intervention outcome measures using Review Manager Version 5.3. We used a fixed-effects model if no significant heterogeneity (I² < 50%), while in case of significant heterogeneity (50% < I² < 75%), we used a random-effects model.
Results
Six RCTs involving 473 participants were included. Five of all studies compared MBIs with inactive controls (i.e., usual care and waitlist control). The remaining study utilized a self-help group that received a booklet containing identical mindfulness information as an active control. There were high concerns about the risk of bias across studies, mainly in performance bias and detection bias. The meta-analysis of two studies showed MBIs may reduce perceived stress at post-intervention (SMD -0.82; 95% CI -1.28 to -0.36; P < 0.001; I² 0%) compared with inactive controls. Compared with active control, the single study did not observe a significant reduction of perceived stress in intervention group. The meta-analysis of five studies revealed that MBIs appear effective in reducing depression (SMD -1.08; 95% CI -1.28 to -0.87; P < 0.001; I² 22%) and anxiety (SMD -1.16; 95% CI -1.57 to -0.75; P < 0.001; I² 71%) immediately after intervention, compared with inactive or active controls.
Conclusions
The results of this review provide evidence for the effects of MBIs on reduction in perceived stress, depression and anxiety at post-intervention in patients with CHD. However, these findings need to be interpreted with caution given the small sample size and methodological limitations within included studies. Rigorous-designed research is urgently needed to further confirm the effectiveness of MBIs on improving psychological health and explore its sustainable effects in patients with CHD.
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Zhu X, Xu Y, Xu X, Zhu J, He X, Lu L, Zou H. Psychometric assessment and application of the Chinese version of the Compliance with Annual Diabetic Eye Exams Survey in people with diabetic retinopathy. Diabet Med 2020; 37:84-94. [PMID: 31365948 DOI: 10.1111/dme.14092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
AIM To translate the Compliance with Annual Diabetic Eye Exams Survey (CADEES) into Chinese, allowing assessment of its reliability and validity, and to identify variables that predict attendance at annual eye examinations. METHODS People with vision-threatening diabetic retinopathy were recruited from the Shanghai Diabetic Eye Study. The study involved three phases: (1) translation and cross-cultural adaptation, (2) a pilot study (n = 496) to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Chinese-CADEES, and (3) a primary cross-sectional survey (n = 3818) to assess self-reported attendance at annual eye examinations. Factors related to non-attendance were identified using univariate analysis, and then a multiple logistic regression model. Finally, a component model and individual item models were built to predict attendance. RESULTS The Chinese-CADEES had satisfactory reliability and validity. The issue of low attendance at annual eye examinations was serious. In addition to 13 health belief items, living in semi-urban suburban areas, shorter duration of diabetes, poor glucose control, lower education level, better presenting visual acuity and milder diabetic retinopathy diagnosis were significantly related to non-attendance. The multivariate predictive model was able to predict, with 64.7% accuracy, whether or not participants were going to attend annual eye examinations and explained ~ 11.3% of the variance in attendance. CONCLUSIONS The Chinese-CADEES showed good reliability and validity for predicting attendance at annual eye examinations in people with diabetic retinopathy. Clinicians and researchers can improve attendance by addressing modifiable characteristics and increasing education on diabetic retinopathy and the importance of eye health in people with diabetes.
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Wang CJ, Zou H, Feng GF. MiR-10b regulates the proliferation and apoptosis of pediatric acute myeloid leukemia through targeting HOXD10. EUROPEAN REVIEW FOR MEDICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL SCIENCES 2019; 22:7371-7378. [PMID: 30468483 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_201811_16275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the role of miR-10b in the proliferation and apoptosis of acute myeloid leukemia (AML), and to explore the underlying mechanism. PATIENTS AND METHODS The expression level of miR-10b in clinical AML cases and cell lines was detected by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The interaction between miR-10b and homeobox D10 (HOXD10) was confirmed by qRT-PCR, Western blotting and Luciferase assay. The effect of miR-10b on biological functions of AML cell line (HL60) was analyzed in vitro. MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) assay and colony formation assay were used to detect the proliferation and colony formation ability of AML cells, respectively. Meanwhile, flow cytometry and TUNEL staining were applied to measure cell cycle and apoptosis of AML cells, respectively. RESULTS miR-10b was significantly up-regulated in AML cases and cell lines. The potential target genes of miR-10b were analyzed by three public databases. Results showed that HOXD10 was a direct target of miR-10b. QRT-PCR, Western blotting and luciferase assay confirmed the regulatory effect of miR-10b on HOXD10. Overexpression of miR-10b accelerated the proliferation and colony formation ability of AML cells. Meanwhile, miR-10b overexpression decreased the percentage of AML cells in the G0/G1 phase when compared with S phase, and suppressed the apoptosis of AML cells. However, the addition of HOXD10 could reverse the effects of miR-10b. CONCLUSIONS MiR-10b could regulate the proliferation, colony formation, cell cycle and apoptosis of AML cells through targeting HOXD10, indicating that miR-10b might be a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of AML.
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Huang Y, Tejero R, Lee V, Junqueira Alves C, Foty R, Dai G, Zou H, Friedel R. ANGI-13. PLEXIN-B2 FACILITATES DIFFUSE GLIOMA INVASION BY REGULATING CELL ADHESION AND ACTO-MYOSIN DYNAMICS. Neuro Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noz175.122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Diffuse invasion of glioblastoma (GBM) cells into brain tissue is a key factor for its high lethality. GBM cell migration is affected by functions of plexins, which are transmembrane receptors of semaphorins that regulate cell adhesion and cytoskeletal dynamics. Expression of Plexin-B2 is upregulated in GBM and correlates with malignancy. We show here that Plexin-B2 activity regulates biomechanical properties of GBM cells, promoting invasive growth. Plexin-B2 activity increased the capacity of GBM to invade as dispersed single cells by reducing the cell-cell adhesiveness between GBM cells, indicating that a major function of Plexin-B2 activity is to downregulate cell-cell adhesion systems. RNA-Seq analyses also revealed that GBM stem cells (GSC) with deletion of Plexin-B2 altered expression of genes related to cell adhesion and the matrisome, indicating compensatory mechanisms in cellular dynamics. Interestingly, in vivo intracranial transplant studies demonstrated that growth and invasion of Plexin-B2 mutant GSC was impaired, with mutant cells invading shorter distances and migrating mainly as groups of cells forming chains. Plexin-B2 mutant cells also were more likely to adhere to the vasculature, rather than to fiber tracts, suggesting altered biomechanical properties. This shift may be related to high stiffness of basal lamina of the vasculature, as Plexin-B2 KO cells have a preference for migration on stiff substrate in vitro. Intriguingly, the loss in Plexin-B2 expression also changed the distribution of the mechanosensor transction factor YAP, with high expression of Plexin-B2 correlating with increased nuclear YAP. Structure-function analyses revealed that the Ras-GAP domain as main signaling output of Plexin-B2. The Rap proteins are pleiotropic regulators of cell adhesion and actomysosin contractility. Our data also showed that overexpression of Plexin-B2 can lead to decreased levels of Rap1/Rap2. Thus, Plexin-B2 acts as a key regulator of the adhesion and contractility of GBM cells, thereby facilitating their diffuse invasion.
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Sattiraju A, Marallano V, Friedel R, Zou H. TMIC-59. INVESTIGATING PHYSIOLOGY OF THERAPY RESISTANT, TUMOR-INITIATING GBM CELLS IN HYPOXIC NICHES USING SPATIALLY-SENSITIVE HYPOXIA REPORTER SYSTEM AND SINGLE-CELL RNA SEQUENCING. Neuro Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noz175.1093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and lethal brain cancer that invariably recurs after therapy due to presence of resistant GBM cells within hypoxic and peri-necrotic regions. Eradicating such GBM cells, which constitute a major source of tumor recurrence, is important to curb disease relapse. An endogenously expressed, spatially sensitive hypoxia reporter would therefore be a valuable tool to evaluate hypoxic zones in GBM in detail, and to measure the efficacy of hypoxia-activated drugs. For this purpose, we engineered a lentiviral vector that carries a hypoxia reporter, consisting of HIF response elements (HRE) that drive expression of UnaG fluorescent protein, which fluoresces independent of oxidative maturation. We validated the sensitivity of our reporter in vitro using U87MG, GBM2, and patient-derived GBM stem cell lines, and we performed intracranial transplantations of GBM cells in SCID mice to identify cells undergoing hypoxic stress in in vivo microenvironment. In addition, GL261 murine GBM cells with hypoxia reporter were intracranially implanted in C57BL/6 mice as syngeneic model for studies on immune responses. Brains from our transplant studies were dissociated and single-cell RNA sequencing (Drop-Seq) was performed to investigate heterogeneity in response to hypoxia within GBM cells and the cellular composition of microenvironment. We will also apply a hypoxia-activated prodrug, Evofosfamide (Evo), in our ongoing studies that can potentially eradicate hypoxic tumor cells and increase T cell infiltration and reverse immune suppression. As hypoxic niches are thought to confer resistance to radiation therapy (XRT), combining XRT with Evo could thus improve therapy efficacy. Our hypoxia gene reporter, combined with single-cell transcriptomics, could therefore serve as an effective tool to enable fundamental investigation of GBM microenvironment and could be used to evaluate therapies targeting tumor microenvironment to enhance GBM patient survival.
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Zou H, Cui W, Wang ZL, Wang Z. The hitchhiker's guide to core samples: Key issues and lessons learned. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 685:867-885. [PMID: 31247435 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.06.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Revised: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Core samples may be used as valuable geochronometers for storing historical pollution footprints of organic pollutants. A number of studies have used core samples to evaluate temporal depositions, loading inventories, and effectiveness of environmental mitigation measures. However, in order to get a reliable estimation, certain prerequisites must be satisfied to rule out various confounding factors such as biomixing and melting. This review aims to understand when core samples can or cannot be used as natural archives for organic pollutants. First, we systematically review existing studies of organic pollutants in soil, sediment and ice cores and possible factors that may influence post-depositional fate of chemicals. Then, building on field evidence, model simulation and laboratory leaching tests findings, we discuss issues of post-depositional downward movement in detail. To assist future core sample studies, we summarize lessons learned on study design in the context of sampling design, data analysis, and data reporting. In particular, the combination of a careful study design and appropriate numerical model(s) will help to elevate core samples as a more reliable tool for retrospective understanding of chemical pollution. This review is an initial step toward a better and more accurate use of core samples, and further interdisciplinary cooperation is needed to develop standardized protocols, guidelines and tools.
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Liu Q, Lin J, Han J, Zhang Y, Lu J, Tu W, Zhao Y, Guo G, Chu H, Pu W, Liu J, Ma Y, Chen X, Zhang R, Gu J, Zou H, Jin L, Wu W, Ren S, Wang J. Immunoglobulin G galactosylation levels are decreased in systemic sclerosis patients and differ according to disease subclassification. Scand J Rheumatol 2019; 49:146-153. [PMID: 31538512 DOI: 10.1080/03009742.2019.1641615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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70
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Cui Y, Zou H, Xi N, He Z, Yang YX, Shu L, Zhang GH, Hu Z, Chen T, Yu R, Wu J, Yu W. Quantum Criticality of the Ising-like Screw Chain Antiferromagnet SrCo_{2}V_{2}O_{8} in a Transverse Magnetic Field. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2019; 123:067203. [PMID: 31491156 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.123.067203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2019] [Revised: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The quantum criticality of an Ising-like screw chain antiferromagnet SrCo_{2}V_{2}O_{8}, with a transverse magnetic field applied along the crystalline a axis, is investigated by ultralow temperature NMR measurements. The Néel temperature is rapidly and continuously suppressed by the field, giving rise to a quantum critical point (QCP) at H_{C_{1}}≈7.03 T. Surprisingly, a second QCP at H_{C_{2}}≈7.7 T featured with gapless excitations is resolved from both the double-peak structure of the field-dependent spin-lattice relaxation rate 1/^{51}T_{1} at low temperatures and the weakly temperature-dependent 1/^{51}T_{1} at this field. Our data, combined with numerical calculations, suggest that the induced effective staggered transverse field significantly lowers the critical fields, and leads to an exposed QCP at H_{C_{2}}, which belongs to the one-dimensional transverse-field Ising universality.
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Daviaud N, Chevalier C, Friedel RH, Zou H. Distinct Vulnerability and Resilience of Human Neuroprogenitor Subtypes in Cerebral Organoid Model of Prenatal Hypoxic Injury. Front Cell Neurosci 2019; 13:336. [PMID: 31417360 PMCID: PMC6682705 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2019.00336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Prenatal hypoxic injury (HI) is a leading cause of neurological disability. The immediate and long-term effects of hypoxia on progenitor homeostasis and developmental progression during early human brain development remain unclear. This gap is due to difficulty to access human fetal brain tissues and inadequate animal models to study human corticogenesis. Recent optimizations of cerebral organoid models derived from human embryonic stem (ES) cells present new opportunities to investigate pathophysiology of prenatal HI. Here, we implemented a transient HI model using human cerebral organoids with dorsal forebrain specification. We demonstrated that transient hypoxia resulted in immediate and prolonged apoptosis in cerebral organoids, with outer radial glia (oRG), a progenitor population more prominent in primates, and differentiating neuroblasts/immature neurons suffering larger losses. In contrast, neural stem cells in ventricular zone displayed relative resilience to HI and exhibited a shift of cleavage plane angle favoring symmetric division, thereby providing a mechanism to replenish the stem cell pool. Furthermore, we defined the vulnerable window and neurodifferentiation stages that are particularly sensitive to HI. Understanding cell type-specific and stage-dependent effects of prenatal HI on survival and mitotic behavior of human neuroprogenitor subtypes during early human corticogenesis helps elucidate the etiology of neurodevelopmental disorders, and provides a therapeutic starting point to protect the vulnerable populations at critical timeframes.
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Deng Z, Zhao J, Cai S, Qi Y, Yu Q, Martin MP, Gao X, Chen R, Zhuo J, Zhen J, Zhang M, Zhang G, He L, Zou H, Lu L, Zhu W, Hong W, Carrington M, Norman PJ. Natural Killer Cells Offer Differential Protection From Leukemia in Chinese Southern Han. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1646. [PMID: 31379844 PMCID: PMC6646668 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Interactions of human natural killer (NK) cell inhibitory receptors with polymorphic HLA-A, -B and -C molecules educate NK cells for immune surveillance against tumor cells. The KIR A haplotype encodes a distinctive set of HLA-specific NK cell inhibiting receptors having strong influence on immunity. We observed higher frequency of KIR A homozygosity among 745 healthy Chinese Southern Han than 836 adult patients representing three types of leukemia: ALL (OR = 0.68, 95% CI = 0.52-0.89, p = 0.004), AML (OR = 0.76, 95% CI = 0.59-0.98, p = 0.034), and CML (OR = 0.72 95% CI = 0.51-1.0, ns). We observed the same trend for NHL (OR = 0.47 95% CI = 0.26-0.88 p = 0.017). For ALL, the protective effect of the KIR AA genotype was greater in the presence of KIR ligands C1 (Pc = 0.01) and Bw4 (Pc = 0.001), which are tightly linked in East Asians. By contrast, the C2 ligand strengthened protection from CML (Pc = 0.004). NK cells isolated from KIR AA individuals were significantly more cytotoxic toward leukemic cells than those from other KIR genotypes (p < 0.0001). These data suggest KIR allotypes encoded by East Asian KIR A haplotypes are strongly inhibitory, arming NK cells to respond to leukemogenic cells having altered HLA expression. Thus, the study of populations with distinct KIR and HLA distributions enlightens understanding of immune mechanisms that significantly impact leukemia pathogenesis.
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Wahane S, Halawani D, Zhou X, Zou H. Epigenetic Regulation Of Axon Regeneration and Glial Activation in Injury Responses. Front Genet 2019; 10:640. [PMID: 31354788 PMCID: PMC6629966 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.00640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Injury to the nervous system triggers a multicellular response in which epigenetic mechanisms play an important role in regulating cell type-specific transcriptional changes. Here, we summarize recent progress in characterizing neuronal intrinsic and extrinsic chromatin reconfigurations and epigenetic changes triggered by axonal injury that shape neuroplasticity and glial functions. We specifically discuss regeneration-associated transcriptional modules comprised of transcription factors and epigenetic regulators that control axon growth competence. We also review epigenetic regulation of neuroinflammation and astroglial responses that impact neural repair. These advances provide a framework for developing epigenetic strategies to maximize adaptive alterations while minimizing maladaptive stress responses in order to enhance axon regeneration and achieve functional recovery after injury.
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Tejero R, Huang Y, Katsyv I, Kluge M, Lin JY, Tome-Garcia J, Daviaud N, Wang Y, Zhang B, Tsankova NM, Friedel CC, Zou H, Friedel RH. Gene signatures of quiescent glioblastoma cells reveal mesenchymal shift and interactions with niche microenvironment. EBioMedicine 2019; 42:252-269. [PMID: 30952620 PMCID: PMC6491796 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2019.03.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Revised: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Glioblastoma (GBM), a highly malignant brain tumor, invariably recurs after therapy. Quiescent GBM cells represent a potential source of tumor recurrence, but little is known about their molecular underpinnings. Methods Patient-derived GBM cells were engineered by CRISPR/Cas9-assisted knock-in of an inducible histone2B-GFP (iH2B-GFP) reporter to track cell division history. We utilized an in vitro 3D GBM organoid approach to isolate live quiescent GBM (qGBM) cells and their proliferative counterparts (pGBM) to compare stem cell properties and therapy resistance. Gene expression programs of qGBM and pGBM cells were analyzed by RNA-Seq and NanoString platforms. Findings H2B-GFP-retaining qGBM cells exhibited comparable self-renewal capacity but higher therapy resistance relative to pGBM. Quiescent GBM cells expressed distinct gene programs that affect cell cycle control, metabolic adaptation, and extracellular matrix (ECM) interactions. Transcriptome analysis also revealed a mesenchymal shift in qGBM cells of both proneural and mesenchymal GBM subtypes. Bioinformatic analyses and functional assays in GBM organoids established hypoxia and TGFβ signaling as potential niche factors that promote quiescence in GBM. Finally, network co-expression analysis of TCGA glioma patient data identified gene modules that are enriched for qGBM signatures and also associated with survival rate. Interpretation Our in vitro study in 3D GBM organoids supports the presence of a quiescent cell population that displays self-renewal capacity, high therapy resistance, and mesenchymal gene signatures. It also sheds light on how GBM cells may acquire and maintain quiescence through ECM organization and interaction with niche factors such as TGFβ and hypoxia. Our findings provide a starting point for developing strategies to tackle the quiescent population of GBM. Fund National Institutes of Health (NIH) and Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG).
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Yang X, Zou H, He L. Characterization of a novel variant allele,
HLA‐C*08:125
, identified in a Chinese Han individual. HLA 2019; 94:78-80. [DOI: 10.1111/tan.13528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Revised: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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