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Rana S, Rogers K. SU-E-T-529: Dosimetric Evaluation with Heterogeneity in Acuros XB Advanced Dose Calculation Algorithm and Anisotropic Analytical Algorithm (AAA). Med Phys 2012; 39:3827. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4735618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Wang H, Yin G, Rogers K, Miralles C, De Blas AL, Rubio ME. Monaural conductive hearing loss alters the expression of the GluA3 AMPA and glycine receptor α1 subunits in bushy and fusiform cells of the cochlear nucleus. Neuroscience 2011; 199:438-51. [PMID: 22044924 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2011.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2011] [Revised: 10/11/2011] [Accepted: 10/13/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The impact of conductive hearing loss (CHL), the second most common form of hearing loss, on neuronal plasticity in the central auditory pathway is unknown. After short-term (1 day) monaural earplugging, the GluA3 subunits of the AMPA receptor (AMPAR) are upregulated at auditory nerve synapses on the projection neurons of the cochlear nucleus; glycine receptor α1 (GlyRα1) subunits are downregulated at inhibitory synapses in the same neuronal population. These data suggest that CHL affects receptor trafficking at synapses. We examined the impact of 7 days of CHL on the general expression of excitatory and inhibitory receptors by quantitative biochemistry and immunohistochemistry, using specific antibodies to detect AMPAR subunits (GluA1, GluA2, GluA2/3, and GluA4), GlyRα1, and the GABA(A) receptor subunits β2/3. Following monaural earplugging and an elevation of the hearing threshold by approximately 35 dB, the immunolabeling of the antibody for the GluA2/3 subunits but not the GluA2 subunit increased on bushy cells (BCs) and fusiform cells (FCs) of the ipsilateral ventral and dorsal cochlear nuclei. These same cell types showed a downregulation of the GlyRα1 subunit. Similar results were observed in the contralateral nuclei. The expression levels of GABA(A) β2/3 were unchanged. These findings suggest that, following longer periods of monaural conductive hearing loss, the synthesis and subsequent composition of specific glutamate and glycine receptors in projection neurons and their synapses are altered; these changes may contribute to abnormal auditory processing.
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Bixby DL, Shepard DD, Rogers K, Avram AM, Kaminski MS. Safety of I-131 tositumomabin in lymphoma patients who are intolerant of rituximab. J Clin Oncol 2011. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2011.29.15_suppl.e18531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Cameron D, Cline D, Eason M, Hobgood M, Jester M, Keys C, Paras G, Paras S, Rogers K, Smith M, Smoot R, Sparks R, Warren P, Welch G, Gabriel R, Wolf J, Ostrand‐Rosenberg S. Structural modeling of soluble CD80 glycoprotein and its role in immunotherapy. FASEB J 2011. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.25.1_supplement.lb160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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MacCuspie RI, Rogers K, Patra M, Suo Z, Allen AJ, Martin MN, Hackley VA. Challenges for physical characterization of silver nanoparticles under pristine and environmentally relevant conditions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 13:1212-26. [PMID: 21416095 DOI: 10.1039/c1em10024f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The reported size distribution of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) is strongly affected by the underlying measurement method, agglomeration state, and dispersion conditions. A selection of AgNP materials with vendor-reported diameters ranging from 1 nm to 100 nm, various size distributions, and biocompatible capping agents including citrate, starch and polyvinylpyrrolidone were studied. AgNPs were diluted with either deionized water, moderately hard reconstituted water, or moderately hard reconstituted water containing natural organic matter. Rigorous physico-chemical characterization by consensus methods and protocols where available enables an understanding of how the underlying measurement method impacts the reported size measurements, which in turn provides a more complete understanding of the state (size, size distribution, agglomeration, etc.) of the AgNPs with respect to the dispersion conditions. An approach to developing routine screening is also presented.
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Poynton HC, Lazorchak JM, Impellitteri CA, Smith ME, Rogers K, Patra M, Hammer KA, Allen HJ, Vulpe CD. Differential gene expression in Daphnia magna suggests distinct modes of action and bioavailability for ZnO nanoparticles and Zn ions. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2011; 45:762-768. [PMID: 21142172 DOI: 10.1021/es102501z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) are being rapidly developed for use in consumer products, wastewater treatment, and chemotherapy providing several possible routes for ZnO NP exposure to humans and aquatic organisms. Recent studies have shown that ZnO NPs undergo rapid dissolution to Zn(2+), but the relative contribution of Zn(2+) to ZnO NP bioavailability and toxicity is not clear. We show that a fraction of the ZnO NPs in suspension dissolves, and this fraction cannot account for the toxicity of the ZnO NP suspensions to Daphnia magna. Gene expression profiling of D. magna exposed to ZnO NPs or ZnSO(4) at sublethal concentrations revealed distinct modes of toxicity. There was also little overlap in gene expression between ZnO NPs and SiO(x) NPs, suggesting specificity for the ZnO NP expression profile. ZnO NPs effected expression of genes involved in cytoskeletal transport, cellular respiration, and reproduction. A specific pattern of differential expression of three biomarker genes including a multicystatin, ferritin, and C1q containing gene were confirmed for ZnO NP exposure and provide a suite of biomarkers for identifying environmental exposure to ZnO NPs and differentiating between NP and ionic exposure.
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Gupta SK, McGrath S, Rogers K, Attia J, Lewis G, Viswanathan S, Saul M, Allen L. Fixed dose (555 MBq; 15 mCi) radioiodine for the treatment of hyperthyroidism: outcome and its predictors. Intern Med J 2010; 40:854-7. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1445-5994.2010.02348.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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Gladue DP, Holinka LG, Fernandez-Sainz IJ, Prarat MV, O'Donell V, Vepkhvadze N, Lu Z, Rogers K, Risatti GR, Borca MV. Effects of the interactions of classical swine fever virus Core protein with proteins of the SUMOylation pathway on virulence in swine. Virology 2010; 407:129-36. [PMID: 20800867 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2010.07.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2010] [Revised: 07/21/2010] [Accepted: 07/26/2010] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Here we have identified host cell proteins involved with the cellular SUMOylation pathway, SUMO-1 (small ubiquitin-like modifier) and UBC9, a SUMO-1 conjugating enzyme that interact with classical swine fever virus (CSFV) Core protein. Five highly conserved lysine residues (K179, K180, K220, K221, and K246) within the CSFV Core were identified as putative SUMOylation sites. Analysis of these interactions showed that K179A, K180A, and K221A substitutions disrupt Core-SUMO-1 binding, while K220A substitution precludes Core-UBC9 binding. In vivo, Core mutant viruses (K179A, K180A, K220A, K221A) and (K220A, K221A) harboring those substitutions were attenuated in swine. These data shows a clear correlation between the disruption of Core protein binding to SUMO-1 and UBC9 and CSFV attenuation. Overall, these data suggest that the interaction of Core with the cellular SUMOylation pathway plays a significant role in the CSFV growth cycle in vivo.
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Ding Y, Rogers K. Determination of haloacetic acids in water using solid-phase extraction/microchip capillary electrophoresis with capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detection. Electrophoresis 2010; 31:2602-7. [PMID: 20665918 DOI: 10.1002/elps.200900496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Young LE, Helwegen MMGHJ, Rogers K, Kearns L, Schreiber C, Wood JLN. Associations between exercise-induced pulmonary haemorrhage, right ventricular dimensions and atrioventricular valve regurgitation in conditioned National Hunt racehorses. Equine Vet J 2010:193-7. [PMID: 17402417 DOI: 10.1111/j.2042-3306.2006.tb05538.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY Exercise-induced pulmonary haemorrhage (EIPH) and tricuspid (TR) and mitral valve regurgitation (MR) are conditions with high prevalence in conditioned Thoroughbreds. Stress failure of pulmonary capillaries, leading to EIPH, is most likely when pulmonary vascular pressure is increased, and mitral regurgitation can result in pulmonary venous hypertension. HYPOTHESIS There might be an association between MR and EIPH and the right ventricle (RV) of horses known to suffer repeated episodes of EIPH, as their hearts would be subject to higher pulmonary vascular pressures and cardiac output during training and hence increased RV afterload and preload. METHODS An echocardiographic and auscultation study was conducted in 121 race-fit National Hunt Thoroughbreds. Cardiac auscultation and echocardiography were performed. A guided M-mode image of the RV just below the tricuspid valve was obtained from a right parasternal location and colour flow Doppler (CFD) used to interrogate the tricuspid valve and right atrium. The mitral valve was similarly examined from the left hemithorax. Severity of TR and MR by CFD was graded. Binary data on EIPH, based on whether the horse was perceived to have a clinically significant problem with EIPH, were determined retrospectively for each horse by the horses' primary care veterinary surgeon from medical and other records. Data were analysed using a standard logistic regression analysis approach. RESULTS EIPH was significantly and positively associated with the systolic and diastolic dimensions of the RV (P = 0.017 and 0.011 respectively) and this association was not sensitive to the effects of age or weight. There were no significant associations between EIPH and TR or MR by auscultation or CFD (TR: auscultation P = 0.1; CFD P = 0.2 and MR: auscultation P = 0.07; CFD P = 0.37). CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE This study was limited by the method used to classify EIPH, but there was no association between EIPH and horse age, weight, TR or MR in this population of Thoroughbreds. Nevertheless, RV internal dimension was greater in horses obviously affected by EIPH, suggesting that factors resulting in EIPH may directly or indirectly affect RV remodelling in athletic horses.
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Helwegen MMGHJ, Young LE, Rogers K, Wood JLN. Measurements of right ventricular internal dimensions and their relationships to severity of tricuspid valve regurgitation in National Hunt Thoroughbreds. Equine Vet J 2010:171-7. [PMID: 17402414 DOI: 10.1111/j.2042-3306.2006.tb05535.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY The effect of tricuspid valve regurgitation (TR) in right ventricular (RV) chamber size has not been reported. METHODS An echocardiographic and auscultation study was conducted on 394 race-fit National Hunt Thoroughbreds (TBs) in 4 training yards. Auscultation was performed on each horse and audible murmurs of TR graded using a 1-6 scale. Echocardiography was also performed and standard, 2-dimensional (2D), short (SA) and long axis (LA) images of the RV obtained from a right parasternal location. An m-mode image was recorded from an SA view of the RV just below the level of the tricuspid valve. Colour flow Doppler (CFD) echocardiography was used to interrogate the tricuspid valve and right atrium. If retrograde flow was visible, representative recordings were also acquired. Severity of TR by CFD was graded using a subjective 1-9 scale. Measurements of RV chamber size in systole and diastole were made from archived 2D, LA, SA and m-mode images by a single observer unaware of the auscultation and CFD findings. To determine day-to-day repeatability of RV measurements from each imaging plane and of TR by CFD, 5 horses were examined on 5 consecutive days using an identical echocardiographic protocol. Images from 30 horses in the original dataset were also measured on a second occasion to determine the intra-observer repeatability. RESULTS There were significant positive correlations between the severity of TR by CFD and RV internal diameter from each image plane. In contrast, there were no significant associations between grade of TR by auscultation and any RV dimension. Data also showed that only RV measurements derived from M-mode images have acceptable intraobserver repeatability and similarly the M-mode measurements had the best overall day-to-day repeatability. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Data showed that TR assessed by CFD was positively associated with the diastolic and systolic dimensions of the RV, but failed to demonstrate a positive association between the presence of a murmur of TR and RV chamber size. M-mode and 2D echocardiography provided moderately reliable and repeatable methods for obtaining measurements of RV internal dimensions. M-mode images provide the most reliable and repeatable measurements, particularly for less experienced operators.
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Shabbir M, Costa L, Fouts T, Schaub C, Kistner-Griffin E, Maxwell C, Rogers K, Stuart R. Higher Rates Of Fatal Bacterial And Invasive Fungal Infections, But No Difference In Cytomegalovirus (CMV) Reactivation Seen With The Use Of Alemtuzumab In A Reduced Intensity Conditioning Regimen. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbmt.2009.12.378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Newton JR, Rogers K, Marlin DJ, Wood JLN, Williams RB. Risk factors for epistaxis on British racecourses: evidence for locomotory impact-induced trauma contributing to the aetiology of exercise-induced pulmonary haemorrhage. Equine Vet J 2010; 37:402-11. [PMID: 16163941 DOI: 10.2746/042516405774480049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY The proposed biological mechanisms for exercise-induced pulmonary haemorrhage (EIPH) are many and varied. Better knowledge of risk factors should lead to achievable measures to reduce the incidence. OBJECTIVES To identify risk factors associated with epistaxis following racing in UK Thoroughbreds, to gain possible insights into the pathogenesis of the condition and to investigate the association between epistaxis and race finishing position. METHODS The association of epistaxis occurring on UK racecourses between 1996 and 1998 with a wide range of race-, horse- and start-level variables was examined in multivariable mixed effect logistic regression analyses. Four multivariable analyses were conducted, one for all race types considered collectively and one each for flat, hurdle and steeplechase race types considered separately. RESULTS Risk of epistaxis was significantly increased for hurdle and steeplechase race types compared to both flat and National Hunt flat races. In 3 of the 4 final models, there was a significant biological trend for increasing risk of epistaxis with increasing ground hardness ('going') and accumulated years spent racing. However, in flat races epistaxis was such a rare outcome (0.33 cases per 1000 starts) that this subset analysis had insufficient power to measure the detectable effect of 'going' as statistically significant. Horses with epistaxis were significantly more likely to have a poorer finishing position than those without blood at the nostrils. CONCLUSIONS Findings were consistent with the theory that locomotory impact-induced trauma contributes to exercise-induced epistaxis. Further validation of this hypothesis through application of similar methods to endoscopically visible EIPH and through biomechanical studies is warranted. POTENTIAL RELEVANCE Knowledge of significant risk factors should allow formulation of practical measures, such as track watering, to reduce the risks of EIPH and epistaxis in racehorses.
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Sahu M, Ahmed H, Kumaar S, Arumainayagam N, Rogers K, Scott R, Kirkham A, Allen C, Freeman A, Emberton M. UP-2.160: Treating Unilateral Localised Prostate Cancer with Hemi-Ablation High Intensity Focused Ultrasound (HIFU): Results of a NCRN-Approved Phase II Focal Therapy Clinical Trial. Urology 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2009.07.379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Sahu M, Ahmed H, Kumaar S, Arumainayagam N, Rogers K, Scott R, Kirkham A, Allen C, Freeman A, Emberton M. UP-2.161: Focal High Intensity Focused Ultrasound (HIFU) Therapy in the Treatment of Localised Prostate Cancer: Early Results of a Phase II Trial. Urology 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2009.07.380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Ding Y, Rogers K. Measurement of Nitrogen Mustard Degradation Products by Poly(dimethylsiloxane) Microchip Electrophoresis with Contactless Conductivity Detection. ELECTROANAL 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.200804320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Swinnen LJ, Flinn IW, Kahl BS, Frey E, Rogers K, Jung M, Jacene H, Wahl RL. Phase I trial of yttrium 90 ibritumomab tiuxetan ( 90Y-RIT) with autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) in patients with relapsed or refractory B-cell non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL). J Clin Oncol 2008. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2008.26.15_suppl.8565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Young L, Rogers K, Wood J. Heart Murmurs and Valvular Regurgitation in Thoroughbred Racehorses: Epidemiology and Associations with Athletic Performance. J Vet Intern Med 2008; 22:418-26. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1939-1676.2008.0053.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Kramer C, Fouts T, Rogers K, Naert S, Nista E, Garner K. 426: Infusion Confusion: How to Teach the Art of HPC Infusion. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbmt.2007.12.436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Freeman J, Rogers K, Roberts S. Pseudo-outbreak of Aspergillus keratitis following construction in an ophthalmology ward. J Hosp Infect 2007; 67:104-5. [PMID: 17719132 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2007.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2007] [Accepted: 07/02/2007] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Murray DW, Fitzpatrick R, Rogers K, Pandit H, Beard DJ, Carr AJ, Dawson J. The use of the Oxford hip and knee scores. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007; 89:1010-4. [PMID: 17785736 DOI: 10.1302/0301-620x.89b8.19424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 924] [Impact Index Per Article: 54.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The Oxford hip and knee scores have been extensively used since they were first described in 1996 and 1998. During this time, they have been modified and used for many different purposes. This paper describes how they should be used and seeks to clarify areas of confusion.
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Lightfoot G, Jose-Cunilleras E, Rogers K, Newton JR, Young LE. An echocardiographic and auscultation study of right heart responses to training in young national hunt thoroughbred horses. Equine Vet J 2007:153-8. [PMID: 17402411 DOI: 10.1111/j.2042-3306.2006.tb05532.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY There are few data available to determine the effect of training on cardiac valve function. OBJECTIVES To investigate the effect of commercial race training on right ventricular (RV) and tricuspid valve function in an untrained group of National Hunt Thoroughbreds (TB). MATERIAL AND METHODS Cardiac auscultation, guided M-mode echocardiography of the RV, and colour flow Doppler (CFD) tricuspid valve and right atrium were performed in 90 TB horses (age 2-7 years) 1998-2003. Forty horses were examined at least once and 48 horses were examined on at least 2 occasions. Examinations were then classified as: i) before commencement of race training, ii) after cantering exercise had been sustained for a period of 8-12 weeks and iii) at full race fitness. Tricuspid valve regurgitation (TR) murmurs were graded on a 1-6 scale and CFD echocardiography TR signals were graded on a 1-9 scale. Right ventricular internal diameter (RVID) in diastole and systole (RVIDd and RVIDs) was measured by guided M-mode. Associations between continuous RVID and TR measures and explanatory covariates of weight, age, heart rate, yard and stage of training were examined using general linear mixed models with horse-level random effects. RESULTS On average, RVIDd and RVIDs increased by 0.08 and 0.1 cm, respectively, per year increase in age (P = 0.1 and 0.02) and by 0.3 and 0.4 cm, respectively between pretraining and race fitness (P = 0.07 and 0.005). Tricuspid regurgitation score by colour flow Doppler increased by 0.6/year with age (P<0.0001) and by 1.8 between pretraining and race fitness (P<0.0001). No significant associations were found between any outcomes and weight, heart rate and training yard. Due to the high level of colinearity between age and training, multivariable models including both terms were not interpretable. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Athletic training of horses exerts independent effects on both severity and prevalence of tricuspid valve incompetence. This effect should therefore be taken into account when examinations are performed. Dimensions of RV increase with age and training in TB horses in a manner that appears to be similar to that of the LV.
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Seebacher F, Rogers K. Developmental and sex-specific plasticity of metabolic function. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2007.01.462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Gold SM, Dziobek I, Sweat V, Tirsi A, Rogers K, Bruehl H, Tsui W, Richardson S, Javier E, Convit A. Hippocampal damage and memory impairments as possible early brain complications of type 2 diabetes. Diabetologia 2007; 50:711-9. [PMID: 17334649 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-007-0602-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 328] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2006] [Accepted: 01/09/2007] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS There is evidence that type 2 diabetes mellitus is associated with cognitive impairment. Most studies investigating this association have evaluated elderly individuals, after many years of diabetes, who generally have poor glycaemic control and significant vascular disease. The aim of the current study was to investigate the early cognitive consequences and associated brain correlates of type 2 diabetes. MATERIALS AND METHODS With regard to cognition and brain measures, we compared 23 age-, sex- and education-matched control subjects with 23 mostly middle-aged individuals with relatively well-controlled diabetes of less than 10 years from the time of diagnosis. RESULTS We found deficits in hippocampal-based memory performance and preservation of other cognitive domains. Relative to control subjects, individuals with diabetes had reductions in brain volumes that were restricted to the hippocampus. There was an inverse relationship between glycaemic control and hippocampal volume; in multivariate regression analysis, HbA(1c) was the only significant predictor of hippocampal volume, accounting for 33% of the observed variance. Other variables commonly associated with type 2 diabetes, such as elevated BMI, hypertension or dyslipidaemia, did not independently contribute to the variance in hippocampal volume. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION These results suggest that the medial temporal lobe may be the first brain site affected by type 2 diabetes and that individuals in poorer metabolic control may be affected to a greater extent.
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