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Woods WG, Kobrinsky N, Buckley JD, Lee JW, Sanders J, Neudorf S, Gold S, Barnard DR, DeSwarte J, Dusenbery K, Kalousek D, Arthur DC, Lange BJ. Timed-sequential induction therapy improves postremission outcome in acute myeloid leukemia: a report from the Children's Cancer Group. Blood 1996; 87:4979-89. [PMID: 8652810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Timed sequencing of cycles of induction chemotherapy in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) has been proposed as a way to achieve maximal leukemic cell kill through recruitment and synchronization of residual neoplastic cells. Furthermore, whether intensive induction therapy should be continued in the presence of profound myelosuppression is an important question. The Children's Cancer Group (CCG) conducted a prospective randomized trial in which 589 patients with AML were randomized at diagnosis to one of two induction approaches involving a 4-day cycle of five active chemotherapeutic agents, with the second cycle administered either 10 days after the first cycle, despite low or dropping blood counts (intensive timing), or 14 days or later from the beginning of the first cycle, depending on bone marrow status (standard timing). All patients achieving remission received a total of four cycles of induction therapy. They were then allocated to allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT) if a compatible family donor was present or randomized to aggressive nonmyeloablative therapy or to myeloablative therapy with purged autologous BMT rescue. The three postremission arms remain coded. Induction success and median days to complete induction were similar for the 295 patients randomized to the intensive timing arm (75%, 99 days) compared with the 294 patients randomized to the standard timing arm (70%, 105 days; P = .18 for remission). However, a marked improvement in outcome was demonstrated in patients randomized to the intensive timing arm, with an actuarial event-free survival at 3 years of 42% +/- 7% (95% confidence interval [CI]) versus 27% +/- 6% for patients on the standard timing arm (P = .0005). Disease-free survival results at 3 years from the end of induction were superior for patients receiving intensively timed induction therapy (N = 211), 55% +/- 9% versus 37% +/- 9% for standard timing patients (N = 195, P = .0002), with a median follow-up from achieving remission of 28 months. Superior results were documented for patients receiving intensive timing irrespective of the postremission therapy to which they were allocated. Intensively timed induction therapy for patients with AML markedly improves event-free survival, even for patients undergoing myeloablative therapy with BMT rescue. Without controlling for the type of induction therapy received, results of various BMT studies in AML comparing different preparative regimens will be difficult to interpret.
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Arndt S, Cizadlo T, O'Leary D, Gold S, Andreasen NC. Normalizing counts and cerebral blood flow intensity in functional imaging studies of the human brain. Neuroimage 1996; 3:175-84. [PMID: 9345488 DOI: 10.1006/nimg.1996.0019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Image intensity normalization is frequently applied to eliminate or adjust for subject or injection global blood flow (gCBF) and other sources of nuisance variation. Normalization has several other positive effects on the analysis of PET images. However, the choice of an intensity normalization technique affects the statistical and psychometric properties of the image data. We compared three normalization procedures, the ratio approach (regional (r)CBF/gCBF), histogram equalization, and ANCOVA, on both PET count and flow data sets. The ratio method presents the proportional increase of regions, the histogram equalization method offers the relative ranking of intensities over the image, and the ANCOVA method provides statistical deviations from an expected linear model of regional values from the subject's gCBF. The original study used 33 normal subjects in a standard subtraction paradigm. The normalization methods were evaluated on their ability to remove extraneous error variation, induce homogeneity of intersubject variation, and remove unwanted dependencies. In general, the normalization modified the subtraction image more than the individual condition images. All three methods worked well at removing the dependency of rCBF on gCBF in count and flow images. For count data, the three methods also reduced the amount of error variation equally well, improving the signal to noise ratio. For flow data, the histogram equalization and ratio methods worked best at reducing statistical error. All three methods dramatically stabilized the variance over the image.
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Gold S, Arndt S, Johnson D, O'Leary D, Andreasen N. Factors that influence effect size in 15O PET studies: A meta-analysis. Neuroimage 1996. [DOI: 10.1016/s1053-8119(96)80064-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Gold S, Duncan G, Barrett K, Kronstad J. cAMP regulates morphogenesis in the fungal pathogen Ustilago maydis. Genes Dev 1994; 8:2805-16. [PMID: 7995519 DOI: 10.1101/gad.8.23.2805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 219] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The fungal pathogen Ustilago maydis exhibits a dimorphic switch from budding to filamentous growth in response to mating interactions and environmental conditions. We have found that disruption of the uac1 gene, encoding adenylate cyclase, results in a constitutively filamentous phenotype. Budding is restored to the uac1 mutant upon growth in the presence of cAMP or by extragenic suppression because of a mutation in the ubc1 gene. The ubc1 gene encodes a type II regulatory subunit of cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA); defects in this gene attenuate the filamentous growth that normally occurs in response to mating and exposure to air. Growth of wild-type cells in cAMP and mutation of the ubc1 gene also cause defects in the separation of mother and daughter cells (cytokinesis) and alter bud site selection. These results indicate a key role for cAMP and PKA in morphogenesis in U. maydis; this role may be common among dimorphic fungal pathogens.
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White JM, Goodis HE, Horton J, Gold S. Re: Current status of lasers in soft tissue dental surgery (J Periodontol; 1993; 64:589-602). J Periodontol 1994; 65:733-5. [PMID: 7608854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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Gold S, Goodman R, Shirley-Henderson A. Exposure of simian virus-40-transformed human cells to magnetic fields results in increased levels of T-antigen mRNA and protein. Bioelectromagnetics 1994; 15:329-36. [PMID: 7980661 DOI: 10.1002/bem.2250150407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
In its integrated form. SV-40 DNA offers an opportunity to observe the behavior of what is in effect a viral genome within a cellular genome, with transcriptional and translational products that can be clearly distinguished from those of the host cell. Exposure of SV40-transformed human fibroblasts to a 60 Hz continuous-wave sinusoidal electromagnetic (EM) field resulted in increased levels of virally derived mRNA and protein of large T-antigen. These findings provide evidence that a foreign DNA integrated into cells can be affected by EM fields under conditions known to cause increased transcripts from endogenous cellular genes.
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Attias J, Urbach D, Gold S, Shemesh Z. Auditory event related potentials in chronic tinnitus patients with noise induced hearing loss. Hear Res 1993; 71:106-13. [PMID: 8113129 DOI: 10.1016/0378-5955(93)90026-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
In order to explore a possible deficit in auditory central neural activity in tinnitus with noise induced hearing loss (NIHL), auditory event related potentials (ERP) and reaction time (RT) were recorded (measures of central processing) from tinnitus patients (N = 12) and hearing and age matched controls (N = 12). Testing procedure included oddball paradigms and 1 KHz repetitive stimulus, as well as click-induced brainstem auditory evoked potentials (BAEP). ERP amplitudes (waves N1, P2 and P3) in tinnitus patients were significantly lower than in controls in all testing paradigms. No differences were found in ERP peak latencies, BAEP, RT, or response scoring. The lower ERP amplitudes may indicate attenuated or 'abnormal' auditory central processing in NIHL tinnitus patients. It is suggested that this dysfunction reflects an adaptive brain process response to the tinnitus and points to auditory central involvement in tinnitus sensation.
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Abstract
"This paper examines data from published sources and ethnographic studies conducted by the authors in Oakland, California and Philadelphia [Pennsylvania] to assess the economic situation of Vietnamese refugees in the United States. Evidence suggests that in strong contrast to being a 'success story,' the economic status of many recently arrived Vietnamese refugees is characterized by unstable, minimum-wage employment, welfare dependency and participation in the informal economy. The paper suggests that the group's economic opportunities have been limited by the configuration of circumstances that have surrounded their entry and settlement into the United States as refugees, as well as by the demographic structure of the group."
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION Three patients with otologic disorders developed complications related to hypercoagulability. This report was prepared to increase the awareness among otolaryngologists of the diagnosis and management of hypercoagulable states, and to encourage expert consultation when indicated. MATERIALS AND METHODS One patient with dural venous sinus thrombosis complicating an otitis media, one patient with a large glomus jugulare tumor, and one patient with a sudden sensorineural hearing loss were treated by the otolaryngology service. Suspicious thromboembolic events were evaluated by the hematology service, and appropriate anticoagulative therapy was recommended. RESULTS One patient with an inherited hypercoagulopathy and two patients with acquired hypercoagulopathies were treated for otologic problems. Two of the patients were stabilized and discharged on life-long anticoagulation therapy. The third patient, in spite of intensive medical and surgical support, eventually succumbed to complications to which an acquired hypercoagulable state made a significant contribution. Expert consultants made the hematologic diagnoses and treatment recommendations. CONCLUSION Otolaryngologists should be aware that hypercoagulable states may now be more accurately diagnosed and characterized, and that thorough investigation of thromboembolic events may affect treatment decisions.
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Gold S. Dr Peter Samman. Br J Dermatol 1993; 128:699-700. [PMID: 8338757 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.1993.tb00270.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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Attias J, Shemesh Z, Sohmer H, Gold S, Shoham C, Faraggi D. Comparison between self-hypnosis, masking and attentiveness for alleviation of chronic tinnitus. AUDIOLOGY : OFFICIAL ORGAN OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY OF AUDIOLOGY 1993; 32:205-12. [PMID: 8489481 DOI: 10.3109/00206099309072936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The efficacy of self-hypnosis (SH), masking (MA) and attentiveness to the patient's complaints (AT) in the alleviation of tinnitus was evaluated. Forty-five male patients close in age with chronic tinnitus related to acoustic trauma were assigned to three matched subgroups: SH, AT or MA. The therapeutic stimuli in the SH and MA sessions, recorded on audio cassettes, were given to the patients for use when needed. SH significantly reduced the tinnitus severity; AT partially relieved the tinnitus; MA did not have any significant effect.
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Hooper SR, Whitt JK, Tennison M, Burchinal M, Gold S, Hall C. Behavioral adaptation to human immunodeficiency virus-seropositive status in children and adolescents with hemophilia. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF DISEASES OF CHILDREN (1960) 1993; 147:541-5. [PMID: 8488800 DOI: 10.1001/archpedi.1993.02160290047024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the behavioral adaptation to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-seropositive status, as defined by parental report, in children and adolescents with hemophilia. RESEARCH DESIGN A clinical descriptive study of two groups of patients as part of a longitudinal design. SETTING A university-based comprehensive hemophilia center and department of neurology acquired immunodeficiency syndrome dementia center. PATIENTS Forty-six male children with hemophilia divided into two groups based on HIV-seropositive (n = 18) or -seronegative (n = 28) status. None of the patients were symptomatic for acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. SELECTION PROCEDURES All pediatric patients with documented factor VII or IX deficiency aged between 4 and 19 years at study onset and their families were eligible to participate. All subjects were recruited without regard to human immunodeficiency virus status. INTERVENTIONS None. MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS Profiles of behavioral adjustment were obtained from parents' reports on the Child Behavior Checklist for the HIV-seropositive and HIV-seronegative groups. The two groups did not differ on any of the major indexes of the Child Behavior Checklist, even after adjusting for maternal education and severity of hemophilia. There also was no difference between the groups when individual cases were examined for the number of child behavior checklist scales falling within a clinically significant range. CONCLUSIONS The current findings fail to confirm any clear evidence of behavioral problems in an asymptomatic group of HIV-seropositive children and adolescents with hemophilia.
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Bergman H, Clarfield AM, Ouslander J, Kane R, Burton JR, Gold S. Same patients, different systems: clinical implications for the care of the elderly. J Am Geriatr Soc 1992; 40:1178-82. [PMID: 1401707 DOI: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.1992.tb01811.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Feldman EB, Gold S, Greene J, Moran J, Xu G, Shultz GG, Hames CG, Feldman DS. Ascorbic acid supplements and blood pressure. A four-week pilot study. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1992; 669:342-4. [PMID: 1444043 DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1992.tb17118.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Gold S, Wong WF, Schatz IJ, Blanchette PL. Invasive treatment for coronary artery disease in the elderly. ARCHIVES OF INTERNAL MEDICINE 1991; 151:1085-8. [PMID: 2043011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The widespread availability of coronary artery bypass grafting and percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty presents important treatment options for the older patient. The findings from a number of surgical series of coronary artery bypass grafting and percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty are summarized. Certain trends are evident. Perioperative mortality, cardiovascular morbidity, and other complications, while declining, remain somewhat higher in elderly patients. However, the impact of age alone is slight. In both coronary artery bypass grafting and percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty, complications are more closely correlated with the presence of serious concomitant disease. Long-term survival and pain relief after coronary artery bypass grafting are excellent in older patients, and percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty may be the treatment of choice in some elderly patients with coronary artery disease. As in younger patients, prolongation of survival should not be the exclusive goal. Rather, a focus on quality of life and freedom from dependency should be seriously considered.
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Abstract
We report a case of white fibrous papulosis of the neck in a 70-year-old Iranian woman. To date this recently reported entity has only been described in Japanese patients. This asymptomatic eruption characteristically affects the posterior neck. The pale papules are round to oval 2-3 mm in diameter, and not follicular. Histology shows thickened collagen bundles in the superficial and mid-dermis with a normal elastic pattern.
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Scott MS, Greenfield DB, Partridge MF, Gold S. Group differences and individual classification accuracy associated with letter/word oddity problems. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MENTAL RETARDATION : AJMR 1991; 95:404-16. [PMID: 2003910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The ability of 27 pairs of mildly mentally retarded and normally achieving 6- through 8-year-old students to apply an oddity rule to an experimental set of letter and word oddity problems was assessed. The mildly retarded group evidenced a markedly lower level of performance on all five experimental oddity problems, but they did evidence successful generalization to oddity arrays that visually were very different from those used in training. High levels (greater than 90%) of sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive accuracy, and negative predictive accuracy were observed using only six cards. Only slightly lower (greater than or equal to 85%) values were obtained when using a cut-off score. This subset of six cards is, therefore, an excellent candidate for inclusion in a cognitive preschool screening test being developed for the early detection of children with mild mental retardation.
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Gold JE, Ghali V, Gold S, Brown JC, Zalusky R. Angiocentric immunoproliferative lesion/T-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and the acquired immune deficiency syndrome: a case report and review of the literature. Cancer 1990; 66:2407-13. [PMID: 2245397 DOI: 10.1002/1097-0142(19901201)66:11<2407::aid-cncr2820661127>3.0.co;2-n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The lesions known as lymphocytic vasculitis, polymorphic reticulosis (midline malignant reticulosis, lethal midline granuloma), lymphomatoid granulomatosis, and angiocentric lymphoma form what have been collectively termed the angiocentric immunoproliferative lesions (AIL). Because of recent reports demonstrating clonal rearrangements of the T-cell receptor in these lesions, the AIL are now thought to represent a continuous spectrum of post-thymic T-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). NHL associated with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) represents intermediate or high-grade B-cell malignancies in HIV-infected patients that may be etiologically related to the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). There have been reports of EBV-associated T-cell NHL, AIL, and large granular lymphocyte (LGL) proliferations, as well as HIV-associated T-cell neoplasia, LGL/T-cell proliferations, and AIL. We describe a case of polymorphic reticulosis (lethal midline granuloma) arising in an HIV-infected individual, who later progressed to AIDS, and review the literature on HIV-associated and EBV-associated T-cell neoplasia, LGL/T-cell proliferations, and AIL. The etiology of this AIL/T-cell NHL, especially in relation to EBV and HIV, is discussed.
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Brooks AD, He SY, Gold S, Keen NT, Collmer A, Hutcheson SW. Molecular cloning of the structural gene for exopolygalacturonate lyase from Erwinia chrysanthemi EC16 and characterization of the enzyme product. J Bacteriol 1990; 172:6950-8. [PMID: 2254266 PMCID: PMC210815 DOI: 10.1128/jb.172.12.6950-6958.1990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The ability of Erwinia chrysanthemi to cause soft-rot diseases involving tissue maceration in many plants has been linked to the production of endo-pectate lyase E. chrysanthemi EC16 mutant UM1005, however, contains deletions in the pel genes that encode the known endopectate lyases, yet still macerates plant tissues. In an attempt to identify the remaining macerating factor(s), a gene library of UM1005 was constructed in Escherichia coli and screened for pectolytic activity. A clone (pPNL5) was identified in this library that contained the structural gene for an exopolygalacturonate lyase (ExoPL). The gene for ExoPL was localized on a 3.3-kb EcoRV fragment which contained an open reading frame for a 79,500-Da polypeptide. ExoPL was purified to apparent homogeneity from Escherichia coli DH5 alpha (pPNL5) and found to have an apparent molecular weight of 76,000 with an isoelectric point of 8.6. Purified ExoPL had optimal activity between pH 7.5 and 8.0 and could utilize pectate, citrus pectin, and highly methyl-esterified Link pectin as substrates. A PL- ExoPL- mutant of EC16 was constructed that exhibited reduced growth on pectate, but retained pathogenicity on chrysanthemum equivalent to that of UM1005. The results indicate that ExoPL does not contribute to the residual macerating activity of UM1005.
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Drabkin H, Wright M, Jonsen M, Varkony T, Jones C, Sage M, Gold S, Morse H, Mendez M, Erickson P. Development of a somatic cell hybrid mapping panel and molecular probes for human chromosome 3. Genomics 1990; 8:435-46. [PMID: 2286371 DOI: 10.1016/0888-7543(90)90029-t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
A somatic cell hybrid mapping panel and molecular probes have been developed for human chromosome 3. This panel defines 11 regions for the short and long arms of the chromosome. Four hundred thirty-two probes have been mapped using these hybrids. One hundred thirty-one of these probes were derived from EcoRI and HindIII flow-sorted libraries. The remaining 301 probes were isolated from NotI boundary and random (partial MboI) libraries constructed from a hybrid that provided a relative enrichment in 3p DNA sequences. For some regions of the chromosome, significant differences in the distribution of probes were noted. This was observed for both the unique sequence flow-sorted and NotI probes. These differences are in agreement with previous suggestions that Giemsa light bands are GC-rich, and therefore gene-rich (especially housekeeping genes), and that the Giemsa dark bands may contain DNA that is more highly condensed. The isolation of probes from different types of libraries, or by different screening strategies, appears to reduce deficiencies that might arise from the use of probes derived with a more limited approach. These hybrids and probes should facilitate the construction of physical and genetic linkage maps to identify various disease loci involving chromosome 3.
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Attias J, Sohmer H, Gold S, Haran I, Shahar A. Noise and hypoxia induced temporary threshold shifts in rats studied by ABR. Hear Res 1990; 45:247-52. [PMID: 2162814 DOI: 10.1016/0378-5955(90)90124-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Rats were exposed for 2 h either to 115 dB SPL noise, to 5% oxygen in nitrogen (hypoxia) or to both hypoxia and noise. Auditory nerve-brainstem evoked responses (ABR) to 80 dB HL clicks and threshold were recorded prior to exposure, immediately (5-10 min) after the exposure, 2 h after and 2 weeks after the exposure. The findings in each experimental animal were compared to those in the control (non-exposed) group and to those in the other groups. Thresholds were elevated in each of the experimental groups, but these were temporary threshold shifts, since 2 weeks following the exposure, threshold had returned to normal. Latencies (wave I and the IV-I interpeak latency difference- (IPLD] were prolonged in the groups exposed to hypoxia (hypoxia alone and hypoxia + noise). These results are discussed in view of possible mechanisms of these noise and hypoxia induced temporary threshold shifts.
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Barnea G, Attias J, Gold S, Shahar A. Tinnitus with normal hearing sensitivity: extended high-frequency audiometry and auditory-nerve brain-stem-evoked responses. AUDIOLOGY : OFFICIAL ORGAN OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY OF AUDIOLOGY 1990; 29:36-45. [PMID: 2310352 DOI: 10.3109/00206099009081644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Extended high-frequency (HF) audiometry and auditory-nerve brain-stem-evoked responses (ABR) were carried out on two groups of subjects with normal hearing sensitivity. The experimental group comprised 17 subjects with tinnitus, while the control group consisted of age- and sex-matched subjects, not suffering from tinnitus. The aim of the study was to determine whether extended HF audiometry or ABR might reveal significant differences between these two groups of subjects with normal hearing sensitivity. In addition, the characteristics of tinnitus in subjects with normal audiograms were discussed. The results of extended HF audiometry showed no significant differences between the subjects with and without tinnitus. The ABR parameters considered were also within normal limits bilaterally. Based on the methods employed in this study, tinnitus in normal listeners does not appear to reflect appreciable damage in the cochlea or in the brain-stem auditory pathways. The authors present some suggestions for future research.
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