51
|
Rupert AE, Ou Y, Sandberg M, Weber SG. Assessment of tissue viability following electroosmotic push-pull perfusion from organotypic hippocampal slice cultures. ACS Chem Neurosci 2013; 4:849-57. [PMID: 23639590 PMCID: PMC3656745 DOI: 10.1021/cn4000814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
We have developed a novel sampling technique that allows both introduction and removal of fluid from the extracellular space of living tissue. This method is based on the fluidics of push-pull perfusion but flow is driven by electroosmosis. We have applied this method to organotypic hippocampal cultures. A source capillary is inserted into the tissue and a collection capillary is in contact with the tissue surface through a thin layer of fluid. A voltage is applied across the proximal ends of source and collection capillary. In the applied field, fluid will move from source, into the tissue, and then be collected. In this process, damage to cells may occur. To understand better what sampling conditions influence damage most, we tested various sampling geometries and applied voltages, quantifying damage 16-24 h later using propidium iodide as a cell death marker. We found that damage correlates with both voltage drop and power dissipated in the tissue, but that voltage drop is a better indicator of damage when comparing models in which capillary arrangement and length are different.
Collapse
|
52
|
Pancari G, Fan H, Smith S, Joshi A, Haimbach R, Clark D, Li Y, Hua J, McKelvey T, Ou Y, Drummond J, Cope L, Montgomery D, McNeely T. Characterization of the mechanism of protection mediated by CS-D7, a monoclonal antibody to Staphylococcus aureus iron regulated surface determinant B (IsdB). Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2012; 2:36. [PMID: 22919628 PMCID: PMC3417506 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2012.00036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2011] [Accepted: 03/03/2012] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously reported the development of a human monoclonal antibody (CS-D7, IgG1) with specificity and affinity for the iron regulated surface determinant B (IsdB) of Staphylococcus aureus. CS-D7 mediates opsonophagocytic killing in vitro and protection in a murine sepsis model. In light of recent data indicating that IsdB specific T cells (CD4+, Th17), not Ab, mediate protection after vaccination with IsdB, it is important to investigate the mechanism of protection mediated by CS-D7. The mAb was examined to determine if it blocked heme binding to IsdB in vitro. The mAb was not found to have heme blocking activity, nor did it prevent bacterial growth under in vivo conditions, in an implanted growth chamber. To assess the role of the mAb Fc a point mutation was introduced at aa 297 (CS-D7·N297A). This point mutation removes Fc effector functions. In vitro analysis of the mutein confirmed that it lacked measurable binding to FcγR, and that it did not fix complement. The mutein had dramatically reduced in vitro opsonic OP activity compared to CS-D7. Nonetheless, the mutein conferred protection equivalent to the wild type mAb in the murine sepsis model. Both wild type and mutein mAbs were efficacious in FcγR deletion mice (including both FcγRII−/− mice and FcγRIII−/− mice), indicating that these receptors were not essential for mAb mediated protection in vivo. Protection mediated by CS-D7 was lost in Balb/c mice depleted of C3 with cobra venom factor (CFV), was lost in mice depleted of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in P47phox deletion mice, and as previously reported, was absent in SCID mice (Joshi et al., 2012). Enhanced clearance of S. aureus in the liver of CS-D7 treated mice and enhanced production of IFN-γ, but not of IL17, may play a role in the mechanism of protection mediated by the mAb. CS-D7 apparently mediates survival in challenged mice through a mechanism involving complement, phagocytes, and lymphocytes, but which does not depend on interaction with FcγR, or on blocking heme uptake.
Collapse
|
53
|
Baumann B, Teo B, Pohl K, Ou Y, Doshi J, Alonso-Basanta M, Christodouleas J, Davatzikos C, Kao G, Dorsey J. Multiparametric Processing of Serial MRI during Radiation Therapy of Brain Tumors: ‘Finishing with FLAIR?’. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2011.06.1389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
54
|
Yang C, Ou Y, Chiu K, Su C, Cheng C, Wang J, Chen W. UP-02.226 Impacts of Pathological and Biochemical Outcome of Robotic-assisted Radical Prostatectomy Verses Radical Retropubic Prostatectomy in High Risk Group of Localized Prostate Cancer. Urology 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2011.07.1044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
|
55
|
Lamy A, Noiseux N, Kieser T, Fremes S, Bernstein V, Brown C, Novick R, Cartier R, Cheung A, Yau T, Ou Y. 533 Impact of clopidogrel on patients with ACS undergoing coronary bypass surgery: The practice study. Can J Cardiol 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2011.07.442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022] Open
|
56
|
Chang Y, Ou Y, Huang C, Chiang P, Chuang C, Kina S, Vekeman F, Goglia R, Neary M, Duh MS. Treatment (trx) of metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) with angiogenesis inhibitors (AIs): Safety and treatment patterns observed in Taiwanese patients. J Clin Oncol 2011. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2011.29.15_suppl.e15146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
|
57
|
Ou Y, Michaelson MD, Sengeløv L, Saad F, Houede N, Ostler PJ, Stenzl A, Daugaard G, Jones RJ, Laestadius F, Bahl A, Castellano DE, Gschwend J, Maurina T, Ye D, Chen I, Wang S, Maneval EC, Oudard S. Randomized, placebo-controlled, phase III trial of sunitinib in combination with prednisone (SU+P) versus prednisone (P) alone in men with progressive metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). J Clin Oncol 2011. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2011.29.15_suppl.4515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
|
58
|
Zhang N, Liu L, Dumitru CD, Cummings NRH, Cukan M, Jiang Y, Li Y, Li F, Mitchell T, Mallem MR, Ou Y, Patel RN, Vo K, Wang H, Burnina I, Choi BK, Huber H, Stadheim TA, Zha D. Glycoengineered Pichia produced anti-HER2 is comparable to trastuzumab in preclinical study. MAbs 2011; 3:289-98. [PMID: 21487242 PMCID: PMC3149709 DOI: 10.4161/mabs.3.3.15532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2011] [Accepted: 03/19/2011] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Mammalian cell culture systems are used predominantly for the production of therapeutic monoclonal antibody (mAb) products. A number of alternative platforms, such as Pichia engineered with a humanized N-linked glycosylation pathway, have recently been developed for the production of mAbs. The glycosylation profiles of mAbs produced in glycoengineered Pichia are similar to those of mAbs produced in mammalian systems. This report presents for the first time the comprehensive characterization of an anti-human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) mAb produced in a glycoengineered Pichia, and a study comparing the anti-HER2 from Pichia, which had an amino acid sequence identical to trastuzumab, with trastuzumab. The comparative study covered a full spectrum of preclinical evaluation, including bioanalytical characterization, in vitro biological functions, in vivo anti-tumor efficacy and pharmacokinetics in both mice and non-human primates. Cell signaling and proliferation assays showed that anti-HER2 from Pichia had antagonist activities comparable to trastuzumab. However, Pichia-produced material showed a 5-fold increase in binding affinity to FcγIIIA and significantly enhanced antibody dependant cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) activity, presumably due to the lack of fucose on N-glycans. In a breast cancer xenograft mouse model, anti-HER2 was comparable to trastuzumab in tumor growth inhibition. Furthermore, comparable pharmacokinetic profiles were observed for anti-HER2 and trastuzumab in both mice and cynomolgus monkeys. We conclude that glycoengineered Pichia provides an alternative production platform for therapeutic mAbs and may be of particular interest for production of antibodies for which ADCC is part of the clinical mechanism of action.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/genetics
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/immunology
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/metabolism
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/immunology
- Antibody Affinity/immunology
- Antibody-Dependent Cell Cytotoxicity/drug effects
- Antibody-Dependent Cell Cytotoxicity/immunology
- Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacokinetics
- Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology
- Area Under Curve
- Binding, Competitive/immunology
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- Cells, Cultured
- Drug Evaluation, Preclinical
- Fucose/metabolism
- Genetic Engineering
- Humans
- Macaca fascicularis
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Pichia/genetics
- Pichia/metabolism
- Polysaccharides/metabolism
- Protein Binding/immunology
- Receptor, ErbB-2/immunology
- Receptors, IgG/immunology
- Receptors, IgG/metabolism
- Recombinant Proteins/immunology
- Recombinant Proteins/pharmacokinetics
- Recombinant Proteins/pharmacology
- Trastuzumab
- Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
Collapse
|
59
|
Ha S, Ou Y, Vlasak J, Li Y, Wang S, Vo K, Du Y, Mach A, Fang Y, Zhang N. Isolation and characterization of IgG1 with asymmetrical Fc glycosylation. Glycobiology 2011; 21:1087-96. [PMID: 21470983 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwr047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
N-glycosylation of immunoglobulin G (IgG) at asparigine residue 297 plays a critical role in antibody stability and immune cell-mediated Fc effector function. Current understanding pertaining to Fc glycosylation is based on studies with IgGs that are either fully glycosylated [both heavy chain (HC) glycosylated] or aglycosylated (neither HC glycosylated). No study has been reported on the properties of hemi-glycosylated IgGs, antibodies with asymmetrical glycosylation in the Fc region such that one HC is glycosylated and the other is aglycosylated. We report here for the first time a detailed study of how hemi-glycosylation affects the stability and functional activities of an IgG1 antibody, mAb-X, in comparison to its fully glycosylated counterpart. Our results show that hemi-glycosylation does not impact Fab-mediated antigen binding, nor does it impact neonatal Fc receptor binding. Hemi-glycosylated mAb-X has slightly decreased thermal stability in the CH2 domain and a moderate decrease (∼20%) in C1q binding. More importantly, the hemi-glycosylated form shows significantly decreased binding affinities toward all Fc gamma receptors (FcγRs) including the high-affinity FcγRI, and the low-affinity FcγRIIA, FcγRIIB, FcγRIIIA and FcγRIIIB. The decreased binding affinities to FcγRs result in a 3.5-fold decrease in antibody-dependent cell cytotoxicity (ADCC). As ADCC often plays an important role in therapeutic antibody efficacy, glycosylation status will not only affect the antibody quality but also may impact the biological function of the product.
Collapse
|
60
|
Vickery R, Li Y, Bourdet D, Ou Y, Beattie D, Kohler R, Webster L, Singla N, Daniels O. Pharmacokinetics and constipation relieving effects of TD-1211 in patients with opioid-induced constipation. THE JOURNAL OF PAIN 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpain.2011.02.239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|
61
|
Huang E, Wang C, Hsu H, Sun L, Chanchien C, Lin H, Chen H, Tseng C, Ou Y, Chang H. Pretreatment Carcinoembryonic Antigen Level is a Risk Factor of Para-aortic Lymph Node Recurrence in Addition to Squamous Cell Carcinoma Antigen after Definitive Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy For Squamous Cell Carcinoma Of The Uterine Cervix. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2010.07.934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
62
|
Amarasena N, Spencer J, Ou Y, Brennan D. Dentine hypersensitivity - Australian dentists' perspective. Aust Dent J 2010; 55:181-7. [PMID: 20604761 DOI: 10.1111/j.1834-7819.2010.01223.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dentine hypersensitivity is a frequent clinical presentation though inadequately comprehended by dentists. The objective of this study was to describe Australian dentists' perception on the occurrence, predisposing factors, triggers, diagnosis and management of dentine hypersensitivity. METHODS Eight hundred dentists were randomly selected using the Australian Dental Association membership list and invited to participate in a questionnaire-based survey. RESULTS Out of 295 responding dentists, 284 private practitioners were included in the final analysis. Most dentists perceived that the occurrence of dentine hypersensitivity was <20% and commonest among 30-49 year olds. According to them, abrasion and gingival recession were the main predisposing factors whilst cold stimuli were the commonest trigger. A differential diagnosis-based approach was adopted by a majority to diagnose dentine hypersensitivity although routine screening was resorted to by a few. Most dentists were aware of the current mechanisms underlying dentine hypersensitivity whereas the majority perceived that ongoing predisposing factors was the main reason for dentine tubules to remain exposed. The commonest management strategy employed by most dentists was to prescribe desensitizing agents for home use. CONCLUSIONS Australian dentists' perception of dentine hypersensitivity is generally consistent with the current scientific consensus on this subject.
Collapse
|
63
|
Traina-Dorge V, Pahar B, Marx P, Kissinger P, Montefiori D, Ou Y, Gray WL. Recombinant varicella vaccines induce neutralizing antibodies and cellular immune responses to SIV and reduce viral loads in immunized rhesus macaques. Vaccine 2010; 28:6483-90. [PMID: 20654666 PMCID: PMC3061394 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2010.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2010] [Revised: 07/03/2010] [Accepted: 07/07/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The development of an effective AIDS vaccine remains one of the highest priorities in HIV research. The live, attenuated varicella-zoster virus (VZV) Oka vaccine, safe and effective for prevention of chickenpox and zoster, also has potential as a recombinant vaccine against other pathogens, including human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The simian varicella model, utilizing simian varicella virus (SVV), offers an approach to evaluate recombinant varicella vaccine candidates. Recombinant SVV (rSVV) vaccine viruses expressing simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) env and gag antigens were constructed. The hypothesis tested was that a live, attenuated rSVV-SIV vaccine will induce immune responses against SIV in the rhesus macaques and provide protection against SIV challenge. The results demonstrated that rSVV-SIV vaccination induced low levels of neutralizing antibodies and cellular immune responses to SIV in immunized rhesus macaques and significantly reduced viral loads following intravenous challenge with pathogenic SIVmac251-CX-1.
Collapse
|
64
|
Burns JA, Li Y, Cheney CA, Ou Y, Franlin-Pfeifer LL, Kuklin N, Zhang ZQ. Choice of fixative is crucial to successful immunohistochemical detection of phosphoproteins in paraffin-embedded tumor tissues. J Histochem Cytochem 2008; 57:257-64. [PMID: 19001637 DOI: 10.1369/jhc.2008.952911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein phosphorylation is frequently used as an indicator of cellular signaling activity. Elevated phosphorylation of tyrosine kinase receptors plays an important role in cancer pathogenesis. However, phosphoproteins are usually poorly preserved in clinical tissue samples that are routinely fixed in 10% formalin. Nonetheless, in oncology clinical trials, use of phosphoproteins as biomarkers has been considered to be of great value in evaluating the effectiveness of a given drug candidate. Therefore, it is worthy of investigating whether alternative fixatives would improve the preservation of phosphoproteins in tissue. We compared the IHC staining of a number of phosphoproteins in xenograft and human surgical tumor tissues fixed in three different fixatives: 10% formalin, 4% paraformaldehyde (PFA), and Streck's tissue fixative (STF). We found that STF significantly enhanced the staining intensity of phosphoproteins compared with 10% formalin or 4% PFA. STF fixative also showed superiority of preservation of phosphoproteins in human surgical samples. Our results indicate that the choice of fixative could significantly affect the usability of clinical tissue samples for evaluating phosphoprotein by IHC.
Collapse
|
65
|
Ou Y, Yang C, Cheng C. MP-4.05: Comparison of Robotic-Assisted Versus Retropubic Radical Prostatectomy Performed by a Single Surgeon. Urology 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2008.08.247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
66
|
Yang C, Ou Y, Yuan S. POD-7.10: Blocking AKT Pathway Inhibits X-IAP and Enhances Taxol-induced Apoptosis of Bladder Cancer. Urology 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2008.08.163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
67
|
Wu CM, Cao JL, Zheng MH, Ou Y, Zhang L, Zhu XQ, Song JX. Effect and mechanism of andrographolide on the recovery of Pseudomonas aeruginosa susceptibility to several antibiotics. J Int Med Res 2008; 36:178-86. [PMID: 18304418 DOI: 10.1177/147323000803600123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Effectiveness and mechanism of action of andrographolide on the recovery of Pseudomonas aeruginosa susceptibility to antibiotics was investigated. In the presence of andrographolide, the Mueller-Hinton broth dilution method measured minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of ceftazidine, cefpirome, chloramphenicol, L-ofloxacin, kanamycin, imipenem and meropenem. Real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to determine mexB mRNA expressions in P. aeruginosa PAO1 strain and MexAB-OprM overexpressing strain. Relative mexB mRNA expression was detected in both strains incubated for 3 and 9 h. When andrographolide-treated groups were compared with controls, the MIC of ceftazidine, cefpirome, L-ofloxacin and meropenem for both strains decreased, and the relative mexB mRNA expression was significantly lower, although between andrographolide groups there were no significant differences. Compared with the inactivated quorum-sensing system, relative amounts of mexB mRNA in the PAO1 strain and MexAB-OprM overexpressing strain in the activated quorum-sensing system increased 10- and 30-fold, respectively. Andrographolide recovered P. aeruginosa susceptibility to antibiotics and reduced the MexAB-OprM efflux pump expression level.
Collapse
|
68
|
Ou Y, Luce T, Schuster E, Ferron J, Walker M, Xu C, Humphreys D. Towards model-based current profile control at DIII-D. FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2007.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
69
|
Ou Y, Xu C, Schuster E, Luce TC, Ferron JR, Walker ML. Extremum-Seeking Finite-Time Optimal Control of Plasma Current Profile at the DIII-D Tokamak. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1109/acc.2007.4283102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|
70
|
Strege PR, Mazzone A, Kraichely RE, Sha L, Holm AN, Ou Y, Lim I, Gibbons SJ, Sarr MG, Farrugia G. Species dependent expression of intestinal smooth muscle mechanosensitive sodium channels. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2007; 19:135-43. [PMID: 17244168 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2982.2006.00844.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
A mechanosensitive Na(+) current carried by Na(v)1.5 is present in human intestinal circular smooth muscle and contributes to regulation of intestinal motor function. Expression of this channel in different species is unknown. Our aim was to determine if Na(+) currents and message for the alpha subunit of the Na(+) channel (SCN5A) are found in circular smooth muscle cells of human, dog, pig, mouse and guinea pig jejunum. Currents were recorded using patch clamp techniques. Message for SCN5A was investigated using laser capture microdissection and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Na(+) currents were identified consistently in human and dog smooth muscle cells; however, Na(+) current was not found in pig (0/20) or guinea pig smooth muscle cells (0/21) and found only one mouse cell (1/21). SCN5A mRNA was found in circular muscle of human, dog, and mouse, but not in pig or guinea pig, and not in mouse longitudinal or mucosal layers. In summary, SCN5A message is expressed in, and Na(+) current recorded from, circular muscle layer of human and dog but not from pig and guinea pig. These data show that there are species differences in expression of the SCN5A-encoded Na(v)1.5 channel, suggesting species-specific differences in the electrophysiological response to mechanical and depolarizing stimuli.
Collapse
|
71
|
Wang Q, Lucien E, Hashimoto A, Pais GCG, Nelson DM, Song Y, Thanassi JA, Marlor CW, Thoma CL, Cheng J, Podos SD, Ou Y, Deshpande M, Pucci MJ, Buechter DD, Bradbury BJ, Wiles JA. Isothiazoloquinolones with Enhanced Antistaphylococcal Activities against Multidrug-Resistant Strains: Effects of Structural Modifications at the 6-, 7-, and 8-Positions. J Med Chem 2006; 50:199-210. [PMID: 17228862 DOI: 10.1021/jm060844e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We describe the biological evaluation of isothiazoloquinolones (ITQs) having structural modifications at the 6-, 7-, and 8-positions. Addition of a methoxy substituent to C-8 effected an increase in antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and a decrease in cytotoxic activity against Hep2 cells. Removal of fluorine from C-6 or replacement of the C-8 carbon with a nitrogen compromised anti-MRSA activity. When the groups attached at C-7 were compared, the anti-MRSA activity decreased in the order 6-isoquinolinyl > 4-pyridinyl > 5-dihydroisoindolyl > 6-tetrahydroisoquinolinyl. The compound with the most desirable in vitro biological profile was 9-cyclopropyl-6-fluoro-8-methoxy-7-(2-methylpyridin-4-yl)-9H-isothiazolo[5,4-b]quinoline-3,4-dione (7g). This ITQ demonstrated (i) strong in vitro anti-MRSA activity (MIC90 = 0.5 microg/mL), (ii) strong inhibitory activities against S. aureus DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV, with weak activity against human topoisomerase II, (iii) weak cytotoxic activities against three cell lines, and (iv) efficacy in an in vivo murine thigh model of infection employing MRSA.
Collapse
|
72
|
Gray WL, Davis K, Ou Y, Ashburn C, Ward TM. Simian varicella virus gene 61 encodes a viral transactivator but is non-essential for in vitro replication. Arch Virol 2006; 152:553-63. [PMID: 17115302 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-006-0866-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2006] [Accepted: 09/01/2006] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Simian varicella virus (SVV) is closely related to varicella-zoster virus (VZV), the causative agent of chickenpox and shingles. The SVV and VZV gene 61 polypeptides are homologs of the HSV-1 ICP0, a viral transactivator which appears to play a role in viral latency and reactivation. In this study, the molecular properties of the SVV 61 were characterized. The SVV open reading frame (ORF) 61 encodes a 54.1-kDa polypeptide with 37% amino acid identity to the VZV 61. Homology to the HSV-1 ICP-0 is limited to a conserved RING finger motif at the amino terminus of the protein. A nuclear localization sequence (nls) at the carboxy-terminus directs the SVV 61 to the cell nucleus, while a SVV 61nls(-) mutant is confined to the cell cytoplasm. The SVV 61 transactivates its own promoter as well as SVV immediate early (IE, ORF 62), early (ORFs 28 and 29), and late (ORF 68) gene promoters in transfected Vero cells. The RING finger and nls motifs are required for efficient SVV 61 transactivation. The SVV 61 has no effect on the ability of the major SVV transactivator (IE62) to induce SVV promoters. Generation and propagation of a SVV gene 61 deletion mutant demonstrated that the SVV 61 is non-essential for in vitro replication. SVV gene 61 is expressed in liver, lung, and neural ganglia of infected monkeys during acute simian varicella.
Collapse
|
73
|
Ou Y, Twu C, Cheng C, Ho H, Yang C. UP-02.20. Urology 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2006.08.761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
74
|
Wiles JA, Wang Q, Lucien E, Hashimoto A, Song Y, Cheng J, Marlor CW, Ou Y, Podos SD, Thanassi JA, Thoma CL, Deshpande M, Pucci MJ, Bradbury BJ. Isothiazoloquinolones containing functionalized aromatic hydrocarbons at the 7-position: Synthesis and in vitro activity of a series of potent antibacterial agents with diminished cytotoxicity in human cells. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2006; 16:1272-6. [PMID: 16337791 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2005.11.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2005] [Accepted: 11/18/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
This report describes 9H-isothiazolo[5,4-b]quinoline-3,4-diones (ITQs) containing aromatic groups at the 7-position that were prepared using palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling and tested against a panel of susceptible and resistant bacteria. In general, these compounds were more effective against Gram-positive than Gram-negative organisms. Many of the ITQs were more potent than contemporary quinolones and displayed a particularly strong antistaphylococcal activity against a clinically important, multi-drug-resistant strain. In contrast with ITQs reported previously, several of the analogues described in this Letter demonstrated low cytotoxic activity against a human cell line.
Collapse
|
75
|
Wiles JA, Song Y, Wang Q, Lucien E, Hashimoto A, Cheng J, Marlor CW, Ou Y, Podos SD, Thanassi JA, Thoma CL, Deshpande M, Pucci MJ, Bradbury BJ. Biological evaluation of isothiazoloquinolones containing aromatic heterocycles at the 7-position: In vitro activity of a series of potent antibacterial agents that are effective against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2005; 16:1277-81. [PMID: 16337789 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2005.11.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2005] [Accepted: 11/18/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
We synthesized a diverse series of 9H-isothiazolo[5,4-b]quinoline-3,4-diones containing heteroaromatic groups at the 7-position via palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling. Many of these compounds demonstrated potent antistaphylococcal activity (MICs 2 microg/mL) against a multi-drug-resistant strain (ATCC 700699) and low cytotoxic activity (CC(50)>100 microM) against the human cell line Hep2 (laryngeal carcinoma).
Collapse
|