Either high-mannose-type or hybrid-type oligosaccharide is linked to the same asparagine residue in ovalbumin

After pepsin digestion, all of the carbohydrates in ovalbumin were recovered in two glycopeptides, Glu-Glu-Lys-Tyr-Asn(CHO)-Leu-Thr-Ser-Val and Glu-Gln-Lys-Tyr-Asn(CHO)-Leu-Thr-Ser-Val. Almond glycopeptidase released quantitatively oligosaccharides from the glycopeptides. The products from both glycopeptides contained both the high-mannose-type oligosaccharides and the hybrid-type oligosaccharides in the same ratio. Thus, either the high-mannose-type or the hybrid-type oligosaccharide is attached to the unique asparagine residue in the ovalbumin molecule.

Intravenous glucose tolerance test during anaesthesia in dogs: insulin response and glucose clearance

To evaluate the insulin response and the rates of disappearance of glucose from plasma during high spinal analgesia and various types of general anaesthesia, a series of intravenous glucose tolerance tests was performed in six dogs. Plasma glucose and insulin levels were measured during the intravenous glucose tolerance tests. Insulinogenic indices were calculated. The values obtained during anaesthesia were compared to those obtained during an unanaesthetized state. The insulinogenic index was increased significantly during high spinal analgesia and thiopentone infusion. Halothane and enflurane anaesthesia decreased the insulinogenic index significantly while Innovar-nitrous oxide also decreased it, but not significantly. These findings suggest that insulin secretion in response to hyperglycaemia is stimulated by spinal analgesia and thiopentone anaesthesia, depressed by halothane and enflurane anaesthesia and unchanged during neuroleptanesthesia. A diuresis was observed in the thiopentone anaesthetic and spinal analgesic groups as compared to the other general anaesthetic groups. Urinary losses of insulin and glucose paralleled urinary output; yet the greatest mean urinary loss of glucose did not exceed 4.5 per cent of the load of glucose administered. Accordingly, 95 per cent of the administered glucose remained within the body, presumably available for utilization.

[Acute subdural hygroma in the posterior fossa (author's transl)]

A 2-year-old girl was admitted to Chugoku Rosai Hospital one hour after a car accident on July 16, 1978. On admission she was conscious and no physical or neurologic abnormality was found. However, 2 hours and a half after the accident, she was attacked suddenly by generalized convulsion, and then became comatose with apnea. Bilateral horizontal nystagmus to the left, rhythmic constriction and dilation of the pupils reacting to light, and flaccid tetraplegia were recognized. Plain skull films revealed a linear fracture in the right posterior fossa, which crossed the transverse this region. A burr hole was made in the left posterior fossa, and slightly xanthochromic fluid, 30 to 40 microliter in volume, under high pressure was evacuated from the subdural space. A burr hole on the right side disclosed no abnormality. Spontaneous respiration returned immediately and consciousness became clear 5 hours after the surgery. No neurologic deficit was detect and postoperative EEG was normal. She was discharged from the hospital on July 27, 1978. Ten cases of acute subdural hygroma in the posterior fossa, including the present case, were analyzed. This lesion is able to be cured completely by a simple operation even in coma with apnea, if diagnosis made promptly and the surgery is carried out without delay. In cases of acute head injury, it is quite important to have a possibility of the infratentorial lesion in mind and to find it with the aids of plain skull film of Towne's view, CT scan, and VAG if necessary.

Complete structure of the carbohydrate moiety of stem bromelain. An application of the almond glycopeptidase for structural studies of glycopeptides

Asparagine-linked oligosaccharides of stem bromelain glycopeptides were quantitatively released by digestion with the almond glycopeptidase which cleaves beta-aspartylglycosylamine linkage in glycopeptides with oligopeptide moieties. The primary structures of the two oligosaccharide components, (Man)3(Xyl)1(Fuc)1(GlcNAc)2 and (Man)2-(Xyl)1(Fuc)1(GlcNAc)2 were elucidated as Man alpha 1 leads to 6Man alpha 1 leads to 6[Xyl beta 1 leads to 2]Man beta 1 leads to 4GlcNAc beta 1 leads 4[Fuc alpha 1 leads to 3]GlcNAc and Man alpha 1 leads to 6[Xyl beta 1 leads to 2]Man beta 1 leads to 4 GlcNAc beta 1 leads to 4[Fuc alpha 1 leads to 3] GlcNAc, respectively.

Effects of enflurane anaesthesia and surgery on endocrine function in man

Forty-five patients underwent enflurane anaesthesia and surgery. Anaesthesia alone evoked little change in the plasma concentrations of ACTH, cortisol or antidiuretic hormone (ADH), but there were significant increases during surgery. The plasma levels of aldosterone rose during anaesthesia alone, and a further increase was noted during surgery. Neither enflurane anaesthesia nor surgery significantly influenced plasma concentrations of renin activity and thyroxine. A significant decrease in the plasma triiodothyronine levels was detected during anaesthesia alone, and a further decrease was found during and following surgery. Enflurane anaesthesia did not affect the plasma level of luteinizing hormone (LH) in male subjects throughout surgery, but a significant decrease was detected in female patients on the first postoperative day. The plasma concentrations of testosterone decreased during anaesthesia alone and surgery, and a further decrease was noted on the first postoperative day.

Simultaneous surgical treatment of tetralogy of Fallot and coronary artery aneurysm due to mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome in a 4-year-old child

The simultaneous correction of tetralogy of Fallot and an aneurysm of the coronary artery due to mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome (MCLS) in a 4-year-old boy was successfully performed. Of the four aneurysms found on the coronary angiogram at the age of six months, the smaller three regressed spontaneously leaving slight dilatation and thickening of the arterial wall during the 4-year follow-up period. However, the largest one in the right coronary artery, which remained almost the same size, showed marked stagnation of blood in the aneurysm with the possibility of thrombosis and resultant myocardial infarction. At operation, there was a large aneurysm in the right coronary artery, 9 mm in width and 18 mm in length. The wall of the aneurysm was very thick and tightly adherent to the myocardium. The aneurysm was resected and an aorto-coronary bypass graft was fashioned from a saphenous vein taken from the patient's mother, since an autogenous vein was not available. A ventricular septal defect was closed and pulmonary stenosis was relieved without any difficulty. Postoperative cardiac catheterization and coronary angiography four weeks after the operation revealed satisfactory correction of the tetralogy of Fallot and a patent aorto-coronary vein graft. Several problems regarding surgical treatment of coronary artery aneurysm due to MCLS are discussed.

Different effects of D-glucose anomers for respiration of bacterial germinated spores

Effects of alpha- or beta-D-glucose on the respiration of germinated spores (only germinated spores not including swollen spores and elongated spores) of Bacillus subtilis and B. megaterium were studied. In our conditions, net amount of oxygen consumed by 10(10) germinated spores of B. subtilis per min after addition of alpha- or beta-D-glucose was 1.6 microgram or 6.6 microgram (beta/alpha = 4.13), while that by B.megaterium was 4.5 microgram of 6.8 microgram (beta/alpha = 1.51), respectively. However, the net amounts of oxygen consumed by 10(10) vegetative cells per min after addition of alpha- or beta-D-glucose were identical, for B.subtillis in both cases 443.0 microgram and for B.megaterium in both cases 604.4 microgram.