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Chang JC, Leung JH, Tang T, Hartwig MG, Holzknecht ZE, Parker W, Davis RD, Lin SS. In the face of chronic aspiration, prolonged ischemic time exacerbates obliterative bronchiolitis in rat pulmonary allografts. Am J Transplant 2012; 12:2930-7. [PMID: 22882880 PMCID: PMC4332511 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-6143.2012.04215.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Aspiration of gastric fluid into the lung mediates the development of obliterative bronchiolitis (OB) in orthotopic WKY-to-F344 rat pulmonary transplants that have been subjected to immunosuppression with cyclosporine. However, the contribution of ischemic time to this process remains unknown. In this study, the effect of long (n = 16) and short (n = 12) ischemic times (average of 6 h and of 73 min, respectively) on rat lung transplants receiving aspiration of gastric fluid was assessed. Long ischemic times (LIT) led to significantly (p < 0.05) greater development of OB (ratio of OB lesions/total airways = 0.45 ± 0.07, mean ± standard error) compared to short ischemic times (ratio = 0.19 ± 0.05). However, the development of OB was dependent on aspiration, as controls receiving aspiration with normal saline showed little development of OB, regardless of ischemic time (p < 0.05). These data suggest that LIT, while insufficient by itself to lead to OB, works synergistically with aspiration of gastric fluid to exacerbate the development of OB.
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Affiliation(s)
- J.-C. Chang
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC,Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC,Division of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - J. H. Leung
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC
| | - T. Tang
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC,The Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Changsha City, Hunan Province, Peoples Republic of China
| | - M. G. Hartwig
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC
| | - Z. E. Holzknecht
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC
| | - W. Parker
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC
| | - R. D. Davis
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC
| | - S. S. Lin
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC,Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC,Department of Immunology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC,Corresponding author: Shu S. Lin,
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152
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Wang X, Zhu D, Wang M, Cheng A, Jia R, Chen S, Chen X, Tang T. Development and application of specific polymerase chain reaction assay targeting the gyrB gene for rapid detection of Riemerella anatipestifer. Poult Sci 2012; 91:2450-3. [DOI: 10.3382/ps.2012-02375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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153
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Chen H, Tang T, Amirfazli A. Fabrication of polymeric surfaces with similar contact angles but dissimilar contact angle hysteresis. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2012.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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154
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Zhang QQ, Wu XJ, Tang T, Zhu SW, Yao Q, Gao BZ, Yuan XC. Quantitative analysis of rectal cancer by spectral domain optical coherence tomography. Phys Med Biol 2012; 57:5235-44. [PMID: 22850124 DOI: 10.1088/0031-9155/57/16/5235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
To quantify OCT images of rectal tissue for clinic diagnosis, the scattering coefficient of the tissue is extracted by curve fitting the OCT signals to a confocal single model. A total of 1000 measurements (half and half of normal and malignant tissues) were obtained from 16 recta. The normal rectal tissue has a larger scattering coefficient ranging from 1.09 to 5.41 mm⁻¹ with a mean value of 2.29 mm⁻¹ (std:±0.32), while the malignant group shows lower scattering property and the values ranging from 0.25 to 2.69 mm⁻¹ with a mean value of 1.41 mm⁻¹ (std:±0.18). The peri-cancer of recta has also been investigated to distinguish the difference between normal and malignant rectal tissue. The results demonstrate that the quantitative analysis of the rectal tissue can be used as a promising diagnostic criterion of early rectal cancer, which has great value for clinical medical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q Q Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Optical Information Science and Technology, Institute of Modern Optics, Ministry of Education of China, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People's Republic of China
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155
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Morley L, Tang T, Yasmin E, Hamzeh R, Rutherford AJ, Balen AH. Timing of human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) hormone administration in IVF protocols using GnRH antagonists: a randomized controlled trial. HUM FERTIL 2012; 15:134-9. [DOI: 10.3109/14647273.2012.712739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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156
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Abstract
Congestive heart failure is an inexorable disease associated with unacceptably high morbidity and mortality. Preclinical results indicate that gene transfer using various proteins is a safe and effective approach for increasing function of the failing heart. In the current review, we provide a summary of cardiac gene transfer in general and summarize findings using adenylyl cyclase 6 as therapeutic gene in the failing heart. We also discuss the potential usefulness of a new treatment for congestive heart failure, paracrine-based gene transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Tang
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, CA, USA
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157
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Brennan KC, Tang T, Lopez-Valdes H, Charles A, Ju YS. Minimum Conditions for the Induction of Cortical Spreading Depression: Implications for Migraine with Aura (S16.002). Neurology 2012. [DOI: 10.1212/wnl.78.1_meetingabstracts.s16.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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158
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Chang JC, Tang T, Leung J, Hartwig M, Parker W, Davis R, Lin S. 18 Prolonged Ischemic Time Exacerbates the Development of Chronic Gastric Fluid Aspiration-Associated Bronchiolitis Obliterans in Rat Pulmonary Allografts. J Heart Lung Transplant 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2012.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
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159
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Tang T, Cheng A, Wang M, Li X, He Q, Jia R, Zhu D, Chen X. Development and clinical verification of a loop-mediated isothermal amplification method for detection of Salmonella species in suspect infected ducks. Poult Sci 2012; 91:979-86. [DOI: 10.3382/ps.2011-01992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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160
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He YX, Liu Z, Pan XH, Tang T, Guo BS, Zheng LZ, Xie XH, Wang XL, Lee KM, Li G, Cao YP, Wei L, Chen Y, Yang ZJ, Hung LK, Qin L, Zhang G. Deletion of estrogen receptor beta accelerates early stage of bone healing in a mouse osteotomy model. Osteoporos Int 2012; 23:377-89. [PMID: 22037970 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-011-1812-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2011] [Accepted: 09/19/2011] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED This study examined the role of estrogen receptor (ER) beta during mouse femoral fracture healing by employing ER knockout (KO) mice. The fracture healing in KO mice was enhanced in the early stage of neovascularization and the middle stage of endochondral ossification. INTRODUCTION This study was conducted to examine the role of ER beta during fracture healing. METHODS Female ERbeta knockout (KO) mice (18 weeks old) and age-matched female wild-type (WT) mice underwent open osteotomy on the right femur. They were sacrificed at 1, 2, 4 and 6 weeks post-fracture. The sera and callus samples were subjected to the following analyses: micro-computed tomography (CT)-based angiography, micro-CT evaluation, histological examination, histomorphometry examination, real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis, biochemical marker, and mechanical testing. RESULTS Micro-CT-based angiography showed that the total vessel volume at the fracture site was larger in the KO group than the WT group at 1 and 2 weeks post-fracture. Micro-CT analysis revealed that the callus volume was significantly higher in the KO group from week 2 to week 4 post-fracture when compared with the WT group consistent with the histological data. Analysis of biochemical markers indicated that circulating P1NP levels in the KO mice were significantly higher than in the WT mice from week 2 to week 4 and that temporal expression of circulating C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (CTX) levels was also higher in the KO mice than in the WT mice. These results were consistent with quantitative real-time PCR analysis. The ultimate load, stiffness, and energy to failure were significantly higher in the KO mice than in the WT mice at week 4. CONCLUSIONS The fracture healing in KO mice was enhanced in the early stage of neovascularization and the middle stage of endochondral ossification, but not by the end of healing. Blockade of ERbeta can be considered as another therapeutic strategy for osteoporotic fracture and non-union fracture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y-X He
- Musculoskeletal Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
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161
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162
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Hong S, Ke X, Tang T, Hang Y, Chu K, Huang H, Ruan Z, Lu Z, Tao G, Liu Y. Detecting abnormalities of corpus callosum connectivity in autism using magnetic resonance imaging and diffusion tensor tractography. Psychiatry Res 2011; 194:333-339. [PMID: 22047729 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2011.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2010] [Revised: 02/28/2011] [Accepted: 03/22/2011] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The corpus callosum (CC) has emerged as one of the primary targets of autism research. To detect aberrant CC interhemispheric connectivity in autism, we performed T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI)-based tractography in 18 children with high functioning autism (HFA) and 16 well-matched typically developing (TD) children. We compared global and regional T1 measures (CC volume, and CC density), and the DTI measures [fractional anisotropy (FA), apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), average fiber length (AFL), and fiber number (FN)] of transcallosal fibers, between the two groups. We also evaluated the relationships between scores on the Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS) and CC T1 or DTI measurements. Significantly less white matter density in the anterior third of the CC, and higher ADC and lower FN values of the anterior third transcallosal fiber tracts were found in HFA patients compared to TD children. These results suggested that the anterior third CC density and transcallosal fiber connectivity were affected in HFA children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Hong
- Department of Neurology, the Affiliated Jiangyin Hospital of Southeast University Medical College, Jiangyin, 214400 China
| | - Xiaoyan Ke
- Child Mental Health Research Center of Nanjing Brain Hospital affiliated of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029 China.
| | - Tianyu Tang
- Key Laboratory of Child Development and Learning Science (Southeast University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing, 210096 China
| | - Yueyue Hang
- Child Mental Health Research Center of Nanjing Brain Hospital affiliated of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029 China
| | - Kangkang Chu
- Child Mental Health Research Center of Nanjing Brain Hospital affiliated of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029 China
| | - Haiqing Huang
- Key Laboratory of Child Development and Learning Science (Southeast University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing, 210096 China
| | - Zongcai Ruan
- Key Laboratory of Child Development and Learning Science (Southeast University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing, 210096 China
| | - Zuhong Lu
- Key Laboratory of Child Development and Learning Science (Southeast University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing, 210096 China
| | - Guotai Tao
- Child Mental Health Research Center of Nanjing Brain Hospital affiliated of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029 China
| | - Yijun Liu
- Department of Psychiatry and McKnight Brain Institue, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32601, United States
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163
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Meng B, Zhang Q, Huang C, Zhang HT, Tang T, Yang HL. Effects of a single dose of methylprednisolone versus three doses of rosiglitazone on nerve growth factor levels after spinal cord injury. J Int Med Res 2011; 39:805-14. [PMID: 21819712 DOI: 10.1177/147323001103900313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute spinal cord lesions result in dramatic changes in neuronal function. Studies have shown that the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ agonist, rosiglitazone, has neuroprotective properties. The effect of rosiglitazone after acute spinal cord injury was examined in the present study. Rats were subjected to laminectomy only; laminectomy with spinal cord contusion injury; laminectomy with contusion injury plus 30 mg/kg body weight methylprednisolone administered 5 min after surgery; or laminectomy with contusion injury plus 2 mg/kg body weight rosiglitazone administered intraperitoneally 5 min, 6 h and 24 h after surgery. Both drugs increased neurotrophin gene and protein expression 24 h after injury compared with injured rats without drug treatment. Rosiglitazone increased neurotrophin expression at 7 days to a greater extent than methylprednisolone. Early functional recovery was observed in rats treated with rosiglitazone. The greater increase in rosiglitazone-induced nerve growth factor expression soon after injury could explain, at least in part, the improved recovery of motor function compared with methylprednisolone or saline.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Meng
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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164
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Dong X, Liu F, Zhang D, Tang T, Ge X. Identification and characterization of the cysteine protease inhibitor gene MdCPI from Musca domestica. Insect Mol Biol 2011; 20:577-586. [PMID: 21711401 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2583.2011.01088.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Cysteine proteinase inhibitors (CPIs) are involved in many vital cellular processes such as signalling pathways, apoptosis, immune response and development; however, no CPIs have yet been reported from the housefly Musca domestica. Here we report the isolation and characterization of a housefly CPI gene designated MdCPI. The gene contains an open reading frame of 357 bp encoding a protein of 118 amino acid residues with a putative signal peptide of 17 amino acid residues. Protein alignment demonstrated a high homology to that of Sarcophaga crassipalpis (identity = 51%). Phylogenetic analysis suggested that all CPIs from dipterans, including the housefly, belong to the I25A family and may be descended from a single common ancestor. The gene was expressed in and purified from Escherichia coli. Biochemical studies showed that MdCPI exerts an inhibiting function on papain, which is a classical assay to confirm CPIs. Real-time quantitative PCR and immunolocalization analysis revealed that MdCPI is specifically expressed in haemocytes and fat bodies. It is highly down-regulated in larvae and markedly up-regulated in the pupal stage, suggesting that it may be related to development.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Dong
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei, China
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165
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Welkos S, Cote CK, Hahn U, Shastak O, Jedermann J, Bozue J, Jung G, Ruchala P, Pratikhya P, Tang T, Lehrer RI, Beyer W. Humanized theta-defensins (retrocyclins) enhance macrophage performance and protect mice from experimental anthrax infections. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2011; 55:4238-50. [PMID: 21768520 PMCID: PMC3165295 DOI: 10.1128/aac.00267-11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2011] [Revised: 06/17/2011] [Accepted: 07/03/2011] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Retrocyclins are humanized versions of the -defensin peptides expressed by the leukocytes of several nonhuman primates. Previous studies, performed in serum-free media, determined that retrocyclins 1 (RC1) and RC2 could prevent successful germination of Bacillus anthracis spores, kill vegetative B. anthracis cells, and inactivate anthrax lethal factor. We now report that retrocyclins are extensively bound by components of native mouse, human, and fetal calf sera, that heat-inactivated sera show greatly enhanced retrocyclin binding, and that native and (especially) heat-inactivated sera greatly reduce the direct activities of retrocyclins against spores and vegetative cells of B. anthracis. Nevertheless, we also found that retrocyclins protected mice challenged in vivo by subcutaneous, intraperitoneal, or intranasal instillation of B. anthracis spores. Retrocyclin 1 bound extensively to B. anthracis spores and enhanced their phagocytosis and killing by murine RAW264.7 cells. Based on the assumption that spore-bound RC1 enters phagosomes by "piggyback phagocytosis," model calculations showed that the intraphagosomal concentration of RC1 would greatly exceed its extracellular concentration. Murine alveolar macrophages took up fluorescently labeled retrocyclin, suggesting that macrophages may also acquire extracellular RC1 directly. Overall, these data demonstrate that retrocyclins are effective in vivo against experimental murine anthrax infections and suggest that enhanced macrophage function contributes to this property.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Welkos
- Bacteriology Division, U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Frederick, Maryland
| | - C. K. Cote
- Bacteriology Division, U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Frederick, Maryland
| | - U. Hahn
- University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - O. Shastak
- University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | | | - J. Bozue
- Bacteriology Division, U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Frederick, Maryland
| | - G. Jung
- David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California
| | - P. Ruchala
- David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California
| | - P. Pratikhya
- David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California
| | - T. Tang
- David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California
| | - R. I. Lehrer
- David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California
| | - W. Beyer
- University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
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166
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Abstract
We have developed a robust EEG-based current pattern which shows promise for the detection of intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) in neonates. Our reconstructions to date are based on a layered spherical head model. In this study, the current pattern was used to gather data from three realistic-shaped neonatal head models and a physical phantom based on one of these models. We found that a sensitivity matrix calculated from a spherical model gave us satisfactory reconstructions in terms of both image quality and quantification. Incorporating correct geometry information into the forward model improved image quality. However, it did not improve quantification accuracy. The results indicate that using a spherical matrix may be a more practical choice for monitoring IVH volumes in neonates for whom patient-specific models are not available.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Tang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Box 116131, Gainesville, FL 32601, USA.
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167
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Jiang G, Bi K, Tang T, Ren H, Wang Y, Wen P, Liu J, Bi G. 201 The role of c-Myc and MMPs in the malignant transformation of patients with myelodysplastic syndromes. Leuk Res 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/s0145-2126(11)70203-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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168
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Jiang G, Bi K, Tang T, Ren H, Wang Y, Wen P, Liu J, Bi G. 200 LOH and MSI of Mfd27 and 9P21 polymorphic microsatellite were related to the pathogenesis and transformation of MDS. Leuk Res 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/s0145-2126(11)70202-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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169
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Jiang G, Bi K, Tang T, Ren H, Wang Y, Wen P, Liu J, Bi G. 199 Evi1 and MDS1-Evi1 expression were related to the transformation of MDS. Leuk Res 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/s0145-2126(11)70201-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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170
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Jiang G, Bi K, Tang T, Ren H, Wang Y, Wen P, Liu J, Bi G. 198 The role of cytokine, telomerase activity and apoptosis associated proteins in inefficient hematopoiesis of patients with myelodysplastic syndromes. Leuk Res 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/s0145-2126(11)70200-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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171
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Tang T, Zhang G, Lau CPY, Zheng LZ, Xie XH, Wang XL, Wang XH, He K, Patrick Y, Qin L, Kumta SM. Effect of water-soluble P-chitosan and S-chitosan on human primary osteoblasts and giant cell tumor of bone stromal cells. Biomed Mater 2011; 6:015004. [PMID: 21205994 DOI: 10.1088/1748-6041/6/1/015004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Water-soluble phosphorylated chitosan (P-chitosan) and disodium (1 → 4)-2-deoxy-2-sulfoamino-β-D-glucopyranuronan (S-chitosan) are two chemically modified chitosans. In this study, we found that P-chitosan significantly promotes cell proliferation of both human primary osteoblasts (OBs) and the OB like stromal cell component of the giant cell tumor of bone (GCTB) cells at the concentration from 125 to 1000 µg ml⁻¹ at all time points of 1, 3, 5 and 7 days after treatment. Further investigation of the osteogenic effect of the P-chitosan suggested that it regulates the levels of osteoclastogenic factors, receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B ligand and osteoprotegerin expression. An interesting finding is that S-chitosan at lower concentration (100 µg ml⁻¹) stimulates cell proliferation while a higher dose (1000 µg ml⁻¹) of S-chitosan inhibits it. The inhibitory effect of S-chitosan on human primary GCT stromal cells was greater than that of OBs (p < 0.05). Taken together, our findings elucidated the osteogenic effect of P-chitosan and the varying effects of S-chitosan on the proliferation of human primary OBs and GCT stromal cells and provided us the rationale for the construction of novel bone repair biomaterials with the dual properties of bone induction and bone tumor inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Tang
- Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
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172
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Kowalewski R, Seal D, Tang T, Prusinkiewicz C, Ha D. Neuraxial anesthesia for cardiac surgery: thoracic epidural and high spinal anesthesia - why is it different? HSR Proc Intensive Care Cardiovasc Anesth 2011; 3:25-8. [PMID: 23440039 PMCID: PMC3484610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Anesthesiologists can offer much more then stable blood pressure and heart rate in the intraoperative period. By choosing appropriate anesthetic techniques they can tremendously influence perioperative stress. This may positively impact on the overall surgical outcome. One of the most intriguing aspects of neuraxial anesthesia is its ability to attenuate the stress response to surgery. At present there is no agreement on the clinical importance of such a response but there is substantial indirect evidence that it may play an important role in a patient's outcome. Neuraxial anesthesia supplemented by general anesthesia is justified and can be safely used in cardiac surgery. The authors of this expert opinion prefer spinal anesthesia to thoracic epidural anesthesia and have been using it routinely for the last 20 years without any neurological complications. The risk of spinal hematoma from a 27G spinal needle prior to full heparinization is unknown but in our opinion is remote. Both epidural and spinal techniques can and should have a place in modern cardiac anesthesia practice and should be further investigated.
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Tang T, Targan SR, Li ZS, Xu C, Byers VS, Sandborn WJ. Randomised clinical trial: herbal extract HMPL-004 in active ulcerative colitis - a double-blind comparison with sustained release mesalazine. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2011; 33:194-202. [PMID: 21114791 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2036.2010.04515.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Andrographis paniculata is an herbal mixture used to treat inflammatory diseases. An extract of the herb, HMPL-004, inhibits TNF-α and IL-1β, and prevents colitis in animal models. AIM To determine the efficacy and safety of HMPL-004 in patients with mild-to-moderate ulcerative colitis. METHODS A randomised, double-blind, multicentre, 8-week parallel group study was conducted using HMPL-004 1200 mg/day compared with 4500 mg/day of slow release mesalazine (mesalamine) granules in patients with mild-to-moderately active ulcerative colitis. Disease activity was assessed at baseline and every 2 weeks for clinical response, and at baseline and 8 weeks by colonoscopy. RESULTS One hundred and twenty patients at five centres in China were randomised and dosed. Clinical remission and response were seen in 21% and 76% of HMPL-004-treated patients, and 16% and 82% of mesalazine-treated patients. By colonoscopy, remission and response were seen in 28% and 74% of HMPL-004-treated patients and 24% and 71% of mesalazine-treated patients, respectively. There was no significant difference between the two treatment groups. CONCLUSION HMPL-004 may be an efficacious alternative to mesalazine in ulcerative colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Tang
- Hutchison Medipharma Ltd., Shanghai, China.
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Gminski R, Tang T, Kuhn R, Könczöl M, Gründemann C, Mersch-Sundermann V. Toxicological investigation of laser printer emissions—Effects on human cells. Toxicol Lett 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2010.03.564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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175
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Tang T. Density functional theory study of electronic structures in lithium silicates: Li <sub>2</sub>SiO <sub>3</sub> and Li<sub>4</sub>SiO<sub>4</sub>. JAMS 2010. [DOI: 10.4208/jams.110609.113009a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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176
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Tso LO, Costello MF, Andriolo RB, Albuquerque LE, Freitas V, Morin - Papunen L, Rantala A, Unkila-Kallio L, Tiitinen A, Hippelainen M, Tinkanen H, Perheentupa A, Ruokonen A, Tapanainen JS, Tang T, Barth JH, Balen AH, Lee K, Choi YS, Yang H, Seo SK, Kim HY, Lee BS, Germeyer A, Jauckus J, Zorn M, Toth B, Capp E, Strowitzki T. Session 45: PCOS1. Hum Reprod 2010. [DOI: 10.1093/humrep/de.25.s1.45] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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178
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Zhang ZM, Chen T, Ding ZJ, Tang T, Csik A, Tóth J, Tökési K. Optical properties of silver thin films, derived from REELS. SURF INTERFACE ANAL 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/sia.3312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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179
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Wu N, Tang T, Fu X, Jiang W, Li F, Zhou S, Cai Q, Fohrer N. Impacts of cascade run-of-river dams on benthic diatoms in the Xiangxi River, China. Aquat Sci 2010; 72:117-125. [DOI: 10.1007/s00027-009-0121-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
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Wu W, Zhang X, Zhang C, Tang T, Ren W, Dai K. Expansion of CD14+CD16+ peripheral monocytes among patients with aseptic loosening. Inflamm Res 2009; 58:561-70. [PMID: 19290480 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-009-0020-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2008] [Revised: 11/30/2008] [Accepted: 12/07/2008] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE AND DESIGN In this study, we have investigated the relevance of peripheral blood inflammatory CD14(+)CD16(+) monocytes phenotype to patients with aseptic loosening (AL). MATERIAL AND TREATMENT Immunophenotypes of monocytes were examined among patients with AL (n = 43), patients with mechanical loosening (ML, n = 30), patients with stable implant (SI, n = 16), and patients with osteoarthritis (OA, n = 17) using flow cytometry. METHODS Immunological assay was used to measure TNF-alpha and IL-1 beta levels in both sera and culture media of implant wear stimulated CD14(+)CD16(+) and CD14(++)CD16(-) monocytes. Periprosthetic tissues were collected during surgery for histological assessment. RESULTS The frequency of CD14(+)CD16(+) monocytes showed significant increase in AL patients than in ML, SI, and OA patients. A positive association was found between the subpopulation of CD14(+)CD16(+) monocytes and plasma TNF-alpha and IL-1 beta level in AL patients. Furthermore, a positive correlation existed between the subpopulation of CD14(+)CD16(+) monocytes and the total histopathology score. CONCLUSION The results indicate that CD14(+)CD16(+) monocytes represent a sensitive marker for the disease activity of AL, and may serve as an effective prognostic index to identify total joint replacement recipients who are at increased risk for osteolysis and progression of AL.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Wu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 200011, Shanghai, China
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Abi-Jaoudeh N, Dake M, Pritchard W, Dreher M, Chiesa A, Karanian J, Esparza J, Sharma K, Tang T, Glossop N, Wood B. Abstract No. 245: Electromagnetic Tracking Navigation for Thoracic Aortic Stent Graft Deployment. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2008.12.240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Li ZY, Taviani V, Tang T, Sadat U, Young V, Patterson A, Graves M, Gillard JH. The mechanical triggers of plaque rupture: shear stressvspressure gradient. Br J Radiol 2009; 82 Spec No 1:S39-45. [DOI: 10.1259/bjr/15036781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
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184
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Zhang P, Han D, Tang T, Zhang X, Dai K. Inhibition of the development of collagen-induced arthritis in Wistar rats through vagus nerve suspension: a 3-month observation. Inflamm Res 2008; 57:322-8. [PMID: 18607536 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-008-8070-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE AND DESIGN In this study, we have investigated the effects of vagus nerve suspension in a rat model of collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) . MATERIALS AND TREATMENT CIA was induced in male Wistar rats and vagus nerve suspension or sham operation was performed on day 10 after the second immunization. All rats were monitored for macroscopic signs of clinical arthritis and cytokine titres within 2 months after the second immunization. Radiological and histological examination were performed 3 months after the second immunization. RESULTS Rats subjected to vagus nerve suspension (the test group) showed nerve activities that resemble electrical stimulation of the vagus nerve in the control group. Compared to control, the test group had reduced soft-tissue swelling, arthritic scores, TNF-alpha level and Collagen-II antibody titre, throughout the course of the experiment. Sham operation produced similar suppression on the CIA symptoms as the test group but most of the effects produced by sham operation subsided after 27 or 35 days. CONCLUSION Vagus nerve suspension is a novel approach to achieve sustained long-term stimulation of the vague nerve. This procedure can suppress the development of CIA in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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185
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Yang G, Zhou R, Tang T, Shi S. Simple and Efficient Isolation of High-Quality Total RNA fromHibiscus tiliaceus, a Mangrove Associate and Its Relatives. Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2008; 38:257-64. [DOI: 10.1080/10826060802164991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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186
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Moores KL, Tang T, Pring D, Evans A, Maguiness S. Early fundoscopy, magnetic resonance imaging and venometry in the diagnosis of venous sinus thrombosis. J OBSTET GYNAECOL 2008; 28:223-6. [PMID: 18393026 DOI: 10.1080/01443610801916015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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187
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Peri-operative fluid therapy is a controversial area with few randomised trials to guide practice. Recently, a number of trials have suggested that intra-operative therapy guided by oesophageal Doppler acquired haemodynamic variables may improve postoperative outcome. METHODS Abstract databases and conference proceedings were searched to identify randomised controlled trials comparing Doppler-guided intra-operative fluid management to standard practice in patients undergoing major abdominal surgery. Pooled odds ratios (POR) and weighted mean differences (WMD) were calculated for categorical and continuous outcomes respectively. RESULTS Four trials, comprising 393 patients, were identified. Use of an oesophageal Doppler-guided fluid management algorithm resulted in fewer postoperative complications (POR 0.32; 95% CI: 0.19-0.52; p < 0.0001) and shorter hospital stays (WMD 1.68 days; 95% CI: 2.39-0.98; p < 0.0001). There were no significant differences in the quantities of intra-operative fluids administered although there was some evidence of heterogeneity with respect to this outcome. CONCLUSION Oesophageal Doppler-guided fluid management may improve outcome following major intra-abdominal surgery. However, comparison with fluid restriction strategies, including a cost-effectiveness analysis are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- S R Walsh
- Department of General Surgery, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Postoperative fluid management is a core surgical skill but there are few data regarding current fluid management practice and the incidence of potential fluid-related complications in general surgical units. We conducted a prospective audit of postoperative fluid management and fluid-related complications in a consecutive cohort of patients undergoing midline laparotomy. METHODS Over a 6-month period, the peri-operative fluid management of 106 consecutive patients was prospectively audited. Serum electrolyte data, fluid balance data, co-morbidities, operative and anaesthetic variables and quantities of fluid and electrolytes prescribed were recorded. The development of fluid-related and other complications was noted. RESULTS There were no correlations between routinely available fluid balance parameters and the quantities of fluid and electrolytes prescribed, suggesting that doctors do not consult fluid balance data when prescribing. Fifty-seven patients (54%) developed at least one fluid-related complication. These patients received significantly greater volumes of fluid and sodium each day postoperatively. They had higher rates of other non-fluid-related complications and death. They had a longer hospital stay. In a multivariate model, mean daily fluid load predicted the development of fluid-related complications. CONCLUSION Fluid prescription practice in general surgical units is sub-optimal, resulting in avoidable iatrogenic complications. Involvement of senior staff, education and possibly the introduction of prescribing protocols may improve the situation.
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Affiliation(s)
- S R Walsh
- Department of General Surgery, West Suffolk Hospital NHS Trust, Suffolk, UK.
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189
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Sharma K, Xu S, Glossop N, Dreher M, Kruecker J, Venkatesan A, Locklin J, Dromi S, Pritchard W, Karanian J, Tang T, Neeman Z, Bulow T, Wood B. Abstract No. 310: Steerable Endobronchial Navigation without a Bronchoscope or Fiberoptics. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2007.12.356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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190
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Ni R, Chen L, Yang H, Xu B, Tang T. Abstract No. 184: Comparison of Percutaneous Vertebroplasty and Kyphoplasty in Treatment of Painful Vertebral Compression Fractures. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2007.12.204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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191
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Li D, Dai K, Tang T. Effects of dextran on proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells. Cytotherapy 2008; 10:587-96. [DOI: 10.1080/14653240802238330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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192
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Abstract
Perioperative myocardial infarction is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality after major non-cardiac surgery. Pharmacological agents such as beta-blockers may reduce the risk but are associated with side-effects and may be contra-indicated in some patients. Basic scientific experiments and preliminary clinical trials in humans suggest that remote ischaemic preconditioning (RIPC), where brief ischaemia in one tissue confers resistance to subsequent sustained ischaemic insults in another tissue, may provide a simple, cost-effective means of reducing the risk of perioperative myocardial ischaemia. The Medline and Pubmed databases were searched for articles concerning RIPC. The mechanism may be humoral, neural, or a combination of both, and involves adenosine, opioids, bradykinins, protein kinase C, and K-ATP channels, although the precise end-effector remains unclear. Small randomized trials in humans undergoing major surgery suggest that RIPC induced by brief lower limb ischaemia significantly reduces myocardial injury. It may also reduce other ischaemic complications of surgery and anaesthesia. Small studies provide some evidence that RIPC could reduce myocardial injury and other ischaemic complications of surgery. However, large-scale clinical trials to assess the effect of RIPC on mortality and morbidity are required before RIPC can be recommended for routine clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- S R Walsh
- Cambridge Vascular Research Unit, Box 201, Level 7, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge CB2 2QQ, UK.
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193
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Abstract
Enterobacter sakazakii is an uncommon bacterium that is known to cause severe neonatal infection and is rare among adults. We present a peculiar case of E. sakazakii bacteraemia with multiple splenic abscesses in a 75-year-old institutionalised woman, who was successfully treated with 6 weeks of imipenem and percutaneous drainage of the abscesses.
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Affiliation(s)
- K C See
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Alexandra Hospital, Singapore
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194
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Tang T, Walsh SR, Prytherch DR, Lees T, Varty K, Boyle JR. VBHOM, a data economic model for predicting the outcome after open abdominal aortic aneurysm surgery. Br J Surg 2007; 94:717-21. [PMID: 17514694 DOI: 10.1002/bjs.5808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Vascular Biochemistry and Haematology Outcome Models (VBHOM) adopted the approach of using a minimum data set to model outcome. This study aimed to test such a model on a cohort of patients undergoing open elective and non-elective abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) repair.
Methods
A binary logistic regression model of risk of in-hospital mortality was built from the 2002–2004 submission to the UK National Vascular Database (NVD) (2718 patients). The subset of NVD data items used comprised serum levels of urea, sodium and potassium, haemoglobin, white cell count, sex, age and mode of admission. The model was applied prospectively using Hosmer–Lemeshow methodology to a test data set from the Cambridge Vascular Unit.
Results
The validation set contained 327 patients, of whom 208 had elective AAA repair and 119 had emergency repair of a ruptured AAA. Outcome following elective and non-elective AAA repair could be described accurately using the same model. The overall mean predicted risk of death was 14·13 per cent, and 48 deaths were predicted. The actual number of deaths was 53 (χ2 = 8·40, 10 d.f., P = 0·590; no evidence of lack of fit). The model also demonstrated good discrimination (c-index = 0·852).
Conclusion
The VBHOM approach has the advantage of using simple, objective clinical data that are easy to collect routinely. The VBHOM data items potentially allow prediction of risk in an individual patient before aneurysm surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Tang
- Regional Vascular Unit, Cambridge University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
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195
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Jaunoo SS, Tang T, Brown A, Praveen BV. Picture quiz When vomiting relieves severe abdominal pain. Assoc Med J 2007. [DOI: 10.1136/sbmj.0704142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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196
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Pring DW, Young RA, Feaster H, Tang T. An audit of compliance with motor traffic regulations and use of green warning lights by consultants recalled to hospital to attend emergencies. Emerg Med J 2007; 24:244-7. [PMID: 17384375 PMCID: PMC2658227 DOI: 10.1136/emj.2006.039404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/10/2006] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine consultants' compliance with motor traffic regulations on recall to hospital to attend emergencies, and ownership and use of green warning lights (GWLs). To determine the views of senior police officers on consultants complying with traffic regulations on emergency recall with and without GWLs. METHOD Questionnaire survey of all consultants in obstetrics and gynaecology, paediatrics and emergency medicine in the Yorkshire Deanery, UK, and members of the Association of Chief Police Officers (ACPO). RESULTS 220 consultant questionnaires were distributed and 166 replies were received; 21% of respondents owned a GWL. Almost 50% of consultants would consider exceeding speed limits when returning to an emergency. Between 43% and 80% consultants would cross red traffic lights; driving habits varied with usage and ownership of a GWL. 12.7% (21) of respondents had been stopped for traffic violations attending emergencies, 2.4% (4) had been prosecuted and 4.8% (8) had been involved in accidents. The ACPO advised that consultants should observe all traffic regulations at all times. CONCLUSION Consultants recalled to their hospitals for emergencies disregard speed restrictions and traffic light signals both with and without GWLs and risk both accident and prosecution for ignoring traffic legislation. They should consider using a GWL to ease their progress through traffic when attending an emergency and observe all traffic laws.
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Affiliation(s)
- D W Pring
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, York Hospital, York YO31 8HE, UK.
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197
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Praveen BV, Suraparaju L, Jaunoo SS, Tang T, Walsh SR, Ogunbiyi OA. Giant colonic diverticulum: an unusual abdominal lump. J Surg Educ 2007; 64:97-100. [PMID: 17462210 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsurg.2006.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2006] [Revised: 10/19/2006] [Accepted: 10/20/2006] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Giant colonic diverticulum is a rare complication of diverticular disease of the colon and is thought to result, in most cases, from a "ball-valve" effect. The presentation and clinical course can be variable and confusing. The most common symptoms are abdominal pain and a palpable abdominal lump, with many patients presenting acutely with complications such as perforation and peritonitis. Preoperative diagnosis requires a high degree of suspicion and needs to be differentiated from sigmoid volvulus, caecal volvulus, intestinal duplication cyst, pneumatosis cystoidis intestinalis, and similar conditions. A plain x-ray and computed tomography (CT) scan of the abdomen shows a huge air-filled cyst termed "balloon sign" and confirms the diagnosis. The barium enema shows a communication with the bowel in most cases. In view of the high incidence of complications, treatment is advised even in asymptomatic cases and consists of excision of the cyst with resection of the adjacent colon with primary anastomosis. This treatment would, in most cases, be a sigmoid colectomy. Percutaneous drainage and Hartmann's procedure may be appropriate in some cases who present with a well-formed abscess or gross fecal peritonitis, respectively. A case is described, and the literature is reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- B V Praveen
- Department of Surgery, Southend Hospital, Westcliffe-on-sea, Essex, and Cambridge Vascular Unit, Cambridge University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom
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198
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Lai NC, Saito M, Tang T, Ibrahim R, Miyanohara A, Yang Y, Takahashi T, Gao MH, Roth DM, Hammond HK. Skeletal muscle gene transfer and regulated expression of IGF‐I increases function of the failing heart. FASEB J 2007. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.21.6.a1412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- NC Lai
- VASDHSLa Jolla Village DrSan DiegoCA92161
| | - M Saito
- VASDHSLa Jolla Village DrSan DiegoCA92161
| | - T Tang
- VASDHSLa Jolla Village DrSan DiegoCA92161
| | - R Ibrahim
- VASDHSLa Jolla Village DrSan DiegoCA92161
| | | | - Y Yang
- VASDHSLa Jolla Village DrSan DiegoCA92161
| | | | - MH Gao
- VASDHSLa Jolla Village DrSan DiegoCA92161
| | - DM Roth
- VASDHSLa Jolla Village DrSan DiegoCA92161
| | - HK Hammond
- VASDHSLa Jolla Village DrSan DiegoCA92161
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199
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Tang T, Shi Y, Opalenik SR, Brantley-Sieders DM, Chen J, Davidson JM, Brandt SJ. Expression of the TAL1/SCL transcription factor in physiological and pathological vascular processes. J Pathol 2006; 210:121-9. [PMID: 16841371 DOI: 10.1002/path.2028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The TAL1/SCL transcription factor is essential for haematopoietic commitment and vascular remodelling during embryonic development. To help clarify its role in postnatal vascular processes, we characterized the expression of mouse Tal1 protein by immunocytochemistry in several experimental models of blood vessel formation. In adult mice, Tal1 protein was expressed in rare microvascular endothelial cells and in extravascular cells provisionally identified as endothelial progenitors from their morphology, proximity to vessels and expression of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2. The number of Tal1-expressing endothelial cells increased significantly but transiently in all the models-hormone-induced ovulation, wound healing and tumour development. Finally, Tal1 protein was detected in the nuclei of newly formed lymphatic endothelial cells in tumour-bearing animals. These results show that TAL1 is expressed by vascular endothelial cells and endothelial progenitors at sites of physiological and pathological neovascularization and suggest a role for this transcription factor in adult vasculogenesis. This work also provides the first evidence for TAL1 expression in lymphangiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Tang
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
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200
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Abstract
This study addresses the strength and toughness of generic fibrillar structures. We show that the stress sigmac required to pull a fibril out of adhesive contact with a substrate has the form sigma(c) = sigma(0)Phi(chi). In this equation, sigma(0) is the interfacial strength, Phi(chi) is a dimensionless function satisfying 0 <or= Phi(chi) <or= 1 and chi is a dimensionless parameter that depends on the interfacial properties, as well as the fibril stiffness and radius. Pull-off is flaw sensitive for chi >> 1, but is flaw insensitive for chi < 1. The important parameter chi also controls the stability of a homogeneously deformed non-fibrillar (flat) interface. Using these results, we show that the work to fail a unit area of fibrillar surface can be much higher than the intrinsic work of adhesion for a flat interface of the same material. In addition, we show that cross-sectional fibril dimensions control the pull-off force, which increases with decreasing fibril radius. Finally, an increase in fibril length is shown to increase the work necessary to separate a fibrillar interface. Besides our calculations involving a single fibril, we study the concept of equal load sharing (ELS) for a perfect interface containing many fibrils. We obtain the practical work of adhesion for an idealized fibrillated interface under equal load sharing. We then analyse the peeling of a fibrillar surface from a rigid substrate and establish a criterion for ELS.
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Affiliation(s)
- C-Y Hui
- Department of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics, Cornell University, 212 Kimball Hall, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
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