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Zhou Y, Qiu X, Luo Y, Yuan J, Li Y, Zhong Q, Zhao M, Lu Q. Histone modifications and methyl-CpG-binding domain protein levels at the TNFSF7 (CD70) promoter in SLE CD4+ T cells. Lupus 2011; 20:1365-71. [PMID: 21865261 DOI: 10.1177/0961203311413412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Abstract: In systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), T lymphocytes overexpress CD70 ( TNFSF7 gene), leading to the synthesis of autoreactive IgGs. CD70 upregulation in SLE CD4+ T cells is associated with hypomethylation of TNFSF7 promoter. In this study, we explored histone modifications in the TNFSF7 promoter region in SLE CD4+ T cells, and characterized the effects of a DNA methyltransferase inhibitor (5-azaC) and a histone deacetylase inhibitor (TSA) on CD70 expression. We found that CD70 mRNA was significantly increased in active lupus CD4+ T cells, and in control cells treated with 5-azaC, TSA, or both. Histone H3 acetylation and dimethylated H3 lysine 4 (H3K4me2) levels were significantly elevated in patients with lupus, and both factors correlated positively with disease activity. MeCP2 protein levels within the TNFSF7 promoter decreased in patients with active lupus. Treatment of CD4+ T cells with 5-azaC alone significantly raised H3K4 dimethyl levels at the TNFSF7 locus. TSA treatment significantly increased H3 and H4 acetylation levels, as well as levels of H3K4 dimethylation at the TNFSF7 locus. Treatment with 5-azaC plus TSA enhanced H3 acetylation levels. These findings indicate that aberrant histone modifications within the TNFSF7 promoter may contribute to the development of lupus by increasing CD70 expression in CD4+ T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Zhou
- Department of Dermatology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, Hunan, PR China
| | - X Qiu
- Department of Dermatology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, Hunan, PR China
| | - Y Luo
- Department of Dermatology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, Hunan, PR China
| | - J Yuan
- Department of Dermatology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, Hunan, PR China
| | - Y Li
- Department of Dermatology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, Hunan, PR China
| | - Q Zhong
- Department of Dermatology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, Hunan, PR China
| | - M Zhao
- Department of Dermatology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, Hunan, PR China
| | - Q Lu
- Department of Dermatology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, Hunan, PR China
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152
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Abstract
Intracavernous (IC) injection of stem cells (SCs) has been shown to improve erectile function in various erectile dysfunction (ED) animal models. However, the tissue distribution of the injected cells remains unknown. In this study we tracked IC injected adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) in various tissues. Rat paratesticular fat was processed for ADSC isolation and culture. The animals were then subject to cavernous nerve (CN) crush injury or sham operation, followed by IC injection of one million autologous or allogeneic ADSCs that were labeled with 5-ethynyl-2-deoxyuridine (EdU). Another group of rats received IC injection of EdU-labeled allogeneic penile smooth muscle cells (PSMCs). At 2 and 7 days post-injection, penises and femoral bone marrow were processed for histological analyses. Whole femoral bone marrows were also analyzed for EdU-positive cells by flow cytometry. The results show that ADSCs exited the penis within days of IC injection and migrated preferentially to bone marrow. Allogenicity did not affect ADSC's bone marrow appearance either at 2 or 7 days, while CN injury reduced the number of ADSCs in bone marrow significantly at 7 but not 2 days. The significance of these results in relation to SC therapy for ED is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Lin
- Knuppe Molecular Urology Laboratory, Department of Urology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143-0738, USA
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153
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Adamson P, Andreopoulos C, Auty DJ, Ayres DS, Backhouse C, Barr G, Bishai M, Blake A, Bock GJ, Boehnlein DJ, Bogert D, Cavanaugh S, Cherdack D, Childress S, Choudhary BC, Coelho JAB, Coleman SJ, Corwin L, Cronin-Hennessy D, Danko IZ, de Jong JK, Devenish NE, Diwan MV, Dorman M, Escobar CO, Evans JJ, Falk E, Feldman GJ, Frohne MV, Gallagher HR, Gomes RA, Goodman MC, Gouffon P, Graf N, Gran R, Grant N, Grzelak K, Habig A, Harris D, Hartnell J, Hatcher R, Himmel A, Holin A, Howcroft C, Huang X, Hylen J, Ilic J, Irwin GM, Isvan Z, Jaffe DE, James C, Jensen D, Kafka T, Kasahara SMS, Koizumi G, Kopp S, Kordosky M, Kreymer A, Lang K, Lefeuvre G, Ling J, Litchfield PJ, Loiacono L, Lucas P, Mann WA, Marshak ML, Mayer N, McGowan AM, Mehdiyev R, Meier JR, Messier MD, Miller WH, Mishra SR, Mitchell J, Moore CD, Morfín J, Mualem L, Mufson S, Musser J, Naples D, Nelson JK, Newman HB, Nichol RJ, Nicholls TC, Nowak JA, Ochoa-Ricoux JP, Oliver WP, Orchanian M, Ospanov R, Paley J, Patterson RB, Pawloski G, Pearce GF, Petyt DA, Phan-Budd S, Plunkett RK, Qiu X, Ratchford J, Raufer TM, Rebel B, Rodrigues PA, Rosenfeld C, Rubin HA, Sanchez MC, Schneps J, Schreiner P, Shanahan P, Sousa A, Stamoulis P, Strait M, Tagg N, Talaga RL, Tetteh-Lartey E, Thomas J, Thomson MA, Tinti G, Toner R, Tzanakos G, Urheim J, Vahle P, Viren B, Weber A, Webb RC, White C, Whitehead L, Wojcicki SG, Yang T, Zwaska R. First direct observation of muon antineutrino disappearance. Phys Rev Lett 2011; 107:021801. [PMID: 21797594 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.107.021801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
This Letter reports the first direct observation of muon antineutrino disappearance. The MINOS experiment has taken data with an accelerator beam optimized for ν(μ) production, accumulating an exposure of 1.71 × 10²⁰ protons on target. In the Far Detector, 97 charged current ν(μ) events are observed. The no-oscillation hypothesis predicts 156 events and is excluded at 6.3σ. The best fit to oscillation yields |Δm²| = [3.36(-0.40)(+0.46)(stat) ± 0.06(syst)] × 10⁻³ eV², sin²(2θ) = 0.86(-0.12)(+0.11)(stat) ± 0.01(syst). The MINOS ν(μ) and ν(μ) measurements are consistent at the 2.0% confidence level, assuming identical underlying oscillation parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Adamson
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
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154
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Adamson P, Auty DJ, Ayres DS, Backhouse C, Barr G, Bishai M, Blake A, Bock GJ, Boehnlein DJ, Bogert D, Cavanaugh S, Cherdack D, Childress S, Coelho JAB, Coleman SJ, Corwin L, Cronin-Hennessy D, Danko IZ, de Jong JK, Devenish NE, Diwan MV, Dorman M, Escobar CO, Evans JJ, Falk E, Feldman GJ, Frohne MV, Gallagher HR, Gomes RA, Goodman MC, Gouffon P, Graf N, Gran R, Grant N, Grzelak K, Habig A, Harris D, Hartnell J, Hatcher R, Himmel A, Holin A, Huang X, Hylen J, Ilic J, Irwin GM, Isvan Z, Jaffe DE, James C, Jensen D, Kafka T, Kasahara SMS, Koizumi G, Kopp S, Kordosky M, Kreymer A, Lang K, Lefeuvre G, Ling J, Litchfield PJ, Loiacono L, Lucas P, Mann WA, Marshak ML, Mayer N, McGowan AM, Mehdiyev R, Meier JR, Messier MD, Miller WH, Mishra SR, Mitchell J, Moore CD, Morfín J, Mualem L, Mufson S, Musser J, Naples D, Nelson JK, Newman HB, Nichol RJ, Nicholls TC, Nowak JA, Oliver WP, Orchanian M, Paley J, Patterson RB, Pawloski G, Pearce GF, Petyt DA, Phan-Budd S, Pittam R, Plunkett RK, Qiu X, Ratchford J, Raufer TM, Rebel B, Rodrigues PA, Rosenfeld C, Rubin HA, Sanchez MC, Schneps J, Schreiner P, Sharma R, Shanahan P, Sousa A, Stamoulis P, Strait M, Tagg N, Talaga RL, Tetteh-Lartey E, Thomas J, Thomson MA, Tinti G, Toner R, Torretta D, Tzanakos G, Urheim J, Vahle P, Viren B, Walding JJ, Weber A, Webb RC, White C, Whitehead L, Wojcicki SG, Zwaska R. Active to sterile neutrino mixing limits from neutral-current interactions in MINOS. Phys Rev Lett 2011; 107:011802. [PMID: 21797535 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.107.011802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Results are reported from a search for active to sterile neutrino oscillations in the MINOS long-baseline experiment, based on the observation of neutral-current neutrino interactions, from an exposure to the NuMI neutrino beam of 7.07×10(20) protons on target. A total of 802 neutral-current event candidates is observed in the Far Detector, compared to an expected number of 754 ± 28(stat) ± 37(syst) for oscillations among three active flavors. The fraction f(s) of disappearing ν(μ) that may transition to ν(s) is found to be less than 22% at the 90% C.L.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Adamson
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
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155
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Adamson P, Andreopoulos C, Armstrong R, Auty DJ, Ayres DS, Backhouse C, Barr G, Bishai M, Blake A, Bock GJ, Boehnlein DJ, Bogert D, Cavanaugh S, Cherdack D, Childress S, Choudhary BC, Coelho JAB, Coleman SJ, Corwin L, Cronin-Hennessy D, Danko IZ, de Jong JK, Devenish NE, Diwan MV, Dorman M, Escobar CO, Evans JJ, Falk E, Feldman GJ, Frohne MV, Gallagher HR, Gomes RA, Goodman MC, Gouffon P, Graf N, Gran R, Grant N, Grzelak K, Habig A, Harris D, Hartnell J, Hatcher R, Himmel A, Holin A, Huang X, Hylen J, Ilic J, Irwin GM, Isvan Z, Jaffe DE, James C, Jensen D, Kafka T, Kasahara SMS, Koizumi G, Kopp S, Kordosky M, Kreymer A, Lang K, Lefeuvre G, Ling J, Litchfield PJ, Litchfield RP, Loiacono L, Lucas P, Mann WA, Marshak ML, Mayer N, McGowan AM, Mehdiyev R, Meier JR, Messier MD, Michael DG, Miller WH, Mishra SR, Mitchell J, Moore CD, Morfín J, Mualem L, Mufson S, Musser J, Naples D, Nelson JK, Newman HB, Nichol RJ, Nowak JA, Oliver WP, Orchanian M, Ospanov R, Paley J, Patterson RB, Pawloski G, Pearce GF, Petyt DA, Phan-Budd S, Plunkett RK, Qiu X, Ratchford J, Raufer TM, Rebel B, Rodrigues PA, Rosenfeld C, Rubin HA, Sanchez MC, Schneps J, Schreiner P, Shanahan P, Smith C, Sousa A, Stamoulis P, Strait M, Tagg N, Talaga RL, Thomas J, Thomson MA, Tinti G, Toner R, Tzanakos G, Urheim J, Vahle P, Viren B, Weber A, Webb RC, White C, Whitehead L, Wojcicki SG, Yang T, Zwaska R. Measurement of the neutrino mass splitting and flavor mixing by MINOS. Phys Rev Lett 2011; 106:181801. [PMID: 21635083 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.106.181801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Measurements of neutrino oscillations using the disappearance of muon neutrinos from the Fermilab NuMI neutrino beam as observed by the two MINOS detectors are reported. New analysis methods have been applied to an enlarged data sample from an exposure of 7.25×10(20) protons on target. A fit to neutrino oscillations yields values of |Δm(2)|=(2.32(-0.08)(+0.12))×10(-3) eV(2) for the atmospheric mass splitting and sin(2)(2θ)>0.90 (90% C.L.) for the mixing angle. Pure neutrino decay and quantum decoherence hypotheses are excluded at 7 and 9 standard deviations, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Adamson
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
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156
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Ahmed Z, Akerib DS, Arrenberg S, Bailey CN, Balakishiyeva D, Baudis L, Bauer DA, Brink PL, Bruch T, Bunker R, Cabrera B, Caldwell DO, Cooley J, do Couto e Silva E, Cushman P, Daal M, DeJongh F, Di Stefano P, Dragowsky MR, Duong L, Fallows S, Figueroa-Feliciano E, Filippini J, Fox J, Fritts M, Golwala SR, Hall J, Hennings-Yeomans R, Hertel SA, Holmgren D, Hsu L, Huber ME, Kamaev O, Kiveni M, Kos M, Leman SW, Liu S, Mahapatra R, Mandic V, McCarthy KA, Mirabolfathi N, Moore D, Nelson H, Ogburn RW, Phipps A, Pyle M, Qiu X, Ramberg E, Rau W, Reisetter A, Resch R, Saab T, Sadoulet B, Sander J, Schnee RW, Seitz DN, Serfass B, Sundqvist KM, Tarka M, Wikus P, Yellin S, Yoo J, Young BA, Zhang J. Results from a low-energy analysis of the CDMS II germanium data. Phys Rev Lett 2011; 106:131302. [PMID: 21517371 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.106.131302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
We report results from a reanalysis of data from the Cryogenic Dark Matter Search (CDMS II) experiment at the Soudan Underground Laboratory. Data taken between October 2006 and September 2008 using eight germanium detectors are reanalyzed with a lowered, 2 keV recoil-energy threshold, to give increased sensitivity to interactions from weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs) with masses below ∼10 GeV/c(2). This analysis provides stronger constraints than previous CDMS II results for WIMP masses below 9 GeV/c(2) and excludes parameter space associated with possible low-mass WIMP signals from the DAMA/LIBRA and CoGeNT experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Ahmed
- Division of Physics, Mathematics & Astronomy, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
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157
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Adamson P, Andreopoulos C, Auty DJ, Ayres DS, Backhouse C, Barr G, Barrett WL, Bhattarai P, Bishai M, Blake A, Bock GJ, Boehnlein DJ, Bogert D, Budd S, Cavanaugh S, Cherdack D, Childress S, Choudhary BC, Coelho JAB, Coleman SJ, Corwin L, Cronin-Hennessy D, Damiani D, Danko IZ, de Jong JK, Devenish NE, Diwan MV, Dorman M, Escobar CO, Evans JJ, Falk E, Feldman GJ, Fields TH, Frohne MV, Gallagher HR, Gomes RA, Goodman MC, Gouffon P, Graf N, Gran R, Grant N, Grzelak K, Habig A, Harris D, Harris PG, Hartnell J, Hatcher R, Himmel A, Holin A, Huang X, Hylen J, Ilic J, Irwin GM, Isvan Z, Jaffe DE, James C, Jensen D, Kafka T, Kasahara SMS, Koizumi G, Kopp S, Kordosky M, Krahn Z, Kreymer A, Lang K, Lefeuvre G, Ling J, Litchfield PJ, Loiacono L, Lucas P, Mann WA, Marshak ML, Mayer N, McGowan AM, Mehdiyev R, Meier JR, Messier MD, Michael DG, Miller WH, Mishra SR, Mitchell J, Moore CD, Morfín J, Mualem L, Mufson S, Musser J, Naples D, Nelson JK, Newman HB, Nichol RJ, Nowak JA, Oliver WP, Orchanian M, Paley J, Patterson RB, Pawloski G, Pearce GF, Pittam R, Plunkett RK, Qiu X, Ratchford J, Raufer TM, Rebel B, Reichenbacher J, Rodrigues PA, Rosenfeld C, Rubin HA, Ryabov VA, Sanchez MC, Saoulidou N, Schneps J, Schreiner P, Shanahan P, Sousa A, Strait M, Tagg N, Talaga RL, Thomas J, Thomson MA, Tinti G, Toner R, Tzanakos G, Urheim J, Vahle P, Viren B, Weber A, Webb RC, White C, Whitehead L, Wojcicki SG, Wright DM, Yang T, Zwaska R. Measurement of the underground atmospheric muon charge ratio using the MINOS Near Detector. Int J Clin Exp Med 2011. [DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.83.032011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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158
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Qiu X, Sun C, Yu W, Lin H, Sun Z, Chen Y, Wang R, Dai Y. Combined Strategy of Mesenchymal Stem Cell Injection With Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Gene Therapy for the Treatment of Diabetes-Associated Erectile Dysfunction. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 33:37-44. [DOI: 10.2164/jandrol.110.012666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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159
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White AB, Galbiati F, Givogri MI, Lopez Rosas A, Qiu X, van Breemen R, Bongarzone ER. Persistence of psychosine in brain lipid rafts is a limiting factor in the therapeutic recovery of a mouse model for Krabbe disease. J Neurosci Res 2010; 89:352-64. [PMID: 21259322 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.22564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2010] [Revised: 10/18/2010] [Accepted: 10/30/2010] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Sphingolipids are intrinsic components of membrane lipid rafts. The abnormal accumulation of these molecules may introduce architectural and functional changes in these domains, leading to cellular dysfunction. Galactosylsphingosine (psychosine) is a pathogenic lipid raft-associated molecule whose accumulation leads to brain deterioration and irreversible neurological handicap in the incurable leukodystrophy Krabbe disease (KD). The relevance of clearing excessive levels of pathogenic psychosine from lipid rafts in therapy for KD has not been investigated. The work presented here demonstrates that psychosine inhibits raft-mediated endocytosis in neural cells. In addition, although in vitro enzyme reconstitution is sufficient for the reversal of related endocytic defects in affected neural cells, traditional in vivo enzyme therapies in the mouse model of KD appear to be insufficient for complete removal of pathogenic levels of raft-associated psychosine. This work describes a mechanism that may contribute to limiting the in vivo efficacy of traditional therapies for KD.
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Affiliation(s)
- A B White
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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160
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Abstract
Bleeding in the digestive tract is one of the most common gastrointestinal tract (GI) diseases, as well as the complication of some fatal diseases. Wireless capsule endoscopy (WCE) allows physicians to noninvasively examine the entire GI tract. However it is very laborious and time-consuming to inspect large numbers of WCE images, which limits the wider application of WCE. It is therefore important to develop an automatic and intelligent computer-aided bleeding detection technique. In this paper, a new method aimed at bleeding detection in WCE images is proposed. Colour texture features distinguishing the bleeding regions from non-bleeding regions are extracted in RGB and HSI colour spaces; then a neural network using the colour texture features as the feature vector inputs is designed to recognize the bleeding regions. The experiments demonstrate that the bleeding regions can be correctly recognized and clearly marked out. The sensitivity of the algorithm is 93% and the specificity is 96%.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Pan
- School of Electronics, Information and Electrical Engineering, 820 Institute, Shanghai JiaoTong University, Shanghai, PR China.
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161
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Guo G, Qiu X, Wang S, Chen Y, Rothman PB, Wang Z, Chen Y, Wang G, Chen JL. Oncogenic E17K mutation in the pleckstrin homology domain of AKT1 promotes v-Abl-mediated pre-B-cell transformation and survival of Pim-deficient cells. Oncogene 2010; 29:3845-53. [PMID: 20440266 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2010.149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Abl-mediated transformation requires the activation of multiple pathways involved in the cellular proliferation and survival, including PI3K/AKT and JAK/STAT-dependent Pim kinases. Recently, the E17K mutation in the AKT1 has been associated with multiple human malignancies and leukemia in mice. However, this mutation has not been identified in Abl-transformed cells. We investigated the presence of the AKT1(E17K) mutation in v-Abl-transformed cell clones. AKT1(E17K) was detected in 3 (2.6%) of 116 specimens examined. To show the involvement of AKT1(E17K) directly in v-Abl-mediated tumorigenesis, we infected bone marrow cells from mice with bicistronic retroviruses encoding v-Abl and either wild-type or the mutant AKT1. Interestingly, we found that E17K mutant greatly increased the v-Abl transformation efficiency as compared with wild-type AKT1. Ectopic expression of E17K mutant increased the expression levels of antiapoptotic protein BCL2 and phosphorylation levels of proapoptotic protein BAD. This correlated with an increased protection from imatinib-induced apoptosis in Abl transformants. Furthermore, AKT1(E17K) promotes survival of the Pim-deficient cells, indicating a functional link between AKT and Pim in v-Abl transformation. In addition, AKT1(E17K) delays loss of Pim-1 and Pim-2 protein levels on v-Abl inactivation, which suggests that there exists reciprocal signaling between AKT and Pim in v-Abl transformants.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Guo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chaoyang District, Beijing, China
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162
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Aziz K, Ma X, Singhal N, McMillan D, Lockyer J, Qiu X, Du L, Lee SK. The Acute Care Of At-Risk Newborns (Acorn) Program Improves Learner Outcomes In Rural China. Paediatr Child Health 2010. [DOI: 10.1093/pch/15.suppl_a.15aa] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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163
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Qiu X, Jefferies A, Chiu A, Macartney J, Osiovich H, Simmons B, Lee S. Trainees' Perspectives On An in ternational Training Program in Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine in Shanghai. Paediatr Child Health 2010. [DOI: 10.1093/pch/15.suppl_a.60a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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164
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Dong JK, Zhou SY, Guan TY, Zhang H, Dai YF, Qiu X, Wang XF, He Y, Chen XH, Li SY. Quantum criticality and nodal superconductivity in the FeAs-based superconductor KFe2As2. Phys Rev Lett 2010; 104:087005. [PMID: 20366962 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.104.087005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The in-plane resistivity rho and thermal conductivity kappa of the FeAs-based superconductor KFe2As2 single crystal were measured down to 50 mK. We observe non-Fermi-liquid behavior rho(T) approximately T{1.5} at H{c{2}}=5 T, and the development of a Fermi liquid state with rho(T) approximately T{2} when further increasing the field. This suggests a field-induced quantum critical point, occurring at the superconducting upper critical field H{c{2}}. In zero field, there is a large residual linear term kappa{0}/T, and the field dependence of kappa_{0}/T mimics that in d-wave cuprate superconductors. This indicates that the superconducting gaps in KFe2As2 have nodes, likely d-wave symmetry. Such a nodal superconductivity is attributed to the antiferromagnetic spin fluctuations near the quantum critical point.
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Affiliation(s)
- J K Dong
- Department of Physics, Surface Physics Laboratory (National Key Laboratory), and Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
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165
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Qiu J, Zhang Y, Guo X, Zeng F, Zhao C, Qiu X, Wu X. Quantitation of thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor mRNA with real-time PCR for early diagnosis of papillary thyroid microcarcinoma. Neoplasma 2010; 57:360-364. [PMID: 20429628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Recently, the value of thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor(TSHR) mRNA as a molecular marker in diagnosis of thyroid cancer has been greatly explored. However, its role in detecting thyroid microcarcinoma has never been reported. In this study, we aim to investigate the value of TSHR mRNA in diagnosis of papillary thyroid microcarcinoma(PTMC). To do that, TSHR mRNA levels were measured by real time PCR in 30 healthy subjects and 72 patients (benign thyroid nodules, n=38; PTMC, n=34). TSHR mRNA levels were then compared with cancer volume in surgical specimen. We found that TSHR mRNA levels in PTMC were significantly higher than benign thyroid nodules(P<0.01). At a cutoff value of 0.71 ng/microg total RNA, the TSHR mRNA correctly classified 77.8% of patients preoperatively (sensitivity= 76.5%; specificity= 79.4%). Comparatively, it performed better in larger PTMC of 0.5-1.0 cm than <0.5 cm(sensitivity, 83.4% vs 72.4%; specificity, 88.5% vs 74.1%). Combining TSHR mRNA and ultra sound examination correctly detect 97.1% of PTMC and could spared surgery in 86.8% of patients with benign thyroid nodules. Thus, TSHR mRNA measured with real time PCR enhances the preoperative detection of PTMC in patients with thyroid nodules, which dramatically reduces unnecessary surgeries. KEYWORDS thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor, papillary thyroid microcarcinoma, diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Qiu
- Department of Surgical Oncology, First People's Hospital of Zhoushan, Zhoushan, Zhejiang Province, China.
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166
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Van Gelder RN, Lamprecht T, Mawad K, Sexton T, Qiu X. Mechanisms of murine melanopsin-mediated photoreception. J Vis 2009. [DOI: 10.1167/9.14.25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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167
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Hu H, Qiu X, Wang J, Ju A, Zhang Y. Subdivision and direction recognition of lambda/16 of orthogonal fringes for nanometric measurement. Appl Opt 2009; 48:6479-6484. [PMID: 19935969 DOI: 10.1364/ao.48.006479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Subdivision is one of the essential methods to improve the measurement resolution of optical instruments. A new method is proposed to solve lambda/16 bidirectional subdivision and direction recognition for orthogonal interference signals by constructing two sets of reference signals and using zero-cross detection. The experimental results prove that the method is efficient for orthogonal signals and has good real-time performance by field-programmable gate array realization. This method is easy to realize by use of electronic design automation tools and can be widely used in the signal processing system of optical measurement instruments such as a moiré fringe measurement system and laser interferometer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haijiang Hu
- School of Optical-Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China.
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168
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Lei W, Luo Y, Lei W, Luo Y, Yan K, Zhao S, Li Y, Qiu X, Zhou Y, Long H, Zhao M, Liang Y, Su Y, Lu Q. Abnormal DNA methylation in CD4+ T cells from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus, systemic sclerosis, and dermatomyositis. Scand J Rheumatol 2009; 38:369-74. [DOI: 10.1080/03009740902758875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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169
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Ahmed Z, Akerib DS, Arrenberg S, Bailey CN, Balakishiyeva D, Baudis L, Bauer DA, Beaty J, Brink PL, Bruch T, Bunker R, Cabrera B, Caldwell DO, Cooley J, Cushman P, Dejongh F, Dragowsky MR, Duong L, Figueroa-Feliciano E, Filippini J, Fritts M, Golwala SR, Grant DR, Hall J, Hennings-Yeomans R, Hertel S, Holmgren D, Hsu L, Huber ME, Kamaev O, Kiveni M, Kos M, Leman SW, Mahapatra R, Mandic V, Moore D, McCarthy KA, Mirabolfathi N, Nelson H, Ogburn RW, Pyle M, Qiu X, Ramberg E, Rau W, Reisetter A, Saab T, Sadoulet B, Sander J, Schnee RW, Seitz DN, Serfass B, Sundqvist KM, Tarka M, Wang G, Yellin S, Yoo J, Young BA. Search for axions with the CDMS experiment. Phys Rev Lett 2009; 103:141802. [PMID: 19905561 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.103.141802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
We report on the first axion search results from the Cryogenic Dark Matter Search (CDMS) experiment at the Soudan Underground Laboratory. An energy threshold of 2 keV for electron-recoil events allows a search for possible solar axion conversion into photons or local galactic axion conversion into electrons in the germanium crystal detectors. The solar axion search sets an upper limit on the Primakov coupling g(agammagamma) of 2.4x10(-9) GeV-1 at the 95% confidence level for an axion mass less than 0.1 keV/c2. This limit benefits from the first precise measurement of the absolute crystal plane orientations in this type of experiment. The galactic axion search analysis sets a world-leading experimental upper limit on the axioelectric coupling g(aee) of 1.4x10(-12) at the 90% confidence level for an axion mass of 2.5 keV/c2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Ahmed
- Department of Physics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
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170
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Qiu X, Lee SK, CNN. The Effect of Small for Gestational Age on Outcomes of Very Preterm Nicu Infants in Canada. Paediatr Child Health 2009. [DOI: 10.1093/pch/14.suppl_a.12ab] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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171
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Ahmed Z, Akerib DS, Arrenberg S, Attisha MJ, Bailey CN, Baudis L, Bauer DA, Beaty J, Brink PL, Bruch T, Bunker R, Burke S, Cabrera B, Caldwell DO, Cooley J, Cushman P, Dejongh F, Dragowsky MR, Duong L, Emes J, Figueroa-Feliciano E, Filippini J, Fritts M, Gaitskell RJ, Golwala SR, Grant DR, Hall J, Hennings-Yeomans R, Hertel S, Holmgren D, Huber ME, Mahapatra R, Mandic V, McCarthy KA, Mirabolfathi N, Nelson H, Novak L, Ogburn RW, Pyle M, Qiu X, Ramberg E, Rau W, Reisetter A, Saab T, Sadoulet B, Sander J, Schmitt R, Schnee RW, Seitz DN, Serfass B, Sirois A, Sundqvist KM, Tarka M, Tomada A, Wang G, Yellin S, Yoo J, Young BA. Search for weakly interacting massive particles with the first five-tower data from the cryogenic dark matter search at the soudan underground laboratory. Phys Rev Lett 2009; 102:011301. [PMID: 19257177 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.102.011301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
We report results from the Cryogenic Dark Matter Search at the Soudan Underground Laboratory (CDMS II) featuring the full complement of 30 detectors. A blind analysis of data taken between October 2006 and July 2007 sets an upper limit on the weakly interacting massive particle (WIMP) nucleon spin-independent cross section of 6.6x10;{-44} cm;{2} (4.6x10;{-44} cm;{2} when combined with previous CDMS II data) at the 90% confidence level for a WIMP mass of 60 GeV/c;{2}. This achieves the best sensitivity for dark matter WIMPs with masses above 44 GeV/c;{2}, and significantly restricts the parameter space for some favored supersymmetric models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Ahmed
- Department of Physics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
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172
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Qiu X, Kulasekara B, Lory S. Role of Horizontal Gene Transfer in the Evolution of <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> Virulence. Microbial Pathogenomics 2009; 6:126-139. [DOI: 10.1159/000235767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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173
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Affiliation(s)
- B. Sun
- a Department of Chemistry , Shandong Normal University , 88 Wenhuadonglu Road, Jinan, 250014, People's Republic of China
| | - Y. Zhao
- a Department of Chemistry , Shandong Normal University , 88 Wenhuadonglu Road, Jinan, 250014, People's Republic of China
| | - X. Qiu
- a Department of Chemistry , Shandong Normal University , 88 Wenhuadonglu Road, Jinan, 250014, People's Republic of China
| | - C. Han
- a Department of Chemistry , Shandong Normal University , 88 Wenhuadonglu Road, Jinan, 250014, People's Republic of China
| | - Y. Yu
- a Department of Chemistry , Shandong Normal University , 88 Wenhuadonglu Road, Jinan, 250014, People's Republic of China
| | - Z. Shi
- a Department of Chemistry , Shandong Normal University , 88 Wenhuadonglu Road, Jinan, 250014, People's Republic of China
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174
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Qiu X. Crystal structure of cholesteryl ester transfer protein. Acta Crystallogr A 2008. [DOI: 10.1107/s010876730807921x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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175
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Huang J, Shi T, Ma T, Zhang Y, Ma X, Lu Y, Song Q, Liu W, Ma D, Qiu X. CCDC134, a novel secretory protein, inhibits activation of ERK and JNK, but not p38 MAPK. Cell Mol Life Sci 2008; 65:338-49. [PMID: 18087676 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-007-7448-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we report a novel gene, CCDC134 (coiled-coil domain containing 134), that encodes a secretory protein that can inhibit the MAPK pathway as a novel human MAPK-regulating protein. The CCDC134 mRNA contains 1280 nucleotides, encoding a protein of 229 amino acids. CCDC134 is a classical secretory protein. Expression profile analysis by Northern blot, RT-PCR, immunohistochemistry and Western blot reveals that CCDC134 is widely expressed in normal adult tissues, tumor tissues and cell lines. Functional investigation reveals that overexpression of CCDC134 and its purified protein significantly inhibit transcriptional activity of Elk1 and phosphorylation of Erk and JNK/SAPK but not p38 MAPK. Conversely, specific siRNA against CCDC134 activates Elk1 transcriptional activity and promotes Erk and JNK/SAPK phosphorylation. These results clearly indicate that CCDC134 is a novel member of the secretory family and down-regulates the Raf-1/MEK/ERK and JNK/ SAPK pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Huang
- School of Basic Medical Science, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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176
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Arthington JD, Qiu X, Cooke RF, Vendramini JMB, Araujo DB, Chase CC, Coleman SW. Effects of preshipping management on measures of stress and performance of beef steers during feedlot receiving. J Anim Sci 2008; 86:2016-23. [PMID: 18407994 DOI: 10.2527/jas.2008-0968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Over 2 yr, a total of 96 steers (approximately 7 mo of age) were allocated to 1 of 4 weaning management strategies: 1) control: weaned on the day of shipping; 2) creep-fed: allowed free-choice access to concentrate before weaning and shipping; 3) preweaned: weaned and provided supplemental concentrate on pasture before shipping; and 4) early-weaned: weaned at 70 to 90 d of age and kept on pasture. On the day of shipping, steers were loaded together onto a commercial livestock trailer and transported 1,600 km over 24 h before being received into the feedlot. At the feedlot, steers were penned by treatment (4 pens/treatment) and provided access to free-choice hay and concentrate in separate feeding spaces. Samples of blood were collected on d 0, 1, 4, 8, 15, 22, and 29 relative to shipping. Steer performance was assessed over the receiving period, including DMI of hay and concentrate, ADG, and G:F. Predetermined contrasts included control vs. early-weaned, creep-fed vs. preweaned, and control vs. creep-fed and preweaned. Overall ADG was greater (P < 0.01) for early-weaned vs. control steers (1.39 vs. 0.88 kg). In wk 1, early-weaned steers consumed more concentrate and less hay compared with control steers (P < 0.03), and preweaned steers consumed more concentrate (P < 0.01) but a similar amount of hay (P = 0.75) compared with creep-fed steers. Average DMI was greater for preweaned compared with creep-fed steers (2.84 vs. 2.50% of BW; P = 0.01) and tended to be greater for early-weaned compared with control steers (2.76 vs. 2.50% of BW; P = 0.06). Feed efficiency of early-weaned steers was greater than that of control steers (G:F = 0.17 vs. 0.12; P < 0.01) but similar for preweaned compared with creep-fed steers (P = 0.72). Plasma ceruloplasmin concentrations were less (P < 0.05) in control vs. early-weaned steers on d 0, but increased sharply after shipping and were greater in control vs. early-weaned steers on d 15 and 22 (P < 0.05). Creep-fed steers also experienced greater (P < 0.05) plasma ceruloplasmin concentrations than preweaned steers on d 29. These data suggest that early-weaned steers have improved performance in the feedlot compared with steers weaned directly before transport and feedlot entry. Differences in preshipping management appear to significantly affect measures of the acute phase protein response in steers.
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Affiliation(s)
- J D Arthington
- University of Florida-IFAS, Range Cattle Research and Education Center, Ona, 33865-9706, USA.
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177
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Beagle JM, Apgar GA, Jones KL, Griswold KE, Radcliffe JS, Qiu X, Lightfoot DA, Iqbal MJ. The digestive fate of Escherichia coli glutamate dehydrogenase deoxyribonucleic acid from transgenic corn in diets fed to weanling pigs. J Anim Sci 2007; 84:597-607. [PMID: 16478951 DOI: 10.2527/2006.843597x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Corn containing genetically engineered plasmid DNA encoding an Escherichia coli glutamate dehydrogenase (gdhA) was fed to 19-d-old weanling swine to trace the digestive fate of the transgenic DNA. Eight pens of 8 pigs were fed a commercial (nongdhA) starter for 2 wk. One pig was randomly selected from each pen for 0-h control samples. The remaining 56 pigs were transitioned onto a corn-soybean meal diet and fed a diet containing 58% gdhA corn for approximately 1 wk; immediately thereafter, liver, 10th rib muscle, white blood cells, and plasma from the hepatic portal vein and ingesta from the stomach, distal ileum, and large intestine were collected. The DNA was extracted and the concentration determined via spectrophotometry. Polymerase chain reaction and gel electrophoresis were performed with primers designed to amplify 490 bp that included the plasmid's ligation site between the maize ubiquitin and the gdhA genes. The gdhA corn-derived DNA and diet served as positive assay controls, and conventional corn DNA and distilled water acted as negative assay controls. Detection limits were 0.99 fg of target DNA confounded with 500 ng of conventional corn DNA per each 20 &L reaction. Transgenic DNA was detected in 71.43% of the stomach and 1.79% of the ileal ingesta samples from treatment animals but was not detected in the large intestine, white blood cells, plasma, liver, or muscle samples. Transgenic DNA was not detected in any sample from 0-h control animals. Stomach and ileal ingesta samples were further analyzed using real-time PCR. With an estimated limit of detection of 1.049 ag/microL, 89.29% of the stomach ingesta samples were positive (average 1.56 fg target DNA). The proportion of transgenic DNA to total DNA differed between diet and stomach ingesta samples (P < 0.001). Despite the greater sensitivity of real-time PCR, target DNA was detected in only 1.79% of ileal ingesta. These data suggest that the gdhA transgene began degradation in the stomach and was nondetectable in the large intestine.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Beagle
- Department of Animal Science, Food and Nutrition, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL 62901, USA
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178
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Zanoteli E, Campos Y, Vergani N, Qiu X, Oberoi K, Hu H, Mann L, d’Azzo A. G.P.19.10 Ozz-E3 ligase expression during muscle regeneration. Neuromuscul Disord 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2007.06.450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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179
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Cooke R, Arthington J, Staples C, Qiu X. Effects of Supplement Type and Feeding Frequency on Performance and Physiological Responses of Yearling Brahman-Crossbred Steers1. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1532/s1080-7446(15)31008-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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180
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Qiu X, Arthington JD, Riley DG, Chase CC, Phillips WA, Coleman SW, Olson TA. Genetic effects on acute phase protein response to the stresses of weaning and transportation in beef calves. J Anim Sci 2007; 85:2367-74. [PMID: 17565067 DOI: 10.2527/jas.2006-843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective herein was to estimate heterosis and breed effects in purebred and crossbred Romosinuano, Brahman, and Angus calves on acute phase protein response to weaning and transportation. Calves (n = 1,032) were weaned in September of 2002, 2003, and 2004 at approximately 7 mo of age. Approximately 28 d after weaning, steer calves (n = 482) were transported 1,800 km (20 h) to Oklahoma. Concentrations of 3 acute phase proteins (ceruloplasmin, fibrinogen, and haptoglobin) were measured in blood samples. Calves (steers and heifers) were sampled at weaning, and 24 and 72 h postweaning. For separate analyses, steers sent to Oklahoma were sampled before shipment, upon arrival, and 24 and 72 h after arrival. Combinations of the following fixed effects were investigated: sire breed, dam breed, sampling time, birth location, calf sex (weaning only), year, cow age, and interactions. Effects of special interest were sire breed x dam breed as an indication of breed group of calf, and the interaction of sire and dam breeds with sampling time. Weaning age and BW were investigated as linear and quadratic covariates. Sire of calf within sire breed was a random term. The correlation structure of repeated measures was determined by comparison of information criterion values for different structures within each analysis. In general, plasma acute phase protein concentrations in weaned calves increased with sampling time. Concentrations in the transported steers increased through sampling at 24 h after arrival, and were lower at 72 h. Significant estimates of heterosis were detected for Brahman-Angus haptoglobin concentrations at weaning (0.38 +/- 0.14 mg/dL x 100; 44%), and for Romosinuano-Angus fibrinogen concentrations at weaning (11.4 +/- 5.5 mg/dL; 10%) and in transported steers (22.5 +/- 8.4 mg/dL; 20%). The direct effect of Romosinuano was to increase (P <0.004) ceruloplasmin concentrations of weaned calves (4.1 +/- 0.9 mg/dL) and of transported steers (3.9 +/- 1.3 mg/dL). The direct effect of Angus was to lower ceruloplasmin concentrations in weaned calves (-3.9 +/- 1.2; P = 0.001). Significant maternal effects were detected at weaning for ceruloplasmin concentrations in Romosinuano (-1.4 +/- 0.5 mg/ dL) and Angus (1.6 +/- 0.7 mg/dL) and fibrinogen concentrations in Brahman calves (-17.7 +/- 8.8 mg/dL). These data imply that acute phase protein concentrations in response to weaning and transportation are impacted by cattle breed.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Qiu
- University of Florida, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Range Cattle Research and Education Center, Ona 33865, USA
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181
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Oki A, Xu Q, Shpeizer B, Clearfield A, Qiu X, Kirumakki S, Tichy S. Synthesis, characterization and activity in cyclohexene epoxidation of mesoporous TiO2–SiO2 mixed oxides. CATAL COMMUN 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.catcom.2006.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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182
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Billova S, Galanopoulou AS, Seidah NG, Qiu X, Kumar U. Immunohistochemical expression and colocalization of somatostatin, carboxypeptidase-E and prohormone convertases 1 and 2 in rat brain. Neuroscience 2007; 147:403-18. [PMID: 17543468 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2007.04.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2007] [Revised: 04/05/2007] [Accepted: 04/11/2007] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The processing of many peptides for their maturation in target tissue depends upon the presence of sorting receptor. Several previous studies have predicted that carboxypeptidase-E (CPE), prohormone convertase 1 (PC1) and prohormone convertase 2 (PC2) may function as sorting elements for somatostatin (SST) for its maturation and processing to appropriate targets. However, nothing is currently known about whether brain, neuronal culture or even endocrine cells express SST, CPE, PC1 and PC2 and exhibit colocalization. Accordingly, in the present study using peroxidase immunohistochemistry, double-labeled indirect immunofluorescence immunohistochemistry and Western blot analysis, we mapped the distributional pattern of SST, CPE, PC1 and PC2 in different rat brain regions. Additionally, we also determined the colocalization of SST with CPE, PC1 and PC2 as well as colocalization of CPE with PC1 and PC2. The localization of SST, CPE, PC1 and PC2 reveals a distinct and region specific distribution pattern in the rat brain. Using an indirect double-label immunofluorescence method we observed selective neuron specific colocalization in a region specific manner in cortex, striatum and hippocampus. These studies provide the first evidence for colocalization between SST, CPE, PC1 and PC2 as well as CPE with PC1 and PC2. SST in cerebral cortex colocalized in pyramidal and non-pyramidal neurons with CPE, PC1 and PC2. Most importantly, in striatum and hippocampus colocalization was mostly observed selectively and preferentially in interneurons. CPE is also colocalized with PC1 and PC2 in a region specific manner. The data presented here provide a new insight into the distribution and colocalization of SST, CPE, PC1 and PC2 in rat brain. Taken together, our data anticipate the possibility that CPE, PC1 and PC2 might be potential target for the maturation of SST.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Billova
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 124
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183
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Yuan R, Yang YS, Qiu X, Ma FS. Environmental hazard analysis and effective remediation of highway seepage. J Hazard Mater 2007; 142:381-8. [PMID: 16996208 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2006.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2006] [Revised: 08/10/2006] [Accepted: 08/14/2006] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Risk assessment and minimisation of environmental hazards are critical issues to consider in the geotechnical engineering projects. A case of highway pavement seepage induced by groundwater, at a locality along the section of Hua-Qing Highway of Guangdong Province, China, is presented for environmental hazard analysis and effective remediation. The environmental hazard analyses were based on in situ hydrogeologic investigation, rock-soil testing and integrated environmental understanding. The analyses indicate that the highway seepage was caused by elevation of groundwater hydraulic pressure in low permeable strata near the highway pavement, which was controlled by landform, hydrology, weather and road structure. The risk source of groundwater 'flooding' was the groundwater and surface water in the ring-like valley around Fenshui Village. A blind-ditch system for effective remediation of the pavement seepage hazard was proposed and successfully implemented by declining groundwater table near the highway based on the comprehensive assessment of various conditions. This geotechnical accident shows that the role of groundwater is an essential factor to consider in the geotechnical and environmental engineering studies and multidisciplinary effort for risk assessment of environmental hazards is important under current global climate change condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renmao Yuan
- Institute of Geology, State Seismology Bureau, Beijing 100029, China
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184
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Zou Y, Perez-Soler R, Qiu X, Klostergaard J, Fang B. 336 POSTER Combination of proapoptotic gene and cisplatin for the treatment of resistant SCLC xenografts in nude mice. EJC Suppl 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/s1359-6349(06)70341-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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185
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Lu Q, Qiu X, Hu N, Wen H, Su Y, Richardson BC. Epigenetics, disease, and therapeutic interventions. Ageing Res Rev 2006; 5:449-67. [PMID: 16965942 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2006.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2006] [Revised: 07/20/2006] [Accepted: 07/24/2006] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Heritable changes in gene expression that do not involve coding sequence modifications are referred to as "epigenetic". Epigenetic mechanisms principally include DNA methylation and a variety of histone modifications, of which the best characterized is acetylation. DNA hypermethylation and histone hypoacetylation are hallmarks of gene silencing, while DNA hypomethylation and acetylated histones promote active transcription. Aberrant DNA methylation and histone acetylation have been linked to a number of age related disorders including cancer, autoimmune disorders and others. Since epigenetic alterations are reversible, modifying epigenetic marks contributing to disease development may provide an approach to designing new therapies. Herein we review the role of epigenetic changes in disease development, and recent advances in the therapeutic modification of epigenetic marks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q Lu
- Department of Dermatology and Epigenetic Research Center, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan 410011, PR China
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186
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Ma L, Huang Y, Song Z, Feng S, Tian X, Du W, Qiu X, Heese K, Wu M. Livin promotes Smac/DIABLO degradation by ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. Cell Death Differ 2006; 13:2079-88. [PMID: 16729033 DOI: 10.1038/sj.cdd.4401959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Livin, a member of the inhibitor of apoptosis protein (IAP) family, encodes a protein containing a single baculoviral IAP repeat (BIR) domain and a COOH-terminal RING finger domain. It has been reported that Livin directly interacts with caspase-3 and -7 in vitro and caspase-9 in vivo via its BIR domain and is negatively regulated by Smac/DIABLO. Nonetheless, the detailed mechanism underlying its antiapoptotic function has not yet been fully characterized. In this report, we provide, for the first time, the evidence that Livin can act as an E3 ubiquitin ligase for targeting the degradation of Smac/DIABLO. Both BIR domain and RING finger domain of Livin are required for this degradation in vitro and in vivo. We also demonstrate that Livin is an unstable protein with a half-life of less than 4 h in living cells. The RING domain of Livin promotes its auto-ubiquitination, whereas the BIR domain is likely to display degradation-inhibitory activity. Mutation in the Livin BIR domain greatly enhances its instability and nullifies its binding to Smac/DIABLO, resulting in a reduced antiapoptosis inhibition. Our findings provide a novel function of Livin: it exhibits E3 ubiquitin ligase activity to degrade the pivotal apoptotic regulator Smac/DIABLO through the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Ma
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, People's Republic of China
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187
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Bardal S, Misurski D, Qiu X, Desai K, McNeill JR. Chronic treatment with vascular endothelial growth factor preserves agonist-evoked vascular responses in the streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat. Diabetologia 2006; 49:811-8. [PMID: 16496123 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-006-0151-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2005] [Accepted: 11/25/2005] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Vascular dysfunction is a hallmark of diabetes mellitus and endothelial dysfunction is considered to be a key early component of vascular dysfunction. Attenuated agonist-evoked responses are considered to be a barometer of endothelial/vascular dysfunction. We sought to determine whether vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) could prevent dysfunction from developing in the streptozotocin (STZ)-induced rat model of type 1 diabetes. MATERIALS AND METHODS One week after induction of diabetes, STZ rats began a 4-week treatment protocol of twice-weekly i.v. injections of 2 microg VEGF or inactivated VEGF. Corresponding non-diabetic rats served as controls. Agonist-evoked vascular responses were recorded 1 day after the last treatment in anaesthetised rats. RESULTS Acetylcholine (0.1-12.5 microg/kg) evoked increases in superior mesenteric arterial conductance and decreases in mean blood pressure, while methoxamine (12.5-100 microg/kg) and endothelin-1 (100-1,200 pmol/kg) evoked decreases in superior mesenteric arterial conductance and increases in mean blood pressure. These responses to all three agonists were attenuated in STZ rats, and chronic treatment with VEGF improved these responses dramatically. Both the reduction in plasma nitrate and nitrite and the elevation in aortic superoxide associated with STZ diabetes were normalised with VEGF treatment. VEGF also prevented the apparent paradoxical increased endothelial nitric oxide synthase expression seen in untreated STZ rats. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION Chronic treatment with VEGF early in diabetes is able to prevent the attenuated agonist-evoked vascular responses in STZ rats and normalise the oxidative environment associated with the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Bardal
- Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5E5, Canada
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188
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Abstract
Water treatment using TiO2 semiconductor as a durable heterogeneous photocatalyst has been the focus of environmentalists in recent years. Currently, we developed an inexpensive and highly efficient approach for synthesizing nitrogen-doped TiO2 with lower band-gap energy that can respond to visible light. Doping on the molecular scale led to an enhanced nitrogen concentration of up to 21.8%. Reflectance measurements showed the synthesized N-doped TiO2 nanoparticles are catalytically active with the absorbance that extends into the visible region up to 600 nm. The water purification potential of this new class of compound was evaluated by studying the photodegradation of Acid Orange 7 (AO7) and E. coli. Experiments were conducted to compare the photocatalytic activities of N-doped TiO2 nanocatalysts and commercially available Degussa P25 power under identical solar light exposure. N-doped TiO2 demonstrated superior photocatalytic activities in both chemical compound degradation and bactericidal reactions. The result of this study shows the potential of applying new generations of catalyst for wastewater purification and disinfection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Liu
- Department of Civil Engineering and Mechanics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53201, USA.
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189
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Yu Z, Ma B, Zhou Y, Zhang M, Qiu X, Fan Q. Activation of antitumor cytotoxic T lymphocytes by fusion of patient-derived dendritic cells with autologous osteosarcoma. Exp Oncol 2005; 27:273-8. [PMID: 16404346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Fusion of human dendritic cells (DCs) with tumor cells is an effective approach for delivering tumor antigens to DCs, and DC/tumor fusion cells are potent stimulators of autologous T cells. However, the integration and morphology of DC/osteosarcoma fusion cells has not been examined. This study was designed to investigate the antitumor effects of tumor vaccine produced by electrofusion between human osteosarcoma cells and DCs. METHODS In the present study, we eletrofused patient-derived DCs to autologous osteosarcoma cells. The fusion cells possessed the properties of both patient cells. After electrofusion, the cytoplasm of the two cells was integrated, whereas their nuclei remained separate entities. The intracellular structure was observed on fusion cells under the transmission electron microscope. RESULTS Coculture of patient-derived peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) with DC/tumor fusion cells resulted in activation of T cells as assessed by standard cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) assays. CONCLUSIONS The present study provides valid evidence on integration of human DCs and tumor cells and links their properties to T cell activation. The fusion cells may thus represent a promising strategy for DC-based immunotherapy of patients with osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Yu
- Center of Orthopedic Surgery Orthopedics Oncology Institute of Chinese PLA, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710038, Shaanxi, China.
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190
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Qiu X, Janson C. A proposal to engineer protein crystallization through metal ions. Acta Crystallogr A 2005. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108767305092500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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191
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Qiu X, Eastridge ML, Firkins JL. Effects of Dry Matter Intake, Addition of Buffer, and Source of Fat on Duodenal Flow and Concentration of Conjugated Linoleic Acid and Trans-11 C18:1 in Milk. J Dairy Sci 2004; 87:4278-86. [PMID: 15545391 DOI: 10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(04)73572-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The primary objective of the study was to investigate the effects of DM intake, addition of buffer, and fish vs. soybean oil on duodenal flows and milk concentrations of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and trans-11 C18:1. Four ruminally and duodenally cannulated multiparous cows averaging 106 +/- 17 d in milk at the start of the trial were used in a 4 x 4 Latin square design with treatments as follows: 1) control=diet contained 2% fish oil and fed ad libitum, 2) buffer addition (BUFF)=control diet with 0.8% of NaHCO3 added, 3) low DM intake (LDMI)=DMI restricted to 80% of the control but concentration of fish oil was increased to 2.5% to provide for similar fatty acids (FA) intake, and 4) soybean oil (SBO)=same as control except 2% soybean oil was substituted for fish oil. The diets consisted of 36.2% forage and 63.8% concentrate. Each period consisted of 18 d, with the last 7 d devoted to data collection and the first 4 d used to determine the appropriate amount of feed to be offered to the cow on LDMI. Duodenal flows of CLA and trans-C18:1 were lower for SBO than for diets with fish oil. Feeding buffer did not affect ruminal pH or duodenal flows of trans-11 C18:1 and CLA. Restriction of DMI decreased duodenal flow of trans-11 C18:1 but did not decrease duodenal flow of CLA compared with control. In milk, CLA concentration was lower for SBO (24.5, 17.9, 18.5, and 10.1 mg/g of FA for control, BUFF, LDMI, and SBO, respectively). Cows fed fish oil had higher duodenal flow and milk concentration of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids than the cows fed SBO. Compared with SBO, fish oil is more effective in increasing duodenal flows of CLA and trans-11 C18:1, and thus, concentration of CLA in milk.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Qiu
- Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus 43210, USA
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192
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Qiu X, Eastridge ML, Griswold KE, Firkins JL. Effects of Substrate, Passage Rate, and pH in Continuous Culture on Flows of Conjugated Linoleic Acid and Trans C18:1. J Dairy Sci 2004; 87:3473-9. [PMID: 15377625 DOI: 10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(04)73482-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
A dual-flow continuous culture system consisting of 4 fermenters was used in a 4 x4 Latin square design. The objective of the research was to evaluate the effects of solid dilution rate (SDR), pH, and concentration of linoleic acid (LA) in the feed mixture on the production of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and trans-C18:1. The 4 treatments were 1) control = pH 6.5, 1% LA, 4%/h SDR; 2) high solid dilution rate (HSDR) = pH 6.5, 1% LA, 8%/h SDR; 3) high linoleic acid (HLA) = pH 6.5, 3% LA, 4%/h SDR; and 4) low pH (LPH) = pH 5.8, 1% LA, 4%/h SDR. Inoculum was collected 6 h after feeding from a cow fed 40% alfalfa hay and 60% grain. Liquid dilution rate was held at 0.12/h. All treatments except HLA contained 2% tallow. The LA was dissolved in buffer and continuously infused into the fermenters. The CLA flows were 16.5, 20.4, 23.2, and 25.2 mg/d for control, HSDR, HLA, and LPH, respectively. Compared with control, LPH increased flows of CLA, cis-C18:1, and C18:2, and decreased flow of C18:0. The neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF) digestibilities were not affected by pH. The HSDR tended to increase CLA flow compared to control, possibly because a shorter solid retention time led to incomplete biohydrogenation (BH). The NDF and ADF digestibilities and bacterial numbers were reduced by HSDR. With more LA available as a substrate for CLA, HLA resulted in a higher flow of CLA than control. The HLA resulted in the highest acid detergent fiber and fatty acid digestibilities, bacterial numbers, and BH. Increasing solids passage rate, reducing pH, and increasing dietary LA appears to increase in vitro CLA production.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Qiu
- Department of Animal Science, Food and Nutrition Southern Illinois University, Carbondale 62901, USA
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193
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Abstract
Eight intact multiparous cows and four ruminally and duodenally cannulated primiparous cows were fed four diets in a replicated 4 x 4 Latin square design: 1) 17% forage neutral detergent fiber (NDF) with brown midrib corn silage (BMRCS), 2) 21% forage NDF with BMRCS, 3) 17% forage NDF with conventional corn silage (CCS), and 4) 21% forage NDF with CCS. Diets contained 17.4% crude protein and 38.5% NDF. Each period consisted of 4 wk for intact cows and 2 wk for cannulated cows. For intact cows, DM intake was higher for BMRCS than CCS, and milk urea N was higher for 21 than 17% forage NDF. Milk protein yield tended to be higher and milk urea N lower for cows fed BMRCS than those fed CCS. Milk yield and milk protein percentage were similar among treatments. For the cannulated cows, ruminal mat consistency was similar among treatments. Based on a 72 h in situ incubation, BMRCS was lower in indigestible NDF than CCS. The BMRCS resulted in a higher proportion of ruminal propionate than CCS. Cows fed 21% forage NDF had a higher proportion of acetate and a lower proportion of propionate than cows fed 17% forage NDF. The total tract digestibility of nutrients and efficiency of bacterial N synthesis were similar among treatments, except that BMRCS resulted in lower intestinal fatty acid digestibility than CCS, and 17% forage NDF tended to result in higher total tract fatty acid digestibility than 21% forage NDF. Ruminal NDF digestibility was similar among dietary treatments. The increased milk production observed from feeding BMRCS in some studies may be explained by higher DM intake rather than increased total tract digestibility of the diets.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Qiu
- Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus 43210, USA
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194
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Yang H, Carr P, McLoughlin SY, Liu J, Horne I, Qiu X, Jeffries C, Russell R, Oakeshott J, Ollis D. Evolution of an organophosphate-degrading enzyme: a comparison of natural and directed evolution. Protein Eng Des Sel 2003. [DOI: 10.1093/proeng/gzg030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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195
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Yang H, Carr PD, McLoughlin SY, Liu JW, Horne I, Qiu X, Jeffries CMJ, Russell RJ, Oakeshott JG, Ollis DL. Evolution of an organophosphate-degrading enzyme: a comparison of natural and directed evolution. Protein Eng Des Sel 2003; 16:135-45. [PMID: 12676982 DOI: 10.1093/proeng/gzg013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Organophosphate-degrading enzyme from Agrobacterium radiobacter P230 (OPDA) is a recently discovered enzyme that degrades a broad range of organophosphates. It is very similar to OPH first isolated from Pseudomonas diminuta MG. Despite a high level of sequence identity, OPH and OPDA exhibit different substrate specificities. We report here the structure of OPDA and identify regions of the protein that are likely to give it a preference for substrates that have shorter alkyl substituents. Directed evolution was used to evolve a series of OPH mutants that had activities similar to those of OPDA. Mutants were selected for on the basis of their ability to degrade a number of substrates. The mutations tended to cluster in particular regions of the protein and in most cases, these regions were where OPH and OPDA had significant differences in their sequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Yang
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, GPO Box 414, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
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196
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Qiu X, Arikawa K. The photoreceptor localization confirms the spectral heterogeneity of ommatidia in the male small white butterfly, Pieris rapae crucivora. J Comp Physiol A Neuroethol Sens Neural Behav Physiol 2003; 189:81-8. [PMID: 12607036 DOI: 10.1007/s00359-002-0380-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2002] [Revised: 11/18/2002] [Accepted: 11/18/2002] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The compound eye of Pieris rapae crucivora contains ventrally three types of histologically distinct ommatidia. An ommatidium contains nine photoreceptors, four of which (R1-4) construct the distal tier of the rhabdom. We determined the sensitivity spectra of the R1-4 distal photoreceptors in each type of ommatidia by intracellular electrophysiology and identified UV, blue, double-peaked blue, green, and a green receptor with depressed sensitivity in the violet. We localized these receptors in each type of ommatidia by injecting dye after the recording. In type I ommatidia the R1 and R2 cells are UV and blue receptors. When R1 is UV sensitive, R2 is always blue sensitive, or vice versa. R3 and R4 in type I are both green receptors. In type II, R1 and R2 are both double-peaked blue receptors and R3 and R4 are both green receptors with depressed sensitivity in the violet. In type III, R1 and R2 are both UV, and R3 and R4 are green receptors. The double-peaked blue, and green receptors with depressed sensitivity in the violet in type II ommatidia have depressed sensitivity at 420 nm, which is probably due to the filtering effect of a fluorescing material present in the type II ommatidia. Spectral heterogeneity of ommatidia seems to be a common design of insect compound eyes.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Qiu
- Graduate School of Integrated Science, Yokohama City University, Japan
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197
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Wang J, Qiu X, Zhou L, Deng X, Zhang C, Zhou C. [Differentiated microcarcinoma of the thyroid gland in 45 cases]. Lin Chuang Er Bi Yan Hou Ke Za Zhi 2001; 15:542-3. [PMID: 12541722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To offer therapeutic management for patients with microcarcinoma of the thyroid gland (TMC). METHOD Forty-five patients with TMC were treated from 1993, including 10 males and 35 females. Homolateral total thyroidectomy + contralateral subtotal thyroidectomy + homolateral functional neck dissection was taken as routine. RESULT Among 168 patients with differentiated carcinoma of the thyroid gland, 45 patients were TMC (26.78%). Homolateral metastasis of lymph node presented in 11 (24.44%) of the TMC patients. No operation complications. All patients were followed up. No recurrence, no death. CONCLUSION The lymph node metastasis appears to be high. Homolateral total thyroidectomy + contralateral subtotal thyroidectomy + homolateral functional neck dissection was effective and essential.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Second Medical University, Shanghai 200001
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198
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Zheng F, Qiu X, Yin S, Li Y. Changes in serum leptin levels in chronic renal failure patients with metabolic acidosis. J Ren Nutr 2001; 11:207-11. [PMID: 11680001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the relationship between serum leptin levels (SLL) and metabolic acidosis in patients with chronic renal failure (CRF). DESIGN SLL in control patients and in predialysis patients with CRF were measured and compared. SLL before and after correction of acidosis in patients with CRF were also compared. PATIENTS AND CONTROLS Twenty-five patients with CRF (10 men and 15 women) aged 51.2 +/- 10.4 years and control patients (healthy subjects, 23 men and 25 women) aged 42.1 +/- 12.6 years were studied. INTERVENTION Five percent sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO(3), 2 to 3 mL/kg) was intravenously infused on the morning of the first day of treatment. NaHCO(3) was taken orally at a dosage of 50 to 200 mg/kg/d for 3 to 5 days thereafter. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE SLL before and after NaHCO(3) treatment was measured by radioimmunoassay, and blood gas was measured before and after correction of metabolic acidosis in patients with CRF. RESULTS SLL in the normal control group (n = 48) was 10.04 +/- 7.0 ng/mL and was realated to body mass index (BMI) (P =.0331). SLL in men (n = 23) was lower than that in female controls (n = 25, P <.01). SLL in patients with CRF (n = 25) before (plasma HCO(3)(-), 13.03 +/- 3.05 mmol/L) and immediately after improvement of metabolic acidosis (plasma HCO(3)(-), 18.35 +/- 4.21 mmol/L) was 14.52 +/- 9.27 ng/mL and 15.34 +/- 11.89 ng/mL (P >.05), respectively. SLL measured 3 to 5 days after treatment for metabolic acidosis (plasma HCO(3)(-), 20.46 +/- 4.03 mmol/L) was 19.33 +/- 14.58 ng/mL, which was significantly higher than that in the normal control group and that in acidotic patients before NaHCO(3) treatment (P <.01). CONCLUSIONS SLL in acidotic patients with CRF were comparable to that in control subjects, and SLL was significantly increased after correction of metabolic acidosis in patients with CRF. The preliminary results suggest that hyperleptinemia in patients with CRF may be masked by metabolic acidosis and that metabolic acidosis may inhibit leptin synthesis or secretion. Further studies are needed to clarify the mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Zheng
- Division of Nephrology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
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199
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Qiu X, Janson CA, Smith WW, Green SM, McDevitt P, Johanson K, Carter P, Hibbs M, Lewis C, Chalker A, Fosberry A, Lalonde J, Berge J, Brown P, Houge-Frydrych CS, Jarvest RL. Crystal structure of Staphylococcus aureus tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase in complex with a class of potent and specific inhibitors. Protein Sci 2001; 10:2008-16. [PMID: 11567092 PMCID: PMC2374228 DOI: 10.1110/ps.18001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2001] [Revised: 07/05/2001] [Accepted: 07/12/2001] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
SB-219383 and its analogues are a class of potent and specific inhibitors of bacterial tyrosyl-tRNA synthetases. Crystal structures of these inhibitors have been solved in complex with the tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase from Staphylococcus aureus, the bacterium that is largely responsible for hospital-acquired infections. The full-length enzyme yielded crystals that diffracted to 2.8 A resolution, but a truncated version of the enzyme allowed the resolution to be extended to 2.2 A. These inhibitors not only occupy the known substrate binding sites in unique ways, but also reveal a butyl binding pocket. It was reported that the Bacillus stearothermophilus TyrRS T51P mutant has much increased catalytic activity. The S. aureus enzyme happens to have a proline at position 51. Therefore, our structures may contribute to the understanding of the catalytic mechanism and provide the structural basis for designing novel antimicrobial agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Qiu
- GlaxoSmithKline, King of Prussia, Pennsylvania 19406, USA.
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200
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Abstract
Recovery of mRNA from environmental samples for measurement of in situ metabolic activities is a significant challenge. A robust, simple, rapid, and effective method was developed for simultaneous recovery of both RNA and DNA from soils of diverse composition by adapting our previous grinding-based cell lysis method (Zhou et al., Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 62:316-322, 1996) for DNA extraction. One of the key differences is that the samples are ground in a denaturing solution at a temperature below 0 degrees C to inactivate nuclease activity. Two different methods were evaluated for separating RNA from DNA. Among the methods examined for RNA purification, anion exchange resin gave the best results in terms of RNA integrity, yield, and purity. With the optimized protocol, intact RNA and high-molecular-weight DNA were simultaneously recovered from 19 soil and stream sediment samples of diverse composition. The RNA yield from these samples ranged from 1.4 to 56 microg g of soil(-1) dry weight), whereas the DNA yield ranged from 23 to 435 microg g(-1). In addition, studies with the same soil sample showed that the DNA yield was, on average, 40% higher than that in our previous procedure and 68% higher than that in a commercial bead milling method. For the majority of the samples, the DNA and RNA recovered were of sufficient purity for nuclease digestion, microarray hybridization, and PCR or reverse transcription-PCR amplification.
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Affiliation(s)
- R A Hurt
- Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 38831, USA
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