76
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Abstract
Petit mal is a condition characterized by absences accompanied on EEG by discharges of 3/sec spike and waves lasting more than 3-4 seconds. In 145 patients with pure petit mal (PPM) these were the only findings. They were associated with other types of seizures (APM) in 52 subjects and with myoclonic jerks of the upper limbs. (MPM) in 8. Clinical and EEG normalization was obtained in 93/111 patients with PPM with adequate therapy (84%), while the same outcome was observed in 7/31 (22%) of the subjects without adequate therapy. In the group with APM, clinical and EEG normalization was obtained in 26/34 (76%), while it was observed in 3/18 (16%) of the patients who received inadequate therapy. Among the patients with MPM, clinical but not EEG normalization was obtained in 4/8. The personal history showed a high percentage of febrile convulsions. IPS was also frequently positive. The prognosis of PM seems to be mainly related to adequate therapy. The presence of other types of seizures does not significantly modify the prognosis provided that the therapy is adequate. It is, however, important to note that signs or symptoms of neurologic impairment were rare in this group of patients, probably due to the criteria chosen for the selection of patients.
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77
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Fois A, Bardelli AM, Frezzotti R, Acquaviva A, Bernardini C, Hadjistilianou T. Combined treatment modalities of orbital rhabdomyosarcoma in children. Eur J Pediatr 1986; 144:514-5. [PMID: 3956541 DOI: 10.1007/bf00441754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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78
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Fois A, Cioni M, Balestri P, Bartalini G, Baumgartner R, Bachmann C. Biotinidase deficiency: metabolites in CSF. J Inherit Metab Dis 1986; 9:284-5. [PMID: 3099073 DOI: 10.1007/bf01799663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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79
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Kleijer WJ, Horsman D, Mancini GM, Fois A, Boue J. First-trimester diagnosis of maple syrup urine disease on intact chorionic villi. N Engl J Med 1985; 313:1608. [PMID: 4069174 DOI: 10.1056/nejm198512193132514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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80
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Magnani M, Stocchi V, Canestrari F, Dachà M, Balestri P, Farnetani MA, Giorgi D, Fois A, Fornaini G. Human erythrocyte hexokinase deficiency: a new variant with abnormal kinetic properties. Br J Haematol 1985; 61:41-50. [PMID: 4052330 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2141.1985.tb04058.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
A 14-month-old child who had a haemolytic episode when he was 5 years old, and with psychomotor retardation, was found to have decreased red cell hexokinase activity. The mutant enzyme was characterized by an increased affinity for glucose associated with an increased inhibition constant for glucose-1,6-diphosphate. Affinity for Mg ATP2-, heat stability and pH-optimum were normal. The isozymic pattern of the red cell enzyme was normal but all the molecular forms were present in reduced amounts. The kinetics of decay of hexokinase during cell ageing was also normal. Glucose consumption of the hexokinase deficient cells was 60-65% of the controls while the amount metabolized through the hexose monophosphate shunt was unchanged. Red cell 2,3-diphosphoglycerate and glucose-6-phosphate levels were normal in the proband but reduced in the erythrocytes of his parents, who were heterozygous for the defect but had normal haematological data. Comparison with the 13 previously reported cases of hexokinase deficiency confirms the broad phenotypic variability that characterizes this disorder.
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81
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Fois A, Balestri P, Farnetani MA, Berardi R, Mattei R, Laurenzi E, Alessandrini C, Gerli R, Ribuffo A, Calvieri S. Giant axonal neuropathy. Endocrinological and histological studies. Eur J Pediatr 1985; 144:274-80. [PMID: 4054168 DOI: 10.1007/bf00451961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
A case of giant axonal neuropathy (GAN) in a boy of 4 years and 6 months, is reported. Nerve conduction velocity (NCV), EEG and CT scan indicated both peripheral and central nervous system involvement. Intestinal absorption tests did not reveal vitamin B12 malabsorption; the endocrine situation was found to be substantially normal. The clinical picture was not modified by 18 months cyanocobalamine administration followed by 2 months therapy with prednisone. Electron microscopic (EM) examination revealed longitudinal and opposing grooves (pili canaliculi) in the hair and bundles of neuro-filaments in the myelinated and unmyelinated nerve fibre axons in sural nerve. EM of conjunctiva and skin revealed masses of intermediate-sized filaments within mast cells, fibroblasts, melanocytes, endothelial and Schwann cells. These findings confirm the hypothesis that GAN is a generalised abnormality of cytoplasmic microfilament formation, probably linked to an unknown disorder of protein metabolism.
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82
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Abstract
From a series of 230 subjects with infantile spasms (I.S.) observed from 1955 to 1982, 191 cases with sufficient data on follow-up and evaluation were selected. The period of follow-up in 100 subjects ranged from 3 months to 3 years and was more than 3 years in the remaining 91 patients. Disappearance of spasms and normal psychomotor development was observed in 34 of the 61 idiopathic and post-infectious cases. In 130 subjects with secondary forms normal psychomotor development was observed in only two patients; disappearance of spasms was noted in 54 and normalisation of the EEG in 13 subjects. Satisfactory long term results can be obtained with a relatively low dose of corticotropin in a considerable number of patients having idiopathic and post-infectious forms of I.S. To obtain the best results treatment should be started as soon as possible.
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83
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Fois A, Malandrini F. Electroencephalographic findings in pediatric cases of coma. CLINICAL EEG (ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY) 1983; 14:207-13. [PMID: 6640954 DOI: 10.1177/155005948301400404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Electroencephalographic aspects of coma in 201 children are presented. The ages of the subjects ranged between 1 month and 14 years. The EEG picture was not specific. Diffuse slowing and convulsive activity were present in meningoencephalitis and postconvulsive coma. Diffuse slowing was also present in coma of metabolic origin. Mixed slow and fast activity was typical of coma due to benzodiazepines, barbiturates and alcohol. In patients with intracerebral hemorrhages, there was marked focal slowing associated with generalized delta and theta waves. In 12 patients with craniocerebral trauma, the EEG showed generalized slowing which was associated with focal reduction of voltage in 6 cases and with convulsive activity in 2. Extreme slowing or an isoelectric recording had a bad prognosis. The reappearance of sleep spindles was a favorable sign.
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84
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85
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Berardi R, Baracchi MR, Borgogni P, Margollicci MA, Mattei R, Fois A. [Results of a screening project for congenital hypothyroidism in 4 years of experience]. LA PEDIATRIA MEDICA E CHIRURGICA 1982; 4:657-60. [PMID: 6927417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
A screening program for congenital hypothyroidism has been starting in Siena since November, 1977 with the Guthrie's test for PKU. According to the recommendations of the Committee of the European Thyroid Association the program were performed on capillary blood samples collected between the fourth and sixth days after birth on an adsorbent paper. The screening began with the measurement of T4 RIA (up to May, 1980), and T4 and TSH RIA (from may, 1980, to december, 1981). At december, 1981, 23.693 newborns have been screened. The recall rate was 2,5% up to may, 1980, and 0,11% from may, 1980 to december, 1981. Ten newborns with congenital hypothyroidism have been detected; the incidence is one in 2.400 live births. There were no cases of transient hypothyroidism and no cases of TBG deficiency. All patients are treated before the age of one month. The diagnosis is confirmed in seven cases at one year of life after stopterapy for one month. Our program confirm the high incidence of congenital hypothyroidism. Clinical control, based on physical and psychomotor development testing in seven patients treated confirmed that all infants are normal.
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86
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Bardelli AM, Borgogni P, Farnetani MA, Fois A, Frezzotti R, Mattei R, Molinelli M, Sargentini I. Familial tyrosinaemia with eye and skin lesions. Presentation of two cases. Ophthalmologica 1977; 175:5-9. [PMID: 20595 DOI: 10.1159/000308631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Two cases of tyrosinaemia with eye and skin lesions typical of the Richner-Hanhart syndrome are described. The patients are a 29- and 26-year-old brother and sister. They do not show neurological abnormalities or mental retardation. Parents are not consanguineous and family history is negative for similar conditions. The diagnosis of type II tyrosinaemia was based upon an increase of blood tyrosine (14-16mg/100 ml), tyrosinuria and absence of liver and kidney abnormalities. The treatment with a low tyrosine phenylalanine diet has resulted in a disappearence of the ocular manifestations while the cutaneous lesions are much improved.
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87
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88
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Fois A, Mattei R. [Treatment of some congenital metabolic errors in the mother and in the newborn infant]. LA PEDIATRIA 1975; 83:479-99. [PMID: 1233014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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89
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Fois A, Malandrini F. [Further observations on the usefulness of corticotropin therapy in childhood epilEPSY]. Minerva Pediatr 1974; 26:735-42. [PMID: 4376209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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90
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Fois A, Pindinelli CA, Berardi R. Early signs of tuberous sclerosis in infancy and childhood. HELVETICA PAEDIATRICA ACTA 1973; 28:313-21. [PMID: 4762524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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91
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Fois A, Benedetti PA, Pindinelli CA. [Clinical importance of infantile hypoglycemia. 4 case reports]. Minerva Pediatr 1973; 25:478-91. [PMID: 4735831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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92
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Fois A, Lippi A. Nonictal Symptoms Associated with Severe Electroencephalographic Epileptiform Abnormalities. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1970. [DOI: 10.1177/155005947000100105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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93
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Fois A. [Angelo Chieffi (1903-1969)]. Minerva Med 1969; 60:XIV. [PMID: 4900726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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94
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Fois A, Borgheresi S, Luti E, Roser O. [Clinical value of positive spike discharges of 14 and 6 cycles per second]. RIVISTA DI NEUROBIOLOGIA : ORGANO UFFICIALE DELLA SOCIETA DEI NEUROLOGI, NEURORADIOLOGI E NEUROCHIRURGHI OSPEDALIERI 1968; 14:391-6. [PMID: 5714104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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95
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Fois A, Testaferrata A, Zammarchi E, Lippi A. [Personal experience in organizing a laboratory for the diagnosis of aminoacidopathies]. RIVISTA DI CLINICA PEDIATRICA 1968; 81:449-65. [PMID: 5759718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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96
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Fois A, Borgheresi S, Luti E. Clinical correlates of focal epileptic discharges in children without seizures. A study of 110 cases. HELVETICA PAEDIATRICA ACTA 1968; 23:257-65. [PMID: 5725819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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97
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Fois A, Corvaglia E. [A case of infantile Takayasu syndrome]. RIVISTA DI CLINICA PEDIATRICA 1967; 80:224-30. [PMID: 5605664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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98
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Fois A, Muzzetto M, Satta G. [The medico-social problem of infantile encephalopathies. Contribution to the studies on program planning]. ANNALI DELLA SANITA PUBBLICA 1967; 28:831-54. [PMID: 5606699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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99
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Fois A. [Medical therapy of infantile epilepsy]. Minerva Pediatr 1967; 19:1041-6. [PMID: 5610097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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100
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Fois A, Borgheresi S, Luti E. [Possible familial background in the pathogenesis of autonomic seizures]. RIVISTA DI NEUROBIOLOGIA : ORGANO UFFICIALE DELLA SOCIETA DEI NEUROLOGI, NEURORADIOLOGI E NEUROCHIRURGHI OSPEDALIERI 1967; 13:375-80. [PMID: 5606501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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