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Ishihara Y, Zhang JB, Fakher M, Best AM, Schenkein HA, Barbour SE, Tew JG. Non-redundant roles for interleukin-1 alpha and interleukin-1 beta in regulating human IgG2. J Periodontol 2001; 72:1332-9. [PMID: 11699474 DOI: 10.1902/jop.2001.72.10.1332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Serum concentrations of immunoglobulin G2 (IgG2) are elevated in localized aggressive periodontitis (LAgP) patients, and secretory products of monocytes from LAgP patients enhance IgG2 responses of lymphocytes from healthy subjects. Furthermore, genes regulating production of interleukin (IL)-1 influence the risk for both aggressive periodontitis (AgP) and chronic periodontitis. These observations, and the fact that IgG2 dominates responses to carbohydrates from Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans and Porphyromonas gingivalis, prompted the hypothesis that IL-1 alpha, IL-1 beta, and IL-RA may help regulate human IgG2 responses. METHODS Human peripheral blood leukocytes (PBL) were stimulated in culture with pokeweed mitogen (PWM); the levels of available IL-1 gene products were manipulated; and the effect on IgG2 production was monitored. Manipulations of IL-1 were accomplished by adding specific neutralizing monoclonal antibodies or recombinant IL-1RA, IL-1 alpha, or IL-1 beta. RESULTS Blocking the IL-1 receptor with IL-1RA or neutralizing IL-1 alpha or IL-1 beta with specific antibody dramatically suppressed IgG2 production (50% to 70%). Additionally IL-1 alpha did not compensate for neutralized IL-1 beta, and additional IL-1 beta did not compensate for neutralized IL-1 alpha, suggesting the 2 monokines have separate roles in promoting IgG2. Furthermore, combinations of anti-IL-1 alpha and anti-IL-1 beta were more inhibitory than either antibody alone, and IL-1 alpha and IL-1 beta in combination appeared to work additively in promoting IgG2. Moreover, PBL cultures from a group of LAgP patients with high IgG2 levels had elevated levels of IL-1 beta. CONCLUSION IL-1 alpha and IL-1 beta appear to have critical and non-redundant roles in the generation and regulation of potent IgG2 responses, which appear to be important in human responses to carbohydrate-bearing bacteria.
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Yu X, Zhang JB. [Treatment of ROU with traditional Chinese medicine Jin Shui Bao]. SHANGHAI KOU QIANG YI XUE = SHANGHAI JOURNAL OF STOMATOLOGY 2001; 10:181-2. [PMID: 14994056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
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Zhang XZ, Wang XB, Tang ZG, Zhang JB. Effects of Tween-80 on the biodistribution of several lipophilic technetium-99m complexes. Nucl Med Biol 2001; 28:303-8. [PMID: 11323242 DOI: 10.1016/s0969-8051(00)00192-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The effects of Tween-80 on the biodistributions in mice of (99m)Tc-TBI, (99m)Tc-MIBI, (99m)TcN-TBI and (99m)TcN-MIBI were reported. The studies resulted that liver and blood uptakes of Tween-80 added (TA) complexes significantly lower than that of corresponding non-Tween-80 added (NTA) complexes. And the clearance rate from blood of TA complexes faster than that of NTA complexes. The optimal concentration of Tween-80 was about 1%. It can decrease the lipophilicity of (99m)Tc-complexes and improve the biological properties of the lipophilic (99m)Tc-complexes for myocardial imaging. It's worthy for further studies.
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Dong SJ, Lee FX, Liu KF, Zhang JB. Chiral symmetry, quark mass, and scaling of the overlap fermions. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2000; 85:5051-5054. [PMID: 11102184 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.85.5051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2000] [Revised: 06/19/2000] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The chiral symmetry relation and scaling of the overlap fermions are studied numerically on the quenched lattices at 3 couplings with about the same physical volume. We find that the generalized Gell-Mann-Oakes-Renner relation is satisfied to better than 1% down to the smallest quark mass at m(0)a = 0.006. We also obtain the quark mass from the PCAC relation and the pseudoscalar masses. The renormalization group invariant quark mass is shown to be fairly independent of scale. The pi and rho masses at a fixed m(pi)/m(rho) ratio indicate small O(a(2)) corrections. It is found that the critical slowing down sets in abruptly at a very small quark mass close to those of the physical u and d quarks.
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Yu Y, Zhang JB, Cheng G, Schell MC, Okunieff P. Multi-objective optimization in radiotherapy: applications to stereotactic radiosurgery and prostate brachytherapy. Artif Intell Med 2000; 19:39-51. [PMID: 10767615 DOI: 10.1016/s0933-3657(99)00049-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Treatment planning for radiation therapy is a multi-objective optimization process. Here we present a machine intelligent scheme for treatment planning based on multi-objective decision analysis (MODA) and genetic algorithm (GA) optimization. Multi-objective ranking strategies are represented in the L(p) metric under the displaced ideal model. Goal setting, protocol satisficing and fuzzy ranking of objective importance can be incorporated into the decision scheme to assimilate clinical decision making. For distance measures in the L(p) metric, a dynamic gauge function is defined based on the state energy of the decision system, which is assumed to undergo thermodynamic cooling with iteration time. The MODA scheme interacts with a robust GA engine, which adaptively evolves in the multi-modal landscape that defines the treatment plan quality. A conventionally challenging case of stereotactic radiosurgery of a brain lesion was selected for GA optimization. The resulting dose distributions are compared to human-developed plans, which are commonly regarded as clinically relevant and empirically optimal. The GA-optimized plans achieve substantially better sparing of critical normal neuroanatomy surrounding the brain lesion while respecting the preset constraints on tumor dose uniformity. In addition, machine optimization tends to produce novel treatment strategies which complements expert knowledge. The run time for producing an optimal plan is considerably shorter than the typical planning time for human experts, thus GA can also be used to aid the human treatment planning process. In prostate brachytherapy, MODA-GA was specifically applied to non-ideal conditions in which typical surgical uncertainties in seed implant positioning occur, where noisy objectives were introduced into the optimization scheme. The noisy system is found to be manageable by MODA-GA at uncertainty levels corresponding to reasonably proficient surgery teams. In contrast, noisy objectives would be very difficult to explore by human expert planners. Potential use of noisy optimization with time series analysis is being explored for error-corrective computer guidance in the operating room for prostate seed implantation. In conclusion, the combination of MODA and GA optimization offers both a solution to practical treatment planning tasks and the potential for real time applications in radiotherapy.
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Ishihara Y, Zhang JB, Quinn SM, Schenkein HA, Best AM, Barbour SE, Tew JG. Regulation of immunoglobulin G2 production by prostaglandin E(2) and platelet-activating factor. Infect Immun 2000; 68:1563-8. [PMID: 10678975 PMCID: PMC97316 DOI: 10.1128/iai.68.3.1563-1568.2000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with localized juvenile periodontitis (LJP) have elevated levels of immunoglobulin G2 (IgG2) in their sera. This is also observed in vitro when peripheral blood leukocytes from LJP patients are stimulated with pokeweed mitogen. In previous studies, we showed that lymphocytes from subjects with no periodontitis (NP subjects) produced substantial amounts of IgG2 when they were cultured with monocytes from LJP patients (LJP monocytes). These observations indicate that monocytes or monocyte-derived mediators are positive regulators of the production of IgG2. The present study was initiated to determine if secreted factors from LJP monocytes were capable of enhancing IgG2 production and to determine if prostaglandin E2 (PGE(2)), which LJP monocytes produce at elevated levels, enhances IgG2 production. Experiments in a transwell system and with monocyte-conditioned media indicated that cell-cell contact was not necessary for LJP monocytes to augment the production of IgG2 by T and B cells from NP subjects. Moreover, the production of IgG2 was selectively induced by the addition of PGE(2) or platelet-activating factor (PAF), another lipid cytokine, which can elevate PGE(2) synthesis. Furthermore, IgG2 production was abrogated when cells were treated with indomethacin, a cyclooxygenase inhibitor that blocks the synthesis of PGE(2), or the PAF antagonists CV3988 and TEPC-15. The effects of indomethacin were completely reversed by PGE(2), indicating that this is the only prostanoid that is essential for the production of IgG2. Similarly, PGE(2) reversed the effects of a PAF antagonist, suggesting that the effects of PAF are mediated through the induction of PGE(2) synthesis. Together, these data indicate that PGE(2) and PAF are essential for the production of IgG2.
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Abstract
A method is proposed to study the steady blood constitutive equation (BCE). With the method several BCEs are tested and Quemada, Bi-exponent and K-L equations are found to be well in agreement with the hemorheological characteristics of human and canine blood and these equations may be well used in hemorheology and hemodynamics. In addition, the potential clinical applications of some blood constitutive parameters (BCPs) are discussed. It is found that the hematocrit can significantly affect the BCPs: K(A) = alpha2/alpha1, Q(A) = eta0/eta(infinity), R(A) = etaA/eta(e) - 1, which means relative viscosities and they may be related to RBC aggregative level. Moreover, we also show that the parameters are related to the RBC aggregative strength and level.
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Gong KT, Zhang JB, Kan SL. [Repair of multiple fingers degloving injury with abdominal "s"-type skin flap]. ZHONGGUO XIU FU CHONG JIAN WAI KE ZA ZHI = ZHONGGUO XIUFU CHONGJIAN WAIKE ZAZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF REPARATIVE AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY 1999; 13:332-4. [PMID: 12080829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore a new surgical management of multiple fingers degloving injury. METHODS In 1994 to 1997, 47 cases with multiple fingers degloving injury were sutured by two reverse "s"-type skin flaps on abdominal flank. RESULTS The skin flaps in 46 cases survived and the wounds obtained primary heal. CONCLUSION The application of abdominal flank "s"-type skin flap is reliable and convenient in the treatment of multiple fingers degloving injury.
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Qun L, Luo Q, Zhang ZY, Chen YC, Zhang JB, Dong H, Lin DH. Effects of astragalus on IL-2/IL-2R system in patients with maintained hemodialysis. Clin Nephrol 1999; 52:333-4. [PMID: 10584999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/14/2023] Open
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Messing EM, Zhang JB, Rubens DJ, Brasacchio RA, Strang JG, Soni A, Schell MC, Okunieff PG, Yu Y. Intraoperative optimized inverse planning for prostate brachytherapy: early experience. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 1999; 44:801-8. [PMID: 10386636 DOI: 10.1016/s0360-3016(99)00088-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To demonstrate the feasibility of an intraoperative inverse planning technique with advanced optimization for prostate seed implantation. METHODS AND MATERIALS We have implemented a method for optimized inverse planning of prostate seed implantation in the operating room (OR), based on the genetic algorithm (GA) driven Prostate Implant Planning Engine for Radiotherapy (PIPER). An integrated treatment planning system was deployed, which includes real-time ultrasound image acquisition, treatment volume segmentation, GA optimization, real-time decision making and sensitivity analysis, isodose and DVH evaluation, and virtual reality navigation and surgical guidance. Ten consecutive patients previously scheduled for implantation were included in the series. RESULTS The feasibility of the technique was established by careful monitoring of each step in the OR and comparison with conventional preplanned implants. The median elapsed time for complete image capture, segmentation, GA optimization, and plan evaluation was 4, 10, 2.2, and 2 min, respectively. The dosimetric quality of the OR-based plan was shown to be equivalent to the corresponding preplan. CONCLUSION An intraoperative optimized inverse planning technique was developed for prostate brachytherapy. The feasibility of the method was demonstrated through an early clinical experience.
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Yu Y, Zhang JB, Brasacchio RA, Okunieff PG, Rubens DJ, Strang JG, Soni A, Messing EM. Automated treatment planning engine for prostate seed implant brachytherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 1999; 43:647-52. [PMID: 10078652 DOI: 10.1016/s0360-3016(98)00407-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To develop a computer-intelligent planning engine for automated treatment planning and optimization of ultrasound- and template-guided prostate seed implants. METHODS AND MATERIALS The genetic algorithm was modified to reflect the 2D nature of the implantation template. A multi-objective decision scheme was used to rank competing solutions, taking into account dose uniformity and conformity to the planning target volume (PTV), dose-sparing of the urethra and the rectum, and the sensitivity of the resulting dosimetry to seed misplacement. Optimized treatment plans were evaluated using selected dosimetric quantifiers, dose-volume histogram (DVH), and sensitivity analysis based on simulated seed placement errors. These dosimetric planning components were integrated into the Prostate Implant Planning Engine for Radiotherapy (PIPER). RESULTS PIPER has been used to produce a variety of plans for prostate seed implants. In general, maximization of the minimum peripheral dose (mPD) for given implanted total source strength tended to produce peripherally weighted seed patterns. Minimization of the urethral dose further reduced the loading in the central region of the PTV. Isodose conformity to the PTV was achieved when the set of objectives did not reflect seed positioning uncertainties; the corresponding optimal plan generally required fewer seeds and higher source strength per seed compared to the manual planning experience. When seed placement uncertainties were introduced into the set of treatment planning objectives, the optimal plan tended to reach a compromise between the preplanned outcome and the likelihood of retaining the preferred outcome after implantation. The reduction in the volatility of such seed configurations optimized under uncertainty was verified by sensitivity studies. CONCLUSION An automated treatment planning engine incorporating real-time sensitivity analysis was found to be a useful tool in dosimetric planning for prostate brachytherapy.
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Zhang JB, Kuang ZB, Fan Y. Rectification on the inertial effects for co-axial cylinders rheometer. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 1998; 19:229-34. [PMID: 9874358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
The inertia of the fluid and the inner cylinder in co-axial cylinders rheometer have a great influence on the unsteady flow of non-Newtonian fluid. In the paper this phenomenon is studied minitely and a method to correct the measured results for an unsteady flow in the rheometer is proposed. It was found that the inertia effect of a fluid can be ignored when the gap between cylinders is smaller and the inertia effect of the inner cylinder can be represented with a vibration equation. Using the equation changes of Huang's blood constitutive parameters are observed.
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Quinn SM, Zhang JB, Gunsolley JC, Schenkein HA, Tew JG. The influence of smoking and race on adult periodontitis and serum IgG2 levels. J Periodontol 1998; 69:171-7. [PMID: 9526916 DOI: 10.1902/jop.1998.69.2.171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Smoking is a known risk factor for developing periodontal diseases, but the risk appears to be greater for white smokers than black smokers. Furthermore, it has been reported that young white subjects have significantly lower levels of serum IgG2 than their non-smoking counterparts while young black adult subjects are generally not affected by smoking. These relationships prompted the hypothesis that adult white subjects, including periodontitis subjects, who smoked would have more attachment loss than adult black subjects and that smoking would be associated with lower serum IgG2 levels in adult white subjects but not in adult black subjects. Smoking status was established from serum cotinine levels determined by radioimmunoassay. Serum IgG subclass levels were determined using radial immunodiffusion. White adult periodontitis (AP) and non-periodontitis (NP) subjects who smoked had greater mean attachment loss per site than their non-smoking counterparts. Furthermore, smoking white AP subjects and their age-matched NP controls had substantially less IgG2 in their serum. In marked contrast, we were unable to detect any increase in periodontal destruction or a significant decrease in serum IgG2 levels in smoking black AP subjects or their age-matched controls. However, IgG1 and IgG4 levels were reduced in smoking black AP subjects. IgG3 was the only subclass in adults that was unaffected by smoking. IgG2 can be a good opsonin and may help control periodontitis-associated bacteria in adults. Even though a cause-and-effect relationship has not been established, the association between a smoking-related decrease in serum IgG2 and an increase in periodontal destruction in white subjects is striking.
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Yu Y, Schell MC, Zhang JB. Decision theoretic steering and genetic algorithm optimization: application to stereotactic radiosurgery treatment planning. Med Phys 1997; 24:1742-50. [PMID: 9394281 DOI: 10.1118/1.597951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Treatment planning for stereotactic radiosurgery and fractionated radiotherapy is currently a labor intensive, operator-dependent process. Many degrees of freedom exist to make rigorous optimization intractable except by computationally intelligent techniques. The quality of a given plan is determined by an aggregate of clinical objectives, most of which are subject to competing tradeoffs. In this work, we present an autonomous scheme that couples decision theoretic guidance with a genetic algorithm for optimization. Ordinal ranking among a population of viable treatment plans is based on a generalized distance metric, which promotes a decreasing hyperfrontier of the efficient solution set. The solution set is driven toward efficiency by the genetic algorithm, which uses the tournament selection mechanism based on the ordinal ranking. Goals and satisficing conditions can be defined to signal the ultimate and the minimum achievement levels in a given objective. A conventionally challenging case in radiosurgery was used to demonstrate the practical utility and the problem-solving power of the decision theoretic genetic algorithm. Treatment plans with one isocenter and four isocenters were derived under the autonomous scheme and compared to the actual treatment plan manually optimized by the expert planner. Quality assessment based on dose-volume histograms and normal tissue complication probabilities suggested that computational optimization could be driven to offer varying degrees of dosimetric improvement over a human-guided optimization effort. Furthermore, it was possible to achieve a high degree of isodose conformity to the target volume in computational optimization by increasing the degree of freedom in the treatment parameters. The time taken to derive an efficient planning solution was comparable and usually shorter than in the manual planning process, and can be scaled down almost linearly with the number of processors. Overall, the autonomous genetic algorithm scheme was found to be powerful and versatile as a computationally intelligent counterpart to human-guided strategies in treatment optimization for stereotactic radiosurgery and radiotherapy.
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Tangada SD, Califano JV, Nakashima K, Quinn SM, Zhang JB, Gunsolley JC, Schenkein HA, Tew JG. The effect of smoking on serum IgG2 reactive with Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans in early-onset periodontitis patients. J Periodontol 1997; 68:842-50. [PMID: 9379328 DOI: 10.1902/jop.1997.68.9.842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
High titers of serum IgG2 reactive with Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans are present in early-onset periodontitis (EOP) patients and it appears that anti-A. actinomycetemcomitans may be protective. Smoking is associated with increased periodontal disease severity in generalized early-onset periodontitis (G-EOP) patients, but is not associated with periodontal disease severity in patients with localized juvenile periodontitis (LJP). Furthermore, smoking is associated with reduced serum IgG2 levels in black patients with G-EOP but not in those with LJP. Based on this selective effect of smoking, we hypothesized that smoking would be associated with a reduction of specific IgG2 reactive with A. actinomycetemcomitans in black G-EOP patients but not black LJP patients. In addition, we examined IgG2 responses to carbohydrate antigens from non-periodontal pathogens including Haemophilus influenzae b oligosaccharide antigen (Hib) and the Streptococcus pneumoniae antigen phosphocholine (PC). Smoking status was assessed from serum cotinine levels, and IgG2 specific for A. actinomycetemcomitans, Hib, and PC was assessed by ELISA. Our study revealed that smoking was correlated with a dramatic reduction in serum IgG2 anti-A. actinomycetemcomitans in G-EOP smokers but not in LJP smokers. In contrast, anti-Hib IgG2 and anti-PC IgG2 were not affected in either G-EOP or LJP patients. In short, these results indicate that smoking is associated with a reduction in serum IgG2 anti-A. actinomycetemcomitans in black G-EOP subjects, but IgG2 reactive with other antigens may not be reduced in G-EOP smokers.
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Zhang JB. [Evaluation of the quality of clinical practice for student nurses]. ZHONGHUA HU LI ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF NURSING 1997; 32:466-8. [PMID: 9495973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Barbour SE, Nakashima K, Zhang JB, Tangada S, Hahn CL, Schenkein HA, Tew JG. Tobacco and smoking: environmental factors that modify the host response (immune system) and have an impact on periodontal health. CRITICAL REVIEWS IN ORAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE : AN OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF ORAL BIOLOGISTS 1997; 8:437-60. [PMID: 9391754 DOI: 10.1177/10454411970080040501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 175] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
This review summarizes the current data on the effects of smoking and tobacco on the immune system and its potential impact on periodontal health. Smokers are 2.5-6 times more likely to develop periodontal disease than non-smokers, and there is evidence for a direct correlation between the number of cigarettes smoked and the risk of developing disease. Tobacco users also tend to exhibit increased severity of periodontal disease. Direct correlations between tobacco use and increased attachment loss and pocket depth and reduced bone crest height have been reported. Although the correlation between tobacco use and periodontal disease is quite strong, the role of tobacco in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease is uncertain. Recent studies indicate that one potential mechanism is that tobacco use exacerbates periodontal disease because it alters the immune response to periodontal pathogens. Indeed, smokers exhibit increased numbers of peripheral blood mononuclear phagocytes which appear to be functionally compromised. Inadequate phagocyte activity could reduce the clearance of pathogens from the oral cavity and thereby facilitate the development of periodontal disease. Tobacco-exposed B- and T-lymphocytes exhibit reduced proliferative capacities which could limit the production of protective immunoglobulins against oral pathogens. The risk factors for periodontal disease can be broadly classified as genetic, environmental, host-response factors, and host-related factors such as age. Tobacco, an environmental factor, undermines the host response and may facilitate the development and progression of periodontal disease. This review highlights the inter-relatedness of two of the risk factors associated with periodontal disease.
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Quinn SM, Zhang JB, Gunsolley JC, Schenkein JG, Schenkein HA, Tew JG. Influence of smoking and race on immunoglobulin G subclass concentrations in early-onset periodontitis patients. Infect Immun 1996; 64:2500-5. [PMID: 8698472 PMCID: PMC174103 DOI: 10.1128/iai.64.7.2500-2505.1996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent data indicate that smoking is an important risk factor for the development of periodontitis. Smoking is also known to reduce serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) levels. Interestingly, patients with the localized form of early-onset periodontitis (LJP) have elevated levels of serum IgG2, and those who smoke are not clinically different from nonsmoking LJ subjects. In contrast, patients with the generalized form of early-onset periodontitis (G-EOP) who smoke have more extensive destruction than their nonsmoking counterparts. Given the effects of smoking on EOP and the association of IgG2 with less severe disease, we hypothesized that smoking might reduce serum IgG2 and that this might be most apparent in G-EOP. We therefore examined the effects of smoking on serum IgG subclass concentrations in race-matched groups: LJP, G-EOP, and age-matched periodontally healthy controls (NPs). Smoking status was established from serum cotinine levels, and serum IgG subclass concentrations were determined by using radial immunodiffusion. The data indicated that the effects of smoking were remarkably selective with respect to both IgG subclass and race. Smoking did not appear to have any effect on the concentration of IgG1 or IgG3 in either black or white subjects. In contrast, smoking was associated with depressed serum IgG2 concentrations in both white NP and G-EOP subgroups. Serum IgG2 levels in black subjects did not appear to be depressed by smoking, with the single striking exception of the black G-EOP subgroup which also had depressed serum IgG4 levels. The results here confirm that smoking has effects on serum immunoglobulin levels, but the effects were both race and serum IgG subclass specific. Furthermore, the periodontal diagnosis of EOP subjects appeared to be important, as indicated by the fact that IgG2 and IgG4 levels were reduced in smoking black G-EOP subjects whereas the IgG2 and IgG4 levels in black LJP and NP subjects were not reduced by smoking.
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Zhang JB, Quinn SM, Rausch M, Gunsolley JC, Schenkein HA, Tew JG. Hyper-immunoglobulin G2 production by B cells from patients with localized juvenile periodontitis and its regulation by monocytes. Infect Immun 1996; 64:2004-9. [PMID: 8675300 PMCID: PMC174029 DOI: 10.1128/iai.64.6.2004-2009.1996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Localized juvenile periodontitis (LJP) runs in families, and a predisposition to develop disease appears to be inherited in an autosomal dominant fashion. Patients with LJP have elevated levels of serum immunoglobulin G2 (IgG2), and this is most striking in black LJP patients. We hypothesized that the markedly elevated serum IgG2 levels related to LJP status and race may be attributable to a fundamental difference in the response of black LJP leukocytes. To test this possibility, leukocytes from black LJP patients, black non-periodontitis (NP) controls, and white NP controls were cultured with a nonspecific mitogen (pokeweed mitogen) which stimulates immunoglobulin production. The levels of IgG2 produced were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The results revealed that the serum IgG2 level differences among black LJP patients and white and black NP subjects were reproducible in peripheral blood leukocytes in vitro. Analysis revealed that B cells from the LJP patients appeared to be predisposed to produce high levels of IgG2. Further analysis supported the concept that the high IgG2 responses of B cells from black LJP patients were regulated by monocytes. Replacing the monocytes in cultures from white NP subjects with LJP monocytes from black patients resulted in production of IgG2 at levels that were comparable with those produced by the LJP B cells from black patients. In short, B cells from black LJP patients produce elevated levels of IgG2 in vitro, and at least part of this elevation appears to be attributable to regulation via the LJP monocytes.
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Zhang JB, Fan JJ, Yang J. [Hemodilution and its application]. SHENG LI KE XUE JIN ZHAN [PROGRESS IN PHYSIOLOGY] 1995; 26:80-2. [PMID: 7604232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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Goto S, Uchida T, Lee CK, Yasutake T, Zhang JB. Effect of various vehicles on ketoprofen permeation across excised hairless mouse skin. J Pharm Sci 1993; 82:959-63. [PMID: 8229697 DOI: 10.1002/jps.2600820918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The effects of glycerides, short-chain alcohols, and their binary vehicles as donor components on the permeation of ketoprofen (KP) across the excised hairless mouse skin were evaluated with the modified LOVEDAY-type diffusion cell. Among single vehicles, Panasate 800 as tricaprylin appeared to be the most favorable lipophilic vehicle, with no toxicity and with a short lag time (0.9 h), and methanol (MeOH) or ethanol (EtOH) as hydrophilic single vehicles showed the highest KP permeation flux (244.1 and 134.1 micrograms/cm2/h, respectively). Furthermore, KP permeation was enhanced remarkably by the combination of EtOH and Panasate 800 compared with each single vehicle as reflected in the decreased lag time and increased flux. The greatest enhancement was observed in the EtOH/Panasate 800 (40/60) binary vehicle (permeation ratio at 24 h, 40.0%; steady-state flux, 314.0 micrograms/cm2/h; lag time, 3.7 h). Further investigations involving stripping studies and KP accumulation within the skin were performed to explain the mechanism of enhancement caused by the above binary vehicle. It was suggested that the mutual enhancement effect of EtOH/Panasate 800 (40/60) binary vehicle is due to decreasing the barrier ability of the stratum corneum by EtOH and the viable skin by Panasate 800.
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172
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Xiao DM, Wang XL, Zhang JB, Chen HC. Effects of gossypol on phorbol ester-calcimycin-induced prostaglandin synthesis by macrophages. Chin Med J (Engl) 1991; 104:321-5. [PMID: 2065551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Arachidonic acid metabolism via cyclooxygenase pathway in mouse resident peritoneal macrophages were stimulated by phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA), calcimycin and exogenous arachidonic acid, respectively. Racemic, (-) and (+)-gossypol dose-dependently inhibited PMA or calcimycin-induced synthesis of prostacyclin, thromboxane A2 and prostaglandin F2 alpha, but failed to affect arachidonic acid-induced synthesis of prostaglandin. It is suggested that both (-)-gossypol and (+)-gossypol inhibit synthesis of prostaglandin at the level of arachidonic acid release, and the inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis by gossypol might not be the main mode of its antifertility action.
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173
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Liu SQ, Zhang YQ, Zhang JB, Gao GE, Gu XQ. [Simultaneous determination of fluorouracilum and ethylparaben in polyphase liposomes using Kalman filtering spectrophotometry]. YAO XUE XUE BAO = ACTA PHARMACEUTICA SINICA 1988; 23:435-40. [PMID: 3213529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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174
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Wang ZQ, Chen KQ, Zhang JB, Shen Y, Zhang SF, Zhang QY, Zhang LY, Yuan J, Xue SP. [Nucleic acid hybridization analysis of the regulatory effect of the cytoplasmic factor on the malignancy of myeloma cells. II. Expression of the myc oncogene in homo- and hetero-cellular hybridization]. ZHONGGUO YI XUE KE XUE YUAN XUE BAO. ACTA ACADEMIAE MEDICINAE SINICAE 1987; 9:418-23. [PMID: 2966004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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175
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Xu Y, Hu X, Zhang JB, Liu YH, Zhang QY, Yuan J, Xue SP. [PAGE electrophoresis of hemoglobin from reticulocytes of myeloma cell hybrids]. ZHONGGUO YI XUE KE XUE YUAN XUE BAO. ACTA ACADEMIAE MEDICINAE SINICAE 1987; 9:346-50. [PMID: 2968858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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176
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Wang ZQ, Zhang JB, Chen KQ, Zhang SF, Shen Y, Zhang LY, Yuan J, Xue SP. [Nucleic acid hybridization analysis of the regulatory effect of a cytoplasmic factor on the malignancy of myeloma cells. I. Beta-globin gene expression]. ZHONGGUO YI XUE KE XUE YUAN XUE BAO. ACTA ACADEMIAE MEDICINAE SINICAE 1987; 9:339-45. [PMID: 2968857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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177
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Liu Y, Zhang JB, Zou YH, Yuan J. [Ultrastructure of hypoxic HeLa cells]. ZHONGGUO YI XUE KE XUE YUAN XUE BAO. ACTA ACADEMIAE MEDICINAE SINICAE 1987; 9:287-9, 13-6. [PMID: 2964934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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178
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Zhang JB, Qin ZK. Undetermined-constant method in the boson Green's-function theory. PHYSICAL REVIEW. A, GENERAL PHYSICS 1987; 36:915-919. [PMID: 9898937 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.36.915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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179
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Zhang JF, Zhang JB, Yuan J. [Experimental studies on the cytotoxic effect of gossypol in mice, rats and human tumor cell lines and its possible mechanism]. ZHONGGUO YI XUE KE XUE YUAN XUE BAO. ACTA ACADEMIAE MEDICINAE SINICAE 1986; 8:486-9. [PMID: 2954681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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180
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Xue SP, Zhang JB, Yuan J, Xu Y, Cai YY, Wang ZQ, Liu YH, Li LJ, Hu X. [Studies on the regulatory effect of rabbit reticulocyte cytoplasmic factors on the malignancy of mouse myeloma cells]. ZHONGGUO YI XUE KE XUE YUAN XUE BAO. ACTA ACADEMIAE MEDICINAE SINICAE 1986; 8:339-46. [PMID: 2952304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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181
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Xu Y, Tian JS, Liu YH, Zhang JB, Hu X, Huang AM, Xue SP. [Detection of HGPRT gene products before and after hybridization of reticulocytes with myeloma cells]. ZHONGGUO YI XUE KE XUE YUAN XUE BAO. ACTA ACADEMIAE MEDICINAE SINICAE 1986; 8:199-203. [PMID: 2946458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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182
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Zhang JB, Zhang SF, Yuan J, Xu KM. [Comparison of the action of racemic (+/-) and optically active (-and+) gossypols on HeLa cells]. ZHONGGUO YI XUE KE XUE YUAN XUE BAO. ACTA ACADEMIAE MEDICINAE SINICAE 1985; 7:384-7. [PMID: 2938762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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183
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Zhang SF, Zhang JB, Yuan J. [Synergic effects of gossypol acetate and sulphadiazine on the LDH-x activity and viability of human sperm]. ZHONGGUO YI XUE KE XUE YUAN XUE BAO. ACTA ACADEMIAE MEDICINAE SINICAE 1985; 7:229-31. [PMID: 2939980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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184
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Zhang JB, Yang YZ, Yuan J, Xue SP. [Observations of in vitro fertilization capacity and the transformation of human sperm nuclei before and after administration of gossypol acetic acid]. SHI YAN SHENG WU XUE BAO 1985; 18:59-65. [PMID: 3834722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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185
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Zhang JB, Cai YY, Lu CH, Liu Y, Xu CL, Yuan J. [Preliminary observation on induction of chromosome aberrations and SCE of human peripheral lymphocytes in vitro with microwave]. ZHONGGUO YI XUE KE XUE YUAN XUE BAO. ACTA ACADEMIAE MEDICINAE SINICAE 1984; 6:147-9. [PMID: 6242367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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Zhang JB, Lu CH, Liu Y, Yuan J, Zou YH. [Preliminary observation on killing effect of microwave on human and murine cancerous or normal cells in vitro]. ZHONGGUO YI XUE KE XUE YUAN XUE BAO. ACTA ACADEMIAE MEDICINAE SINICAE 1984; 6:32-4. [PMID: 6238692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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Qin DX, Zhang JB. [The influence of sequence in combined hyperthermia and radiation on cancer cells in vitro (author's transl)]. ZHONGHUA ZHONG LIU ZA ZHI [CHINESE JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY] 1981; 3:175-6. [PMID: 7338142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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Ge M, Zhang JB, Zhang ZX, Hou FX. [Combined effect of hyperthermia and radiation on esophageal cancer cells and tissues in vitro (author's transl)]. ZHONGHUA ZHONG LIU ZA ZHI [CHINESE JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY] 1980; 2:251-4. [PMID: 7297397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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189
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Zhang JB, Ge M, Zhang ZX. [In vitro study of synergic effect of hyperthermia and camptothecine on esophageal cancer cells (109 cell line) (author's transl)]. ZHONGHUA ZHONG LIU ZA ZHI [CHINESE JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY] 1980; 2:42-4. [PMID: 7439000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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