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Ibidapo-Obe O, Stengel S, Köse-Vogel N, Quickert S, Reuken PA, Busch M, Bauer M, Stallmach A, Bruns T. Mucosal-Associated Invariant T Cells Redistribute to the Peritoneal Cavity During Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis and Contribute to Peritoneal Inflammation. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2020; 9:661-677. [PMID: 31954178 PMCID: PMC7160599 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2020.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Revised: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells are depleted from blood in patients with advanced liver disease and show features of immune dysfunction. Because circulating MAIT cells differ from organ-resident MAIT cells, we aimed to investigate the frequency, phenotype, and function of peritoneal MAIT cells from patients with cirrhosis and spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP). METHODS MAIT cells in blood and ascitic fluid from patients with cirrhosis were characterized using flow cytometry. Healthy individuals and noncirrhotic patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis served as controls. MAIT cell migration was studied in transwell assays. Cytokine release in response to infected ascitic fluid and bacterial products was assessed in vitro. RESULTS Peritoneal CD3+ CD161hi Vα7.2+ T cells had an inflammatory, tissue retention phenotype, expressing the alpha E integrin, the chemokine receptors CCR5 and CXCR3, and the activation marker CD69 at higher levels than their circulating equivalents. Seventy-seven percent bound to MR1 tetramers loaded with the pyrimidine intermediate 5-(2-oxopropylideneamino)-6-d-ribitylaminouracil. The ratio of peritoneal to blood MAIT cell frequency increased from 1.3 in the absence of SBP to 2.6 at diagnosis and decreased by day 3. MAIT cells migrated toward infected ascitic fluid containing CCL5 and CCL20 and released cytokines in an MR1-restricted fashion. Whereas the depleted circulating MAIT cell pool displayed features of immune exhaustion, peritoneal MAIT cells remained competent producers of inflammatory cytokines in response to bacterial products. Peritoneal MAIT activation correlated with systemic inflammation, suggesting a possible link between peritoneal and systemic immunity. CONCLUSIONS Peritoneal MAIT cells phenotypically and functionally differ from circulating MAIT cells in decompensated cirrhosis and redistribute to the peritoneum during SBP.
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Leung K, Ahmed M, Alarcon R, Aleksandrova A, Baeßler S, Barrón-Palos L, Bartoszek L, Beck D, Behzadipour M, Bessuille J, Blatnik M, Broering M, Broussard L, Busch M, Carr R, Chu PH, Cianciolo V, Clayton S, Cooper M, Crawford C, Currie S, Daurer C, Dipert R, Dow K, Dutta D, Efremenko Y, Erickson C, Filippone B, Fomin N, Gao H, Golub R, Gould C, Greene G, Haase D, Hasell D, Hawari A, Hayden M, Holley A, Holt R, Huffman P, Ihloff E, Ito T, Kelsey J, Kim Y, Korobkina E, Korsch W, Lamoreaux S, Leggett E, Lipman A, Liu CY, Long J, MacDonald S, Makela M, Matlashov A, Maxwell J, McCrea M, Mendenhall M, Meyer H, Milner R, Mueller P, Nouri N, O'Shaughnessy C, Osthelder C, Peng JC, Penttila S, Phan N, Plaster B, Ramsey J, Rao T, Redwine R, Reid A, Saftah A, Seidel G, Silvera I, Slutsky S, Smith E, Snow W, Sondheim W, Sosothikul S, Stanislaus T, Sun X, Swank C, Tang Z, Dinani RT, Tsentalovich E, Vidal C, Wei W, White C, Williamson S, Yang L, Yao W, Young A. The neutron electric dipole moment experiment at the Spallation Neutron Source. EPJ WEB OF CONFERENCES 2019. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/201921902005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Novel experimental techniques are required to make the next big leap in neutron electric dipole moment experimental sensitivity, both in terms of statistics and systematic error control. The nEDM experiment at the Spallation Neutron Source (nEDM@SNS) will implement the scheme of Golub & Lamoreaux [Phys. Rep., 237, 1 (1994)]. The unique properties of combining polarized ultracold neutrons, polarized 3He, and superfluid 4He will be exploited to provide a sensitivity to ∼ 10−28 e · cm. Our cryogenic apparatus will deploy two small (3 L) measurement cells with a high density of ultracold neutrons produced and spin analyzed in situ. The electric field strength, precession time, magnetic shielding, and detected UCN number will all be enhanced compared to previous room temperature Ramsey measurements. Our 3He co-magnetometer offers unique control of systematic effects, in particular the Bloch-Siegert induced false EDM. Furthermore, there will be two distinct measurement modes: free precession and dressed spin. This will provide an important self-check of our results. Following five years of “critical component demonstration,” our collaboration transitioned to a “large scale integration” phase in 2018. An overview of our measurement techniques, experimental design, and brief updates are described in these proceedings.
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Murphy E, Van Den Berg K, Vermeulen M, Bakkour S, Busch M. Rapid ART in blood donors with acute and recent HIV clade C infection in South Africa. J Virus Erad 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/s2055-6640(20)30187-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Jacobs J, Tosiano M, Koontz D, Worlock A, Harrington K, Shutt K, Bakkour S, Busch M, Mellors J. Automated high-throughput quantification of persistent HIV-1 plasma viremia in individuals on ART. J Virus Erad 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/s2055-6640(20)30135-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Scully EP, Rutishauser RL, Simoneau CR, Delagrèverie H, Euler Z, Thanh C, Li JZ, Hartig H, Bakkour S, Busch M, Alter G, Marty FM, Wang CC, Deeks SG, Lorch J, Henrich TJ. Inconsistent HIV reservoir dynamics and immune responses following anti-PD-1 therapy in cancer patients with HIV infection. Ann Oncol 2019; 29:2141-2142. [PMID: 30032204 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdy259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Kielstein JT, Heisterkamp M, Jing J, Nadal J, Schmid M, Kronenberg F, Busch M, Sommerer C, Lorenzen JM, Eckardt KU, Köttgen A. Spectrum and dosing of urate-lowering drugs in a large cohort of chronic kidney disease patients and their effect on serum urate levels: a cross-sectional analysis from the German Chronic Kidney Disease study. Clin Kidney J 2019; 14:277-283. [PMID: 33564429 PMCID: PMC7857844 DOI: 10.1093/ckj/sfz136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Despite a plethora of studies on the effect of urate-lowering therapy (ULT) in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), current guidelines on the treatment of hyperuricaemia and gout vary, especially concerning the need for dose adjustment of allopurinol, whose main metabolite is accumulating with declining renal function. Data on allopurinol dosing and its relationship to renal function, co-medication and sex and the resulting urate level in large cohorts are missing. Methods We studied a subgroup of 2378 patients of the German Chronic Kidney Disease (GCKD) study to determine prescription patterns of ULT among CKD patients under nephrological care and the relationship of ULT dose to urate levels. Prescription and dosing of ULT were manually abstracted from the patient’s paper charts at the baseline visit, in which all currently used medications and their dosing were recorded. Results In this cohort, 39.6% were women, the mean estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was 51.3 ± 19.3 mL/min/1.73 m2 and the mean age was 59.0 ± 12.4 years. Of the 2378 examined patients, 666 (28.0%) received ULT. The dose of ULT was available for 572 patients. The main ULT agent was allopurinol (94.4%), followed by febuxostat (2.9%) and benzbromarone (2.6%). Of the 540 patients who used allopurinol with a reported daily dose, 480 had an eGFR <60 mL/min/1.73 m2 and 320 had an eGFR <45 mL/min/1.73 m2, 31.5% of the latter (n = 101) received a dose >150 mg/day, the recommended maximal dose for this level of eGFR. The prescribed dose was not related to eGFR: the median eGFR for patients taking 100, 150 and 300 mg/day was 40 [interquartile range (IQR) 32–49], 43 (34–52) and 42 (35–54) mL/min/1.73 m2, respectively. Patients with lower doses of allopurinol had higher serum urate levels than patients with higher (than recommended) allopurinol doses. Sex, alcohol intake, eGFR, use of diuretics and treatment with allopurinol were independent determinants of serum urate levels in multivariate regression analysis. Conclusions The most frequently used drug to lower serum urate levels in this CKD cohort was allopurinol. Even in patients regularly seen by nephrologists, the dose of allopurinol is often not adjusted to the current eGFR. Patients with higher ULT doses achieved better control of their serum urate levels. Lowering of serum urate in CKD patients requires balancing potential adverse effects of allopurinol with suboptimal control of serum urate levels.
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Laffer B, Bauer D, Wasmuth S, Busch M, Jalilvand TV, Thanos S, Meyer Zu Hörste G, Loser K, Langmann T, Heiligenhaus A, Kasper M. Loss of IL-10 Promotes Differentiation of Microglia to a M1 Phenotype. Front Cell Neurosci 2019; 13:430. [PMID: 31649508 PMCID: PMC6794388 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2019.00430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Microglia represent the primary resident immune cells of the central nervous system (CNS) and modulate local immune responses. Depending on their physiological functions, microglia can be classified into pro- (M1) and anti-inflammatory (M2) phenotype. Interleukin (IL)-10 is an important modulator of neuronal homeostasis, with anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective functions, and can be released by microglia. Here, we investigated how IL-10 deficiency affected the M1/2 polarization of primary microglia upon lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation in vitro. Microglia phenotypes were analyzed via flow cytometry. Cytokine and chemokine secretion were examined by ELISA and bead-based multiplex LEGENDplexTM. Our results showed that genetic depletion of IL-10 led to elevated M1 like phenotype (CD86+ CD206−) under pro-inflammatory conditions associated with increased frequency of IL-6+, TNF-α+ cells and enhanced release of several pro-inflammatory chemokines. Absence of IL-10 led to an attenuated M2 like phenotype (CD86− CD206+) and a reduced secretion of TGF-β1 upon LPS stimulation. In conclusion, IL-10 deficiency may promote the polarization of microglia into M1-prone phenotype under pro-inflammatory conditions.
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Jebessa ZH, Zhao J, Schneider A, Busch M, Katus HA, Most P. P5377A SUMO1-SIM motif within the C-terminal alpha-helical domain of S100A1 prevents its proteasomal degradation in cardiomyocytes. Eur Heart J 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz746.0338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
S100A1, a EF-hand calcium (Ca2+) sensor protein, predominantly expressed in cardiomyocytes, improves contractile performance and energy metabolism targeting activity of downstream key factors such as SERCA2a and F1ATPase. Vice versa, decreased cardiac S100A1 expression in heart failure thereby accelerates the progression to contractile and energetic failure. Although previous studies showed that transcriptional inhibition may contribute to the loss of S100A1 expression, little is known with respect to its post-translational stability in cardiomyocytes. As such, advanced understanding of the molecular mechanisms that may regulate S100A1 degradation may be of interest to target its stability in the failing heart.
In search of protein stabilizing motifs, we identified a Small Ubiquitin-related Modifier1 (SUMO1) interaction motif (SIM) in the S100A1 C-terminal domain extending from AA 69–87 as well as multiple ubiquitylatable Lysin-residues within the N-terminal domain by an in silico structural analysis. Given the role of the C-terminal domain of S100A1 in accommodating target binding and activity modulation, we hypothesized that these residues may convey a dual function and also contribute to S100A1 protein stability. To answer this question, we generated different Myc-tagged and non-tagged C-terminal deletion mutants (Myc-S100a1ΔCTs/S100a1ΔCTs) within the SIM motif encompassing AA 1–74 and AA 1–83 besides the full length AA 1–94 (S100A1 -FL). Constructs packaged into bicistronic recombinant Adenovirus Serotype 5 also contained GFP to control for sufficient transduction. Ad5-mediated gene delivery of S100a1-Fl to cell culture resulted in robust S100A1-FL protein expression. In contrast, delivery of the truncated S100a1 mutants did not yield detectable S100A1ΔCT protein variants, whereas the presence of mRNA from all S100a1ΔCT variants by PCR excluded transcriptional inhibition or blockade as a potential cause for the failure to detect S100A1ΔCT protein variants. When a proteasomal inhibitor (MG-132) was then used, S100A1ΔCT variants were detected at protein level in tested models indicating that proteasomal degradation may target SIM deleted S100A1 ΔCT variants. This notion was corroborated by unchanged expression levels of FL-S100A1 as well as deletion C-terminal mutants containing the entire SIM motif. Our novel results indicate that the C-terminal domain of S100A1 may contain a SIM motif which shields S100A1 protein against proteasomal degradation. SUMOylation analysis as well as site-directed mutagenesis of the motif is subsequently required to determine conditions where S100A1 SUMOylation may be decreased (i.e. heart failure) and which specific AA residues may convey this action. Overall, the S100A1 C-terminus may play a role in target recognition as well as in the regulation of S100A1's protein stability. In vivo studies will be required to provide the ultimate proof for this novel hypothesis.
Acknowledgement/Funding
DZHK
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Masiello A, Annino C, Busch M, Ceracchi A, Corniani G, Faso D, Forest V, Geli F, Graceffa J, Grenier J, Lievin C, Marcuzzi D, Moreno J, Pavei M, Rizzetto D, Szcepaniak B, Zaccaria P. The fabrication and assembly of the beam source for the SPIDER experiment. FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2019.01.094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Busch M, Wefelmeyer KL, Walscheid K, Rothaus K, Bauer D, Deeg CA, Degroote RL, Ackermann D, König S, Thanos S, Kasper M, Heiligenhaus A. Identification of Ocular Autoantigens Associated With Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis-Associated Uveitis. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1793. [PMID: 31447836 PMCID: PMC6691058 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of the current study was to analyze the binding patterns of serum autoantibodies from juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) and JIA-associated uveitis (JIAU) patients to proteomes from different ocular tissues and to identify potential ocular autoantigens in JIAU. Proteomes from porcine iris, ciliary body, or retina tissue were isolated, separated using 2D-gel electrophoresis, and transferred to a blotting membrane. The binding pattern of serum antibodies from JIA or JIAU patients or healthy controls to ocular proteins was visualized by using anti-human IgG secondary antibodies and chemiluminescence reaction. Selected protein spots were excised from silver-stained 2D gels and subjected to mass spectrometry. Serum antibodies binding to ocular proteins were detected in all patient groups and healthy controls. Irrespective of the patient groups, serum antibodies bound to 49 different protein spots of the retina proteome, to 53 of the ciliary body proteome, and to 44 of the iris proteome. The relative binding frequency of sera to these iris protein spots was significantly higher in JIAU than in JIA patients or healthy controls. Particularly in JIAU patients, cluster analyses indicated a broad range of serum antibodies directed against ocular antigens, mostly in the iris proteome. Iris proteins frequently bound by serum antibodies in all groups were identified as tubulin beta chain, vimentin, ATP synthase subunit beta, actin, and L-lactate dehydrogenase B chain. Iris proteins exclusively bound by JIAU serum antibodies were heat shock cognate 71 kDa protein and keratin. Although serum autoantibody binding to ocular antigens was not disease-specific, a significant diversity of autoantibodies against a broad range of antigens, particularly from the iris tissue, was detected in JIAU patients. As the iris is a major site of inflammation in JIAU, the present data give further evidence that autoantibodies may be involved in JIAU immunopathology.
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Abdalla F, Schneider A, A.Katus H, Busch M, Most P. Abstract 270: Loss of S100A1 Protein Negatively Impacts Glucose Metabolism and Energy Homeostasis in Cardiomyocytes. Circ Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1161/res.125.suppl_1.270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Introduction:
As a true metabolic omnivore, the heart is able to utilize different substrates for energy production. In the hypertrophied and early failing state, cardiac muscle leans towards glucose as a major carbon substrate to meet its energetic demand. Given that S100A1 gene therapy reverses the compromised energetic balance of the failing heart, we were interested in determining the specific role of the EF-hand calcium sensor S1001A1 in cardiomyocyte energy metabolism.
Methods and results:
To study metabolic changes in response to different carbon substrates, we used neonatal rat ventricular cardiomyocytes (NRVMs), which were subjected to electrical stimulation (2Hz) in culture and adenoviral-mediated anti-S100A1 shRNA silencing or scr-shRNA, and either fed with glucose, oleate or lactate only for 24hrs. Of note, lack of S100A1 expression only impaired energy metabolism of cardiomyocytes in response to glucose as reflected by a significantly decreased ATP content and subsequently enhanced AMP/ATP and p-AMPK/AMPK ratios with consecutive elevated p-ACC/ACC and Glut4 protein levels. In contrast, energy metabolism appeared to remain normal in response to oleate in S100A1-deprived cells. Targeted metabolomics yielded a tremendous decrease in glucose-6-phosphate levels as the first key step in glucose metabolism despite enhanced AMPK activation in glucose-fed S100A1-defiecient cardiomyocytes.
Conclusion:
Our novel in vitro data indicate that S100A1 protein may be crucial for cardiomyocytes to meet their energetic demand when glucose is the major substrate. Since the latter becomes the preferred substrate for functionally compromised heart over fatty acids, lack of S100A1 expression - as a result of fetal gene reprogramming - most likely impairs the ability of the heart to sufficiently utilize glucose to meet its energetic demand. These data shed new mechanistic light on the sustained therapeutic efficacy of S100A1 gene therapy of heart failure where S100A1 may be a key factor enabling the heart to sufficiently use glucose to reverse its compromised energetic state. Further studies answering these pressing questions are underway for an informed design of a best-case patient enrollment scenario for a first-in-men clinical study.
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Böttger S, Bondeva T, Rohm I, Färber G, Doenst T, Wolf G, Busch M. SP401DENDRITIC CELLS AND MICROCALCIFICATION IN THE ARTERIAL WALL IN RELATION TO DENDRITIC CELL PRECURSORS IN THE BLOOD OF PATIENTS WITH AND WITHOUT CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfz103.sp401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Schmidt IM, Hübner S, Nadal J, Titze S, Schmid M, Bärthlein B, Schlieper G, Dienemann T, Schultheiss UT, Meiselbach H, Köttgen A, Flöge J, Busch M, Kreutz R, Kielstein JT, Eckardt KU. Patterns of medication use and the burden of polypharmacy in patients with chronic kidney disease: the German Chronic Kidney Disease study. Clin Kidney J 2019; 12:663-672. [PMID: 31584562 PMCID: PMC6768303 DOI: 10.1093/ckj/sfz046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) bear a substantial burden of comorbidities leading to the prescription of multiple drugs and a risk of polypharmacy. However, data on medication use in this population are scarce. Methods A total of 5217 adults with an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) between 30 and 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 or an eGFR ≥60 mL/min/1.73m2 and overt proteinuria (>500 mg/day) were studied. Self-reported data on current medication use were assessed at baseline (2010-12) and after 4 years of follow-up (FU). Prevalence and risk factors associated with polypharmacy (defined as the regular use of five or more drugs per day) as well as initiation or termination of polypharmacy were evaluated using multivariable logistic regression. Results The prevalence of polypharmacy at baseline and FU was almost 80%, ranging from 62% in patients with CKD Stage G1 to 86% in those with CKD Stage G3b. The median number of different medications taken per day was eight (range 0-27). β-blockers, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and statins were most frequently used. Increasing CKD G stage, age and body mass index, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease and a history of smoking were significantly associated with both the prevalence of polypharmacy and its maintenance during FU. Diabetes mellitus was also significantly associated with the initiation of polypharmacy [odds ratio (OR) 2.46, (95% confidence interval 1.36-4.45); P = 0.003]. Conclusion Medication burden in CKD patients is high. Further research appears warranted to address the implications of polypharmacy, risks of drug interactions and strategies for risk reduction in this vulnerable patient population.
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Alvis S, Arnquist I, Avignone F, Barabash A, Barton C, Basu V, Bertrand F, Bos B, Brudanin V, Busch M, Buuck M, Caldwell T, Chan YD, Christofferson C, Chu PH, Cuesta C, Detwiler J, Efremenko Y, Ejiri H, Elliott S, Gilliss T, Giovanetti G, Green M, Gruszko J, Guinn I, Guiseppe V, Haufe C, Hegedus R, Hehn L, Henning R, Hervas Aguilar D, Hoppe E, Howe M, Keeter K, Kidd M, Konovalov S, Kouzes R, Lopez A, Martin R, Massarczyk R, Meijer S, Mertens S, Myslik J, Othman G, Pettus W, Piliounis A, Poon A, Radford D, Rager J, Reine A, Rielage K, Ruof N, Shanks B, Shirchenko M, Tedeschi D, Varner R, Vasilyev S, White B, Wilkerson J, Wiseman C, Xu W, Yakushev E, Yu CH, Yumatov V, Zhitnikov I, Zhu B. Search for trinucleon decay in the Majorana Demonstrator. Int J Clin Exp Med 2019. [DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.99.072004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Kmietczyk V, Riechert E, Kalinski L, Boileau E, Malovrh E, Malone B, Gorska A, Hofmann C, Varma E, Jürgensen L, Kamuf-Schenk V, Altmüller J, Tappu R, Busch M, Most P, Katus HA, Dieterich C, Völkers M. m 6A-mRNA methylation regulates cardiac gene expression and cellular growth. Life Sci Alliance 2019; 2:e201800233. [PMID: 30967445 PMCID: PMC6458851 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.201800233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Revised: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Conceptually similar to modifications of DNA, mRNAs undergo chemical modifications, which can affect their activity, localization, and stability. The most prevalent internal modification in mRNA is the methylation of adenosine at the N6-position (m6A). This returns mRNA to a role as a central hub of information within the cell, serving as an information carrier, modifier, and attenuator for many biological processes. Still, the precise role of internal mRNA modifications such as m6A in human and murine-dilated cardiac tissue remains unknown. Transcriptome-wide mapping of m6A in mRNA allowed us to catalog m6A targets in human and murine hearts. Increased m6A methylation was found in human cardiomyopathy. Knockdown and overexpression of the m6A writer enzyme Mettl3 affected cell size and cellular remodeling both in vitro and in vivo. Our data suggest that mRNA methylation is highly dynamic in cardiomyocytes undergoing stress and that changes in the mRNA methylome regulate translational efficiency by affecting transcript stability. Once elucidated, manipulations of methylation of specific m6A sites could be a powerful approach to prevent worsening of cardiac function.
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Wildschütz L, Ackermann D, Witten A, Kasper M, Busch M, Glander S, Melkonyan H, Walscheid K, Tappeiner C, Thanos S, Barysenka A, Koch J, Heinz C, Laffer B, Bauer D, Stoll M, König S, Heiligenhaus A. Transcriptomic and proteomic analysis of iris tissue and aqueous humor in juvenile idiopathic arthritis-associated uveitis. J Autoimmun 2019; 100:75-83. [PMID: 30885419 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2019.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Revised: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Gene and protein expression profiles of iris biopsies, aqueous humor (AqH), and sera in patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis-associated uveitis (JIAU) in comparison to control patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and HLA-B27-positive acute anterior uveitis (AAU) were investigated. Via RNA Sequencing (RNA-Seq) and mass spectrometry-based protein expression analyses 136 genes and 56 proteins could be identified as being significantly differentially expressed (DE) between the JIAU and POAG group. Gene expression of different immunoglobulin (Ig) components as well as of the B cell-associated factors ID3, ID1, and EBF1 was significantly upregulated in the JIAU group as compared to POAG patients. qRT-PCR analysis showed a significantly higher gene expression of the B cell-related genes CD19, CD20, CD27, CD138, and MZB1 in the JIAU group. At the protein level, a significantly higher expression of Ig components in JIAU than in POAG was confirmed. The B cell-associated protein MZB1 showed a higher expression in JIAU patients than in POAG which was confirmed by western blot analysis. Using bead-based immunoassay analysis we were able to detect a significantly higher concentration of the B cell-activating and survival factors BAFF, APRIL, and IL-6 in the AqH of JIAU and AAU patients than in POAG patients. The intraocularly upregulated B cell-specific genes and proteins in iris tissue suggest that B cells participate in the immunopathology of JIAU. The intracameral environment in JIAU may facilitate local effector and survival functions of B cells, leading to disease course typical for anterior uveitis.
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Brix SR, Noriega M, Tennstedt P, Vettorazzi E, Busch M, Nitschke M, Jabs WJ, Özcan F, Wendt R, Hausberg M, Sellin L, Panzer U, Huber TB, Waldherr R, Hopfer H, Stahl RA, Wiech T. Development and validation of a renal risk score in ANCA-associated glomerulonephritis. Kidney Int 2018; 94:1177-1188. [DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2018.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2018] [Revised: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Busch M, Stramer S. In Memoriam: Kenji Tadokoro, MD, PhD: 1947 - 2018. Vox Sang 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/vox.12733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Reindl J, Gröne HJ, Wolf G, Busch M. Uromodulin-related autosomal-dominant tubulointerstitial kidney disease-pathogenetic insights based on a case. Clin Kidney J 2018; 12:172-179. [PMID: 30976393 PMCID: PMC6452205 DOI: 10.1093/ckj/sfy094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Uromodulin-related autosomal-dominant tubulointerstitial kidney disease (ADTKD-UMOD) is a rare monogenic disorder that is characterized by tubulointerstitial fibrosis and progression of kidney function loss, and may progress to end-stage renal disease. It is usually accompanied by hyperuricaemia and gout. Mutations in the uromodulin gene (UMOD) resulting in malfunctioning of UMOD are known to be the cause of ADTKD-UMOD, which is assumed to be an endoplasmatic reticulum (ER) storage disease. As a case vignette, we report a 29-year-old female with a suspicious family history of chronic kidney disease presenting with progressive loss of renal function, hyperuricaemia and frequent urinary tract infections. Urinary tract infections and pyelonephritides may represent a clinical feature of uromodulin malfunction as it plays a protective role against urinary tract infections despite only sporadic data on this topic. ADTKD-UMOD was diagnosed after genetic testing revealing a missense mutation in the UMOD gene. Light microscopy showed excessive tubular interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy together with signs of glomerular sclerosis. Electron microscopic findings could identify electron dense storage deposits in the ER of tubular epithelial cells of the thick ascending loop. Immunohistological staining with KDEL (lysine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, leucine) showed positivity in the tubular cells, which likely represents ER expansion upon accumulation of misfolded UMOD which could trigger the unfolded protein response and ER stress. This review highlights pathophysiological mechanisms that are subject to ADTKD-UMOD.
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95
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Jong M, Boers I, Tissing WJE, Naafs MC, Busch M. An evidence-based decision aid on complementary medicine for parents of children with cancer. Eur J Public Health 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/cky214.251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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96
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Schneider MP, Hilgers KF, Schmid M, Hübner S, Nadal J, Seitz D, Busch M, Haller H, Köttgen A, Kronenberg F, Baid-Agrawal S, Schlieper G, Schultheiss U, Sitter T, Sommerer C, Titze S, Meiselbach H, Wanner C, Eckardt KU. Correction: Blood pressure control in chronic kidney disease: A cross-sectional analysis from the German Chronic Kidney Disease (GCKD) study. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0204340. [PMID: 30212585 PMCID: PMC6136822 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0204340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0202604.].
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97
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Schneider MP, Hilgers KF, Schmid M, Hübner S, Nadal J, Seitz D, Busch M, Haller H, Köttgen A, Kronenberg F, Baid-Agrawal S, Schlieper G, Schultheiss U, Sitter T, Sommerer C, Titze S, Meiselbach H, Wanner C, Eckardt KU. Blood pressure control in chronic kidney disease: A cross-sectional analysis from the German Chronic Kidney Disease (GCKD) study. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0202604. [PMID: 30125326 PMCID: PMC6101389 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0202604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2018] [Accepted: 08/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
We assessed the prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of hypertension in patients with moderate chronic kidney disease (CKD) under nephrological care in Germany. In the German Chronic Kidney Disease (GCKD) study, 5217 patients under nephrology specialist care were enrolled from 2010 to 2012 in a prospective observational cohort study. Inclusion criteria were an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of 30-60 mL/min/1.73 m2 or overt proteinuria in the presence of an eGFR>60 mL/min/1.73 m2. Office blood pressure was measured by trained study personnel in a standardized way and hypertension awareness and medication were assessed during standardized interviews. Blood pressure was considered as controlled if systolic < 140 and diastolic < 90 mmHg. In 5183 patients in whom measurements were available, mean blood pressure was 139.5 ± 20.4 / 79.3 ± 11.8 mmHg; 4985 (96.2%) of the patients were hypertensive. Awareness and treatment rates were > 90%. However, only 2456 (49.3%) of the hypertensive patients had controlled blood pressure. About half (51.0%) of the patients with uncontrolled blood pressure met criteria for resistant hypertension. Factors associated with better odds for controlled blood pressure in multivariate analyses included younger age, female sex, higher income, low or absent proteinuria, and use of certain classes of antihypertensive medication. We conclude that blood pressure control of CKD patients remains challenging even in the setting of nephrology specialist care, despite high rates of awareness and medication use.
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98
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Jebessa ZH, Zhao J, Schneider A, Busch M, Katus HA, Most P. Abstract 445: Essential Role of the S100A1-C-terminus Domain in Maintaining Cardiac-inotrope S100A1 Protein Stability. Circ Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1161/res.123.suppl_1.445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Introduction:
S100A1 is a type of S100 protein with two EF-hand motif. It has a unique characteristic of interacting with multiple proteins of contractile machinery & mitochondria. S100A1 protein able to govern proper systolic & diastolic performance of cardiomyocyte interacting, respectively, with SERCA2A & RYR2. S100A1 level decreases dramatically as a consequence of cellular cues such as oxidative-stress or activation of cellular proteasomes. Selective reconstitution of reduced S100A1 level by AAV9-gene transfer rescued failing heart. Because of the unique ability of S100A1 to interact with myriads of proteins with multiple function, we aimed to dissect the structure-function relationship of the domains of S100A1.
Methods & results:
The C-terminus domain of S100A1 (S100A1ct) equally recapitulated the inotropic & other benefits of the S100A1-FL in experimental model of heart failure & identified as the bioactive lead domain of S100A1. To elucidate the function of the S100A1 without the C-terminus, here after, referred as S100A1ΔCT, we adenoviraly expressed S100A1ΔCT, & as a control, either expressing GFP or S100A1-FL. We, inadvertently, discovered that S100A1ΔCT could not be detected at protein level. PCR analysis & sequencing proved the presence S100A1ΔCT mRNA transcript. Bioinformatics revealed the presence of SUMO interaction motif (SIM) with in the C-terminus & multiple ubiquitination residues on S100A1ΔCT, suggesting the SIM domain of the S100A1 is crucial for stability. Inhibition of cellular proteasome lead to the detection of the S100A1ΔCT protein in cells over expressing S100A1ΔCT. We overexpressed S100a1ΔCT, deletion mutants having part of the SIM motif (S100a1-SIM
-
), the entire motif (S100a1-SIM
+
) & the S100a1-FL. Whereas the overexpression of S100A1-SIM
+
& S100A1-FL were detected, S100A1ΔCT & S100A1-SIM
-
could not be detected at protein level.
Conclusion:
The C-terminus of S100A1 is essential for stability of S100A1, besides, its potent inotropic function. Taken together, we deciphered the previously unrecognized posttranslational modification governed S100A1 regulation, thus providing new insight into the development of novel therapeutic strategies for heart failure via posttranslational manipulation of S100A1.
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99
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Egger M, Jebessa Z, Wade R, Katus HA, Busch M, Most P. Abstract 582: Determining and Modeling of the Cardiac Protein-Protein Interaction Network of the Inotropic Factor S100A1 by AP-MS/MS. Circ Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1161/res.123.suppl_1.582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background:
S100A1 is an EF-hand calcium (Ca
2+
) sensor protein with predominant expression in the mammalian heart. Although its outstanding influence on cardiac performance is well described, only few target molecules are known so far, such as the sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca
2+
ATPase (SERCA2a).
Objective and Results:
The discrepancy between the known interactors and the diversity of S100A1`s functions brings up the question which key targets are undetected so far and can, in addition to the known ones, explain the importance of S100A1 for the heart function. S100A1 knock-out (SKO
-/-
) mouse heart extracts and lysates of isolated SKO
-/-
cardiomyocytes were subjected to HPLC S100A1 affinity-purification (AP) columns coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (MS) followed by network modeling of the interactome, to identify novel and to confirm previously known targets in the heart. Human recombinant S100A1 protein AP columns were used to trap EGTA- and Ca
2+
-dependent interactions. Subsequent MS and computational analyses revealed more than 90 novel cardiac interactors for S100A1 in a strict Ca
2+
-dependent manner, while previously known targets were confirmed.
We showed that helix 4 of S100A1 (S100A1ct) alone can improve main parameters for the heart performance and might thereby function as a therapeutic biologic. Investigating the molecular mechanisms of S100A1`s interactions with its target molecules might help to understand this effect and unveil relevant regions for other therapeutic effects. In order to uncover the mechanisms of the various interactions, docking experiments were performed to gain an understanding, which areas of S100A1 and S100A1ct might be relevant for the biological functions on selected targets. Thus we detected a region on SERCA2a where S100A1 as well as S100A1ct might compete with the SERCA2a inhibitor phospholamban and by that may improve the SERCA2a activity. These in silico findings will be combined with experimental investigations of the mode of interaction by Cross-link MS experiments.
Conclusion:
Combining target screening via AP-MS/MS with computer-supported epitope mapping provides a powerful strategy to understand the molecular action of known therapies and by that helps to develop new treatments against heart failure.
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Gaertner B, Buttery A, Finger J, Wolfsgruber S, Wagner M, Busch M. Ist sportliche Aktivität prädiktiv für die kognitive Funktion nach 12 Jahren? Ergebnisse der Studie zur Gesundheit Erwachsener in Deutschland (DEGS1-MH). DAS GESUNDHEITSWESEN 2018. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1667729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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