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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Rhone
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74078-6141, USA
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202
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Tan H, Donaldson J, Basu A, Unruh M, Randhawa P, Sharma V, Morgan C, McCauley J, Wu C, Shapiro R. 200 LIVING DONOR KIDNEY TRANSPLANTATIONS UNDER ALEMTUZUMAB PRETREATMENT AND WEANING OF TACROLIMUS MONOTHERAPY: 3 YEAR FOLLOW UP. Transplantation 2008. [DOI: 10.1097/01.tp.0000332018.69787.7d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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203
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Tan H, Donaldson J, Basu A, Unruh M, Randhawa P, McCauley J, Morgan C, Wu C, Shah N, Shapiro R. 411 LIVING DONOR KIDNEY TRANSPLANTS USING ALEMTUZUMAB PRE-CONDITIONING AND TACROLIMUS MONOTHERAPY: 5 YEAR EXPERIENCE. Transplantation 2008. [DOI: 10.1097/01.tp.0000331776.58663.24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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204
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Krady JK, Basu A, Enterline JR, Levison SW. Anti-inflammatory actions of transforming growth factor-β1 on rat microglia. J Neurochem 2008. [DOI: 10.1046/j.1471-4159.81.s1.17_4.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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205
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Levison SW, Basu A, Krady JK, O'Malley MO, Styren SD, DeKosky ST. The type 1 interleukin-1 receptor is essential for multiple aspects of brain inflammation. J Neurochem 2008. [DOI: 10.1046/j.1471-4159.81.s1.118.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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206
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207
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Jalali R, Basu A, Gupta T, Munshi A, Menon H, Sarin R, Goel A. Encouraging experience of concomitant Temozolomide with radiotherapy followed by adjuvant Temozolomide in newly diagnosed glioblastoma multiforme: single institution experience. Br J Neurosurg 2008; 21:583-7. [PMID: 18071985 DOI: 10.1080/02688690701604574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to report our experience with concomitant and adjuvant temozolomide (TMZ) with radiotherapy in patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). Forty-two newly diagnosed histopathologically proven patients with GBM underwent maximal safe resection followed by external radiotherapy to a total dose of 60 Gy in 30 fractions over 6 weeks along with concomitant oral TMZ (75 mg/m2) daily followed by adjuvant TMZ for 5 days every 28 days for six cycles (150 mg/m2 for the first cycle and 200 mg/m2 for rest of the cycles). Patients were monitored clinicoradiologically as per standard practice. Patients were 13-69 years of age with a median age of 49.5 years (31 males, 11 females). Fifty per cent of patients underwent a gross total resection of tumour, 43% had partial resection, and 7% an open or stereotactic biopsy only. 53% of the patients had a post-operative Karnofsky Performance Score (KPS) of 60-80%. All patients received concomitant radiation and TMZ with 74% of the patients completing six cycles of adjuvant TMZ. At a median follow-up of 12.5 months, the 1- and 2-year survival was 67 and 29%, respectively. The median overall and progression-free survival was 16.4 and 14.9 months respectively. Patients with pretreatment KPS of >80% had significantly better overall survival as compared with those having KPS<or=80% (median survival 22.12 vs. 11.97 months; p=0.026). Treatment was generally well tolerated with 9% of patients developing grade 3 anaemia, 2% grade 3 leucopoenia, and 7% patients grade 3 or 4 thrombocytopenia respectively during the treatment. At last follow-up, among the surviving patients, 30% had a maintained KPS greater than 90%. Concomitant radiotherapy and TMZ followed by adjuvant TMZ prolongs survival in patients with glioblastoma multiforme and is well tolerated in our patient population.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Jalali
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Parel, Mumbai, India.
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208
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Devaraj S, Mathur S, Basu A, Aung HH, Vasu VT, Meyers S, Jialal I. A Dose-Response Study on the Effects of Purified Lycopene Supplementation on Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress. J Am Coll Nutr 2008; 27:267-73. [DOI: 10.1080/07315724.2008.10719699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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209
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Basu A, Sen A. 253: Opiates: Analgesic Or Emetic. Ann Emerg Med 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2008.01.224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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210
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Beverly K, Basu A, Lucas EA. Anti‐inflammatory effects of cranberry juice in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐stimulated RAW 264.7 murine macrophage cells. FASEB J 2008. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.22.1_supplement.890.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kandice Beverly
- Nutritional Sciences DepartmentOklahoma State UniversityStillwaterOK
| | - Arpita Basu
- Nutritional Sciences DepartmentOklahoma State UniversityStillwaterOK
| | - Edralin A. Lucas
- Nutritional Sciences DepartmentOklahoma State UniversityStillwaterOK
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211
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Abstract
The role of autophagy in cell death is under considerable debate. The process of autophagy has been shown to lead to either cell survival or cell death depending on cell type and stimulus. In the present study, we determined the contribution of ERK1/2 signalling to autophagy and cell death induced by tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF) in MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Treatment of MCF-7 cells with TNF caused a time-dependent increase in ERK1/2 activity. There was an induction of autophagy and cleavage of caspase-7, -8, -9 and PARP. Pharmacological inhibition of ERK1/2 phosphorylation with U0126 or PD98059 resulted in a decrease in TNF-induced autophagy that was accompanied by an increase in cleavage of caspase-7, -8, -9 and PARP Furthermore, inhibition of ERK1/2 signalling resulted in decreased clonogenic capacity of MCF-7 cells. These data suggest that TNF-induces autophagy through ERK1/2 and that inhibition of autophagy increases cellular sensitivity to TNF.
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Affiliation(s)
- U Sivaprasad
- Department of Molecular Biology and Immunology, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
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212
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Shapiro R, Ellis D, Tan HP, Moritz ML, Basu A, Vats AN, Kayler LK, Erkan E, McFeaters CG, James G, Grosso MJ, Zeevi A, Gray EA, Marcos A, Starzl TE. Alemtuzumab pre-conditioning with tacrolimus monotherapy in pediatric renal transplantation. Am J Transplant 2007; 7:2736-8. [PMID: 17908272 PMCID: PMC2952494 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-6143.2007.01987.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
We employed antibody pre-conditioning with alemtuzumab and posttransplant immunosuppression with low-dose tacrolimus monotherapy in 26 consecutive pediatric kidney transplant recipients between January 2004 and December 2005. Mean recipient age was 10.7 +/- 5.8 years, 7.7% were undergoing retransplantation, and 3.8% were sensitized, with a PRA >20%. Mean donor age was 32.8 +/- 9.2 years. Living donors were utilized in 65% of the transplants. Mean cold ischemia time was 27.6 +/- 6.4 h. The mean number of HLA mismatches was 3.3 +/- 1.3. Mean follow-up was 25 +/- 8 months. One and 2 year patient survival was 100% and 96%. One and 2 year graft survival was 96% and 88%. Mean serum creatinine was 1.1 +/- 0.6 mg/dL, and calculated creatinine clearance was 82.3 +/- 29.4 mL/min/1.73 m(2). The incidence of pre-weaning acute rejection was 11.5%; the incidence of delayed graft function was 7.7%. Eighteen (69%) of the children were tapered to spaced tacrolimus monotherapy, 10.5 +/- 2.2 months after transplantation. The incidence of CMV, PTLD and BK virus was 0%; the incidence of posttransplant diabetes was 7.7%. Although more follow-up is clearly needed, antibody pre-conditioning with alemtuzumab and tacrolimus monotherapy may be a safe and effective regimen in pediatric renal transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Shapiro
- University of Pittsburgh-Thomas E Starzl Transpl Institute - Surgery-Division of Transplantation, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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213
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Silveira FP, Husain S, Kwak EJ, Linden PK, Marcos A, Shapiro R, Fontes P, Marsh JW, de Vera M, Tom K, Thai N, Tan HP, Basu A, Soltys K, Paterson DL. Cryptococcosis in liver and kidney transplant recipients receiving anti-thymocyte globulin or alemtuzumab. Transpl Infect Dis 2007; 9:22-7. [PMID: 17313467 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-3062.2006.00149.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Rabbit anti-thymocyte globulin (ATG) and alemtuzumab have been used for induction or preconditioning and for the treatment of acute rejection in organ transplant recipients in many centers. Such regimens may lead to a substantial decline in the CD4 lymphocyte count to levels seen in other population groups at high risk of cryptococcosis. In view of this, we examined the impact of such therapy on the cumulative incidence of cryptococcosis among liver and kidney recipients. A total of 834 liver and 727 kidney transplants were performed during the study period. Seven hundred and eighty-one patients did not receive ATG or alemtuzumab; 646 received 1 dose of either drug, and 134 patients received 2 doses of either drug. The cumulative incidence of cryptococcosis was 0.26% (2/781) among those who did not receive ATG or alemtuzumab; 0.3% (2/646) among those who received only 1 dose, and 2.24% (3/134) among those who received 2 doses (P=0.03). There were 5 cases of cryptococcosis in liver recipients and 2 in kidney recipients. There were 3 cases of cryptococcal meningitis, 3 of pneumonia, and 1 of disseminated disease. The 2 kidney recipients had meningitis. Diagnosis occurred at a median of 255 days (range 7-517) after transplantation. The mortality rate was 14.2%. We conclude that the use of 1 dose of ATG or alemtuzumab is not associated with an increased cumulative incidence of cryptococcosis, but that those patients receiving 2 doses are at increased risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- F P Silveira
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
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214
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Abstract
Green tea, rich in antioxidant and anti-inflammatory catechins, especially epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), has been shown to reduce surrogate markers of atherosclerosis and lipid peroxidation, particularly LDL oxidation and malondialdehyde concentrations, in several in vitro, animal, and limited clinical studies. Epidemiological observations in Southeast Asian countries indicate an inverse correlation exists between habitual consumption of green tea beverages and the incidence of cardiovascular events. A few short-term clinical studies have reported its effects in attenuating biomarkers of oxidative stress and inflammation among smokers, and an ability to decrease postprandial lipemia in hypercholesterolemic subjects has also been suggested. However, further investigations are needed to confirm the potential role of green tea beverages and the safety of green tea supplements in reducing body fat, as well as other biomarkers of cardiovascular disease risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arpita Basu
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, 301 Human Environmental Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078-6141, USA.
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215
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Magu SK, Malaviya AK, Behl AK, Basu A. Ovarian Sex-cord Tumour with Peutz-Jeghers Polyp and Giant Keratoacanthoma. Med J Armed Forces India 2007; 63:289-91. [PMID: 27408023 DOI: 10.1016/s0377-1237(07)80161-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2005] [Accepted: 03/19/2007] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- S K Magu
- Classified Specialist (Pathology), Command Hospital (CC) Lucknow
| | - A K Malaviya
- Ex Senior Advisor (Pathology), Command Hospital (CC), Lucknow
| | - A K Behl
- Consultant (Surgery & Reconstructive Surgery), Command Hospital (AF), Banglore
| | - A Basu
- Classified Specialist (Pathology), AFMC, Pune
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216
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Basu A, Falcone JL, Tan HP, Hassan D, Dvorchik I, Bahri K, Thai N, Randhawa PS, Marcos A, Starzl TE, Shapiro R. Chronic allograft nephropathy score before sirolimus rescue predicts allograft function in renal transplant patients. Transplant Proc 2007; 39:94-8. [PMID: 17275482 PMCID: PMC2963426 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2006.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2006] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Chronic allograft nephropathy (CAN) is a major indication for initiation of sirolimus (SRL) in renal transplantation (TX) to prevent deterioration of renal function. We evaluated whether the CAN score at time of sirolimus rescue (SRL-R) predicts renal allograft function. CAN score is the sum of the following 4 categories: glomerulopathy (cg, 0-3), interstitial fibrosis (ci, 0-3), tubular atrophy (ct, 0-3), and vasculopathy (cv, 0-3). This is a retrospective cohort study of renal transplant recipients from July 2001 to March 2004. Immunosuppression consisted of preconditioning with rabbit anti-thymocyte globulin or alemtuzumab and maintenance with tacrolimus (TAC) monotherapy with spaced weaning, if applicable, SRL-R was achieved by conversion from TAC, or by addition to reduced doses of TAC. Ninety patients received SRL. Thirty-three of these patients met the inclusion criteria of the following: (1) receipt of SRL for >6 months, and (2) follow-up of > or =6 months. There were 16 patients in the low-CAN (0-4) group and 17 patients in the high-CAN (>4) group. Cockcroft-Gault (C-G) glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was calculated at SRL-R and at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months. The DeltaGFR was significantly better in the low-CAN group at 1, 3, and 6 months. A trend toward an improved DeltaGFR was present at 12 months in the low-CAN group (P = .16). CAN scoring at the time of SRL-R predicts recovery of renal allograft function (as measured using DeltaGFR), and should be used in preference to biochemical markers (Cr and C-G GFR), which may not be reliable predictors.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Basu
- Thomas E Starzl Transplantation Institute, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
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217
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Kayler LK, Lakkis FG, Morgan C, Basu A, Blisard D, Tan HP, McCauley J, Wu C, Shapiro R, Randhawa PS. Acute cellular rejection with CD20-positive lymphoid clusters in kidney transplant patients following lymphocyte depletion. Am J Transplant 2007; 7:949-54. [PMID: 17331114 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-6143.2007.01737.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Lymphoid clusters (LC) containing CD20-positive B cells in kidney allografts undergoing acute cellular rejection (ACR) have been identified in small studies as a prognostic factor for glucocorticoid resistance and graft loss. Allograft biopsies obtained during the first episode of ACR in 120 recipients were evaluated for LC, immunostained with CD20 antibody, and correlated with conventional histopathologic criteria, response to treatment and outcome. LC were found in 71 (59%) of the 120 biopsies. All contained CD20 positive B cells that accounted for 5-90% of the LC leukocyte content. The incidence of LC was highest in the patients who had no lymphoid depletion or had been treated with Thymoglobulin preconditioning (79% vs. 75%, respectively) compared to 37% in patients pretreated with Campath (p = 0.0001). Banff 1a/1b ACR were more frequent in the LC-positive than the LC-negative group (96% vs. 80%, respectively; p = 0.0051). With a posttransplant follow-up of 953 +/- 430 days, no significant differences were detected between LC-postitive and LC-negative groups in time to ACR, steroid resistance, serum creatinine and graft loss. CD20+LC did not portend glucocorticoid resistance or worse short to medium term outcomes. CD20+LC may represent a heterogenous collection in which there may be a small still to be fully defined unfavorable subgroup.
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Affiliation(s)
- L K Kayler
- The Thomas E. Starzl Transplantation Institute, Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.
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218
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Basu A, Beverly K, Lucas EA. Inhibitory effects of green tea and a constituent of green tea, epigallocatechin‐3‐gallate (EGCG) on nitric oxide production in macrophages. FASEB J 2007. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.21.5.a368-b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Arpita Basu
- Nutritional SciencesOklahoma State University301 Human Environmental SciencesStillwaterOK74078‐6141
| | - Kandice Beverly
- Nutritional SciencesOklahoma State University301 Human Environmental SciencesStillwaterOK74078‐6141
| | - Edralin A. Lucas
- Nutritional SciencesOklahoma State University301 Human Environmental SciencesStillwaterOK74078‐6141
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219
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Hooda AK, Puri P, Narula AS, Raychaudhury N, Varghese SJ, Basu A. Hepatitis C virus-related fibrosing cholestatic hepatitis in a renal transplant recipient. Indian J Gastroenterol 2007; 25:308-9. [PMID: 17264433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Fibrosing cholestatic hepatitis (FCH) is a severe and progressive form of liver dysfunction seen in organ transplant recipients and immunosuppressed patients; it is usually associated with hepatitis B virus infection. We report 36-year-old man, a renal transplant recipient, also developed FCH with hepatitis C virus infection and succumbed to it.
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Affiliation(s)
- A K Hooda
- Department of Nephrology, Command Hospital, Central Command, Lucknow 226 002, India.
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220
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Naicken S, Livingston B, Basu A, Rodhetbhai S, Wakeman I, Chalmers D. The state of peer-to-peer simulators and simulations. SIGCOMM Comput Commun Rev 2007. [DOI: 10.1145/1232919.1232932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, we discuss the current situation with respect to simulation usage in P2P research, testing the available P2P simulators against a proposed set of requirements, and surveying over 280 papers to discover what simulators are already being used. We found that no simulator currently meets all our requirements, and that simulation results are generally reported in the literature in a fashion that precludes any reproduction of results. We hope that this paper will give rise to further discussion and knowledge sharing among those of the P2P and network simulation research communities, so that a simulator that meets the needs of rigorous P2P research can be developed
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - A. Basu
- University of Sussex, Brighton, U.K
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221
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Alexander G, Zhang J, Basu A. Characteristics of Patients Receiving Pharmaceutical Samples and Association between Sample Receipt and Out-of-Pocket Prescription Costs. J Investig Med 2007. [DOI: 10.1177/108155890705500201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - J. Zhang
- University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - A. Basu
- University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
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222
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Alexander G, Zhang J, Basu A. 1 CHARACTERISTICS OF PATIENTS RECEIVING PHARMACEUTICAL SAMPLES AND ASSOCIATION BETWEEN SAMPLE RECEIPT AND OUT-OF-POCKET PRESCRIPTION COSTS. J Investig Med 2007. [DOI: 10.1136/jim-55-02-01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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223
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Sah S, Ghosh Dastidar A, Mallik S, Ganguly A, Das Gupta P, Basu A. P84 Post surgery adjuvant internal mammary lymph node irradiation in early breast cancer – benefit and cardiac toxicity. Breast 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/s0960-9776(07)70149-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
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224
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225
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Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) is a promising anticancer agent as it selectively kills tumor cells but spares normal cells. Resistance to TRAIL by tumor cells limits its therapeutic use. We have previously shown that protein kinase C-epsilon (PKCepsilon) acts as an antiapoptotic protein in MCF-7 breast cancer cells. In the present study, we have investigated the mechanism(s) by which PKCepsilon contributes to TRAIL resistance. Overexpression of PKCepsilon inhibited caspase-8 and -9 activation, release of mitochondrial cytochrome c and cell death induced by TRAIL, but did not interfere with the recruitment of caspase-8 to the death-inducing signaling complex. Knockdown/inhibition of PKCepsilon resulted in enhanced sensitivity to TRAIL. The level of Bcl-2 was increased and Bid was decreased by PKCepsilon at both the protein and mRNA level but PKCepsilon had no effect on Bax. Knockdown of Bcl-2 by siRNA reversed TRAIL resistance in PKCepsilon-overexpressing cells, whereas depletion of Bid contributed to TRAIL resistance in MCF-7 cells. A decrease in Bid content was also associated with inhibition of TRAIL-induced caspase-8 activation. Furthermore, PKCepsilon depletion or overexpression of DN-PKCepsilon was associated with a decrease in Bcl-2 protein level. Thus, our results suggest that PKCepsilon acts upstream of mitochondria and mediates TRAIL resistance via both Bcl-2 and Bid in MCF-7 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- U Sivaprasad
- Department of Molecular Biology and Immunology, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
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226
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Basu A, Grossie B, Bennett M, Mills N, Imrhan V. Alpha-tocopheryl succinate (alpha-TOS) modulates human prostate LNCaP xenograft growth and gene expression in BALB/c nude mice fed two levels of dietary soybean oil. Eur J Nutr 2006; 46:34-43. [PMID: 17180484 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-006-0629-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2006] [Accepted: 10/31/2006] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Malignancy of the prostate constitutes a leading cause of cancer-related deaths in America and Europe. Alpha-tocopheryl succinate (alpha-TOS) has been shown to inhibit human prostate cancer growth in vitro, via several mechanisms, including inhibiting prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expressions. The route of alpha-TOS administration has a profound effect on its antitumor activity, and few studies have investigated its effects on prostate cancer growth in vivo. AIM OF THE STUDY The present study tested the hypothesis that alpha-TOS wil reduce the growth of human prostate LNCaP tumors in mice fed low (7%) and high (20%) levels of dietary soybean oil, compared to the controls receiving vehicle, by modulating PSA and VEGF gene expressions in the tumor tissue. METHODS BALB/c nude mice (n = 42) were subcutaneously inoculated with 1 x 10(6) LNCaP cells and assigned to one of four dietary groups; 7% or 20% soybean oil diet with or without alpha-TOS treatment. Three weeks later, mice received daily intraperitoneal injections of alpha-TOS (100 mg/kg body weight) in sesame seed oil (SSO) for two weeks; controls received SSO injections. Tumor volumes were recorded weekly. Sera, liver, and tumor tissues were collected at seven weeks for serum PSA, testosterone and alpha-tocopherol analyses, histopathological examination, and reverse transcription and polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) amplification of PSA and VEGF gene fragments in tumors. Relative quantification of gene expression was performed using real-time PCR. P < or = 0.05 was considered significant. RESULTS Intraperitoneal injections of alpha-TOS caused decreased tumor growth in both groups (7% and 20% fat, P < 0.05), versus controls. alpha-TOS treatment significantly reduced serum PSA and testosterone levels in comparison to the SSO-treated controls (P < 0.05). Control tumors had a greater degree of angiogenesis than alpha-TOS tumors, as demonstrated by the greater number of blood-filled vessels. PSA and VEGF mRNA expressions, were also reduced with alpha-TOS treatment (P < 0.05), revealing the possible molecular mechanisms of growth inhibition of LNCaP xenografts by alpha-TOS. CONCLUSIONS Our study shows significant reduction in LNCaP xenograft growth with alpha-TOS treatment in nude mice fed a low (7%) and high (20%) fat soybean oil diets versus controls. Serum PSA and testosterone, tumor angiogenesis, and PSA and VEGF mRNA expressions were markedly reduced by alpha-TOS administration, suggesting a possible role of alpha-TOS as a chemotherapeutic agent in human prostate cancer, and warrants further investigations on the dose and delivery of alpha-TOS in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arpita Basu
- Nutritional Sciences, 301 Human Environmental Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA.
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227
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Baxi M, Shetty KJ, Baxi J, Basu A, Talwar OP, Smithi S, Tiwari PK, Maudar KK. Need for an Individualized and Aggressive Management of Multinodular Goiters of Endemic Zones by Specially Trained Surgeons: Experience in Western Nepal. World J Surg 2006; 30:2101-9; discussion 2110-1. [PMID: 17103103 DOI: 10.1007/s00268-005-0346-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The goals of the present study were to explore the presentation of multinodular goiter (MNG) and solitary thyroid nodules (STN) in the sub-Himalayan belt, including the risk of malignancy, and to evaluate whether specialized surgeon training in endocrine surgery has an effect on reducing complications. METHODS This retrospective study (1998-2003) analyzed 624 patients with thyroid disorders seen in the thyroid clinic of a tertiary care hospital in western Nepal. The findings included 67.7% (n = 423: euthyroid, 297, toxic, 126) multinodular goiters (MNG) and 18.5% (n = 116) STN. Rest of patients of other thyroid disorders were excluded from the study. Ultrasonography and fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) were the available diagnostic adjuncts. To evaluate the role of surgeon training, outcomes were compared between patients cared for by surgeons specially trained in endocrine surgery and those who were not. Prognostic markers indicated aggressiveness of cancers. RESULTS Of the 539 MNG and STN patients in this series, 236 underwent operation. Of these, 25.7% (139/539) were toxic, and 11.31% had associated carcinoma. Aggressive cancers, like poorly differentiated (4.9%) and anaplastic types (18%), were more common than in series of patients from iodine-sufficient regions. Patients 40-55 years of age were more likely to have toxicity, and those > 60 years of age were more likely to have aggressive cancers. Postoperative complication rates were lower in the group treated by surgeons who had special training in endocrine surgery. CONCLUSIONS There is a higher incidence of toxicity and malignancy in MNG in an endemic goiter zone. The limited diagnostic and therapeutic facilities in the region under study warrant a high degree of clinical suspicion and judgment, sound knowledge of thyroid physiology, thorough interpretation of hormone test results, and meticulous surgical techniques. The treatment must be individualized with consideration of humanitarian and socioeconomic factors, without compromising the quality of care and its long-term consequences. Aggressive management of malignancy and toxicity with total thyroidectomy is needed as primary therapy in many instances. However, subtotal excision is more useful in carefully selected cases with a small remnant. Specialized training in thyroid surgery appears to be valuable in reducing complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Baxi
- Department of Surgery, Manipal Teaching Hospital, Phulbari, PO Box 341, Pokhara, Nepal.
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228
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Jha JK, Maiti MK, Bhattacharjee A, Basu A, Sen PC, Sen SK. Cloning and functional expression of an acyl-ACP thioesterase FatB type from Diploknema (Madhuca) butyracea seeds in Escherichia coli. Plant Physiol Biochem 2006; 44:645-55. [PMID: 17092734 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2006.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2006] [Accepted: 09/22/2006] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
A cDNA of fatty acyl-acyl carrier protein (ACP) thioesterase (Fat) from developing seed of Madhuca butyracea has been cloned. The deduced amino acid sequence of the cDNA corresponding to the mature polypeptide showed 30-40% and 60-75% identity to the reported FatA and FatB class of plant thioesterases, respectively. This gene, MbFatB, is present as a single copy in M. butyracea genome and the MbFatB protein was detected clearly in seed tissues of this plant but not in that of Indian mustard (Brassica juncea). Heterologous expression of the MbFatB gene driven by different promoters in E. coli wild type and fatty acid beta-oxidation mutant (fadD88) strains resulted production of the recombinant protein with various fusion tags either as biologically inactive (insoluble) or functionally active forms. Expression of functionally active recombinant MbFatB in E. coli affected bacterial growth and cell morphology as well as changed the fatty acid profiles of the membrane lipid and the culture supernatant. Alteration of the fatty acid composition was directed predominantly towards palmitate and to a lesser extent myristate and oleate due to acyl chain termination activity of plant thioesterase in bacteria. Thus, this new MbFatB gene isolated from a non-traditional oil-seed tree can be used in future for transgenic development of oil-seed Brassica, a widely cultivated crop that expresses predominantly oleoyl-ACP thioesterase (FatA) in its seed tissue and has high amount of unwanted erucic acid in edible oil in order to alter the fatty acid profile in a desirable way.
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Affiliation(s)
- J K Jha
- IIT-BREF Biotek, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India
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229
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Tan HP, Kaczorowski DJ, Basu A, Unruh M, McCauley J, Wu C, Donaldson J, Dvorchik I, Kayler L, Marcos A, Randhawa P, Smetanka C, Starzl TE, Shapiro R. Living donor renal transplantation using alemtuzumab induction and tacrolimus monotherapy. Am J Transplant 2006; 6:2409-17. [PMID: 16889606 PMCID: PMC3154761 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-6143.2006.01495.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Alemtuzumab was used as an induction agent in 205 renal transplant recipients undergoing 207 living donor renal transplants. All donor kidneys were recovered laparoscopically. Postoperatively, patients were treated with tacrolimus monotherapy, and immunosuppression was weaned when possible. Forty-seven recipients of living donor renal transplants prior to the induction era who received conventional triple drug immunosuppression without antibody induction served as historic controls. The mean follow-up was 493 days in the alemtuzumab group and 2101 days in the historic control group. Actuarial 1-year patient and graft survival were 98.6% and 98.1% in the alemtuzumab group, compared to 93.6% and 91.5% in the control group, respectively. The incidence of acute cellular rejection (ACR) at 1 year was 6.8% in the alemtuzumab group and 17.0% (p < 0.05) in the historic control group. Most (81.3%) episodes of ACR in the alemtuzumab group were Banff 1 (a or b) and were sensitive to steroid pulses for the treatment of rejection. There was no cytomegalovirus disease or infection. The incidence of delayed graft function was 0%, and the incidence of posttransplant insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus was 0.5%. This study represents the largest series to date of live donor renal transplant recipients undergoing alemtuzumab induction, and confirms the short-term safety and efficacy of this approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- H P Tan
- The Thomas E. Starzl Transplantation Institute, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To review the effects of tomato product supplementation, containing lycopene, on biomarkers of oxidative stress and carcinogenesis in human clinical trials. RESULTS Supplementation of tomato products, containing lycopene, has been shown to lower biomarkers of oxidative stress and carcinogenesis in healthy and type II diabetic patients, and prostate cancer patients, respectively. Processed tomato products like tomato juice, tomato paste, tomato puree, tomato ketchup and tomato oleoresin have been shown to provide bioavailable sources of lycopene, with consequent increases in plasma lycopene levels versus baseline. Dietary fats enhance this process and should be consumed together with food sources of lycopene. The mechanisms of action involve protection of plasma lipoproteins, lymphocyte DNA and serum proteins against oxidative damage, and anticarcinogenic effects, including reduction of prostate-specific antigen, upregulation of connexin expression and overall decrease in prostate tumor aggressiveness. There is limited in vivo data on the health benefits of lycopene alone. Most of the clinical trials with tomato products suggest a synergistic action of lycopene with other nutrients, in lowering biomarkers of oxidative stress and carcinogenesis. CONCLUSIONS Consumption of processed tomato products, containing lycopene, is of significant health benefit and can be attributed to a combination of naturally occurring nutrients in tomatoes. Lycopene, the main tomato carotenoid, contributes to this effect, but its role per se remains to be investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Basu
- Medical Pathology, UCDavis Health System, Sacramento, CA, USA
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231
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Basu A, Ranjith S, Jagdish S, Sistla SC, Jayanthi S. A 62 year old man with an inguinoscrotal swelling. Postgrad Med J 2006; 82:e16, e18. [PMID: 16822915 PMCID: PMC2563762 DOI: 10.1136/pgmj.2005.043844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A Basu
- Department of General Surgery, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Pondicherry, India.
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232
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Basu A, Mustafiz S, Islam MR, Bjorndalen N, Rahaman MS, Chaalal O. A COMPREHENSIVE APPROACH FOR MODELING SORPTION OF LEAD AND COBALT IONS THROUGH FISH SCALES AS AN ADSORBENT. CHEM ENG COMMUN 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/00986440500193707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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233
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Abstract
Inflammation plays a pivotal role in all stages of atherosclerosis. Cardiovascular risk factors and metabolic syndrome are typified by low-grade inflammation. Intervention trials convincingly demonstrate that weight loss reduces biomarkers of inflammation, such as C-reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin (IL)-6. Limited studies have shown that certain dietary factors; oleic acid, alpha-linolenic acid, and antioxidants RRR-alpha-alpha tocopherol, reduce biomarkers of inflammation. Most of the studies with fish oil supplementation have shown null effects, and conflicting results have been reported with saturated and trans fatty acids, cholesterol, and soy intake. Much further research is needed to define the role of individual dietary factors on the biomarkers of inflammation and the mechanism of the anti-inflammatory effects of weight loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arpita Basu
- Laboratory for Atherosclerosis and Metabolic Research, University of California Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
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234
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Tan HP, Kaczorowski D, Basu A, McCauley J, Marcos A, Donaldson J, Unruh M, Randhawa P, Zeevi A, Shapiro R. Steroid-free tacrolimus monotherapy after pretransplantation thymoglobulin or Campath and laparoscopy in living donor renal transplantation. Transplant Proc 2006; 37:4235-40. [PMID: 16387087 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2005.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2005] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Living donor renal transplantation was performed under a regimen of recipient pretreatment and low-dose postoperative immunosuppression with subsequent weaning. From October 9, 2002, to December 31, 2004, 196 consecutive, unselected laparoscopic live donor nephrectomies resulting in 196 living donor renal transplantations were performed. Recipients were pretreated with rabbit antithymocyte globulin (thymoglobulin; 24 patients or [12%]) or Campath 1H (alemtuzumab; 166 patients [85%]), or were not in protocol (6 patients [3%]), and were given postoperative steroid-free low-dose tacrolimus immunosuppressive monotherapy with subsequent weaning. There was no donor mortality. Major and minor donor morbidities were 2.6% and 4.2%, respectively. Laparoscopic live donor nephrectomy recipient outcomes with a mean follow-up of 401 days included (1) recipient and graft survival of 99.0% and 97.4%, respectively; (2) no ureteral stenosis; (3) 0.5% delayed graft function, from recurrent focal segmental glomerulosclinosis; and (4) no vascular thrombosis. The incidence of acute rejection at 30, 90, and 401 days was 1.5%, 3.8%, and 11.2% (all 196 recipients), 0%, 25%, and 29.2% (thymoglobulin recipients), and 1.8%, 3.9%, and 8.4% (Campath 1H recipients), respectively. Sixty-six patients (33.7%) are receiving spaced-dose immunosuppressive monotherapy. The mean creatinine concentration in all recipients was 1.5 +/- 1.1 mg/dL. There were no instances of cytomegalovirus tissue invasive disease or posttransplantation lymphoproliferative disease. The incidence of new-onset posttransplantation insulin-dependent diabetes was 0.5%. At current follow-up, the use of Campath 1H rather than thymoglobulin for pretreatment seems to have significantly improved the efficacy of our regimen.
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Affiliation(s)
- H P Tan
- Starzl Transplantation Institute, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA.
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235
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Saha S, Ghos Dastidar A, Sarkar S, Das Gupta P, Roy A, Basu A. Choice of target volume for brachytherapy boost in locally advanced breast cancer: an Indian experience. EJC Suppl 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/s1359-6349(06)80207-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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236
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Basu A, Devaraj S, Cross CE, Meyer S, Jialal I. Dose‐response study of purified lycopene on biomarkers of oxidative stress. FASEB J 2006. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.20.4.a549-c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Arpita Basu
- Medical PathologyUC Davis Medical Center4635 Second AvenueSacramentoCA95817
| | - Sridevi Devaraj
- Medical PathologyUC Davis Medical Center4635 Second AvenueSacramentoCA95817
| | - Carroll E Cross
- Medical PathologyUC Davis Medical Center4635 Second AvenueSacramentoCA95817
| | - Stuart Meyer
- Medical PathologyUC Davis Medical Center4635 Second AvenueSacramentoCA95817
| | - Ishwarlal Jialal
- Medical PathologyUC Davis Medical Center4635 Second AvenueSacramentoCA95817
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237
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IMRHAN VICKY, Basu A, Sundaresan S, Aredo B, Bennett M, Radcliffe JD. Cottonseed oil diets reduce human prostate LNCaP tumor growth and modulate gene expression in BALB/c nude mice. FASEB J 2006. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.20.4.a611-b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- VICKY IMRHAN
- Nutrition and Food SciencesTexas Woman’s UniversityBox‐425888DentonTexas76204
| | - Arpita Basu
- PathologyUC Davis Medical Center4400 V StreetSacramentoCalifornia95817
| | - Sinju Sundaresan
- Nutrition and Food SciencesTexas Woman’s UniversityBox‐425888DentonTexas76204
| | - Bogale Aredo
- Nutrition and Food SciencesTexas Woman’s UniversityBox‐425888DentonTexas76204
| | - Michael Bennett
- PathologyUTSW Medical Center5323 Harry Hines BoulevardDallasTexas75390
| | - John D Radcliffe
- Nutrition and Food SciencesTexas Woman’s University1130 John Freeman BlvdHoustonTexas77030‐2897
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Son R, Imrhan V, Basu A, Sustaita P. Effect of vitamin E succinate (VES) on hepatic lipids in BALB/c mice injected with LNCaP cells. FASEB J 2006. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.20.4.a132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rosemary Son
- Nutrition & Food SciencesTexas Woman’s UniversityP.O. BOX 425888DentonTX76204
| | - Vicotorine Imrhan
- Nutrition & Food SciencesTexas Woman’s UniversityP.O. BOX 425888DentonTX76204
| | - Arpita Basu
- Medical PathologyUC Davis Medical Center4635 Second AvenueSacramentoCA95817
| | - Paul Sustaita
- Nutrition & Food SciencesTexas Woman’s UniversityP.O. BOX 425888DentonTX76204
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Abstract
There is convincing evidence that vitamin E succinate significantly reduces human prostate cancer growth in experimental models compared with alpha-tocopherol or tocopheryl acetate. Its intact delivery to cancer cells is questionable when administered orally; however, a study in transgenic mice showed a synergistic inhibitory effect of dietary vitamin E succinate, selenium, and lycopene on prostate cancer incidence. Clinical trials have yet to confirm this effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arpita Basu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Texas Woman's University, P.O. Box 425888, Denton, TX 76204-5888, USA.
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Gokhale S, Malaviya AK, Basu A, Varghese SJ, Agarwal A. Clinicopathological Quiz. Med J Armed Forces India 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/s0377-1237(05)80067-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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241
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Deepa M, Sharma R, Basu A, Agnihotry S. Effect of oxalic acid dihydrate on optical and electrochemical properties of sol–gel derived amorphous electrochromic WO3 films. Electrochim Acta 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2005.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Labana S, Singh OV, Basu A, Pandey G, Jain RK. A microcosm study on bioremediation of p-nitrophenol-contaminated soil using Arthrobacter protophormiae RKJ100. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2005; 68:417-24. [PMID: 15806356 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-005-1926-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2004] [Revised: 01/21/2005] [Accepted: 01/21/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
p-Nitrophenol (PNP), a toxic nitroaromatic compound, can build up in soils due to extensive usage of nitrophenolic pesticides and hence needs to be removed. Arthrobacter protophormiae RKJ100, a PNP-degrading organism, was used in this work to study factors affecting its growth, and then evaluated for its capacity to degrade PNP in soil microcosms. Molasses (10%) treated with 0.1% potassium hexacyanoferrate was found to be a suitable and cheap carbon source for inoculum preparation. Induction studies showed that PNP depletion was quicker when cells were induced by pre-exposure to PNP. The efficiency of PNP degradation in soil by strain RKJ100 was seen to be dependent on pH, temperature, initial PNP concentration and inoculum size. Microcosm studies performed with varying concentrations (1.4-210 ppm) of PNP-spiked soils showed that strain RKJ100 could effectively degrade PNP over the range 1.4-140 ppm. A cell density of 2x10(8) colony forming units/g soil was found to be suitable for PNP degradation over a temperature range of 20-40 degrees C and at a slightly alkaline pH (7.5). Our results indicate that strain RKJ100 has potential for use in in situ bioremediation of PNP-contaminated sites. This is a model study that could be used for decontamination of sites contaminated also with other compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Labana
- Institute of Microbial Technology, Sector 39-A, Chandigarh, India
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243
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Basu A, Ramkumar M, Tan HP, Khan A, McCauley J, Marcos A, Fung JJ, Starzl TE, Shapiro R. Reversal of Acute Cellular Rejection After Renal Transplantation With Campath-1H. Transplant Proc 2005; 37:923-6. [PMID: 15848576 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2004.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Between September 2002 and February 2004, 40 kidney transplant (27 from deceased and 13 from living donors) recipients (25 male and 15 female, aged 50.3 +/- 15.1 years) were treated with Campath 1H (C 1H; 30 mg/dose IV) for biopsy-proven steroid-resistant rejection (SRR) or rejections equal to or worse than Banff 1B. All transplantations occurred between August 2001 and May 2003. All patients had received antibody preconditioning (RATG 5 mg/kg, n = 34; C 1H 60 mg, n = 4; C 1H 30 mg, n = 2) preoperatively and were treated with Tacrolimus monotherapy (target level 10 ng/ml) postoperatively and subsequent spaced weaning. Elevated creatinine levels at follow-up were evaluated by renal transplant biopsy. Rejection was treated with steroids, reversal of weaning, addition of sirolimus, and/or antibody treatment, depending on grade of rejection. The mean duration of follow-up was 453 +/- 163 days after C 1H administration. Twenty-nine patients received C 1H for SRR and 11 patients for Banff 1B or worse rejections; 26 patients received more than 1 dose of C 1H. Graft survival was 62.5% (25 patients); 6 of the 15 allografts (40%) that failed had presented with rejections because of noncompliance. Graft survival in compliant patients with SRR or rejections equal to or worse than Banff 1B was 73.5% (25 of 34). Fourteen patients (35%) had infectious complications, of whom 2 patients (5%) died. C 1H is an effective agent for SRR and Banff 1B or worse rejections, with 95% patient survival and 73.5% graft survival (in compliant patients). The number of doses of 30 mg C 1H should be restricted to two, as there is a high incidence of potentially fatal infectious complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Basu
- University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
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244
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Keven K, Basu A, Tan HP, Thai N, Khan A, Marcos A, Starzl TE, Shapiro R. Cytomegalovirus prophylaxis using oral ganciclovir or valganciclovir in kidney and pancreas–kidney transplantation under antibody preconditioning. Transplant Proc 2004; 36:3107-12. [PMID: 15686707 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2004.11.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
We investigated retrospectively the risk factors for cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection under ganciclovir or valganciclovir prophylaxis (oral ganciclovir 1 g tid, valganciclovir 450 mg/d) in our kidney and simultaneous pancreas-kidney (SPK) transplant patients undergoing transplantation between July 1, 2001 and February 28, 2003. Two hundred eleven patients receiving prophylactic oral ganciclovir or valganciclovir were included in the study. All patients were given antibody preconditioning (thymoglobulin 178, alemtuzumab 33). Duration of prophylactic treatment was between 3 and 8 months. Fifteen (7.1%) patients developed a positive CMV antigenemia in the first 6 months after transplantation, and 18 of 176 (10.2%) patients developed a positive CMV antigenemia during the first year. No patient developed tissue invasive CMV disease. At 6 months after transplantation, valganciclovir was slightly more effective than ganciclovir prophylaxis (P=.052). Positive donor CMV serology significantly increased the risk of CMV infection compared to CMV-negative donors (P=.014 and P=.003 at 6 and 12 months, respectively). Duration of CMV prophylaxis for more than 3 months decreased the risk of CMV infection (P=.04 and P=.009 at 6 and 12 months, respectively). Either valganciclovir prophylaxis (450 mg/d) or high-dose oral ganciclovir (1 g tid) is effective in preventing tissue-invasive CMV disease, and results in a low incidence of CMV antigenemia in patients undergoing kidney and SPK transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Keven
- Thomas E Starzl Transplantation Institute, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
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245
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Avital S, Brasesco O, Basu A, Szomstein S, Sands L, Wexner SD, Rosenthal R. Effects of colonoscopy on intracranial pressure: observation in a large animal model. Endoscopy 2004; 36:997-1000. [PMID: 15520919 DOI: 10.1055/s-2004-825959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIMS Increased intra-abdominal pressure has been associated with increased intracranial pressure. Bowel insufflation during colonoscopy may increase the intra-abdominal pressure. It was hypothesized that colonoscopy may be associated with intracranial pressure elevation subsequent to an elevation in intra-abdominal pressure. MATERIALS AND METHODS Colonoscopy was carried out in seven anesthetized pigs, and the colonoscope was advanced up to 60 cm from the anal verge. Insufflation was used to allow safe advancement of the colonoscope and to allow visualization of the colon, in the same way as in the procedure performed in humans. Intra-abdominal pressure was measured by determining the hydrostatic pressure in the urinary bladder. A subarachnoid screw was used to monitor intracranial pressure. The mean arterial blood pressure and intra-abdominal venous pressure were directly monitored via the femoral vessel access; all parameters were recorded before and during colonoscopy. RESULTS A statistically significant elevation in intracranial pressure was demonstrated during colonoscopy. The average increase in intracranial pressure was 3.1 mm Hg. The intra-abdominal pressure and intra-abdominal venous pressure were also significantly elevated during the procedure. CONCLUSIONS Colonoscopy may increase intracranial pressure due to an increase in intra-abdominal pressure. This may have clinical implications when colonoscopy is conducted in patients with brain pathology associated with high intracranial pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Avital
- Dept. of Colon and Rectal Surgery, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
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246
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Sarkar RN, Banerjee S, Basu A. Comparative evaluation of diabetic and non-diabetic stroke--effect of glycaemia on outcome. J Indian Med Assoc 2004; 102:551-3. [PMID: 15887821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Though there are extensive data on diabetic retinopathy, neuropathy and peripheral vascular disease, there are not enough data on diabetic stroke. Present study was carried out to evaluate distinctive feature of diabetic and non-diabetic stroke and to compare early mortality between two groups. Four hundred and fifty consecutive stroke cases categorised into group I of 171 known diabetic and 279 non-diabetics. Reactive hyperglycaemia seen in cases with HbA1c below 7.0% were put into group II. Patients were evaluated clinically. Evidence of peripheral vascular disease, retinopathy and other target organ damage were assessed. Glycaemic parameters monitored include fasting plasma glucose (FPG), random plasma glucose (RPG) and HbA1c. Total serum cholesterol was taken as the main risk factor in both groups though lipid profile was done in all cases. CT scan was done in all cases and a repeat one when needed. Out of 450 cases 171 were diabetic and 279 cases were non-diabetic. There was female preponderance in diabetic. Average age of diabetic stroke was lower than non-diabetic, 51.2 years as against 67 years. History of previous stroke was higher in diabetic (15.8%) than non-diabetic (5.7%). There was higher incidence of transient ischaemic attack in diabetic (22.8%) than non-diabetic (7.5%), which was highly significant (p<0.001). Hypertension and hypercholesterolaemia (> 175 mg/dl) were two important risk factors in 70.9% and 30.9% respectively in group I compared to 47.6% and 21.1 % respectively in group II, both of which are significant (p<0.001). Ischaemic stroke were higher in group I(69%) as compared to group II (45.8%) which was significant (p<0.001). Lacunar infarct were more in group I (73.7%) than group II (61.7%). Haemorrhagic stroke was higher in group II (52.7%) than in group I (30.4%). Apart from recent event CT scan showed evidence of old lacunar infarct in 36.8% cases of group I compared to 21.1% of group II. During follow-up mortality within 4 weeks was higher in haemorrhagic stroke of group I (55.8%) compared to 49.6% in group II which is significant (p<0.05). For ischaemic stroke mortality in group I was 26.3% compared to 14.8% in group II which is very significant (p<0.001). Out of total mortality in group I, 35.08% had high HbA1c. Increased risk of stroke in diabetic is probably related to hypertension and lipid abnormalities. Increased mortality from abnormal glycaemic control needs to be evaluated further.
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Affiliation(s)
- R N Sarkar
- Department of Medicine, Medical College, Kolkata 700 073
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Keven K, Basu A, Re L, Tan H, Marcos A, Fung JJ, Starzl TE, Simmons RL, Shapiro R. Clostridium difficile colitis in patients after kidney and pancreas-kidney transplantation. Transpl Infect Dis 2004; 6:10-4. [PMID: 15225221 PMCID: PMC2962570 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-3062.2004.00040.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Limited data exist about Clostridium difficile colitis (CDC) in solid organ transplant patients. Between 1/1/99 and 12/31/02, 600 kidney and 102 pancreas-kidney allograft recipients were transplanted. Thirty-nine (5.5%) of these patients had CDC on the basis of clinical and laboratory findings. Of these 39 patients, 35 have information available for review. CDC developed at a median of 30 days after transplantation, and the patients undergoing pancreas-kidney transplantation had a slightly higher incidence of CDC than recipients of kidney alone (7.8% vs. 4.5%, P>0.05). All but one patient presented with diarrhea. Twenty-four patients (64.9%) were diagnosed in the hospital, and CDC occurred during first hospitalization in 14 patients (40%). Treatment was with oral metronidazole (M) in 33 patients (94%) and M+oral vancomycin (M+V) in 2 patients. Eight patients had recurrent CDC, which occurred at a median of 30 days (range 15-314) after the first episode. Two patients (5.7%) developed fulminant CDC, presented with toxic megacolon, and underwent colectomy. One of them died; the other patient survived after colectomy. CDC should be considered as a diagnosis in transplant patients with history of diarrhea after antibiotic use, and should be treated aggressively before the infection becomes complicated.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Keven
- Thomas E. Starzl Transplantation Institute, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, MUH 7 South, 3459 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
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Basu A, Dillon RDS, Taylor R, Davison JM, Marshall SM. Is normalisation of serum potassium and magnesium always necessary in Gitelman Syndrome for a successful obstetric outcome? BJOG 2004; 111:630-4. [PMID: 15198796 DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-0528.2004.00148.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A Basu
- City Hospital Birmingham, UK
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Basu A. Insulin sensitivity: normal and abnormal. Nestle Nutr Workshop Ser Clin Perform Programme 2004; 9:37-52. [PMID: 15361677 DOI: 10.1159/000080622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- A Basu
- Endocrinology and Metabolism, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn., USA
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Stephen T, Thankachen R, Basu A, Parihar B, Shukla V, Kurula RJ. Coarctation of aorta—early and mid term follow-up after surgical repair. Indian J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2004. [DOI: 10.1007/s12055-004-0420-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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