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Tian M, Tang ML, Ng HK, Chan PS. A comparative study of confidence intervals for negative binomial proportion. J STAT COMPUT SIM 2009. [DOI: 10.1080/00949650701727352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Tayal AH, Tian M, Kelly KM, Jones SC, Wright DG, Singh D, Jarouse J, Brillman J, Murali S, Gupta R. Atrial fibrillation detected by mobile cardiac outpatient telemetry in cryptogenic TIA or stroke. Neurology 2008; 71:1696-701. [PMID: 18815386 DOI: 10.1212/01.wnl.0000325059.86313.31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 236] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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103
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Tian M, Tang ML, Ng HKT, Chan PS. Confidence intervals for the risk ratio under inverse sampling. Stat Med 2008; 27:3301-24. [DOI: 10.1002/sim.3158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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104
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Tian M, Kanavillil N, Davey L, Leung K, Schraft H, Chen A. Direct growth of biofilms on an electrode surface and its application in electrochemical biosensoring. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2007.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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105
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Meng S, Tian M, Liu Y, Guo Y, Fan Y. Spectrophotometric determination of thorium in food using 2-(2,5-disulfonic-4-methoxyphenylazo)-7-(2-hydroxyl-5-carboxylphenylazo)-1,8-dihydroxynaphthalene-3,6-disulfonic acid. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2007. [DOI: 10.1134/s1061934807100085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Donello J, Tian M, Cheevers C, Alcantara M, Gil D. 378 STRESS-INDUCED ANALGESIA SHIFTS TO HYPERALGESIA IN ALPHA-2A RECEPTOR KNOCKOUT (KO) MICE. Eur J Pain 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpain.2007.03.393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Yuan S, Xiao M, Zheng G, Tian M, Lu X. Quantitative structure-property relationship studies on electrochemical degradation of substituted phenols using a support vector machine. SAR AND QSAR IN ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2006; 17:473-81. [PMID: 17050187 DOI: 10.1080/10629360600934044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
A quantitative structure-property relationship (QSPR) model has been developed for the electrochemical degradation of substituted phenols using a support vector machine (SVM). Thirty descriptors, including quantum chemical parameters, steric effect descriptors and half wave potential (E1/2), were used for describing twelve substituted phenols, including mono- and multi-substituent phenols. A leave-one-out (LOO) cross validation procedure resulted in the selection of three descriptors, the total of electron and nuclear energies of the two-center terms for the carbon-chlorine or carbon-nitrogen bond (TE2), the net atomic charges on the chlorine or nitrogen (qx), and the largest negative atomic charge on an atom (q-). The model based on SVM yielded a Q2 value of 0.892, indicating a high predictive ability. Compared with models developed with partial least squares (PLS) and multiple linear regression (MLR), where Q2 were 0.804 and 0.799 respectively, SVM showed higher performances.
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Wen J, Tian M, Guo Z, Chen Q. Synthesis and Phase-transition of 4-alkoxycarbonylphenyl 4′-n-alkoxy-2,3,5, 6-tetrafluorobiphenyl-4-carboxylates. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/10587259608034059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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109
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Zhang H, Tian M, Zhao C, Ye X, Zhan H. 11C-Methionine PET to predict survival of glioma patients treated by radiotherapy. J Clin Oncol 2006. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2006.24.18_suppl.1523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
1523 Background: The early prediction of glioma prognosis is very important. Amino acid metabolism of glioma is associated with numerous catabolic processes favoring tumor growth. As an essential amino acid, L-methionine plays a central role in the altered metabolism of cancer cells. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prognostic value of PET imaging using 11C-methionine (MET) in patients with gliomas treated by radiotherapy. Methods: MET PET was prospectively performed in 36 patients with gliomas before and within one month after radiotherapy. Tumor MET uptake was measured with the semiquantitative tumor-to-nontumor ratio (T/N ratio). The MET uptake in the tumor and relevant clinical parameters were entered into univariate and multivariate survival analysis. Results: All tumors were identified in the baseline MET PET study. Patients with a baseline T/N ratio of < 4.0 had a significant better survival than patients with a baseline T/N ratio > 4.0 (2-year survival rate: 50.8% versus 0%, P=0.026). Patients with a post radiotherapy ratio of <4.0 had a better survival than that with a post radiotherapy ratio > 4.0 (2-year survival rate: 50.4% versus 0%, P=0.0012). The univariate analysis showed that both baseline and postradiotherapy T/N ratio were statistically significant predictors of patient survival, and postradiotherapy T/N ratio was a significant independent survival predictor in multivariate analysis. Tumors with larger T/N ratio had a significantly poorer prognosis. Conclusions: Baseline MET uptake was a potential survival indicator and postradiotherapy MET uptake was a significant independent predicator in glioma patients treated by radiotherapy. MET PET is a valuable tool in the predication of survival in patients with gliomas treated by radiotherapy. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Tian M, Yang XL. C-type natriuretic peptide modulates glutamate receptors on cultured rat retinal amacrine cells. Neuroscience 2006; 139:1211-20. [PMID: 16600513 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2006.02.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2005] [Revised: 02/08/2006] [Accepted: 02/23/2006] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
C-type natriuretic peptide, widely distributed in the CNS, may work as a neuromodulator. In this work, we investigated modulation by C-type natriuretic peptide of functional properties of glutamate receptors in rat retinal GABAergic amacrine cells in culture. Immunocytochemical data revealed that natriuretic peptide receptor-B was strongly expressed on the membrane of cultured GABAergic amacrine cells. By whole cell recording techniques we further identified the glutamate receptor expressed on the GABAergic amacrine cells as an AMPA-preferring subtype. Incubation with C-type natriuretic peptide suppressed the AMPA receptor-mediated current of these cells in a dose-dependent manner by decreasing the efficacy and apparent affinity for glutamate. The effect of C-type natriuretic peptide was reversed by HS-142-1, a guanylyl cyclase-coupled natriuretic peptide receptor-A/B antagonist. Meanwhile, the selective natriuretic peptide receptor-C agonist cANF did not change the glutamate current. In conjunction with the immunocytochemical data, these results suggest that the C-type natriuretic peptide effect may be mediated by natriuretic peptide receptor-B. Furthermore, incubation of retinal cultures in the C-type natriuretic peptide-containing medium elevated cGMP immunoreactivity in the GABAergic amacrine cells, and the C-type natriuretic peptide effect on the glutamate current was mimicked by application of 8-Br-cGMP. It is therefore concluded that C-type natriuretic peptide may modulate the glutamate current by increasing the intracellular concentration of cGMP in these cells via activation of natriuretic peptide receptor-B.
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Zhong WX, Dong ZF, Tian M, Cao J, Xu L, Luo JH. N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor-dependent long-term potentiation in CA1 region affects synaptic expression of glutamate receptor subunits and associated proteins in the whole hippocampus. Neuroscience 2006; 141:1399-413. [PMID: 16766131 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2006.04.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2006] [Revised: 03/12/2006] [Accepted: 04/28/2006] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Long term potentiation in hippocampus, evoked by high-frequency stimulation, is mediated by two major glutamate receptor subtypes, alpha-amino-3-hydroxyl-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionate receptors and N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors. Receptor subunit composition and its interaction with cytoplasmic proteins constitute different pathways regulating synaptic plasticity. Here, we provide further evidence that N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor-mediated long term potentiation evoked at hippocampal CA1 region of rats induced by high-frequency stimulation of the Schaffer collateral-commissural pathway in vivo is not dependent on N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor subunit NR2B. Applying semi-quantitative immunoblotting, we found that in the whole tetanized hippocampus, synaptic expression of the N-methyl-D-aspartate and alpha-amino-3-hydroxyl-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionate receptor subunits (NR1, NR2A, glutamate receptor 1) and their associated partners, e.g. synaptic associated protein 97, postsynaptic density protein 95, alpha subunit of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II, neuronal nitricoxide synthase, increased 180 min post-high-frequency stimulation. Moreover, phosphorylation of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II at thr286 and glutamate receptor 1 at ser831 was increased 30 min post-high-frequency stimulation and blocked by N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonists (AP-5 and MK-801). In sham group and controls, these changes were not observed. The expression of several other synaptic proteins (NR2B, glutamate receptors 2/3, N-ethylmaleimide sensitive factor) was not affected by long term potentiation induction. In hippocampal homogenates, the level of these proteins remained unchanged. These data indicate that N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor-dependent long term potentiation in CA1 region in vivo mainly affects the synaptic expression of glutamate receptor subunits and associated proteins in the whole hippocampus. The alteration of molecular aspects can play a role in regulating the long-lasting synaptic modification in hippocampal long term potentiation in vivo.
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Wang H, Rosario MM, Kurz NA, Rock BY, Tian M, Carrigan PT, Liu Y. Possible observation of phase separation near a quantum phase transition in doubly connected ultrathin superconducting cylinders of aluminum. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2005; 95:197003. [PMID: 16384014 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.95.197003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2005] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The kinetic energy of superconducting electrons in an ultrathin, doubly connected superconducting cylinder, determined by the applied flux, increases as the cylinder diameter decreases, leading to a destructive regime around half-flux quanta and a superconductor to normal metal quantum phase transition (QPT). Regular steplike features in resistance versus temperature curves taken at fixed flux values were observed near the QPT in ultrathin Al cylinders. It is proposed that these features are most likely resulting from a phase separation near the QPT in which normal regions nucleate in a homogeneous superconducting cylinder.
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Zhang H, Tian M, Tanada S, Endo K. Rhenium-188-HEDP therapy for the palliation of pain due to osseous metastases in lung cancer patients. J Clin Oncol 2005. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2005.23.16_suppl.8223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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114
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Tian M, Zhang H, Endo K. Whole-body FDG-PET versus Tc-99m MDP bone scintigraphy for detection of bone metastases in patients with lung cancer. J Clin Oncol 2005. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2005.23.16_suppl.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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115
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Tian M, Gramm A, Ritter H, Schiller J, Winter R. A Survey of current Approaches towards Specification and Management of Quality of Service for Web Services. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004. [DOI: 10.1515/piko.2004.132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Zhang H, Yoshikawa K, Tian M, Tamura K, Tanada S, Tsujii H. 11C-Methionine positron emission tomography as an early predictor of outcome in bone and soft tissue sarcomas treated by carbon ion radiotherapy. J Clin Oncol 2004. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2004.22.90140.3098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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117
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Tian M, Zhang H, Li S, Endo K, Tanada S. Rhenium-188 HEDP for the palliation of painful bone metastases. J Clin Oncol 2004. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2004.22.90140.8151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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118
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Tian M, Conway B. Effects of Thiourea on Anodic Dissolution of Au and Surface Oxidation Behaviour in aq HClO4Studied by Means of an EQCN. J APPL ELECTROCHEM 2004. [DOI: 10.1023/b:jach.0000021870.63350.e4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Forrest M, Sun SY, Hajdu R, Bergstrom J, Card D, Doherty G, Hale J, Keohane C, Meyers C, Milligan J, Mills S, Nomura N, Rosen H, Rosenbach M, Shei GJ, Singer II, Tian M, West S, White V, Xie J, Proia RL, Mandala S. Immune cell regulation and cardiovascular effects of sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor agonists in rodents are mediated via distinct receptor subtypes. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2004; 309:758-68. [PMID: 14747617 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.103.062828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 282] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) is a bioactive lysolipid with pleiotropic functions mediated through a family of G protein-coupled receptors, S1P(1,2,3,4,5). Physiological effects of S1P receptor agonists include regulation of cardiovascular function and immunosuppression via redistribution of lymphocytes from blood to secondary lymphoid organs. The phosphorylated metabolite of the immunosuppressant agent FTY720 (2-amino-2-(2-[4-octylphenyl]ethyl)-1,3-propanediol) and other phosphonate analogs with differential receptor selectivity were investigated. No significant species differences in compound potency or rank order of activity on receptors cloned from human, murine, and rat sources were observed. All synthetic analogs were high-affinity agonists on S1P(1), with IC(50) values for ligand binding between 0.3 and 14 nM. The correlation between S1P(1) receptor activation and the ED(50) for lymphocyte reduction was highly significant (p < 0.001) and lower for the other receptors. In contrast to S1P(1)-mediated effects on lymphocyte recirculation, three lines of evidence link S1P(3) receptor activity with acute toxicity and cardiovascular regulation: compound potency on S1P(3) correlated with toxicity and bradycardia; the shift in potency of phosphorylated-FTY720 for inducing lymphopenia versus bradycardia and hypertension was consistent with affinity for S1P(1) relative to S1P(3); and toxicity, bradycardia, and hypertension were absent in S1P(3)(-/-) mice. Blood pressure effects of agonists in anesthetized rats were complex, whereas hypertension was the predominant effect in conscious rats and mice. Immunolocalization of S1P(3) in rodent heart revealed abundant expression on myocytes and perivascular smooth muscle cells consistent with regulation of bradycardia and hypertension, whereas S1P(1) expression was restricted to the vascular endothelium.
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Perera C, Balchin L, Baldwin E, Stanley R, Tian M. Effect of 1-Methylcyclopropene on the Quality of Fresh-cut Apple Slices. J Food Sci 2003. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2621.2003.tb06992.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Tian M, Koyama K, Zhang H, Oriuchi N, Higuchi T, Endo K. Assessment of myocardial viability with a positron coincidence gamma camera using fluorodeoxyglucose in comparison with dedicated PET. Nucl Med Commun 2003; 24:367-74. [PMID: 12673164 DOI: 10.1097/00006231-200304000-00005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The use of dual-head gamma camera modified positron coincidence detection (PCD) is a new, alternative method of 2-[18F]fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (FDG) imaging. This study investigated the potential ability of evaluating myocardial viability in patients with ischaemic heart disease by FDG imaging using PCD. A total of 21 patients (18 male, three female; mean age 59.7+/-8.5 years) with a history of previous myocardial infarction and confirmed coronary angiography underwent FDG PCD and FDG PET after oral glucose loading (75 g). Quantitative analysis was compared between images of FDG PCD and FDG PET. A significant linear correlation between the segmental percentage of FDG uptake obtained by PCD and PET was observed (r=0.63, P<0.001). By receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, using FDG PET as the 'gold standard', at the 50% threshold value in PET, FDG PCD showed a sensitivity of 92% and specificity of 63% in detecting myocardial viability. Regional analysis showed lower agreement of FDG PCD and FDG PET in the inferior (79%) and septal (70%) walls compared with the other walls. Quantitative evaluation of myocardial viability using FDG PCD yielded comparable clinical results in apex, anterior and lateral walls to that of FDG PET. However, the agreement was lower in the inferior and septal walls. Therefore, results of FDG PCD should be carefully interpreted in evaluating myocardial viability in the inferior and septal walls. The application of a measured attenuation correction and scatter correction are needed to improve the detectability of myocardial viability in FDG imaging by coincidence gamma camera.
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Khan N, Oriuchi N, Zhang H, Higuchi T, Tian M, Inoue T, Sato N, Endo K. A comparative study of 11C-choline PET and [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose PET in the evaluation of lung cancer. Nucl Med Commun 2003; 24:359-66. [PMID: 12673163 DOI: 10.1097/00006231-200304000-00004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to compare the diagnostic value of 11C-choline positron emission tomography (PET) and [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET imaging in the detection of primary lung cancer and mediastinal lymph node metastases. Seventeen patients with histologically proven primary lung cancer were examined with both 11C-choline and FDG PET within a week of each study. Lung cancers were analysed visually and semiquantitatively using the ratio of tumour-to-normal radioactivity (T/N ratio) and standardized uptake value (SUV). Mediastinal lymph node metastases were analysed visually. Although both techniques delineated focal lesions with an increase in tracer accumulation in 13 patients, FDG PET identified three additional patients in whom 11C-choline PET did not visualize any lesion. In the detection of lung cancer <2 cm in size, FDG PET provided higher sensitivity (six of seven, 85.7%) than 11C-choline PET (four of seven, 57.1%). The T/N ratio and SUV were significantly higher with FDG PET (T/N ratio, 7.43+/-6.22; SUV, 4.05+/-3.05) than these were with 11C-choline PET (T/N ratio, 2.93+/-1.19; SUV, 2.93+/-0.79) (P<0.001). There was a significant positive correlation between the T/N ratios and SUVs of FDG and 11C-choline. In the assessment of mediastinal lymph node involvement, FDG PET detected lymph node metastases in two patients who were negative on 11C-choline PET, whereas both techniques could not detect tumour involvement in one patient. Both techniques have clinical value for the non-invasive detection of primary lung cancer that is 2 cm or greater in size. However, FDG PET is superior to 11C-choline PET in the detection of lung cancer that is less than 2 cm in diameter and in mediastinal lymph node metastases.
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Zhang H, Tian M, Oriuchi N, Higuchi T, Watanabe H, Aoki J, Tanada S, Endo K. 11C-choline PET for the detection of bone and soft tissue tumours in comparison with FDG PET. Nucl Med Commun 2003; 24:273-9. [PMID: 12612468 DOI: 10.1097/00006231-200303000-00007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
We assessed and compared the usefulness of C-choline positron emission tomography (PET) with that of 2-[ F]fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (FDG) PET for the differentiation between benign and malignant bone and soft tissue tumours. A total of 43 patients with 45 lesions were included. C-choline PET and FDG PET were performed from 5 and 40 min, respectively, after injection of 275-370 MBq tracer. PET data were evaluated by using the standardized uptake value (SUV) and were analysed according to the pathological data. C-choline uptake in malignancies was 4.9+/-2.1 (n=14), which was significantly higher than that in benign lesions (2.5+/-1.7, n=31) (P <0.0001). The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of C-choline PET were 100%, 64.5% and 75.6%, respectively, when 2.59 of the SUV was used as the cut-off value. The FDG uptake in malignancies was 5.1+/-4.2 (n=14) and was also significantly larger than that in benign lesions 2.9+/-2.9 (n=31) (P<0.003). The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of FDG PET were 85.7%, 41.9% and 55.6%, respectively (cut-off=1.83). The C-choline uptake in the lesions correlated with FDG uptake ( r=0.61, P<0.003). In receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, the area under the ROC curve for C-choline PET (area=0.847) was higher than that for FDG PET (area=0.717). This study showed that C-choline PET was superior to FDG PET in differentiation between malignant and benign lesion in bone and soft tissue tumours. C-choline PET might be useful as a screening method for malignant bone and soft tissue tumours.
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Linden AM, Johnson BG, Peters SC, Shannon HE, Tian M, Wang Y, Yu JL, Köster A, Baez M, Schoepp DD. Increased anxiety-related behavior in mice deficient for metabotropic glutamate 8 (mGlu8) receptor. Neuropharmacology 2002; 43:251-9. [PMID: 12213279 DOI: 10.1016/s0028-3908(02)00079-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Pre-synaptic metabotropic glutamate (mGlu) receptors modulate neuronal excitability by controlling glutamate and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) release. The mGlu8 receptor is predominantly found in pre-synaptic terminals and its expression is highly restricted. To study the role of this receptor, mGlu8 receptor-deficient mice were generated. Here we report that naïve mGlu8 receptor-deficient mice showed increased anxiety-related behavior in the elevated plus maze in low illumination conditions (red light). Open arm avoidance and risk assessment behavior were both significantly increased in mutant mice. Increased stressfulness of the testing conditions abolished this behavioral difference. Fluorescent light or prior restraint stress decreased the open arm activity of wild-type mice, while the open arm activity of mutant mice was essentially unaffected, leading to similar values in both strains. The total number of arm entries or closed arm entries was not significantly different between strains, indicating that the lack of mGlu8 receptor does not affect locomotor activity. No gross behavioral changes, or changes in the function of the autonomic nervous system or somatomotor systems were observed in mutant mice. Moreover, no significant differences in seizure susceptibility were detected between strains. Our results suggest that mGlu8 receptor may play a role in responses to novel stressful environment.
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Tian M, Yi X, Zeng X, Zeng Q, Peng X. [Cross-protection against Schistosoma japonicum infection in mice immunized with Trichinella spiralis muscle larva antigen]. ZHONGGUO JI SHENG CHONG XUE YU JI SHENG CHONG BING ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF PARASITOLOGY & PARASITIC DISEASES 2002; 16:411-4. [PMID: 12078284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
AIM To explore the cross-protection against S. japonicum cercaria challenge in mice immunized with T. spiralis larva antigen. METHODS Groups of BALB/c mice were immunized with 4 preparations of T. spiralis larva antigen, respectively. Vaccinated mice were then challenged with 30 and 100 S. japonicum cercariae, respectively. Forty-five days later, all mice were sacrificed and examined for adult worm burden, liver and stool egg count. RESULTS All groups of mice immunized with 4 preparations of T. spiralis larvae antigen without adjuvant showed significant protection against S. japonicum. Among these antigen preparations, the soluble antigen (TsLSA) presented highest protection with reductions in worm burden and liver and stool egg counts of 21.3%, 48.0% and 58.5%, respectively. When mice were immunized with TsLSA plus Freunds complete adjuvant (FCA) or with double-dose of the antigen, the worm reduction rate was increased to 29.3% and 39.6%, respectively. CONCLUSION Different preparations of T. spiralis muscle larva antigen could induce protection against S. japonicum in mice.
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