Azimuthal Correlations within Exclusive Dijets with Large Momentum Transfer in Photon-Lead Collisions

The structure of nucleons is multidimensional and depends on the transverse momenta, spatial geometry, and polarization of the constituent partons. Such a structure can be studied using high-energy photons produced in ultraperipheral heavy-ion collisions. The first measurement of the azimuthal angular correlations of exclusively produced events with two jets in photon-lead interactions at large momentum transfer is presented, a process that is considered to be sensitive to the underlying nuclear gluon polarization. This study uses a data sample of ultraperipheral lead-lead collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=5.02  TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 0.38  nb^{-1}, collected with the CMS experiment at the LHC. The measured second harmonic of the correlation between the sum and difference of the two jet transverse momentum vectors is found to be positive, and rising, as the dijet transverse momentum increases. A well-tuned model that has been successful at describing a wide range of proton scattering data from the HERA experiments fails to describe the observed correlations, suggesting the presence of gluon polarization effects.

Promotion of hepatic stellate cell activation and liver fibrosis by microRNA-33a-5p through targeting the Dickkopf-1-mediated wingless-related integration site/beta-catenin pathway

Liver fibrosis occurs in response to chronic liver injury and is characterized by the production of excess extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins, largely by activated hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). Numerous studies have implicated micro-ribonucleic acids (miRNAs) in liver fibrosis, but the mechanisms remain unclear. Herein, HSC activation by miR-33a-5p during hepatic fibrosis was investigated. The miR-33a-5p was increased in the fibrotic mice and activated HSCs. AntagomiR-33a-5p inhibited HSC activation, proliferation, and migration in vitro, while simultaneously inducing apoptosis. The luciferase reporter assays indicated that the miR-33a-5p bound to the three prime untranslated region (3'UTR) of Dickkopf-1 (DKK1). Further investigation revealed that the miR-33a-5p targeted DKK1-modulated wingless-related integration site (Wnt)/β-catenin signaling directly to control hepatic fibrosis. Notably, the mice treated with antgomiR-33a-5p exhibited increased expression of DKK1 and reduced expression of fibrosis markers, along with reduced fibrosis. The RNA was isolated from activated and quiescent LX-2 cells and subsequently sequenced. Transcriptomic and bioinformatic analyses indicated strong downregulation of DKK1 during LX-2 cell activation. This paper presents the first demonstration of the miR-33a-5p-mediated modulation of liver fibrosis, with miR-33a-5p found to interact with DKK1, leading to regulation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling. The transcriptomic changes occurring during HSC activation were also defined. Overall, the findings suggest that both miR-33a-5p and DKK1 may be useful targets for treating liver fibrosis.

[Associations between serum GDF15 and glycolipid metabolism disorder in metabolic associated fatty liver patients]

Objective: To investigate relationships between serum growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) and glycolipid metabolism in patients with metabolic associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD). Methods: The current investigation was a cross-sectional study. A total of 333 patients from the Fengxian District Central Hospital were recruited into the study after physical examination from February 2020 to February 2021. There were 107 patients with MAFLD and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), including 54 males and 53 females with a mean age of (57±11) years. There were 65 patients with simple MAFLD only, including 32 men and 33 women with a mean age of (49±5) years. There were 105 patients with T2DM only, including 53 men and 52 women, with a mean age of (56±10) years. A control group of 56 people without MAFLD or diabetes,28 male, 28 female, mean age (48±6) years, was also included in the study. Serum GDF15 was measured via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. IBM SPSS 26.0 was used for statistical analysis. Logistic regression was used to evaluate relationships between GDF15 and metabolic abnormalities in MAFLD patients. Results: GDF15 progressively increased in the control [385 (296, 484) ng/L], nonobese MAFLD [388 (319, 435) ng/L], obese MAFLD [426 (354, 527) ng/L], T2DM [664 (483, 900) ng/L], and MAFLD+T2DM groups [770 (560, 1 074) ng/L](H=113.82, P=0.001). There was no significant difference in serum GDF15 between the simple MAFLD [406 (339, 524) ng/L] and control group (U=1 505.50, P=0.132). GDF15 was significantly higher in the MAFLD+T2DM group than in the T2DM-only group (U=4 573.50, P=0.019). In logistic regression analysis increased GDF15 was associated with increased risks of simple MAFLD [odds ratio (OR)=2.202], T2DM (OR=29.656), and MAFLD+T2DM(OR=58.197). In patients with MAFLD, serum GDF15 was higher in the FIB4 index>1.45 group [773 (534, 1 162) ng/L] than in the FIB4 index<1.45 group [527 (389, 787) ng/L] (U=1 709.50, P<0.001). Increased GDF15 was associated with an increased risk of advanced liver fibrosis (OR=2.388). Conclusion: In patients with simple MAFLD, GDF15 level was not significantly higher than in the control group. In the T2DM-only group and the MAFLD+T2DM group GDF15 was significantly higher than in the control group. Increased serum GDF15 was associated with increased risk and severity of MAFLD complicated with abnormal glucose and lipid metabolism. High GDF15 increased the risk of advanced fibrosis in MAFLD patients.

First Observation of a Doubly Charged Tetraquark and Its Neutral Partner

A combined amplitude analysis is performed for the decays B^{0}→D[over ¯]^{0}D_{s}^{+}π^{-} and B^{+}→D^{-}D_{s}^{+}π^{+}, which are related by isospin symmetry. The analysis is based on data collected by the LHCb detector in proton-proton collisions at center-of-mass energies of 7, 8, and 13 TeV. The full data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 9  fb^{-1}. Two new resonant states with masses of 2.908±0.011±0.020  GeV and widths of 0.136±0.023±0.013  GeV are observed, which decay to D_{s}^{+}π^{+} and D_{s}^{+}π^{-} respectively. The former state indicates the first observation of a doubly charged open-charm tetraquark state with minimal quark content [cs[over ¯]ud[over ¯]], and the latter state is a neutral tetraquark composed of [cs[over ¯]u[over ¯]d] quarks. Both states are found to have spin-parity of 0^{+}, and their resonant parameters are consistent with each other, which suggests that they belong to an isospin triplet.

Measurement of the J/ψ Polarization with Respect to the Event Plane in Pb-Pb Collisions at the LHC

We study the polarization of inclusive J/ψ produced in Pb-Pb collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=5.02  TeV at the LHC in the dimuon channel, via the measurement of the angular distribution of its decay products. We perform the study in the rapidity region 2.5 Collapse

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Search for Rare Decays of D^{0} Mesons into Two Muons

A search for the very rare D^{0}→μ^{+}μ^{-} decay is performed using data collected by the LHCb experiment in proton-proton collisions at sqrt[s]=7, 8, and 13 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 9  fb^{-1}. The search is optimized for D^{0} mesons from D^{*+}→D^{0}π^{+} decays but is also sensitive to D^{0} mesons from other sources. No evidence for an excess of events over the expected background is observed. An upper limit on the branching fraction of this decay is set at B(D^{0}→μ^{+}μ^{-})<3.1×10^{-9} at a 90% C.L. This represents the world's most stringent limit, constraining models of physics beyond the standard model.

First Measurement of Antideuteron Number Fluctuations at Energies Available at the Large Hadron Collider

The first measurement of event-by-event antideuteron number fluctuations in high energy heavy-ion collisions is presented. The measurements are carried out at midrapidity (|η|<0.8) as a function of collision centrality in Pb-Pb collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=5.02  TeV using the ALICE detector. A significant negative correlation between the produced antiprotons and antideuterons is observed in all collision centralities. The results are compared with a state-of-the-art coalescence calculation. While it describes the ratio of higher order cumulants of the antideuteron multiplicity distribution, it fails to describe quantitatively the magnitude of the correlation between antiproton and antideuteron production. On the other hand, thermal-statistical model calculations describe all the measured observables within uncertainties only for correlation volumes that are different with respect to those describing proton yields and a similar measurement of net-proton number fluctuations.

Enhanced Deuteron Coalescence Probability in Jets

The transverse-momentum (p_{T}) spectra and coalescence parameters B_{2} of (anti)deuterons are measured in p-p collisions at sqrt[s]=13  TeV for the first time in and out of jets. In this measurement, the direction of the leading particle with the highest p_{T} in the event (p_{T}^{lead}>5  GeV/c) is used as an approximation for the jet axis. The event is consequently divided into three azimuthal regions, and the jet signal is obtained as the difference between the toward region, that contains jet fragmentation products in addition to the underlying event (UE), and the transverse region, which is dominated by the UE. The coalescence parameter in the jet is found to be approximately a factor of 10 larger than that in the underlying event. This experimental observation is consistent with the coalescence picture and can be attributed to the smaller average phase-space distance between nucleons in the jet cone as compared with the underlying event. The results presented in this Letter are compared to predictions from a simple nucleon coalescence model, where the phase-space distributions of nucleons are generated using pythia8 with the Monash 2013 tuning, and to predictions from a deuteron production model based on ordinary nuclear reactions with parametrized energy-dependent cross sections tuned on data. The latter model is implemented in pythia8.3. Both models reproduce the observed large difference between in-jet and out-of-jet coalescence parameters, although the almost flat trend of the B_{2}^{Jet} is not reproduced by the models, which instead give a decreasing trend.

Nuclear Modification Factor of Neutral Pions in the Forward and Backward Regions in p-Pb Collisions

The nuclear modification factor of neutral pions is measured in proton-lead collisions collected at a center-of-mass energy per nucleon of 8.16 TeV with the LHCb detector. The π^{0} production cross section is measured differentially in transverse momentum (p_{T}) for 1.5 Collapse

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Observation of a J/ψΛ Resonance Consistent with a Strange Pentaquark Candidate in B^{-}→J/ψΛp[over ¯] Decays

An amplitude analysis of B^{-}→J/ψΛp[over ¯] decays is performed using 4400 signal candidates selected on a data sample of pp collisions recorded at center-of-mass energies of 7, 8, and 13 TeV with the LHCb detector, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 9  fb^{-1}. A narrow resonance in the J/ψΛ system, consistent with a pentaquark candidate with strangeness, is observed with high significance. The mass and the width of this new state are measured to be 4338.2±0.7±0.4  MeV and 7.0±1.2±1.3  MeV, where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second systematic. The spin is determined to be 1/2 and negative parity is preferred. Because of the small Q-value of the reaction, the most precise single measurement of the B^{-} mass to date, 5279.44±0.05±0.07  MeV, is obtained.

[Feasibility and safety of one-stage bilateral video-assisted thoracic surgery for resection of bilateral multiple pulmonary nodules]

OBJECTIVE

To evaluate the feasibility and safety of one- stage bilateral video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) for resection of bilateral multiple pulmonary nodules (BMPNs).

METHODS

We analyzed the clinical characteristics, pathological features, perioperative outcomes and follow-up data of 41 patients with BMPNs undergoing one-stage bilateral VATS from July, 2011 to August, 2021.

RESULTS

One-stage bilateral VATS was performed uneventfully in 40 of the patients, and conversion to open surgery occurred in 1 case. The surgical approaches included bilateral lobectomy (4.9%), lobar-sublobar resection (36.6%) and sublobar-sublobar resection (58.5%) with a mean operative time of 196.3±54.5 min, a mean blood loss of 224.6±139.5 mL, a mean thoracic drainage duration of 4.7±1.1 days and a mean hospital stay of 14±3.8 days. Pathological examination revealed bilateral primary lung cancer in 15 cases, unilateral primary lung cancer in 21 cases and bilateral benign lesions in 5 cases. A total of 112 pulmonary nodules were resected, including 67 malignant and 45 benign lesions. Postoperative complications included pulmonary infection (5 cases), respiratory failure (2 cases), asthma attack (2 cases), atrial fibrillation (2 cases), and drug-induced liver injury (1 case). No perioperative death occurred in these patients, who had a 1-year survival rate of 97.6%.

CONCLUSION

With appropriate preoperative screening and perioperative management, one-stage bilateral VATS is feasible and safe for resection of BMPNs.

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Yu PR, Asavapibhop B, Asawatangtrakuldee C, Srimanobhas N, Boran F, Damarseckin S, Demiroglu ZS, Dolek F, Dumanoglu I, Eskut E, Guler Y, Guler EG, Hos I, Isik C, Kara O, Topaksu AK, Kiminsu U, Onengut G, Ozdemir K, Polatoz A, Simsek AE, Tali B, Tok UG, Turkcapar S, Zorbakir IS, Zorbilmez C, Isildak B, Karapinar G, Ocalan K, Yalvac M, Akgun B, Atakisi IO, Gülmez E, Kaya M, Kaya O, Özçelik Ö, Tekten S, Yetkin EA, Cakir A, Cankocak K, Komurcu Y, Sen S, Cerci S, Kaynak B, Ozkorucuklu S, Cerci DS, Grynyov B, Levchuk L, Anthony D, Bhal E, Bologna S, Brooke JJ, Bundock A, Clement E, Cussans D, Flacher H, Goldstein J, Heath GP, Heath HF, Holmberg ML, Kreczko L, Krikler B, Paramesvaran S, Nasr-Storey SSE, Smith VJ, Stylianou N, Pass KW, White R, Bell KW, Belyaev A, Brew C, Brown RM, Cockerill DJA, Cooke C, Ellis KV, Harder K, Harper S, Linacre J, Manolopoulos K, Newbold DM, Olaiya E, Petyt D, Reis T, Schuh T, Shepherd-Themistocleous CH, Tomalin IR, Williams T, Bainbridge R, Bloch P, Bonomally S, Borg J, Breeze S, Buchmuller O, Cepaitis V, Chahal GS, Colling D, Dauncey P, Davies G, Negra MD, Fayer S, Fedi G, Hall G, Hassanshahi MH, Iles G, Langford J, Lyons L, Magnan AM, Malik S, Martelli A, Monk DG, Nash J, Pesaresi M, Raymond DM, Richards A, Rose A, Scott E, Seez C, Shtipliyski A, Tapper A, Uchida K, Virdee T, Vojinovic M, Wardle N, Webb SN, Winterbottom D, Coldham K, Cole JE, Khan A, Kyberd P, Reid ID, Teodorescu L, Zahid S, Abdullin S, Brinkerhoff A, Caraway B, Dittmann J, Hatakeyama K, Kanuganti AR, McMaster B, Pastika N, Saunders M, Sawant S, Sutantawibul C, Wilson J, Bartek R, Dominguez A, Uniyal R, Hernandez AMV, Buccilli A, Cooper SI, Croce DD, Gleyzer SV, Henderson C, Perez CU, Rumerio P, West C, Akpinar A, Albert A, Arcaro D, Cosby C, Demiragli Z, Fontanesi E, Gastler D, Rohlf J, Salyer K, Sperka D, Spitzbart D, Suarez I, Tsatsos A, Yuan S, Zou D, Benelli G, Burkle B, Coubez X, Cutts D, Hadley M, Heintz U, Hogan JM, Landsberg G, Lau KT, Lukasik M, Luo J, Narain M, 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JM, Lu N, Mao J, Newman HB, Nguyen TQ, Spiropulu M, Vlimant JR, Wang C, Xie S, Zhang Z, Zhu RY, Alison J, An S, Andrews MB, Bryant P, Ferguson T, Harilal A, Liu C, Mudholkar T, Paulini M, Sanchez A, Terrill W, Cumalat JP, Ford WT, Hassani A, MacDonald E, Patel R, Perloff A, Savard C, Stenson K, Ulmer KA, Wagner SR, Alexander J, Bright-Thonney S, Cheng Y, Cranshaw DJ, Hogan S, Monroy J, Patterson JR, Quach D, Reichert J, Reid M, Ryd A, Sun W, Thom J, Wittich P, Zou R, Albrow M, Alyari M, Apollinari G, Apresyan A, Apyan A, Banerjee S, Bauerdick LAT, Berry D, Berryhill J, Bhat PC, Burkett K, Butler JN, Canepa A, Cerati GB, Cheung HWK, Chlebana F, Cremonesi M, Di Petrillo KF, Elvira VD, Feng Y, Freeman J, Gecse Z, Gray L, Green D, Grünendahl S, Gutsche O, Harris RM, Heller R, Herwig TC, Hirschauer J, Jayatilaka B, Jindariani S, Johnson M, Joshi U, Klijnsma T, Klima B, Kwok KHM, Lammel S, Lincoln D, Lipton R, Liu T, Madrid C, Maeshima K, Mantilla C, Mason D, McBride P, Merkel P, Mrenna S, Nahn S, Ngadiuba J, O’Dell V, Papadimitriou V, Pedro K, Pena C, Prokofyev O, Ravera F, Hall AR, Ristori L, Schneider B, Sexton-Kennedy E, Smith N, Soha A, Spalding WJ, Spiegel L, Strait J, Taylor L, Tkaczyk S, Tran NV, Uplegger L, Vaandering EW, Weber HA, Acosta D, Avery P, Bourilkov D, Cadamuro L, Cherepanov V, Errico F, Field RD, Guerrero D, Joshi BM, Kim M, Koenig E, Konigsberg J, Korytov A, Lo KH, Matchev K, Menendez N, Mitselmakher G, Madhu AM, Rawal N, Rosenzweig D, Rosenzweig S, Shi K, Sturdy J, Wang J, Yigitbasi E, Zuo X, Adams T, Askew A, Habibullah R, Hagopian V, Johnson KF, Khurana R, Kolberg T, Martinez G, Prosper H, Schiber C, Viazlo O, Yohay R, Zhang J, Baarmand MM, Butalla S, Elkafrawy T, Hohlmann M, Verma RK, Noonan D, Rahmani M, Yumiceva F, Adams MR, Gonzalez HB, Cavanaugh R, Chen X, Dittmer S, Evdokimov O, Gerber CE, Hangal DA, Hofman DJ, Merrit AH, Mills C, Oh G, Roy T, Rudrabhatla S, Tonjes MB, Varelas N, Viinikainen J, Wang X, Wu Z, Ye Z, Alhusseini M, Dilsiz K, Gandrajula RP, Köseyan OK, Merlo JP, Mestvirishvili A, Nachtman J, Ogul H, Onel Y, Penzo A, Snyder C, Tiras E, Amram O, Blumenfeld B, Corcodilos L, Davis J, Eminizer M, Gritsan AV, Kyriacou S, Maksimovic P, Roskes J, Swartz M, Vámi TÁ, Abreu A, Anguiano J, Barrera CB, Baringer P, Bean A, Bylinkin A, Flowers Z, Isidori T, Khalil S, King J, Krintiras G, Kropivnitskaya A, Lazarovits M, Lindsey C, Marquez J, Minafra N, Murray M, Nickel M, Rogan C, Royon C, Salvatico R, Sanders S, Schmitz E, Smith C, Takaki JDT, Wang Q, Warner Z, Williams J, Wilson G, Duric S, Ivanov A, Kaadze K, Kim D, Maravin Y, Mitchell T, Modak A, Nam K, Rebassoo F, Wright D, Adams E, Baden A, Baron O, Belloni A, Eno SC, Hadley NJ, Jabeen S, Kellogg RG, Koeth T, Mignerey AC, Nabili S, Palmer C, Seidel M, Skuja A, Wang L, Wong K, Abercrombie D, Andreassi G, Bi R, Brandt S, Busza W, Cali IA, Chen Y, D’Alfonso M, Eysermans J, Freer C, Gomez-Ceballos G, Goncharov M, Harris P, Hu M, Klute M, Kovalskyi D, Krupa J, Lee YJ, Maier B, Mironov C, Paus C, Rankin D, Roland C, Roland G, Shi Z, Stephans GSF, Wang J, Wang Z, Wyslouch B, Chatterjee RM, Evans A, Hansen P, Hiltbrand J, Jain S, Krohn M, Kubota Y, Mans J, Revering M, Rusack R, Saradhy R, Schroeder N, Strobbe N, Wadud MA, Bloom K, Bryson M, Chauhan S, Claes DR, Fangmeier C, Finco L, Golf F, Joo C, Kravchenko I, Musich M, Reed I, Siado JE, Snow GR, Tabb W, Yan F, Zecchinelli AG, Agarwal G, Bandyopadhyay H, Hay L, Iashvili I, Kharchilava A, McLean C, Nguyen D, Pekkanen J, Rappoccio S, Williams A, Alverson G, Barberis E, Haddad Y, Hortiangtham A, Li J, Madigan G, Marzocchi B, Morse DM, Nguyen V, Orimoto T, Parker A, Skinnari L, Tishelman-Charny A, Wamorkar T, Wang B, Wisecarver A, Wood D, Bhattacharya S, Bueghly J, Chen Z, Gilbert A, Gunter T, Hahn KA, Liu Y, Odell N, Schmitt MH, Velasco M, Band R, Bucci R, Das A, Dev N, Goldouzian R, Hildreth M, Anampa KH, Jessop C, Lannon K, Lawrence J, Loukas N, Lutton L, Marinelli N, Mcalister I, McCauley T, Mcgrady C, Meng F, Mohrman K, Musienko Y, Ruchti R, Siddireddy P, Townsend A, Wayne M, Wightman A, Wolf M, Zarucki M, Zygala L, Bylsma B, Cardwell B, Durkin LS, Francis B, Hill C, Ornelas MN, Wei K, Winer BL, Yates BR, Addesa FM, Bonham B, Das P, Dezoort G, Elmer P, Frankenthal A, Greenberg B, Haubrich N, Higginbotham S, Kalogeropoulos A, Kopp G, Kwan S, Lange D, Lucchini MT, Marlow D, Mei K, Ojalvo I, Olsen J, Stickland D, Tully C, Malik S, Norberg S, Bakshi AS, Barnes VE, Chawla R, Das S, Gutay L, Jones M, Jung AW, Karmarkar S, Liu M, Negro G, Neumeister N, Paspalaki G, Peng CC, Piperov S, Purohit A, Schulte JF, Stojanovic M, Thieman J, Wang F, Xiao R, Xie W, Dolen J, Parashar N, Baty A, Decaro M, Dildick S, Ecklund KM, Freed S, Gardner P, Geurts FJM, Kumar A, Li W, Padley BP, Redjimi R, Shi W, Leiton AGS, Yang S, Zhang L, Zhang Y, Bodek A, de Barbaro P, Demina R, Dulemba JL, Fallon C, Ferbel T, Galanti M, Garcia-Bellido A, Hindrichs O, Khukhunaishvili A, Ranken E, Taus R, Chiarito B, Chou JP, Gandrakota A, Gershtein Y, Halkiadakis E, Hart A, Heindl M, Karacheban O, Laflotte I, Lath A, Montalvo R, Nash K, Osherson M, Salur S, Schnetzer S, Somalwar S, Stone R, Thayil SA, Thomas S, Wang H, Acharya H, Delannoy AG, Fiorendi S, Spanier S, Bouhali O, Dalchenko M, Delgado A, Eusebi R, Gilmore J, Huang T, Kamon T, Kim H, Luo S, Malhotra S, Mueller R, Overton D, Rathjens D, Safonov A, Akchurin N, Damgov J, Hegde V, Kunori S, Lamichhane K, Lee SW, Mengke T, Muthumuni S, Peltola T, Volobouev I, Wang Z, Whitbeck A, Appelt E, Greene S, Gurrola A, Johns W, Melo A, Ni H, Padeken K, Romeo F, Sheldon P, Tuo S, Velkovska J, Arenton MW, Cox B, Cummings G, Hakala J, Hirosky R, Joyce M, Ledovskoy A, Li A, Neu C, Tannenwald B, White S, Wolfe E, Poudyal N, Black K, Bose T, Caillol C, Dasu S, De Bruyn I, Everaerts P, Fienga F, Galloni C, He H, Herndon M, Hervé A, Hussain U, Lanaro A, Loeliger A, Loveless R, Sreekala JM, Mallampalli A, Mohammadi A, Pinna D, Savin A, Shang V, Sharma V, Smith WH, Teague D, Trembath-Reichert S, Vetens W, Afanasiev S, Andreev V, Andreev Y, Aushev T, Azarkin M, Babaev A, Belyaev A, Blinov V, Boos E, Borshch V, Budkouski D, Bunichev V, Chadeeva M, Dermenev A, Dimova T, Dremin I, Dubinin M, Dudko L, Dydyshka Y, Epshteyn V, Gavrilov G, Gavrilov V, Gninenko S, Golovtcov V, Golubev N, Golutvin I, Gorbunov I, Ivanchenko V, Ivanov Y, Kachanov V, Kardapoltsev L, Karjavine V, Karneyeu A, Kim V, Kirakosyan M, Kirpichnikov D, Kirsanov M, Klyukhin V, Kodolova O, Konstantinov D, Korenkov V, Kozyrev A, Krasnikov N, Kuznetsova E, Lanev A, Lukina O, Lychkovskaya N, Makarenko V, Malakhov A, Matveev V, Mossolov V, Murzin V, Nikitenko A, Obraztsov S, Okhotnikov V, Oreshkin V, Ovtin I, Palichik V, Parygin P, Pashenkov A, Perelygin V, Perfilov M, Pivovarov G, Popov V, Popova E, Savina M, Savrin V, Seitova D, Selivanova D, Shalaev V, Shmatov S, Shulha S, Skovpen Y, Slabospitskii S, Smirnov I, Smirnov V, Snigirev A, Sosnov D, Spiridonov A, Stepennov A, Sulimov V, Tcherniaev E, Terkulov A, Teryaev O, Tlisov D, Toms M, Toropin A, Uvarov L, Uzunian A, Vlasov E, Volkov S, Vorobyev A, Voytishin N, Yuldashev BS, Zarubin A, Zhemchugov E, Zhizhin I, Zhokin A. Measurement of the mass dependence of the transverse momentum of lepton pairs in Drell-Yan production in proton-proton collisions at s=13TeV

The double differential cross sections of the Drell-Yan lepton pair (ℓ + ℓ - , dielectron or dimuon) production are measured as functions of the invariant mass m ℓ ℓ , transverse momentum p T ( ℓ ℓ ) , and φ η ∗ . The φ η ∗ observable, derived from angular measurements of the leptons and highly correlated with p T ( ℓ ℓ ) , is used to probe the low-p T ( ℓ ℓ ) region in a complementary way. Dilepton masses up to 1Te V are investigated. Additionally, a measurement is performed requiring at least one jet in the final state. To benefit from partial cancellation of the systematic uncertainty, the ratios of the differential cross sections for various m ℓ ℓ ranges to those in the Z mass peak interval are presented. The collected data correspond to an integrated luminosity of 36.3fb - 1 of proton-proton collisions recorded with the CMS detector at the LHC at a centre-of-mass energy of 13Te V . Measurements are compared with predictions based on perturbative quantum chromodynamics, including soft-gluon resummation.

[Comparative study of surgical effects on patients with mixed deafness and otosclerosis with different air bone conduction differences]

Objective: To analyze the surgical efficacy of patients with mixed hearing loss and otosclerosis with different air bone gap (ABG) before surgery, and to provide reference for the prognosis evaluation of otosclerosis surgery. Methods: The clinical data of 108 cases(116 ears) of otosclerosis who had undergone stapes fenestration technique artificial stapes implantation in Xiangya Hospital of Central South University from November 2013 to May 2020 and had mixed hearing loss before surgery were collected, including 71 women(76 ears)and 37 men (40 ears), with an average age of 38.5 years. According to preoperative pure tone audiometry ABG, they were divided into three groups: group S, 15 dB≤ABG<31 dB, a total of 39 ears; group M, 31 dB≤ABG<46 dB, a total of 58 ears; and group L, ABG≥46 dB, 19 ears in total. The hearing outcomes of three groups of patients at 6-12 months after surgery were compared and analyzed using SPSS 24.0 statistical software. Results: A total of 3 patients (group S: 2 cases; group L: 1 case) experienced severe sensorineural hearing loss after surgery and were not included in the statistical analysis. After surgery, the pure tone hearing threshold of patients with otosclerosis in each group was significantly improved compared to before surgery, with an average air conduction threshold improvement of(21.6±13.4) dB. The difference between before and after surgery was statistically significant(t=17.13, P<0.01). The average bone conduction threshold improved by(3.7±7.6) dB, and the difference was statistically significant before and after surgery(t=5.20, P<0.01). The postoperative ABG was(18.3±9.3) dB, which was significantly reduced compared to preoperative(36.2±8.6)dB. Among the three groups of patients, the L group had the highest improvement in air conduction threshold[(29.9±10.8)dB], while the S group had the lowest improvement[(15.7±11.4)dB]. There was no statistically significant difference in post operative pure tone hearing thresholds between the three groups(P>0.05). The postoperative ABG in group S was the smallest[(16.5±9.0)dB], while in group L, the postoperative ABG was the largest[(20.5±10.0)dB]. Compared with group S, group M and group L still had a large residual ABG at 2 000 Hz after surgery. The bone conduction threshold of both S and M groups improved to some extent after surgery compared to before (P<0.01). Conclusions: Surgery can benefit patients with mixed hearing loss and otosclerosis with different preoperative ABG. Patients with small preoperative ABG have better surgical results and ideal ABG closure at all frequencies after surgery. Patients with large preoperative ABG can significantly increase the gas conduction threshold during surgery, but certain frequencies of ABG may still be left behind after surgery. The improvement effect of surgery on bone conduction threshold is not significant. Patients should be informed of treatment methods such as hearing aids based on their actual situation for selection.

Fabrication and Performance of a Ta2O5 Thin Film pH Sensor Manufactured Using MEMS Processes

In this work, a capacitive pH sensor consisting of Ta₂O₅ functional film is designed and fabricated by employing MEMS-based procedures. The Ta₂O₅ thin film has an amorphous microstructure, and its surface roughness is less than 3.17 nm. A signal processing circuit and a software filtering algorithm are also designed to measure the pH value, thus improving the detection accuracy and anti-interference ability. Good linearity (R² = 0.99904) and sensitivity (63.12 mV/pH) are recorded for the proposed sensing element in the range of pH 2~12. In addition, the sensor's drift and hysteresis are equal to 5.1 mV and 5.8 mV, respectively. The enhanced sensing performance in combination with the facile miniaturization process, low fabrication cost, and suitability for mass production render the fabricated sensor attractive for applications where pH change measurements in a water environment are required.

Nuclear lamina erosion-induced resurrection of endogenous retroviruses underlies neuronal aging

The primate frontal lobe (FL) is sensitive to aging-related neurocognitive decline. However, the aging-associated molecular mechanisms remain unclear. Here, using physiologically aged non-human primates (NHPs), we depicted a comprehensive landscape of FL aging with multidimensional profiling encompassing bulk and single-nucleus transcriptomes, quantitative proteome, and DNA methylome. Conjoint analysis across these molecular and neuropathological layers underscores nuclear lamina and heterochromatin erosion, resurrection of endogenous retroviruses (ERVs), activated pro-inflammatory cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) signaling, and cellular senescence in post-mitotic neurons of aged NHP and human FL. Using human embryonic stem-cell-derived neurons recapitulating cellular aging in vitro, we verified the loss of B-type lamins inducing resurrection of ERVs as an initiating event of the aging-bound cascade in post-mitotic neurons. Of significance, these aging-related cellular and molecular changes can be alleviated by abacavir, a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor, either through direct treatment of senescent human neurons in vitro or oral administration to aged mice.

[Predictive value of left ventricular ejection fraction reserve assessed by SPECT G-MPI for major adverse cardiovascular event in patients with coronary artery disease]

Objective: To evaluate the prognostic value of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) reserve assessed by gated SPECT myocardial perfusion imaging (SPECT G-MPI) for major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE) in patients with coronary artery disease. Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study. From January 2017 to December 2019, patients with coronary artery disease and confirmed myocardial ischemia by stress and rest SPECT G-MPI, and underwent coronary angiography within 3 months were enrolled. The sum stress score (SSS) and sum resting score (SRS) were analyzed by the standard 17-segment model, and the sum difference score (SDS, SDS=SSS-SRS) was calculated. The LVEF at stress and rest were analyzed by 4DM software. The LVEF reserve (ΔLVEF) was calculated (ΔLVEF=stress LVEF-rest LVEF). The primary endpoint was MACE, which was obtained by reviewing the medical record system or by telephone follow-up once every twelve months. Patients were divided into MACE-free and MACE groups. Spearman correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between ΔLVEF and all MPI parameters. Cox regression analysis was used to analyze the independent factors of MACE, and the optimal SDS cutoff value for predicting MACE was determined by receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC). Kaplan-Meier survival curves were plotted to compare the difference in the incidence of MACE between different SDS groups and different ΔLVEF groups. Results: A total of 164 patients with coronary artery disease [120 male; age (58.6±10.7) years] were included. The average follow-up time was (26.5±10.4) months, and a total of 30 MACE were recorded during follow-up. Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that SDS (HR=1.069, 95%CI: 1.005-1.137, P=0.035) and ΔLVEF (HR=0.935, 95%CI: 0.878-0.995, P=0.034) were independent predictors of MACE. According to ROC curve analysis, the optimal cut-off to predict MACE was a SDS of 5.5 with an area under the curve of 0.63 (P=0.022). Survival analysis showed that the incidence of MACE was significantly higher in the SDS≥5.5 group than in the SDS<5.5 group (27.6% vs. 13.2%, P=0.019), but the incidence of MACE was significantly lower in the ΔLVEF≥0 group than in theΔLVEF<0 group (11.0% vs. 25.6%, P=0.022). Conclusions: LVEF reserve (ΔLVEF) assessed by SPECT G-MPI serves as an independent protective factor for MACE, while SDS is an independent risk predictor in patients with coronary artery disease. SPECT G-MPI is valuable for risk stratification by assessing myocardial ischemia and LVEF.

Measurements of the Elliptic and Triangular Azimuthal Anisotropies in Central ^{3}He+Au, d+Au and p+Au Collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=200 GeV

The elliptic (v_{2}) and triangular (v_{3}) azimuthal anisotropy coefficients in central ^{3}He+Au, d+Au, and p+Au collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=200  GeV are measured as a function of transverse momentum (p_{T}) at midrapidity (|η|<0.9), via the azimuthal angular correlation between two particles both at |η|<0.9. While the v_{2}(p_{T}) values depend on the colliding systems, the v_{3}(p_{T}) values are system independent within the uncertainties, suggesting an influence on eccentricity from subnucleonic fluctuations in these small-sized systems. These results also provide stringent constraints for the hydrodynamic modeling of these systems.

Spatial Reconstruction of Oligo and Single Cells by De Novo Coalescent Embedding of Transcriptomic Networks

Single cell RNA-seq (scRNA-seq) profiles conceal temporal and spatial tissue developmental information. De novo reconstruction of single cell temporal trajectory has been fairly addressed, but reverse engineering single cell 3D spatial tissue organization is hitherto landmark based, and de novo spatial reconstruction is a compelling computational open problem. Here it is shown that a proposed algorithm for de novo coalescent embedding (D-CE) of oligo/single cell transcriptomic networks can help to address this problem. Relying on the spatial information encoded in the expression patterns of genes, it is found that D-CE of cell-cell association transcriptomic networks, by preserving mesoscale network organization, captures spatial domains, identifies spatially expressed genes, reconstructs cell samples' 3D spatial distribution, and uncovers spatial domains and markers necessary for understanding the design principles on spatial organization and pattern formation. Comparison to the novoSpaRC and CSOmap (the only available de novo 3D spatial reconstruction methods) on 14 datasets and 497 reconstructions, reveals a significantly superior performance of D-CE.

Association of cigarette smoking habits with the risk of prostate cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis

BACKGROUND

Association of cigarette smoking habits with the risk of prostate cancer is still a matter of debate. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the association between cigarette smoking and prostate cancer risk.

METHODS

We conducted a systematic search on PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science without language or time restrictions on June 11, 2022. Literature search and study screening were performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement. Prospective cohort studies that assessed the association between cigarette smoking habits and the risk of prostate cancer were included. Quality assessment was conducted using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. We used random-effects models to obtain pooled estimates and the corresponding 95% confidence intervals.

RESULTS

A total of 7296 publications were screened, of which 44 cohort studies were identified for qualitative analysis; 39 articles comprising 3 296 398 participants and 130 924 cases were selected for further meta-analysis. Current smoking had a significantly reduced risk of prostate cancer (RR, 0.74; 95% CI, 0.68-0.80; P < 0.001), especially in studies completed in the prostate-specific antigen screening era. Compared to former smokers, current smokers had a significant lower risk of PCa (RR, 0.70; 95% CI, 0.65-0.75; P < 0.001). Ever smoking showed no association with prostate cancer risk in overall analyses (RR, 0.96; 95% CI, 0.93-1.00; P = 0.074), but an increased risk of prostate cancer in the pre-prostate-specific antigen screening era (RR, 1.05; 95% CI, 1.00-1.10; P = 0.046) and a lower risk of prostate cancer in the prostate-specific antigen screening era (RR, 0.95; 95% CI, 0.91-0.99; P = 0.011) were observed. Former smoking did not show any association with the risk of prostate cancer.

CONCLUSIONS

The findings suggest that the lower risk of prostate cancer in smokers can probably be attributed to their poor adherence to cancer screening and the occurrence of deadly smoking-related diseases, and we should take measures to help smokers to be more compliant with early cancer screening and to quit smoking.

TRIAL REGISTRATION

This study was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42022326464).

Metal-enriched HSP90 nanoinhibitor overcomes heat resistance in hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy used for peritoneal metastases

Clinical hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) is regarded as a potential treatment that can prolong survival of patients with peritoneal metastases after cytoreductive surgery. However, treated tumor cells are prone to becoming heat resistant to HIPEC therapy through high expression of heat shock proteins (HSPs). Here, a carrier-free bifunctional nanoinhibitor was developed for HIPEC therapy in the management of peritoneal metastases. Self-assembly of the nanoinhibitor was formed by mixing Mn ion and epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) in a controllable manner. Such nanoinhibitor directly inhibited HSP90 and impaired the HSP90 chaperone cycle by reduced intracellular ATP level. Additionally, heat and Mn ion synergistically induced oxidative stress and expression of caspase 1, which activated GSDMD by proteolysis and caused pyroptosis in tumor cells, triggering immunogenic inflammatory cell death and induced maturation of dendritic cells through the release of tumor antigens. This strategy to inhibit heat resistance in HIPEC presented an unprecedented paradigm for converting "cold" tumors into "hot" ones, thus significantly eradicating disseminated tumors located deep in the abdominal cavity and stimulating immune response in peritoneal metastases of a mouse model. Collectively, the nanoinhibitor effectively induced pyroptosis of colon tumor cells under heat conditions by inhibiting heat stress resistance and increasing oxidative stress, which may provide a new strategy for treatment of colorectal peritoneal metastases.

An intra-annual 30-m dataset of small lakes of the Qilian Mountains for the period 1987-2020

Small lakes (areas between 0.01 km² and 1 km²) on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP) are prone to fluctuations in number and area, with serious implications for the surface water storage and water and carbon cycles of this fragile environment. However, there are no detailed long-term datasets of the small lakes of the QTP. Therefore, the intra-annual changes of small lakes in the Qilian Mountains region (QMR) in the northeastern part of the QTP were investigated. The small lake water bodies (SLWB) in the QMR were extracted by improving existing commonly used waterbody extraction algorithms. Using the Google Earth Engine platform and 13,297 Landsat TM/ETM + /OLI images, the SLWB of the QMR were extracted from 1987 to 2020 applying the improved algorithm, cross-validation and manual corrections. The reliability, uncertainty and limitations of the improved algorithm were discussed. An intra-annual small lake dataset for QMR (QMR-SLD) from 1987 to 2020 was released, containing eight attributes: code, perimeter (km), area (km²), latitude and longitude, elevation (m), area error, relative error (%), and subregion.

Assessing the construction of a Healthy City in China: a conceptual framework and evaluation index system

OBJECTIVES

COVID-19 has brought challenges to the health of all mankind. It is particularly important to promote the construction of a 'Healthy China' and build a 'healthy community'. The aims of this study were to construct a reasonable conceptual framework for the Healthy City concept and to assess Healthy City construction in China.

STUDY DESIGN

This study combined qualitative and quantitative research.

METHODS

This study proposes the concept model of 'nature-human body-Healthy City' and accordingly constructs an evaluation index system for the construction of a Healthy City that integrates five dimensions, namely, the medical level, economic basis, cultural development, social services, and ecological environment to explore the spatial and temporal heterogeneity of Healthy City construction in China. Finally, the influencing factors of Healthy City construction patterns are explored using GeoDetector.

RESULTS

(1) The pace of Healthy City construction is generally on the rise; (2) the construction of Healthy Cities exhibits significant global spatial autocorrelation and gradually increasing agglomeration. The spatial distribution of cold hotspot areas was relatively stable; (3) medical and health progress is an important factor; the level of economic development is the leading support; the endowment of resources and environment is the basic condition; public service support provides important support; and scientific and technological innovation capabilities provide technical support for the construction of a Healthy City.

CONCLUSIONS

The spatial heterogeneity of Healthy City construction in China is evident, and the state of spatial distribution is relatively stable. The spatial pattern of Healthy City construction is shaped by a combination of factors. Our research will provide a scientific basis for promoting the construction of Healthy Cities and helping to implement the Health China Strategy.

Discrimination of lamb (Ovis aries), emu (Dromaius novaehollandiae), camel (Camelus dromedarius) and beef (Bos taurus) binary mixtures using a portable near infrared instrument combined with chemometrics

Consumers demand safe and nutritious foods at accessible prices; where issues associated with adulteration, fraud, and provenance have become important aspects to be considered by the modern food industry. There are many analytical techniques and methods available to determine food composition and quality, including food security. Among them, vibrational spectroscopy techniques are at the first line of defence (near and mid infrared spectroscopy, and Raman spectroscopy). In this study, a portable near infrared (NIR) instrument was evaluated to identify different levels of adulteration between binary mixtures of exotic and traditional meat species. Fresh meat cuts of lamb (Ovis aries), emu (Dromaius novaehollandiae), camel (Camelus dromedarius) and beef (Bos taurus) sourced from a commercial abattoir were used to make different binary mixtures (95 % %w/w, 90 % %w/w, 50 % %w/w, 10 % %w/w and 5 % %w/w) and analysed using a portable NIR instrument. The NIR spectra of the meat mixtures was analysed using principal component analysis (PCA), and partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA). Two isosbestic points corresponding to absorbances at 1028 nm and 1224 nm were found to be consistent across all the binary mixtures analysed. The coefficient of determination in cross validation (R²) obtained for the determination of the per cent of species in a binary mixture was above 90 % with a standard error in cross validation (SECV) ranging between 12.6 and 15 %w/w. Overall, the results of this study indicate that NIR spectroscopy can determine the level or ratio of adulteration in the binary mixtures of minced meat.

Observation of Directed Flow of Hypernuclei _{Λ}^{3}H and _{Λ}^{4}H in sqrt[s_{NN}]=3 GeV Au+Au Collisions at RHIC

We report here the first observation of directed flow (v_{1}) of the hypernuclei _{Λ}^{3}H and _{Λ}^{4}H in mid-central Au+Au collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=3  GeV at RHIC. These data are taken as part of the beam energy scan program carried out by the STAR experiment. From 165×10^{6} events in 5%-40% centrality, about 8400 _{Λ}^{3}H and 5200 _{Λ}^{4}H candidates are reconstructed through two- and three-body decay channels. We observe that these hypernuclei exhibit significant directed flow. Comparing to that of light nuclei, it is found that the midrapidity v_{1} slopes of _{Λ}^{3}H and _{Λ}^{4}H follow baryon number scaling, implying that the coalescence is the dominant mechanism for these hypernuclei production in the 3 GeV Au+Au collisions.

Beam Energy Dependence of Triton Production and Yield Ratio (N_{t}×N_{p}/N_{d}^{2}) in Au+Au Collisions at RHIC

We report the triton (t) production in midrapidity (|y|<0.5) Au+Au collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=7.7-200  GeV measured by the STAR experiment from the first phase of the beam energy scan at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. The nuclear compound yield ratio (N_{t}×N_{p}/N_{d}^{2}), which is predicted to be sensitive to the fluctuation of local neutron density, is observed to decrease monotonically with increasing charged-particle multiplicity (dN_{ch}/dη) and follows a scaling behavior. The dN_{ch}/dη dependence of the yield ratio is compared to calculations from coalescence and thermal models. Enhancements in the yield ratios relative to the coalescence baseline are observed in the 0%-10% most central collisions at 19.6 and 27 GeV, with a significance of 2.3σ and 3.4σ, respectively, giving a combined significance of 4.1σ. The enhancements are not observed in peripheral collisions or model calculations without critical fluctuation, and decreases with a smaller p_{T} acceptance. The physics implications of these results on the QCD phase structure and the production mechanism of light nuclei in heavy-ion collisions are discussed.