A comparative analysis of infant mortality in major Ohio cities: significance of socio-biological factors

"Using linked birth and infant death records for Ohio for the 1984-87 birth cohorts, this paper examines differentials in neonatal, postneonatal, and infant mortality rates in four major Ohio cities....It was found that, compared to Toledo, Cleveland had 51% higher risk of infant death, Cincinnati had 45% higher risk, [and] Columbus had 13% higher risk of infant death. Although in each of these cities, black infants had significantly higher risk of death than white infants, controlling for race alone reduced but did not eliminate the infant mortality differentials among the cities. The results of the hazards analyses reveal that maternal education, marital status, maternal age, birth order, prenatal care, gestational age, and birth weight had a profound net impact on the risk of infant death and that, even after controlling for these and other maternal and infant characteristics, significant city differentials persisted in infant mortality."

How labour market experiences of migrants differ: Australia and Austria compared

The author compares migration policies and their economic impact in Australia and Austria. "The second section of the article presents the framework of Austrian and Australian migration policy....A comparison of the Austrian and Australian Gross Domestic Product (GDP)/unemployment/foreign employment-relationships displays different forms of flexibility. The third section of the article examines some distinctive features of migrants in both countries, including labour force participation, distribution by industry, wage policy and unemployment. The final section is a brief summary and some political reflections." (SUMMARY IN FRE AND SPA)

An update on Australia's future population growth and its population problems

"Population projections need to be continually updated as new information becomes available.... With an assumption of a total fertility rate of 1.865 children per woman and annual net migration of 50,000, ABS [Australian Bureau of Statistics] projections published in 1996 and additional projections in 1997 suggest a population of 24.5 million in 2051 and an ultimate population of more than 25 million. The analysis in this article...puts Australia's various population problems into a proper perspective and tries to direct attention away from the unnecessary preoccupation with population decline."

Population projections, 1991-2021

"This information presents initial assumptions and analyzes basic results of the latest population projections for Yugoslavia, and its constituent republics and provinces, by age and sex, for the period 1991-2021, which were prepared during 1995 through co-operation of the Federal Statistical Office and the Demographic Research Centre of the Institute of Social Sciences, and were published in 1996." The projections concern only the two republics that make up present-day Yugoslavia, that is Montenegro and Serbia (with its two regions of Vojvodina, and Kosovo and Metohija).

Demographic change in Northern Ireland

"This paper has two objectives: firstly, to provide an assessment of the current state of Northern Ireland demography, focusing on recent trends and the prospects for the future; secondly, to highlight the more significant ramifications of these trends for the wider society." Aspects considered include past and future population trends, consequences of stagnant or slow population growth, and implications of population trends.

Generalized Lotka distribution incorporating migration

"This paper proposes to introduce the migration component into the stable population model and examine the stability of the age distribution. The analysis [is restricted] to one sex as [has been] done by others." The model is applied to Canadian data.

Migrant-nonmigrant fertility differentials in Anhui, China

"This analysis is designed to provide insights into the relation between migration and fertility in China. Survey data collected from Anhui Province in 1989 are used to evaluate whether fertility is higher or lower among the temporary migrants to urban places in comparison to permanent residents in those locations.... Our analysis will...assess the extent to which socioeconomic characteristics, family planning, and migration help to explain observed differences in the fertility of temporary migrants and permanent residents. In doing so, the basic question to be answered is whether temporary migrants have used their movement as a way to avoid official policies controlling fertility and, in so doing, have they contributed to a higher than average fertility in China?"