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Abstract
Thrombospondins are a family of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins. Thrombospondin-1 (TSP1) was the first member to be identified and is a main player in tumor microenvironment. The diverse functions of TSP1 depend on the interactions between its structural domains and multiple cell surface molecules. TSP1 acts as an angiogenesis inhibitor by stimulating endothelial cell apoptosis, inhibiting endothelial cell migration and proliferation, and regulating vascular endothelial growth factor bioavailability and activity. In addition to angiogenesis modulation, TSP1 also affects tumor cell adhesion, invasion, migration, proliferation, apoptosis and tumor immunity. This review discusses the multifaceted and sometimes opposite effects of TSP1 on tumor progression depending on the molecular and cellular composition of the microenvironment. Clinical implications of TSP1-related compounds are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Huang
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Li Sun
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Xianglin Yuan
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Hong Qiu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
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202
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Ranieri G, Ferrari C, Di Palo A, Marech I, Porcelli M, Falagario G, Ritrovato F, Ramunni L, Fanelli M, Rubini G, Gadaleta CD. Bevacizumab-Based Chemotherapy Combined with Regional Deep Capacitive Hyperthermia in Metastatic Cancer Patients: A Pilot Study. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:E1458. [PMID: 28684680 PMCID: PMC5535949 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18071458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2017] [Revised: 06/11/2017] [Accepted: 06/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
As an angiogenesis inhibitor, bevacizumab has been investigated in combination with different chemotherapeutic agents, achieving an established role for metastatic cancer treatment. However, potential synergic anti-angiogenic effects of hyperthermia have not tested to date in literature. The aim of our study was to analyze efficacy, safety, and survival of anti-angiogenic-based chemotherapy associated to regional deep capacitive hyperthermia (HT) in metastatic cancer patients. Twenty-three patients with metastatic colorectal (n = 16), ovarian (n = 5), and breast (n = 2) cancer were treated with HT in addition to a standard bevacizumab-based chemotherapy regimen. Treatment response assessment was performed, according to the modified Response Evaluation Criteria for Solid Tumors (mRECIST), at 80 days (timepoint-1) and at 160 days (timepoint-2) after therapy. Disease Response Rate (DRR), considered as the proportion of patients who had the best response rating (complete response (CR), partial response (PR), or stable disease (SD)), was assessed at timepoint-1 and timepoint-2. Chi-squared for linear trend test was performed to evaluated the association between response groups (R/NR) and the number of previous treatment (none, 1, 2, 3), number of chemotherapy cycles (<6, 6, 12, >12), number of hyperthermia sessions (<12, 12, 24, >24), and lines of chemotherapy (I, II). Survival curves were estimated by Kaplan-Meier method. DRR was 85.7% and 72.2% at timepoint-1 and timepoint-2, respectively. HT was well tolerated without additional adverse effects on chemotherapy-related toxicity. Chi-squared for linear trend test demonstrated that the percentage of responders grew in relation to the number of chemotherapy cycles (p = 0.015) and to number of HT sessions (p < 0.001) performed. Both overall survival (OS) and time to progression (TTP) were influenced by the number of chemotherapy cycles (p < 0.001) and HT sessions (p < 0.001) performed. Our preliminary data, that need to be confirmed in larger studies, suggest that the combined treatment of bevacizumab-based chemotherapy with HT has a favorable tumor response, is feasible and well tolerated, and offers a potentially promising option for metastatic cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Girolamo Ranieri
- Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Unit with Integrated Section of Translational Medical Oncology, National Cancer Research Centre, IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", Viale Orazio Flacco 65, 70124 Bari, Italy.
| | - Cristina Ferrari
- Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Unit with Integrated Section of Translational Medical Oncology, National Cancer Research Centre, IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", Viale Orazio Flacco 65, 70124 Bari, Italy.
- Nuclear Medicine Unit, D.I.M., University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Piazza G. Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy.
| | - Alessandra Di Palo
- Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Unit with Integrated Section of Translational Medical Oncology, National Cancer Research Centre, IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", Viale Orazio Flacco 65, 70124 Bari, Italy.
- Nuclear Medicine Unit, D.I.M., University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Piazza G. Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy.
| | - Ilaria Marech
- Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Unit with Integrated Section of Translational Medical Oncology, National Cancer Research Centre, IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", Viale Orazio Flacco 65, 70124 Bari, Italy.
| | - Mariangela Porcelli
- Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Unit with Integrated Section of Translational Medical Oncology, National Cancer Research Centre, IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", Viale Orazio Flacco 65, 70124 Bari, Italy.
| | - Gianmarco Falagario
- Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Unit with Integrated Section of Translational Medical Oncology, National Cancer Research Centre, IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", Viale Orazio Flacco 65, 70124 Bari, Italy.
| | - Fabiana Ritrovato
- Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Unit with Integrated Section of Translational Medical Oncology, National Cancer Research Centre, IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", Viale Orazio Flacco 65, 70124 Bari, Italy.
| | - Luigi Ramunni
- Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Unit with Integrated Section of Translational Medical Oncology, National Cancer Research Centre, IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", Viale Orazio Flacco 65, 70124 Bari, Italy.
| | - Margherita Fanelli
- Nuclear Medicine Unit, D.I.M., University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Piazza G. Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Rubini
- Nuclear Medicine Unit, D.I.M., University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Piazza G. Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy.
| | - Cosmo Damiano Gadaleta
- Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Unit with Integrated Section of Translational Medical Oncology, National Cancer Research Centre, IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", Viale Orazio Flacco 65, 70124 Bari, Italy.
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203
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Feng T, Yu H, Xia Q, Ma Y, Yin H, Shen Y, Liu X. Cross-talk mechanism between endothelial cells and hepatocellular carcinoma cells via growth factors and integrin pathway promotes tumor angiogenesis and cell migration. Oncotarget 2017; 8:69577-93. [PMID: 29050226 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.18632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2017] [Accepted: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor angiogenesis plays a central role in the development and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer cells secrete angiogenic factors to recruit vascular endothelial cells and sustain tumor vascular networks, which facilitate the migration and invasion of cancer cells. Therefore, the cross-talk between vascular endothelial cells and cancer cells is vitally necessary, however, little is known about the cross-talk mechanism of these cells interaction. In the present study, the proliferation, migration, invasion and tube formation of vascular endothelial EA.hy926 cells and hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cells were studied by exchanging their culture medium. The time-dependent differences of integrins induced signaling pathway associated with cell migration were investigated. Our results showed that HepG2 cells markedly enhanced the proliferation and migration ability as well as the tube formation of EA.hy926 cells by releasing growth factors. Also, the EA.hy926 cells promoted the proliferation, migration and invasion ability of HepG2 cells. The further analysis demonstrated that the integrins-FAK-Rho GTPases signaling events in both of two cells was activated under conditioned medium, and the signaling molecules in two cell lines showed a different time-dependent expression within 1h. These findings reveal the cross-talk mechanism between the endothelial cells and hepatocellular carcinoma cells, which were expected to find out new ideas for the prevention and treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma.
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204
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Li WW, Wang HY, Nie X, Liu YB, Han M, Li BH. Human colorectal cancer cells induce vascular smooth muscle cell apoptosis in an exocrine manner. Oncotarget 2017; 8:62049-62056. [PMID: 28977925 PMCID: PMC5617485 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.18893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2017] [Accepted: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor vessels often lack the smooth muscle layer, and the instability is conducive to tumor invasion and metastasis. The effect of tumor microenvironment on vascular smooth muscle cells needs to be explored. In the present study, we examined the density of the tumor vessels in human colorectal cancer tissues, and used the tumor conditioned medium of human colorectal cancer HT29 cells to mimic the tumor microenvironment. We showed that the vessel density in colorectal cancer tissues increased, which displayed a decreased expression of smooth muscle α-actin, a specific marker of vascular smooth muscle cells and an attenuated or a discontinuous layer of vascular smooth muscle cells compared with the matched normal tissues. We also showed that the tumor conditioned medium decreased the cell viability, and induced the apoptosis in vascular smooth muscle cells in a concentration-dependent manner. The expression of pro-Caspase-3 was down-regulated, accompanied by increasing of cleaved-Caspase-3 in the cells treated with the tumor conditioned medium, suggesting that Caspase-3 was activated. Moreover, the expression of Bax was increased, and the ratio of Bcl-2/Bax was decreased under the same conditions. Furthermore, the treatment with the tumor conditioned medium resulted in loss of mitochondrial membrane potential in vascular smooth muscle cells. These findings suggest that HT29 cells induce apoptosis of vascular smooth muscle cells in an exocrine manner, associated with activating caspase-3 via mitochondrial apoptotic pathway. This may be one of the mechanisms underlying tumor vascular structural abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Wei Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medicine, Key Laboratory of Medical Biotechnology of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang 050017, P. R. China
| | - Hai-Yue Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medicine, Key Laboratory of Medical Biotechnology of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang 050017, P. R. China
| | - Xi Nie
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medicine, Key Laboratory of Medical Biotechnology of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang 050017, P. R. China
| | - Ya-Bin Liu
- Department of Surgery, Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, P. R. China
| | - Mei Han
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medicine, Key Laboratory of Medical Biotechnology of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang 050017, P. R. China
| | - Bing-Hui Li
- Department of Surgery, Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, P. R. China
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205
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Rey S, Schito L, Wouters BG, Eliasof S, Kerbel RS. Targeting Hypoxia-Inducible Factors for Antiangiogenic Cancer Therapy. Trends Cancer 2017; 3:529-541. [PMID: 28718406 DOI: 10.1016/j.trecan.2017.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2017] [Revised: 05/03/2017] [Accepted: 05/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Hypoxia (low O2) is a pathobiological hallmark of solid cancers, resulting from the imbalance between cellular O2 consumption and availability. Hypoxic cancer cells (CCs) stimulate blood vessel sprouting (angiogenesis), aimed at restoring O2 delivery to the expanding tumor masses through the activation of a transcriptional program mediated by hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs). Here, we review recent data suggesting that the efficacy of antiangiogenic (AA) therapies is limited in some circumstances by HIF-dependent compensatory responses to increased intratumoral hypoxia. In lieu of this evidence, we discuss the potential of targeting HIFs as a strategy to overcome these instances of AA therapy resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Rey
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.
| | - Luana Schito
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.
| | - Bradly G Wouters
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, ON, Canada; Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Robert S Kerbel
- Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto, ON, Canada; Biological Sciences Platform, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
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206
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Jiang H, Wu D, Xu D, Yu H, Zhao Z, Ma D, Jin J. Eupafolin Exhibits Potent Anti-Angiogenic and Antitumor Activity in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Int J Biol Sci 2017; 13:701-711. [PMID: 28655996 PMCID: PMC5485626 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.17534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2016] [Accepted: 04/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Eupafolin is a flavonoid extracted from the common sage herb which has been used in China as traditional medicine. Previous studies had reported that eupafolin had antioxidative, anti-inflammatory and antitumor effects. However, the function and the mechanism of eupafolin to exert its antitumor activity, especially its effect on tumor angiogenesis, have not been elucidated. Herein, we showed that eupafolin significantly inhibited vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-induced cell proliferation, migration and tube formation of human umbilical vascular endothelial cells (HUVECs) in a dose-dependent manner. Meanwhile, the new blood microvessels induced by VEGF in the matrigel plug were also substantially suppressed by eupafolin. The results of HCC xenograft experiments demonstrated eupafolin remarkably inhibited tumor growth and tumor angiogenesis in vivo, suggesting the antitumor activity exerted by eupafolin was closely correlated with its potency on tumor angiogenesis. Mechanism investigations revealed that eupafolin significantly blocked VEGF-induced activation of VEGFR2 in HUVEC cells as well as its downstream signaling pathway. In addition to the effect on endothelial cells, through inhibiting Akt activity in tumor cells, VEGF secretion in HepG2 was dramatically decreased after eupafolin treatment. Our study was the first to report the activity of eupafolin against tumor angiogenesis as well as the underlying mechanism by which eupafolin to exert its anti-angiogenic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honglei Jiang
- General Surgery department, the fourth affiliated hospital of China medical university, Shenyang, China
| | - Dan Wu
- Infectious disease department, Shengjing hospital of China medical university, Shenyang, China
| | - Dong Xu
- General Surgery department, the fourth affiliated hospital of China medical university, Shenyang, China
| | - Hao Yu
- General Surgery department, the fourth affiliated hospital of China medical university, Shenyang, China
| | - Zheming Zhao
- General Surgery department, the fourth affiliated hospital of China medical university, Shenyang, China
| | - Dongyan Ma
- General Surgery department, the fourth affiliated hospital of China medical university, Shenyang, China
| | - Junzhe Jin
- General Surgery department, the fourth affiliated hospital of China medical university, Shenyang, China
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207
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Deryugina EI, Kiosses WB. Intratumoral Cancer Cell Intravasation Can Occur Independent of Invasion into the Adjacent Stroma. Cell Rep 2017; 19:601-616. [PMID: 28423322 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2017.03.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2016] [Revised: 01/29/2017] [Accepted: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Intravasation, active entry of cancer cells into the circulation, is often considered to be a relatively late event in tumor development occurring after stromal invasion. Here, we provide evidence that intravasation can be initiated early during tumor development and proceed in parallel to or independent of tumor invasion into surrounding stroma. By applying direct and unbiased intravasation-scoring methods to two histologically distinct human cancer types in live-animal models, we demonstrate that intravasation takes place almost exclusively within the tumor core, involves intratumoral vasculature, and does not involve vasculotropic cancer cells invading tumor-adjacent stroma and migrating along tumor-converging blood vessels. Highlighting an additional role for EGFR in cancer, we find that EGFR is required for the development of an intravasation-sustaining intratumoral vasculature. Intratumoral localization of intravasation supports the notion that overt metastases in cancer patients could be initiated much earlier during cancer progression than appreciated within conventional clinical tumor staging systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena I Deryugina
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
| | - William B Kiosses
- Confocal Microscopy Core Facility, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
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208
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Li F, Huang J, Ji D, Meng Q, Wang C, Chen S, Wang X, Zhu Z, Jiang C, Shi Y, Liu S, Li C. Azithromycin effectively inhibits tumor angiogenesis by suppressing vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2-mediated signaling pathways in lung cancer. Oncol Lett 2017; 14:89-96. [PMID: 28693139 PMCID: PMC5494938 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.6103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2016] [Accepted: 03/03/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor angiogenesis is essential during lung cancer development and targeting angiogenesis may possess a potential therapeutic value. The present study demonstrates that azithromycin, a Food and Drug Administration-approved antibiotic drug, is a novel tumor angiogenesis inhibitor. Azithromycin inhibits capillary network formation of human lung tumor associated-endothelial cells (HLT-ECs) in vitro and in vivo. It significantly inhibits HLT-EC adhesion and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-induced proliferation of HLT-ECs in a dose-dependent manner without affecting migration. In addition, azithromycin induces apoptosis of HLT-ECs even in the presence of VEGF. Notably, azithromycin inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis in multiple lung cancer cell lines to a significantly reduced extent compared with in HLT-ECs, suggesting that HLT-ECs are more susceptible to azithromycin treatment. In a lung tumor xenograft model, azithromycin significantly inhibits tumor growth and its anti-tumor activities are achieved by suppressing angiogenesis. Notably, the inhibitory effects of azithromycin on angiogenesis are associated with its ability to suppress VEGF-induced activation of VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR2), phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt), focal adhesion kinase, and disruption of focal adhesion assembly and actin stress fiber formation in HLT-ECs. The present study identifies that azithromycin targets VEGFR2-mediated focal adhesion and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways in HLT-ECs, leading to the suppression of angiogenesis and lung tumor growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fajiu Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Wuhan No. 6 Hospital, Affiliated Hospital to Jianghan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, P.R. China
| | - Jie Huang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Wuhan No. 6 Hospital, Affiliated Hospital to Jianghan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, P.R. China
| | - Dongyuan Ji
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Wuhan No. 6 Hospital, Affiliated Hospital to Jianghan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, P.R. China
| | - Qinghua Meng
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Wuhan No. 6 Hospital, Affiliated Hospital to Jianghan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, P.R. China
| | - Chuanhai Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Wuhan No. 6 Hospital, Affiliated Hospital to Jianghan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, P.R. China
| | - Shi Chen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Wuhan No. 6 Hospital, Affiliated Hospital to Jianghan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, P.R. China
| | - Xiaojiang Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Wuhan No. 6 Hospital, Affiliated Hospital to Jianghan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, P.R. China
| | - Zhiyang Zhu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Wuhan No. 6 Hospital, Affiliated Hospital to Jianghan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, P.R. China
| | - Cheng Jiang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Wuhan No. 6 Hospital, Affiliated Hospital to Jianghan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, P.R. China
| | - Yi Shi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Wuhan No. 6 Hospital, Affiliated Hospital to Jianghan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, P.R. China
| | - Shuang Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Wuhan No. 6 Hospital, Affiliated Hospital to Jianghan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, P.R. China
| | - Chenghong Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Wuhan No. 6 Hospital, Affiliated Hospital to Jianghan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, P.R. China
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209
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Secondini C, Coquoz O, Spagnuolo L, Spinetti T, Peyvandi S, Ciarloni L, Botta F, Bourquin C, Rüegg C. Arginase inhibition suppresses lung metastasis in the 4T1 breast cancer model independently of the immunomodulatory and anti-metastatic effects of VEGFR-2 blockade. Oncoimmunology 2017; 6:e1316437. [PMID: 28680747 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2017.1316437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2016] [Revised: 03/31/2017] [Accepted: 03/31/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor angiogenesis promotes tumor growth and metastasis. Anti-angiogenic therapy in combination with chemotherapy is used for the treatment of metastatic cancers, including breast cancer but therapeutic benefits are limited. Mobilization and accumulation of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) during tumor progression and therapy have been implicated in metastasis formation and resistance to anti-angiogenic treatments. Here, we used the 4T1 orthotopic syngenic mouse model of mammary adenocarcinoma to investigate the effect of VEGF/VEGFR-2 axis inhibition on lung metastasis, MDSC and regulatory T cells (Tregs). We show that treatment with the anti-VEGFR-2 blocking antibody DC101 inhibits primary tumor growth, angiogenesis and lung metastasis. DC101 treatment had no effect on MDSC mobilization, but partially attenuated the inhibitory effect of mMDSC on T cell proliferation and decreased the frequency of Tregs in primary tumors and lung metastases. Strikingly, DC101 treatment induced the expression of the immune-suppressive molecule arginase I in mMDSC. Treatment with the arginase inhibitor Nω-hydroxy-nor-Arginine (Nor-NOHA) reduced the inhibitory effect of MDSC on T cell proliferation and inhibited number and size of lung metastasis but had little or no additional effects in combination with DC101. In conclusion, DC101 treatment suppresses 4T1 tumor growth and metastasis, partially reverses the inhibitory effect of mMDSC on T cell proliferation, decreases Tregs in tumors and increases arginase I expression in mMDSC. Arginase inhibition suppresses lung metastasis independently of DC101 effects. These observations contribute to the further characterization of the immunomodulatory effect of anti-VEGF/VEGFR2 therapy and provide a rationale to pursue arginase inhibition as potential anti-metastatic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Secondini
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Science, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Oriana Coquoz
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Science, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Lorenzo Spagnuolo
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Science, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland.,School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Thibaud Spinetti
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Science, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Sanam Peyvandi
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Science, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Laura Ciarloni
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Francesca Botta
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Carole Bourquin
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Science, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland.,School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Curzio Rüegg
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Science, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland.,Division of Experimental Oncology, University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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210
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Li C, Guan X, Sun B, Ma M, Wang P, Gai X. Vector-mediated Tum-5 expression in neovascular endothelial cells for treating hepatocellular carcinoma. Exp Ther Med 2017; 13:1521-1525. [PMID: 28413503 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.4127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2015] [Accepted: 10/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypervascular hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-associated mortality. Angiogenesis is an important contributor to HCC progression and metastasis; therefore, inhibiting angiogenesis may be an effective method of treating HCC. Tumstatin is a novel type of efficient endogenous vascular endothelial cell growth inhibiting factor. The anti-angiogenic activity of tumstatin is localized to the 54-132 amino acid region (Tum-5). In a previous study performed by our group, the gene fragment encoding Tum-5 was cloned and inserted into a pLXSN retroviral vector. In the present study, the anti-angiogenic effects of Tum-5 and the antitumor effects exerted by the pLXSN-Tum-5 vector in vivo were investigated. The results demonstrated that pLXSN-Tum-5 significantly inhibited the growth of human umbilical vein endothelial cells compared with pLXSN, but had no obvious effect on HepG2 cell growth. Moreover, the antitumor and anti-angiogenic activity of Tum-5 was examined in vivo using a xenograft of H22 HCC cells. The results indicated that pLXSN-Tum-5 significantly inhibited tumor growth following 5 injections over 10 days. The size and weight of tumors in the pLXSN-Tum-5 group were lower than those in the saline and pLXSN groups. Furthermore, immunohistochemical analysis with CD31 antibodies indicated that the average microvessel density in the pLXSN-Tum-5 group were significantly lower than that in the saline and pLXSN groups. These results suggested that Tum-5 exerts its antitumor activity by suppressing vascular endothelial cells. The gene fragment of Tum-5 may be developed as an effective inhibitor of angiogenesis and used to treat patients with HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Li
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beihua University, Jilin City, Jilin 132013, P.R. China
| | - Xingang Guan
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beihua University, Jilin City, Jilin 132013, P.R. China
| | - Boqian Sun
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beihua University, Jilin City, Jilin 132013, P.R. China
| | - Mingyao Ma
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beihua University, Jilin City, Jilin 132013, P.R. China
| | - Peng Wang
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beihua University, Jilin City, Jilin 132013, P.R. China
| | - Xiaodong Gai
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beihua University, Jilin City, Jilin 132013, P.R. China
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211
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Dong Y, Wu H, Dong J, Song K, Rahman HA, Towner R, Chen H. Mimetic peptide of ubiquitin-interacting motif of epsin as a cancer therapeutic-perspective in brain tumor therapy through regulating VEGFR2 signaling. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 1:3-11. [PMID: 29905336 PMCID: PMC5997290 DOI: 10.20517/2574-1209.2016.01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Epsins, endocytic adaptor proteins required for internalization of ubiquitylated receptors, are generally upregulated in human cancers. It has been characterized that mice deficient of epsins in the endothelium inhibit tumor growth by dysregulating vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR2) signaling and non-productive tumor angiogenesis. Binding of the epsin ubiquitin (Ub)-interacting motif (UIM) with ubiquitylated VEGFR2 is a critical mechanism for epsin-dependent VEGFR2 endocytosis and degradation, indicative of epsin UIM as a potential therapeutic target. A Computer Assisted Drug Design approach was utilized to create the UIM mimetic peptides for the functional competition of epsin binding sites in ubiquitylated VEGFR2 in vivo. Specifically targeting VEGFR2 in the tumor vasculature, the chemically synthesized chimeric UIM peptide, UPI, causes non-functional tumor angiogenesis, retards tumor growth, and increases survival rates in several tumor models. The authors showed that UPI binds ubiquitylated VEGFR2 to form a supercomplex in an Ub-dependent fashion. Collectively, the UPI targeting strategy offers a potentially novel treatment for cancer patients who are resistant to current anti-angiogenic therapies. In this review, the authors outline the main points of this research specifically as a potential application for glioma tumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunzhou Dong
- Vascular Biology Program, Department of Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Hao Wu
- Vascular Biology Program, Department of Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jerry Dong
- Advanced Magnetic Resonance Center, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma, OK 73104, USA
| | - Kai Song
- Vascular Biology Program, Department of Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Habibunnabi Ashiqur Rahman
- Vascular Biology Program, Department of Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Rheal Towner
- Advanced Magnetic Resonance Center, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma, OK 73104, USA
| | - Hong Chen
- Vascular Biology Program, Department of Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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212
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Guo P, Huang J, Moses MA. Characterization of dormant and active human cancer cells by quantitative phase imaging. Cytometry A 2017; 91:424-432. [PMID: 28314083 DOI: 10.1002/cyto.a.23083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2016] [Revised: 02/14/2017] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The switch of tumor cells from a dormant, non-angiogenic phenotype to an active, angiogenic phenotype is a critical step in early cancer progression. To date, relatively little is known about the cellular behaviors of angiogenic and non-angiogenic tumor cell phenotypes. In this study, holographic imaging cytometry, a quantitative phase imaging (QPI) technique was used to continuously and non-invasively analyze, quantify, and compare a panel of fundamental cellular behaviors of angiogenic and non-angiogenic human osteosarcoma cells (KHOS) in a simple and economical way. Results revealed that angiogenic KHOS cells (KHOS-A) have significantly higher cell motility speeds than their non-angiogenic counterpart (KHOS-N) while no difference in their cell proliferation rates and cell cycle lengths were observed. KHOS-A cells were also found to have significantly smaller cell areas and greater cell optical thicknesses when compared with the non-angiogenic KHOS-N cells. No difference in average cell volumes was observed. These studies demonstrate that the morphology and behavior of angiogenic and non-angiogenic cells can be continuously, efficiently, and non-invasively monitored using a simple, quantitative, and economical system that does not require tedious and time-consuming assays to provide useful information about tumor dormancy. © 2017 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Guo
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts, 02115.,Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School and Boston Children's Hospital, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts, 02115
| | - Jing Huang
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts, 02115.,Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School and Boston Children's Hospital, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts, 02115
| | - Marsha A Moses
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts, 02115.,Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School and Boston Children's Hospital, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts, 02115
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213
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Zhang B, Yang W, Yu J, Guo W, Wang J, Liu S, Xiao Y, Shi D. Green Synthesis of Sub-10 nm Gadolinium-Based Nanoparticles for Sparkling Kidneys, Tumor, and Angiogenesis of Tumor-Bearing Mice in Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Adv Healthc Mater 2017; 6. [PMID: 28004887 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201600865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2016] [Revised: 11/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Gadolinium (Gd)-based nanoparticles are known for their high potential in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). However, further MRI applications of these nanoparticles are hampered by their relatively large sizes resulting in poor organ/tumor targeting. In this study, ultrafine sub-10 nm and biocompatible Gd-based nanoparticles are synthesized in a bioinspired, environmentally benign, and straightforward fashion. This novel green synthetic strategy is developed for growing dextran-coated Gd-based nanoparticles (GdNPs@Dex). The as-prepared GdNPs@Dex is not only biocompatible but also stable with a sub-10 nm size. It exhibits higher longitudinal and transverse relaxivities in water (r1 and r2 values of 5.43 and 7.502 s-1 × 10-3 m-1 of Gd3+ , respectively) than those measured for Gd-DTPA solution (r1 and r2 values of 3.42 and 3.86 s-1 × 10-3 m-1 of Gd3+ , respectively). In vivo dynamic T1 -weighted MRI in tumor-bearing mice shows GdNPs@Dex can selectively target kidneys and tumor, in addition to liver and spleen. GdNPs@Dex is found particularly capable for determining the tumor boundary with clearly enhanced tumor angiogenesis. GdNPs@Dex is also found cleared from body gradually mainly via hepatobiliary and renal processing with no obvious systemic toxicity. With this green synthesis strategy, the sub-10 nm GdNPs@Dex presents promising potentials for translational biomedical imaging applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingbo Zhang
- Institute of Photomedicine; Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital; The Institute for Biomedical Engineering and Nano Science; Tongji University School of Medicine; Shanghai 200443 China
| | - Weitao Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering; School of Life Science; Tianjin Engineering Center of Micro-Nano Biomaterials and Detection-Treatment Technology; Tianjin University; Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Jiani Yu
- Institute of Photomedicine; Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital; The Institute for Biomedical Engineering and Nano Science; Tongji University School of Medicine; Shanghai 200443 China
| | - Weisheng Guo
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety; National Center for Nanoscience and Technology; No. 11 Beiyitiao, Zhongguancun Beijing 100190 China
| | - Jun Wang
- Institute of Photomedicine; Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital; The Institute for Biomedical Engineering and Nano Science; Tongji University School of Medicine; Shanghai 200443 China
| | - Shiyuan Liu
- Department of Radiology; Changzheng Hospital; The Second Military Medical University; Shanghai 200003 China
| | - Yi Xiao
- Department of Radiology; Changzheng Hospital; The Second Military Medical University; Shanghai 200003 China
| | - Donglu Shi
- The Institute for Translational Nanomedicine; Shanghai East Hospital; The Institute for Biomedical Engineering and Nano Science; Tongji University School of Medicine; Shanghai 200092 P. R. China
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering; College of Engineering and Applied Science; University of Cincinnati; Cincinnati OH 45221-0072 USA
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214
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Angiolini F, Cavallaro U. The Pleiotropic Role of L1CAM in Tumor Vasculature. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:E254. [PMID: 28134764 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18020254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2016] [Revised: 01/19/2017] [Accepted: 01/23/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis, the formation of new vessels, is a key step in the development, invasion, and dissemination of solid tumors and, therefore, represents a viable target in the context of antitumor therapy. Indeed, antiangiogenic approaches have given promising results in preclinical models and entered the clinical practice. However, in patients, the results obtained so far with antiangiogenic drugs have not completely fulfilled expectations, especially because their effect has been transient with tumors developing resistance and evasion mechanisms. A better understanding of the mechanisms that underlie tumor vascularization and the functional regulation of cancer vessels is a prerequisite for the development of novel and alternative antiangiogenic treatments. The L1 cell adhesion molecule (L1CAM), a cell surface glycoprotein previously implicated in the development and plasticity of the nervous system, is aberrantly expressed in the vasculature of various cancer types. L1CAM plays multiple pro-angiogenic roles in the endothelial cells of tumor-associated vessels, thus emerging as a potential therapeutic target. In addition, L1CAM prevents the maturation of cancer vasculature and its inhibition promotes vessel normalization, a process that is thought to improve the therapeutic response of tumors to cytotoxic drugs. We here provide an overview on tumor angiogenesis and antiangiogenic therapies and summarize the current knowledge on the biological role of L1CAM in cancer vasculature. Finally, we highlight the clinical implications of targeting L1CAM as a novel antiangiogenic and vessel-normalizing approach.
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215
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Lupo G, Caporarello N, Olivieri M, Cristaldi M, Motta C, Bramanti V, Avola R, Salmeri M, Nicoletti F, Anfuso CD. Anti-angiogenic Therapy in Cancer: Downsides and New Pivots for Precision Medicine. Front Pharmacol 2017; 7:519. [PMID: 28111549 PMCID: PMC5216034 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2016.00519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2016] [Accepted: 12/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary solid tumors originate close to pre-existing tissue vasculature, initially growing along such tissue blood vessels, and this phenomenon is important for the metastatic potential which frequently occurs in highly vascularized tissues. Unfortunately, preclinic and clinic anti-angiogenic approaches have not been very successful, and multiple factors have been found to contribute to toxicity and tumor resistance. Moreover, tumors can highlight intrinsic or acquired resistances, or show adaptation to the VEGF-targeted therapies. Furthermore, different mechanisms of vascularization, activation of alternative signaling pathways, and increased tumor aggressiveness make this context even more complex. On the other hand, it has to be considered that the transitional restoration of normal, not fenestrated, microvessels allows the drug to reach the tumor and act with the maximum efficiency. However, these effects are time-limited and different, depending on the various types of cancer, and clearly define a specific “normalization window.” So, new horizons in the therapeutic approaches consist on the treatment of the tumor with pro- (instead of anti-) angiogenic therapies, which could strengthen a network of well-structured blood vessels that facilitate the transport of the drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella Lupo
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Catania Catania, Italy
| | - Nunzia Caporarello
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Catania Catania, Italy
| | - Melania Olivieri
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Catania Catania, Italy
| | - Martina Cristaldi
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Catania Catania, Italy
| | - Carla Motta
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Catania Catania, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Bramanti
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Catania Catania, Italy
| | - Roberto Avola
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Catania Catania, Italy
| | - Mario Salmeri
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Catania Catania, Italy
| | - Ferdinando Nicoletti
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Catania Catania, Italy
| | - Carmelina D Anfuso
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Catania Catania, Italy
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216
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Abstract
Cancer metastasis is a complex mechanism involving multiple processes. Previously, our integrative proteome, transcriptome, and phosphoproteome study reported that the levels of serine/threonine phosphatase POPX2 were positively correlated with cancer cell motility through modulating MAPK signaling. Surprisingly, here we found that POPX2 knockdown cells induced more numerous and larger tumor nodules in lungs in longer term animal studies. Interestingly, our analysis of DNA microarray data from cancer patient samples that are available in public databases shows that low POPX2 expression is linked to distant metastasis and poor survival rate. These observations suggest that lower levels of POPX2 may favor tumor progression in later stages of metastasis. We hypothesize that POPX2 may do so by modulation of angiogenesis. Secretome analysis of POPX2-knockdown MDA-MB-231 cells using LC-MS/MS-based SILAC quantitative proteomics and cytokine array show that silencing of POPX2 leads to increased secretion of exosomes, which may, in turn, induce multiple pro-angiogenic cytokines. This study, combined with our previous findings, suggests that a single ubiquitously expressed phosphatase POPX2 influences cancer metastasis via modulating multiple biological processes including MAPK signaling and exosome cytokine secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songjing Zhang
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University , Singapore 637551.,Mechanobiology Institute , Singapore 117411
| | - Ting Weng
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University , Singapore 637551.,Mechanobiology Institute , Singapore 117411
| | | | - Tiannan Guo
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University , Singapore 637551
| | - Hei Chan
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University , Singapore 637551
| | - Siu Kwan Sze
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University , Singapore 637551
| | - Cheng-Gee Koh
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University , Singapore 637551.,Mechanobiology Institute , Singapore 117411
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217
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Shao R, Taylor SL, Oh DS, Schwartz LM. Vascular heterogeneity and targeting: the role of YKL-40 in glioblastoma vascularization. Oncotarget 2016; 6:40507-18. [PMID: 26439689 PMCID: PMC4747349 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.5943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2015] [Accepted: 09/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Malignant glioblastomas (GBM) are highly malignant brain tumors that have extensive and aberrant tumor vasculature, including multiple types of vessels. This review focuses on recent discoveries that the angiogenic factor YKL-40 (CHI3L1) acts on glioblastoma-stem like cells (GSCs) to drive the formation of two major forms of tumor vascularization: angiogenesis and vasculogenic mimicry (VM). GSCs possess multipotent cells able to transdifferentiate into vascular pericytes or smooth muscle cells (PC/SMCs) that either coordinate with endothelial cells (ECs) to facilitate angiogenesis or assemble in the absence of ECs to form blood-perfused channels via VM. GBMs express high levels of YKL-40 that drives the divergent signaling cascades to mediate the formation of these distinct microvascular circulations. Although a variety of anti-tumor agents that target angiogenesis have demonstrated transient benefits for patients, they often fail to restrict tumor growth, which underscores the need for additional therapeutic tools. We propose that targeting YKL-40 may compliment conventional anti-angiogenic therapies to provide a substantial clinical benefit to patients with GBM and several other types of solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Shao
- Department of Biology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA.,Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, Morrill Science Center, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Sherry L Taylor
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Dennis S Oh
- Department of Surgery, Baystate Medical Center, Tufts University, Springfield, MA, USA
| | - Lawrence M Schwartz
- Department of Biology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA.,Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, Morrill Science Center, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
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218
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Scholz A, Harter PN, Cremer S, Yalcin BH, Gurnik S, Yamaji M, Di Tacchio M, Sommer K, Baumgarten P, Bähr O, Steinbach JP, Trojan J, Glas M, Herrlinger U, Krex D, Meinhardt M, Weyerbrock A, Timmer M, Goldbrunner R, Deckert M, Braun C, Schittenhelm J, Frueh JT, Ullrich E, Mittelbronn M, Plate KH, Reiss Y. Endothelial cell-derived angiopoietin-2 is a therapeutic target in treatment-naive and bevacizumab-resistant glioblastoma. EMBO Mol Med 2016; 8:39-57. [PMID: 26666269 PMCID: PMC4718155 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.201505505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is treated by surgical resection followed by radiochemotherapy. Bevacizumab is commonly deployed for anti‐angiogenic therapy of recurrent GBM; however, innate immune cells have been identified as instigators of resistance to bevacizumab treatment. We identified angiopoietin‐2 (Ang‐2) as a potential target in both naive and bevacizumab‐treated glioblastoma. Ang‐2 expression was absent in normal human brain endothelium, while the highest Ang‐2 levels were observed in bevacizumab‐treated GBM. In a murine GBM model, VEGF blockade resulted in endothelial upregulation of Ang‐2, whereas the combined inhibition of VEGF and Ang‐2 leads to extended survival, decreased vascular permeability, depletion of tumor‐associated macrophages, improved pericyte coverage, and increased numbers of intratumoral T lymphocytes. CD206+ (M2‐like) macrophages were identified as potential novel targets following anti‐angiogenic therapy. Our findings imply a novel role for endothelial cells in therapy resistance and identify endothelial cell/myeloid cell crosstalk mediated by Ang‐2 as a potential resistance mechanism. Therefore, combining VEGF blockade with inhibition of Ang‐2 may potentially overcome resistance to bevacizumab therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Scholz
- Institute of Neurology (Edinger Institute), Goethe University Medical School, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Patrick N Harter
- Institute of Neurology (Edinger Institute), Goethe University Medical School, Frankfurt, Germany German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Frankfurt/Mainz, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Sebastian Cremer
- Institute of Neurology (Edinger Institute), Goethe University Medical School, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Burak H Yalcin
- Institute of Neurology (Edinger Institute), Goethe University Medical School, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Stefanie Gurnik
- Institute of Neurology (Edinger Institute), Goethe University Medical School, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Maiko Yamaji
- Institute of Neurology (Edinger Institute), Goethe University Medical School, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Mariangela Di Tacchio
- Institute of Neurology (Edinger Institute), Goethe University Medical School, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Kathleen Sommer
- Institute of Neurology (Edinger Institute), Goethe University Medical School, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Peter Baumgarten
- Institute of Neurology (Edinger Institute), Goethe University Medical School, Frankfurt, Germany Department of Neurosurgery, Goethe University Medical School, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Oliver Bähr
- Senckenberg Institute of Neurooncology, Goethe University Medical School, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Joachim P Steinbach
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Frankfurt/Mainz, Frankfurt, Germany Senckenberg Institute of Neurooncology, Goethe University Medical School, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Jörg Trojan
- Medical Clinic I, Goethe University Medical School, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Martin Glas
- Klinische Kooperationseinheit Neuroonkologie, Robert Janker Klinik, Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Dietmar Krex
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Neurochirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany
| | - Matthias Meinhardt
- Institut für Pathologie, Universitätsklinikum Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany
| | - Astrid Weyerbrock
- Klinik für Neurochirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Marco Timmer
- Zentrum für Neurochirurgie, Uniklinik Köln, Köln, Germany
| | | | | | - Christian Braun
- Zentrum für Neuroonkologie, Universitätsklinik Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Jens Schittenhelm
- Abteilung Neuropathologie, Universitätsklinik Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Jochen T Frueh
- LOEWE Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Goethe University Medical School, Frankfurt, Germany Pediatric Hematology & Oncology, Children's Hospital, Goethe University Medical School, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Evelyn Ullrich
- LOEWE Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Goethe University Medical School, Frankfurt, Germany Pediatric Hematology & Oncology, Children's Hospital, Goethe University Medical School, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Michel Mittelbronn
- Institute of Neurology (Edinger Institute), Goethe University Medical School, Frankfurt, Germany German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Frankfurt/Mainz, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Karl H Plate
- Institute of Neurology (Edinger Institute), Goethe University Medical School, Frankfurt, Germany German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Frankfurt/Mainz, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Yvonne Reiss
- Institute of Neurology (Edinger Institute), Goethe University Medical School, Frankfurt, Germany German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Frankfurt/Mainz, Frankfurt, Germany
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219
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Sorrentino C, Miele L, Porta A, Pinto A, Morello S. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells contribute to A2B adenosine receptor-induced VEGF production and angiogenesis in a mouse melanoma model. Oncotarget 2015; 6:27478-89. [PMID: 26317647 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.4393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2015] [Accepted: 06/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is an angiogenic factor critically involved in tumor progression. Adenosine A2B receptor plays a pivotal role in promoting tumor growth. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) in the pro-angiogenic effects of A2B and to determine whether A2B blockade could enhance the effectiveness of anti-VEGF treatment. Mice treated with Bay60-6583, a selective A2B receptor agonist, showed enhanced tumor VEGF-A expression and vessel density. This effect was associated with accelerated tumor growth, which could be reversed with anti-VEGF treatment. Bay60-6583 increased the accumulation of tumor CD11b+Gr1+ cells. Depletion of MDSCs in mice significantly reduced A2B-induced VEGF production. However, A2B receptor stimulation did not directly regulate VEGF expression in isolated tumor myeloid cells. Mechanistically, Bay60-6583-treated melanoma tissues showed increased STAT3 activation. Inhibition of STAT3 significantly decreased the pro-tumor activity of Bay60-6583 and reduced tumor VEGF expression. Pharmacological blockade of A2B receptor with PSB1115 significantly reduced tumor growth by inhibiting tumor angiogenesis and increasing T cells numbers within the tumor microenvironment. These effects are, at least in part, dependent on impaired tumor accumulation of Gr1+ cells upon A2B receptor blockade. PSB1115 increased the effectiveness of anti-VEGF treatment.
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220
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Katkoori VR, Basson MD, Bond VC, Manne U, Bumpers HL. Nef-M1, a peptide antagonist of CXCR4, inhibits tumor angiogenesis and epithelial‑to‑mesenchymal transition in colon and breast cancers. Oncotarget 2016; 6:27763-77. [PMID: 26318034 PMCID: PMC4695024 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.4615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2015] [Accepted: 07/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The Nef-M1 peptide competes effectively with the natural ligand of CXC chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4), stromal cell-derived factor 1-alpha, to induce apoptosis and inhibit growth in colon cancer (CRC) and breast cancer (BC). Its role in tumor angiogenesis, and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) regulation, key steps involved in tumor growth and metastasis, are unknown. We evaluated the angioinhibitory effect of Nef-M1 peptide and examined its role in the inhibition of EMT in these cancers. Colon (HT29) and breast (MDA-MB231) cancer cells expressing CXCR4 were studied in vitro and in xenograft tumors propagated in severe combined immunodeficient mice. The mice were treated intraperitoneally with Nef-M1 or scrambled amino acid sequence of Nef-M1 (sNef-M1) peptide, a negative control, starting at the time of tumor implantation. Sections from tumors were evaluated for tumor angiogenesis, as measured by microvessel density (MVD) based on immunostaining of endothelial markers. In vitro tumor angiogenesis was assessed by treating human umbilical vein endothelial cells with conditioned media from the tumor cell lines. A BC cell line (MDA-MB 468) which does not express CXCR4 was used to study the actions of Nef-M1 peptide. Western blot and immunofluorescence analyses assessed the effect of Nef-M1 on tumor angiogenesis and EMT in both tumors and cancer cells. Metastatic lesions of CRC and BC expressed more CXCR4 than primary lesions. It was also found that tumors from mice treated with sNef-M1 had well established vascularity, while Nef-M1 treated tumors had very poor vascularization. Indeed, the mean MVD was lower in tumors from Nef-M1 treated mice than in sNef-M1 treated tumors. Nef-M1 treated tumor has poor morphology and loss of endothelial integrity. Although conditioned medium from CRC or BC cells supported HUVEC tube formation, the conditioned medium from Nef-M1 treated CRC or BC cells did not support tube formation. Western blot analyses revealed that Nef-M1 effectively suppressed the expression of VEGF-A in CRC and BC cells and tumors. This suggests that Nef-M1 treated CRC and BC cells are more consistent with E-cadherin signature, and thus appears more epithelial in nature. Our data indicate that Nef-M1 peptide inhibits tumor angiogenesis and the oncogenic EMT process. Targeting the chemokine receptor, CXCR4, mediated pathways using Nef-M1 may prove to be a novel therapeutic approach for CRC and BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venkat R Katkoori
- Department of Surgery, Michigan State University, College of Human Medicine, Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Marc D Basson
- Department of Surgery, Michigan State University, College of Human Medicine, Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Vincent C Bond
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Biochemistry, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Upender Manne
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Harvey L Bumpers
- Department of Surgery, Michigan State University, College of Human Medicine, Lansing, MI, USA
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221
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Pedrosa AR, Trindade A, Carvalho C, Graça J, Carvalho S, Peleteiro MC, Adams RH, Duarte A. Endothelial Jagged1 promotes solid tumor growth through both pro-angiogenic and angiocrine functions. Oncotarget 2016. [PMID: 26213336 PMCID: PMC4695194 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.4380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis is an essential process required for tumor growth and progression. The Notch signaling pathway has been identified as a key regulator of the neo-angiogenic process. Jagged-1 (Jag1) is a Notch ligand required for embryonic and retinal vascular development, which direct contribution to the regulation of tumor angiogenesis remains to be fully characterized. The current study addresses the role of endothelial Jagged1-mediated Notch signaling in the context of tumoral angiogenesis in two different mouse tumor models: subcutaneous Lewis Lung Carcinoma (LLC) tumor transplants and the autochthonous Transgenic Adenocarcinoma of the Mouse Prostate (TRAMP). The role of endothelial Jagged1 in tumor growth and neo-angiogenesis was investigated with endothelial-specific Jag1 gain- and loss-of-function mouse mutants (eJag1OE and eJag1cKO). By modulating levels of endothelial Jag1, we observed that this ligand regulates tumor vessel density, branching, and perivascular maturation, thus affecting tumor vascular perfusion. The pro-angiogenic function is exerted by its ability to positively regulate levels of Vegfr-2 while negatively regulating Vegfr-1. Additionally, endothelial Jagged1 appears to exert an angiocrine function possibly by activating Notch3/Hey1 in tumor cells, promoting proliferation, survival and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), potentiating tumor development. These findings provide valuable mechanistic insights into the role of endothelial Jagged1 in promoting solid tumor development and support the notion that it may constitute a promising target for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana-Rita Pedrosa
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação em Sanidade Animal (CIISA), University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Alexandre Trindade
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação em Sanidade Animal (CIISA), University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal.,Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Catarina Carvalho
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação em Sanidade Animal (CIISA), University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - José Graça
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação em Sanidade Animal (CIISA), University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Sandra Carvalho
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação em Sanidade Animal (CIISA), University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Maria C Peleteiro
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação em Sanidade Animal (CIISA), University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Ralf H Adams
- Department of Tissue Morphogenesis, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Muenster, Germany.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - António Duarte
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação em Sanidade Animal (CIISA), University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal.,Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Oeiras, Portugal
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222
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Ghilardi C, Silini A, Figini S, Anastasia A, Lupi M, Fruscio R, Giavazzi R, Bani MR. Trypsinogen 4 boosts tumor endothelial cells migration through proteolysis of tissue factor pathway inhibitor-2. Oncotarget 2016; 6:28389-400. [PMID: 26318044 PMCID: PMC4695067 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.4949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2015] [Accepted: 07/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Proteases contribute to cancer in many ways, including tumor vascularization and metastasis, and their pharmacological inhibition is a potential anticancer strategy. We report that human endothelial cells (EC) express the trypsinogen 4 isoform of the serine protease 3 (PRSS3), and lack both PRSS2 and PRSS1. Trypsinogen 4 expression was upregulated by the combined action of VEGF-A, FGF-2 and EGF, angiogenic factors representative of the tumor microenvironment. Suppression of trypsinogen 4 expression by siRNA inhibited the angiogenic milieu-induced migration of EC from cancer specimens (tumor-EC), but did not affect EC from normal tissues. We identified tissue factor pathway inhibitor-2 (TFPI-2), a matrix associated inhibitor of cell motility, as the functional target of trypsinogen 4, which cleaved TFPI-2 and removed it from the matrix put down by tumor-EC. Silencing tumor-EC for trypsinogen 4 accumulated TFPI2 in the matrix. Showing that angiogenic factors stimulate trypsinogen 4 expression, which hydrolyses TFPI-2 favoring a pro-migratory situation, our study suggests a new pathway linking tumor microenvironment signals to endothelial cell migration, which is essential for angiogenesis and blood vessel remodeling. Abolishing trypsinogen 4 functions might be an exploitable strategy as anticancer, particularly anti-vascular, therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Ghilardi
- Laboratory of Biology and Treatment of Metastases, IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Milan, Italy
| | - Antonietta Silini
- Laboratory of Biology and Treatment of Metastases, IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Milan, Italy
| | - Sara Figini
- Laboratory of Biology and Treatment of Metastases, IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessia Anastasia
- Laboratory of Biology and Treatment of Metastases, IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Milan, Italy
| | - Monica Lupi
- Laboratory of Cancer Pharmacology, IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Milan, Italy
| | - Robert Fruscio
- Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Milan-Bicocca, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy
| | - Raffaella Giavazzi
- Laboratory of Biology and Treatment of Metastases, IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Rosa Bani
- Laboratory of Biology and Treatment of Metastases, IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Milan, Italy
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223
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Cai Y, Zhang J, Lao X, Jiang H, Yu Y, Deng Y, Zhong J, Liang Y, Xiong L, Deng N. Construction of a disulfide-stabilized diabody against fibroblast growth factor-2 and the inhibition activity in targeting breast cancer. Cancer Sci 2016; 107:1141-50. [PMID: 27251178 PMCID: PMC4982589 DOI: 10.1111/cas.12981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2016] [Revised: 05/27/2016] [Accepted: 05/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibroblast growth factor‐2 (FGF‐2) is one of the most important angiogenic factors to promote tumor growth, progression and metastasis. Neutralizing antibodies against FGF‐2 may suppress the growth of tumor cells by blocking the FGF‐2 signaling pathway. In this study, a disulfide‐stabilized diabody (ds‐Diabody) that specifically targets FGF‐2 was designed. Compared to its parent antibody, the introduction of disulphide bonds in the diabody could significantly increase the stability of ds‐Diabody and maintain its antigen binding activity. The ds‐Diabody against FGF‐2 could effectively inhibit the tube formation and migration of vascular endothelial cells and block the proliferation and invasion of human breast cancer cells. In the mouse model of breast cancer xenograft tumors, the ds‐Diabody against FGF‐2 could significantly inhibit the growth of tumor cells. Moreover, the densities of microvessels stained with CD31 and lymphatic vessels stained with LYVE1 in tumors showed a significant decrease following treatment with the ds‐Diabody against FGF‐2. Our data indicated that the ds‐Diabody against FGF‐2 could inhibit tumor angiogenesis, lymphangiogenesis and tumor growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaxiong Cai
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Antibody Engineering, Biomedicine Translational Institute in Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinxia Zhang
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Antibody Engineering, Biomedicine Translational Institute in Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuejun Lao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the First Clinical School in Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haowu Jiang
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Antibody Engineering, Biomedicine Translational Institute in Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yunfei Yu
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Antibody Engineering, Biomedicine Translational Institute in Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanrui Deng
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Antibody Engineering, Biomedicine Translational Institute in Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiangchuan Zhong
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Antibody Engineering, Biomedicine Translational Institute in Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yiye Liang
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Antibody Engineering, Biomedicine Translational Institute in Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Likuan Xiong
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Birth Defects in Baoan Maternal and Child Health Care Affiliated Hospital in Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ning Deng
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Antibody Engineering, Biomedicine Translational Institute in Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Birth Defects in Baoan Maternal and Child Health Care Affiliated Hospital in Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
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224
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Kather JN, Marx A, Reyes-Aldasoro CC, Schad LR, Zöllner FG, Weis CA. Continuous representation of tumor microvessel density and detection of angiogenic hotspots in histological whole-slide images. Oncotarget 2016; 6:19163-76. [PMID: 26061817 PMCID: PMC4662482 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.4383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2015] [Accepted: 04/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Blood vessels in solid tumors are not randomly distributed, but are clustered in angiogenic hotspots. Tumor microvessel density (MVD) within these hotspots correlates with patient survival and is widely used both in diagnostic routine and in clinical trials. Still, these hotspots are usually subjectively defined. There is no unbiased, continuous and explicit representation of tumor vessel distribution in histological whole slide images. This shortcoming distorts angiogenesis measurements and may account for ambiguous results in the literature. In the present study, we describe and evaluate a new method that eliminates this bias and makes angiogenesis quantification more objective and more efficient. Our approach involves automatic slide scanning, automatic image analysis and spatial statistical analysis. By comparing a continuous MVD function of the actual sample to random point patterns, we introduce an objective criterion for hotspot detection: An angiogenic hotspot is defined as a clustering of blood vessels that is very unlikely to occur randomly. We evaluate the proposed method in N=11 images of human colorectal carcinoma samples and compare the results to a blinded human observer. For the first time, we demonstrate the existence of statistically significant hotspots in tumor images and provide a tool to accurately detect these hotspots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakob Nikolas Kather
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Centre Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany.,Computer Assisted Clinical Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Alexander Marx
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Centre Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | | | - Lothar R Schad
- Computer Assisted Clinical Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Frank Gerrit Zöllner
- Computer Assisted Clinical Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Cleo-Aron Weis
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Centre Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
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225
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Cumpănas AA, Cimpean AM, Ferician O, Ceausu RA, Sarb S, Barbos V, Dema A, Raica M. The Involvement of PDGF-B/PDGFRβ Axis in the Resistance to Antiangiogenic and Antivascular Therapy in Renal Cancer. Anticancer Res 2016; 36:2291-2295. [PMID: 27127135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Studies developed in the field of platelet-derived growth factors/platelet-derived growth factor receptors (PDGFs/PDGFRs) inhibition have focused on the therapeutic effects on tumor cells, neglecting their potential effects on tumor blood vessels. We herein propose a differential and critic assessment of platelet-derived growth factor B (PDGF-B) and platelet-derived growth factor receptor β (PDGFRβ) in renal cell carcinoma, correlated with the four main vascular patterns previously reported by our team. MATERIALS AND METHODS PDGF-B and PDGFRβ were evaluated on 50 archival paraffin embedded specimens related to vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), its inhibitory isoform VEGF165b and vascular patterns. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION Our results support the involvement of VEGF165b in the phosphorylation of PDGFRβ with an inhibitory effect on endothelial proliferation and migration. The simultaneous action of PDGF-B/PDGFRβ and VEGF165b on the same type of receptor may explain the resistance to antiangiogenic therapy, which depends on the degree of modulation of PDGFRβ phosphorylation.
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MESH Headings
- Angiogenesis Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology
- Becaplermin
- Carcinoma, Renal Cell/blood supply
- Carcinoma, Renal Cell/chemistry
- Carcinoma, Renal Cell/drug therapy
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/physiology
- Humans
- Kidney Neoplasms/blood supply
- Kidney Neoplasms/chemistry
- Kidney Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/drug therapy
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/metabolism
- Phosphorylation
- Protein Kinase Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Protein Processing, Post-Translational
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-sis/analysis
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-sis/physiology
- Receptor, Platelet-Derived Growth Factor beta/analysis
- Receptor, Platelet-Derived Growth Factor beta/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptor, Platelet-Derived Growth Factor beta/physiology
- Retrospective Studies
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/analysis
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/physiology
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Affiliation(s)
- Alin Adrian Cumpănas
- Department of Ortophedic Surgery, Traumatology and Urology, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Anca Maria Cimpean
- Department of Microscopic Morphology/Histology, Angiogenesis Research Center, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Ovidiu Ferician
- Department of Ortophedic Surgery, Traumatology and Urology, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Raluca Amalia Ceausu
- Department of Microscopic Morphology/Histology, Angiogenesis Research Center, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Simona Sarb
- Department of Microscopic Morphology/Histology, Angiogenesis Research Center, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Vlad Barbos
- Department of Microscopic Morphology/Histology, Angiogenesis Research Center, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Alice Dema
- Department of Pathology, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Marius Raica
- Department of Microscopic Morphology/Histology, Angiogenesis Research Center, Timisoara, Romania
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226
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Harris H, Wolk A, Larsson A, Vasson MP, Basu S. Soluble vascular endothelial growth factor receptors 2 (sVEGFR-2) and 3 (sVEGFR-3) and breast cancer risk in the Swedish Mammography Cohort. Int J Mol Epidemiol Genet 2016; 7:81-86. [PMID: 27186332 PMCID: PMC4858620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2015] [Accepted: 02/29/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a signalling protein that has been established as a contributor to tumor angiogenesis, and expression of VEGF and its soluble receptors (sVEGFR2 and sVEGFR3) have been demonstrated in breast cancer cells. However, no prospective studies have examined the association between prediagnostic sVEGFR levels and breast cancer risk. We conducted a prospective case-control study nested within the Swedish Mammography Cohort examining the association between sVEGFR2 and 3 levels and breast cancer risk. The analysis included 69 incident breast cancer cases diagnosed after blood collection and 719 controls. Logistic regression models were used to calculate odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals. After adjustment for breast cancer risk factors, sVEGFR2 levels were associated with breast cancer risk (OR=1.28; 95% CI=1.06-1.56 per 1000 ng/L increase in concentration) while sVEGFR3 levels were not related to such risk (OR=1.00; 95% CI=0.93-1.07). Our results suggest that sVEGFR2 levels may be positively associated with breast cancer risk, however future studies with larger case groups are necessary to confirm this association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holly Harris
- Division of Nutritional Epidemiology, The National Institute for Environmental Medicine, Karolinska InstitutetStockholm, Sweden
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Epidemiology Center, Brigham and Women’s HospitalBoston, Massachusetts, USA
- Program in Epidemiology, Division of Public Health, Fred Hutchinson Cancer CenterSeattle, WA, USA
| | - Alicja Wolk
- Division of Nutritional Epidemiology, The National Institute for Environmental Medicine, Karolinska InstitutetStockholm, Sweden
| | - Anders Larsson
- Department of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Uppsala UniversityUppsala, Sweden
| | - Marie-Paule Vasson
- Laboratoire de Biochimie, Biologie Moléculaire et Nutrition, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université d’Auvergne, Clermont-FerrandClermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Samar Basu
- Laboratoire de Biochimie, Biologie Moléculaire et Nutrition, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université d’Auvergne, Clermont-FerrandClermont-Ferrand, France
- Oxidative Stress and Inflammation, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Uppsala UniversityUppsala, Sweden
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227
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Clarke CJ, Berg TJ, Birch J, Ennis D, Mitchell L, Cloix C, Campbell A, Sumpton D, Nixon C, Campbell K, Bridgeman VL, Vermeulen PB, Foo S, Kostaras E, Jones JL, Haywood L, Pulleine E, Yin H, Strathdee D, Sansom O, Blyth K, McNeish I, Zanivan S, Reynolds AR, Norman JC. The Initiator Methionine tRNA Drives Secretion of Type II Collagen from Stromal Fibroblasts to Promote Tumor Growth and Angiogenesis. Curr Biol 2016; 26:755-65. [PMID: 26948875 PMCID: PMC4819511 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2016.01.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2015] [Revised: 12/07/2015] [Accepted: 01/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Expression of the initiator methionine tRNA (tRNAi(Met)) is deregulated in cancer. Despite this fact, it is not currently known how tRNAi(Met) expression levels influence tumor progression. We have found that tRNAi(Met) expression is increased in carcinoma-associated fibroblasts, implicating deregulated expression of tRNAi(Met) in the tumor stroma as a possible contributor to tumor progression. To investigate how elevated stromal tRNAi(Met) contributes to tumor progression, we generated a mouse expressing additional copies of the tRNAi(Met) gene (2+tRNAi(Met) mouse). Growth and vascularization of subcutaneous tumor allografts was enhanced in 2+tRNAi(Met) mice compared with wild-type littermate controls. Extracellular matrix (ECM) deposited by fibroblasts from 2+tRNAi(Met) mice supported enhanced endothelial cell and fibroblast migration. SILAC mass spectrometry indicated that elevated expression of tRNAi(Met) significantly increased synthesis and secretion of certain types of collagen, in particular type II collagen. Suppression of type II collagen opposed the ability of tRNAi(Met)-overexpressing fibroblasts to deposit pro-migratory ECM. We used the prolyl hydroxylase inhibitor ethyl-3,4-dihydroxybenzoate (DHB) to determine whether collagen synthesis contributes to the tRNAi(Met)-driven pro-tumorigenic stroma in vivo. DHB had no effect on the growth of syngeneic allografts in wild-type mice but opposed the ability of 2+tRNAi(Met) mice to support increased angiogenesis and tumor growth. Finally, collagen II expression predicts poor prognosis in high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma. Taken together, these data indicate that increased tRNAi(Met) levels contribute to tumor progression by enhancing the ability of stromal fibroblasts to synthesize and secrete a type II collagen-rich ECM that supports endothelial cell migration and angiogenesis.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Breast Neoplasms/genetics
- Breast Neoplasms/pathology
- Collagen Type II/genetics
- Collagen Type II/metabolism
- Extracellular Matrix/metabolism
- Extracellular Matrix/pathology
- Female
- Fibroblasts/metabolism
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Humans
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Transgenic
- Neoplasms, Experimental/genetics
- Neoplasms, Experimental/pathology
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/genetics
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/pathology
- Ovarian Neoplasms/genetics
- Ovarian Neoplasms/mortality
- Ovarian Neoplasms/pathology
- RNA, Transfer, Met/genetics
- RNA, Transfer, Met/metabolism
- Stromal Cells/pathology
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Affiliation(s)
- Cassie J Clarke
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
| | - Tracy J Berg
- Tumour Biology Team, The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, Mary-Jean Mitchell Green Building, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW3 6JB, UK
| | - Joanna Birch
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
| | - Darren Ennis
- Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G611QH, UK
| | - Louise Mitchell
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
| | - Catherine Cloix
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
| | - Andrew Campbell
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
| | - David Sumpton
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
| | - Colin Nixon
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
| | - Kirsteen Campbell
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
| | - Victoria L Bridgeman
- Tumour Biology Team, The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, Mary-Jean Mitchell Green Building, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW3 6JB, UK
| | - Peter B Vermeulen
- Tumour Biology Team, The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, Mary-Jean Mitchell Green Building, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW3 6JB, UK; Translational Cancer Research Unit, GZA Hospitals St. Augustinus, Wilrijk 2610, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Shane Foo
- Tumour Biology Team, The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, Mary-Jean Mitchell Green Building, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW3 6JB, UK
| | - Eleftherios Kostaras
- Tumour Biology Team, The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, Mary-Jean Mitchell Green Building, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW3 6JB, UK
| | - J Louise Jones
- Centre for Tumour Biology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Linda Haywood
- Centre for Tumour Biology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Ellie Pulleine
- School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8LT, UK
| | - Huabing Yin
- School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8LT, UK
| | - Douglas Strathdee
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
| | - Owen Sansom
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
| | - Karen Blyth
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
| | - Iain McNeish
- Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G611QH, UK
| | - Sara Zanivan
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
| | - Andrew R Reynolds
- Tumour Biology Team, The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, Mary-Jean Mitchell Green Building, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW3 6JB, UK.
| | - Jim C Norman
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK.
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228
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Hongu T, Yamauchi Y, Funakoshi Y, Katagiri N, Ohbayashi N, Kanaho Y. Pathological functions of the small GTPase Arf6 in cancer progression: Tumor angiogenesis and metastasis. Small GTPases 2016; 7:47-53. [PMID: 26909552 PMCID: PMC4905277 DOI: 10.1080/21541248.2016.1154640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Although several lines of evidence have shown that the small GTPase ADP-ribosylation factor 6 (Arf6) plays pivotal roles in cancer progression of several types of cancers, little is known about the functions of Arf6 in tumor microenvironment. We demonstrated that Arf6 in vascular endothelial cells (VECs) plays a crucial role in tumor angiogenesis and growth using endothelial cell-specific Arf6 conditional knockout mice into which B16 melanoma and Lewis lung carcinoma cells were implanted. It was also found that Arf6 in VECs positively regulates hepatocyte growth factor (HGF)-induced β1 integrin recycling, which is a critical event for tumor angiogenesis by promoting cell migration. Importantly, pharmacological inhibition of HGF-induced Arf6 activation significantly suppresses tumor angiogenesis and growth in mice, suggesting that Arf6 signaling would be a potential target for anti-angiogenic therapy. In this manuscript, we summarize the multiple roles of Arf6 in cancer progression, particularly in cancer cell invasion/metastasis and our recent findings on tumor angiogenesis, and discuss a possible approach to develop innovative anti-cancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsunaki Hongu
- a Department of Physiological Chemistry , Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba , Tsukuba , Japan
| | - Yohei Yamauchi
- a Department of Physiological Chemistry , Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba , Tsukuba , Japan
| | - Yuji Funakoshi
- a Department of Physiological Chemistry , Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba , Tsukuba , Japan
| | - Naohiro Katagiri
- a Department of Physiological Chemistry , Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba , Tsukuba , Japan
| | - Norihiko Ohbayashi
- a Department of Physiological Chemistry , Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba , Tsukuba , Japan
| | - Yasunori Kanaho
- a Department of Physiological Chemistry , Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba , Tsukuba , Japan
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229
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Abstract
The vascular basement membrane (BM) is a thin and dense cross-linked extracellular matrix layer that covers and protects blood vessels. Understanding how cells cross the physical barrier of the vascular BM will provide greater insight into the potentially critical role of vascular BM breaching in cancer extravasation, leukocyte trafficking and angiogenic sprouting. In the last year, new evidence has mechanistically linked the breaching of vascular BM with the formation of specific cellular micro-domains known as podosomes and invadopodia. These structures are specialized cell-matrix contacts with an inherent ability to degrade the extracellular matrix. Specifically, the formation of podosomes or invadopodia was shown as an important step in vascular sprouting and tumor cell extravasation, respectively. Here, we review and comment on these recent findings and explore the functions of podosomes and invadopodia within the context of pathological processes such as tumor dissemination and tumor angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgio Seano
- a Laboratory of Cell Migration ; Candiolo Cancer Institute - FPO; IRCCS ; Turin , Italy
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230
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Lv X, Wang Y, Song Y, Pang X, Li H. Association between ALDH1+/CD133+ stem-like cells and tumor angiogenesis in invasive ductal breast carcinoma. Oncol Lett 2016; 11:1750-1756. [PMID: 26998072 PMCID: PMC4774434 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2016.4145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2014] [Accepted: 12/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The growth and metastasis of tumors is dependent on angiogenesis; however, the association between tumor stem cells (TSCs) and tumor angiogenesis remains to be elucidated. The present study aimed to investigate the expression of the TSC markers aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 (ALDH1) and cluster of differentiation 133 (CD133) in invasive ductal breast carcinoma, and identify their correlation with tumor angiogenesis. Stem-like cells from the breast tissue of 120 patients, who were diagnosed with invasive ductal breast carcinoma at The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University (Zhengzhou, Henan, China) between January 2009 and December 2010, were collected by surgical resection and analyzed using immunohistochemical double staining. The expression of the vascular markers CD34, CD105 and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were determined using single staining. Overall, 25.83% (31/120) of the specimens contained a large number of ALDH1+/CD133+ stem-like cells (ALDH1+/CD133+ tumor). ALDH1+/CD133+ expression is associated with microvessel density, VEGF-positive rate and estrogen receptor expression (P<0.05); however, ALDH1+/CD133+ expression was not associated with age, tumor diameter, lymph node metastasis, histological classification, progesterone receptor expression or human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 expression (P>0.05). The ALDH1+/CD133+ tumor phenotype and expression of VEGF were identified to be correlated in the present study (P=0.020). The present study revealed a close association between breast cancer TSC markers, including ALDH1 and CD133, and tumor angiogenesis. The results of the present study may provide a novel target and treatment strategy for future studies investigating tumor growth and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinquan Lv
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China
| | - Yingzi Wang
- Department of Nephropathy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China
| | - Yimin Song
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China
| | - Xia Pang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China
| | - Huixiang Li
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China
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Achyut BR, Shankar A, Iskander ASM, Ara R, Knight RA, Scicli AG, Arbab AS. Chimeric Mouse model to track the migration of bone marrow derived cells in glioblastoma following anti-angiogenic treatments. Cancer Biol Ther 2016; 17:280-90. [PMID: 26797476 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2016.1139243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone marrow derived cells (BMDCs) have been shown to contribute in the tumor development. In vivo animal models to investigate the role of BMDCs in tumor development are poorly explored. We established a novel chimeric mouse model using as low as 5 × 10(6) GFP+ BM cells in athymic nude mice, which resulted in >70% engraftment within 14 d. In addition, chimera was established in NOD-SCID mice, which displayed >70% with in 28 d. Since anti-angiogenic therapies (AAT) were used as an adjuvant against VEGF-VEGFR pathway to normalize blood vessels in glioblastoma (GBM), which resulted into marked hypoxia and recruited BMDCs to the tumor microenvironment (TME). We exploited chimeric mice in athymic nude background to develop orthotopic U251 tumor and tested receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors and CXCR4 antagonist against GBM. We were able to track GFP+ BMDCs in the tumor brain using highly sensitive multispectral optical imaging instrument. Increased tumor growth associated with the infiltration of GFP+ BMDCs acquiring suppressive myeloid and endothelial phenotypes was seen in TME following treatments. Immunofluorescence study showed GFP+ cells accumulated at the site of VEGF, SDF1 and PDGF expression, and at the periphery of the tumors following treatments. In conclusion, we developed a preclinical chimeric model of GBM and phenotypes of tumor infiltrated BMDCs were investigated in context of AATs. Chimeric mouse model could be used to study detailed cellular and molecular mechanisms of interaction of BMDCs and TME in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- B R Achyut
- a Tumor Angiogenesis Laboratory, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Cancer Center, Georgia Regents University , Augusta , GA , USA
| | - Adarsh Shankar
- a Tumor Angiogenesis Laboratory, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Cancer Center, Georgia Regents University , Augusta , GA , USA
| | - A S M Iskander
- a Tumor Angiogenesis Laboratory, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Cancer Center, Georgia Regents University , Augusta , GA , USA
| | - Roxan Ara
- a Tumor Angiogenesis Laboratory, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Cancer Center, Georgia Regents University , Augusta , GA , USA
| | | | - Alfonso G Scicli
- c Cellular and Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Henry Ford Health System , Detroit , MI , USA
| | - Ali S Arbab
- a Tumor Angiogenesis Laboratory, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Cancer Center, Georgia Regents University , Augusta , GA , USA
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Azoitei N, Becher A, Steinestel K, Rouhi A, Diepold K, Genze F, Simmet T, Seufferlein T. PKM2 promotes tumor angiogenesis by regulating HIF-1α through NF-κB activation. Mol Cancer 2016; 15:3. [PMID: 26739387 PMCID: PMC4704385 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-015-0490-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 217] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2015] [Accepted: 12/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Initially identified as a molecule that regulates the final step of glycolysis, the M2 isoform of pyruvate kinase (PKM2) was recently reported to have a central role in the metabolic reprogramming of cancer cells as well as participating in cell cycle progression and gene transcription. Despite intensive efforts, the intricate molecular mechanisms through which PKM2 regulates tumor progression remain elusive. METHODS The proliferation and apoptosis of various pancreatic cancer cells using lentiviral-mediated PKM2 abrogation were assessed in vitro via Western blot and flow cytometric assay while the in vivo experiments involved tumor xenograft on chicken chorionallantoic membranes and immunohistochemistry on human tissue specimens. In order to decipher the molecular mechanism of HIF-1α and p65/RelA regulation by PKM2 in cancer cells cultivated in hypoxic atmosphere or normoxia we involved various biochemical assays such as Western blotting, immunoprecipitation, reporter gene assay and ELISA. RESULTS Strong expression of PKM2 was observed in 68 % of human pancreatic adenocarcinoma specimens and almost all analyzed pancreatic cancer cell lines. Abrogation of PKM2 resulted in impaired proliferation and augmented apoptosis in vitro as well as impaired tumor growth and decreased blood vessel formation in vivo. Furthermore, deletion of PKM2 negatively impacted hypoxia-induced HIF-1α accumulation and promoter activity ultimately resulting in impaired secretion of VEGF. CONCLUSIONS Our study suggests that in hypoxic pancreatic tumors PKM2 interferes both with NF-κB/p65 and HIF-1α activation that ultimately triggers VEGF-A secretion and subsequent blood vessel formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ninel Azoitei
- Center for Internal Medicine I, University of Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 23, 89081, Ulm, Germany.
| | - Alexander Becher
- Center for Internal Medicine I, University of Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 23, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Konrad Steinestel
- Gerhard-Domagk-Institute of Pathology, University of Münster, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Arefeh Rouhi
- Center for Internal Medicine III, University of Ulm, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Kristina Diepold
- Center for Internal Medicine I, University of Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 23, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Felicitas Genze
- Institute of Pharmacology of Natural Products & Clinical Pharmacology, University of Ulm, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Thomas Simmet
- Institute of Pharmacology of Natural Products & Clinical Pharmacology, University of Ulm, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Thomas Seufferlein
- Center for Internal Medicine I, University of Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 23, 89081, Ulm, Germany
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GAO YING, RANKIN GARYO, TU YOUYING, CHEN YICHARLIE. Theaflavin-3, 3'-digallate decreases human ovarian carcinoma OVCAR-3 cell-induced angiogenesis via Akt and Notch-1 pathways, not via MAPK pathways. Int J Oncol 2016; 48:281-92. [PMID: 26648098 PMCID: PMC4734601 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2015.3257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2015] [Accepted: 10/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Theaflavin-3, 3'-digallate (TF3) is a black tea polyphenol produced from polymerization and oxidization of the green tea ployphenols epicatechin gallate and (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) during fermentation of fresh tea leaves. TF3 has been reported to have anticancer properties. However, the effect of TF3 on tumor angiogenesis and the underlying mechanisms are not clear. In the present study, TF3 was verified to inhibit tumor angiogenesis. Compared with EGCG, TF3 was more potent. TF3 inhibited human ovarian carcinoma OVCAR-3 cell-induced angiogenesis in human umbilical vein endothelial cell model and in chick chorioallantoic membrane model. TF3 reduced tumor angiogenesis by downregulating HIF-1α and VEGF. One of the mechanisms was TF3 inactivated Akt/mTOR/p70S6K/4E-BP1 pathway and Akt/c-Myc pathway. Besides, TF3 suppressed the cleavage of Notch-1, subsequently decreased the expression of c-Myc, HIF-1α and VEGF, and finally the impaired cancer cells induced angiogenesis. Nevertheless, TF3 did not have any influence on the MAPK pathways. Taken together, these findings suggest that TF3 might serve as a potential anti-angiogenic agent for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- YING GAO
- Department of Tea Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, P.R. China
- College of Science, Technology and Mathematics, Alderson Broaddus University, Philippi, WV 26416, USA
| | - GARY O. RANKIN
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology and Toxicology, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV 25755, USA
| | - YOUYING TU
- Department of Tea Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, P.R. China
| | - YI CHARLIE CHEN
- College of Science, Technology and Mathematics, Alderson Broaddus University, Philippi, WV 26416, USA
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Khochenkov DA, Solomko ES, Peretolchina NM, Ryabaya OO, Stepanova EV. Antiangiogenic Activity of Alofanib, an Allosteric Inhibitor of Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 2. Bull Exp Biol Med 2015; 160:84-7. [PMID: 26597690 DOI: 10.1007/s10517-015-3104-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Alofanib is a potential allosteric inhibitor of FGFR2 used in oncology. The inhibitor blocks the extracellular part of the receptor and prevents its binding with the ligand. Alofanib suppressed proliferation of endothelial cells, their migration activity, and ability to form vessellike structures in vitro and significantly decreased the number of microvessels in Matrigel implant and in ovarian cancer (SKOV-3) xenograft in vivo. The results indicate that Alofanib can inhibit angiogenesis.
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Abstract
The oncolytic virotherapy field has made significant advances in the last decade, with a rapidly increasing number of early- and late-stage clinical trials, some of them showing safety and promising therapeutic efficacy. Targeting tumor vasculature by oncolytic viruses (OVs) is an attractive strategy that offers several advantages over nontargeted viruses, including improved tumor viral entry, direct antivascular effects, and enhanced antitumor efficacy. Current understanding of the biological mechanisms of tumor neovascularization, novel vascular targets, and mechanisms of resistance has allowed the development of oncolytic viral vectors designed to target tumor neovessels. While some OVs (such as vaccinia and vesicular stomatitis virus) can intrinsically target tumor vasculature and induce vascular disruption, the majority of reported vascular-targeted viruses are the result of genetic manipulation of their viral genomes. Such strategies include transcriptional or transductional endothelial targeting, "armed" viruses able to downregulate angiogenic factors, or to express antiangiogenic molecules. The above strategies have shown preclinical safety and improved antitumor efficacy, either alone, or in combination with standard or targeted agents. This review focuses on the recent efforts toward the development of vascular-targeted OVs for cancer treatment and provides a translational/clinical perspective into the future development of new generation biological agents for human cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcela Toro Bejarano
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Jaime R Merchan
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miami, FL, USA
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236
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Cai L, Xu S, Piao C, Qiu S, Li H, Du J. Adiponectin induces CXCL1 secretion from cancer cells and promotes tumor angiogenesis by inducing stromal fibroblast senescence. Mol Carcinog 2015; 55:1796-1806. [PMID: 27092462 DOI: 10.1002/mc.22428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2015] [Revised: 09/30/2015] [Accepted: 10/18/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Adiponectin is an adipocyte-specific adipocytokine with proliferative and pro-angiogenic effects that regulates many biological processes, including immunity, insulin resistance, and inflammation. The oncogenic role of adiponectin has been implicated in several cancer types. Stromal cells within tumor contribute tumor growth and angiogenesis; however, it is not clear that how adiponectin regulates stromal cell-mediated tumorigenesis. In this study, using the tumor xenograft models, we demonstrated that tumor development was severely impaired in mouse subcutaneous cancer tissue and metastasis tumor tissue in adiponectin knockout mice. Our results indicated adiponectin deficiency resulted in decrease of blood vessel and stromal senescent fibroblasts in subcutaneous and metastasis tumor tissue. These observations were confirmed in vitro, in which co-cultured tumor cells and fibroblasts treated with adiponectin promoted ECs tube formation. A secretion of CXCL1 by adiponectin-treated tumor cells was observed during the process of inducing stromal fibroblast senescence. Furthermore, stromal cells senescence was through p53 and p16 pathways. Taken together, our results indicate that adiponectin promotes stromal cell senescence within invasive colon cancer contributing to angiogenesis and tumor growth in part through the production of CXCL1 and may serve as a therapeutic target for tumor patients. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lun Cai
- The Key Laboratory of Remodeling-Related Cardiovascular Diseases Ministry of Education, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Chaoyang District, Beijing, China
| | - Shengyuan Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Remodeling-Related Cardiovascular Diseases Ministry of Education, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Chaoyang District, Beijing, China
| | - Chunmei Piao
- The Key Laboratory of Remodeling-Related Cardiovascular Diseases Ministry of Education, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Chaoyang District, Beijing, China
| | - Shulan Qiu
- The Key Laboratory of Remodeling-Related Cardiovascular Diseases Ministry of Education, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Chaoyang District, Beijing, China
| | - Huihua Li
- Department of Pathology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Du
- The Key Laboratory of Remodeling-Related Cardiovascular Diseases Ministry of Education, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Chaoyang District, Beijing, China.
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237
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Van Mourik TR, Läppchen T, Rossin R, Van Beijnum JR, Macdonald JR, Mayo KH, Griffioen AW, Nicolay K, Grüll H. Evaluation of 111In-labeled Anginex as Potential SPECT Tracer for Imaging of Tumor Angiogenesis. Anticancer Res 2015; 35:5945-5954. [PMID: 26504018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Angiogenesis is a prerequisite for solid tumors to grow and metastasize, providing oxygen and nutrients to the tumor site. The protein galectin-1 has been identified to be overexpressed on tumor vasculature and represents an interesting target for anti-angiogenic therapy, as well as in molecular imaging. Therefore, the galectin-1-binding peptide Anginex was modified for radiolabeling using (111)In. In vitro, (111)In-Ax showed significantly more binding to galectin-1-positive EC-RF24 and MDA-MB-231-LITG cells than to galectin-1-negative LS174T cells and association with EC-RF24 cells was reduced in the presence of excess native Anginex. However, ex vivo biodistribution profiles showed little tumor uptake of (111)In-Ax and extensive accumulation in non-target organs. Although this study shows the ease of modification of the therapeutic peptide Anginex and favorable characteristics in vitro, in vivo assessment of the tracer revealed negligible tumor targeting. Hence, the strategy we employed lends little support for successful non-invasive imaging of tumor angiogenesis using this peptide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiemen R Van Mourik
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands
| | - Tilman Läppchen
- Oncology Solutions, Philips Research, Eindhoven, the Netherlands
| | - Raffaella Rossin
- Oncology Solutions, Philips Research, Eindhoven, the Netherlands Tagworks Pharmaceuticals, Eindhoven, the Netherlands
| | - Judy R Van Beijnum
- Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Medical Oncology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Kevin H Mayo
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, U.S.A
| | - Arjan W Griffioen
- Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Medical Oncology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Klaas Nicolay
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands
| | - Holger Grüll
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands Oncology Solutions, Philips Research, Eindhoven, the Netherlands
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Lee S, Barbe MF, Scalia R, Goldfinger LE. Three-dimensional reconstruction of neovasculature in solid tumors and basement membrane matrix using ex vivo X-ray microcomputed tomography. Microcirculation 2015; 21:159-70. [PMID: 25279426 DOI: 10.1111/micc.12102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2013] [Accepted: 10/22/2013] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To create accurate, high-resolution 3D reconstructions of neovasculature structures in xenografted tumors and Matrigel plugs for quantitative analyses in angiogenesis studies in animal models. METHODS The competent neovasculature within xenografted solid tumors or Matrigel plugs in mice was perfused with Microfil, a radioopaque, hydrophilic polymerizing contrast agent, by systemic perfusion of the blood circulation via the heart. The perfused tumors and plugs were resected and scanned by X-ray micro-CT to generate stacks of 2D images showing the radioopaque material. A nonbiased, precise postprocessing scheme was employed to eliminate background X-ray absorbance from the extravascular tissue. The revised binary image stacks were compiled to reveal the Microfil-casted neovasculature as 3D reconstructions. Vascular structural parameters were calculated from the refined 3D reconstructions using the scanner software. RESULTS Clarified 3D reconstructions were sufficiently precise to allow measurements of vascular architecture to a diametric limit of resolution of 3 μm in tumors and plugs. CONCLUSIONS Ex vivo micro-CT can be used for 3D reconstruction and quantitative analysis of neovasculature including microcirculation in solid tumors and Matrigel plugs. This method can be generally applied for reconstructing and measuring vascular structures in three dimensions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seunghyung Lee
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; The Sol Sherry Thrombosis Research Center, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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239
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Guan L. Angiogenesis dependent characteristics of tumor observed on rabbit VX2 hepatic carcinoma. Int J Clin Exp Pathol 2015; 8:12014-12027. [PMID: 26722387 PMCID: PMC4680332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2015] [Accepted: 09/24/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate angiogenesis dependent characteristics of carcinoma proliferation, metastasis and to found if there is tumor vascularity architecture defect. METHODS 36 rabbits were random divided into 2 groups: Experimental group: 18 rabbits liver were implanted with VX2 tumor by surgery operation; CONTROL GROUP 18 experimental rabbits performed the same surgery operation without tumor implantation, the course of tumor growth and blood vessel invasion was observed by autopsy. One slide was used for hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining, one slide was used for elastic fiber staining by Victoria blue and Ponceau's histochemical staining, and one slide was used for vascular endothelial cell immunohistochemical staining with biotinylated-ulex europaeus agglutinin I (UEA I); all three slides were observed under an optical microscopic. One additional slide was systematically observed by electron microscopy. SPSS 19.0 software was used for the statistical analyses of the data. RESULTS The tumor grew acceleration after tumor angiogenesis, volume of original tumors was correlated with vascular caliber. The central tumor found necrosis without enough blood supply while tumor grew rapidly after tumor angiogenesis. The tumor infiltrated into liver blood sinus, blood vessels in hepatic interstitial tissue, the liver capsular vein and important organs metastasis such as lungs, kidneys, abdominal cavity caused rabbits died. The average vascular density count of 18 experimental rabbits under 400 times light microscope were 43.17 ± 8.68/vessels/High Power Field; Tumor vascular diameter all within 200 μm. Vascular elastic fiber staining presented tumor blood vessels internal, external elastic plate intact, vascular endothelial cells organelles of tumor were integrity without endothelial cells architecture defect found by pathologic observation. CONCLUSION Proliferation and metastasis of rabbit VX2 hepatic carcinoma was correlated with tumor angiogenesis and no tumor vascular architecture defect was found by pathologic observation, it need further exploration by other methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liming Guan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Zhabei District Central Hospital No. 619, Zhonghuaxin Road, Zhabei District, Shanghai 200000, China
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240
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Faye N, Fournier L, Balvay D, Wilhelm C, Broqueres-You D, Bruneval P, Clément O. Antitumoral Effect of Mural Cells Assessed With High-Resolution MRI and Fluorescence Microscopy. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2015; 205:W11-8. [PMID: 26102408 DOI: 10.2214/AJR.14.13680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to detect labeled mural cells in vivo and study their therapeutic effect on tumor growth and on functional changes in the vascular network by use of MRI and fibered confocal fluorescence microscopy (FCFM). MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty-eight mice were allocated to the following three groups 7 days after injection of TC1 tumor cells (C157 black 6): control, no injection (n = 7); sham, injection of phosphate-buffered saline solution (n = 10); and treated, injection of human mural cells (n = 11). Tumor growth was measured with calipers. Labeled mural cells were tracked with high-resolution MRI and FCFM. Microvessel density was assessed with MRI and FCFM, and the findings were compared with the histologic results. RESULTS Tumor growth was significantly slowed in the treated group starting on day 10 (p = 0.001). Round signal-intensity voids were observed in the center of six of seven tumors treated with magnetically labeled mural cells. Positive staining for iron was observed in histologic sections of two of five of these tumors. Microvessel density measured with FCFM was greater in the treated mice (p = 0.03). Flow cytometry revealed viable human mural cells only in treated tumors. CONCLUSION In this study, imaging techniques such as high-resolution MRI and FCFM showed the therapeutic effect of mural cell injection on tumor growth and microvessel function.
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241
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Wu H, Fan F, Liu Z, Zhang F, Liu Y, Wei Z, Shen C, Cao Y, Wang A, Lu Y. The angiogenic responses induced by release of angiogenic proteins from tumor cell-activated platelets are regulated by distinct molecular pathways. IUBMB Life 2015; 67:626-33. [PMID: 26283102 DOI: 10.1002/iub.1406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2015] [Accepted: 07/06/2015] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
There is mounting evidence that tumor angiogenesis can be regulated by platelets (Plts), which serve as major sources and delivery vehicles of many proangiogenic cytokines including transforming growth factor-β and vascular endothelial growth factor. Although considerable progress has been made in understanding the role for Plt secretion in tumor angiogenesis, very little is known about the precise mechanisms underlying cancer cell induction of Plt granule release. Here, we demonstrated that nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells directly induced Plt secretion of several angiogenic regulatory cytokines that promoted angiogenesis in concert. Moreover, we discovered that these Plt-derived angiogenesis modulators were regulated by different molecular pathways and could be largely inhibited by combination of multiple signaling inhibitors. Our present studies indicated that manipulation of Plt secretion of angiogenic cytokines without compromising hemostatic functions could provide a novel option for management of tumor angiogenesis and metastasis in NSCLC patients with thrombocytosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyan Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.,Department of Pharmacy, Yancheng Health Vocational and Technical College, Yancheng, China
| | - Fangtian Fan
- Department of Pharmacology, Hanlin College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Taizhou, China
| | - Zhaoguo Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuping Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhonghong Wei
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Cunsi Shen
- First School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuzhu Cao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Aiyun Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yin Lu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
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Luo W, Shao C, Li N, Zhang F, Guo S, Duan Z, Zheng Q, He H. Expression of epidermal growth factor-like domain 7 correlates with clinicopathological features of osteosarcoma. Am J Transl Res 2015; 7:1236-1245. [PMID: 26328008 PMCID: PMC4548316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2015] [Accepted: 07/07/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor-like domain 7 gene (EGFL7) encodes an angiogenesis related factor and plays a crucial role in many human cancers. Previous studies have suggestedthat EGFL7 acts as a facilitator for tumor angiogenesis. However, little is known as to its role in osteosarcoma. Our aim was to investigate the expression of EGFL7 and to explore its correlation with the clinicopathological features of osteosarcoma. Tumor tissues from 32 Chinese young patients (below age of 24) with osteosarcoma were collected and subjected to EGFL7 detection by immunohistochemistry. The tissues from 10 patients with osteochondroma were collected and analyzed as controls. The intratumoral microvessel density (MVD) was examined by immunohistochemical staining using CD34 antibody. The results showed that patients with osteosarcoma had higher levels of EGFL7 in the tumor tissues compared to patients with osteochondroma (p<0.001). The expression of EGFL7 was significantly higher in advanced osteosarcoma (Enneking IIB-III) than that in early tumor stage (Enneking IA-IIA) (p<0.01). There is also a significant correlation between increased expression of EGFL7 and the Enneking stage (R = 0.714, p<0.001). Moreover, we detected a higher level of EGFL7 expression in tumor tissues of patients with recurrent or metastatic (bone or lung) osteosarcoma than those without recurrence or metastasis after 3 years' follow-up (p<0.01). There is no detectable difference of EGFL7 expression between tumor tissues from different tumor location and sex. Finally, we showed that high level of EGFL7expression was significantly correlated with high MVD (R = 0.829, p<0.001). In conclusion, our study demonstrates for the first time that there was a tumor grade-dependent up-regulation of EGFL7 in osteosarcoma. Elevated EGFL7 expression correlated with poor clinical outcome: i.e. advanced tumor stage, recurrent and metastatic osteosarcoma. Our findings support EGFL7 as a potential prognostic marker, and may provide novel insights for the diagnostics and therapeutics of osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Luo
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Changqing Shao
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Na Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212013, P.R. China
| | - Fangjie Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Shifang Guo
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Zhixi Duan
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Qiping Zheng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212013, P.R. China
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Rush University Medical Center600 S. Paulina Street, Room 507, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Hongbo He
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
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Boareto M, Jolly MK, Ben-Jacob E, Onuchic JN. Jagged mediates differences in normal and tumor angiogenesis by affecting tip-stalk fate decision. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2015; 112:E3836-44. [PMID: 26153421 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1511814112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis is critical during development, wound repair, and cancer progression. During angiogenesis, some endothelial cells adopt a tip phenotype to lead the formation of new branching vessels; the trailing stalk cells proliferate to develop the vessel. Notch and VEGF signaling mediate the selection of these tip endothelial cells. However, how Jagged, a Notch ligand that is overexpressed in cancer, affects angiogenesis remains elusive. Here, by developing a theoretical framework for Notch-Delta-Jagged-VEGF signaling, we found that higher production levels of Jagged destabilizes the tip and stalk cell fates and can give rise to a hybrid tip/stalk phenotype that leads to poorly perfused and chaotic angiogenesis, which is a hallmark of cancer. Consistently, the signaling interactions that restrict Notch-Jagged signaling, such as Fringe, cis-inhibition, and increased production of Delta, stabilize tip and stalk fates and limit the existence of hybrid tip/stalk phenotype. Our results underline how overexpression of Jagged can transform physiological angiogenesis into pathological one.
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Meguenani M, Miljkovic-Licina M, Fagiani E, Ropraz P, Hammel P, Aurrand-Lions M, Adams RH, Christofori G, Imhof BA, Garrido-Urbani S. Junctional adhesion molecule B interferes with angiogenic VEGF/VEGFR2 signaling. FASEB J 2015; 29:3411-25. [PMID: 25911611 DOI: 10.1096/fj.15-270223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2015] [Accepted: 04/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
De novo formation of blood vessels is a pivotal mechanism during cancer development. During the past few years, antiangiogenic drugs have been developed to target tumor vasculature. However, because of limitations and adverse effects observed with current therapies, there is a strong need for alternative antiangiogenic strategies. Using specific anti-junctional adhesion molecule (JAM)-B antibodies and Jam-b-deficient mice, we studied the role in antiangiogenesis of JAM-B. We found that antibodies against murine JAM-B, an endothelium-specific adhesion molecule, inhibited microvessel outgrowth from ex vivo aortic rings and in vitro endothelial network formation. In addition, anti-JAM-B antibodies blocked VEGF signaling, an essential pathway for angiogenesis. Moreover, increased aortic ring branching was observed in aortas isolated from Jam-b-deficient animals, suggesting that JAM-B negatively regulates proangiogenic pathways. In mice, JAM-B expression was detected in de novo-formed blood vessels of tumors, but anti-JAM-B antibodies unexpectedly did not reduce tumor growth. Accordingly, JAM-B deficiency in vivo had no impact on blood vessel formation, suggesting that targeting JAM-B in vivo may be offset by other proangiogenic mechanisms. In conclusion, despite the promising effects observed in vitro, targeting JAM-B during tumor progression seems to be inefficient as a stand-alone antiangiogenesis therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Meguenani
- *Department of Pathology and Immunology, Medical Faculty, University Medical Center, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland; Department of Biomedicine, Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Unité Mixte de Recherche 1068, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Marseille, France; Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille, France; Marseille Université, Marseille, France; Unité Mixte de Recherche 7258, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Marseille, France; Department of Tissue Morphogenesis, Max-Planck-Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Münster, Münster, Germany; and Faculty of Medicine, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Marijana Miljkovic-Licina
- *Department of Pathology and Immunology, Medical Faculty, University Medical Center, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland; Department of Biomedicine, Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Unité Mixte de Recherche 1068, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Marseille, France; Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille, France; Marseille Université, Marseille, France; Unité Mixte de Recherche 7258, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Marseille, France; Department of Tissue Morphogenesis, Max-Planck-Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Münster, Münster, Germany; and Faculty of Medicine, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Ernesta Fagiani
- *Department of Pathology and Immunology, Medical Faculty, University Medical Center, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland; Department of Biomedicine, Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Unité Mixte de Recherche 1068, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Marseille, France; Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille, France; Marseille Université, Marseille, France; Unité Mixte de Recherche 7258, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Marseille, France; Department of Tissue Morphogenesis, Max-Planck-Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Münster, Münster, Germany; and Faculty of Medicine, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Patricia Ropraz
- *Department of Pathology and Immunology, Medical Faculty, University Medical Center, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland; Department of Biomedicine, Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Unité Mixte de Recherche 1068, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Marseille, France; Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille, France; Marseille Université, Marseille, France; Unité Mixte de Recherche 7258, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Marseille, France; Department of Tissue Morphogenesis, Max-Planck-Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Münster, Münster, Germany; and Faculty of Medicine, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Philippe Hammel
- *Department of Pathology and Immunology, Medical Faculty, University Medical Center, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland; Department of Biomedicine, Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Unité Mixte de Recherche 1068, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Marseille, France; Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille, France; Marseille Université, Marseille, France; Unité Mixte de Recherche 7258, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Marseille, France; Department of Tissue Morphogenesis, Max-Planck-Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Münster, Münster, Germany; and Faculty of Medicine, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Michel Aurrand-Lions
- *Department of Pathology and Immunology, Medical Faculty, University Medical Center, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland; Department of Biomedicine, Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Unité Mixte de Recherche 1068, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Marseille, France; Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille, France; Marseille Université, Marseille, France; Unité Mixte de Recherche 7258, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Marseille, France; Department of Tissue Morphogenesis, Max-Planck-Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Münster, Münster, Germany; and Faculty of Medicine, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Ralf H Adams
- *Department of Pathology and Immunology, Medical Faculty, University Medical Center, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland; Department of Biomedicine, Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Unité Mixte de Recherche 1068, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Marseille, France; Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille, France; Marseille Université, Marseille, France; Unité Mixte de Recherche 7258, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Marseille, France; Department of Tissue Morphogenesis, Max-Planck-Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Münster, Münster, Germany; and Faculty of Medicine, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Gerhard Christofori
- *Department of Pathology and Immunology, Medical Faculty, University Medical Center, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland; Department of Biomedicine, Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Unité Mixte de Recherche 1068, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Marseille, France; Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille, France; Marseille Université, Marseille, France; Unité Mixte de Recherche 7258, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Marseille, France; Department of Tissue Morphogenesis, Max-Planck-Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Münster, Münster, Germany; and Faculty of Medicine, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Beat A Imhof
- *Department of Pathology and Immunology, Medical Faculty, University Medical Center, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland; Department of Biomedicine, Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Unité Mixte de Recherche 1068, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Marseille, France; Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille, France; Marseille Université, Marseille, France; Unité Mixte de Recherche 7258, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Marseille, France; Department of Tissue Morphogenesis, Max-Planck-Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Münster, Münster, Germany; and Faculty of Medicine, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Sarah Garrido-Urbani
- *Department of Pathology and Immunology, Medical Faculty, University Medical Center, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland; Department of Biomedicine, Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Unité Mixte de Recherche 1068, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Marseille, France; Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille, France; Marseille Université, Marseille, France; Unité Mixte de Recherche 7258, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Marseille, France; Department of Tissue Morphogenesis, Max-Planck-Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Münster, Münster, Germany; and Faculty of Medicine, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
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Wiley MM, Muthukumar V, Griffin TM, Griffin CT. SWI/SNF chromatin-remodeling enzymes Brahma-related gene 1 (BRG1) and Brahma (BRM) are dispensable in multiple models of postnatal angiogenesis but are required for vascular integrity in infant mice. J Am Heart Assoc 2015; 4:jah3948. [PMID: 25904594 PMCID: PMC4579958 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.115.001972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Background Mammalian SWItch/Sucrose NonFermentable (SWI/SNF) adenosine triphosphate (ATP)‐dependent chromatin‐remodeling complexes play important roles in embryonic vascular development by modulating transcription of specific target genes. We sought to determine whether SWI/SNF complexes likewise impact postnatal physiological and pathological angiogenesis. Methods and Results Brahma‐related gene 1 (BRG1) and Brahma gene (BRM) are ATPases within mammalian SWI/SNF complexes and are essential for the complexes to function. Using mice with vascular‐specific mutations in Brg1 or with a global mutation in Brm, we employed 3 models to test the role of these ATPases in postnatal angiogenesis. We analyzed neonatal retinal angiogenesis, exercise‐induced angiogenesis in adult quadriceps muscles, and tumor angiogenesis in control and mutant animals. We found no evidence of defective angiogenesis in Brg1 or Brm mutants using these 3 models. Brg1/Brm double mutants likewise show no evidence of vascular defects in the neonatal retina or tumor angiogenesis models. However, 100% of Brg1/Brm‐double mutants in which Brg1 deletion is induced at postnatal day 3 (P3) die by P19 with hemorrhaging in the small intestine and heart. Conclusions Despite their important roles in embryonic vascular development, SWI/SNF chromatin‐remodeling complexes display a surprising lack of participation in the 3 models of postnatal angiogenesis we analyzed. However, these complexes are essential for maintaining vascular integrity in specific tissue beds before weaning. These findings highlight the temporal and spatial specificity of SWI/SNF activities in the vasculature and may indicate that other chromatin‐remodeling complexes play redundant or more essential roles during physiological and pathological postnatal vascular development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mandi M. Wiley
- Cardiovascular Biology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK (M.M.W., V.M., C.T.G.)
| | - Vijay Muthukumar
- Cardiovascular Biology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK (M.M.W., V.M., C.T.G.)
| | - Timothy M. Griffin
- Free Radical Biology and Aging Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK (T.M.G.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK (T.M.G.)
| | - Courtney T. Griffin
- Cardiovascular Biology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK (M.M.W., V.M., C.T.G.)
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK (C.T.G.)
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Kim HL, Sachin K, Jeong HJ, Choi W, Lee HS, Kim DW. F-18 Labeled RGD Probes Based on Bioorthogonal Strain-Promoted Click Reaction for PET Imaging. ACS Med Chem Lett 2015; 6:402-7. [PMID: 25893040 DOI: 10.1021/ml500464f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2014] [Accepted: 02/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
A series of fluorine-substituted monomeric and dimeric cRGD peptide derivatives, such as cRGD-ADIBOT-F (ADIBOT = azadibenzocyclooctatriazole), di-cRGD-ADIBOT-F, cRGD-PEG5-ADIBOT-F, and di-cRGD-PEG5-ADIBOT-F, were prepared by strain-promoted alkyne azide cycloaddition (SPAAC) reaction of the corresponding aza-dibenzocyclooctyne (ADIBO) substituted peptides with a fluorinated azide 3. Among these cRGD derivatives, di-cRGD-PEG5-ADIBOT-F had the highest binding affinity in a competitive binding assay compared to other derivatives and even the original cRGDyk. On the basis of the in vitro study results, di-cRGD-PEG5-ADIBOT-(18)F was prepared from a SPAAC reaction with (18)F-labeled azide and subsequent chemo-orthogonal scavenger-assisted separation without high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) purification in 92% decay-corrected radiochemical yield (dcRCY) with high specific activity for further in vivo positron emission tomography (PET) imaging study. In vivo PET imaging study and biodistribution data showed that this radiotracer allowed successful visualization of tumors with good tumor-to-background contrast and significantly higher tumor uptake compared to other major organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Lan Kim
- Department of Nuclear
Medicine, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Jeonbuk 561-712, Korea
| | - Kalme Sachin
- Department of Nuclear
Medicine, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Jeonbuk 561-712, Korea
| | - Hyeon Jin Jeong
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inha University, 100 Inha-ro, Nam-gu, Incheon 402-751, Korea
| | - Wonsil Choi
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inha University, 100 Inha-ro, Nam-gu, Incheon 402-751, Korea
| | - Hyun Soo Lee
- Department
of Chemistry, Sogang University, Seoul 121-742, Korea
| | - Dong Wook Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inha University, 100 Inha-ro, Nam-gu, Incheon 402-751, Korea
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247
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Nishiwada S, Sho M, Yasuda S, Shimada K, Yamato I, Akahori T, Kinoshita S, Nagai M, Konishi N, Nakajima Y. Nectin-4 expression contributes to tumor proliferation, angiogenesis and patient prognosis in human pancreatic cancer. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2015; 34:30. [PMID: 25888293 PMCID: PMC4387735 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-015-0144-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2015] [Accepted: 03/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nectin-4 belongs to the nectin family that has diverse physiological and pathological functions in humans. Recent studies have also suggested some roles for Nectin-4 in several human cancers. However, the precise roles and clinical relevance of Nectin-4 in tumors are largely unknown. METHODS Nectin-4 expression was investigated in 123 patients with pancreatic cancer by immunohistochemistry. Furthermore, we investigated the association of Nectin-4 in pancreatic cancer with tumor proliferation, angiogenesis and immunity by using immunohistochemistry and siRNA interference method. RESULTS Patients with high Nectin-4 expression had poorer postoperative prognosis than those with low expression. Importantly, multivariate analysis indicated that Nectin-4 expression had a significant independent prognostic value in pancreatic cancer (HR = 1.721, 1.085-2.730; P = 0.021). Tumor Nectin-4 expression was significantly correlated with Ki67 expression. In addition, siRNA-mediated gene silencing of Nectin-4 significantly inhibited the cell proliferation in human pancreatic cancer cells, Capan-2 and BxPC-3. Furthermore, Nectin-4 expression was also positively correlated with VEGF expression and intratumoral microvessel density. However, there were no significant correlations of tumor Nectin-4 expression with tumor-infiltrating T cells. CONCLUSION Nectin-4 is a significant prognostic predictor, and may play a critical role in pancreatic cancer. Nectin-4 may be novel therapeutic target for pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Nishiwada
- Department of Surgery, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara, 634-8522, Japan.
| | - Masayuki Sho
- Department of Surgery, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara, 634-8522, Japan.
| | - Satoshi Yasuda
- Department of Surgery, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara, 634-8522, Japan.
| | - Keiji Shimada
- Department of Pathology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara, 634-8522, Japan.
| | - Ichiro Yamato
- Department of Surgery, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara, 634-8522, Japan.
| | - Takahiro Akahori
- Department of Surgery, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara, 634-8522, Japan.
| | - Shoichi Kinoshita
- Department of Surgery, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara, 634-8522, Japan.
| | - Minako Nagai
- Department of Surgery, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara, 634-8522, Japan.
| | - Noboru Konishi
- Department of Pathology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara, 634-8522, Japan.
| | - Yoshiyuki Nakajima
- Department of Surgery, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara, 634-8522, Japan.
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248
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Brizzi MF, Defilippi P. Dll4/Notch1 signaling from tip/stalk endothelial cell specification to stroma-dependent lung tumor inhibition: a flavor of Dll4/Notch1 pleiotropy in tumor cell biology. Transl Lung Cancer Res 2015; 2:466-9. [PMID: 25806273 DOI: 10.3978/j.issn.2218-6751.2013.10.18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2013] [Accepted: 10/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) still represents the leading cause of cancer death. Treating this disease with systemic chemotherapy has reached a plateau in effectiveness and is rather toxic to the patients, while molecularly targeted therapies against Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor can lead to resistance. On the other hand, therapies based on tumor angiogenesis inhibition have been recently proposed. Here we will discuss on the pleiotropy of the Dll4/Notch1 cell-to-cell signaling in NSCLC, as alternative target for future therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Felice Brizzi
- Department of Medical Sciences Corso Dogliotti 14, Università degli Studi di Torino, Via Nizza 52, Torino, Italy
| | - Paola Defilippi
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Università degli Studi di Torino, Via Nizza 52, Torino, Italy
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Gaumann AKA, Kiefer F, Alfer J, Lang SA, Geissler EK, Breier G. Receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors: Are they real tumor killers? Int J Cancer 2015; 138:540-54. [PMID: 25716346 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.29499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2014] [Accepted: 02/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Inhibiting tumor growth by targeting the tumor vasculature was first proposed by Judah Folkman almost 40 years ago. Since then, different approaches and numerous drugs and agents have been developed to achieve this goal, either with the aim of inhibiting tumor neoangiogenesis or normalizing the tumor vasculature. Among the most promising therapeutic targets are receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs), some of which are predominantly expressed on tumor endothelial cells, although they are sometimes also present on tumor cells. The majority of RTK inhibitors investigated over the past two decades competes with ATP at the active site of the kinase and therefore block the phosphorylation of intracellular targets. Some of these drugs have been approved for therapy, whereas others are still in clinical trials. Here, we discuss the scientific basis, current status, problems and future prospects of RTK inhibition in anti-tumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas K A Gaumann
- Institute of Pathology Kaufbeuren-Ravensburg, Kaufbeuren, Germany
- Institute of Pathology, University of Regensburg, Medical Center, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Friedemann Kiefer
- Mammalian Cell Signaling Laboratory, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Münster, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany
| | - Joachim Alfer
- Institute of Pathology Kaufbeuren-Ravensburg, Kaufbeuren, Germany
| | - Sven A Lang
- Department of Surgery, University of Regensburg, Medical Center, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Edward K Geissler
- Department of Surgery, University of Regensburg, Medical Center, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Georg Breier
- Institute of Pathology, Technical University Dresden, Dresden, Germany
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250
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Yao N, Yan P, Wang RF, Zhang CL, Ma C, Chen XQ, Zhao Q, Hao P. Detection of pulmonary metastases with the novel radiolabeled molecular probe, (99m)Tc-RRL. Int J Clin Exp Med 2015; 8:1726-36. [PMID: 25932101 PMCID: PMC4402748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2014] [Accepted: 02/12/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To improve the detection of pulmonary metastases, experimental blood-borne pulmonary metastasis mouse models were established using three intravenously administered cell lines. In a previous study we demonstrated that (99m)Tc-radiolabeled arginine-arginine-leucine (RRL) could be used to non-invasively image malignant tumors. METHODS (99m)Tc-RRL was prepared and injected intravenously in mice with pulmonary metastases that arose from the intravenous injection of HepG2, B16, and Hela cells. The bio-distribution and imaging of (99m)Tc-RRL were determined in different pulmonary metastases mouse models and in normal mice. RESULTS (99m)Tc-RRL exhibited higher uptake values in the lungs of pulmonary metastatic mice compared to normal mice (P<0.05; 3.92±0.48% ID/g 2 h post-injection and 3.89±0.36% ID/g 4 h post-injection in metastatic hepatic carcinoma [HepG2]-bearing lungs; 5.49±0.84% ID/g 2 h post-injection and 5.11±0.75% ID/g 4 h post-injection in metastatic melanoma [B16]-bearing lungs; 3.72±0.52% ID/g 2 h post-injection and 3.51±0.35% ID/g 4 h post-injection in metastatic cervical carcinoma [Hela]-bearing lungs; 2.38±0.20% ID/g 2 h post-injection and 2.11±0.24% ID/g 4 h post-injection in normal lungs). The pulmonary metastatic lesions were clearly visualized using (99m)Tc-RRL. CONCLUSIONS (99m)Tc-RRL exhibited favorable metastatic tumor targeting and imaging properties, thus highlighting its potential as an effective imaging probe for detection of pulmonary metastases. (99m)Tc-RRL can be used as a reasonable supplement to (18)F-FDG imaging in the non-invasive imaging of tumor angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Yao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking University First HospitalWest District, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Ping Yan
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking University First HospitalWest District, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Rong-Fu Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking University First HospitalWest District, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Chun-Li Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking University First HospitalWest District, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Chao Ma
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking University First HospitalWest District, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Xue-Qi Chen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking University First HospitalWest District, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Qian Zhao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical UniversityXingqing District, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia, China
| | - Pan Hao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking University First HospitalWest District, Beijing 100034, China
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