Effects of miR-32 targeting PTEN on proliferation and apoptosis of myeloma cells

OBJECTIVE

To explore the effects of micro ribonucleic acid (miR)-32 on the proliferation and apoptosis of myeloma cells, and to verify whether it exerts its function by targeting phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome ten (PTEN).

PATIENTS AND METHODS

The differentially expressed miRNAs were screened in healthy people and myeloma patients. The myeloma U266 cells transfected with negative control (NC) were used as control group, those transfected with miR-32 inhibitor as transfection group, and those transfected with miR-32 inhibitor and treated with PTEN inhibitor SF1670 as the transfection + inhibitor group. Then, the cell proliferation and apoptosis in each group were detected using the 5-Ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU) kit and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay, respectively. Finally, the expressions of apoptosis-related proteins B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2), Bcl-2 homologous antagonist/killer (Bak), caspase-9, and survivin were detected.

RESULTS

The expressions of some miRNAs and genes in myeloma patients were significantly different from those in healthy people. In myeloma patients, miR-32, miR-126, miR-123, and miR-183 were significantly highly expressed, while miR-5, miR-76, and miR-50 were remarkably lowly expressed. After myeloma U266 cells were transfected with the miR-32 inhibitor, the expression of miR-32 markedly declined. In addition, the mRNA expression of PTEN in myeloma cells rose after transfection with the miR-32 inhibitor, and declined after addition of the PTEN inhibitor SF1670, which were consistent with the results of Western blotting. Besides, the proliferation ability of myeloma cells was evidently weakened after transfection with the miR-32 inhibitor, while it was restored to a certain extent after addition of the PTEN inhibitor SF1670. Moreover, the number of apoptotic myeloma cells was remarkably larger after transfection with the miR-32 inhibitor, while it was remarkably smaller after addition of the PTEN inhibitor SF1670. The expressions of pro-apoptotic proteins Bak and caspase-9 in myeloma cells were significantly increased after transfection with the miR-32 inhibitor (p<0.05), and significantly decreased after addition of the PTEN inhibitor SF1670, while the expressions of anti-apoptotic proteins Bcl-2 and survivin were opposite to those of Bak and caspase-9.

CONCLUSIONS

MiR-32 targeting PTEN will have certain effects on the proliferation and apoptosis of myeloma cells.

The protective effect of hesperidin against renal ischemia-reperfusion injury involves the TLR-4/NF-κB/iNOS pathway in rats

Renal injury is reported to have a high mortality rate. Additionally, there are several limitations to current conventional treatments that are used to manage it. This study evaluated the protective effect of hesperidin against ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)-induced kidney injury in rats. Renal injury was induced by generating I/R in kidney tissues. Rats were then treated with hesperidin at a dose of 10 or 20 mg/kg intravenously 1 day after surgery for a period of 14 days. The effect of hesperidin on renal function, serum mediators of inflammation, and levels of oxidative stress in renal tissues were observed in rat kidney tissues after I/R-induced kidney injury. Moreover, protein expression and mRNA expression in kidney tissues were determined using Western blotting and RT-PCR. Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining was done for histopathological observation of kidney tissues. The data suggest that the levels of blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine in the serum of hesperidin-treated rats were lower than in the I/R group. Treatment with hesperidin also ameliorated the altered level of inflammatory mediators and oxidative stress in I/R-induced renal-injured rats. The expression of p-IκBα, caspase-3, NF-κB p65, Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR-4) protein, TLR-4 mRNA, and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) was significantly reduced in the renal tissues of hesperidin-treated rats. Histopathological findings also revealed that treatment with hesperidin attenuated the renal injury in I/R kidney-injured rats. In conclusion, our results suggest that hesperidin protects against renal injury induced by I/R by involving TLR-4/NF-κB/iNOS signaling.

LncRNA MIF-AS1 aggravates the progression of ovarian cancer by sponging miRNA-31-5p

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study was to uncover the role of lncRNA MIF-AS1 in influencing the biological phenotypes of ovarian cancer (OC) and the underlying mechanism.

PATIENTS AND METHODS

OC tissues and adjacent normal tissues were collected from 50 OC patients. The expression level of lncRNA MIF-AS1 in OC tissues and cells was determined by quantitative Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR). The prognostic potential of MIF-AS1 in OC patients was assessed by the Kaplan-Meier method. Subsequently, the regulatory effects of MIF-AS1 on proliferative, migratory, and invasive abilities of ES-2 and HO-8910 cells were evaluated by a series of functional experiments. Dual-Luciferase reporter gene assay, qRT-PCR, and Western blot were further conducted to verify the interaction in the regulatory loop MIF-AS1/miRNA-31-5p/PLCB1.

RESULTS

MIF-AS1 was significantly upregulated in OC tissues and cell lines (p<0.05). Higher level of MIF-AS1 predicted significantly worse prognosis of OC patients (p<0.05). The knockdown of MIF-AS1 markedly attenuated the proliferative, migratory, and invasive abilities of ES-2 and HO-8910 cells (p<0.05). Dual-Luciferase reporter gene assay verified that MIF-AS1 competed with PLCB1 to bind miRNA-31-5p. In addition, MIF-AS1 negatively regulated miRNA-31-5p expression cells, and miRNA-31-5p negatively regulated PLCB1 expression in OC.

CONCLUSIONS

MIF-AS1 was significantly upregulated in OC, which accelerated the proliferative, migratory, and invasive abilities of OC cells. Furthermore, the regulatory loop MIF-AS1/miRNA-31-5p/PLCB1 could be utilized as a therapeutic target for OC.

Reduced serum exosomal miR-874 expression predicts poor prognosis in colorectal cancer

OBJECTIVE

Emerging evidence has indicated that serum exosomal microRNAs (miRNAs) have promising diagnostic and prognostic value for colorectal cancer (CRC). This study aimed to detect serum exosomal miR-874 expression in CRC patients and assess its potential clinical significance.

PATIENTS AND METHODS

Blood samples were collected from 125 CRC patients, 45 cases with benign adenomas (AD) and 70 healthy individuals. Quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was performed to examine serum exosomal miR-874 levels.

RESULTS

The results showed that serum exosomal miR-874 levels were significantly downregulated in CRC patients compared to AD cases and healthy controls. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis revealed that serum exosomal miR-874 expression could discriminate CRC patients from healthy controls, as well as patients with AD. In addition, low serum exosomal miR-874 expression was associated with positive distant metastasis, positive lymph node metastasis, poor differentiation, and advanced TNM stage. Moreover, serum exosomal miR-874 expression was identified as a statistically significant independent prognostic factor for overall survival of CRC patients.

CONCLUSIONS

Collectively, serum exosomal miR-874 expression might serve as a reliable marker for CRC diagnosis and prognosis prediction.

[Pediatric nasal neuroglial heterotopia: report of 13 cases]

Objective: To summarize clinical features and our experience of the diagnosis and treatment of pediatric nasal neuroglial heterotopia (NGH). Methods: Clinical data of 13 nasal NGH patients in Beijing Children's Hospital from August 2014 to October 2019 were retrospectively reviewed, including 9 boys and 4 girls, aged from 1 to 38 months with median age of 5 months. Radiological workups and excision of nasal NGH under general anesthesia were performed for all patients. B ultra-sound and MRI were performed for all external and mixed lesions, while ultra-low-dose CT scan and MRI for all intranasal type. Surgical approaches were dependent on location and extent of the lesions according to radiographic workup, including extranasal or transnasal endoscopic approach. Patients were followed up regularly after operation to evaluate the effect. Initial presentation, locations, imaging findings, surgical approaches and follow-up results were analyzed through descriptive statistical method. Results: Eight nasal NGH patients presented with an internal nasal mass and nasal obstruction, which belonged to intranasal type. Three patients presented with an external nasal mass which belonged to extranasal type and 2 patients had mixed lesions. The sites included nasal dorsum (n=5), anterior to the middle turbinate (n=5) and olfactory cleft (n=3). Surgical resections were done through median rhinotomy approach (n=5) or transnasal endoscopic approach (n=8). All the operations were successful and no complication occurred. All cases were followed up from 3 to 65 months. No recurrence was encountered. Conclusions: Nasal NGH is a rare lesion with atypical clinical presentation. Preoperative imaging including CT scan and MRI is essential for evaluation of the location, extent of the disease and for making the surgical plan. Treatment requires complete surgical excision.

Enhanced high temperature ferromagnetism in Bi1-xRxFeO3(R= Dy, Y) compounds

In this work we report experimental evidence for the weak high-temperature ferromagnetism in Bi1-xRxFeO3(R= Dy, Y) compounds by systematic characterizations, excluding the possible side-effects from other iron-based impurities. Remarkable saturated magnetic moment was observed in the Y-substituted samples, Bi1-xYxFeO3, which is larger than the moment obtained in Bi1-xDyxFeO3, the Dy-substituted samples with antiferromagnetic background. The physical origin of the weak ferromagnetic transition is discussed and serious lattice distortions have been identified based on the x-ray diffraction and Raman scattering data, although the rhombohedral structure symmetry remains unchanged upon the substitutions. It is believed that the structural distortion suppressed cycloid spin structure is the main factor for the enhanced magnetization in Bi1-xRxFeO3compounds. Additionally, the Dy3+-Fe3+antiferromagnetic coupling, which strengthens the antiferromagnetic interaction in Bi1-xDyxFeO3compounds, acts as the driving force for the magnetic discrepancy between Bi1-xYxFeO3and Bi1-xDyxFeO3samples.

Improved light extraction efficiency of AlGaN deep-ultraviolet light emitting diodes combining Ag-nanodots/Al reflective electrode with highly transparent p-type layer

Enhancement of light extraction efficiency (LEE) of AlGaN-based deep-ultraviolet (DUV) light emitting diodes (LEDs) has been attempted by adopting Ag-nanodots/Al reflective electrodes on a highly transparent complex p-type layer. By thinning the p-GaN to several nm, highly DUV transparent p-type layer is achieved, making it meaningful for the application of reflective electrodes composed of Ag-nanodots and Al film to allow most light emitted upward to be reflected back to the sapphire side. By this approach, the maximum light output power and external quantum efficiency of the DUV-LEDs with optimized Ag nanodots/Al electrodes are severally increased by 52% and 58%, respectively, compared to those with traditional Ni/Au electrodes when the current is below 200 mA.

Long non-coding RNA MIR503HG serves as a tumor suppressor in non-small cell lung cancer mediated by wnt1

OBJECTIVE

The incidence and death rate of lung cancer has been rising year by year. Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) seriously affects people's health and quality of life. This study was designed to explore the functional role of long-chain non-coding RNA (LncRNA) MIR503HG in the development of NSCLC.

PATIENTS AND METHODS

The quantitative Real Time-Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR) assay was conducted to access the expression level of MIR503HG in NSCLC cell lines and tissues. The Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, colony formation assay, and flow cytometric analysis were performed to assess the ability of MIR503HG in regulating cell proliferation and apoptosis in NSCLC. Subsequently, Western blotting was used to detect the expression level of Wnt1 in NSCLC. Besides, in vivo tumorigenesis assay was performed in nude mice to examine the ability of MIR503HG in tumor formation.

RESULTS

MIR503HG was downregulated in NSCLC. CCK-8 assay and colony formation assay revealed that MIR503HG negatively regulated cell proliferation in NSLCL progression. In addition, MIR503HG promoted cell apoptosis and suppressed cell cycle progression in NSCLC in vitro. MIR503HG inhibited tumor formation in nude mice bearing NSCLC in vivo. MIR503HG downregulated Wnt1 expression in NSCLC.

CONCLUSIONS

Lon non-coding RNA MIR503HG was downregulated in NSCLC. The over-expression of MIR503HG suppressed cell proliferation and promoted cell apoptosis in vitro and repressed tumorigenesis in vivo. MIR503HG suppressed NSCLC progression via negatively regulating Wnt1 expression.

LncRNA ROR facilitates myocardial fibrosis in rats with viral myocarditis through regulating C-Myc expression

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study was to explore the effect of long non-coding ribonucleic acid (lncRNA) ROR on myocardial fibrosis in rats with viral myocarditis by regulating c-myc expression.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

A total of 120 healthy male rats were randomly divided into three groups, including: blank control group (group N, healthy rats, n=40), model control group (group M, viral myocarditis, n=40), and group P (lncRNA ROR + viral myocarditis, n=40). At 5, 10, and 15 d after modeling, the rats were sacrificed. Meanwhile, the left ventricular mass index (LVMI), the left ventricular weight/tibial length (LVW/TL) and the heart mass index (HMI) were measured, respectively. The myocardial tissues of rats were observed via staining. The protein and mRNA expressions of the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) and c-myc in myocardial tissues were detected via Western blotting and quantitative Real Time-Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR), respectively. Moreover, the level of the serum interleukin-6 (IL-6) was detected via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

RESULTS

Compared with group N, HMI, LVMI, and LVW/TL in group M significantly increased at each time point (p<0.01). Meanwhile, they were remarkably elevated at each time point in group P when compared with those in group M (p<0.01). According to the results of hematoxylin-eosin staining (HE) staining, the myocardial fibers were normal and orderly arranged in group N. Meanwhile, no inflammatory cells were observed in group N. In group M, the proliferation of a large number of inflammatory cells was observed, and the myocardial cells were disorderly arranged and became enlarged. In group P, the myocardial fibrosis was significantly severer than that of the other two groups (p<0.05). The results of the Masson staining revealed that there was significantly less accumulation of collagen fibers in myocardium in group N. There was a little accumulation of collagen fibers in the myocardium and fibrosis declined in group M. The myocardial fibrosis in group P remarkably increased when compared with group M (p<0.05). According to the results of the Western blotting, the protein expressions of c-myc and TGF-β were significantly up-regulated in group P, compared with those in group M and N (p<0.05). However, they were remarkably higher in group M than in group N (p<0.05). QRT-PCR showed that the relative messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) expressions of c-myc and TGF-β were remarkably up-regulated in group P when compared with those in group M and N, showing statistically significant differences (p<0.05). Moreover, they were significantly higher in group M than those in group N (p<0.05). Besides, the expression level of serum IL-6 remained highest in group P (p<0.01).

CONCLUSIONS

LncRNA ROR up-regulates the expression of c-myc and increases the level of serum IL-6, thereby facilitating the proliferation and differentiation of cardiac fibroblasts.

Periodic repolarization dynamics for prediction of mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Background

Prediction of death is the philosopher's stone of arrhythmology. The electrophysiology has proven to be an important tool to predict the risk of death. Periodic repolarization dynamics (PRD) is a novel electrocardiographic marker that indicates the sympathetic effect on repolarization. PRD qualifies the low-frequency oscillations of cardiac repolarization instability using high-resolution 12 channel 24-h Holter recording. Several studies showed that PRD was an independent predictor of all-cause mortality and cardiac mortality. However, the prediction value of PRD has not been established.

Purpose

To evaluate the prediction value of PRD as an approach of risk stratification that selects patients at a higher risk of death.

Methods

We conducted electronic searches of MEDLINE (PubMed), Embase, Cochrane Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), Science Citation Index Expanded, WHO International Clinical Trials Registry platform (ICTRP) and ClinicalTrials.gov from inception to January 9th, 2020. We also screened for relevant abstracts from conferences including ACC Annual Scientific Sessions, ESC Congress and Annual Congress of the EHRA for the last five years (2014–2019). The primary outcome was all-cause mortality and secondary outcome was cardiac mortality. We included study with large sample size while more than one study were found based on the same originated population. We extracted data from included studies and reported pooled outcomes as hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidential intervals (CI) for time-to-event outcomes using DerSimonian-Laird random-effects model. We did statistical analyses using Stata version 12.0 and R version 3.6.1.

Results

5 studies including 6758 patients met all selection criteria for our meta-analysis. Follow-up period ranged from 20.4 to 75.1 months. Among 5 studies, 3 studies considered PRD as dichotomous variable and the cut-off value was 5.75 deg2, while 2 studies considered PRD as continuous variable and coefficient was expressed in standardized units (increase per standard deviation). We did subgroup analysis according to the type of variable because of heterogeneity. There was a significant higher risk of all-cause mortality in PRD ≥5.75 deg2 patients compared with PRD &lt;5.75 deg2 patients (HR 2.37, 95% CI 1.77–3.17). As for continuous variable, increased PRD was a predictor for all-cause death (HR 1.28, 95% CI 1.14–1.42) (Figure). The cardiac mortality was significantly increased in patients with PRD ≥5.75 deg2 vs PRD &lt;5.75 deg2 (HR 3.06, 95% CI 1.66–5.65). Increased PRD was associated with cardiac mortality in continuous variable subgroup (HR 1.34, 95% CI 1.21–1.48) (Figure).

Conclusion

Our findings suggest PRD is a significant predictor of all-cause mortality and cardiac mortality. PRD provides new additional electrophysiological indicator for risk stratification until further investigations are available.

Funding Acknowledgement

Type of funding source: None

Novel plasma biomarkers in arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy: the role of ST2 and GDF-15 in predicting biventricular involvement

Background

Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC) is an inherited heart muscle disease characterized by fibrofatty replacement of the myocardium and ventricular arrhythmias. Biventricular (BiV) involvement in ARVC may lead to heart failure.

Purpose

This study aimed to investigate the role of novel plasma biomarkers soluble (s)ST2, Galectin-3 (Gal-3) and GDF-15 in predicting BiV involvement and adverse outcomes in ARVC patients.

Methods

ARVC patients from two independent cohorts were studied. 108 patients were included from the discovery cohort and 47 patients were included from a second validation cohort. All patients had a definite ARVC diagnosis at time of blood withdrawal. sST2, Gal-3 and GDF-15 were independently correlated with NT-proBNP, left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction, late gadolinium enhancement by cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging and clinical outcome.

Results

ARVC patients with LV involvement had higher levels of sST2 and GDF-15 as compared to controls and patients with isolated right ventricular involvement. sST2 and GDF-15 significantly correlated to late gadolinium enhancement on CMR and also correlated to adverse heart failure outcomes. Gal-3 was elevated in ARVC patients with and without LV involvement as compared to controls. The combined use of the three biomarkers (NT-proBNP, sST2 and GDF-15) showed the best performance in predicting LV involvement in both the discovery and the validation cohort. Plasma drawn from coronary arteries and coronary sinus showed a transmyocardial elevation of sST2.

Conclusion

Our study shows that sST2 and GDF-15 may predict BiV involvement and the combined use of NT-proBNP, sST2 and GDF-15 shows the best prediction of LV involvement in ARVC. Transmyocardial elevation of sST2 suggests that this biomarker is produced by myocardial tissue in ARVC.

Funding Acknowledgement

Type of funding source: Foundation. Main funding source(s): Fuwai ARVC Program was supported by CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences and the National Natural Science Foundation of China, Zurich ARVC Program was supported by grants from the Schwyzer Foundation and Baugarten Foundation

Correlations of changes in inflammatory factors, glucose and lipid metabolism indicators and adiponectin with alterations in intestinal flora in rats with coronary heart disease

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study was to explore the correlations of changes in inflammatory factors, glucose and lipid metabolism indicators and adiponectin with alterations in intestinal flora in rats with coronary heart disease.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

A total of 30 male specific pathogen-free rats were randomly assigned into two groups, including: blank group (n=15) and coronary heart disease group (n=15). The rats in the coronary heart disease group were given high-fat diets and pituitrin to establish the model of coronary heart disease. Meanwhile, rats in the blank group were administered with an equal volume of double-distilled water. The alterations in the intestinal flora of rats were detected in the two groups, respectively. In addition, the changes in the levels of inflammatory factors, glucose and lipid metabolism indicators, adiponectin, creatine kinase (CK) and its isoenzyme, as well as troponin, were also examined.

RESULTS

Statistically, significant differences in the levels of glucose and lipid metabolism indicators low-density lipoprotein (LDL) (p=0.040), total cholesterol (TC) (p=0.039), high-density lipoprotein (HDL) (p=0.044), triglyceride (TG) (p=0.000) and blood glucose (p=0.046) were observed between the rats in the coronary heart disease group and blank group. The content of all the glucose and lipid metabolism indicators (except HDL) in coronary heart disease group was significantly higher than the blank group (p<0.05). The rats in the coronary heart disease group had evidently higher levels of CK (p=0.000) and its isoenzyme (p=0.019), as well as troponin (p=0.021), than those in the blank group. The level of serum adiponectin in rats in coronary heart disease group was distinctly lower than that in the blank group, showing statistically significant differences (p<0.05). Besides, the levels of the inflammatory factors interleukin (IL)-2 (p=0.011), transforming growth factor (TGF)-β (p=0.048), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) (p=0.025) and IL-6 (p=0.038) in rats in the coronary heart disease group were dramatically higher than those in blank group. Rats in coronary heart disease group had remarkably more Actinobacteria, Desulfovibrio, Aristipus and Escherichia coli in the intestine. Meanwhile, the abundance of Flavobacterium, Burkhofer and some probiotics increased significantly in the intestine of rats in blank group (p<0.05). The changes in the abundance of Actinobacteria, Desulfovibrio, Aristipus and Escherichia coli in the intestine of rats were probably correlated with increased levels of glucose and lipid metabolism indicators, inflammatory factors and adiponectin in coronary heart disease group. Moreover, the abundance of intestinal probiotics such as Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus in rats in coronary heart disease group was notably lower than that in blank group (p<0.05). The decline in the abundance of such intestinal probiotics as Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus was correlated with the changes in the levels of glucose and lipid metabolism indicators, inflammatory factors and adiponectin. In addition, decreased levels of probiotics weakened normal physiological functions of the intestine and promoted disease progression.

CONCLUSIONS

Inflammatory factors, glucose and lipid metabolism indicators and adiponectin have evident changes in rats with coronary heart disease, which may be correlated with the alterations in the intestinal flora.

Glutathione-S-transferase A3 protein suppresses thiram-induced tibial dyschondroplasia by regulating prostaglandin-related genes expression

Tibial dyschondroplasia (TD) is an intractable avian cartilage disease in which proximal growth plates of tibia lack blood vessels and contain nonviable cells, and it leads to the inflammatory response. Prostaglandins (PGs) genes have not been studied yet in TD chicken, and they might play role in skeletal metabolism, therefore we planned to explore the role of recombinant glutathione-S-transferase A3 (rGSTA3) protein and PG-related genes. In this study, qRT-PCR, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) analysis were used to identify the expression patterns of eight PG-related genes in the tibial growth plate of broiler chicken. The results showed that the expression of PG-related genes glutathione-S-transferase A3 (GSTA3), cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2), prostaglandin D2 synthase (PTGDS), prostaglandin E synthase (PTGES), prostaglandin E2 receptor (PTGER) 3, PTGER4, prostaglandin reductase 1 (PTGR1) and hematopoietic prostaglandin D synthases (HPGDS) expression were identified and could significantly respond to thiram-induced TD chicken. Interestingly, the expression of rate-limiting enzyme COX-2 and PGE₂ were induced after the treatment of rGSTA3 protein. These findings demonstrated that the occurrence of TD is closely related to the inhibition of PGs. Moreover, rGSTA3 protein participated in the recovery of TD by strengthening the expression of PG-related genes.

LncRNA SNHG1 contributes to tumorigenesis and mechanism by targeting miR-338-3p to regulate PLK4 in human neuroblastoma

OBJECTIVE

Neuroblastoma is a common malignancy in children. Despite the occurrence of diverse therapies in recent years, the survival rate of patients with high-risk NB is still unpredictable due to the high metastatic potential and poor prognosis. Therefore, it is urgent to study the molecular mechanism of NB metastasis. SNHG1 has been reported to be closely related to the development, metastasis, and prognosis of many cancers. The purpose of this study was to clarify the molecular mechanism of the role of SNHG1 in NB tumors.

PATIENTS AND METHODS

The expression levels of SNHG1, miR-338-3p, and PLK4 were detected by quantitative Real Time-Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blot, respectively. The functional targets between miR-338-3p and SNHG1 or PLK4 were predicted by online software Diana tools and observed by Luciferase reporter assay and RIP assay. Cell proliferation was measured by MTT assay. Cell migration and invasion were operated through flow cytometry. The expression of p-AKT was quantified by Western blot. Xenograft tumor model was established to confirm the biological role of SNHG1 in NB in vivo.

RESULTS

The expression levels of SNHG1 and PLK4 were increased in NB tissues and cells, and miR-338-3p expression was on the contrary. PLK4 was verified as a direct target of miR-338-3p and miR-338-3p could specially bind to SNHG1. The negative effect of SNHG1 down-regulation on cell proliferation, migration, and invasion could be rescued by miR-338-3p inhibition. The suppression of miR-338-3p mimics on cell proliferation, migration, and invasion could be reversed by PLK4 overexpression. In addition, SNHG1 knockdown weakened the volume and weight of tumor in vivo.

CONCLUSIONS

SNHG1 conduced to tumorigenesis and mechanism by upregulating PLK4 and by acting as miR-338-3p sponge in neuroblastoma.

MiR-142 inhibits lung cancer cell proliferation and promotes apoptosis by targeting XIAP

OBJECTIVE

The X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP) is associated with the development of various tumors. The abnormal miR-142 expression is associated with the onset of lung cancer. Bioinformatics analysis revealed a targeted relationship between miR-142 and XIAP. This report investigated whether miR-142 plays a role in regulating XIAP expression and affecting the biological processes of lung cancer cells.

PATIENTS AND METHODS

The tumor tissues of lung cancer patients were collected, and the adjacent tissues were used as controls. The dual luciferase reporter gene assay validated the targeted regulation between miR-142 and XIAP. Using BEAS-2B cells as control, qRT-PCR was used to detect the expression of miR-142 and XIAP in lung cancer cells A549 and H1650. Lung cancer H1650 cells were cultured and divided into miR-NC group and miR-142 mimic group followed by an analysis of cell proliferation by EdU staining.

RESULTS

Compared with those in adjacent tissues, miR-142 expression was significantly decreased and XIAP expression was increased in lung cancer tissues. The Dual-Luciferase Reporter Assay confirmed a targeted regulation relationship between miR-142 and XIAP. Compared with BEAS-2B cells, miR-142 expression in lung cancer A549 and H1650 cells was significantly decreased, and XIAP expression was significantly increased. Transfection of miR-142 mimic significantly inhibited the expression of XIAP in H1650 cells, promoted apoptosis and inhibited cell proliferation.

CONCLUSIONS

Decreased miR-142 expression and increased XIAP expression is associated with the onset of lung cancer. MiR-142 can inhibit lung cancer cell proliferation and induce apoptosis through inhibition of XIAP expression.