126
|
Takao S, Toyota A, Shimazu Y, Fukuda S, Noda M, Tokumoto S. Seroepidemiological survey of influenza C virus in Hiroshima Prefecture, Japan. Jpn J Infect Dis 2000; 53:246-7. [PMID: 11227024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
|
127
|
Tsubouchi H, Takao S, Aikou T. Sensitivity of human pancreatic adenocarcinoma tumor lines to chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and hyperthermia. Hum Cell 2000; 13:203-12. [PMID: 11329936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Surgical treatment of pancreatic adenocarcinoma has failed to produce many cures secondary to high rates of intraperitoneal relapses and liver metastases. The aim of this ex vivo study was to evaluate the inherent chemosensitivity, radiosensitivity and hyperthermic sensitivity of pancreatic adenocarcinoma and to investigate the usefulness of a 3-(4,5-dimetylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay utilized in each sensitivity test. METHODS Nine human pancreatic adenocarcinomas were tested ex vivo after growth in nude mice. After 72 hr of chemotherapy, radiotherapy and hyperthermia, efficacy was assessed using MTT assay to determine the ratio of surviving fraction of treated cells-to-that of untreated control cells (TIC ratio). RESULTS Tumor sensitivities as measured by the IC50 (drug concentration producing 50% growth inhibition) varied largely between drugs, ranging larger than 3 x 10(5) ng/mL for 5-FU, larger than 1.5 x 10(2) ng/mL for MMC, 20 ng/mL to 1.4 x 10(3) ng/mL for ADM, and 80 ng/mL to 2.4 x 10(3) ng/mL for CDDP. D0 (dose of radiation reducing the surviving fraction to 37%) ranged from 3.2 to 8.3 Gy (mean +/- standard deviation; 5.8 +/- 1.6 Gy). For hyperthermia, the mean T50 (duration of hyperthermia reducing the surviving fraction to 50%) at 43 degrees C was 9.4 +/- 3.3 min 4.8 to 14.2 min). The T/C ratio at 43 degrees C for 12 min was less than that at 41 degrees C for 30 min (p = .01; the Wilcoxon signed-ranks test). No clear relationship among chemosensitivity, radiosensitivity, hyperthermic sensitivity and pathologic features could be established. CONCLUSIONS Nine human pancreatic adenocarcinomas varied widely in their sensitivity to chemotherapies, especially for 5-FU. These results suggested that MTT assay may be useful in excluding some less sensitive cases of pancreatic cancer. For hyperthermia, sufficient therapeutic time and temperature may realize enough effect against pancreatic adenocarcinoma.
Collapse
|
128
|
Shinchi H, Takao S, Nishida H, Aikou T. Length and quality of survival following external beam radiotherapy combined with expandable metallic stent for unresectable hilar cholangiocarcinoma. J Surg Oncol 2000. [PMID: 11064386 DOI: 10.1002/1096-9098(200010)75:2<89::aid-jso3>3.0.co;2-v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Hilar cholangiocarcinoma is a morbid disease with a poor prognosis because resection cannot be performed in many cases. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether external beam radiotherapy (RT) combined with expandable metallic biliary stent (EMS) affects the length and quality of survival of patients with unresectable hilar cholangiocarcinomas. METHODS Fifty-one patients with unresectable hilar cholangiocarcinoma were retrospectively reviewed. Thirty patients received external beam radiotherapy combined with EMS (EMS+RT group), 10 patients were treated with EMS alone (EMS group), and the remaining 11 patients underwent percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage alone (PTBD group). The length and quality of survival were analyzed and compared among the three groups. RESULTS The mean survival of 6.4 months in the EMS group was significantly longer than that of 4.4 months in the PTBD group (P < 0.05). The EMS+RT group with a mean survival of 10.6 months had a significantly longer survival than the EMS group (P < 0.05). The average of the monthly Karnofsky scores of 74.9 in the EMS+RT group and 68.1 in the EMS group, as a parameter of quality of survival, was significantly higher than that of 57.7 in the PTBD group (P < 0.01). The number of hospital days per month of survival was significantly smaller in the EMS+RT and EMS groups than in the PTBD group (10.4, 14.2 vs. 27.3 days; P < 0.001). The EMS+RT group had a longer stent patency than the EMS group (mean: 9.8 vs. 3.7 months; P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that external radiotherapy combined with metallic biliary endoprosthesis can increase the length and quality of survival and consequently provide a definite palliative benefit for patients with unresectable hilar cholangiocarcinoma.
Collapse
|
129
|
Natsugoe S, Matsumoto M, Nakashima S, Okumura H, Miyazono F, Kijima F, Ishigami S, Aridome K, Kusano C, Baba M, Takao S, Aikou T. Effect of neoadjuvant chemotherapy for lymph node micrometastasis and tumor cell microinvolvement in the patients with esophageal carcinoma. Cancer Lett 2000; 159:119-25. [PMID: 10996722 DOI: 10.1016/s0304-3835(00)00505-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Micrometastasis (MM) and tumor cell microinvolvement (TCM) in the lymph node were immunohistochemically evaluated using the cytokeratin (CK) antibody between a surgery group (n=20; 929 lymph nodes) and a chemotherapy group (n=20; 1052 lymph nodes). The incidence of MM+/-TCM in the surgery and chemotherapy groups was 50.0 (10/20) and 55.0% (11/20), respectively. Limiting the analysis to TCM alone revealed that the incidence in the chemotherapy group (10.0%; 2/20) was significantly lower than that in the surgery group (40.0%; 8/20; P=0.032). Preoperative chemotherapy in this regime was not effective, except for some patients with TCM alone.
Collapse
|
130
|
Kubo M, Takao S, Shinchi H, Uchikura K, Higashi M, Yonezawa S, Aikou T. Spindle cell carcinoma of the pancreas. JOURNAL OF HEPATO-BILIARY-PANCREATIC SURGERY 2000; 7:236-41. [PMID: 10982621 DOI: 10.1007/s005340050183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
We experienced a rare case of spindle cell carcinoma of the pancreas. The patient was a 74-year-old man who complained of abdominal pain and loss of weight. Ultrasonographic scans revealed a hypoechoic solid mass in the head of the pancreas, 4 cm in diameter, with a high echoic spot suggestive of central necrosis or hemorrhage. The mass was hypodense on enhanced computed tomographic scans and hypovascular on angiograms. At laparotomy, the tumor had invaded to the mesocolon, but dissemination and distant metastasis were not found. We therefore performed pylorus-preserving pancreatoduodenectomy and ascending colectomy. The patient was discharged on postoperative day 26 after an uneventful recovery. Two months later, he was readmitted because of ascites, with positivity of spindle cells shown on cytology; he died on day 92 after surgery. In the resected specimen, the tumor had a mostly sarcomatous component, consisting of spindle-shaped cells, and a small glandular component. Immunohistochemically, both components were positive for cytokeratin and epithelial membrane antigen, but negative for vimentin and desmin. The tumor was diagnosed as a spindle cell carcinoma of the pancreas. Perineural invasion, lymphatic permeation, and blood vessel invasion were found, but lymph node metastasis was not found. Although a curative operation was performed, the outcome in this patient was very poor.
Collapse
|
131
|
Takao S, Shinchi H, Maemura K, Aikou T. Ultrasonically activated scalpel is an effective tool for cutting the pancreas in biliary-pancreatic surgery: experimental and clinical studies. JOURNAL OF HEPATO-BILIARY-PANCREATIC SURGERY 2000; 7:58-62. [PMID: 10982593 DOI: 10.1007/s005340050155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The ultrasonically activated scalpel, a new tool for cutting and coagulating tissue, uses high-frequency ultrasonic vibrations, and has been widely employed in the field of laparoscopic surgery. We evaluated its usefulness for cutting the pancreas in biliary-pancreatic surgery. We planned experimental and clinical studies using an ultrasonically activated scalpel (harmonic scalpel) for cutting the pancreas. The harmonic scalpel was set up at a power level of 3 (75% of full power) in the knife mode. In the experimental study, using dogs, cutting of the pancreas with the harmonic scalpel resulted in significantly less bleeding and significantly less histological tissue damage to the cut stumps than cutting of the pancreas with an electric or a regular scalpel. In the clinical study: (1) the hemostatic effect of the harmonic scalpel was excellent or good in any condition of the pancreas; (2) of 50 stumps of the main pancreatic duct cut with the harmonic scalpel, the stump was easily found in 48 (96%), while ultrasonography was necessary to find the remaining 2 stumps in soft pancreas; (3) in 41 anastomoses (29 soft and 12 hard pancreas) there were no postoperative pancreatic fistulae. These results indicate that the ultrasonically activated scalpel is an effective tool for cutting the pancreas in biliary-pancreatic surgery.
Collapse
|
132
|
Xiangming C, Natsugoe S, Takao S, Hokita S, Tanabe G, Baba M, Kuroshima K, Aikou T. The cooperative role of p27 with cyclin E in the prognosis of advanced gastric carcinoma. Cancer 2000. [PMID: 11002215 DOI: 10.1002/1097-0142(20000915)89:6<1214::aid-cncr4>3.0.co;2-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cyclin E and p27 play opposing roles in the cell cycle. This study investigated the protein expression of p27 with cyclin E in the progression and prognosis of gastric carcinoma. METHODS Of 241 patients with advanced gastric carcinoma, 38 had muscular layer invasion, 113 had subserosal layer invasion, and 90 had serosal invasion. Anti-p27 and cyclin E antibodies were used for immunohistochemical staining. RESULTS Positive expression of p27 and cyclin E was 32.4% and 38.2%, respectively. Both p27 and cyclin E expression were related to histology of tumors but not to depth of invasion, lymph node metastasis, or stage grouping. A positive correlation was observed between p27 and cyclin E expression (P < 0. 05). Tumors were divided into two groups according to the expression of cyclin E. Within the cyclin E positive tumors, the five-year survival rate was higher in patients with a p27 positive tumor than in those with a p27 negative tumor (P < 0.05). Patients with cyclin E positive tumors showing low expression of p27 had a poor prognosis. In cyclin E negative group tumors, no significant differences were observed irrespective of p27 expression. CONCLUSIONS Reduced p27 expression is a negative prognostic factor for patients with cyclin E positive tumors.
Collapse
|
133
|
Xiangming C, Natsugoe S, Takao S, Hokita S, Tanabe G, Baba M, Kuroshima K, Aikou T. The cooperative role of p27 with cyclin E in the prognosis of advanced gastric carcinoma. Cancer 2000. [PMID: 11002215 DOI: 10.1002/1097-0142(20000915)89: 6<1214: : aid-cncr4>3.0.co; 2-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cyclin E and p27 play opposing roles in the cell cycle. This study investigated the protein expression of p27 with cyclin E in the progression and prognosis of gastric carcinoma. METHODS Of 241 patients with advanced gastric carcinoma, 38 had muscular layer invasion, 113 had subserosal layer invasion, and 90 had serosal invasion. Anti-p27 and cyclin E antibodies were used for immunohistochemical staining. RESULTS Positive expression of p27 and cyclin E was 32.4% and 38.2%, respectively. Both p27 and cyclin E expression were related to histology of tumors but not to depth of invasion, lymph node metastasis, or stage grouping. A positive correlation was observed between p27 and cyclin E expression (P < 0. 05). Tumors were divided into two groups according to the expression of cyclin E. Within the cyclin E positive tumors, the five-year survival rate was higher in patients with a p27 positive tumor than in those with a p27 negative tumor (P < 0.05). Patients with cyclin E positive tumors showing low expression of p27 had a poor prognosis. In cyclin E negative group tumors, no significant differences were observed irrespective of p27 expression. CONCLUSIONS Reduced p27 expression is a negative prognostic factor for patients with cyclin E positive tumors.
Collapse
|
134
|
Shinchi H, Takao S, Nishida H, Aikou T. Length and quality of survival following external beam radiotherapy combined with expandable metallic stent for unresectable hilar cholangiocarcinoma. J Surg Oncol 2000; 75:89-94. [PMID: 11064386 DOI: 10.1002/1096-9098(200010)75:2<89::aid-jso3>3.0.co;2-v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Hilar cholangiocarcinoma is a morbid disease with a poor prognosis because resection cannot be performed in many cases. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether external beam radiotherapy (RT) combined with expandable metallic biliary stent (EMS) affects the length and quality of survival of patients with unresectable hilar cholangiocarcinomas. METHODS Fifty-one patients with unresectable hilar cholangiocarcinoma were retrospectively reviewed. Thirty patients received external beam radiotherapy combined with EMS (EMS+RT group), 10 patients were treated with EMS alone (EMS group), and the remaining 11 patients underwent percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage alone (PTBD group). The length and quality of survival were analyzed and compared among the three groups. RESULTS The mean survival of 6.4 months in the EMS group was significantly longer than that of 4.4 months in the PTBD group (P < 0.05). The EMS+RT group with a mean survival of 10.6 months had a significantly longer survival than the EMS group (P < 0.05). The average of the monthly Karnofsky scores of 74.9 in the EMS+RT group and 68.1 in the EMS group, as a parameter of quality of survival, was significantly higher than that of 57.7 in the PTBD group (P < 0.01). The number of hospital days per month of survival was significantly smaller in the EMS+RT and EMS groups than in the PTBD group (10.4, 14.2 vs. 27.3 days; P < 0.001). The EMS+RT group had a longer stent patency than the EMS group (mean: 9.8 vs. 3.7 months; P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that external radiotherapy combined with metallic biliary endoprosthesis can increase the length and quality of survival and consequently provide a definite palliative benefit for patients with unresectable hilar cholangiocarcinoma.
Collapse
|
135
|
Takao S, Kawada Y, Ogawa M, Fukuda S, Shimazu Y, Noda M, Tokumoto S. The first reported case of Japanese spotted fever in Hiroshima Prefecture, Japan. Jpn J Infect Dis 2000; 53:216-7. [PMID: 11135712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
|
136
|
Takao S, Akiyama SI, Nakajo A, Yoh H, Kitazono M, Natsugoe S, Miyadera K, Fukushima M, Yamada Y, Aikou T. Suppression of metastasis by thymidine phosphorylase inhibitor. Cancer Res 2000; 60:5345-8. [PMID: 11034068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
We developed a novel inhibitor of thymidine phosphorylase (TP), 5-chloro-6-[1-(2-iminopyrrolidinyl) methyl] uracil hydrochloride (TPI), that is about 1000-fold more active than 6-amino-5-chlorouracil, one of the most potent TP inhibitors. TPI inhibited the high chemotactic motility and basement membrane invasion of KB/TP cells, a TP-positive clone transfected with Rous sarcoma virus (RSV)/TP, to the levels seen in KB/CV cells, a control clone transfected with RSV. In nude mice, oral administration of TPI suppressed not only macroscopic liver metastases of highly metastatic KB/TP cells but also the level of human beta-globin as a molecular marker of micrometastases in the livers of the mice. These findings demonstrate that TP plays a key role in the invasiveness and metastasis of TP-expressing solid tumors and suggest that TPI might be a novel antimetastatic agent for blood-borne metastasis.
Collapse
|
137
|
Okumura H, Natsugoe S, Nakashima S, Matsumoto M, Sakita H, Nakano S, Kusano C, Baba M, Takao S, Furukawa T, Akiyama SI, Aikou T. Apoptosis and cell proliferation in esophageal sqamous cell carcinoma treated by chemotherapy. Cancer Lett 2000; 158:211-6. [PMID: 10960772 DOI: 10.1016/s0304-3835(00)00526-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The p53 gene is associated with G1 arrest during the cell cycle and with apoptosis. To evaluate the preoperative chemotherapeutic effect in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, we retrospectively investigated the apoptotic index (AI) and Ki-67 labeling index (Ki-67LI) in relation to the expression of p53. Thirty patients with esophageal carcinoma who had received chemotherapy prior to surgery were examined using the terminal deoxynucleotidyl-transferase-mediated in-situ end-labeling (TUNEL) method for evaluating AI and immunohistochemical staining with anti Ki-67 and anti p53 antibody for evaluating Ki-67LI and p53 expression, respectively. The histological response rate of chemotherapy was 20.0%. A significant correlation between p53-negative expression and response to chemotherapy was found (P<0. 01). The AIs and Ki-67LIs in p53-negative tumors with ineffective responses to chemotherapy were significantly higher than those in p53-positive tumors with ineffective responses (P<0.05). The AIs and Ki-67LIs were significantly lower in p53-negative tumors with effective responses to chemotherapy than those in p53-negative tumors with ineffective responses (P<0.05 and P<0.01, respectively). Furthermore, significant correlations were found between AIs and Ki-67LIs in p53 negative tumors (r=0.60, P<0.05). In esophageal carcinoma, p53-negative tumors with highly proliferative cells might be susceptible to apoptosis induced by chemotherapy.
Collapse
|
138
|
Onoyama H, Urakawa T, Sugihara S, Hashimoto Y, Azumi Y, Takao S, Saitoh Y. [A noteworthy case of postoperative liver metastasis from gastric cancer which responded well to UFT therapy]. Gan To Kagaku Ryoho 2000; 27:1731-5. [PMID: 11057325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
A 66-year-old male underwent partial gastrectomy (resection of the pyloric side of the stomach) at another hospital on the basis of a diagnosis of gastric cancer (Fig. 1). Five months later, his CEA level began to rise. At that time, multiple liver metastases were detected by ultrasonography and CT scans. The patient received oral UFT therapy (400 mg/day) at our hospital. A reduction in CEA was observed 63 days after the start of this therapy. A judgment of CR (complete response) was made after 4 months of the therapy. At present, 2 years and 4 months after UFT was first administered, the patient shows no signs of tumor recurrence. This case is noteworthy since there has been no previous report of a case where UFT showed a high efficacy in treating liver metastasis after surgical resection of gastric cancer.
Collapse
|
139
|
Takao S, Matsuzaki Y, Shimazu Y, Fukuda S, Noda M, Tokumoto S. Isolation of influenza C virus during the 1999/2000-influenza season in Hiroshima Prefecture, Japan. Jpn J Infect Dis 2000; 53:173-4. [PMID: 11056564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
|
140
|
Takao S, Komazawa Y, Fukuda S, Shimazu Y, Noda M, Tokumoto S. Duration of echovirus 30 excretion in stools from patients with aseptic meningitis. Jpn J Infect Dis 2000; 53:132-3. [PMID: 10957714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
|
141
|
Matsumoto M, Natsugoe S, Nakashima S, Sakamoto F, Okumura H, Sakita H, Baba M, Takao S, Aikou T. Clinical significance of lymph node micrometastasis of pN0 esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Cancer Lett 2000; 153:189-97. [PMID: 10779649 DOI: 10.1016/s0304-3835(00)00374-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The lymph nodes of 59 patients with pN0 esophageal squamous cell carcinomas were examined immunohistochemically using cytokeratin (CK) antibody. Primary tumors were immunostained with cyclin D1 (CD1) and E-cadherin (E-cad) antibody. Lymph node micrometastasis (MM) was found in 39 (55.5%) patients. Tumor recurrence was found in 17 patients and all but one of them had MM. The 5-year survival rate was significantly poorer in patients with MM than in those without MM. Almost all patients with positive CD1 and negative E-cad expression had MM. The examination of CD1 and E-cad expression in primary tumors may be useful for predicting MM.
Collapse
|
142
|
Baba M, Hokita S, Natsugoe S, Miyazono T, Shimada M, Nakano S, Takao S, Aikou T. Paraaortic lymphadenectomy in patients with advanced carcinoma of the upper-third of the stomach. HEPATO-GASTROENTEROLOGY 2000; 47:893-6. [PMID: 10919056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS According to current TNM classification, paraaortic nodes involvement in gastric cancer is now distant metastasis. Anatomically, however, proximal gastric cancer may drain preferentially to the left-paraaortic area which represents a regional lymph-node basin. METHODOLOGY Seventy-five patients who underwent an extended gastrectomy with paraaortic lymphadenectomy for advanced carcinoma of the upper-third of the stomach were retrospectively studied. RESULTS Of the 75 patients, 55 (73.3%) were positive for nodal metastasis and 21 (28.0%) had paraaortic nodes involvement. Paraaortic nodes involvement tended to be left-sided (the left side of the aorta around the left renal vein) and its incidence did not increase as the overall number of infiltrated nodes increased. Five (23.8%) of the 21 patients with paraaortic nodes involvement did not have nodal metastases in the paraceliac area. Overall survival was not different whether or not paraaortic nodes involvement was present, but was dependent on the overall number of infiltrated nodes (viz. 10 vs. > 10). Eight (22.2%) of 36 patients with 1-10 infiltrated nodes had PNI, with a 5-year survival rate of 46.9%. CONCLUSIONS Removal of lymph nodes around the left renal vein should be included during extended gastrectomy in patients with advanced carcinoma of the upper-third of the stomach. Left-paraaortic lymphadenectomy may benefit such patients if the overall number of infiltrated nodes is low (viz. 10).
Collapse
|
143
|
Nakashima S, Natsugoe S, Matsumoto M, Kijima F, Takebayashi Y, Okumura H, Shimada M, Nakano S, Kusano C, Baba M, Takao S, Aikou T. Expression of p53 and p21 is useful for the prediction of preoperative chemotherapeutic effects in esophageal carcinoma. Anticancer Res 2000; 20:1933-7. [PMID: 10928129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
The p53 and p21 genes are associated with G1 arrest during the cell cycle and with apoptosis, both of which have a close relationship with the effect of chemotherapy. In this study, we investigated the correlation between p53 and p21 expression in biopsy specimens and the histological effect of chemotherapy in esophageal carcinoma. A total of 30 patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma received preoperative chemotherapy, then underwent esophagectomy with lymph node dissection. The response rate of primary lesion and metastatic nodes was 20.0% and 25.9%, respectively. The positive rate of p53 and p21 expression was 56.7% and 36.7%, respectively. Preoperative chemotherapy against primary lesions was ineffective in all the patients who expressed p53, but not p21. In contrast, chemotherapy was effective against metastatic lymph nodes which were p53 negative but p21 positive. These findings suggest that p21 positive expression in the absence of p53 is associated with favorable effects of preoperative chemotherapy in patients with esophageal carcinoma. Therefore, the expression of these genes should be examined in biopsy specimens to predict the chemotherapeutic outcomes in patients with esophageal carcinoma.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Adult
- Aged
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/administration & dosage
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use
- Biomarkers, Tumor/biosynthesis
- Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics
- Carcinoma, Adenoid Cystic/drug therapy
- Carcinoma, Adenoid Cystic/genetics
- Carcinoma, Adenoid Cystic/surgery
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/drug therapy
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/genetics
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/surgery
- Chemotherapy, Adjuvant
- Cisplatin/administration & dosage
- Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21
- Cyclins/biosynthesis
- Cyclins/genetics
- Esophageal Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Esophageal Neoplasms/genetics
- Esophageal Neoplasms/surgery
- Esophagectomy
- Female
- Fluorouracil/administration & dosage
- Genes, p53
- Humans
- Leucovorin/administration & dosage
- Lymph Node Excision
- Lymphatic Metastasis
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Neoplasm Proteins/biosynthesis
- Neoplasm Proteins/genetics
- Premedication
- Prognosis
- Treatment Outcome
- Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/biosynthesis
- Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/genetics
Collapse
|
144
|
Matsumoto M, Natsugoe S, Nakashima S, Shimada M, Nakano S, Kusano C, Baba M, Takao S, Matsushita Y, Aikou T. Biological evaluation of undifferentiated carcinoma of the esophagus. Ann Surg Oncol 2000; 7:204-9. [PMID: 10791851 DOI: 10.1007/bf02523655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with undifferentiated carcinoma of the esophagus (UEC) are rare and have a poor prognosis compared with those with differentiated squamous cell carcinomas (DECs). We compared clinicopathological and biological features of UEC and DEC, with emphasis on markers for epithelial cell origin, proliferation, and cell-cell adhesion. METHODS Seven patients with UEC were compared with 21 with DEC. Immunohistochemical studies were performed by using monoclonal antibodies to cytokeratin, epithelial membrane antigen, p53, p21WAF1/CIP1, Ki-67, E-cadherin, desmoglein-1, and thrombomodulin. RESULTS Patients with UEC had a poorer prognosis because of hematogenous metastasis at the time of presentation (mean survival, 6.5 +/- 6.2 vs. 35.5 +/- 28.9 months; P < .05). Immunohistochemical findings for cytokeratin and epithelial membrane antigen suggest that some UECs had epithelial origins. The following immunohistochemical profile of UEC was consistent with its highly malignant properties: (1) reduced or negative expression of cell-cell adhesion molecules such as E-cadherin, desmoglein-1, and thrombomodulin, (2) high positive rate for p53 and Ki-67, and (3) negative expression of p21WAF1/CIP1. CONCLUSIONS The immunohistochemical findings for UEC showed its high cell-proliferative activity and a high potential for metastasis. Clinical features of UEC were supported by the results of immunohistochemical findings.
Collapse
|
145
|
Takao S, Ishida T, Bhatia KK, Saha N, Soemantri A, Kayame OW. Seroprevalence of human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 in Papua New Guinea and Irian Jaya measured using different western blot criteria. J Clin Virol 2000; 16:129-33. [PMID: 10720817 DOI: 10.1016/s1386-6532(99)00087-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endemic foci of HTLV-1 carriers have been found in the world, however, the origin of HTLV-1 in humans is still unclear. Since a distinct type of virus strain was isolated from the Solomon Islands, detailed surveys on HTLV-1 prevalence in New Guinea are important to shed light on its history of dissemination. OBJECTIVE To clarify the seroprevalence of HTLV-1 in different regions of New Guinea Island. STUDY DESIGN Sera from 1221 individuals (649 males, 454 females and 118 unknown) in New Guinea Island were studied for the presence of antibodies to HTLV-1 by a particle agglutination and the Western blot (WB) tests. Two different sets of criteria, proposed by WHO and Kiyokawa et al., were employed to interpret the WB test. Since the latter seemed to lack adequate specificity, the WHO criteria was used for the evaluation of the seroprevalence throughout the study. RESULTS Seroprevalence of HTLV-1 differed by the WB criteria. By the more stringent criteria, HTLV-1 carriers were found in Madang, Chimbu and one hinterland province, Enga, in Papua New Guinea. An overall seroprevalence rate in different regions ranged from 0 to 14.6%. No seropositive individuals were found in Irian Jaya. CONCLUSIONS To avoid overestimating the seropositivity rates, the WHO criteria would be more appropriate to employ for WB test by using the samples obtained from tropical and/or malaria endemic areas. This study is the first to show HTLV-1 infected individuals in the hinterland of New Guinea Island.
Collapse
|
146
|
Kijima F, Natsugoe S, Takao S, Aridome K, Baba M, Yoshifumi M, Eizuru Y, Aikou T. Detection and clinical significance of lymph node micrometastasis determined by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction in patients with esophageal carcinoma. Oncology 2000; 58:38-44. [PMID: 10644939 DOI: 10.1159/000012077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
We investigated micrometastasis in lymph nodes by detecting carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) mRNA. A total of 400 lymph nodes obtained from 21 patients with esophageal carcinoma were examined by CEA-specific reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Serial sections of positive lymph nodes were reexamined histologically and immunohistologically. Twenty-seven lymph nodes of 11 patients were diagnosed as being positive by conventional histologic examination. CEA-mRNA positivity was found in 18 of 21 patients. Among 373 histologically negative nodes, 79 (21.2%) were positive for CEA mRNA. Of these, micrometastasis was detected in 2 by histological reexamination and in 11 by immunohistochemical staining using cytokeratin antibody. Two of 6 RT-PCR-positive patients (33.3%) had recurrent disease. Four of 11 patients (36.4%) whose nodal involvement was discovered by routine histological examination also had recurrent cancer. CEA-specific RT-PCR detected micrometastasis in lymph nodes at a higher rate than histological or immunohistochemical analysis of serial sections. Since the incidence of CEA-mRNA positivity is high in the lymph nodes of esophageal cancer patients except for those with early cancer, these patients should be treated with adjuvant therapy.
Collapse
|
147
|
Takao S, Che X, Fukudome T, Natsugoe S, Ozawa M, Aikou T. Down-regulation of E-cadherin by antisense oligonucleotide enhances basement membrane invasion of pancreatic carcinoma cells. Hum Cell 2000; 13:15-21. [PMID: 10937343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic carcinoma shows a marked invasiveness around tissues lymph node and/or hematogenous metastases resulting in poor prognoses of the patients. We examined on whether E-cadherin is associated with these malignant behaviors of pancreatic carcinoma cells using a human pancreatic adenocarcinoma cell line, JHP-1. Immunohistochemically, E-cadherin expression of JHP-1 cells was remarkably inhibited by treatment with E-cadherin antisense oligonucleotide. By invasion-MTT assay, JHP-1 cells treated with E-cadherin antisense oligonucleotide showed a significant increase of invasiveness compared to those treated with the control oligonucleotide (P < 0.001), whereas the proliferation of JHP-1 cells was not affected by the presence of either E-cadherin antisense or control oligonucleotide. Thus, down-regulation of E-cadherin of pancreatic carcinoma cells induced the invasiveness into the basement membrane. These results suggest that the reduction in E-cadherin expression plays a key role not only in detachment of cell-cell adhesion but also in invasion and metastasis of pancreatic carcinoma cells.
Collapse
|
148
|
Xiangming C, Hokita S, Natsugoe S, Tanabe G, Baba M, Takao S, Kuroshima K, Aikou T. p21 expression is a prognostic factor in patients with p53-negative gastric cancer. Cancer Lett 2000; 148:181-8. [PMID: 10695995 DOI: 10.1016/s0304-3835(99)00335-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The expression of p21 and p53 proteins was analyzed by immunohistochemistry in 256 patients with advanced gastric cancer. The results showed that strong, weak and negative expression of p21 were detected in 22.2 (57/256), 68.0 (174/256) and 9.8% (25/256) of the patients, respectively. p53 expression was found in 28.9% (74/256). The expression of p21 was not associated with clinicopathological features. In p53 negative tumors, p21 expression was associated with the survival of patients who underwent curative operations (P = 0.007). The 5-year survival rates were 20.1, 36.6 and 59.8% in patients with p21-negative, -weakly positive and -strongly positive tumors, respectively. In contrast, in p53-positive tumors, prognosis did not differ in spite of p21 expression. Multivariate analysis showed that p21 expression was an independent factor in patients with p53-negative tumors. These results indicate that examination of p21 expression in p53 negative tumors will be useful for estimating the prognosis of patients with advanced gastric cancer.
Collapse
|
149
|
Takao S, Uchikura K, Yonezawa S, Shinchi H, Aikou T. Mucin core protein expression in extrahepatic bile duct carcinoma is associated with metastases to the liver and poor prognosis. Cancer 2000. [PMID: 10570420 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1097-0142(19991115)86:10<1966::aid-cncr13>3.0.co;2-m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Curative resection does not guarantee long term survival for the patient with extrahepatic bile duct carcinoma because of the possibility of metastases to the liver (LM). Expression of mucin core protein-1 (MUC1), sialyl-Le(x), and sialosyl-Tn in bile duct carcinoma was determined and compared with LM and prognosis. METHODS Immunohistochemical expression of MUC1, sialyl-Le(x), and sialosyl-Tn in 73 extrahepatic bile duct tumors was analyzed using the DF3, FH6, and TKH2 monoclonal antibodies, respectively. Scoring was based on the percentage of immunoreactive cells: negative, low expression (</=25% immunoreactive cells), and high expression (>25%). RESULTS High expression of MUC1, sialyl-Le(x), and sialosyl-Tn was observed in 68.5%, 34.2%, and 54.8%, respectively. of 73 cases. Patients with tumors showing high expression of MUC1 had a higher rate of LM (48.9%) and a significantly shorter survival period (median survival time, 17.8 months) compared with patients with tumors showing low (incidence of LM, 9.1%; median survival time, >100 months) or negative (incidence of LM, 11.1%; median survival time, 52.9 months) expression of MUC1 (P < 0.01). However, the survival period of patients with tumors showing high, low, or negative expression of sialyl-Le(x) or of sialosyl-Tn did not differ significantly. High MUC1 expression correlated with LM by logistic regression analysis and emerged as an independent prognostic factor in stepwise multivariate analysis. CONCLUSIONS The results of the current study demonstrate that high expression of MUC1 correlates with LM and poor outcome in patients with extrahepatic bile duct carcinoma.
Collapse
|
150
|
Shinchi H, Takao S, Maenohara S, Aikou T. Gastric acidity following pancreaticogastrostomy with pylorus-preserving pancreaticoduodenectomy. World J Surg 2000; 24:86-90; discussion 90-1. [PMID: 10594209 DOI: 10.1007/s002689910016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Pancreaticogastrostomy (PG) has been reintroduced and employed occasionally as a useful alternative to pancreaticojejunostomy (PJ) after Whipple resection or pylorus-preserving pancreaticoduodenectomy (PPPD). Although the physiologic alteration in the stomach is important for the correlation between gastric and pancreatic functions, the actual intragastric pH profile after PG is still unclear. This study was conducted to investigate the physiologic changes in gastric pH and serum gastrin and secretin levels before and after PPPD reconstructed with PG (PPPD-PG) in humans. Twenty-four hour continuous intragastric pH and serum gastrin and secretin levels in the fasting state were examined in 25 patients who had undergone PPPD-PG. No peptic ulcer was detected after the operation. After PG, serum gastrin and secretin levels were unchanged. Twenty-four hour gastric pH monitoring revealed two distinct patterns during the nocturnal period before the operation: patients with acid-type secretion (n = 11) exhibited a persistent acid pH, whereas those with alkaline-type secretion (n = 14) had cyclic variations between an acid and an alkaline pH value. After PG, in both acid- and alkaline-type patients, median pH and percentages of time that the gastric pH was less than 4 (% pH < 4) and more than 6 (% pH > 6) did not change, and circadian pH patterns also remained unchanged. These results suggest that PPPD-PG has little influence on gastric acidity, and the neurohumoral relation between the stomach, duodenum, and pancreas is preserved after PG. Therefore, physiologically, PG can be recommended as a reconstructive procedure after PPPD.
Collapse
|