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Matsuura A, Takayama S, Kozutsumi D, Ichimiya S, Honda R, Shen M, Natori T, Kikuchi K. Molecular cloning of rat class I genes related to the mouse TL gene subfamily of the major histocompatibility complex. Transplant Proc 1993; 25:2754-5. [PMID: 8105574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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302
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Kass DH, Shen M, Appel NB, Anderson DE, Saunders GF. Examination of DNA methylation of chromosomal hot spots associated with breast cancer. Anticancer Res 1993; 13:1245-51. [PMID: 8239493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Widespread hypomethylation of DNA and regional hypermethylation, including tumor suppressor regions, have been demonstrated in several human cancers. Since a highly heterogeneous array of genetic anomalies have been associated with breast cancer, we examined several chromosomal hot spots for abnormal methylation patterns. Low-levels of increased methylation of HRAS (11p15) were observed between normal and tumor breast tissue samples from 8 patients. No noticeable variation in methylation was observed with DNA probes from chromosomes 11p15, 1p36, 17q22, 17p13.3 and 3p21 for the 7 ductal breast carcinoma patients, though some variability was observed for a patient with atypical medullary carcinoma. Additionally, the methylation pattern of the estrogen-receptor gene (6q24-27), whose protein product is increased in numerous breast cancers, also did not change. Therefore, as opposed to other cancer types, widespread hypomethylation and regional hypermethylation do not appear to be involved in the early stages of breast cancer and does not account for the molecular heterogeneity of the disease. Proposed alternative mechanisms for the diversity of genetic alterations associated with breast cancer are discussed.
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MESH Headings
- Blotting, Southern
- Breast Neoplasms/genetics
- Breast Neoplasms/metabolism
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 1
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 11
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 17
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 3
- DNA, Neoplasm/analysis
- DNA, Neoplasm/metabolism
- Female
- Humans
- Methylation
- Receptors, Estrogen/metabolism
- Wilms Tumor/metabolism
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Shen M, Wright RM, Carta G, Herr JC. Assay for recombinant and native human intraacrosomal antigen SP-10. Am J Reprod Immunol 1993; 29:231-40. [PMID: 7691073 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0897.1993.tb00592.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
PROBLEM To develop a method to measure a recombinant sperm protein, SP-10, during scale up and purification for a contraceptive vaccine formulation. METHOD A quantitative assay method for the human intraacrosomal protein SP-10 was developed utilizing the format of indirect capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). A SP-10 specific monoclonal antibody mAb, MHS-10, was used as the capture antibody. Two recognition reagents, a rabbit polyclonal anti-SP-10 antisera (pAb) and a biotin-labeled mAb, MHS-10, were used as the recognition antibodies, respectively. A SP-10 recombinant fusion protein consisting of 125 SP-10 amino acids linked to glutathione transferase was used as a working SP-10 standard. The coefficient of variance for the assay system using the rabbit pAb was in the range of 0.099 to 0.157, and for the assay system using the biotinylated mAb MHS-10 was in the range of 0.081 to 0.084. RESULTS Employing biotinylated MHS-10 as the recognition antibody, it was found that the native SP-10 molecule had more than one MHS-10 epitope. The concentration of SP-10 in a pool of human sperm extracts was found to be approximately 1% of the total proteins, assayed by both of the recognition antibody systems. CONCLUSIONS The assay system described is useful to monitor the yield of recombinant SP-10 during scale-up production of the SP-10 vaccine.
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304
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Farge D, Shen M, Castaldo F, Gardin JP, Carpentier S, Cambillau M, Puaud AC, Carpentier A. [Phosphocalcium metabolism in patients with calcified valvular bioprosthesis]. Presse Med 1993; 22:667-70. [PMID: 8511113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Calcium and gla-protein content are increased in the calcifications of cardiac bioprostheses. Such calcifications are more frequent during growth, pregnancy and renal failure when bone gla-protein levels are elevated. We investigated whether bone gla-protein and other markers of calcium metabolism play a role in bioprostheses calcifications. Forty-seven patients were separated into 2 groups according to the presence (group A, n = 9) or absence (group B, n = 38) of bioprostheses calcifications, as assessed by echo-doppler and surgery. Plasma levels of calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, creatinine and alkaline phosphatases were measured by standard laboratory methods, parathormone and those of bone gla-protein by specific radioimmunoassays. Results (mean +/- SEM) were compared (group A versus group B, P < 0.01) using Student's test and one-factor variance analysis (ANOVA). Age was similar in both group (53 +/- 12.9 vs 50 +/- 12.3 yrs), whereas duration of implant was greater in group A (104 +/- 12.4 vs 66 +/- 6.5 months, P < 0.01). No statistically significant difference was found between group A and B concerning biochemical and/or hormonal markers of calcium metabolism. These negative results merit to be discussed, and further studies will be needed to explore the potential role of circulating bone gla-protein in bioprostheses calcifications.
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305
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Tian Y, Fang Y, Sun C, Shen W, Luo Q, Shen M. Effects of copper coordinate complexes on the scavenging of reactive oxygen species. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1993; 191:646-53. [PMID: 8384848 DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.1993.1266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Effects of a 20-membered macrocyclic bicopper complex and dioxotetramine copper complexes with linear or cyclic structure on the scavenging of ROS have been studied by ESR. The results indicated that all three copper coordinate complexes have SOD mimetic activity. The dioxotetramine copper complex with linear or cyclic structure did not have the scavenging effect on .OH produced by H2O2-Fe++ and 1O2 produced by the H2O2-NaOCl system, but the 20-membered macrocyclic bicopper complex was found to be capable of depressing the intensity of the ESR spectrum of the adduct formed from TMP and 1O2 as well as making the spectrum of DMPO-OH adduct splittings. This fact may suggest that there are interactions between the ROS and 20-membered macrocyclic ring in the SOD mimic.
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306
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Upadhyaya M, Shen M, Cherryson A, Farnham J, Maynard J, Huson SM, Harper PS. Analysis of mutations at the neurofibromatosis 1 (NF1) locus. Hum Mol Genet 1992; 1:735-40. [PMID: 1302608 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/1.9.735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
A panel of 200 unrelated NF1 individuals has been screened for mutations using a panel of specific clones for the entire gene. DNA analysis on conventional Southern blots indicated that (20) 10% of NF1 patients showed aberrant bands. Small lesions involving nucleotide alterations were detected in a further 10 patients; 5 of these alterations have been fully characterised and are the novel mutations in the NF1 gene. A number of mutations were identified in exon 2. Identical mutations in this exon in two unrelated individuals involved an insertion of cytosine into codon 5662 and resulted in an inappropriate stop codon. This mutation also created a new MnlI site. Another novel mutation in exon 2 resulted from the insertion of thymidine at nucleotide 5678, which also created an inappropriate stop codon. We have so far completed the screen of exons 1-9 of the NF1 gene for the identification of mutations and have found no evidence of clustering of such mutations in the gene.
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307
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Zhu S, Luo Q, Shen M, Huang L. Structure of the hydrogen-bond-rich dinickel(II) complex of N,N',N'',N'''-tetrakis(2-aminoethyl)-1,1,2,2-ethanetetraamide. Acta Crystallogr C 1992. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108270192003056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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308
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Tian Y, Fang Y, Luo Q, Shen M, Lu A, Shen W. The inhibitory effects of 21 mimics of superoxide dismutase on luminol-mediated chemiluminescence emitted from PMA-stimulated polymorphonuclear leukocyte. Free Radic Biol Med 1992; 13:533-41. [PMID: 1459477 DOI: 10.1016/0891-5849(92)90148-a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Four groups comprising 21 superoxide dismutase (SOD) mimics synthesized by us were comparatively studied for their inhibitory effects on luminol-mediated chemiluminescence emitted from phorbol myristate acetate (PMA)-stimulated polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMNL). Among these groups, 20-membered macrocyclic bicopper(II) complexes and 13-membered macrocyclic dioxotetramine copper(II) complexes exhibited relatively higher activities of scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by PMA-stimulated PMNL as compared with polyamine Cu(II)-Zn(II) complexes and copper(II) complexes of bis-shiff-base. Moreover, distinctly different effects of SOD mimics in the biological system have been found even in the same group. It is suggested that the biological effects of some SOD mimics are related to their structures.
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309
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Han C, Wu G, Yin Y, Shen M. Inhibition by germanium oxide of the mutagenicity of cadmium chloride in various genotoxicity assays. Food Chem Toxicol 1992; 30:521-4. [PMID: 1500038 DOI: 10.1016/0278-6915(92)90104-s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The effects of germanium oxide on the genotoxicity of cadmium chloride were investigated. The incorporation of [3H]thymidine into testicular DNA was inhibited in mice injected ip with 1.35, 1.80 or 2.70 mg cadmium chloride/kg body weight. Germanium oxide (0.05 or 0.1 mg/kg body weight, sc) alone did not affect [3H]thymidine incorporation into testicular DNA but 0.05 mg germanium oxide/kg antagonized the inhibitory effect of 1.35 mg cadmium chloride/kg. However, combinations of the other doses of the two compounds did not show statistically significant antagonistic effects. Cadmium chloride significantly increased the frequencies of micronucleus formation in polychromatic erythrocytes, and of chromosome aberrations in the bone marrow of mice treated with 0.7, 1.4 or 2.7 mg/kg body weight, in a dose-related manner. These effects were inhibited by germanium oxide at doses of 0.1 or 0.5 mg/kg body weight, although germanium oxide alone did not affect micronucleus formation or the chromosome aberration rate. Cadmium chloride produced a dose-related increase in the frequency of sister chromatid exchanges in cultured human lymphocytes at concentrations of 5, 10 or 50 mumol. This effect was also inhibited by germanium oxide (0.05 or 0.1 mumol), although germanium oxide alone had no effect. There was a dose-related increase in the frequency of sperms with abnormal head morphologies from mice treated with 0.6, 1.1 or 2.2 mg cadmium chloride/kg body weight and this too was antagonized by the injection of germanium oxide (0.1 or 0.5 mg/kg body weight). Germanium oxide alone did not affect the frequency of sperm-head abnormalities.
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310
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Isozaki H, Adam R, Gigou M, Szekely AM, Shen M, Bismuth H. Experimental study of the protective effect of intermittent hepatic pedicle clamping in the rat. Br J Surg 1992; 79:310-3. [PMID: 1576495 DOI: 10.1002/bjs.1800790409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The tolerance of the liver to ischaemia during intermittent clamping of the hepatic pedicle was compared with that during a continuous Pringle manoeuvre. Three groups of rats undergoing total durations of clamping of 60, 90 and 120 min were studied. A temporary peroperative portacaval shunt was used to exclude the effects of splanchnic venous stasis and allow independent study of the effects of hepatic ischaemia. In each group, three methods of portal clamping were evaluated: a continuous Pringle manoeuvre (n = 10), a 30-min intermittent clamping (n = 10) and a 15-min intermittent clamping (n = 10). The clamp release time between the periods of liver ischaemia was 5 min. Survival at day 7 and postoperative changes in liver function (transaminase enzymes, bilirubin, bromsulphthalein elimination, liver adenosine 5'-triphosphate levels) were recorded. Intermittent clamping of the pedicle was tolerated significantly better than continuous clamping. This method optimizes the ability of the liver to tolerate extended periods of ischaemia. For a given duration of ischaemia, no additional improvement could be produced by shortening the intermittent clamping period from 30 to 15 min. These data suggest that, when the Pringle manoeuvre is used, it should be applied intermittently rather than continuously.
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311
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Liang YR, Cheng RX, Shen M, Guo YX, Su XS. A further study on capillary-like bile ductules proliferation in chronic active hepatitis. Chin Med J (Engl) 1990; 103:623-8. [PMID: 1700747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
64 cases of chronic active hepatitis (CAH) and 84 cases of non-CAH liver diseases were studied with keratin stain. The capillary-like bile ductules (CLBD) were proliferating and their morphology was identical to that with Type V collagen stain reported before. CLBD proliferation were more marked in CAH than in other liver diseases, and it was considered to be one of the characteristics of CAH and could be used for differential diagnosis. The ultrastructure of CLBD was specific in morphology. The HBV-DNA in CLBD shown by the technique of in situ hybridization suggested that HBV might infect the cells of CLBD.
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312
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Plaseska D, Wilson JB, Gu LH, Kutlar F, Huisman TH, Zeng YT, Shen M. Hb Zengcheng or alpha 2 beta(2)114(G16)Leu----Met. Hemoglobin 1990; 14:555-7. [PMID: 2079435 DOI: 10.3109/03630269009005808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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313
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314
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Shieh SM, Shen M, Fuh MM, Chen YD, Reaven GM. Plasma lipid and lipoprotein concentrations in Chinese males with coronary artery disease, with and without hypertension. Atherosclerosis 1987; 67:49-55. [PMID: 3675705 DOI: 10.1016/0021-9150(87)90264-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Plasma lipid and lipoprotein concentrations were determined in 125 Chinese males with a medical history and electrocardiographic abnormalities consistent with the diagnosis of coronary artery disease (CAD). All subjects underwent coronary arteriography, and patients were divided into 3 groups based upon the results of the coronary arteriograms: 1) patients with a negative angiogram (CAD-, n = 30), without hypertension; 2) patients with a positive angiogram, without hypertension (CAD+, n = 70); and 3) patients with a positive angiogram, who had hypertension (CAD + HT, n = 25). Mean fasting plasma lipid and lipoprotein concentrations of these 3 groups of patients were compared to values in age and weight-matched groups of normal individuals (n = 80) and untreated patients with hypertension and no evidence of CAD (HT, n = 20). The results indicated that total plasma triglyceride, cholesterol, and LDL-cholesterol levels were significantly higher (P less than 0.001) than normal in patients with CAD+ and CAD + HT, whereas only plasma cholesterol levels were higher than normal in patients with HT. Although patients with CAD- had values intermediate between normal and CAD, the differences were not statistically significant. In addition, the ratio of LDL to HDL-cholesterol was significantly increased (P less than 0.05-0.001) above normal in patients with CAD+, CAD + HT, and HT. As before, the values in patients with CAD- were intermediate. These data document the presence of multiple abnormalities of lipid and lipoprotein concentration in patients with angiographic evidence of CAD, whether or not they were hypertensive. Furthermore, abnormalities in lipid and lipoprotein metabolism were seen in patients with hypertension alone.
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315
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Gregersen PK, Shen M, Song QL, Merryman P, Degar S, Seki T, Maccari J, Goldberg D, Murphy H, Schwenzer J. Molecular diversity of HLA-DR4 haplotypes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1986; 83:2642-6. [PMID: 3458223 PMCID: PMC323355 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.83.8.2642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 249] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Complementary DNA (cDNA) clones encoding beta chains of the DR and DQ regions and alpha chains of the DQ region were isolated and sequenced from four homozygous DR4 cell lines of different HLA-D types: GM3103(Dw4), FS(Dw10), BIN(Dw14), and KT3(Dw15). When compared with each other and with a previously published sequence from a DR4 (Dw13 cell line), the variability of DR beta 1 gene products is generally restricted to the region around amino acid position 70, with an additional polymorphism at position 86. Many of these differences, including an unusual amino acid substitution at position 57 in the Japanese cell line KT3(Dw15), may be due to gene conversion events from the DR beta 2 or DX beta genes. In contrast, DR beta 2 molecules are identical in Dw15, Dw10, and Dw4 cell lines. DQ beta chains isolated from GM3103(Dw4), FS(Dw10), and BIN40(Dw14) are also identical. However, the DQ beta sequence from cell line KT3(Dw15) differs substantially from all other previously reported DQ beta alleles, consistent with its serological designation, DQ "blank." The first domain sequences of DQ alpha chains were identical in all four cell lines. The data suggest that relatively circumscribed amino acid changes in the DR beta 1 molecule are responsible for the HLA-D typing differences between some haplotypes.
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316
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Kuan TK, Lee SP, Lin JG, Shen M. The effect of needle stimulation of acupuncture loci Tienshu (St-25) Chung-Wan (CV-12) on the immune response in sensitized mice against experimental cholera. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 1986; 14:73-83. [PMID: 3962918 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x86000120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The effects of stimulation of acupuncture loci from Tien-Shu (St-25) piercing through Chung-Wan (CV-12) on the Leukocytes and immune response were assessed in mice (that is, the anatomical equivalent of these loci of human acupuncture points). The leukocyte count increased and reached its highest level two hours after needling, then restored to normal level 24 hours later both in normal mice and immunized mice. Statistical analysis showed no significant variation on the lymphocyte/total leukocyte ratio in normal mice or immunized mice before, during and after needling. The effects of acupuncture on the production of anti-Vibrio cholerae in serum of the immunized mice can not be found, but produced positive effects in small intestine both on production of SIgA and antagonism to cholera. Furthermore these enhanced effects were higher by needling after oral (p.o.) boosting than that before oral boosting.
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317
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Hodgkin J, Doniach T, Shen M. The sex determination pathway in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans: variations on a theme. COLD SPRING HARBOR SYMPOSIA ON QUANTITATIVE BIOLOGY 1985; 50:585-93. [PMID: 3868496 DOI: 10.1101/sqb.1985.050.01.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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318
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Shen M, Ge HL, He YX, Song QL, Zhang HZ. Immunosuppressive action of Qinghaosu. SCIENTIA SINICA. SERIES B, CHEMICAL, BIOLOGICAL, AGRICULTURAL, MEDICAL & EARTH SCIENCES 1984; 27:398-406. [PMID: 6379875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Qinghaosu, isolated and purified from the Chinese herb, Artemisia annua Linn, and identified as a sesquiterpene with a peroxide bridge and lactone structure, is a highly potent and non-toxic new antimalaria drug. This paper reports the immunosuppressive action of its water soluble derivative (hemisuccinate NA, QHS). The remarkable suppression by QHS of the in vitro 3HTdR incorporation by mitogen-stimulated mouse spleen cells and human peripheral lymphocytes, as well as the spontaneous incorporation by mouse thymocytes and blood cells from some leukemia patients is presented and its characteristics are described. The in vivo effect as shown by quantitative PFC is studied and the difference between the present in vitro and in vivo effects is investigated. The possible mechanism of inhibition and discrepancy in effects are discussed.
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319
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Lee TD, Zhao T, Chi Z, Wong H, Shen M, Rodey G. HLA-A, B and HLA-DR phenotypes in Mainland Chinese patients with diabetes mellitus. TISSUE ANTIGENS 1983; 22:92-5. [PMID: 6577696 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0039.1983.tb01173.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
HLA-A, B and DR antigens were studied in Mainland Chinese diabetes mellitus patients and controls (31 Type I DM, 50 Type II DM, 105 controls). HLA-DR3 and HLA-A9 were increased in Type I diabetics only. An increase in HLA-DR4 was noted in Type I diabetics, but the increase was not statistically significant in this small series.
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320
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321
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Soong D, Shen M. Shear-rate-dependent viscosity of non-Newtonian suspensions and entangled polymer systems. POLYM ENG SCI 1980. [DOI: 10.1002/pen.760201711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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322
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Caimi F, Casasent D, Shen M, Feng B. Laser diode lensless MSF-HOE correlator. APPLIED OPTICS 1980; 19:2653-2654. [PMID: 20234480 DOI: 10.1364/ao.19.002653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
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323
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Morita S, Bell AT, Shen M. The effect of frequency on the plasma polymerization of ethane. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1979. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.1979.170170914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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324
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Hinman PV, Bell AT, Shen M. Composite reverse osmosis membranes prepared by plasma polymerization of allylamine. Evaluation of membrane performance for the treatment of washwater and its components. J Appl Polym Sci 1979. [DOI: 10.1002/app.1979.070231220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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325
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326
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Shah BA, Shen M, Akovali G. Dynamic mechanical properties of solvent-crazed polystyrene. J Appl Polym Sci 1979. [DOI: 10.1002/app.1979.070230126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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327
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Tibbitt JM, Shen M, Bell AT. Charakterisierung der Struktur von plasmapolymerisierten Kohlenwasserstoffen. Colloid Polym Sci 1978. [DOI: 10.1007/bf01784530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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328
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Hiratsuka H, Akovali G, Shen M, Bell AT. Plasma polymerization of some simple saturated hydrocarbons. J Appl Polym Sci 1978. [DOI: 10.1002/app.1978.070220405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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329
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Hong SD, Hansen DR, Williams MC, Shen M. Viscoelastic properties of entangled polymers. II. The interchain–intrachain entanglement model. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1977. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.1977.180151101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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330
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Peric D, Bell AT, Shen M. Reverse osmosis characteristics of composite membranes prepared by plasma polymerization of allylamine. Effects of deposition conditions. J Appl Polym Sci 1977. [DOI: 10.1002/app.1977.070211008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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331
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332
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Kobayashi H, Shen M, Bell AT. Die Rolle von Halogenen bei der Plasma-Polymerisation von Kohlenwasserstoffen. Colloid Polym Sci 1977. [DOI: 10.1007/bf01550220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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333
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Seeger M, Gritter RJ, Tibbitt JM, Shen M, Bell AT. Analysis of plasma-polymerized hydrocarbons by pyrolysis/gas chromatography. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1977. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.1977.170150611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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334
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Colter KD, Bell AT, Shen M. Control of the pilocarpine release rate through hydrogels by plasma treatment. BIOMATERIALS, MEDICAL DEVICES, AND ARTIFICIAL ORGANS 1977; 5:1-12. [PMID: 870099 DOI: 10.3109/10731197709118662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The rate of release of an aqueous solution of pilocarpine hydrochloride sequestered in hydrogel-type materials can be reduced by plasma treatment of the polymer surface. Two plasma techniques were used. The first involves exposure of the hydrogel to the effects of a glow discharge sustained in argon, a process known as CASING. (Crosslinking by Active Species of Inert Gases). The second technique involves the deposition of a thin film by plasma polymerization of organic gases. The gases used in this study were ethane, ethylene and tetrafluoroethylene. Hydrogels were prepared by photopolymerization of 2-hydroxymethyl methacrylate (HEMA), and copolymerization of HEMA with methyl acrylate. The CASING treatment was found to be least effective. The most successful method was the plasma polymerization of tetrafluoroethylene, which yielded an order of magnitude reduction in the flux rate of pilocarpine with a film thickness of 0.25micronm. Polymerization conditions bringing about a crack-resistant film were critical in obtaining the best results.
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335
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Colter KD, Shen M, Bell AT. Reduction of progesterone release rate through silicone membranes by plasma polymerization. BIOMATERIALS, MEDICAL DEVICES, AND ARTIFICIAL ORGANS 1977; 5:13-24. [PMID: 857946 DOI: 10.3109/10731197709118663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
An investigation was performed to determine the effectiveness of thin plasma-polymerized films and CASING for controlling the flux of progesterone through poly-(dimethyl siloxane) membranes. It was concluded that up to 40-fold reductions in flux could be achieved with plasma-polymerized films. The principal factors affecting the extent of flux reduction were the nature of the monomer used (ethylene, ethane and tetrafluoroethylene), the film thickness, and the deposition conditions. CASING (Crosslinking by Activated Species of Inert Gases) of the poly-(dimethyl siloxane) membrane surface also proved effective in reducing the flux of progesterone through it.
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337
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Shen M, Ruble JR, Hite G. Stereochemical aspects of local anesthetic action. II. The crystal structure of cocaine methiodide. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1975. [DOI: 10.1107/s0567740875008564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Niinomi M, Kobayashi H, Bell AT, Shen M. The effects of substrate surface roughness on the morphology of plasma-polymerized ethylene. J Appl Polym Sci 1974. [DOI: 10.1002/app.1974.070180725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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340
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Willis MS, Shen M, Gray KJ. Investigation of the fundamental assumptions relating compression-permeability data with filtration. CAN J CHEM ENG 1974. [DOI: 10.1002/cjce.5450520306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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341
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Kobayashi H, Shen M, Bell AT. Effects of Reaction Conditions on the Plasma Polymerization of Ethylene. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1974. [DOI: 10.1080/00222337408065836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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342
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Shen M, Kaniskin VA, Biliyar K, Boyd RH. Ultrasonic absorption and dielectric loss in heterophase block copolymers. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1973. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.1973.180111115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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343
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Chang FY, Shen M, Bell AT. Effects of electric discharge surface treatment on the diffusion characteristics of polymers. J Appl Polym Sci 1973. [DOI: 10.1002/app.1973.070170929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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344
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Kaniskin VA, Kaya A, Ling A, Shen M. Mechanical and dielectric relaxations in alternating block copolymers of dimethylsiloxane and bisphenol a carbonate. J Appl Polym Sci 1973. [DOI: 10.1002/app.1973.070170906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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345
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346
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Choi G, Kaya A, Shen M. Viscoelastic properties of heterophase blends of homopolymers and block copolymers. POLYM ENG SCI 1973. [DOI: 10.1002/pen.760130311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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347
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Cirlin EH, Shen M. Effect of Side-Chain Structure on Thermoelasticity of Acrylic Polymers. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1971. [DOI: 10.1080/00222337108061110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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348
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349
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Shen M, Kaelble DH. On the viscoelastic behavior of a styrene-butadiene-styrene (S-B-S) block copolymer. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1970. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.1970.110080302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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350
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Eisenberg A, Shen M. Recent Advances in Glass Transitions in Polymers. RUBBER CHEMISTRY AND TECHNOLOGY 1970. [DOI: 10.5254/1.3547241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Since the publication of our review “Glass Transition in Polymers” in 1966, a number of interesting advances have been made in this field. The present article is intended to be an addendum to this review, reporting the progress that has been made by various workers during the past three years. In addition, a number of topics were not covered in the previous article due to the relatively incomplete understanding at that time. These will now be discussed. This is not because these topics are at present fully understood. Rather, we hope it will serve as a progress report to stimulate further interest in areas where further work is needed. The numbering systems and notations in this paper will follow those in the previous article for the sake of continuity.
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