151
|
Hayashi Y, Morikawa S, Kawabata M, Hotta Y. The synthesis of cadystins, heavy metal chelating peptides, is induced in the fission yeast by wounds of the cell wall or by incubation with chitosan. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1992; 188:388-94. [PMID: 1417859 DOI: 10.1016/0006-291x(92)92397-g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
It has been shown that heavy metal administration induced the synthesis of cadystins, the small metal chelating peptide with the general structure of (gamma-glu-cys)n-gly, in the fission yeast and in plants. Besides heavy metals, wounds to the cell surface or the incubation with chitosan induced the cadystin synthesis in the fission yeast. Under these induction conditions, the membrane permeability of the fission yeast significantly increased suggesting the structural alteration of the membrane. In these induction, the synthesized cadystins formed complexes with the cellular zinc ions together with or without glutathione.
Collapse
|
152
|
Go MJ, Hotta Y. An antigen present in the Drosophila central nervous system only during embryonic and metamorphic stages. JOURNAL OF NEUROBIOLOGY 1992; 23:890-904. [PMID: 1431850 DOI: 10.1002/neu.480230710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
We report here about an antigen that is expressed in the central nervous system (CNS) of Drosophila only during the embryonic and metamorphic stages. In Drosophila, axonogenesis and synaptogenesis occur twice during the development: first in the embryonic and second in the metamorphic stages. We generated monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) in order to obtain molecular probes for analyzing axonogenesis or synaptogenesis in the CNS on the assumption that good candidates for molecules responsible for such phenomena must be present in the neuropil during those stages exclusively. As a result, we found MAb 66B2 whose intense immunoreactivity in the neuropil of the CNS was observed exclusively in the embryo and pupa, and not in the larva and adult. Immunoblot analyses showed that MAb 66B2 binds specifically to a protein with an apparent molecular weight of 350 K and neutral pI in the prepupal CNS. A significant amount of the antigen was isolated in forms that were soluble without detergent. Results of immunohistochemistry with MAb 66B2 in a primary culture of embryos showed that some live cells in the ganglion-like cluster were stained, and that neuronal cell bodies and neurites emanating from there were negative. These results strongly suggest that the 66B2 antigen observed in the CNS is an extracellular matrix component secreted from nonneuronal cells. These developmental changes in the 66B2 immunoreactivity in the CNS presumably reflect dynamic changes of an extracellular matrix in the CNS that are accompanied by axonogenesis or synaptogenesis.
Collapse
|
153
|
Sakuma H, Hotta Y, Hayakawa M, Nakajima A, Fujiki K, Kanai A, Shiono T, Noro M, Sakuma T, Tamai M. Mutations of rhodopsin gene found in Japanese families with autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa (ADRP). Exp Eye Res 1992. [DOI: 10.1016/0014-4835(92)91111-a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
154
|
Go MJ, Yoshihara M, Hotta Y. Monoclonal antibodies which stain small subsets of neurons in the Drosophila central nervous system. BRAIN RESEARCH. DEVELOPMENTAL BRAIN RESEARCH 1992; 68:282-5. [PMID: 1382892 DOI: 10.1016/0165-3806(92)90072-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) specific to small subsets of neurons in the central nervous system (CNS) of Drosophila melanogaster were described. MAbs 43A8, 45C6 and 65C11, which were obtained in fusion experiments using the third instar larval or prepupal CNS as an immunogen, stained a small number of neurons in the postembryonic CNS. Functional implications of the observed immunoreactivities during neural development in the Drosophila CNS are discussed.
Collapse
|
155
|
Hotta Y, Ando H, Eto R, Takeya K, Haruna M, Ito K, Sakakibara J. [23Na-NMR measurements of the sodium concentration in guinea pig erythrocytes: the effects of cardiac glycoside and asebotoxin III]. Nihon Yakurigaku Zasshi 1992; 100:143-50. [PMID: 1330855 DOI: 10.1254/fpj.100.143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Intra- and extracellular sodium in guinea pig erythrocytes was evaluated with sodium-23 nuclear magnetic resonance (23Na-NMR) by the use of a shift reagent, Dy(TTHA)3- or Dy(PPPi)2(7-). The test medium contained erythrocytes at 40% hematocrit level and NMR buffer (145 mM NaCl, 10 mM Dy(TTHA)3-, 10% D2O, adjusted to pH 7.4 with tris, at 35 degrees C). NMR spectra were obtained with a JEOL GSX 400 spectrometer operating at the Fourier transform mode of resonance signals, and the accumulated signals provoked by radio-frequency pulses of 90 degrees were recorded on paper. Quantitative Na determination was performed by measuring the area under the peak of intracellular sodium (Nai) NMR signals. Ouabain (Oua: 0.3 mM) and asebotoxin-III (ATX-III: 0.3 mM) produced an increase in Nai-NMR signals to a level of 188.1% and 138.1% of the control, respectively. Combined use of Oua (0.15 mM) and ATX-III (0.15 mM) produced an elevation of Nai concentration to a high level of 219.0% of the control in a superadditive manner. Mechanisms of the Nai elevation with Oua and ATX-III can be interpreted by assuming two different actions: ATX-III increases net Na(+)-influx via Na+ channels, while Oua inhibits the pumping out of Na+ from the cell.
Collapse
|
156
|
Inoue H, Yoshioka T, Hotta Y. Partial purification and characterization of membrane-associated diacylglycerol kinase of Drosophila heads. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1992; 1122:219-24. [PMID: 1322704 DOI: 10.1016/0167-4838(92)90327-a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
A membrane-associated diacylglycerol kinase of Drosophila heads was purified to near homogeneity from the KCl extract of Drosophila heads. The purification procedure involved chromatography on Q-Sepharose, ammonium sulfate fractionation, Superose 12, hydroxyapatite and ATP-agarose. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of fractions after the ATP-agarose column chromatography showed that only a 115 kDa protein correlated well with the enzyme activity. The apparent Km values of partially purified DG kinase were 220 microM for ATP and 540 microM for diolein, respectively. The activity of the DG kinase was inhibited by deoxycholate and was not activated by Ca2+.
Collapse
|
157
|
Masai I, Hosoya T, Kojima S, Hotta Y. Molecular cloning of a Drosophila diacylglycerol kinase gene that is expressed in the nervous system and muscle. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1992; 89:6030-4. [PMID: 1321433 PMCID: PMC402132 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.89.13.6030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
We have isolated a Drosophila melanogaster diacylglycerol kinase (DGK, EC 2.7.1.107) homologue by using a porcine DGK cDNA probe and we have characterized its structure and expression. The DGK cDNA has a single open reading frame that encodes 791 amino acids. The Drosophila and porcine DGKs share a similar carboxyl-terminal region, a putative catalytic domain, which is divided into two separate domains in Drosophila. The DGK gene was mapped to the cytogenetic position 43F1, and its DGK mRNA is abundant both in embryo and in adult fly. By in situ hybridization to sections of adult flies, we demonstrated that the mRNA is present predominantly in the nervous system and muscles, including compound eyes, brain cortex, fibrillar muscle, and tubular muscle. In a 10- to 11-hr embryo, the DGK gene is expressed abundantly in a limited number of cells in the procephalic region and in the ventral nerve cord. The pattern of temporal and spatial expression suggests that the DGK protein has an important function in the adult nervous system and muscle and during the development of the embryonic nervous system.
Collapse
|
158
|
Akaki Y, Hotta Y, Mashima Y, Murakami A, Kennaway NG, Weleber RG, Inana G. A deletion in the ornithine aminotransferase gene in gyrate atrophy. J Biol Chem 1992; 267:12950-4. [PMID: 1618792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Gyrate atrophy (GA) is an autosomal recessive chorioretinal degenerative disease of the eye caused by an inborn defect of the nuclear encoded mitochondrial enzyme ornithine aminotransferase (OAT). We have described previously a GA patient with a 5.0-kilobase pair truncated EcoRI OAT gene fragment and the absence of OAT mRNA on Northern blot analysis. Cloning and sequencing analysis of the truncated gene fragment revealed a 1,072-base pair (bp) deletion including the entire exon 6, starting in intron 5, 172 bp upstream of exon 6 and ending in intron 6, 772 bp downstream of exon 6. A short direct repeat sequence (AGGAGC), resembling the sequence shown to cause DNA polymerase alpha to pause, and sequences capable of forming hairpin loops were both present at the 5' and 3' break-points of the deletion. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction amplification of the patient's RNA with OAT primers yielded DNA fragments of two different sizes, consistent with a low level expression of OAT mRNA. Direct sequencing of the smaller fragment demonstrated the complete absence of exon 6 sequence in the mRNA predicted from the deletion, causing a reading frame shift which results in a premature termination codon at position 192. The mutation in the other allele has been demonstrated by polymerase chain reaction, denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis, and direct sequencing also to be a premature termination codon in exon 6. The absence of detectable OAT mRNA in this patient is consistent with these premature termination mutations because they have been shown to decrease the level of mRNA, especially if present early in the coding sequence.
Collapse
|
159
|
Fujiki K, Hotta Y, Hayakawa M, Sakuma H, Shiono T, Noro M, Sakuma T, Tamai M, Hikiji K, Kawaguchi R. Point mutations of rhodopsin gene found in Japanese families with autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa (ADRP). THE JAPANESE JOURNAL OF HUMAN GENETICS 1992; 37:125-32. [PMID: 1391967 DOI: 10.1007/bf01899733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The mutations of codon 17, 23, 58, and 347 of rhodopsin gene were investigated in 24 unrelated Japanese families including 33 patients with autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa (ADRP). A patient with codon 17 mutation (Thr-17-Met, ACG-->ATG) and a family including 4 patients with codon 347 mutation (Pro-347-Leu, CCG-->CTG) were detected among them. Their clinical findings were extremely different between the two mutations. The former showed type 2 and the latter showed type 1 ADRP. No mutation of codon 23 and 58 was detected in any families so far analyzed in the present study. Clinical findings associated with the mutation in codon 17 and 347 of the rhodopsin gene show an existence of allelic heterogeneity.
Collapse
|
160
|
Akaki Y, Hotta Y, Mashima Y, Murakami A, Kennaway N, Weleber R, Inana G. A deletion in the ornithine aminotransferase gene in gyrate atrophy. J Biol Chem 1992. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)42366-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
|
161
|
Tabata S, Hotta Y. [Gene expression during reproductive cell formation]. TANPAKUSHITSU KAKUSAN KOSO. PROTEIN, NUCLEIC ACID, ENZYME 1992; 37:1307-11. [PMID: 1603975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
|
162
|
Takasu-Ishikawa E, Yoshihara M, Hotta Y. Extra sequences found at P element excision sites in Drosophila melanogaster. MOLECULAR & GENERAL GENETICS : MGG 1992; 232:17-23. [PMID: 1313147 DOI: 10.1007/bf00299132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
We have previously established a transgenic Drosophila line with a highly transposable P element insertion. Using this strain we analyzed transposition and excision of the P element at the molecular level. We examined sequences flanking the new insertion sites and those of the remnants after excision. Our results on mobilization of the P element demonstrate that target-site duplication at the original insertion site does not play a role in forward excision and transposition. After P element excision an 8 bp target-site duplication and part of the 31 bp terminal inverted repeat (5-18 bp) remained in all the strains examined. Moreover, in 11 out of 28 strains, extra sequences were found between the two remaining inverted repeats. The double-strand gap repair model does not explain the origin of these extra sequences. The mechanism creating them may be similar to the hairpin model proposed for the transposon Tam in Antirrhinum majus.
Collapse
|
163
|
Tanase T, Murakami N, Nagai S, Ueda T, Sakakibara J, Ando H, Hotta Y, Takeya K. Studies on cardiac ingredients of plants. IX. Chemical transformation of proscillaridin by utilizing its 1,4-cycloadducts as key compounds and biological activities of their derivatives. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 1992; 40:327-32. [PMID: 1318790 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.40.327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Three aromatic compounds (2-4) possessing a carbomethoxyl group or a dimethoxyphthaloyl group, prepared by the Diels-Alder reaction of the cardiac glycoside, proscillaridin (1), with dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate and methyl propiolate, were transformed into alcohols, carboxylic acids and amides. The biological activities of the resulting derivatives were evaluated by the use of Na+, K(+)-adenosine triphosphatase (Na+,K(+)-ATPase) from dog kidney and isolated guinea-pig papillary muscle. Although the biological activities of the resulting derivatives were less potent than that of 1, a para-substituted benzylalcohol (5), methylbenzamides (9a and 10a), and ethylbenzamides (9b and 10b) inhibited the activity of Na+,K(+)-ATPase almost as potently as naturally occurring cardiac glycosides such as digoxin and digitoxin.
Collapse
|
164
|
Ito K, Hotta Y. Proliferation pattern of postembryonic neuroblasts in the brain of Drosophila melanogaster. Dev Biol 1992; 149:134-48. [PMID: 1728583 DOI: 10.1016/0012-1606(92)90270-q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 398] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The spatio-temporal proliferation pattern of postembryonic neuroblasts in the central brain region of the supra-esophageal ganglion of Drosophila melanogaster was studied by labeling DNA replicating cells with 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU). There are five proliferating neuroblasts per hemisphere in larvae just after hatching: one in the ventro-lateral, and the other four in the postero-dorsal region of the brain. Dividing neuroblasts increase during the late first-late second instar larval stages, reaching a plateau of about 85 neuroblasts per hemisphere. Most neuroblasts cease dividing 20-30 hr after puparium formation (APF), while only four in the postero-dorsal region continue making progenies until 85-90 hr APF. The four distinct neuroblasts proliferating in the early larval and late pupal stages are identical; they lie in the cortex above the calyces of the mushroom bodies (corpora pedunculata), proliferating over a period twice as long as that for the other neuroblasts. Their daughter neurons project into the mushroom body neuropile, and hence are likely to be the Kenyon cells. The cell-cycle period of the four neuroblasts (named mushroom body neuroblasts: MBNbs) is rather constant (1.1-1.5 hr) during the mid larval-early pupal stages and is longer before and after that. The total number of the MBNb progenies made throughout the embryonic and postembryonic development was estimated to be 800-1200 per hemisphere.
Collapse
|
165
|
Hino O, Tabata S, Hotta Y. Evidence for increased in vitro recombination with insertion of human hepatitis B virus DNA. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1991; 88:9248-52. [PMID: 1656466 PMCID: PMC52691 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.88.20.9248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Chromosomal translocation, deletion, and inversion/duplication directly linked to hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA integration occur frequently in host DNA of human hepatocellular carcinomas. To test the possible recombinogenic effect of HBV DNA, we have utilized an in vitro recombination assay. Fragments containing the region spanning DR1, which is believed to be the origin of viral replication and a preferred site in the viral genome for integration, increased the recombination events reproducibly in the presence of extracts from actively dividing cells (e.g., hepatocellular carcinoma) but not resting cells (e.g., normal liver). Moreover, in these extracts we have found a protein(s) that specifically binds to these HBV DNA fragments. These results support the notion that in some instances integrated HBV DNAs cause further genomic instability, possibly involving specific cellular protein(s). The fact that extracts from nondividing, normal liver did not increase recombination events suggests that genomic instability depends upon active cellular growth, a feature more commonly found subsequent to HBV-induced hepatocellular injury than in healthy liver. Our results offer an explanation for the high incidence of liver cancer that accompanies chronic hepatitis and add HBV to the list of agents that can cause genetic recombination.
Collapse
|
166
|
Yoshihara M, Takasu-Ishikawa E, Hotta Y. Independence of excision frequency and transposition frequency of P element in Drosophila melanogaster. IDENGAKU ZASSHI 1991; 66:535-50. [PMID: 1663777 DOI: 10.1266/jjg.66.535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Although a family of transposon, P elements, are used as tools for molecular genetics in Drosophila melanogaster, the molecular details and mechanism of their mobilization process have not been studied extensively. In particular, the relationship between excision and transposition is little understood. We have previously produced a transgenic fly with a P element insertion that is nonautonomous (stable without transposase) and is highly-transposable in the presence of transposase. Using this insertion, we traced its mobilizations following introduction of a stable transposase source. We found a strain that has a 26-bp tandem repeat at the end of the original P element insertion. The 26-bp repeat reduced the frequency of excision although the frequency of transposition was not altered. Our results indicate independence of transposition from excision and importance of terminal repeat in excision.
Collapse
|
167
|
Murakami N, Sato Y, Tanase T, Nagai S, Ueda T, Sakakibara J, Ando H, Hotta Y, Takeya K, Asano M. [Studies on cardiac ingredients of plants. VIII. Preparation of nitrates of proscillaridin and their pharmacological activities]. YAKUGAKU ZASSHI 1991; 111:436-44. [PMID: 1665512 DOI: 10.1248/yakushi1947.111.8_436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
To reduce the vascular contracting effect of the cardiac glycoside, proscillaridin (1), all kinds of its nitrates were prepared by utilizing effectively an isopropylidene function as a protective group. The pharmacological activities of proscillaridin nitrates were evaluated by the use of isolated guinea-pig papillary muscle preparations and Na+,K(+)-adenosine triphosphatase preparations from the dog kidney. Furthermore, the effect for smooth muscle using the helical strips isolated from 13-week old spontaneously hypertensive rat was examined. The positive inotropic effects and Na+, K(+)-adenosine triphosphatase inhibition activities of mononitrates (6, 9, 15) and dinitrates (3, 4, 5) were a little less potent than 1, but those of trinitrate (2) were much reduced. Every nitrate did not exhibited a vascular contracting effect but a relaxing effect. Among them, the vascular relaxing effects of 2',3'-dinitrate (3) and 2',4'-dinitrate (4) were more potent than those of the other nitrates.
Collapse
|
168
|
Murakami N, Tanase T, Nagai S, Sato Y, Ueda T, Sakakibara J, Ando H, Hotta Y, Takeya K. Studies on cardiac ingredients of plants. VII: Chemical transformation of proscillaridin by means of the Diels-Alder reaction and biological activities of its derivatives. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 1991; 39:1962-6. [PMID: 1839142 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.39.1962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The Diels-Alder reactions of a cardiac glycoside, proscillaridin (1), with some dienophiles were investigated. The reaction of 1 with alkenes such as methyl vinyl ketone and methyl acrylate afforded 3-oxo-2-oxabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-7-enes (2-5) and para-substituted benzene derivatives (6 and 7), while 1 reacted with alkynes (3-butyn-2-one, methyl propiolate) to yield para- or meta-substituted benzene derivatives (6-9). The biological activities of the resulting derivatives were evaluated by the use of isolated guinea-pig papillary muscle preparations and Na+,K(+)-adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) preparation from dog kidney. Among the proscillaridin derivatives, compounds 4 and 7 moderately inhibited Na+,K(+)-ATPase activity. Furthermore, the concentration range of 7 over which its positive inotropic effect on guinea-pig papillary muscle preparations, increased from 5% to 95% of maximum was broader than that of 1, i.e., concentration dependency was maintained over a greater range of concentration.
Collapse
|
169
|
Ara F, Hotta Y, Hayakawa M, Yanashima K, Kanai A, Fujiki K. [A trial of molecular diagnosis in Leber's optic neuropathy]. NIPPON GANKA GAKKAI ZASSHI 1991; 95:715-20. [PMID: 1950826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The high frequency of mitochondrial DNA mutation at the nucleotide position (nt) 11,778 was reported in cases of Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) after the first report by Wallace et al.. We already reported that it provided a simple diagnostic test by means of PCR (polymerase chain determined the diagnosis of LHON in a case. No nt 11,778 mutation was found in patients with the other optic nerve diseases and in normal controls. This shows the usefulness of molecular diagnosis in LHON. Problems of genetic counselling for patients and female carriers and the possibilities to clarify the cause of LHON were discussed.
Collapse
|
170
|
Fujiki K, Hotta Y, Hayakawa M, Saito K, Ara F, Ueda S, Goto T, Ishida M, Yanashima K, Shiono T. A mutation of mitochondrial DNA in Japanese families with Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy. JINRUI IDENGAKU ZASSHI. THE JAPANESE JOURNAL OF HUMAN GENETICS 1991; 36:143-7. [PMID: 1681125 DOI: 10.1007/bf01876576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) is a maternally inherited disease characterized by optic nerve degeneration associated with severe bilateral visual loss in young men and occasionally in women. A mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) replacement mutation in LHON patient, G to A transition at nucleotide position (nt) 11778 converting the 340th arginine to histidine in the NADH dehydrogenase subunit 4, was detected as SfaNI site polymorphism (Wallace et al., Science, 242: 1427-1430, 1988). To evaluate if the SfaNI site loss can be used to diagnose LHON patients, mtDNAs from peripheral blood of six affected males including five probands from five unrelated Japanese families with LHON, a pair of parents and a normal sister of one of the probands and 4 control persons were analyzed using PCR amplification method. The mutation of leukocyte mtDNA at nt 11778 was identified in all of the affected patients, the normal mother and the sister examined, while the father who is normal and 4 control persons did not show the change. These findings support that the mutation at nt 11778 is also associated with LHON in the Japanese and the test of the SfaNI site loss described here is useful for confirming the clinical diagnosis of LHON patients with the mutation at nt 11778.
Collapse
|
171
|
Masai I, Hotta Y. Genomic organization of a Drosophila phospholipase C, norpA, and molecular lesions in two temperature-sensitive mutants. J Biochem 1991; 109:867-71. [PMID: 1939007 DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.jbchem.a123472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The Drosophila mutant no receptor potential A (norpA) is the phototransduction-defective mutant which lacks phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C (PI-PLC) activity. Recently, norpA cDNA was isolated and its homology to a bovine PI-PLC was demonstrated [Bloomquist, B.T. et al. (1988) Cell 54, 723-733]. On the basis of its cDNA, we determined the genomic organization of the norpA gene and revealed that the norpA gene consists of 13 coding exons spreading over a 15 kb genomic area. Furthermore, we identified the mutational sites of two temperature-sensitive (ts) mutants. The analysis of norpAH52 revealed that the single amino acid change from Ser-551 to Tyr causes the PI-PLC activity to become temperature-sensitive. The other allele, norpAKO50, has two substitutions from Ser-406 to Phe and from Gly-451 to Ser. These three mutations are located in regions highly conserved in other mammalian PI-PLC molecules. This suggests that these regions are important for PI-PLC catalytic activity.
Collapse
|
172
|
Sakai Y, Okamoto H, Mogami K, Matsuo H, Hotta Y. Heat shock gene activation by mutant actin is independent of myofibril degeneration in Drosophila muscle. J Biochem 1991; 109:670-3. [PMID: 1917888 DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.jbchem.a123438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Artificially mutagenized Drosophila Act88F actin genes with triple and double mutations were expressed in the indirect flight muscles of transgenic flies. The triple mutant actin, GD245T (Gly-36----Glu, Glu-83----Asp, and Gly-245----Asp), induced heat shock protein (hsp) synthesis without affecting flight ability. On the other hand, the double mutation, GD245D (Gly-36----Glu and Glu-83----Asp), disrupted myofibrils but induced little hsp synthesis. These results demonstrate that myofibril degeneration is not the primary cause of the anomalous heat shock gene activation by mutant actins.
Collapse
|
173
|
Miyazaki T, Hotta Y, Kitamura M, Suzuki E, Miyaji T, Saito M, Takahashi H, Furuya R, Kawawa T. [An approach to the dental CAD/CAM using the electric discharge machining (4). Fabrication of male and female of the telescope denture by the NC wire type electric discharge machining]. SHOWA SHIGAKKAI ZASSHI = THE JOURNAL OF SHOWA UNIVERSITY DENTAL SOCIETY 1991; 11:84-8. [PMID: 1962018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
|
174
|
Miyazaki T, Hotta Y, Suzuki E, Miyaji T, Takahashi H, Furuya R, Kawawa T. [An approach to the dental CAD/CAM using the electric discharge machining (1). Measurement of coronal figure, computer graphics and CAD procedure]. SHOWA SHIGAKKAI ZASSHI = THE JOURNAL OF SHOWA UNIVERSITY DENTAL SOCIETY 1991; 11:65-9. [PMID: 1962015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
|
175
|
Miyazaki T, Hotta Y, Kitamura M, Suzuki E, Miyaji T, Ishida K, Takahashi H, Furuya R, Kawawa T. [An approach to the dental CAD/CAM using the electric discharge machining (3). An approach to the fabrication of electrode for the RAM type electric discharge machining using the NC milling technique]. SHOWA SHIGAKKAI ZASSHI = THE JOURNAL OF SHOWA UNIVERSITY DENTAL SOCIETY 1991; 11:78-83. [PMID: 1962017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
|