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Xia J, Muyan-Özçelik P, Owens J, Palta J, Samant S. SU-GG-J-185: Towards in Vivo Dose Validation Using Real-Time Physiologically Constrained Deformable Image Registration. Med Phys 2008. [DOI: 10.1118/1.2961734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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177
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Xia J, Ye S, Chen Y, Fan J. Feasibility and efficacy of dose-reduced transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) for primary liver cancer patients with portal vein thrombosis. J Clin Oncol 2008. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2008.26.15_suppl.15676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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LI J, XU W, Xia J, Zhang S, Fan L. MPL W515L mutation in patients with myeloproliferative diseases. J Clin Oncol 2008. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2008.26.15_suppl.18019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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179
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Wang X, Saro J, Wei Z, Shi MM, Xia J, Jones G, Bruckmann K, Wisniewski L, Schran HF. Modelling TKI258 exposure and biomarker response in support of phase I dosing schedule finding. J Clin Oncol 2008. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2008.26.15_suppl.14691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Cao J, Tan M, Yang P, Li W, Xia J, Du H, Tang W, Wang H, Chen X, Xiao H. Effects of adjuvant chemotherapy on bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells of colorectal cancer patients. Cancer Lett 2008; 263:197-203. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2008.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2007] [Revised: 12/25/2007] [Accepted: 01/02/2008] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Xia J, Altucci C, Amoruso S, Bruzzese R, Velotta R, Wang X. Generation of high energy, 30 fs pulses at 527 nm by hollow-fiber compression technique. OPTICS EXPRESS 2008; 16:3527-3536. [PMID: 18542445 DOI: 10.1364/oe.16.003527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The compression of 300-fs-long, chirp-free laser pulses at 527 nm down to 30 fs is reported. The laser pulses, originated from a frequency-doubled, mode-locked Nd:glass laser, were compressed by a 0.7-m-long, 150-microm-bore-diameter, argon-filled hollow fiber, and a pair of SF10 prisms with a final energy of 160 microJ. These are the shortest, high energy pulses ever produced by direct pulse compression at the central wavelength of 527 nm. The spectral broadening of the pulses propagating inside the hollow fiber was experimentally examined for various filling-gas pressures and input pulse energies. The spectral width of the pulses was broadened up to 25 nm, and 27 nm for argon- and krypton-filled hollow fiber, respectively, at a gas pressure lower than 2 bar. The physical limitations of the hollow-fiber pulse compression technique applied in the visible range are also studied.
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Xia J, Sun SG, Guo YH. Honeybees enhance reproduction without affecting the outcrossing rate in endemic Pedicularis densispica (Orobanchaceae). PLANT BIOLOGY (STUTTGART, GERMANY) 2007; 9:713-9. [PMID: 17891702 DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-965259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
There has been substantial debate in recent years surrounding the impact of introduced honeybees on native biota. This study reports on an investigation of Pedicularis densispica, a subalpine annual herb endemic to Southwest China, in an attempt to determine the impact of introduced domestic honeybees on pollen dispersal and thus on their reproductive success and mating system. Honeybees were introduced into the study site in 2004, and a sudden seasonal pollinator shift from bumblebees to honeybees was observed. Intra- and inter-plant visits by different pollinators were recorded in the field in 2003 and 2004. Fruit and seed sets prior to and after the pollinator shift were measured. Experimental pollinations were performed to characterize the breeding system. Outcrossing rates at the seed stage were estimated for both years using RAPD markers. Our results indicated that honeybees foraged between plants more frequently than bumblebees did. Our results also revealed that the introduction of honeybees significantly enhanced reproductive success. However, no significant difference was detected between the outcrossing rates due to bumblebee and honeybee pollination. P. densispica was almost completely outcrossing ( T(m) = 0.956 and 0.967, respectively in 2003 and 2004) but partially self-compatible. This study presents the first report of the outcrossing rate in the genus pedicularis and reveals a limited influence of pollination on the mating system in P. densispica. The pollinator shift did not reduce reproductive success of the plants and honeybees may be used to augment pollinator services for nectariferous P. densispica.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Some authors have suggested that loxapine is more effective than typical antipsychotics in reducing the negative symptoms of schizophrenia, that extrapyramidal adverse effects are not usually seen at clinically effective antipsychotic doses and that it should therefore be classed as atypical. OBJECTIVES To determine the effects of loxapine compared with placebo, typical and other atypical antipsychotic drugs for schizophrenia and related psychoses. SEARCH STRATEGY For this 2007 update, we searched the Cochrane Schizophrenia Group's Register (January 2007). SELECTION CRITERIA We included all randomised controlled clinical trials relevant to the care of schizophrenia that compared loxapine to other treatments. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS We independently inspected abstracts ordered papers, re-inspected and quality assessed these. For dichotomous data we calculated relative risks (RR) and their 95% confidence intervals (CI) on an intention-to-treat basis based on a fixed effects model. We calculated numbers needed to treat/harm (NNT/NNH) where appropriate. For continuous data, we calculated weighted mean differences (WMD) again based on a fixed effects model. MAIN RESULTS We were able to include 41 studies in this review. Compared with placebo, loxapine has an antipsychotic effect (Global effect - not improved at six weeks: n=78, 2 RCTs, RR 0.30 CI 0.1 to 0.6 NNT 3 CI 3 to 5). It is as effective as typical drugs in the short term (4 -12 weeks) (Global effect: n=580, 13 RCTs, RR 0.86 CI 0.7 to 1.1; mental state: n=915, 6 RCTs, RR 0.89 CI 0.8 to 1.1). Very limited heterogeneous data suggest that, given intramuscularly (IM), loxapine may be at least as sedating as IM haloperidol and thiothixene. Loxapine is also as effective as atypicals (risperidone, quetiapine) (n=468, 6 RCTs, RR mental state not improved 1.07 CI 0.8 to 1.5). Adverse effect profile is similar to typicals but loxapine may cause more extrapyramidal adverse effects when compared with atypicals (n=340, 4 RCTs, RR 2.18 CI 1.6 to 3.1). AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS Loxapine is an antipsychotic which is not clearly distinct from typical or atypical drugs in terms of its effects on global or mental state. Loxapines profile of adverse effects is similar to that of the older generation of antipsychotic drugs.
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MacDonald MRW, Veniamin SM, Guo X, Xia J, Moon DA, Magor KE. Genomics of antiviral defenses in the duck, a natural host of influenza and hepatitis B viruses. Cytogenet Genome Res 2007; 117:195-206. [PMID: 17675860 DOI: 10.1159/000103180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2007] [Accepted: 03/21/2007] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
We review our progress using genomics approaches to examine key antiviral defenses of the White Pekin mallard duck, Anas platyrhynchos. Our interest stems from the fact that ducks are the natural host of avian influenza, and are an important animal model for hepatitis B research. First, we have conducted an expressed sequence tag (EST) project and identified more than 200 immune relevant genes in the duck. Our analysis of these genes allows us to evaluate the homology between ducks and their closest genetic model organism, the chicken. We have also constructed genomic and cDNA libraries from the same individual duck, allowing us to directly compare expressed sequences with those present in the genome. These resources allow us to determine the organization and expression of regions of the genome important in antiviral defenses. Here we examine the organization of the immunoglobulin heavy chain locus, the Major Histocompatibility Complex class I region, the lectin immunoreceptors and Toll-like receptor 7. We discuss our research-in-progress in the context of the immune defense against viruses, particularly influenza.
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Chakrabarti A, Adams CE, Rathbone J, Wright J, Xia J, Wong W, Von Reibnitz P, Koenig C, Baier S, Pfeiffer C, Blatter J, Mantz M, Kloeckner K. Schizophrenia trials in China: a survey. Acta Psychiatr Scand 2007; 116:6-9. [PMID: 17559595 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0447.2007.01027.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE China's biomedical research activity is increasing and this literature is becoming more accessible online. Our aim was to survey all randomized control schizophrenia trials (RCTs) in one Chinese bibliographic database. METHOD Chinese Academic Journals was electronically searched for RCTs and all relevant citations were also sought on PubMed to ascertain global accessibility. RESULTS The search identified 3275 records, of which 982 were RCTs relevant to schizophrenia. A total of 71% (699) could be found by using English phrases. All the main body of text of the 982 papers was in Mandarin. On average, these trials involved about 100 people, with interventions and outcome measures familiar to schizophrenia trialists worldwide. Four of the 982 records (<1%) were identified on PubMed. CONCLUSION Those undertaking systematic reviews should search the Chinese literature for relevant material. Failing to do this will leave the results of systematic reviews prone to random error or bias, or both.
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186
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Xia J, Samant S. MO-D-L100J-07: Improved Deformable Image Registration Using Hybrid Models: An Application to Solitary Pulmonary Nodule. Med Phys 2007. [DOI: 10.1118/1.2761217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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187
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Samant S, Xia J, Huang M, Chung H, Liu C, Palta J. SU-DD-A4-02: Autosegmentation and Internal Target Volume (ITV) Generation in 4DCT Lung Imaging Using Deformable Image Registration. Med Phys 2007. [DOI: 10.1118/1.2760327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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188
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Samant S, Huang M, Xia J, Frouhar V, Palta J. SU-FF-I-56: A Treatment Planning System (TPS) Independent Software for 4DCT Image Analysis. Med Phys 2007. [DOI: 10.1118/1.2760433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Abstract
BACKGROUND The severe and long-lasting symptoms of schizophrenia are often the cause of severe disability. Environmental stress such as life events and the practical problems people face in their daily can worsen the symptoms of schizophrenia. Deficits in problem solving skills in people with schizophrenia affect their independent and interpersonal functioning and impair their quality of life. As a result, therapies such as problem solving therapy have been developed to improve problem solving skills for people with schizophrenia. OBJECTIVES To review the effectiveness of problem solving therapy compared with other comparable therapies or routine care for those with schizophrenia. SEARCH STRATEGY We searched the Cochrane Schizophrenia Group's Register (September 2006), which is based on regular searches of BIOSIS, CENTRAL, CINAHL, EMBASE, MEDLINE and PsycINFO. We inspected references of all identified studies for further trials. SELECTION CRITERIA We included all clinical randomised trials comparing problem solving therapy with other comparable therapies or routine care. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS We extracted data independently. For homogenous dichotomous data we calculated random effects, relative risk (RR), 95% confidence intervals (CI) and, where appropriate, numbers needed to treat (NNT) on an intention-to-treat basis. For continuous data, we calculated weighted mean differences (WMD) using a random effects statistical model. MAIN RESULTS We included only three small trials (n=52) that evaluated problem solving versus routine care, coping skills training or non-specific interaction. Inadequate reporting of data rendered many outcomes unusable. We were unable to undertake meta-analysis. Overall results were limited and inconclusive with no significant differences between treatment groups for hospital admission, mental state, behaviour, social skills or leaving the study early. No data were presented for global state, quality of life or satisfaction. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS We found insufficient evidence to confirm or refute the benefits of problem solving therapy as an additional treatment for those with schizophrenia. The small number of participants, the quality of reporting of methods and results were of concern. More trials with adequate reporting of methods to minimize bias, adequately powered, with validated, reliable and clinically meaningful outcomes are needed to provide robust evidence to guide policy and practice.
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Liu X, Liu M, Xue Z, Pan Q, Wu L, Long Z, Xia K, Liang D, Xia J. Non-viral ex vivo transduction of human hepatocyte cells to express factor VIII using a human ribosomal DNA-targeting vector. J Thromb Haemost 2007; 5:347-51. [PMID: 17155951 DOI: 10.1111/j.1538-7836.2007.02355.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In gene therapy, one of the most important issues is the choice of the vectors. pHrneo is a human-derived vector previously constructed by our group, which can target a foreign gene into a human ribosomal DNA (hrDNA) locus. METHODS AND RESULTS In this study, we inserted an expression cassette of reconstructive hFVIII (hFVIII-BDDAK39) to pHrneo to construct a targeting vector: pHrneo-BDDAK39. Through electroporation of pHrneo-BDDAK39 into HL7702 cells (human hepatocyte), we identified the homologous recombinants using polymerase chain reaction, and tested the expression of hFVIII-BDDAK39 located at the hrDNA locus. The hFVIII-BDDAK39 was successfully targeted into the hrDNA locus of HL7702 by pHrneo-BDDAK39, and the efficiency of site-specific integration was 1.1 x 10(-5). The hFVIII-BDDAK39 at the hrDNA locus of HL7702 was found to be able to express efficiently (4.3 +/- 0.9 ng 10(-6) cells 24 h(-1)). CONCLUSION It has been indicated that the targeting vector pHrneo-BDDAK39 can be used in gene therapy for hemophilia A.
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Xia J, Li C. Problem solving skills for schizophrenia. THE COCHRANE DATABASE OF SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd006365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Zhan L, Ji JH, Xia J, Luo SY, Xia YX. 160-line multiwavelength generation of linear-cavity self-seeded Brillouin-Erbium fiber laser. OPTICS EXPRESS 2006; 14:10233-10238. [PMID: 19529419 DOI: 10.1364/oe.14.010233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
We have demonstrated a novel multiwavelength Brillouin-erbium fiber laser (BEFL), in which the Brillouin pump is self-excited within the linear cavity, instead of the injection from the external cavity or direct generation in the intracavity. By using this simple scheme, the generation of more than 160 Brillouin Stokes lines has been experimentally demonstrated, which is the largest one achieved in BEFLs to the best of our knowledge. Also, the single longitudinal mode operation and the low noise performance of output wavelength line have been confirmed. Meanwhile, the experiment demonstrates that the BEFL performs good stability on both the operating wavelengths and the output power of each wavelength.
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Gong J, Chen X, Guo Q, Zhou D, Palmer PH, Zhang D, Liu C, Xia J, Johnson CA. Are private school students more likely to smoke than public school students in China? Prev Med 2006; 43:117-21. [PMID: 16675006 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2006.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2005] [Revised: 03/04/2006] [Accepted: 03/06/2006] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tobacco use is prevalent among adolescents in China in general, however, little is known about tobacco use among students in private schools with an enrollment of 1.5 million. METHOD In 2001, cross-sectional survey data from 2725 students in grades seven and eight (1307 sampled from private schools and 1418 sampled from public schools) were included. Smoking measures (risk of susceptibility to smoking, smoking onset, ever smoking, smoking in the past 7 days and past 30 days, established smoking) were compared between private and public school students using chi-square test, logistic regression, and survival analysis. RESULTS Cigarette smoking was more prevalent among private school students than among public school students (private vs. public: 21.9% vs. 12.3% for susceptibility to smoking, 53.9% vs. 38.2% for ever smoking, 22% vs. 12.0% for 30-day smoking, 15.9% vs. 4.0% for 7-day smoking, 4.5% vs. 1.2% for established smoking). Students in private schools are 3.4 to 3.8 times more likely to smoke than students in public schools after the adjustment of important covariates (gender, grade, peer smoking, parental smoking, and parents' occupation). Risk of smoking onset by age was also greater for private school students than for public school students. CONCLUSIONS Being in private schools was associated with three to four times increases in the likelihood of current cigarette smoking and heightened risk of smoking onset by age. Findings from this study suggest the urgent need to collect additional data on risk and protective factors as well as the willingness to participate in effective tobacco use intervention prevention among private school students.
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Xia J, Samant S. SU-FF-J-09: A Novel Non-Rigid Image Registration Algorithm for Radiation Therapy Using P-Element Based Biomechanical Model (PBM). Med Phys 2006. [DOI: 10.1118/1.2240788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Fujii K, Maeda K, Hikida T, Mustafa AK, Balkissoon R, Xia J, Yamada T, Ozeki Y, Kawahara R, Okawa M, Huganir RL, Ujike H, Snyder SH, Sawa A. Serine racemase binds to PICK1: potential relevance to schizophrenia. Mol Psychiatry 2006; 11:150-7. [PMID: 16314870 DOI: 10.1038/sj.mp.4001776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence from both genetic and clinico-pharmacological studies suggests that D-serine, an endogenous coagonist to the NMDA subtype glutamate receptor, may be implicated in schizophrenia (SZ). Although an association of genes for D-serine degradation, such as D-amino acid oxidase and G72, has been reported, a role for D-serine in SZ has been unclear. In this study, we identify and characterize protein interacting with C-kinase (PICK1) as a protein interactor of the D-serine synthesizing enzyme, serine racemase (SR). The binding of endogenous PICK1 and SR requires the PDZ domain of PICK1. The gene coding for PICK1 is located at chromosome 22q13, a region frequently linked to SZ. In a case-control association study using well-characterized Japanese subjects, we observe an association of the PICK1 gene with SZ, which is more prominent in disorganized SZ. Our findings implicating PICK1 as a susceptibility gene for SZ are consistent with a role for D-serine in the disease.
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Wallington TJ, Hurley MD, Xia J, Wuebbles DJ, Sillman S, Ito A, Penner JE, Ellis DA, Martin J, Mabury SA, Nielsen OJ, Sulbaek Andersen MP. Formation of C7F15COOH (PFOA) and other perfluorocarboxylic acids during the atmospheric oxidation of 8:2 fluorotelomer alcohol. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2006; 40:924-30. [PMID: 16509338 DOI: 10.1021/es051858x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Calculations using a three-dimensional global atmospheric chemistry model (IMPACT) indicate that n-C8F17CH2CH2OH (widely used in industrial and consumer products) degrades in the atmosphere to give perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and other perfluorocarboxylic acids (PFCAs). PFOA is persistent, bioaccumulative, and potentially toxic. Molar yields of PFOA depend on location and season, are in the range of 1-10%, and are of the correct order of magnitude to explain the observed levels in Arctic fauna. Fluorotelomer alcohols such as n-C8F17CH2CH2OH appear to be a significant global source of persistent bioaccumulative perfluorocarboxylic acid pollution. This is the first modeling study of the atmospheric chemistry of a fluorotelomer alcohol.
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Andersen SB, Weatherhead EC, Stevermer A, Austin J, Brühl C, Fleming EL, de Grandpré J, Grewe V, Isaksen I, Pitari G, Portmann RW, Rognerud B, Rosenfield JE, Smyshlyaev S, Nagashima T, Velders GJM, Weisenstein DK, Xia J. Comparison of recent modeled and observed trends in total column ozone. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1029/2005jd006091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Acupuncture has been shown to be a relatively safe health care intervention with few adverse effects. In contrast ,antipsychotic drugs can have seriously disabling adverse effects. However, the benefits of acupuncture in the treatment of schizophrenia are unclear, and further evidence is needed to inform clinicians and people with schizophrenia of its efficacy in the treatment of schizophrenia. OBJECTIVES To evaluate acupuncture for people with schizophrenia and related psychoses. SEARCH STRATEGY We (JR, JX) undertook electronic searches of the Cochrane Schizophrenia Group's register (April 2005). We inspected reference lists and contacted the first author of each included study. SELECTION CRITERIA We included all relevant randomised controlled trials involving people with schizophrenia-like illnesses, allocated to acupuncture, electro-acupuncture, laser-acupuncture, placebo, no treatment, or antipsychotic drugs produced by pharmaceutical companies were included. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS We independently extracted the data. For homogeneous dichotomous data, the fixed effects relative risk (RR), the 95% confidence intervals (CI) and, where appropriate, the number needed to treat (NNT) were calculated on an intention-to-treat basis. For continuous data, we calculated weighted mean differences with 95% CI. MAIN RESULTS We included five trials. Two trials comparing acupuncture to antipsychotics were equivocal for global state and leaving the study early. Extrapyramidal adverse events were significantly lower in the acupuncture group (n=21, RR 0.05 CI 0.0 to 0.8, NNT 2 CI 2 to 8). Four out of the five trials also compared acupuncture combined with antipsychotics to antipsychotics alone. Global state outcomes and leaving the study early were equivocal. BPRS endpoint data (short term) favoured the combined acupuncture and antipsychotic group (n=109, RR -4.31 CI -7.0 to -1.6), although dichotomised BPRS data 'not improved' confounded this outcome with equivocal data. Depression scores HAMD (n=42, WMD -10.41 CI -12.8 to -8.0), HAMD 'not improved' (n=42, RR 0.17 CI 0.1 to 0.5, NNT 2 CI 2 to 3) and ZDS (n=42, WMD -24.25 CI -28.0 to -20.5) significantly favoured the combined acupuncture/antipsychotic treatment group, although results were from single, small studies. Treatment emergent adverse events scores were significantly lower in the acupuncture/antipsychotic group (n=40, WMD -0.50 CI -0.9 to -0.1), again from a single, small study. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS We found insufficient evidence to recommend the use of acupuncture for people with schizophrenia. The numbers of participants and the blinding of acupuncture were both inadequate, and more comprehensive and better designed studies are needed to determine the effects of acupuncture for schizophrenia.
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Cheng BC, Xia J, Shao K, Mao ZF, Huang J, Wang TS. Surgical treatment for upper or middle esophageal carcinoma occurring after gastrectomy: a study of 52 cases. Dis Esophagus 2005; 18:239-45. [PMID: 16128780 DOI: 10.1111/j.1442-2050.2005.00500.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Fifty-two patients presenting with upper or middle esophageal carcinoma after gastrectomy between 1980 and 2003 were analyzed retrospectively. Among them, there were five cases of total gastrectomy, six cases of proximal partial gastrectomy and 41 cases of distal subtotal gastrectomy. The interval between gastrectomy and the diagnosis of esophageal carcinoma ranged from 2 to 22 years. Surgical procedures included resection of the esophageal lesion with esophageal replacement using non-reversed or reversed gastric tubes (2 and 3 cases respectively), and short or long segment colon (5 and 40 cases respectively); two cases underwent a palliative procedure (jejunostomy). Complications included cervical anastomotic leaks (3 cases), pulmonary infection (3 cases), atelectasis (2 cases) and cordis arrhythmia (5 cases), all of which responded to treatment. In our group, resection of the esophageal lesions and reconstruction of the esophagus was performed in 45 cases (86.5%), exclusion and bypass procedure of esophageal carcinoma and following radiotherapy and chemotherapy in four (7.7%), eternal jejunostomy for intestinal nutrition in two (3.9%) and death occurred in one case (1.9%) due to multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS). Esophageal resection combined with lymph node dissection is indicated for the treatment of upper or middle esophageal carcinoma following gastrectomy. While esophageal substitutes can include non-reversed or reversed gastric tubes as well as short or long segment colon interpositions, we usually recommend the use of colon interposition. The 1-, 3- and 5-year survival rate of cases with resection of the esophageal lesions and reconstruction of the esophagus was 84.6%, 57.7% and 26.7% respectively.
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Zhao S, Xie L, Hu H, Xia J, Zhang W, Ye N, Chen B. A study of neonatal swimming (water therapy) applied in clinical obstetrics. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2005; 17:59-62. [PMID: 15804789 DOI: 10.1080/14767050400028782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the significance of some clinical parameters related to neonatal 'swimming' (water therapy) during hospitalization. METHODS Normal newborns were randomly divided into two groups to observe their birth weight, weight before discharge,time of first defecation and meconium turning yellow. Group one was the swimming (study) group, comprising a total of 223 newborns including 127 babies delivered after spontaneous vaginal delivery and 96 babies after Cesarean section. Group two was the bathing (control) group, comprising 154 newborns including 109 babies delivered after spontaneous vaginal delivery and 45 babies after Cesarean section. RESULTS There was no significant difference in birth weight between the two groups (p > 0.05). However, the mean weight before discharge of the babies in the study group was 3.29 + 0.35 and 3.51 + 0.40 kg, spontaneous vaginal delivery vs. Cesarean section, compared with 3.09 + 0.38 and 3.17 + 0.48 kg, respectively, in the control group (p < 0.01). The corresponding mean times of meconium turning yellow were 39.15 + 15.88 and 39.02 + 13.60 h in the study group compared with 48.01 + 19.42 and 55.67 + 25.05 h in the control group. This difference was significant (p < 0.01), as was the difference between the time of first defecation (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Neonatal swimming can accelerate babies' growth in the early stage.
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