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Wang S, Xu L, Wang D, Zhao S, Li K, Ma F, Yao Q, Zhang Y, Wu Z, Shao Y, Song S, Yan W. YTHDF1 promotes the osteolytic bone metastasis of breast cancer via inducing EZH2 and CDH11 translation. Cancer Lett 2024; 597:217047. [PMID: 38871245 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2024.217047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Bone metastasis is common in breast cancer and more effective therapies are required, however, its molecular mechanism is poorly understood. Additionally, the role of the m6A reader YTHDF1 in bone metastasis of breast cancer has not been reported. Here, we reveal that the increased expression of YTHDF1 is clinically correlated with breast cancer bone metastases. YTHDF1 promotes migration, invasion, and osteoblast adhesion and induces osteoclast differentiation of cancer cells in vitro and vivo. Mechanically, RNA-seq, MeRIP-seq and RIP-seq analysis, and molecular biology experiments demonstrate that YTHDF1 translationally enhances EZH2 and CDH11 expression by reading m6A-enriched sites of their transcripts. Moreover, adeno-associated virus (AAV) was used to deliver shYTHDF1 (shYTHDF1-AAV) in intratibial injection models, eliciting a significant suppressive effect on breast cancer bone metastatic formation and osteolytic destruction. Overall, we uncovered that YTHDF1 promotes osteolytic bone metastases of breast cancer by inducing EZH2 and CDH11 translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuoer Wang
- Department of Musculoskeletal Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China; Department of Nuclear Medicine, Cancer Institute, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lun Xu
- Department of Musculoskeletal Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dongliang Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Cancer Institute, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Songjiao Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Kun Li
- Department of Musculoskeletal Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fen Ma
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China; Institute of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Qianlan Yao
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yunkui Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiqiang Wu
- Department of Musculoskeletal Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Shao
- Cancer Institute, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Shaoli Song
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Cancer Institute, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Wangjun Yan
- Department of Musculoskeletal Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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O’Brien G, Kamuda M, Cruz-Garcia L, Polozova M, Tichy A, Markova M, Sirak I, Zahradnicek O, Widłak P, Ponge L, Polanska J, Badie C. Transcriptional Inflammatory Signature in Healthy Donors and Different Radiotherapy Cancer Patients. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1080. [PMID: 38256152 PMCID: PMC10816540 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25021080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer and ionizing radiation exposure are associated with inflammation. To identify a set of radiation-specific signatures of inflammation-associated genes in the blood of partially exposed radiotherapy patients, differential expression of 249 inflammatory genes was analyzed in blood samples from cancer patients and healthy individuals. The gene expression analysis on a cohort of 63 cancer patients (endometrial, head and neck, and prostate cancer) before and during radiotherapy (24 h, 48 h, ~1 week, ~4-8 weeks, and 1 month after the last fraction) identified 31 genes and 15 up- and 16 down-regulated genes. Transcription variability under normal conditions was determined using blood drawn on three separate occasions from four healthy donors. No difference in inflammatory expression between healthy donors and cancer patients could be detected prior to radiotherapy. Remarkably, repeated sampling of healthy donors revealed an individual endogenous inflammatory signature. Next, the potential confounding effect of concomitant inflammation was studied in the blood of seven healthy donors taken before and 24 h after a flu vaccine or ex vivo LPS (lipopolysaccharide) treatment; flu vaccination was not detected at the transcriptional level and LPS did not have any effect on the radiation-induced signature identified. Finally, we identified a radiation-specific signature of 31 genes in the blood of radiotherapy patients that were common for all cancers, regardless of the immune status of patients. Confirmation via MQRT-PCR was obtained for BCL6, MYD88, MYC, IL7, CCR4 and CCR7. This study offers the foundation for future research on biomarkers of radiation exposure, radiation sensitivity, and radiation toxicity for personalized radiotherapy treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gráinne O’Brien
- Cancer Mechanisms and Biomarkers Group, Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards, UK Health Security Agency, Oxfordshire OX11 0RQ, UK; (G.O.); (L.C.-G.); (M.P.)
| | - Malgorzata Kamuda
- Department of Data Mining, Silesian University of Technology, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland (J.P.)
| | - Lourdes Cruz-Garcia
- Cancer Mechanisms and Biomarkers Group, Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards, UK Health Security Agency, Oxfordshire OX11 0RQ, UK; (G.O.); (L.C.-G.); (M.P.)
| | - Mariia Polozova
- Cancer Mechanisms and Biomarkers Group, Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards, UK Health Security Agency, Oxfordshire OX11 0RQ, UK; (G.O.); (L.C.-G.); (M.P.)
| | - Ales Tichy
- Department of Radiobiology, Faculty of Military Health Sciences in Hradec Králové, University of Defence, 662 10 Brno, Czech Republic
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Králové, 500 05 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Marketa Markova
- Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, 128 00 Praha, Czech Republic;
| | - Igor Sirak
- Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy and 4th Department of Internal Medicine—Hematology, University Hospital, 500 05 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic;
| | - Oldrich Zahradnicek
- Department of Radiation Dosimetry, Nuclear Physics Institute, Czech Academy of Sciences, 180 00 Prague, Czech Republic;
| | - Piotr Widłak
- Clinical Research Support Centre, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, M. Skłodowskiej-Curie 3a Street, 80-210 Gdańsk, Poland;
| | - Lucyna Ponge
- Maria Skłodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 44-102 Gliwice, Poland;
| | - Joanna Polanska
- Department of Data Mining, Silesian University of Technology, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland (J.P.)
| | - Christophe Badie
- Cancer Mechanisms and Biomarkers Group, Centre for Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards, UK Health Security Agency, Oxfordshire OX11 0RQ, UK; (G.O.); (L.C.-G.); (M.P.)
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3
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Cheng D, Wang J, Wang Y, Xue Y, Yang Q, Yang Q, Zhao H, Huang J, Peng X. Chemokines: Function and therapeutic potential in bone metastasis of lung cancer. Cytokine 2023; 172:156403. [PMID: 37871366 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2023.156403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Lung cancer is a rapidly progressing disease with a poor prognosis. Bone metastasis is commonly found in 40.6% of advanced-stage patients. The mortality rate of lung cancer patients with bone metastasis can be significantly decreased by implementing novel diagnostic techniques, improved staging and classification systems, precise surgical interventions, and advanced treatment modalities. However, it is important to note that there is currently a lack of radical procedures available for these patients due to the development of drug resistance. Consequently, palliative care approaches are commonly employed in clinical practice. Therefore, new understandings of the process of bone metastasis of lung cancer are critical for developing better treatment strategies to improve patient's clinical cure rate and quality of life. Chemokines are cell-secreted small signaling proteins in cancer occurrence, proliferation, invasion, and metastasis. In this study, we review the development of bone metastasis in lung cancer and discuss the mechanisms of specific chemokine families (CC, CXC, CX3C, and XC) in regulating the biological activities of tumors and promoting bone metastasis. We also highlight some preclinical studies and clinical trials on chemokines for lung cancer and bone metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dezhou Cheng
- Department of Medical Imaging, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Jiancheng Wang
- Department of Radiology, The Second People's Hospital of Jingzhou, China
| | - Yiling Wang
- Department of Medical Imaging, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Yanfang Xue
- Department of Medical Imaging, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Qing Yang
- Department of Medical Imaging, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Qun Yang
- Department of Medical Imaging, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Huichuan Zhao
- Department of Pathology of the First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Jinbai Huang
- Department of Medical Imaging, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China; Department of Medical Imaging, the First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University, and School of Medicine of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China.
| | - Xiaochun Peng
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China.
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Martin SD, Bhuiyan I, Soleimani M, Wang G. Biomarkers for Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Renal Cell Carcinoma. J Clin Med 2023; 12:4987. [PMID: 37568390 PMCID: PMC10419620 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12154987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy has revolutionized renal cell carcinoma treatment. Patients previously thought to be palliative now occasionally achieve complete cures from ICI. However, since immunotherapies stimulate the immune system to induce anti-tumor immunity, they often lead to adverse autoimmunity. Furthermore, some patients receive no benefit from ICI, thereby unnecessarily risking adverse events. In many tumor types, PD-L1 expression levels, immune infiltration, and tumor mutation burden predict the response to ICI and help inform clinical decision making to better target ICI to patients most likely to experience benefits. Unfortunately, renal cell carcinoma is an outlier, as these biomarkers fail to discriminate between positive and negative responses to ICI therapy. Emerging biomarkers such as gene expression profiles and the loss of pro-angiogenic proteins VHL and PBRM-1 show promise for identifying renal cell carcinoma cases likely to respond to ICI. This review provides an overview of the mechanistic underpinnings of different biomarkers and describes the theoretical rationale for their use. We discuss the effectiveness of each biomarker in renal cell carcinoma and other cancer types, and we introduce novel biomarkers that have demonstrated some promise in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Spencer D. Martin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada;
| | - Ishmam Bhuiyan
- Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada;
| | - Maryam Soleimani
- Division of Medical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada;
- British Columbia Cancer Vancouver Centre, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4E6, Canada
| | - Gang Wang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada;
- British Columbia Cancer Vancouver Centre, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4E6, Canada
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5
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Li J, Li X, Huang H, Tao L, Zhang C, Xie Y, Jiang Y. Role of SERCA3 in the Prognosis and Immune Function in Pan-Cancer. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2022; 2022:9359879. [PMID: 36385955 PMCID: PMC9652089 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9359879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
The sarcoendoplasmic reticulum calcium adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) 3 (SERCA3), a member of the SERCA protein family, is located at the endoplasmic reticulum. Its main function is to pump Ca2+ into the endoplasmic reticulum and is involved in maintaining intracellular calcium homeostasis and signal transduction, which are very important factors impacting cancer development and progression. However, the specific role of SERCA3 in cancer remains unclear. Our study, for the first time, comprehensively analyzed the SERCA3 expression profile in multiple cancers and its prognostic value in different cancers using bioinformatics. Furthermore, TCGA database was applied to evaluate the certain correlation of SERCA3 expression with immune modulator genes, immune checkpoints, immune cell infiltration, TMB, and MSI. The results revealed that in many cancers, SERCA3 expression was markedly decreased, which was related to poor prognosis. Additionally, we noticed that SERCA3 expression was correlated with TNM classification and WHO cancer stages in some cancer types. The Pearson correlation analysis showed that SERCA3 expression was closely associated with chemokines, chemokine receptors, MHC, immune activation genes, and immunosuppressive genes. In most cancer types, SERCA3 expression was also associated with immune checkpoints, including PDCD1 and CTLA-4. Further analysis suggested that SERCA3 was significantly correlated with CD8+ T cells, and regulatory T cells. Additionally, pan-cancer analysis confirmed that SERCA3 expression was related to TMB and MSI. In conclusion, these results offer a new insight into the functions and effects of SERCA3 in pan-cancer, and further provide some basis for considering SERCA3 as a potential cancer treatment target and biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajia Li
- Department of Oncology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Xionghui Li
- Department of Critical Medicine, Hunan Provincial Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Hong Huang
- Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541000, China
| | - Lijian Tao
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Chenzi Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Yanyun Xie
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Yupeng Jiang
- Department of Oncology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
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6
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Maurya SK, Khan P, Rehman AU, Kanchan RK, Perumal N, Mahapatra S, Chand HS, Santamaria-Barria JA, Batra SK, Nasser MW. Rethinking the chemokine cascade in brain metastasis: Preventive and therapeutic implications. Semin Cancer Biol 2022; 86:914-930. [PMID: 34968667 PMCID: PMC9234104 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2021.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Brain metastasis (BrM) is one of the major causes of death in cancer patients and is associated with an estimated 10-40 % of total cancer cases. The survival rate of brain metastatic patients has not improved due to intratumor heterogeneity, the survival adaptations of brain homing metastatic cells, and the lack of understanding of underlying molecular mechanisms that limit the availability of effective therapies. The heterogeneous population of immune cells and tumor-initiating cells or cancer stem cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME) release various factors, such as chemokines that upon binding to their cognate receptors enhance tumor growth at primary sites and help tumor cells metastasize to the brain. Furthermore, brain metastatic sites have unique heterogeneous microenvironment that fuels cancer cells in establishing BrM. This review explores the crosstalk of chemokines with the heterogeneous TME during the progression of BrM and recognizes potential therapeutic approaches. We also discuss and summarize different targeted, immunotherapeutic, chemotherapeutic, and combinatorial strategies (with chemo-/immune- or targeted-therapies) to attenuate chemokines mediated BrM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shailendra Kumar Maurya
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68108, USA
| | - Parvez Khan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68108, USA
| | - Asad Ur Rehman
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68108, USA
| | - Ranjana K Kanchan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68108, USA
| | - Naveenkumar Perumal
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68108, USA
| | - Sidharth Mahapatra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68108, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68108, USA; Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68108, USA
| | - Hitendra S Chand
- Department of Immunology and Nanomedicine, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL, 33199, USA
| | | | - Surinder K Batra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68108, USA; Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68108, USA; Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68108, USA
| | - Mohd Wasim Nasser
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68108, USA; Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68108, USA.
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7
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Sharma G, Pothuraju R, Kanchan RK, Batra SK, Siddiqui JA. Chemokines network in bone metastasis: Vital regulators of seeding and soiling. Semin Cancer Biol 2022; 86:457-472. [PMID: 35124194 PMCID: PMC9744380 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2022.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Chemokines are well equipped with chemo-attractive signals that can regulate cancer cell trafficking to specific organ sites. Currently, updated concepts have revealed the diverse role of chemokines in the biology of cancer initiation and progression. Genomic instabilities and alterations drive tumor heterogeneity, providing more options for the selection and metastatic progression to cancer cells. Tumor heterogeneity and acquired drug resistance are the main obstacles in managing cancer therapy and the primary root cause of metastasis. Studies emphasize that multiple chemokine/receptor axis are involved in cancer cell-mediated organ-specific distant metastasis. One of the persuasive mechanisms for heterogeneity and subsequent events is sturdily interlinked with the crosstalk between chemokines and their receptors on cancer cells and tissue-specific microenvironment. Among different metastatic niches, skeletal metastasis is frequently observed in the late stages of prostate, breast, and lung cancer and significantly reduces the survival of cancer patients. Therefore, it is crucial to elucidate the role of chemokines and their receptors in metastasis and bone remodeling. Here, we review the potential chemokine/receptor axis in tumorigenesis, tumor heterogeneity, metastasis, and vicious cycle in bone microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gunjan Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Ramesh Pothuraju
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Ranjana Kumari Kanchan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Surinder Kumar Batra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA; Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA; Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Jawed Akhtar Siddiqui
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA; Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA.
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8
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DiNatale A, Castelli MS, Nash B, Meucci O, Fatatis A. Regulation of Tumor and Metastasis Initiation by Chemokine Receptors. J Cancer 2022; 13:3160-3176. [PMID: 36118530 PMCID: PMC9475358 DOI: 10.7150/jca.72331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor-initiating cells (TICs) are a rare sub-population of cells within the bulk of a tumor that are major contributors to tumor initiation, metastasis, and chemoresistance. TICs have a stem-cell-like phenotype that is dictated by the expression of master regulator transcription factors, including OCT4, NANOG, and SOX2. These transcription factors are expressed via activation of multiple signaling pathways that drive cancer initiation and progression. Importantly, these same signaling pathways can be activated by select chemokine receptors. Chemokine receptors are increasingly being revealed as major drivers of the TIC phenotype, as their signaling can lead to activation of stemness-controlling transcription factors. Additionally, the cell surface expression of chemokine receptors provides a unique therapeutic target to disrupt signaling pathways that control the expression of master regulator transcription factors and the TIC phenotype. This review summarizes the master regulator transcription factors known to dictate the TIC phenotype, along with the complex signaling pathways that can mediate their expression and the chemokine receptors that are most upstream of this phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony DiNatale
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19102, USA.,Present Address: Janssen Oncology, Spring House, PA, USA
| | - Maria Sofia Castelli
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19102, USA.,Present address: Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Bradley Nash
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19102, USA
| | - Olimpia Meucci
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19102, USA.,Program in Immune Cell Regulation & Targeting, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center of Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Alessandro Fatatis
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19102, USA.,Program in Translational and Cellular Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center of Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
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9
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Xing XL, Liu Y, Liu J, Zhou H, Zhang H, Zuo Q, Bu P, Duan T, Zhou Y, Xiao Z. Comprehensive Analysis of Ferroptosis- and Immune-Related Signatures to Improve the Prognosis and Diagnosis of Kidney Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma. Front Immunol 2022; 13:851312. [PMID: 35619698 PMCID: PMC9128788 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.851312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Almost 40% of patients with kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC) with advanced cancers eventually develop to metastases, and their 5-year survival rates are approximately 10%. Aberrant DNA methylations are significantly associated with the development of KIRC. The aim of our present study was to identify suitable ferroptosis- and immune-related (FI) biomarkers correlated with aberrant methylations to improve the prognosis and diagnosis of KIRC. Methods ChAMP and DESeq2 in R (3.6.2) were used to screen the differentially expressed methylation probes and differentially expressed genes, respectively. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression were used to identify the overall survival (OS)-related biomarkers. Results We finally identified five FI biomarkers (CCR4, CMTM3, IFITM1, MX2, and NR3C2) that were independently correlated with the OS of KIRC. The area under the curve value of the receiver operating characteristic value of prognosis model was 0.74, 0.68, and 0.72 in the training, validation, and entire cohorts, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of the diagnosis model were 0.8698 and 0.9722, respectively. In addition, the prognosis model was also significantly correlated with several immune cells and factors. Conclusion Our present study suggested that these five FI-DEGs (CCR4, CMTM3, IFITM1, MX2, and NR3C2) could be used as prognosis and diagnosis biomarkers for patients with KIRC, but further cross-validation clinical studies are still needed to confirm them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Liang Xing
- Department of General Medicine, University of South China affiliated Changsha Central Hospital, Changsha, China
- School of Public Health and Laboratory Medicine, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of General Medicine, University of South China affiliated Changsha Central Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Jiheng Liu
- Department of Emergency, First Hospital of Changsha, Changsha, China
| | - Huanfa Zhou
- Department of General Medicine, University of South China affiliated Changsha Central Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Huirong Zhang
- Department of General Medicine, University of South China affiliated Changsha Central Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Qi Zuo
- Department of Emergency, First Hospital of Changsha, Changsha, China
| | - Ping Bu
- Department of General Medicine, University of South China affiliated Changsha Central Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Tong Duan
- Department of Emergency, First Hospital of Changsha, Changsha, China
| | - Yan Zhou
- Department of Emergency, First Hospital of Changsha, Changsha, China
| | - Zhiquan Xiao
- Department of General Medicine, University of South China affiliated Changsha Central Hospital, Changsha, China
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10
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Ling Z, Li W, Hu J, Li Y, Deng M, Zhang S, Ren X, Wu T, Xia J, Cheng B, Tao X. Targeting CCL2-CCR4 axis suppress cell migration of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:158. [PMID: 35177591 PMCID: PMC8854715 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-04610-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
For head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), the local invasion and distant metastasis represent the predominant causes of mortality. Targeted inhibition of chemokines and their receptors is an ongoing antitumor strategy established on the crucial roles of chemokines in cancer invasion and metastasis. Herein, we showed that C-C motif chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2)- C-C motif chemokine receptor 4 (CCR4) signaling, but not the CCL2- C-C motif chemokine receptor 2 (CCR2) axis, induces the formation of the vav guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2 (Vav2)- Rac family small GTPase 1 (Rac1) complex to activate the phosphorylation of myosin light chain (MLC), which is involved in the regulation of cell motility and cancer metastasis. We identified that targeting CCR4 could effectively interrupt the activation of HNSCC invasion and metastasis induced by CCL2 without the promoting cancer relapse observed during the subsequent withdrawal period. All current findings suggested that CCL2-CCR4-Vav2-Rac1-p-MLC signaling plays an essential role in cell migration and cancer metastasis of HNSCC, and CCR4 may serve as a new potential molecular target for HNSCC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihang Ling
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510055, P. R. China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510055, P. R. China
| | - Wei Li
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510055, P. R. China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510055, P. R. China
| | - Jiaqi Hu
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510055, P. R. China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510055, P. R. China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510055, P. R. China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510055, P. R. China
| | - Miao Deng
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510055, P. R. China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510055, P. R. China
| | - Siyuan Zhang
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510055, P. R. China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510055, P. R. China
| | - Xianyue Ren
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510055, P. R. China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510055, P. R. China
| | - Tong Wu
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510055, P. R. China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510055, P. R. China
| | - Juan Xia
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510055, P. R. China. .,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510055, P. R. China.
| | - Bin Cheng
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510055, P. R. China. .,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510055, P. R. China.
| | - Xiaoan Tao
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510055, P. R. China. .,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510055, P. R. China.
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11
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Motallebnejad P, Rajesh VV, Azarin SM. Evaluating the Role of IL-1β in Transmigration of Triple Negative Breast Cancer Cells Across the Brain Endothelium. Cell Mol Bioeng 2022; 15:99-114. [PMID: 35096187 PMCID: PMC8761198 DOI: 10.1007/s12195-021-00710-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In vivo, breast cancer cells spend on average 3-7 days adhered to the endothelial cells inside the vascular lumen before entering the brain. IL-1β is one of the highly upregulated molecules in brain-seeking triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells. In this study, the effect of IL-1β on the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and astrocytes and its role in transmigration of TNBC cells were evaluated. METHODS The effect of IL-1β on transendothelial electrical resistance, gene and protein expression of human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived brain-specific microvascular endothelial-like cells (iBMECs) was studied. Transport of IL-1β across the iBMEC layer was investigated and the effect of IL-1β treatment of astrocytes on their cytokine and chemokine secretome was evaluated with a cytokine membrane array. Using BBB-on-a-chip devices, transmigration of MDA-MB-231 cells and their brain-seeking variant (231BR) across the iBMECs was studied, and the effect of an IL-1β neutralizing antibody on TNBC cell transmigration was investigated. RESULTS We showed that IL-1β reduces BBB integrity and induces endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition in iBMECs. IL-1β crosses the iBMEC layer and induces secretion of multiple chemokines by astrocytes, which can enhance TNBC cell transmigration across the BBB. Transmigration assays in a BBB-on-a-chip device showed that 231BR cells have a higher rate of transmigration across the iBMECs compared to MDA-MB-231 cells, and IL-1β pretreatment of BBB-on-a-chip devices increases the number of transmigrated MDA-MB-231 cells. Finally, we demonstrated that neutralizing IL-1β reduces the rate of 231BR cell transmigration. CONCLUSION IL-1β plays a significant role in transmigration of brain-seeking TNBC cells across the BBB. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12195-021-00710-y.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedram Motallebnejad
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA
| | - Vinayak V. Rajesh
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA
| | - Samira M. Azarin
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA
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12
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Karin N. Chemokines in the Landscape of Cancer Immunotherapy: How They and Their Receptors Can Be Used to Turn Cold Tumors into Hot Ones? Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:6317. [PMID: 34944943 PMCID: PMC8699256 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13246317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the last decade, monoclonal antibodies to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI), also known as immune checkpoint blockers (ICB), have been the most successful approach for cancer therapy. Starting with mAb to cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4) inhibitors in metastatic melanoma and continuing with blockers of the interactions between program cell death 1 (PD-1) and its ligand program cell death ligand 1 (PDL-1) or program cell death ligand 2 (PDL-2), that have been approved for about 20 different indications. Yet for many cancers, ICI shows limited success. Several lines of evidence imply that the limited success in cancer immunotherapy is associated with attempts to treat patients with "cold tumors" that either lack effector T cells, or in which these cells are markedly suppressed by regulatory T cells (Tregs). Chemokines are a well-defined group of proteins that were so named due to their chemotactic properties. The current review focuses on key chemokines that not only attract leukocytes but also shape their biological properties. CXCR3 is a chemokine receptor with 3 ligands. We suggest using Ig-based fusion proteins of two of them: CXL9 and CXCL10, to enhance anti-tumor immunity and perhaps transform cold tumors into hot tumors. Potential differences between CXCL9 and CXCL10 regarding ICI are discussed. We also discuss the possibility of targeting the function or deleting a key subset of Tregs that are CCR8+ by monoclonal antibodies to CCR8. These cells are preferentially abundant in several tumors and are likely to be the key drivers in suppressing anti-cancer immune reactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan Karin
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Technion, P.O. Box 9697, Haifa 31096, Israel
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13
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Endotoxin Triggers Tumor Initiation Events in Nontumorigenic Breast Epithelial Cells and Enhances Invasion-Related Phenotype in Pretumorigenic and Tumorigenic Breast Epithelial Cells. Int J Inflam 2021; 2021:4666380. [PMID: 34868543 PMCID: PMC8642002 DOI: 10.1155/2021/4666380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is associated with the development of several cancers, including breast cancer. However, the molecular mechanisms driving breast cancer initiation or enhancement by inflammation are yet to be deciphered. Hence, we opted to investigate the role of inflammation in initiating and enhancing tumor-like phenotypes in nontumorigenic, pretumorigenic, and tumorigenic breast epithelial cells. Noncytotoxic endotoxin (ET) concentrations capable of inducing an inflammatory phenotype were determined for the different cell lines. Results showed that short-term ET exposure upregulated matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) activity in nontumorigenic mammary epithelial cells of mouse (SCp2) and human origins (HMT-3522 S1; S1) and upregulated inflammatory mediators including nitric oxide (NO) and interleukin 1-β in tumorigenic human breast cells (MDA-MB-231), all in a dose-dependent manner. Long-term ET treatment, but not short-term, triggered the migration of SCp2 cells, and proliferation and migration of tumorigenic human breast cells MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231. Both short- and long-term ET exposures preferentially enhanced the invasion of pretumorigenic S1-connexin 43 knockout (Cx43-KO S1) cells compared to their nontumorigenic S1 counterparts. Moreover, both ET exposures disrupted lumen formation and apicolateral distribution of β-catenin in 3D cultures of S1 cells. In conclusion, ET treatment at concentrations that elicited inflammatory phenotype triggered tumor initiation events in nontumorigenic and pretumorigenic breast cells, and increased tumorigenicity of breast cancer cells. Our findings highlight the role of inflammation in enhancing migration, invasion, and loss of normal 3D morphology and suggest that such inflammatory insults can "add injury" to pretumorigenic and tumorigenic breast epithelial cells.
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14
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Zhang Y, Chen K, Li L, Mao W, Shen D, Yao N, Zhang L. CCR4 is a prognostic biomarker and correlated with immune infiltrates in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2021; 9:1443. [PMID: 34733995 PMCID: PMC8506764 DOI: 10.21037/atm-21-3936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Background Increased evidence has indicated that the tumour microenvironment plays an essential in the development, treatment and prognosis of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSC). Recent studies have indicated CC chemokine receptor 4 (CCR4) plays an essential role in tumor invasion and other adverse biological behavior. This study used data from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database to explore the role of CCR4 in HNSC and its clinical significance. Methods The gene expression and clinical data of HNSC patients in the TCGA database were extracted. Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA) was used to analyze the expression of CCR4 in tumor and non-tumor tissue. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was used to analyze the relationship between CCR4 expression and overall survival rate (OS), disease-specific survival (DSS), and progression-free interval (PFI) in HNSC. A logistic regression model was used to analyze the relationships between various clinical factors and CCR4 expression. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) was used to explore the potential role of CCR4 in HNSC. Additionally, we explored the relationship between CCR4 and immune infiltration. Results The expression of CCR4 in HNSC was not significantly different from that in normal tissue. The expression level of CCR4 in wild-type TP53 was higher than that in mutant TP53. Cox regression analysis showed the expression level of CCR4 was related to the patient's tumor grade and Tumor-Node-Metastasis (TNM) stage. CCR4 expression level is an independent prognostic factor. CCR4 is positively correlated with immune infiltration and immune checkpoints expression levels. The results of GSEA revealed that the high CCR4 expression group genes were enriched in allograft rejection, inflammatory response, IL-6/JAK/STAT3 signaling, interferon gamma response, and KRAS signaling up. Low CCR4 expression group genes were enriched in oxidative phosphorylation, MYC targets v1, DNA repair, reactive oxygen species pathway, and P53 pathway. Further, our study indicated CCR4 can also predict the prognosis of radiotherapy patients. Conclusions Our study found that CCR4 was a prognostic marker related to HNSC immune infiltration, and patients with high expression of CCR4 had a better prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijian Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Kai Chen
- Department of Radiotherapy, First People's Hospital of Yancheng, Yancheng, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Oncology, Huaian Hospital, Huai'an, China
| | - Weidong Mao
- Department of Oncology, Jiangyin People's Hospital, Wuxi, China
| | - Dong Shen
- Department of Oncology, Jiangyin People's Hospital, Wuxi, China
| | - Ninghua Yao
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
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15
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Alluri SR, Higashi Y, Kil KE. PET Imaging Radiotracers of Chemokine Receptors. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26175174. [PMID: 34500609 PMCID: PMC8434599 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26175174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemokines and chemokine receptors have been recognized as critical signal components that maintain the physiological functions of various cells, particularly the immune cells. The signals of chemokines/chemokine receptors guide various leukocytes to respond to inflammatory reactions and infectious agents. Many chemokine receptors play supportive roles in the differentiation, proliferation, angiogenesis, and metastasis of diverse tumor cells. In addition, the signaling functions of a few chemokine receptors are associated with cardiac, pulmonary, and brain disorders. Over the years, numerous promising molecules ranging from small molecules to short peptides and antibodies have been developed to study the role of chemokine receptors in healthy states and diseased states. These drug-like candidates are in turn exploited as radiolabeled probes for the imaging of chemokine receptors using noninvasive in vivo imaging, such as positron emission tomography (PET). Recent advances in the development of radiotracers for various chemokine receptors, particularly of CXCR4, CCR2, and CCR5, shed new light on chemokine-related cancer and cardiovascular research and the subsequent drug development. Here, we present the recent progress in PET radiotracer development for imaging of various chemokine receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santosh R. Alluri
- University of Missouri Research Reactor, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA;
| | - Yusuke Higashi
- Department of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA;
| | - Kun-Eek Kil
- University of Missouri Research Reactor, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA;
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-(573)-884-7885
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16
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Dan VM, Raveendran RS, Baby S. Resistance to Intervention: Paclitaxel in Breast Cancer. Mini Rev Med Chem 2021; 21:1237-1268. [PMID: 33319669 DOI: 10.2174/1389557520999201214234421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer stands as the most prevalent cancer in women globally, and contributes to the highest percentage of mortality due to cancer-related deaths in women. Paclitaxel (PTX) is heavily relied on as a frontline chemotherapy drug in breast cancer treatment, especially in advanced metastatic cancer. Generation of resistance to PTX often derails clinical management and adversely affects patient outcomes. Understanding the molecular mechanism of PTX resistance is necessary to device methods to aid in overcoming the resistance. Recent studies exploring the mechanism of development of PTX resistance have led to unveiling of a range novel therapeutic targets. PTX resistance pathways that involve major regulatory proteins/RNAs like RNF8/Twist/ROR1, TLR, ErbB3/ErbB2, BRCA1- IRIS, MENA, LIN9, MiRNA, FoxM1 and IRAK1 have expanded the complexity of resistance mechanisms, and brought newer insights into the development of drug targets. These resistance-related targets can be dealt with synthetic/natural therapeutics in combination with PTX. The present review encompasses the recent understanding of PTX resistance mechanisms in breast cancer and possible therapeutic combinations to overcome resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vipin Mohan Dan
- Microbiology Division, Jawaharlal Nehru Tropical Botanic Garden and Research Institute, Pacha-Palode 695562, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - Reji Saradha Raveendran
- Microbiology Division, Jawaharlal Nehru Tropical Botanic Garden and Research Institute, Pacha-Palode 695562, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - Sabulal Baby
- Phytochemistry and Phytopharmacology Division, Jawaharlal Nehru Tropical Botanic Garden and Research Institute, Pacha-Palode 695562, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
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17
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Isolation and Establishment of a Highly Proliferative, Cancer Stem Cell-Like, and Naturally Immortalized Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cell Line, KAIMRC2. Cells 2021; 10:cells10061303. [PMID: 34073849 PMCID: PMC8225085 DOI: 10.3390/cells10061303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In vitro studies of a disease are key to any in vivo investigation in understanding the disease and developing new therapy regimens. Immortalized cancer cell lines are the best and easiest model for studying cancer in vitro. Here, we report the establishment of a naturally immortalized highly tumorigenic and triple-negative breast cancer cell line, KAIMRC2. This cell line is derived from a Saudi Arabian female breast cancer patient with invasive ductal carcinoma. Immunocytochemistry showed a significant ratio of the KAIMRC2 cells’ expressing key breast epithelial and cancer stem cells (CSCs) markers, including CD47, CD133, CD49f, CD44, and ALDH-1A1. Gene and protein expression analysis showed overexpression of ABC transporter and AKT-PI3Kinase as well as JAK/STAT signaling pathways. In contrast, the absence of the tumor suppressor genes p53 and p73 may explain their high proliferative index. The mice model also confirmed the tumorigenic potential of the KAIMRC2 cell line, and drug tolerance studies revealed few very potent candidates. Our results confirmed an aggressive phenotype with metastatic potential and cancer stem cell-like characteristics of the KAIMR2 cell line. Furthermore, we have also presented potent small molecule inhibitors, especially Ryuvidine, that can be further developed, alone or in synergy with other potent inhibitors, to target multiple cancer-related pathways.
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18
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Hyperthermia by near infrared radiation induced immune cells activation and infiltration in breast tumor. Sci Rep 2021; 11:10278. [PMID: 33986437 PMCID: PMC8119485 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-89740-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common cancer that causes death in women. Conventional therapies, including surgery and chemotherapy, have different therapeutic effects and are commonly associated with risks and side effects. Near infrared radiation is a technique with few side effects that is used for local hyperthermia, typically as an adjuvant to other cancer therapies. The understanding of the use of near NIR as a monotherapy, and its effects on the immune cells activation and infiltration, are limited. In this study, we investigate the effects of HT treatment using NIR on tumor regression and on the immune cells and molecules in breast tumors. Results from this study demonstrated that local HT by NIR at 43 °C reduced tumor progression and significantly increased the median survival of tumor-bearing mice. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed a significant reduction in cells proliferation in treated tumor, which was accompanied by an abundance of heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70). Increased numbers of activated dendritic cells were observed in the draining lymph nodes of the mice, along with infiltration of T cells, NK cells and B cells into the tumor. In contrast, tumor-infiltrated regulatory T cells were largely diminished from the tumor. In addition, higher IFN-γ and IL-2 secretion was observed in tumor of treated mice. Overall, results from this present study extends the understanding of using local HT by NIR to stimulate a favourable immune response against breast cancer.
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da Silva PHR, Borges BC, Uehara IA, Soldi LR, de Araújo RA, Silva MJB. Chemokines and the extracellular matrix: Set of targets for tumor development and treatment. Cytokine 2021; 144:155548. [PMID: 33972165 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2021.155548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) consists of various molecules that support tissue cells, including proteins, fibronectin, laminin, collagen IV, and glycosaminoglycans. In addition to interactions between the ECM and cells, the ECM also interacts with chemokines, and growth factors, and these interactions ensure cell survival, development, differentiation, and migration of both immune system cells and tumor cells. This review provides an overview of the mechanisms of interaction between the ECM and chemokines, focusing on the tumor microenvironment and the modulation of these elements as a target for therapies in several types of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo Henrique Rosa da Silva
- Laboratory of Tumor Biomarkers and Osteoimmunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - Bruna Cristina Borges
- Laboratory of Tumor Biomarkers and Osteoimmunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - Isadora Akemi Uehara
- Laboratory of Tumor Biomarkers and Osteoimmunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - Luiz Ricardo Soldi
- Laboratory of Tumor Biomarkers and Osteoimmunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - Rogério Agenor de Araújo
- Laboratory of Tumor Biomarkers and Osteoimmunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - Marcelo José Barbosa Silva
- Laboratory of Tumor Biomarkers and Osteoimmunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil.
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E2F2 stimulates CCR4 expression and activates synovial fibroblast-like cells in rheumatoid arthritis. Cent Eur J Immunol 2021; 46:27-37. [PMID: 33897281 PMCID: PMC8056345 DOI: 10.5114/ceji.2021.105243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim of the study E2F transcription factor 2 (E2F2) has increased expression in synovial tissues of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and stimulates interleukin (IL)-1 α and IL-β production in cultured RA synovial fibroblast-like cells (RASF), which supports the importance of E2F2 in RA pathogenesis. This study investigated the effect and mechanism of E2F2 in RA. Material and methods Cultured RASF were transfected with anti-E2F2 siRNA, and the expression profile was analyzed with an inflammatory response and autoimmunity PCR array loaded with 84-relative genes to explore the pathogenic pathway of E2F2. Apoptosis, migration and tube-like structure formation in the RASF with transfection of anti-E2F2 siRNA or E2F2-expressing plasmids were examined using flow cytometry, transwell assays and Matrigel assays, respectively. Results Significantly decreased expression of chemokine receptor 4 (CCR4) was detected in RASF with inhibited E2F2 expression, and the CCR4 expression was increased in RASF with transfection of E2F2-expressing plasmids. Silencing E2F2 expression stimulated apoptosis, but retarded migration and tube-like structure formation in RASF. The opposite observation was obtained in RASF with E2F2 overexpression. Conclusions High E2F2 expression decreases apoptosis and increases migration and tube-like structure ability in RASF and might perform this role by up-regulating CCR4 expression, which ultimately contributes to the disease progression of RA synovial tissues.
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21
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Expression of Estrogen Receptor- and Progesterone Receptor-Regulating MicroRNAs in Breast Cancer. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12040582. [PMID: 33923732 PMCID: PMC8073827 DOI: 10.3390/genes12040582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In ~70% of breast cancer (BC) cases, estrogen and progesterone receptors (ER and PR) are overexpressed, which can change during tumor progression. Expression changes of these receptors during cancer initiation and progression can be caused by alterations in microRNA (miR, miRNA) expression. To assess the association of BC progression with aberrant expression of miRNAs that target ER and PR mRNAs, we quantified miR-19b, -222, -22, -378a, and -181a in BC samples (n = 174) by real-time PCR. Underexpression of miR-222 and miR-378a in stage T2–T4 BC was characteristic for HER2-overexpressing tumors. In addition, the expression of miR-181a and miR-378a was higher in these tumors than in tumors with a HER2 IHC score of 0 or 1+. In tumors with a Ki-67 index ≥ 14%, all tested miRNAs were underexpressed in BC with a high Allred PR score (6–8). In ER-and-PR–negative tumors, miR-22, miR-222, miR-181a, and miR-378a underexpression was associated with Ki-67 index > 35% (median value). MiR-19b and miR-22 underexpression could be a marker of lymph node metastasis in ER- and/or PR-positive tumors with HER2 IHC score 0. Thus, the association of miR-19b, miR-22, miR-222, miR-378a, and miR-181a levels with BC characteristics is influenced by the status of tumor ER, PR, HER2, and Ki-67.
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Water-Pipe Smoking Exposure Deregulates a Set of Genes Associated with Human Head and Neck Cancer Development and Prognosis. TOXICS 2020; 8:toxics8030073. [PMID: 32961854 PMCID: PMC7560251 DOI: 10.3390/toxics8030073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Water-pipe smoking (WPS) is becoming the most popular form of tobacco use among the youth, especially in the Middle East, replacing cigarettes rapidly and becoming a major risk of tobacco addiction worldwide. Smoke from WPS contains similar toxins as those present in cigarette smoke and is linked directly with different types of cancers including lung and head and neck (HN) carcinomas. However, the underlying molecular pathways and/or target genes responsible for the carcinogenic process are still unknown. In this study, human normal oral epithelial (HNOE) cells, NanoString PanCancer Pathways panel of 770 gene transcripts and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) analysis were applied to discover differentially expressed genes (DEG) modulated by WPS. In silico analysis was performed to analyze the impact of these genes in HN cancer patient’s biology and outcome. We found that WPS can induce the epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT: hallmark of cancer progression) of HNOE cells. More significantly, our analysis of NanoString revealed 23 genes deregulated under the effect of WPS, responsible for the modulation of cell cycle, proliferation, migration/invasion, apoptosis, signal transduction, and inflammatory response. Further analysis was performed using qRT-PCR of HNOE WPS-exposed and unexposed cells supported the reliability of our NanoString data. Moreover, we demonstrate those DEG to be upregulated in cancer compared with normal tissue. Using the Kaplan–Meier analysis, we observed a significant association between WPS-deregulated genes and relapse-free survival/overall survival in HN cancer patients. Our findings imply that WPS can modulate EMT as well as a set of genes that are directly involved in human HN carcinogenesis, thereby affecting HN cancer patients’ survival.
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Bogacka J, Ciapała K, Pawlik K, Dobrogowski J, Przeklasa-Muszynska A, Mika J. Blockade of CCR4 Diminishes Hypersensitivity and Enhances Opioid Analgesia - Evidence from a Mouse Model of Diabetic Neuropathy. Neuroscience 2020; 441:77-92. [PMID: 32592824 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2020.06.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Revised: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Chemokine signaling has been implicated in the pathogenesis of diabetic neuropathy; however, the role of chemokine CC motif receptor 4 (CCR4) remains unknown. The goal was to examine the function of CCR4 in hypersensitivity development and opioid effectiveness in diabetic neuropathy. Streptozotocin (STZ; 200 mg/kg, intraperitoneally administered)-induced mouse model of diabetic neuropathy were used. An analysis of the mRNA/protein expression of CCR4 and its ligands was performed by qRT-PCR, microarray and/or Western blot methods. C021 (CCR4 antagonist), morphine and buprenorphine were injected intrathecally or intraperitoneally, and pain-related behavior was evaluated by the von Frey, cold plate and rotarod tests. We observed that on day 7 after STZ administration, the blood glucose level was increased, and as a consequence, hypersensitivity to tactile and thermal stimuli developed. In addition, we observed an increase in the mRNA level of CCL2 but not CCL17/CCL22. The microarray technique showed that the CCL2 protein level was also upregulated. In naive mice, the pronociceptive effect of intrathecally injected CCL2 was blocked by C021, suggesting that this chemokine acts through CCR4. Importantly, our results provide the first evidence that in a mouse model of diabetic neuropathy, single intrathecal and intraperitoneal injections of C021 diminished neuropathic pain-related behavior in a dose-dependent manner and improved motor functions. Moreover, both single intrathecal and intraperitoneal injections of C021 enhanced morphine and buprenorphine effectiveness. These results reveal that pharmacological modulation of CCR4 may be a good potential therapeutic target for the treatment of diabetic neuropathy and may enhance the effectiveness of opioids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Bogacka
- Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Department of Pain Pharmacology, 12 Smetna Street, 31-343 Krakow, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Ciapała
- Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Department of Pain Pharmacology, 12 Smetna Street, 31-343 Krakow, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Pawlik
- Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Department of Pain Pharmacology, 12 Smetna Street, 31-343 Krakow, Poland
| | - Jan Dobrogowski
- Department of Pain Research and Treatment, Chair of Anesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Anna Przeklasa-Muszynska
- Department of Pain Research and Treatment, Chair of Anesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Joanna Mika
- Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Department of Pain Pharmacology, 12 Smetna Street, 31-343 Krakow, Poland.
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Bogacka J, Popiolek-Barczyk K, Pawlik K, Ciechanowska A, Makuch W, Rojewska E, Dobrogowski J, Przeklasa-Muszynska A, Mika J. CCR4 antagonist (C021) influences the level of nociceptive factors and enhances the analgesic potency of morphine in a rat model of neuropathic pain. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 880:173166. [PMID: 32407723 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Neuropathic pain is a chronic condition which significantly reduces the quality of life and serious clinical issue that is in general resistant to available therapies. Therefore looking for new analgesics is still critical issue. Recent, studies have indicated that chemokine signaling pathways are crucial for the development of neuropathy; however, the role of CC chemokine receptor 4 (CCR4) in this process has not yet been studied. Therefore, the aim of our research was to investigate the influence of C021 (a CCR4 antagonist) and CCR4 CC chemokine ligands 17 and 22 (CCL17 and CCL22) on the development of hypersensitivity and the effectiveness of morphine induced analgesia in naive animals and/or animals exposed to chronic constriction injury (CCI) of the sciatic nerve. Firstly, we demonstrated that the intrathecal administration of CCL17 and CCL22 induced pain-related behavior in naive mice. Secondly, we revealed that the intrathecal injection of C021 significantly reduced CCI-induced hypersensitivity after nerve injury. In parallel, C021 reduced microglia/macrophages activation and the level of some pronociceptive interleukins (IL-1beta; IL-18) in the spinal cord 8 days after CCI. Moreover, C021 not only attenuated mechanical and thermal hypersensitivity but also enhanced the analgesic properties of morphine. Our research indicates that CCR4 ligands might be important factors in the early stages of neuropathy, when we observe intense microglia/macrophages activation. Moreover, pharmacological blockade of CCR4 may serve as a potential new target for better understanding the mechanisms of neuropathic pain development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Bogacka
- Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Department of Pain Pharmacology, 12 Smetna Street, 31-343, Krakow, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Popiolek-Barczyk
- Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Department of Pain Pharmacology, 12 Smetna Street, 31-343, Krakow, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Pawlik
- Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Department of Pain Pharmacology, 12 Smetna Street, 31-343, Krakow, Poland
| | - Agata Ciechanowska
- Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Department of Pain Pharmacology, 12 Smetna Street, 31-343, Krakow, Poland
| | - Wioletta Makuch
- Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Department of Pain Pharmacology, 12 Smetna Street, 31-343, Krakow, Poland
| | - Ewelina Rojewska
- Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Department of Pain Pharmacology, 12 Smetna Street, 31-343, Krakow, Poland
| | - Jan Dobrogowski
- Department of Pain Research and Treatment, Chair of Anesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Anna Przeklasa-Muszynska
- Department of Pain Research and Treatment, Chair of Anesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Joanna Mika
- Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Department of Pain Pharmacology, 12 Smetna Street, 31-343, Krakow, Poland.
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Li J, Yang C, Yang J, Zou L. Down-regulation of CCL17 in cancer-associated fibroblasts inhibits cell migration and invasion of breast cancer through ERK1/2 pathway. Cancer Manag Res 2019; 11:7439-7453. [PMID: 31496803 PMCID: PMC6689663 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s211651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) in the tumor microenvironment are involved in cancer development and progression, including breast cancer (BC). Up-regulation of CCL17 was observed in BC and predicted a decrease in overall survival, suggesting an important role of CCL17 in BC development. Nonetheless, little is known about the role of CCL17 in the interaction between CAFs and BC. Materials and methods Real-time quantitative PCR, Western blot, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were performed to examine C-C motif chemokine ligand 17 (CCL17) and C-C motif chemokine receptor 4 (CCR4) levels in BC tissues and CAFs. Cell proliferation, migration, and invasion of CAFs co-cultured with or without BC cell lines were measured by Cell Counting Kit-8 and Transwell analysis. Expression of CCL17, CCR4, dual specificity phosphatase 6 (DUSP6), matrix metallopeptidase 13 (MMP13), extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2, and phosphor-ERK1/2 (p-ERK1/2) in BC cell lines co-cultured with or without CAFs was measured by Western blotting. Results We found that BC tissues and CAFs demonstrated higher levels of CCL17 compared with adjacent-normal breast tissues and adjacent-normal fibroblasts (NFs), respectively. CCL17 expression is correlated with lymph nodes, TNM stage and tumor size of BC patients. CCL17 knockdown significantly inhibited CCL17 release, CCR4 expression, and the cell proliferation of CAFs, while CCL17 overexpression demonstrated an inverse effect in NFs. Co-culture with CAFs induced the increases in cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and the expression of CCL17, CCR4, MMP13, and p-ERK1/2 in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells were markedly reversed by CCL17 knockdown in CAFs. Meanwhile, co-culture with NFs induced the malignant phenotype of MCF-7 cells was markedly enhanced by CCL17 overexpression in NFs. Moreover, DUSP6, a negative regulator of ERK1/2, was dose-dependent decrease in response to recombinant CCL17 and inhibited cell migration, invasion, MMP13 expression, and ERK1/2 activation in MCF-7 cells. Conclusion The findings of this study suggest that CCL17 may function as a novel biomarker as well as potential therapeutic target against BC and CAF-secreted CCL17 promotes BC cell migration and invasion through the DUSP6-dependent ERK1/2 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, People's Republic of China.,Department of Breast Surgery, Sichuan Cancer Hospital, Chengdu 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunli Yang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingshi Yang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Liqun Zou
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, People's Republic of China
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CC chemokines are differentially expressed in Breast Cancer and are associated with disparity in overall survival. Sci Rep 2019; 9:4014. [PMID: 30850664 PMCID: PMC6408438 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-40514-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite recent advances, breast cancer (BrCa) still affects many women and the impact is disproportional in African Americans (AA) compared to European Americans (EA). Addressing socioeconomic and behavioral status has not been enough to reduce disparity, suggesting contribution of biological differences in BrCa disparity. Our laboratory was first to show involvement of CC chemokines in BrCa. In this study, using ONCOMINE, TCGA, bc-GenExMiner and KMplotter, we examined the association of CC chemokines in BrCa outcomes and disparity. We show over-expression of CCL5, -7, -11, -17, -20, -22 and -25 in BrCa tissues. High mRNA levels of CCL7, -8, -17, -20 and -25 predicted a decrease in overall survival (OS). CCL7 and CCL8 were associated with decreased relapse-free survival. Expression of CCL17 and CCL25 was associated with decreased OS in AA. In EA, CCL8 was associated with decreased OS. Expression of CCL5, -7, -8, -17, -20 and -25 was highest in TNBC. Expression of CCL11 and CCL22 was associated with HER2. CCL7, -8, -17, -20 and -25 were elevated in AAs. In conclusion, our analysis suggests significant association of CC-chemokines in BrCa progression, OS and disparate disease outcome in AA compared to EA patients.
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Gong DH, Chen YY, Ma D, Chen HY, Ding KF, Yu KD. Complicated prognostic values of CCL28 in breast cancer by subtype. J Thorac Dis 2019; 11:777-787. [PMID: 31019765 DOI: 10.21037/jtd.2019.02.26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Background The expression of CCL28 and its relationship with clinical outcomes remain unclear in the setting of heterogeneous breast cancer. The purpose of the current study was to identify the expression characteristics of chemokine CCL28 in breast cancer, with a focus on its prognostic relevance to different subtypes. Methods First, we investigated the expression of CCL28 in 150 breast cancer patients immunohistochemically and assessed the impact of CCL28 on relapse-free survival (RFS) in the whole cohort and different clinical subtypes [defined by hormone receptor (HR), and HER-2 status] by univariate and multivariate analysis. Furthermore, the other two cohorts comprised of 863 patients from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and 1,764 patients from the Kaplan-Meier plotter database, respectively, were chosen to validate the prognostic values of CCL28 in breast cancer. Results Those with positive CCL28 expression had improved RFS in luminal-like (HR positive, any HER-2 status) subtype (P=0.052) but had impaired RFS in triple-negative cases (P=0.019), after adjustment with tumor size and lymph node status. Consistently, multivariate analysis in the TCGA cohort revealed improved disease-free survival (DFS) among patients with high expression of CCL28 in luminal-like subtype (P=0.043) and decreased DFS in patients expressing high CCL28 in triple-negative cases (P=0.010). The subsequent analysis of the Kaplan-Meier plotter cohort also demonstrated that CCL28 was a favorable prognostic factor for luminal-like cases [luminal A (P<0.001) and luminal B (P=0.031)], but a poor prognostic indicator for the patients with triple-negative phenotype (P<0.001). Conclusions CCL28 was a favorable prognostic factor for luminal-like cases and detrimental for triple-negative subtype, indicating that the same chemokine may play different or even opposite roles in the recurrence and metastasis of different molecular subtypes of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di-He Gong
- Department of Thyroid and Breast surgery, Affiliated Cixi Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Cixi 315300, China.,Department of Breast Surgery, Ningbo Hangzhou Bay Hospital, Ningbo 315336, China
| | - Yi-Yu Chen
- Department of Breast Surgery, Shanghai Cancer Center and Cancer Institute, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Ding Ma
- Department of Breast Surgery, Shanghai Cancer Center and Cancer Institute, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Hai-Yan Chen
- Department of Surgical Oncology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Ke-Feng Ding
- Department of Surgical Oncology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Ke-Da Yu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Shanghai Cancer Center and Cancer Institute, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
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28
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Zhao H, Bo Q, Wang W, Wang R, Li Y, Chen S, Xia Y, Wang W, Wang Y, Zhu K, Liu L, Cui J, Wang S, Liu Q, Wu Z, Guo H, Shi B. CCL17-CCR4 axis promotes metastasis via ERK/MMP13 pathway in bladder cancer. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:1979-1989. [PMID: 30230587 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.27494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
As an important chemokine receptor, the role of CCR4 in the progression of bladder cancer (BC) remains unknown. In this study, we have shown that CCR4 expression was upregulated in bladder carcinoma tissues compared with adjacent nontumor tissues. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis revealed that CCR4 expression was an independent prognostic risk factor in BC patients, and the addition of CCL17 induced CCR4 production and promoted migration and invasion of BC cells. In addition, CCR4 knockdown significantly attenuated the migratory and invasive capabilities of BC cells. Mechanistically, CCL17-CCR4 axis is involved in ERK1/2 signaling and could mediate the migration and invasion of BC cells by regulating MMP13 activation. This study suggests that CCR4 might represent a promising prognostic biomarker and a potential therapeutic option for BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongda Zhao
- Department of Urology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Qiyu Bo
- Department of First Operating Room, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Weifen Wang
- Department of Urology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Urology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Urology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Shouzhen Chen
- Department of Urology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yangyang Xia
- Department of Urology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Wenfu Wang
- Department of Urology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Department of Urology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Kejia Zhu
- Department of Urology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Lei Liu
- Department of Urology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jianfeng Cui
- Department of Urology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Shuai Wang
- Department of Urology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Qinggang Liu
- Department of Urology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Zonglong Wu
- Department of Urology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Hu Guo
- Department of Urology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Benkang Shi
- Department of Urology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
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Chemokines and Chemokine Receptors: Orchestrating Tumor Metastasization. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 20:ijms20010096. [PMID: 30591657 PMCID: PMC6337330 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20010096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2018] [Revised: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastasis still represents the primary cause of cancer morbidity and mortality worldwide. Chemokine signalling contributes to the overall process of cancer growth and metastasis, and their expression in both primary tumors and metastatic lesions correlate with prognosis. Chemokines promote tumor metastasization by directly supporting cancer cell survival and invasion, angiogenesis, and by indirectly shaping the pre-metastatic niches and antitumor immunity. Here, we will focus on the relevant chemokine/chemokine receptor axes that have been described to drive the metastatic process. We elaborate on their role in the regulation of tumor angiogenesis and immune cell recruitment at both the primary tumor lesions and the pre-metastatic foci. Furthermore, we also discuss the advantages and limits of current pharmacological strategies developed to target chemokine networks for cancer therapy.
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30
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Wang Y, Weng X, Wang L, Hao M, Li Y, Hou L, Liang Y, Wu T, Yao M, Lin G, Jiang Y, Fu G, Hou Z, Meng X, Lu J, Wang J. HIC1 deletion promotes breast cancer progression by activating tumor cell/fibroblast crosstalk. J Clin Invest 2018; 128:5235-5250. [PMID: 30204129 DOI: 10.1172/jci99974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BrCa) is the malignant tumor that most seriously threatens female health; however, the molecular mechanism underlying its progression remains unclear. Here, we found that conditional deletion of hypermethylated in cancer 1 (HIC1) in the mouse mammary gland might contribute to premalignant transformation in the early stage of tumor formation. Moreover, the chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 14 (CXCL14) secreted by HIC1-deleted BrCa cells bound to its cognate receptor GPR85 on mammary fibroblasts in the microenvironment and was responsible for activating these fibroblasts via the ERK1/2, Akt, and neddylation pathways, whereas the activated fibroblasts promoted BrCa progression via the induction of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) by the C-C chemokine ligand 17 (CCL17)/CC chemokine receptor 4 (CCR4) axis. Finally, we confirmed that the HIC1-CXCL14-CCL17 loop was associated with the malignant progression of BrCa. Therefore, the crosstalk between HIC1-deleted BrCa cells and mammary fibroblasts might play a critical role in BrCa development. Exploring the progression of BrCa from the perspective of microenvironment will be beneficial for identifying the potential prognostic markers of breast tumor and providing more effective treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoling Weng
- Cancer Institute, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Luoyang Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Mingang Hao
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Yue Li
- Pathology Center, Shanghai First People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lidan Hou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Liang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Tianqi Wu
- Cancer Institute, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengfei Yao
- Cancer Institute, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guowen Lin
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiwei Jiang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Guohui Fu
- Pathology Center, Shanghai First People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhaoyuan Hou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiangjun Meng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinsong Lu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianhua Wang
- Cancer Institute, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,School of Medicine, Anhui University of Science & Technology, Huainan, Anhui, China
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CCR4 Expression Is Associated With Poor Prognosis in Patients With Early Stage (pN0) Oral Tongue Cancer. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2018; 77:426-432. [PMID: 30395826 DOI: 10.1016/j.joms.2018.09.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Revised: 09/02/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Chemokine receptors are involved in tumor metastasis and can predict poor prognosis; however, the expression and clinicopathologic relevance of chemokine receptors in early-stage cancer remain largely unknown. This study measured the association between chemokine (C-C motif) receptor-4 (CCR4) expression and prognosis in patients with histologically node-negative (pN0) oral tongue cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS A retrospective analysis of CCR4 expression data from a consecutive case series of patients with pN0 oral cancer tongue was conducted. The expression of CCR4 by immunohistochemistry was investigated and the association between CCR4 expression and clinicopathologic variables and overall and disease-free survivals was evaluated using Kaplan-Meier analysis and a Cox regression model. RESULTS CCR4 expression was examined in 128 human tongue cancerous samples (109 tongue squamous cell carcinomas [TSCCs] and 19 other types) and 10 normal tongue samples and was found to be highly expressed in tumor tissues compared with normal tissues. CCR4 expression was observed in 64.2% of patients with TSCC and showed a significant association with tumor stage (P = .037). Patients with CCR4-positive expression exhibited poorer overall and disease-free survivals compared with those with CCR4-negative expression (P < .001 and P = .001), and CCR4-positive expression was an independent factor of unfavorable overall and disease-free survivals (P = .002 and P = .007). CONCLUSIONS This study identified CCR4 as a potential prognostic biomarker for recurrence and survival of patients with pN0 oral tongue cancer. Thus, CCR4 might be a possible therapeutic target for patients with early-stage cancer.
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Karasaki T, Qiang G, Anraku M, Sun Y, Shinozaki-Ushiku A, Sato E, Kashiwabara K, Nagayama K, Nitadori JI, Sato M, Murakawa T, Kakimi K, Fukayama M, Nakajima J. High CCR4 expression in the tumor microenvironment is a poor prognostic indicator in lung adenocarcinoma. J Thorac Dis 2018; 10:4741-4750. [PMID: 30233846 DOI: 10.21037/jtd.2018.07.45] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Background Clinical trials of anti-CCR4 antibody for solid cancers with or without other immune-modulating agents including immune checkpoint blockade therapy are currently underway. However, little is known about the roles of CCR4+ lymphocytes and their prognostic impact in lung cancer. We hypothesized that high CCR4 expression in the tumor microenvironment would be associated with a poor prognosis and would act as a biomarker in lung adenocarcinoma. Methods First, the prognostic impact of CCR4 gene expression was explored using pooled data from public transcriptomic databases with online survival analysis software. Second, tissue microarrays (TMAs) were constructed from resected lung adenocarcinoma specimens from tumors up to 3 cm in size. The density of CCR4+ lymphocytes infiltrating the tumor was then assessed by immunohistochemistry and related to survival. Confounding factors were controlled for by multivariate analysis using the Cox proportional hazards model. Results Higher than median expression of the CCR4 gene was identified as an independent poor prognostic factor for overall survival (OS) by multivariate analysis of 720 lung adenocarcinoma patients in the public databases [HR =1.55 (95% CI: 1.03-2.35), P=0.037]. Consistent with this, high CCR4+ tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) density was found to be an independent poor prognostic factor for both OS [HR =2.24 (1.01-5.34), P=0.049] and recurrence-free survival (RFS) [HR =2.20 (1.16-4.39), P=0.017] in the patients from whom TMA were obtained (n=180). Age, male gender, predominantly non-lepidic histological subtype, nodal involvement, and low CD8+ TIL density were also independent poor prognostic factors. However, FOXP3 gene expression and Foxp3+ lymphocyte infiltration did not possess any prognostic value in either study. Conclusions High CCR4 expression in the tumor microenvironment may be a poor prognostic factor in lung adenocarcinoma. Patients with high CCR4+ lymphocyte infiltration may have a poor prognosis and thus be suitable candidates for clinical trials of anti-CCR4 antibody treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Karasaki
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Guangliang Qiang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Masaki Anraku
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yanbin Sun
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Aya Shinozaki-Ushiku
- Department of Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Eiichi Sato
- Department of Pathology (Medical Research Center), Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kosuke Kashiwabara
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Nagayama
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jun-Ichi Nitadori
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaaki Sato
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Murakawa
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Kakimi
- Department of Immunotherapeutics, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masashi Fukayama
- Department of Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jun Nakajima
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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Rasheed K, Abdulsalam I, Fismen S, Grimstad Ø, Sveinbjørnsson B, Moens U. CCL17/TARC and CCR4 expression in Merkel cell carcinoma. Oncotarget 2018; 9:31432-31447. [PMID: 30140381 PMCID: PMC6101144 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.25836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 07/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare, highly aggressive neuroendocrine skin cancer. In more than 80% of the cases, Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV) is a causal factor. The oncogenic potential of MCPyV is mediated through its viral oncoproteins, large T antigen (LT) and small t antigen (sT). To investigate the role of cytokines in MCC, a PCR array analysis for genes encoding inflammatory cytokines and receptors was performed on MCPyV-negative and MCPyV-positive MCC cell lines, respectively. We detected an increased expression of CCL17/TARC in the MCPyV-positive MKL2 cell line compared to the MCPyV-negative MCC13 cell line. Transfection studies in MCC13 cells with LT expression plasmid, and a luciferase reporter plasmid containing the CCL17/TARC promoter, exhibited stimulated promoter activity. Interestingly, the ectopic expression of CCL17/TARC upregulated MCPyV early and late promoter activities in MCC13 cells. Furthermore, recombinant CCL17/TARC activated both the mitogen-activated protein kinase and the NF-κB pathways. Finally, immunohistochemical staining on human MCC tissues showed a strong staining of CCL17/TARC and its receptor CCR4 in both LT-positive and -negative MCC. Taken together, CCL17/TARC and CCR4 may be a potential target in MCC therapy providing MCC patients with a better overall survival outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kashif Rasheed
- Molecular Inflammation Research Group, Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, N-9037, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Ibrahim Abdulsalam
- Molecular Inflammation Research Group, Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, N-9037, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Silje Fismen
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital of Northern Norway, N-9038, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Øystein Grimstad
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Northern Norway, N-9038, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Baldur Sveinbjørnsson
- Molecular Inflammation Research Group, Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, N-9037, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Ugo Moens
- Molecular Inflammation Research Group, Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, N-9037, Tromsø, Norway
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34
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Lapeire L, Hendrix A, Lecoutere E, Van Bockstal M, Vandesompele J, Maynard D, Braems G, Van Den Broecke R, Müller C, Bracke M, Cocquyt V, Denys H, De Wever O. Secretome analysis of breast cancer-associated adipose tissue to identify paracrine regulators of breast cancer growth. Oncotarget 2018; 8:47239-47249. [PMID: 28525384 PMCID: PMC5564561 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.17592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2016] [Accepted: 04/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue secretes a plethora of adipokines as evidenced by characterization of subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue secretomes. However, adipose tissue composition and secretion pattern is depot and disease dependent, influencing the adipose tissue secretome. We investigated the secretome of cancer-associated adipose tissue (CAAT) explants from breast cancer patients and explored its role in breast cancer proliferation. CAAT proteins were identified by LC-MS/MS and human protein antibody arrays and stimulated proliferation of three breast cancer cell lines. Kinomics and transcriptomics of MCF-7 breast cancer cells treated with the secretome of CAAT revealed activation of Akt-, ERK- and JNK-pathways and differential expression of activator protein 1 (AP-1) and cAMP responsive element-binding protein (CREB) target genes. The cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK)4/6-inhibitor palbociclib significantly abrogated CAAT-enhanced breast cancer cell proliferation. Our work characterizes the specific breast CAAT protein secretome and reveals its pro-proliferative potency in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lore Lapeire
- Department of Medical Oncology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium.,Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - An Hendrix
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium.,Laboratory of Experimental Cancer Research, Department of Radiation Oncology and Experimental Cancer Research, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | | | | | - Jo Vandesompele
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium.,Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Dawn Maynard
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Geert Braems
- Department of Gynecology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | | | - Cathérine Müller
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, Université de Toulouse, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Marc Bracke
- Laboratory of Experimental Cancer Research, Department of Radiation Oncology and Experimental Cancer Research, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Véronique Cocquyt
- Department of Medical Oncology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Hannelore Denys
- Department of Medical Oncology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium.,Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Olivier De Wever
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium.,Laboratory of Experimental Cancer Research, Department of Radiation Oncology and Experimental Cancer Research, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
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35
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Klein A, Sagi-Assif O, Meshel T, Telerman A, Izraely S, Ben-Menachem S, Bayry J, Marzese DM, Ohe S, Hoon DSB, Erez N, Witz IP. CCR4 is a determinant of melanoma brain metastasis. Oncotarget 2018; 8:31079-31091. [PMID: 28415693 PMCID: PMC5458190 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.16076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2017] [Accepted: 03/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
We previously identified the chemokine receptor CCR4 as part of the molecular signature of melanoma brain metastasis. The aim of this study was to determine the functional significance of CCR4 in melanoma brain metastasis. We show that CCR4 is more highly expressed by brain metastasizing melanoma cells than by local cutaneous cells from the same melanoma. Moreover, we found that the expression of CCR4 is significantly higher in paired clinical specimens of melanoma metastases than in samples of primary tumors from the same patients. Notably, the expression of the CCR4 ligands, Ccl22 and Ccl17 is upregulated at the earliest stages of brain metastasis, and precedes the infiltration of melanoma cells to the brain. In-vitro, CCL17 induced migration and transendothelial migration of melanoma cells. Functionally, human melanoma cells over-expressing CCR4 were more tumorigenic and produced a higher load of spontaneous brain micrometastasis than control cells. Blocking CCR4 with a small molecule CCR4 antagonist in-vivo, reduced the tumorigenicity and micrometastasis formation of melanoma cells. Taken together, these findings implicate CCR4 as a driver of melanoma brain metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anat Klein
- Department of Cell Research and Immunology, George S. Wise, Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Orit Sagi-Assif
- Department of Cell Research and Immunology, George S. Wise, Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Tsipi Meshel
- Department of Cell Research and Immunology, George S. Wise, Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Alona Telerman
- Department of Cell Research and Immunology, George S. Wise, Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Sivan Izraely
- Department of Cell Research and Immunology, George S. Wise, Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Shlomit Ben-Menachem
- Department of Cell Research and Immunology, George S. Wise, Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Jagadeesh Bayry
- Inserm Unité 1138, Center de Recherche des Cordeliers, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Université, Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Diego M Marzese
- Department of Molecular Oncology, John Wayne Cancer Institute at Providence Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica, CA, USA
| | - Shuichi Ohe
- Department of Molecular Oncology, John Wayne Cancer Institute at Providence Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica, CA, USA
| | - Dave S B Hoon
- Department of Molecular Oncology, John Wayne Cancer Institute at Providence Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica, CA, USA
| | - Neta Erez
- Department of Pathology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Isaac P Witz
- Department of Cell Research and Immunology, George S. Wise, Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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36
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CCR4 promotes metastasis via ERK/NF-κB/MMP13 pathway and acts downstream of TNF-α in colorectal cancer. Oncotarget 2018; 7:47637-47649. [PMID: 27356745 PMCID: PMC5216967 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.10256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2016] [Accepted: 06/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemokines and chemokine receptors are causally involved in the metastasis of human malignancies. As a crucial chemokine receptor for mediating immune homeostasis, however, the role of CCR4 in colorectal cancer (CRC) remains unknown. In this study, we found that high expression of CCR4 in CRC tissues was correlated with shorter overall survival and disease free survival. In vitro and in vivo experiments revealed that silencing CCR4 attenuated the invasion and metastasis of CRC cells, whereas ectopic overexpression of CCR4 contributed to the forced metastasis of these cells. We further demonstrated that matrix metalloproteinase 13 (MMP13) played an important role in CCR4-mediated cancer cell invasion, which is up-regulated by ERK/NF-κB signaling. Positive correlation between CCR4 and MMP13 expression was also observed in CRC tissues. Moreover, our investigations showed that the level of CCR4 could be induced by TNF-α dependent of NF-κB activation in CRC cells. CCR4 might be implicated in TNF-α-regulated cancer cells metastasis. Combination of CCR4 and TNF-α is a more powerful prognostic marker for CRC patients. These findings suggest that CCR4 facilitates metastasis through ERK/NF-κB/MMP13 signaling and acts as a downstream target of TNF-α. CCR4 inhibition may be a promising therapeutic option for suppressing CRC metastasis.
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37
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Cheng X, Wu H, Jin ZJ, Ma D, Yuen S, Jing XQ, Shi MM, Shen BY, Peng CH, Zhao R, Qiu WH. Up-regulation of chemokine receptor CCR4 is associated with Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma malignant behavior. Sci Rep 2017; 7:12362. [PMID: 28959024 PMCID: PMC5620046 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-10267-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2016] [Accepted: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Studies indicate that the chemokine receptor is responsible for poor prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients. In this study, we initially demonstrated that CCR4 is overexpressed in HCC specimens, and its elevation in HCC tissues positively correlates with tumor capsule breakthrough and vascular invasion. Although overexpression of CCR4 failed to influent proliferation of HCC cells in vitro apparently, the prominent acceleration on HCC tumor growth in vivo was remarkable. The underlying mechanism may be involved in neovascularization. Interestingly, different from effect on proliferation, CCR4 overexpression could trigger HCC metastasis both in vitro and in vivo also induced HCC cell epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) as well. Then we identified matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2) as a direct target of CCR4 which plays an important role in CCR4-mediated HCC cell invasion, which was up-regulated by ERK/AKT signaling. Positive correlation between CCR4 and MMP2 expression was also observed in HCC tissues. In conclusion, our study suggested that chemokine receptor CCR4 promotes HCC malignancy and facilitated HCC cell metastases via ERK/AKT/MMP2 pathway. These findings suggest that CCR4 may be a potential new diagnostic and prognostic marker in HCC, and targeting CCR4 may be a potential therapeutic option for blocking HCC metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Cheng
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.,Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.,Department of General Surgery, Ruijin North Hospital Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201800, China
| | - Huo Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.,Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, China
| | - Zhi-Jian Jin
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.,Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Ding Ma
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.,Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Stanley Yuen
- Biology chemistry major, University At Albany, New York, United States
| | - Xiao-Qian Jing
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.,Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Min-Min Shi
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.,Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Bai-Yong Shen
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.,Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Cheng-Hong Peng
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China. .,Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.
| | - Ren Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China. .,Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China. .,Department of General Surgery, Ruijin North Hospital Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201800, China.
| | - Wei-Hua Qiu
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China. .,Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.
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38
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Miah AH, Champigny AC, Graves RH, Hodgson ST, Percy JM, Procopiou PA. Identification of pyrazolopyrimidine arylsulfonamides as CC-chemokine receptor 4 (CCR4) antagonists. Bioorg Med Chem 2017; 25:5327-5340. [PMID: 28801066 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2017.07.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Revised: 07/20/2017] [Accepted: 07/27/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
A novel 4-aminoindazole sulfonamide hit (13) was identified as a human CCR4 antagonists from testing a focussed library of compounds in the primary GTPγS assay. Replacing the indazole core with a pyrazolopyrimidine, and introduction of a methoxy group adjacent to the sulfonamide substituent, resulted in the identification of pyrazolopyrimidine 37a, which exhibited good binding affinity in the GTPγS assay (pIC50=7.2), low lipophilicity (clogP=2.2, chromlogD7.4=2.4), high LE (0.41), high solubility (CLND solubility ≥581µM), and an excellent PK profile in both the rat (F=62%) and the dog (F=100%). Further SAR investigation of the pyrazolopyrimidine suggested that substitution at N1 is tolerated, providing a suitable vector to modulate the properties, and increase the potency in a lead optimisation campaign.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afjal H Miah
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Respiratory TAU, GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, United Kingdom.
| | - Aurelie C Champigny
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Respiratory TAU, GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, United Kingdom
| | - Rebecca H Graves
- Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Respiratory TAU, GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, United Kingdom
| | - Simon T Hodgson
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Respiratory TAU, GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan M Percy
- WestCHEM Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G1 1XL, United Kingdom
| | - Panayiotis A Procopiou
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Respiratory TAU, GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, United Kingdom
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39
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Yang XL, Liu KY, Lin FJ, Shi HM, Ou ZL. CCL28 promotes breast cancer growth and metastasis through MAPK-mediated cellular anti-apoptosis and pro-metastasis. Oncol Rep 2017; 38:1393-1401. [PMID: 28713975 PMCID: PMC5549038 DOI: 10.3892/or.2017.5798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2016] [Accepted: 05/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the most commonly diagnosed cancers worldwide and the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths among females. CCL28 (mucosa-associated epithelial chemokine, MEC), a CC subfamily chemokine, has been well studied in the process of inflammation, and recently increasing evidence indicates that CCL28 is related to tumor progression. However, little is known concerning its function in breast cancer. In the present study, we generated a CCL28-overexpressing breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231HM/CCL28 from parental MDA-MB-231HM cells. We found that overexpression of CCL28 promoted cell proliferation and tumor formation, and also enhanced migration, invasion and metastasis both in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistic studies revealed that CCL28 mediated intracellular activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway to promote breast cancer cell proliferation and metastasis by upregulating anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 and suppressing cell adhesion protein β-catenin. However, overexpression of CCL28 did not influence the expression of metastasis-related protein matrix metalloproteinase MMP2 and MMP9 and VEGF. Tissue sample analysis from animal models also indicated that overexpression of CCL28 was associated with enhanced pERK expression and reduced β-catenin expression in breast carcinomas. Thus, our results show for the first time that CCL28 contributes to breast cancer progression through the ERK/MAPK-mediated anti-apoptotic and metastatic signaling pathway. Antagonists of CCL28 and the MAPK signaling pathway may be used synergistically to treat breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Li Yang
- Breast Cancer Institute, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Kai Yi Liu
- Department of Biology, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, P.R. China
| | - Feng Juan Lin
- Breast Cancer Institute, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Hui Min Shi
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Zhou Luo Ou
- Breast Cancer Institute, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
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40
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Liu W, Wei X, Li L, Wu X, Yan J, Yang H, Song F. CCR4 mediated chemotaxis of regulatory T cells suppress the activation of T cells and NK cells via TGF-β pathway in human non-small cell lung cancer. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 488:196-203. [PMID: 28487109 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.05.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2017] [Accepted: 05/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
C-C chemokine receptor type 4 has been reported to correlate with lung cancer. However, the role of CCR4 in human non-small cell lung cancer patients is not well defined. Here, we demonstrated that increased expression of CCR4 was associated with clinical stage and CCR4 was an independent risk factor for overall survival in NSCLC patients. Moreover, tumor-infiltrating Treg cells were higher expression than matched adjacent tissues in CCR4+ NSCLC. Higher expression of chemokine CCL17 and CCL22 could recruit Treg cells to tumor sites in NSCLC. Treg in TIL exhibit a higher level of suppressive activity on effector T cells than matched adjacent tissues in NSCLC patients. Significant NK cell reduction was observed in tumor regions compared to non-tumor regions. NK cells demonstrated that reduced the killing capacity against target cells and the expression of CD69 + in vitro. The addition of Treg cells from NSCLC patients efficiently inhibited the anti-tumor ability of autologous NK cells. Treatment with anti-TGF-β antibody restored the impaired cytotoxic activity of T cells and NK cells from tumor tissues. Our results indicate that TGF-β plays an important role in impaired Teff cells and NK cells. It will therefore be valuable to develop therapeutic strategies against CCR4 and TGF-β pathway for therapy of NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Liu
- Clinical Immunology Laboratory, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, PR China
| | - Xinyi Wei
- Department of Pediatric Research Institute, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, PR China
| | - Lin Li
- Clinical Immunology Laboratory, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, PR China
| | - Xiaobin Wu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing 400014, PR China
| | - Junli Yan
- Clinical Immunology Laboratory, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, PR China
| | - Hui Yang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Infection and Immunity, Chongqing 400014, PR China
| | - Fangzhou Song
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Molecular Medicine & Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, PR China.
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41
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Yang XL, Qi LG, Lin FJ, Ou ZL. The role of the chemokine receptor XCR1 in breast cancer cells. BREAST CANCER-TARGETS AND THERAPY 2017; 9:227-236. [PMID: 28408852 PMCID: PMC5384703 DOI: 10.2147/bctt.s126184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Considerable attention has recently been paid to the application of chemokines to cancer immunotherapy due to their complex role in cell proliferation, invasion, metastasis, and tumorigenesis, which extends beyond the regulation of lymphocyte migration during immune responses. The expression and the function of the chemokine receptor XCR1 on breast cancer have remained elusive to date. In this study, the expressions of XCR1 mRNA were tested by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction in one breast epithelial cell line (MCF-10A) and nine breast cancer cell lines (MDA-MB-231, 231HM, 231BO, MDA-MB-468, MCF-7, T47D, Bcap-37, ZR-75-30, and SK-BR-3). We established XCR1-overexpressing breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231 (231/XCR1) in XCR1 low expression cell line MDA-MB-231 (231). The ability of proliferation, invasion, and metastasis was measured by CCK8, plate cloning formation, and transwell analysis, respectively, in XCR1-overexpressing breast cancer cell lines (231/XCR1) and their parental cell line MDA-MB-231/Vector (simplified as “231/Vector”); 5×106/100 μL cells were inoculated in mammary fat pad of BALB/c nude mice. There were six BALB/c nude mice in the experimental group and control group. Protein expression was analyzed by cell immunofluorescence and Western blot. The growth of XCR1-overexpressing human breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231 in vitro was restrained and tumorigenesis in vivo was also extenuated, its mechanism may involve in the inhibition of MAPK and PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway, but increase in LC3 expression. However, the overexpression of XCR1 in human breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231 in vitro can promote the migration and invasion partially due to decreasing the protein level of β-catenin. Therefore, XCR1 can affect the biological characteristics of some special breast cancer cells through complex signal transduction pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Li Yang
- Department of Oncology, Breast Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai
| | - Li Guo Qi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Taian City Central Hospital, Taian, Shangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Juan Lin
- Department of Oncology, Breast Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai
| | - Zhou Luo Ou
- Department of Oncology, Breast Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai
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42
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Berlato C, Khan MN, Schioppa T, Thompson R, Maniati E, Montfort A, Jangani M, Canosa M, Kulbe H, Hagemann UB, Duncan AR, Fletcher L, Wilkinson RW, Powles T, Quezada SA, Balkwill FR. A CCR4 antagonist reverses the tumor-promoting microenvironment of renal cancer. J Clin Invest 2017; 127:801-813. [PMID: 28134623 PMCID: PMC5330727 DOI: 10.1172/jci82976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2015] [Accepted: 12/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Elevated expression of the chemokine receptor CCR4 in tumors is associated with poor prognosis in several cancers. Here, we have determined that CCR4 was highly expressed in human renal cell carcinoma (RCC) biopsies and observed abnormal levels of CCR4 ligands in RCC patient plasma. An antagonistic anti-CCR4 antibody had antitumor activity in the RENCA mouse model of RCC. CCR4 inhibition did not reduce the proportion of infiltrating leukocytes in the tumor microenvironment but altered the phenotype of myeloid cells, increased NK cell and Th1 cytokine levels, and reduced immature myeloid cell infiltrate and blood chemokine levels. In spite of prominent changes in the myeloid compartment, the anti-CCR4 antibody did not affect RENCA tumors in T cell-deficient mice, and treatment with an anti-class II MHC antibody abrogated its antitumor activity. We concluded that the effects of the anti-CCR4 antibody required the adaptive immune system and CD4+ T cells. Moreover, CCL17-induced IFN-γ production was reduced when Th1-polarized normal CD4+ T cells were exposed to the CCR4 ligand, evidencing the involvement of CCR4 in Th1/Th2 regulation. The anti-CCR4 antibody, alone or in combination with other immune modulators, is a potential treatment approach to human solid cancers with high levels of CCR4-expressing tumor-infiltrating leukocytes and abnormal plasma CCR4 ligand levels.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antibodies, Neoplasm/immunology
- Antibodies, Neoplasm/pharmacology
- Carcinoma, Renal Cell/drug therapy
- Carcinoma, Renal Cell/genetics
- Carcinoma, Renal Cell/immunology
- Chemokine CCL17/genetics
- Chemokine CCL17/immunology
- Chemokine CCL17/pharmacology
- Female
- Humans
- Interferon-gamma/genetics
- Interferon-gamma/immunology
- Kidney Neoplasms
- Killer Cells, Natural/immunology
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Neoplasm Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors
- Neoplasm Proteins/genetics
- Neoplasm Proteins/immunology
- Neoplasms, Experimental/drug therapy
- Neoplasms, Experimental/genetics
- Neoplasms, Experimental/immunology
- Receptors, CCR4/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, CCR4/genetics
- Receptors, CCR4/immunology
- Th1 Cells/immunology
- Tumor Microenvironment/drug effects
- Tumor Microenvironment/genetics
- Tumor Microenvironment/immunology
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Berlato
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Moddasar N. Khan
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Tiziana Schioppa
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Richard Thompson
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Eleni Maniati
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Anne Montfort
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Maryam Jangani
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Monica Canosa
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Hagen Kulbe
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Gynecology, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | - Thomas Powles
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sergio A. Quezada
- Cancer Immunology Unit, Research Department of Haematology, UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Frances R. Balkwill
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
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43
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Anderson AM, Kalimutho M, Harten S, Nanayakkara DM, Khanna KK, Ragan MA. The metastasis suppressor RARRES3 as an endogenous inhibitor of the immunoproteasome expression in breast cancer cells. Sci Rep 2017; 7:39873. [PMID: 28051153 PMCID: PMC5209724 DOI: 10.1038/srep39873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2016] [Accepted: 11/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
In breast cancer metastasis, the dynamic continuum involving pro- and anti-inflammatory regulators can become compromised. Over 600 genes have been implicated in metastasis to bone, lung or brain but how these genes might contribute to perturbation of immune function is poorly understood. To gain insight, we adopted a gene co-expression network approach that draws on the functional parallels between naturally occurring bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) and cancer stem cells (CSCs). Our network analyses indicate a key role for metastasis suppressor RARRES3, including potential to regulate the immunoproteasome (IP), a specialized proteasome induced under inflammatory conditions. Knockdown of RARRES3 in near-normal mammary epithelial and breast cancer cell lines increases overall transcript and protein levels of the IP subunits, but not of their constitutively expressed counterparts. RARRES3 mRNA expression is controlled by interferon regulatory factor IRF1, an inducer of the IP, and is sensitive to depletion of the retinoid-related receptor RORA that regulates various physiological processes including immunity through modulation of gene expression. Collectively, these findings identify a novel regulatory role for RARRES3 as an endogenous inhibitor of IP expression, and contribute to our evolving understanding of potential pathways underlying breast cancer driven immune modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison M Anderson
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Murugan Kalimutho
- Signal Transduction Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, 300 Herston Road, Herston, Brisbane QLD 4006, Australia
| | - Sarah Harten
- Signal Transduction Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, 300 Herston Road, Herston, Brisbane QLD 4006, Australia
| | - Devathri M Nanayakkara
- Signal Transduction Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, 300 Herston Road, Herston, Brisbane QLD 4006, Australia
| | - Kum Kum Khanna
- Signal Transduction Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, 300 Herston Road, Herston, Brisbane QLD 4006, Australia
| | - Mark A Ragan
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane QLD 4072, Australia
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44
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Kircher DA, Silvis MR, Cho JH, Holmen SL. Melanoma Brain Metastasis: Mechanisms, Models, and Medicine. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:E1468. [PMID: 27598148 PMCID: PMC5037746 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17091468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2016] [Revised: 08/02/2016] [Accepted: 08/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of brain metastases in patients with advanced stage melanoma is common, but the molecular mechanisms responsible for their development are poorly understood. Melanoma brain metastases cause significant morbidity and mortality and confer a poor prognosis; traditional therapies including whole brain radiation, stereotactic radiotherapy, or chemotherapy yield only modest increases in overall survival (OS) for these patients. While recently approved therapies have significantly improved OS in melanoma patients, only a small number of studies have investigated their efficacy in patients with brain metastases. Preliminary data suggest that some responses have been observed in intracranial lesions, which has sparked new clinical trials designed to evaluate the efficacy in melanoma patients with brain metastases. Simultaneously, recent advances in our understanding of the mechanisms of melanoma cell dissemination to the brain have revealed novel and potentially therapeutic targets. In this review, we provide an overview of newly discovered mechanisms of melanoma spread to the brain, discuss preclinical models that are being used to further our understanding of this deadly disease and provide an update of the current clinical trials for melanoma patients with brain metastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A Kircher
- Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA.
| | - Mark R Silvis
- Department of Surgery, University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA.
| | - Joseph H Cho
- Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA.
| | - Sheri L Holmen
- Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA.
- Department of Surgery, University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA.
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA.
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45
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Stachura J, Wachowska M, Kilarski WW, Güç E, Golab J, Muchowicz A. The dual role of tumor lymphatic vessels in dissemination of metastases and immune response development. Oncoimmunology 2016; 5:e1182278. [PMID: 27622039 PMCID: PMC5006909 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2016.1182278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2016] [Revised: 04/16/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Lymphatic vasculature plays a crucial role in the immune response, enabling transport of dendritic cells (DCs) and antigens (Ags) into the lymph nodes. Unfortunately, the lymphatic system has also a negative role in the progression of cancer diseases, by facilitating the metastatic spread of many carcinomas to the draining lymph nodes. The lymphatics can promote antitumor immune response as well as tumor tolerance. Here, we review the role of lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) in tumor progression and immunity and mechanism of action in the newest anti-lymphatic therapies, including photodynamic therapy (PDT).
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Stachura
- Department of Immunology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland; Department of Immunology, Transplantology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Malgorzata Wachowska
- Department of Immunology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland; Department of Laboratory Diagnostics and Clinical Immunology of Developmental Age, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Witold W Kilarski
- Institute for Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago , Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Esra Güç
- MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh , Edinburgh, UK
| | - Jakub Golab
- Department of Immunology, Medical University of Warsaw , Warsaw, Poland
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46
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Zhu F, Li X, Chen S, Zeng Q, Zhao Y, Luo F. Tumor-associated macrophage or chemokine ligand CCL17 positively regulates the tumorigenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma. Med Oncol 2016; 33:17. [PMID: 26781124 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-016-0729-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2015] [Accepted: 01/04/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Alternatively activated macrophages (M2) can secrete chemokines, such as chemokine ligand 17 (CCL17), and are associated with promoting tumorigenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This study aimed at investigating the potential role of M2 and CCL17 in progression of HCC. The levels of CCL17 expression in 90 HCC samples were characterized by tissue microarray and stratified for the postsurgical survival. MHCC97L cells were co-cultured with classically activated M1, M2 or CCL17-silencing M2(ccl17mute) or treated with conditional medium (CM) from these cells or CCL17 in vitro. The wound healing, invasion, viability and apoptosis of MHCC97L cells in vitro and tumor growth in vivo were determined. The stemness of MHCC97L cells was examined by sphere formation, flow cytometry and Western blot. The relative expression levels of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) factors and the Wnt/β-catenin signaling were determined. Higher levels of intratumoral CCL17 expression were significantly associated with clinical pathological characteristics of HCC and with poorer overall survival rates in HCC patients (P < 0.05). High levels of CCR4 were detected in MHCC97L cells. Treatment with the CM from M2 or with CCL17 significantly enhanced the wound healing process, invasion and proliferation of MHCC97L cells in vitro. Co-implantation MHCC97L cells with M2 significantly promoted the growth of MHCC97L tumors in vivo. Co-culture with M2 or treatment with CCL17 enhanced the stemness, EMT process, the TGF-β1 and Wnt/β-catenin signaling in MHCC97L cells. CCL17 promotes the tumorigenesis of HCC and may be a potential biomarker and target for HCC prognosis and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangyu Zhu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China.,Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangnan Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Siyu Chen
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiu Zeng
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Zhao
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Luo
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China.
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47
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Solari R, Pease JE. Targeting chemokine receptors in disease--a case study of CCR4. Eur J Pharmacol 2015; 763:169-77. [PMID: 25981299 PMCID: PMC4784718 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2015.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2015] [Revised: 04/17/2015] [Accepted: 05/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Since their early 1990s, the chemokine receptor family of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) has been the source of much pharmacological endeavour. Best known for their key roles in recruiting leukocytes to sites of infection and inflammation, the receptors present themselves as plausible drug targets for therapeutic intervention. In this article, we will focus our attention upon CC Chemokine Receptor Four (CCR4) which has been implicated in diseases as diverse as allergic asthma and lymphoma. We will review the discovery of the receptors and their ligands, their perceived roles in disease and the successful targeting of CCR4 by both small molecule antagonists and monoclonal antibodies. We will also discuss future directions and strategies for drug discovery in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Solari
- Airway Disease Infection Section, MRC-Asthma UK Centre in Allergic Mechanisms of Asthma, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place, London W2 1PG, United Kingdom
| | - James E Pease
- Leukocyte Biology Section, MRC-Asthma UK Centre in Allergic Mechanisms of Asthma, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom.
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48
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Lee S, Yoo H, Kim S. CCR5-CCL Axis in PDL during Orthodontic Biophysical Force Application. J Dent Res 2015; 94:1715-23. [DOI: 10.1177/0022034515603926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Tooth movement by application of orthodontic biophysical force primarily reflects the role of soluble molecules released from the periodontal ligament (PDL). Thus far, many factors have been reported to be involved in orthodontic tooth movement (OTM), but key molecules that orchestrate responses of periodontal tissues to biophysical force are still enigmatic. In this in vivo study, in which the upper first molars in rats were moved, differential display–polymerase chain reaction revealed that CC chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5) level was differentially increased during OTM. Strong immunoreactivity for CCR5 was found in the PDL undergoing force application. Moreover, the in vitro compression or tension force application to primary cultured human PDL cells increased the expression of CCR5 and CCR5 ligands. In vitro tension force on human PDL cells did not induce RANKL, an osteoclastogenesis-inducing factor, but did induce the upregulation of IL12, an osteoclast inhibitory factor, and osteoblast differentiation factors, including Runx2, which was attenuated under tension by CCR5 gene silencing whereas augmented with CCR5 ligands. In contrast, in vitro compression force did not induce the expression of osteoprotegerin, a decoy receptor for RANKL and Runx2, but did induce the upregulation of RANKL, which was attenuated under compression by CCR5 gene silencing. These results suggest that the CCR5–CCR5 ligands axis in PDL cells may play a crucial role in the remodeling of periodontal tissues and can be a therapeutic target for achieving efficient OTM.
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Affiliation(s)
- S.Y. Lee
- Dental Science Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - H.I. Yoo
- Dental Science Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - S.H. Kim
- Dental Science Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
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49
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Roman T, Nayyeri A, Fasy BT, Schwartz R. A simplicial complex-based approach to unmixing tumor progression data. BMC Bioinformatics 2015; 16:254. [PMID: 26264682 PMCID: PMC4534068 DOI: 10.1186/s12859-015-0694-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2014] [Accepted: 08/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tumorigenesis is an evolutionary process by which tumor cells acquire mutations through successive diversification and differentiation. There is much interest in reconstructing this process of evolution due to its relevance to identifying drivers of mutation and predicting future prognosis and drug response. Efforts are challenged by high tumor heterogeneity, though, both within and among patients. In prior work, we showed that this heterogeneity could be turned into an advantage by computationally reconstructing models of cell populations mixed to different degrees in distinct tumors. Such mixed membership model approaches, however, are still limited in their ability to dissect more than a few well-conserved cell populations across a tumor data set. RESULTS We present a method to improve on current mixed membership model approaches by better accounting for conserved progression pathways between subsets of cancers, which imply a structure to the data that has not previously been exploited. We extend our prior methods, which use an interpretation of the mixture problem as that of reconstructing simple geometric objects called simplices, to instead search for structured unions of simplices called simplicial complexes that one would expect to emerge from mixture processes describing branches along an evolutionary tree. We further improve on the prior work with a novel objective function to better identify mixtures corresponding to parsimonious evolutionary tree models. We demonstrate that this approach improves on our ability to accurately resolve mixtures on simulated data sets and demonstrate its practical applicability on a large RNASeq tumor data set. CONCLUSIONS Better exploiting the expected geometric structure for mixed membership models produced from common evolutionary trees allows us to quickly and accurately reconstruct models of cell populations sampled from those trees. In the process, we hope to develop a better understanding of tumor evolution as well as other biological problems that involve interpreting genomic data gathered from heterogeneous populations of cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theodore Roman
- Computatational Biology Department, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Ave., Pittsburgh, USA.
| | - Amir Nayyeri
- Computer Science Department, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Ave., Pittsburgh, USA.
| | - Brittany Terese Fasy
- Department of Computer Science, Tulane University, 6834 St. Charles St., New Orleans, USA.
| | - Russell Schwartz
- Computatational Biology Department, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Ave., Pittsburgh, USA. .,Department of Biological Sciences, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Ave., Pittsburgh, USA.
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50
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MiRNA-621 sensitizes breast cancer to chemotherapy by suppressing FBXO11 and enhancing p53 activity. Oncogene 2015; 35:448-58. [PMID: 25867061 PMCID: PMC4603999 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2015.96] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2014] [Revised: 01/28/2015] [Accepted: 02/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been demonstrated to have critical roles in regulating cancer cell proliferation, survival and sensitivity to chemotherapy. The potential application of using miRNAs to predict therapeutic response to cancer treatment holds high promise, but miRNAs with predictive value remain to be identified and underlying mechanisms have not been completely understood. Here, we show a strong correlation between miR-621 expression and chemosensitivity to paclitaxel plus carboplatin (PTX/CBP) regimen, an effective neoadjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer patients. High level of miR-621 predicts better response to PTX/CBP regimen neoadjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer patients, who also tend to achieve pathological complete response. Ectopic overexpression of miR-621 promoted apoptosis and increased chemosensitivity to PTX and CBP both in cultured breast cancer cells and in xenograft tumor model. We further show that FBXO11 is a direct functional target of miR-621 and miR-621 level is negatively correlated with FBXO11 expression in breast cancer patients. Ectopic expression of FBXO11 attenuated increased apoptosis in breast cancer cells overexpressing miR-621 upon PTX or CBP treatment. Consistently, high FBXO11 expression significantly correlated with poor survival in breast cancer patients. Mechanistically, we found in breast cancer cells FBXO11 interacts with p53 and promotes its neddylation, which suppressed the p53 transactivity. Accordingly, miR-621-dependent FBXO11 suppression enhanced p53 activity and increased apoptosis in breast cancer cells exposed to chemotherapeutics. Taken together, our data suggest that miR-621 enhances chemosensitivity of breast cancer cells to PTX/CBP chemotherapy by suppressing FBXO11-depedent inhibition of p53. miR-621 may serve as a predictive biomarker and a potential therapeutic target in breast cancer treatment.
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