1
|
Wang Y, Lilienfeldt N, Hekimi S. Understanding coenzyme Q. Physiol Rev 2024; 104:1533-1610. [PMID: 38722242 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00040.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Coenzyme Q (CoQ), also known as ubiquinone, comprises a benzoquinone head group and a long isoprenoid side chain. It is thus extremely hydrophobic and resides in membranes. It is best known for its complex function as an electron transporter in the mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) but is also required for several other crucial cellular processes. In fact, CoQ appears to be central to the entire redox balance of the cell. Remarkably, its structure and therefore its properties have not changed from bacteria to vertebrates. In metazoans, it is synthesized in all cells and is found in most, and maybe all, biological membranes. CoQ is also known as a nutritional supplement, mostly because of its involvement with antioxidant defenses. However, whether there is any health benefit from oral consumption of CoQ is not well established. Here we review the function of CoQ as a redox-active molecule in the ETC and other enzymatic systems, its role as a prooxidant in reactive oxygen species generation, and its separate involvement in antioxidant mechanisms. We also review CoQ biosynthesis, which is particularly complex because of its extreme hydrophobicity, as well as the biological consequences of primary and secondary CoQ deficiency, including in human patients. Primary CoQ deficiency is a rare inborn condition due to mutation in CoQ biosynthetic genes. Secondary CoQ deficiency is much more common, as it accompanies a variety of pathological conditions, including mitochondrial disorders as well as aging. In this context, we discuss the importance, but also the great difficulty, of alleviating CoQ deficiency by CoQ supplementation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wang
- Department of Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Noah Lilienfeldt
- Department of Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Siegfried Hekimi
- Department of Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Corral-Sarasa J, Martínez-Gálvez JM, González-García P, Wendling O, Jiménez-Sánchez L, López-Herrador S, Quinzii CM, Díaz-Casado ME, López LC. 4-Hydroxybenzoic acid rescues multisystemic disease and perinatal lethality in a mouse model of mitochondrial disease. Cell Rep 2024; 43:114148. [PMID: 38697100 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Coenzyme Q (CoQ) deficiency syndrome is conventionally treated with limited efficacy using exogenous CoQ10. Poor outcomes result from low absorption and bioavailability of CoQ10 and the clinical heterogenicity of the disease. Here, we demonstrate that supplementation with 4-hydroxybenzoic acid (4HB), the precursor of the benzoquinone ring in the CoQ biosynthetic pathway, completely rescues multisystemic disease and perinatal lethality in a mouse model of CoQ deficiency. 4HB stimulates endogenous CoQ biosynthesis in tissues of Coq2 mutant mice, normalizing mitochondrial function and rescuing cardiac insufficiency, edema, and neurodevelopmental delay. In contrast, exogenous CoQ10 supplementation falls short in fully restoring the phenotype. The treatment is translatable to human use, as proven by in vitro studies in skin fibroblasts from patients with pathogenic variants in COQ2. The therapeutic approach extends to other disorders characterized by deficiencies in the production of 4HB and early steps of CoQ biosynthesis and instances of secondary CoQ deficiency.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julia Corral-Sarasa
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain; Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Juan Manuel Martínez-Gálvez
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain; Biofisika Institute (CSIC, UBV-EHU) and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Basque Country, 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - Pilar González-García
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain; Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain; Instituto de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Universidad de Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Olivia Wendling
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, INSERM, CELPHEDIA, PHENOMIN, Institut Clinique de la Souris (ICS), 1 rue Laurent Fries, 67404 Illkirch, France
| | | | - Sergio López-Herrador
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain; Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain; Instituto de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Universidad de Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Catarina M Quinzii
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - María Elena Díaz-Casado
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain; Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain; Instituto de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Universidad de Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Luis C López
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain; Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain; Instituto de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Universidad de Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), 18016 Granada, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Vitvitsky V, Kumar R, Diessl J, Hanna DA, Banerjee R. Rapid HPLC method reveals dynamic shifts in coenzyme Q redox state. J Biol Chem 2024; 300:107301. [PMID: 38641068 PMCID: PMC11109469 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2024.107301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Ubiquinol or coenzyme Q (CoQ) is a lipid-soluble electron carrier in the respiratory chain and an electron acceptor for various enzymes in metabolic pathways that intersect at this cofactor hub in the mitochondrial inner membrane. The reduced form of CoQ is an antioxidant, which protects against lipid peroxidation. In this study, we have optimized a UV-detected HPLC method for CoQ analysis from biological materials, which involves a rapid single-step extraction into n-propanol followed by direct sample injection onto a column. Using this method, we have measured the oxidized, reduced, and total CoQ pools and monitored shifts in the CoQ redox status in response to cell culture conditions and bioenergetic perturbations. We find that hypoxia or sulfide exposure induces a reductive shift in the intracellular CoQ pool. The effect of hypoxia is, however, rapidly reversed by exposure to ambient air. Interventions at different loci in the electron transport chain can induce sizeable redox shifts in the oxidative or reductive direction, depending on whether they are up- or downstream of complex III. We have also used this method to confirm that CoQ levels are higher and more reduced in murine heart versus brain. In summary, the availability of a convenient HPLC-based method described herein will facilitate studies on CoQ redox dynamics in response to environmental, nutritional, and endogenous alterations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Victor Vitvitsky
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA; Center for Theoretical Problems of Physico-Chemical Pharmacology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Roshan Kumar
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Jutta Diessl
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - David A Hanna
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Ruma Banerjee
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Fišar Z, Hroudová J. CoQ 10 and Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Alzheimer's Disease. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:191. [PMID: 38397789 PMCID: PMC10885987 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13020191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The progress in understanding the pathogenesis and treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is based on the recognition of the primary causes of the disease, which can be deduced from the knowledge of risk factors and biomarkers measurable in the early stages of the disease. Insights into the risk factors and the time course of biomarker abnormalities point to a role for the connection of amyloid beta (Aβ) pathology, tau pathology, mitochondrial dysfunction, and oxidative stress in the onset and development of AD. Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) is a lipid antioxidant and electron transporter in the mitochondrial electron transport system. The availability and activity of CoQ10 is crucial for proper mitochondrial function and cellular bioenergetics. Based on the mitochondrial hypothesis of AD and the hypothesis of oxidative stress, the regulation of the efficiency of the oxidative phosphorylation system by means of CoQ10 can be considered promising in restoring the mitochondrial function impaired in AD, or in preventing the onset of mitochondrial dysfunction and the development of amyloid and tau pathology in AD. This review summarizes the knowledge on the pathophysiology of AD, in which CoQ10 may play a significant role, with the aim of evaluating the perspective of the pharmacotherapy of AD with CoQ10 and its analogues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zdeněk Fišar
- Department of Psychiatry, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Ke Karlovu 11, 120 00 Prague, Czech Republic;
| | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Fawzy El-Sayed KM, Cosgarea R, Sculean A, Doerfer C. Can vitamins improve periodontal wound healing/regeneration? Periodontol 2000 2024; 94:539-602. [PMID: 37592831 DOI: 10.1111/prd.12513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
Periodontitis is a complex inflammatory disorder of the tooth supporting structures, associated with microbial dysbiosis, and linked to a number if systemic conditions. Untreated it can result in an irreversible damage to the periodontal structures and eventually teeth loss. Regeneration of the lost periodontium requires an orchestration of a number of biological events on cellular and molecular level. In this context, a set of vitamins have been advocated, relying their beneficial physiological effects, to endorse the biological regenerative events of the periodontium on cellular and molecular levels. The aim of the present article is to elaborate on the question whether or not vitamins improve wound healing/regeneration, summarizing the current evidence from in vitro, animal and clinical studies, thereby shedding light on the knowledge gap in this field and highlighting future research needs. Although the present review demonstrates the current heterogeneity in the available evidence and knowledge gaps, findings suggest that vitamins, especially A, B, E, and CoQ10, as well as vitamin combinations, could exert positive attributes on the periodontal outcomes in adjunct to surgical or nonsurgical periodontal therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karim M Fawzy El-Sayed
- Oral Medicine and Periodontology Department, Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
- Clinic for Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, Christian Albrechts University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Raluca Cosgarea
- Department of Periodontology, Operative and Preventive Dentistry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Periodontology and Peri-implant Diseases, Philips University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
- Clinic for Prosthetic Dentistry, University Iuliu-Hatieganu, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Anton Sculean
- Department of Periodontology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Christof Doerfer
- Clinic for Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, Christian Albrechts University, Kiel, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Bjørklund G, Semenova Y, Gasmi A, Indika NLR, Hrynovets I, Lysiuk R, Lenchyk L, Uryr T, Yeromina H, Peana M. Coenzyme Q 10 for Enhancing Physical Activity and Extending the Human Life Cycle. Curr Med Chem 2024; 31:1804-1817. [PMID: 36852817 DOI: 10.2174/0929867330666230228103913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coenzyme Q (CoQ) is an enzyme family that plays a crucial role in maintaining the electron transport chain and antioxidant defense. CoQ10 is the most common form of CoQ in humans. A deficiency of CoQ10 occurs naturally with aging and may contribute to the development or progression of many diseases. Besides, certain drugs, in particular, statins and bisphosphonates, interfere with the enzymes responsible for CoQ10 biosynthesis and, thus, lead to CoQ10 deficiency. OBJECTIVES This article aims to evaluate the cumulative studies and insights on the topic of CoQ10 functions in human health, focusing on a potential role in maintaining physical activity and extending the life cycle. RESULTS Although supplementation with CoQ10 offers many benefits to patients with cardiovascular disease, it appears to add little value to patients suffering from statin-associated muscular symptoms. This may be attributed to substantial heterogeneity in doses and treatment regimens used. CONCLUSION Therefore, there is a need for further studies involving a greater number of patients to clarify the benefits of adjuvant therapy with CoQ10 in a range of health conditions and diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Geir Bjørklund
- Council for Nutritional and Environmental Medicine (CONEM), Mo i Rana, Norway
| | - Yuliya Semenova
- Department of Surgery, Nazarbayev University School of Medicine, Astana, Kazakhstan
| | - Amin Gasmi
- Société Francophone de Nutrithérapie et de Nutrigénétique Appliquée, Villeurbanne, France
| | | | - Ihor Hrynovets
- Department of Drug Technology and Biopharmaceutics, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine
- CONEM Ukraine Life Science Research Group, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Roman Lysiuk
- CONEM Ukraine Life Science Research Group, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Botany, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Botany, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Larysa Lenchyk
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technologies and Quality of Medicines, Institute for Advanced Training of Pharmacy Specialists, National University of Pharmacy, Kharkiv, Ukraine
- CONEM Ukraine Pharmacognosy and Natural Product Chemistry Research Group, National University of Pharmacy, Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - Taras Uryr
- CONEM Ukraine Pharmacognosy and Natural Product Chemistry Research Group, National University of Pharmacy, Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - Hanna Yeromina
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technologies and Quality of Medicines, Institute for Advanced Training of Pharmacy Specialists, National University of Pharmacy, Kharkiv, Ukraine
- CONEM Ukraine Pharmacognosy and Natural Product Chemistry Research Group, National University of Pharmacy, Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - Massimiliano Peana
- Department of Chemical, Physical, Mathematical and Natural Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari 07100, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Muvhulawa N, Mazibuko-Mbeje SE, Ndwandwe D, Silvestri S, Ziqubu K, Moetlediwa MT, Mthembu SXH, Marnewick JL, Van der Westhuizen FH, Nkambule BB, Basson AK, Tiano L, Dludla PV. Sarcopenia in a type 2 diabetic state: Reviewing literature on the pathological consequences of oxidative stress and inflammation beyond the neutralizing effect of intracellular antioxidants. Life Sci 2023; 332:122125. [PMID: 37769808 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Sarcopenia remains one of the major pathological features of type 2 diabetes (T2D), especially in older individuals. This condition describes gradual loss of muscle mass, strength, and function that reduces the overall vitality and fitness, leading to increased hospitalizations and even fatalities to those affected. Preclinical evidence indicates that dysregulated mitochondrial dynamics, together with impaired activity of the NADPH oxidase system, are the major sources of oxidative stress that drive skeletal muscle damage in T2D. While patients with T2D also display relatively higher levels of circulating inflammatory markers in the serum, including high sensitivity-C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α that are independently linked with the deterioration of muscle function and sarcopenia in T2D. In fact, beyond reporting on the pathological consequences of both oxidative stress and inflammation, the current review highlights the importance of strengthening intracellular antioxidant systems to preserve muscle mass, strength, and function in individuals with T2D.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ndivhuwo Muvhulawa
- Cochrane South Africa, South African Medical Research Council, Tygerberg 7505, South Africa; Department of Biochemistry, North-West University, Mafikeng Campus, Mmabatho 2735, South Africa
| | | | - Duduzile Ndwandwe
- Cochrane South Africa, South African Medical Research Council, Tygerberg 7505, South Africa
| | - Sonia Silvestri
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona 60131, Italy
| | - Khanyisani Ziqubu
- Department of Biochemistry, North-West University, Mafikeng Campus, Mmabatho 2735, South Africa
| | - Marakiya T Moetlediwa
- Department of Biochemistry, North-West University, Mafikeng Campus, Mmabatho 2735, South Africa
| | | | - Jeanine L Marnewick
- Applied Microbial and Health Biotechnology Institute, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Bellville 7535, South Africa
| | | | - Bongani B Nkambule
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4000, South Africa
| | - Albertus K Basson
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Zululand, KwaDlangezwa 3886, South Africa
| | - Luca Tiano
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona 60131, Italy
| | - Phiwayinkosi V Dludla
- Cochrane South Africa, South African Medical Research Council, Tygerberg 7505, South Africa; Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Zululand, KwaDlangezwa 3886, South Africa.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Naspinska R, Moreira da Silva MH, Moreira da Silva F. Current Advances in Bovine In Vitro Maturation and Embryo Production Using Different Antioxidants: A Review. J Dev Biol 2023; 11:36. [PMID: 37754838 PMCID: PMC10532407 DOI: 10.3390/jdb11030036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
In vitro maturation (IVM) is one of the most important steps in in vitro embryo production (IVEP). It is a complicated procedure in which nuclear and cytoplasmatic changes in oocytes appear. In order to carry out the in vitro maturation procedure correctly, it is necessary to provide the oocytes with as close to a natural (in vivo) environment as possible. Many factors contribute to the overall poor quality of in vitro-matured oocytes. One important factor may be oxidative stress (OS). The generation of oxidants, such as reactive oxygen species, is common under culture conditions. The solution for OC treatment and prevention is antioxidants. In the last 5 years, many studies have examined different antioxidants and their effects on in vitro maturation of oocytes and embryo production. The aim of this systematic review was to present the achievements of scientific research in the last five years, in which the effects of many antioxidants were tested on bovine oocyte maturation and embryo production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Fernando Moreira da Silva
- Animal Reproduction, Centro de Investigação e Tecnologia Agrária dos Açores IITA-A, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of the Azores, 9701-851 Angra do Heroísmo, Portugal; (R.N.); (M.H.M.d.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Meka AK, Gopalakrishna A, Iriarte-Mesa C, Rewatkar P, Qu Z, Wu X, Cao Y, Prasadam I, Janjua TI, Kleitz F, Kumeria T, Popat A. Influence of Pore Size and Surface Functionalization of Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles on the Solubility and Antioxidant Activity of Confined Coenzyme Q10. Mol Pharm 2023. [PMID: 37216314 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.3c00017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Coenzyme Q10 is a potent antioxidant that plays an important role in the maintenance of various biochemical pathways of the body and has a wide range of therapeutic applications. However, it has low aqueous solubility and oral bioavailability. Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MCM-41 and SBA-15 types) exhibiting varying pore sizes and modified with phosphonate and amino groups were used to study the influence of pore structure and surface chemistry on the solubility, in vitro release profile, and intracellular ROS inhibition activity of coenzyme Q10. The particles were thoroughly characterized to confirm the morphology, size, pore profile, functionalization, and drug loading. Surface modification with phosphonate functional groups was found to have the strongest impact on the solubility enhancement of coenzyme Q10 when compared to that of pristine and amino-modified particles. Phosphonate-modified MCM-41 nanoparticles (i.e., MCM-41-PO3) induced significantly higher coenzyme Q10 solubility than the other particles studied. Furthermore, MCM-41-PO3 led to a twofold decrease in ROS generation in human chondrocyte cells (C28/I2), compared to the free drug in a DMSO/DMEM mixture. The results confirmed the significant contribution of small pore size and negative surface charge of MSNs that enable coenzyme Q10 confinement to allow enhanced drug solubility and antioxidant activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anand Kumar Meka
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba QLD 4102, Australia
| | | | - Claudia Iriarte-Mesa
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry - Functional Materials, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Vienna Doctoral School in Chemistry (DoSChem), University of Vienna, Währinger Str. 42, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Prarthana Rewatkar
- Center for Biomedical Technologies, School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove Campus, Brisbane QLD 4059, Australia
| | - Zhi Qu
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba QLD 4102, Australia
| | - Xiaoxin Wu
- Center for Biomedical Technologies, School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove Campus, Brisbane QLD 4059, Australia
| | - Yuxue Cao
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba QLD 4102, Australia
| | - Indira Prasadam
- Center for Biomedical Technologies, School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove Campus, Brisbane QLD 4059, Australia
| | - Taskeen Iqbal Janjua
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba QLD 4102, Australia
| | - Freddy Kleitz
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry - Functional Materials, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Tushar Kumeria
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba QLD 4102, Australia
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Amirali Popat
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba QLD 4102, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Kubo H, Yamamoto Y, Fujisawa A. Orally ingested ubiquinol-10 or ubiquinone-10 reaches the intestinal tract and is absorbed by the small intestine of mice mostly in its original form. J Clin Biochem Nutr 2023; 72:101-106. [PMID: 36936872 PMCID: PMC10017323 DOI: 10.3164/jcbn.22-91] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) is an important lipid-soluble antioxidant and an essential component of the mitochondria. The oral bioavailability of the reduced form of CoQ10, ubiquinol-10, has been reported to be greater than that of the oxidized form of CoQ10, ubiquinone-10, in some studies. In contrast, it has also been highlighted that the oral bioavailability of ubiquinol-10 is not superior to that of ubiquinone-10 because ubiquinol-10 may be oxidized during digestion. In fact, it has not been shown which form of CoQ10 exists in the process from oral intake to absorption in the gastrointestinal tract. In this study, the amounts of ubiquinol-10 and ubiquinone-10 were measured in the gastrointestinal content and small intestine tissue after oral administration of ubiquinol-10 or ubiquinone-10 to C57BL/6J mice. The form of CoQ10 detected in the gastrointestinal content and small intestine tissue was almost the same as that when administered orally. The results of our study suggested that the orally administered ubiquinol-10 and ubiquinone-10 mostly reached the small intestine without oxidizing to ubiquinone-10 and reducing to ubiquinol-10, and both were absorbed by the small intestine tissue in almost their original forms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Kubo
- School of Bionics, Tokyo University of Technology, 1404-1 Katakura-machi, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0982, Japan
- Pharmacology & Toxicology Research Team, Bio-Pharma Research Laboratories, Kaneka Corporation, 1-8 Miyamae-cho, Takasago-cho, Takasago, Hyogo 676-8688, Japan
- To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail:
| | - Yorihiro Yamamoto
- School of Bionics, Tokyo University of Technology, 1404-1 Katakura-machi, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0982, Japan
| | - Akio Fujisawa
- School of Bionics, Tokyo University of Technology, 1404-1 Katakura-machi, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0982, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Zozina VI, Shikh EV, Kondratenko SN, Melnikov ES, Kukes VG. The effect of coenzyme Q10 as a part of standard therapy on plasma concentrations of ubiquinol, ubiquinone, total CoQ10 and its redox state in patients with ischemic heart disease. Curr Drug Metab 2022; 23:CDM-EPUB-127761. [PMID: 36420876 DOI: 10.2174/1389200224666221123092256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite CoQ10 being a powerful antioxidant and its redox state that may characterize the body's antioxidant system, the latter remains unstudied in patients with cardiovascular diseases. OBJECTIVE This prospective case-control study aimed to investigate the concentrations of ubiquinol, ubiquinone, total CoQ10 and its redox state in patients with ischemic heart disease (IHD) and arterial hypertension (AH) during standard therapy and with the additional prescription of CoQ10. METHODS The study included 54 healthy individuals and 26 patients, who were divided into a control group receiving standard therapy and a test group receiving CoQ10 in addition to standard therapy. Quantitative determination of COQ10, ubiquinone and ubiquinol was carried out by HPLC-MS/MS. RESULTS It was found that the CoQ10 level in patients was significantly lower than in healthy individuals (on average -32Δ%). In the test group, after treatment, the concentrations of ubiquinol (+53 Δ%), ubiquinone (-28 Δ%), total CoQ10 (+27 Δ%) and redox state (+112 Δ%) were significantly different from the baseline, while in the control group no significant differences were noticed. In the test group after treatment, the levels of total CoQ10 (+25 Δ%), ubiquinol (+43 Δ%), and redox state (+86 Δ%) were statistically significantly higher than in the control group and total CoQ10 concentration did not significantly differ from that in healthy individuals (-12 Δ%). CONCLUSION The additional prescription of CoQ10 for patients with IHD significantly increases the level of total CoQ10, which leads to the increase of body antioxidant potential .
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- V I Zozina
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Propaedeutics of Internal Diseases (Head - Prof. E.V. Shikh), Russian Federation, Moscow
| | - E V Shikh
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Propaedeutics of Internal Diseases (Head - Prof. E.V. Shikh), Russian Federation, Moscow
| | - S N Kondratenko
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Propaedeutics of Internal Diseases (Head - Prof. E.V. Shikh), Russian Federation, Moscow
| | - E S Melnikov
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, A.P. Arzamastsev Department of Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Chemistry, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Russian Federation, Moscow
| | - V G Kukes
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Propaedeutics of Internal Diseases (Head - Prof. E.V. Shikh), Russian Federation, Moscow
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
The Use of the Coenzyme Q 10 as a Food Supplement in the Management of Fibromyalgia: A Critical Review. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11101969. [PMID: 36290691 PMCID: PMC9598746 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11101969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The coenzyme Q10 is a naturally occurring benzoquinone derivative widely prescribed as a food supplement for different physical conditions and pathologies. This review aims to sum up the key structural and functional characteristics of Q10, taking stock of its use in people affected by fibromyalgia. A thorough survey has been conducted, using Pubmed, Scifinder, and ClinicalTrials.gov as the reference research applications and registry database, respectively. Original articles, reviews, and editorials published within the last 15 years, as well as open clinical investigations in the field, if any, were analyzed to point out the lights and shadows of this kind of supplementation as they emerge from the literature.
Collapse
|
13
|
Mine Y, Takahashi T, Okamoto T. Stimulatory effects of collagen production induced by coenzyme Q 10 in cultured skin fibroblasts. J Clin Biochem Nutr 2022; 71:29-33. [PMID: 35903610 PMCID: PMC9309083 DOI: 10.3164/jcbn.20-187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) is a well-known antioxidant and serves as an essential carrier for electron transport and proton translocation in the mitochondrial respiratory chain. CoQ10 has been widely commercially available in Japan as a dietary and health supplement since 2001 and it is used for the prevention of lifestyle-related diseases induced by aging. Recently, it was stated that for Japan, which is facing an aging society, CoQ10 has been used in many skincare products. However, the physiological actions of CoQ10 in skin fibroblasts are not fully understood. In this study, we examined the effect of CoQ10 on cultured human skin fibroblast. In this study, CoQ10 treatment increased intracellular CoQ10 level and promoted proliferation of fibroblasts. In addition, CoQ10 increased mRNA expression of type I, IV, VII collagen, elastin, and HSP47, whereas CoQ10 has little effect on mRNA of type II and VIII MMP. These results suggested that CoQ10 has the efficacy that it increases collagen production in skin, thereby there is possible of the anti-aging by CoQ10 in Japan which reached an aging society, so that it might be based on new physiological function by CoQ10.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yukitoshi Mine
- Division of Health Sciences and Social Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kobe Gakuin University
| | - Takayuki Takahashi
- Division of Health Sciences and Social Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kobe Gakuin University
| | - Tadashi Okamoto
- Division of Health Sciences and Social Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kobe Gakuin University
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Mareev VY, Mareev YV, Begrambekova YL. [Coenzyme Q-10 in the treatment of patients with chronic heart failure and reduced left ventricular ejection fraction: systematic review and meta-analysis]. KARDIOLOGIIA 2022; 62:3-14. [PMID: 35834336 DOI: 10.18087/cardio.2022.6.n2050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Aim The aim of the study was evaluation of the effect of the coenzyme Q10 (Q10) treatment on all-cause and cardiovascular mortality of patients with chronic heart failure (CHF). Q-10 increases the electron transfer in the mitochondrial respiratory chain and exerts anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. These effects improve the endothelial function and reduce afterload, which facilitates the heart pumping function. Patients with reduced left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction (EF) (CHFrEF) have low Q10.Material and methods Criteria of inclusion in the meta-analysis: 1) placebo-controlled studies; 2) enrollment of at least 100 patients; 3) publications after 2010, which implies an optimal basic therapy for CHF; 4) duration of at least 6 months; 5) reported cardiovascular and/or all-cause mortality; 6) using sufficient doses of Q10 (>100 mg/day). The search was performed in CENTRAL, MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, E-library, and ClinicalTrials.gov databases. All-cause mortality was the primary efficacy endpoint in this systematic review and the meta-analysis. The secondary endpoint was cardiovascular mortality. Meta-analysis was performed according to the Mantel-Haenszel methods. The Cochrane criterion (I2) was used for evaluation of statistical heterogeneity. The random effects model was used at I2≥50 %, whereas the fixed effects model was used at I2<50.Results Analysis of studies published from 01.01.2011 to 01.12.2021 identified 357 publications, 23 of which corresponded to the study topic, but only 6 (providing results of four randomized clinical trials, RCT) completely met the predefined criteria. The final analysis included results of managing 1139 patients (586 received Q10 and 553 received placebo). Risk of all-cause death was analyzed by data of four RCTs (1139 patients). The decrease in the risk associated with the Q10 treatment was 36 % (OR=0.64, 95 % CI 0.48-0.87, р=0.004). The heterogeneity of studies was low (Chi2=0.84; p=0.84; I2=0 %). Risk of cardiovascular mortality was analyzed by data of two RCTs (863 patients). The decrease in the risk associated with the Q10 treatment was significant, 55% (OR=0.45, 95 % CI: 0.32-0.64, р=0.00001). In this case, the data heterogeneity was also low (Chi2=0.41; p=0.52; I2=0 %).Conclusion The meta-analysis confirmed the beneficial effect of coenzyme Q10 on the prognosis of patients with CHFrEF receiving the recommended basic therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- V Yu Mareev
- Medical Research and Educational Center, Lomonosov Moscow State University; School of Fundamental Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University
| | - Yu V Mareev
- Medical Research and Educational Center, Lomonosov Moscow State University; National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine
| | - Yu L Begrambekova
- Medical Research and Educational Center, Lomonosov Moscow State University; School of Fundamental Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Abstract
Significance: Aging is a natural process that affects most living organisms, resulting in increased mortality. As the world population ages, the prevalence of age-associated diseases, and their associated health care costs, has increased sharply. A better understanding of the molecular mechanisms that lead to cellular dysfunction may provide important targets for interventions to prevent or treat these diseases. Recent Advances: Although the mitochondrial theory of aging had been proposed more than 40 years ago, recent new data have given stronger support for a central role for mitochondrial dysfunction in several pathways that are deregulated during normal aging and age-associated disease. Critical Issues: Several of the experimental evidence linking mitochondrial alterations to age-associated loss of function are correlative and mechanistic insights are still elusive. Here, we review how mitochondrial dysfunction may be involved in many of the known hallmarks of aging, and how these pathways interact in an intricate net of molecular relationships. Future Directions: As it has become clear that mitochondrial dysfunction plays causative roles in normal aging and age-associated diseases, it is necessary to better define the molecular interactions and the temporal and causal relationship between these changes and the relevant phenotypes seen during the aging process. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 36, 824-843.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Caio M P F Batalha
- Lab. Genética Mitocondrial, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Anibal Eugênio Vercesi
- Departamento de Patologia Clínica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Nadja C Souza-Pinto
- Lab. Genética Mitocondrial, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Awad K, Sayed A, Banach M. Coenzyme Q10 Reduces Infarct Size in Animal Models of Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury: A Meta-Analysis and Summary of Underlying Mechanisms. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:857364. [PMID: 35498032 PMCID: PMC9053645 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.857364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Effective interventions that might limit myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury are still lacking. Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) may exert cardioprotective actions that reduce myocardial I/R injury. We conducted this meta-analysis to assess the potential cardioprotective effect of CoQ10 in animal models of myocardial I/R injury. Methods We searched PubMed and Embase databases from inception to February 2022 to identify animal studies that compared the effect of CoQ10 with vehicle treatment or no treatment on myocardial infarct size in models of myocardial I/R injury. Means and standard deviations of the infarct size measurements were pooled as the weighted mean difference with 95% confidence interval (CI) using the random-effects model. Subgroup analyses were also conducted according to animals' species, models' type, and reperfusion time. Results Six animal studies (4 in vivo and 2 ex vivo) with 116 animals were included. Pooled analysis suggested that CoQ10 significantly reduced myocardial infarct size by −11.36% (95% CI: −16.82, −5.90, p < 0.0001, I2 = 94%) compared with the control group. The significance of the pooled effect estimate was maintained in rats, Hartley guinea pigs, and Yorkshire pigs. However, it became insignificant in the subgroup of rabbits −5.29% (95% CI: −27.83, 17.26; I2 = 87%). Furthermore, CoQ10 significantly reduced the myocardial infarct size regardless of model type (either in vivo or ex vivo) and reperfusion time (either ≤ 4 h or >4 h). Conclusion Coenzyme Q10 significantly decreased myocardial infarct size by 11.36% compared with the control group in animal models of myocardial I/R injury. This beneficial action was retained regardless of model type and reperfusion time.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kamal Awad
- Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
- Zagazig University Hospitals, Zagazig, Egypt
- *Correspondence: Kamal Awad
| | - Ahmed Sayed
- Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Maciej Banach
- Department of Preventive Cardiology and Lipidology, Chair of Nephrology and Hypertension, Medical University of Lodz (MUL), Lodz, Poland
- Department of Cardiology and Adult Congenital Heart Diseases, Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital Research Institute (PMMHRI), Lodz, Poland
- Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Zielona Gora, Zielona Gora, Poland
- Maciej Banach
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Pallotti F, Bergamini C, Lamperti C, Fato R. The Roles of Coenzyme Q in Disease: Direct and Indirect Involvement in Cellular Functions. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 23:128. [PMID: 35008564 PMCID: PMC8745647 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23010128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Coenzyme Q (CoQ) is a key component of the respiratory chain of all eukaryotic cells. Its function is closely related to mitochondrial respiration, where it acts as an electron transporter. However, the cellular functions of coenzyme Q are multiple: it is present in all cell membranes, limiting the toxic effect of free radicals, it is a component of LDL, it is involved in the aging process, and its deficiency is linked to several diseases. Recently, it has been proposed that coenzyme Q contributes to suppressing ferroptosis, a type of iron-dependent programmed cell death characterized by lipid peroxidation. In this review, we report the latest hypotheses and theories analyzing the multiple functions of coenzyme Q. The complete knowledge of the various cellular CoQ functions is essential to provide a rational basis for its possible therapeutic use, not only in diseases characterized by primary CoQ deficiency, but also in large number of diseases in which its secondary deficiency has been found.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Pallotti
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università Degli Studi dell’Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy
- SSD Laboratorio Analisi-SMEL Specializzato in Citogenetica e Genetica Medica, ASST Settelaghi-Ospedale di Circolo-Fondazione Macchi, 21100 Varese, Italy
| | - Christian Bergamini
- Dipartimento di Farmacia e Biotecnologie, FABIT, Università Degli Studi di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Costanza Lamperti
- UO Genetica Medica e Neurogenetica Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico C. Besta, 20133 Milano, Italy;
| | - Romana Fato
- Dipartimento di Farmacia e Biotecnologie, FABIT, Università Degli Studi di Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy;
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Liu Z, Li Y, Li C, Yu L, Chang Y, Qu M. Delivery of coenzyme Q10 with mitochondria-targeted nanocarrier attenuates renal ischemia-reperfusion injury in mice. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2021; 131:112536. [PMID: 34857313 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2021.112536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury causes high morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs. I/R induces acute kidney injury through exacerbating the mitochondrial damage and increasing inflammatory and oxidative responses. Here, we developed the mitochondria-targeted nanocarrier to delivery of Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) for renal I/R treatment in animal model. The mitochondria-targeted TPP CoQ10 nanoparticles (T-NPCoQ10) were synthesized through ABC miktoarm polymers method and characterized by dynamic light scattering (DLS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The I/R mouse model and oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion (D/R) model were created to examine the role of T-NPCoQ10 on renal I/R. Mitochondrial DNA damage, apoptosis, and inflammatory cytokines were measured in I/R injury mice. Plasma creatinine, urea nitrogen, tubular injury score was tested to assess the renal function. T-NPCoQ10 nanoparticles could be delivered to renal mitochondria preciously and efficiently. T-NPCoQ10 administration attenuated oxidative injury in both cell and animal models significantly, alleviated mtDNA damage, suppressed inflammatory and apoptotic responses, and improved renal function. The mitochondria specific CoQ10 delivery provided a precious and efficient method for protecting inflammatory and oxidative responses of I/R-induced renal damage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhaohui Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Teaching Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Cangzhou 061000, Hebei, China.
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Teaching Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Cangzhou 061000, Hebei, China
| | - Chunlei Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Teaching Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Cangzhou 061000, Hebei, China
| | - Lili Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Teaching Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Cangzhou 061000, Hebei, China
| | - Yulin Chang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Teaching Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Cangzhou 061000, Hebei, China
| | - Min Qu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Teaching Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Cangzhou 061000, Hebei, China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Villanueva JE, Chew HC, Gao L, Doyle A, Scheuer SE, Hicks M, Jabbour A, Dhital KK, Macdonald PS. The Effect of Increasing Donor Age on Myocardial Ischemic Tolerance in a Rodent Model of Donation After Circulatory Death. Transplant Direct 2021; 7:e699. [PMID: 34036169 PMCID: PMC8133134 DOI: 10.1097/txd.0000000000001148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Hearts from older donors or procured via donation after circulatory death (DCD) can alleviate transplant waitlist; however, these hearts are particularly vulnerable to injury caused by warm ischemic times (WITs) inherent to DCD. This study investigates how the combination of increasing donor age and pharmacologic supplementation affects the ischemic tolerance and functional recovery of DCD hearts and how age impacts cardiac mitochondrial respiratory capacity and oxidative phosphorylation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeanette E Villanueva
- Physiology and Transplantation, Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine, St Vincent's Clinical School, University of New South Wales Sydney, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - Hong C Chew
- Physiology and Transplantation, Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia
| | - Ling Gao
- Physiology and Transplantation, Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia
| | - Aoife Doyle
- Physiology and Transplantation, Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia
| | - Sarah E Scheuer
- Physiology and Transplantation, Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine, St Vincent's Clinical School, University of New South Wales Sydney, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - Mark Hicks
- Physiology and Transplantation, Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia.,Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, St Vincent's Hospital, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia
| | - Andrew Jabbour
- Physiology and Transplantation, Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine, St Vincent's Clinical School, University of New South Wales Sydney, Randwick, NSW, Australia.,Heart and Lung Transplant Unit, St Vincent's Hospital, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia
| | - Kumud K Dhital
- Physiology and Transplantation, Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia
| | - Peter S Macdonald
- Physiology and Transplantation, Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine, St Vincent's Clinical School, University of New South Wales Sydney, Randwick, NSW, Australia.,Heart and Lung Transplant Unit, St Vincent's Hospital, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Testai L, Martelli A, Flori L, Cicero AFG, Colletti A. Coenzyme Q 10: Clinical Applications beyond Cardiovascular Diseases. Nutrients 2021; 13:1697. [PMID: 34067632 PMCID: PMC8156424 DOI: 10.3390/nu13051697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) is an essential cofactor in oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), present in mitochondria and cell membranes in reduced and oxidized forms. Acting as an energy transfer molecule, it occurs in particularly high levels in the liver, heart, and kidneys. CoQ10 is also an anti-inflammatory and antioxidant agent able to prevent the damage induced by free radicals and the activation of inflammatory signaling pathways. In this context, several studies have shown the possible inverse correlation between the blood levels of CoQ10 and some disease conditions. Interestingly, beyond cardiovascular diseases, CoQ10 is involved also in neuronal and muscular degenerative diseases, in migraine and in cancer; therefore, the supplementation with CoQ10 could represent a viable option to prevent these and in some cases might be used as an adjuvant to conventional treatments. This review is aimed to summarize the clinical applications regarding the use of CoQ10 in migraine, neurodegenerative diseases (including Parkinson and Alzheimer diseases), cancer, or degenerative muscle disorders (such as multiple sclerosis and chronic fatigue syndrome), analyzing its effect on patients' health and quality of life.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lara Testai
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 56120 Pisa, Italy; (A.M.); (L.F.)
- Interdepartmental Research Centre ‘‘Nutraceuticals and Food for Health (NUTRAFOOD)’’, University of Pisa, 56120 Pisa, Italy
- Interdepartmental Research Centre of Ageing, Biology and Pathology, University of Pisa, 56120 Pisa, Italy
| | - Alma Martelli
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 56120 Pisa, Italy; (A.M.); (L.F.)
- Interdepartmental Research Centre ‘‘Nutraceuticals and Food for Health (NUTRAFOOD)’’, University of Pisa, 56120 Pisa, Italy
- Interdepartmental Research Centre of Ageing, Biology and Pathology, University of Pisa, 56120 Pisa, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Flori
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 56120 Pisa, Italy; (A.M.); (L.F.)
| | - Arrigo F. G. Cicero
- Medical and Surgical Sciences Department, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy;
- Italian Nutraceutical Society (SINut), 40138 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Alessandro Colletti
- Italian Nutraceutical Society (SINut), 40138 Bologna, Italy;
- Department of Science and Drug Technology, University of Turin, 10125 Turin, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Yuan S, Schmidt HM, Wood KC, Straub AC. CoenzymeQ in cellular redox regulation and clinical heart failure. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 167:321-334. [PMID: 33753238 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Coenzyme Q (CoQ) is ubiquitously embedded in lipid bilayers of various cellular organelles. As a redox cycler, CoQ shuttles electrons between mitochondrial complexes and extramitochondrial reductases and oxidases. In this way, CoQ is crucial for maintaining the mitochondrial function, ATP synthesis, and redox homeostasis. Cardiomyocytes have a high metabolic rate and rely heavily on mitochondria to provide energy. CoQ levels, in both plasma and the heart, correlate with heart failure in patients, indicating that CoQ is critical for cardiac function. Moreover, CoQ supplementation in clinics showed promising results for treating heart failure. This review provides a comprehensive view of CoQ metabolism and its interaction with redox enzymes and reactive species. We summarize the clinical trials and applications of CoQ in heart failure and discuss the caveats and future directions to improve CoQ therapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Yuan
- Heart, Lung, Blood and Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Heidi M Schmidt
- Heart, Lung, Blood and Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Katherine C Wood
- Heart, Lung, Blood and Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Adam C Straub
- Heart, Lung, Blood and Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Hydrogen Sulfide: Novel Endogenous and Exogenous Modulator of Oxidative Stress in Retinal Degeneration Diseases. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26092411. [PMID: 33919146 PMCID: PMC8122398 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26092411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress (OS) damage can cause significant injury to cells, which is related to the occurrence and development of many diseases. This pathological process is considered to be the first step to trigger the death of outer retinal neurons, which is related to the pathology of retinal degenerative diseases. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has recently received widespread attention as a physiological signal molecule and gas neuromodulator and plays an important role in regulating OS in eyes. In this article, we reviewed the OS responses and regulatory mechanisms of H2S and its donors as endogenous and exogenous regulators in retinal degenerative diseases. Understanding the relevant mechanisms will help to identify the therapeutic potential of H2S in retinal degenerative diseases.
Collapse
|
23
|
Mollazadeh H, Tavana E, Fanni G, Bo S, Banach M, Pirro M, von Haehling S, Jamialahmadi T, Sahebkar A. Effects of statins on mitochondrial pathways. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2021; 12:237-251. [PMID: 33511728 PMCID: PMC8061391 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.12654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Statins are a family of drugs that are used for treating hyperlipidaemia with a recognized capacity to prevent cardiovascular disease events. They inhibit β-hydroxy β-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase, i.e. the rate-limiting enzyme in mevalonate pathway, reduce endogenous cholesterol synthesis, and increase low-density lipoprotein clearance by promoting low-density lipoprotein receptor expression mainly in the hepatocytes. Statins have pleiotropic effects including stabilization of atherosclerotic plaques, immunomodulation, anti-inflammatory properties, improvement of endothelial function, antioxidant, and anti-thrombotic action. Despite all beneficial effects, statins may elicit adverse reactions such as myopathy. Studies have shown that mitochondria play an important role in statin-induced myopathies. In this review, we aim to report the mechanisms of action of statins on mitochondrial function. Results have shown that statins have several effects on mitochondria including reduction of coenzyme Q10 level, inhibition of respiratory chain complexes, induction of mitochondrial apoptosis, dysregulation of Ca2+ metabolism, and carnitine palmitoyltransferase-2 expression. The use of statins has been associated with the onset of additional pathological conditions like diabetes and dementia as a result of interference with mitochondrial pathways by various mechanisms, such as reduction in mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation, increase in oxidative stress, decrease in uncoupling protein 3 concentration, and interference in amyloid-β metabolism. Overall, data reported in this review suggest that statins may have major effects on mitochondrial function, and some of their adverse effects might be mediated through mitochondrial pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hamid Mollazadeh
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of MedicineNorth Khorasan University of Medical SciencesBojnurdIran
- Natural Products and Medicinal Plants Research CenterNorth Khorasan University of Medical SciencesBojnurdIran
| | - Erfan Tavana
- Student Research Committee, School of MedicineNorth Khorasan University of Medical SciencesBojnurdIran
| | - Giovanni Fanni
- Department of Medical SciencesUniversity of TurinTurinItaly
| | - Simona Bo
- Department of Medical Sciences, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di TorinoUniversity of TurinTurinItaly
| | - Maciej Banach
- Department of HypertensionWAM University Hospital in LodzMedical University of Lodz, LodzPoland
- Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital Research Institute (PMMHRI), LodzPoland
| | - Matteo Pirro
- Unit of Internal Medicine, Angiology and Arteriosclerosis Diseases, Department of MedicineUniversity of PerugiaPerugiaItaly
| | - Stephan von Haehling
- Department of Cardiology and PneumologyUniversity Medical Center GöttingenGöttingenGermany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site GöttingenGöttingenGermany
| | - Tannaz Jamialahmadi
- Department of Food Science and TechnologyIslamic Azad UniversityQuchanQuchanIran
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of MedicineMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology InstituteMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
- Neurogenic Inflammation Research CenterMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
- Halal Research Center of IRIFDATehranIran
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Fontaine F, Legallois D, Créveuil C, Chtourou M, Coulbault L, Milliez P, Hodzic A, Saloux E, Beygui F, Allouche S. Is plasma concentration of coenzyme Q10 a predictive marker for left ventricular remodelling after revascularization for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction? Ann Clin Biochem 2021; 58:327-334. [PMID: 33622041 DOI: 10.1177/00045632211001100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Left ventricular remodelling that frequently occurs after acute myocardial infarction is associated with an increased risk of heart failure and cardiovascular death. Although several risk factors have been identified, there is still no marker in clinical use to predict left ventricular remodelling. Plasma concentration of coenzyme Q10, which plays a key role in mitochondrial energy production and as an antioxidant, seems to be negatively correlated with left ventricular function after acute myocardial infarction. OBJECTIVE The goal of our study was to determine whether the plasma coenzyme Q10 baseline concentrations at time of the ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) could predict left ventricular remodelling at six months' follow-up. METHODS Sixty-eight patients who were admitted to hospital for STEMI and successfully revascularized with primary percutaneous coronary intervention were recruited. All patients underwent a 3D-echocardiography examination within the first four days after percutaneous coronary intervention and six months later then divided into two groups based on the presence or not of left ventricular remodelling. Plasma coenzyme Q10 concentration at the time of percutaneous coronary intervention was determined using high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. RESULTS While we found similar plasma coenzyme Q10 concentrations compared with other studies, no association was evidenced between coenzyme Q10 concentrations and left ventricular remodelling (P = 0.89). CONCLUSION We found no evidence for using plasma coenzyme Q10 concentration as an early prediction marker of left ventricular remodelling after STEMI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fanny Fontaine
- Department of Biochemistry, University Hospital of Caen, Caen, France
| | - Damien Legallois
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital of Caen, Caen, France.,Department of Signalisation, Électrophysiologie et Imagerie des Lésions d'Ischémie-Reperfusion Myocardique EA4650, Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, Caen, France
| | - Christian Créveuil
- Department of Biostatistics and Clinical Research, University Hospital of Caen, Caen, France
| | - Mohamed Chtourou
- Department of Biochemistry, University Hospital of Caen, Caen, France
| | - Laurent Coulbault
- Department of Biochemistry, University Hospital of Caen, Caen, France.,Department of Signalisation, Électrophysiologie et Imagerie des Lésions d'Ischémie-Reperfusion Myocardique EA4650, Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, Caen, France
| | - Paul Milliez
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital of Caen, Caen, France.,Department of Signalisation, Électrophysiologie et Imagerie des Lésions d'Ischémie-Reperfusion Myocardique EA4650, Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, Caen, France
| | - Amir Hodzic
- Department of Clinical Physiology, INSERM Comete, Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, Caen, France
| | - Eric Saloux
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital of Caen, Caen, France.,Department of Signalisation, Électrophysiologie et Imagerie des Lésions d'Ischémie-Reperfusion Myocardique EA4650, Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, Caen, France
| | - Farzin Beygui
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital of Caen, Caen, France.,Department of Signalisation, Électrophysiologie et Imagerie des Lésions d'Ischémie-Reperfusion Myocardique EA4650, Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, Caen, France
| | - Stéphane Allouche
- Department of Biochemistry, University Hospital of Caen, Caen, France.,Department of Signalisation, Électrophysiologie et Imagerie des Lésions d'Ischémie-Reperfusion Myocardique EA4650, Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, Caen, France
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Marcheggiani F, Kordes S, Cirilli I, Orlando P, Silvestri S, Vogelsang A, Möller N, Blatt T, Weise JM, Damiani E, Tiano L. Anti-ageing effects of ubiquinone and ubiquinol in a senescence model of human dermal fibroblasts. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 165:282-288. [PMID: 33482334 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.01.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) is an endogenous lipophilic quinone found in equilibrium between its oxidised (ubiquinone) and reduced (ubiquinol) form, ubiquitous in biological membranes and endowed with antioxidant and bioenergetic properties, both crucial to the ageing process. CoQ10 biosynthesis decreases with age in different tissues including skin and its biosynthesis can be modulated by 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitors such as statins. Statin-induced CoQ10 deprivation has previously been shown to be associated with the development of a senescence phenotype in cultured human dermal fibroblasts (HDF), hence this model was used to further investigate the role of CoQ10 in skin ageing. The present study aimed to compare the bioavailability of exogenously added CoQ10, in the form of ubiquinone or ubiquinol, to CoQ10-deprived HDF, and to determine their efficacy in rescuing the senescent phenotype induced by CoQ10 deprivation. First, additional senescence markers were implemented to further support the pro-ageing effect of statin-induced CoQ10 deprivation in HDF. Indeed, numerous senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) markers such as p21, IL-8, CXCL1, and MMP-1 were upregulated, whereas components of the extracellular matrix were downregulated (elastin, collagen type 1). Next, we showed that CoQ10 supplementation to statin-treated HDF was able to counteract CoQ10 deprivation and rescued the development of selected senescence/ageing markers in HDF. Ubiquinol resulted more bioavailable than ubiquinone at the same concentration (15 μg/mL) and it significantly improved the cellular oxidative status even within isolated mitochondria highlighting an effective subcellular delivery. Ubiquinol was also more efficient compared to ubiquinone in reverting the expression of the senescent phenotype, quantified in terms of β-galactosidase positivity, p21, collagen type 1, and elastin at the gene and protein expression levels. In conclusion, our results highlight the pivotal role of CoQ10 for skin vitality and strongly support the use of both forms as a beneficial and effective anti-ageing skin care treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Marcheggiani
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, Ancona, I-60131, Italy.
| | - Sebastian Kordes
- Research and Development, Beiersdorf AG, Unnastrasse 48, Hamburg, 20245, Germany.
| | - Ilenia Cirilli
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, Ancona, I-60131, Italy; School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Via Gentile III da Varano, Camerino, 62032, Italy.
| | - Patrick Orlando
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, Ancona, I-60131, Italy.
| | - Sonia Silvestri
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, Ancona, I-60131, Italy.
| | - Alexandra Vogelsang
- Research and Development, Beiersdorf AG, Unnastrasse 48, Hamburg, 20245, Germany.
| | - Nadine Möller
- Research and Development, Beiersdorf AG, Unnastrasse 48, Hamburg, 20245, Germany.
| | - Thomas Blatt
- Research and Development, Beiersdorf AG, Unnastrasse 48, Hamburg, 20245, Germany.
| | - Julia M Weise
- Research and Development, Beiersdorf AG, Unnastrasse 48, Hamburg, 20245, Germany.
| | - Elisabetta Damiani
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, Ancona, I-60131, Italy.
| | - Luca Tiano
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, Ancona, I-60131, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Gueguen N, Baris O, Lenaers G, Reynier P, Spinazzi M. Secondary coenzyme Q deficiency in neurological disorders. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 165:203-218. [PMID: 33450382 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Coenzyme Q (CoQ) is a ubiquitous lipid serving essential cellular functions. It is the only component of the mitochondrial respiratory chain that can be exogenously absorbed. Here, we provide an overview of current knowledge, controversies, and open questions about CoQ intracellular and tissue distribution, in particular in brain and skeletal muscle. We discuss human neurological diseases and mouse models associated with secondary CoQ deficiency in these tissues and highlight pharmacokinetic and anatomical challenges in exogenous CoQ biodistribution, recent improvements in CoQ formulations and imaging, as well as alternative therapeutical strategies to CoQ supplementation. The last section proposes possible mechanisms underlying secondary CoQ deficiency in human diseases with emphasis on neurological and neuromuscular disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Naig Gueguen
- Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) MITOVASC, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) 6015, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1083, University of Angers, 49933, Angers, France; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, CHU Angers, 49933, Angers, France
| | - Olivier Baris
- Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) MITOVASC, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) 6015, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1083, University of Angers, 49933, Angers, France
| | - Guy Lenaers
- Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) MITOVASC, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) 6015, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1083, University of Angers, 49933, Angers, France
| | - Pascal Reynier
- Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) MITOVASC, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) 6015, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1083, University of Angers, 49933, Angers, France; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, CHU Angers, 49933, Angers, France
| | - Marco Spinazzi
- Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) MITOVASC, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) 6015, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1083, University of Angers, 49933, Angers, France; Neuromuscular Reference Center, Department of Neurology, CHU Angers, 49933, Angers, France.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Shidal C, Yoon HS, Zheng W, Wu J, Franke AA, Blot WJ, Shu XO, Cai Q. Prospective study of plasma levels of coenzyme Q10 and lung cancer risk in a low-income population in the Southeastern United States. Cancer Med 2021; 10:1439-1447. [PMID: 33547884 PMCID: PMC7926017 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.3637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) is a ubiquitous molecule in living organisms serving as a cofactor in energy production. Epidemiological studies have reported low CoQ10 levels being associated with an increased risk of various cancers. We conducted the first study to evaluate the association of CoQ10 concentrations with lung cancer risk. Methods A nested case‐control study including 201 lung cancer cases and 395 matched controls from the Southern Community Cohort Study was conducted. Plasma CoQ10 levels were measured using high‐performance liquid chromatography with photo‐diode array detection. Conditional logistic regression models were applied to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association between plasma CoQ10 levels and lung cancer risk. Results Plasma CoQ10 concentration was inversely associated with the risk of lung cancer. After adjusting for age, sex, race, and socioeconomic status, the OR (95% CI) comparing the third to first tertile was 0.57 (0.36–0.91, P for trend = 0.02). Further adjustments for smoking, alcohol, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and body mass index attenuated the point estimate slightly (OR = 0.60, 95% CI = 0.34–1.08, P for trend = 0.11), comparing third to first tertiles. Stratified analyses identified a significant inverse association between plasma CoQ10 levels and lung cancer risk in current smokers, but not in former/never smokers. The association was more evident in cases who were diagnosed within 1 year of blood draw than in cases diagnosed after 1 year. Conclusions Low plasma CoQ10 was significantly associated with increased lung cancer risk, particularly among current smokers. The stronger association seen shortly following the blood draw suggests that CoQ10 may be related to disease progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chris Shidal
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Hyung-Suk Yoon
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Wei Zheng
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Jie Wu
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | | | - William J Blot
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Xiao-Ou Shu
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Qiuyin Cai
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Coenzyme Q 10 Analogues: Benefits and Challenges for Therapeutics. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10020236. [PMID: 33557229 PMCID: PMC7913973 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10020236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10 or ubiquinone) is a mobile proton and electron carrier of the mitochondrial respiratory chain with antioxidant properties widely used as an antiaging health supplement and to relieve the symptoms of many pathological conditions associated with mitochondrial dysfunction. Even though the hegemony of CoQ10 in the context of antioxidant-based treatments is undeniable, the future primacy of this quinone is hindered by the promising features of its numerous analogues. Despite the unimpeachable performance of CoQ10 therapies, problems associated with their administration and intraorganismal delivery has led clinicians and scientists to search for alternative derivative molecules. Over the past few years, a wide variety of CoQ10 analogues with improved properties have been developed. These analogues conserve the antioxidant features of CoQ10 but present upgraded characteristics such as water solubility or enhanced mitochondrial accumulation. Moreover, recent studies have proven that some of these analogues might even outperform CoQ10 in the treatment of certain specific diseases. The aim of this review is to provide detailed information about these Coenzyme Q10 analogues, as well as their functionality and medical applications.
Collapse
|
29
|
Raizner AE, Quiñones MA. Coenzyme Q 10 for Patients With Cardiovascular Disease: JACC Focus Seminar. J Am Coll Cardiol 2021; 77:609-619. [PMID: 33538259 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2020.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) is a naturally occurring compound that is found in animals and all humans. It has a fundamental role in cellular energy production. Although it is produced in the body, tissue deficiency can occur due to medications such as statins, which inhibit the mevalonate pathway. The clinical syndromes of statin-associated muscle symptoms (SAMS) and some of the features observed in patients with heart failure (HF) may be related to blood and tissue deficiency of CoQ10. Numerous clinical trials of CoQ10 in SAMS have yielded conflicting results. Yet, the weight of evidence as reflected in meta-analyses supports the use of exogenous CoQ10 in SAMS. In patients with HF, large-scale randomized clinical trials are lacking, although one relatively contemporary trial, Q-SYMBIO, suggests an adjunctive role for CoQ10. The possibility that statin-related CoQ10 deficiency may play a role in patients with diastolic HF is an intriguing hypothesis that warrants further exploration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Albert E Raizner
- Department of Cardiology, Houston Methodist DeBakey Heart and Vascular Center, Houston, Texas, USA; Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA.
| | - Miguel A Quiñones
- Department of Cardiology, Houston Methodist DeBakey Heart and Vascular Center, Houston, Texas, USA; Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Christiansen LB, Reimann MJ, Schou-Pedersen AMV, Larsen S, Lykkesfeldt J, Olsen LH. Depleted Myocardial Coenzyme Q10 in Cavalier King Charles Spaniels with Congestive Heart Failure Due to Myxomatous Mitral Valve Disease. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10020161. [PMID: 33499156 PMCID: PMC7911325 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10020161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Congestive heart failure (CHF) has been associated with depleted myocardial coenzyme Q10 (Q10) concentrations in human patients. The aim of this study was to investigate associations between myocardial Q10 concentrations and myxomatous mitral valve disease (MMVD) severity in dogs. Furthermore, citrate synthase (CS) activity was analysed to determine if a reduction in myocardial Q10 was associated with mitochondrial depletion in the myocardium. Thirty Cavalier King Charles spaniels (CKCS) in MMVD stages B1 (n = 11), B2 (n = 5) and C (n = 14) according to the American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine (ACVIM) guidelines and 10 control (CON) dogs of other breeds were included. Myocardial Q10 concentration was analysed in left ventricular tissue samples using HPLC-ECD. CKCS with congestive heart failure (CHF; group C) had significantly reduced Q10 concentrations (median, 1.54 µg/mg; IQR, 1.36–1.94), compared to B1 (2.76 µg/mg; 2.10–4.81, p < 0.0018), B2 (3.85 µg/mg; 3.13–4.46, p < 0.0054) and CON dogs (2.8 µg/mg; 1.64–4.88, p < 0.0089). CS activity was comparable between disease groups. In conclusion, dogs with CHF due to MMVD had reduced myocardial Q10 concentrations. Studies evaluating antioxidant defense mechanisms as a therapeutic target for treatment of CHF in dogs are warranted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liselotte B. Christiansen
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Ridebanevej 9, 1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark; (L.B.C.); (M.J.R.); (A.M.V.S.-P.); (J.L.)
| | - Maria J. Reimann
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Ridebanevej 9, 1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark; (L.B.C.); (M.J.R.); (A.M.V.S.-P.); (J.L.)
| | - Anne Marie V. Schou-Pedersen
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Ridebanevej 9, 1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark; (L.B.C.); (M.J.R.); (A.M.V.S.-P.); (J.L.)
| | - Steen Larsen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark;
- Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-089 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Jens Lykkesfeldt
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Ridebanevej 9, 1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark; (L.B.C.); (M.J.R.); (A.M.V.S.-P.); (J.L.)
| | - Lisbeth H. Olsen
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Ridebanevej 9, 1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark; (L.B.C.); (M.J.R.); (A.M.V.S.-P.); (J.L.)
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Manzar H, Abdulhussein D, Yap TE, Cordeiro MF. Cellular Consequences of Coenzyme Q10 Deficiency in Neurodegeneration of the Retina and Brain. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E9299. [PMID: 33291255 PMCID: PMC7730520 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21239299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) is a ubiquitous cofactor in the body, operating in the inner mitochondrial membrane, where it plays a vital role in the generation of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) through the electron transport chain (ETC). In addition to this, CoQ10 serves as an antioxidant, protecting the cell from oxidative stress by reactive oxygen species (ROS) as well as maintaining a proton (H+) gradient across lysosome membranes to facilitate the breakdown of cellular waste products. Through the process of ageing, the body becomes deficient in CoQ10, resulting in several systemic manifestations. On a cellular level, one of the consequences of CoQ10 deficiency is apoptosis, which can be visualised in tissues of the central nervous system (CNS). Diseases affecting the retina and brain such as age-related macular degeneration (AMD), glaucoma, Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD) have shown defects in cellular biochemical reactions attributed to reduced levels of CoQ10. Through further research into the pathogenesis of such conditions, the effects of CoQ10 deficiency can be counteracted through supplementation, early detection and intervention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haider Manzar
- Imperial College Ophthalmology Research Group, Western Eye Hospital, 153-173 Marylebone Road, Marylebone, London NW1 5QH, UK; (H.M.); (D.A.); (T.E.Y.)
| | - Dalia Abdulhussein
- Imperial College Ophthalmology Research Group, Western Eye Hospital, 153-173 Marylebone Road, Marylebone, London NW1 5QH, UK; (H.M.); (D.A.); (T.E.Y.)
| | - Timothy E. Yap
- Imperial College Ophthalmology Research Group, Western Eye Hospital, 153-173 Marylebone Road, Marylebone, London NW1 5QH, UK; (H.M.); (D.A.); (T.E.Y.)
| | - M. Francesca Cordeiro
- Imperial College Ophthalmology Research Group, Western Eye Hospital, 153-173 Marylebone Road, Marylebone, London NW1 5QH, UK; (H.M.); (D.A.); (T.E.Y.)
- Glaucoma & Retinal Neurodegeneration Research Group, Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London EC1V 9EL, UK
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Edwards G, Lee Y, Kim M, Bhanvadia S, Kim KY, Ju WK. Effect of Ubiquinol on Glaucomatous Neurodegeneration and Oxidative Stress: Studies for Retinal Ganglion Cell Survival and/or Visual Function. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:E952. [PMID: 33023026 PMCID: PMC7599950 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9100952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is one of major causal factors in glaucomatous neurodegeneration. Ubiquinol promotes retinal ganglion cell (RGC) survival against glaucomatous insults such as oxidative stress. Here we investigated the effect of ubiquinol on RGC survival and/or visual function in mouse models of glaucoma and oxidative stress. DBA/2J and age-matched DBA/2J-Gpnmb+ (D2-Gpnmb+), which do not develop intraocular pressure elevation, or C57BL/6J mice were fed with ubiquinol (1%) or control diet daily for 5 or 2 months. We assessed RGC survival by Brn3a immunohistochemistry and measured expression levels of active and total BAX, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator 1α, transcription factor A (TFAM) and oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) complex protein. Following induction of oxidative stress by paraquat injection, we also assessed visual function. In glaucomatous retina, ubiquinol supplementation significantly promoted RGC survival, blocked BAX activation and increased TFAM and OXPHOS complex II protein expression. Also, ubiquinol supplementation ameliorated oxidative stress-induced visual dysfunction. These findings indicate that ubiquinol promotes RGC survival by increasing TFAM expression and OXPHOS complex II activity in glaucomatous neurodegeneration, and that ubiquinol enhances RGC survival and preserves visual function against oxidative stress. We propose that ubiquinol has a therapeutic potential for treating oxidative stress-associated glaucomatous neurodegeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Genea Edwards
- Hamilton Glaucoma Center and Shiley Eye Institute, Viterbi Family Department of Ophthalmology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92039, USA; (G.E.); (Y.L.); (M.K.); (S.B.)
| | - Yonghoon Lee
- Hamilton Glaucoma Center and Shiley Eye Institute, Viterbi Family Department of Ophthalmology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92039, USA; (G.E.); (Y.L.); (M.K.); (S.B.)
| | - Martha Kim
- Hamilton Glaucoma Center and Shiley Eye Institute, Viterbi Family Department of Ophthalmology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92039, USA; (G.E.); (Y.L.); (M.K.); (S.B.)
- Department of Ophthalmology, Dongguk University Ilsan Hospital, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si 10326, Korea
| | - Soham Bhanvadia
- Hamilton Glaucoma Center and Shiley Eye Institute, Viterbi Family Department of Ophthalmology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92039, USA; (G.E.); (Y.L.); (M.K.); (S.B.)
| | - Keun-Young Kim
- National Center for Microscopy and Imaging Research, Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92039, USA;
| | - Won-Kyu Ju
- Hamilton Glaucoma Center and Shiley Eye Institute, Viterbi Family Department of Ophthalmology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92039, USA; (G.E.); (Y.L.); (M.K.); (S.B.)
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Sun J, Patel CB, Jang T, Merchant M, Chen C, Kazerounian S, Diers AR, Kiebish MA, Vishnudas VK, Gesta S, Sarangarajan R, Narain NR, Nagpal S, Recht L. High levels of ubidecarenone (oxidized CoQ 10) delivered using a drug-lipid conjugate nanodispersion (BPM31510) differentially affect redox status and growth in malignant glioma versus non-tumor cells. Sci Rep 2020; 10:13899. [PMID: 32807842 PMCID: PMC7431533 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-70969-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic reprogramming in cancer cells, vs. non-cancer cells, elevates levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) leading to higher oxidative stress. The elevated ROS levels suggest a vulnerability to excess prooxidant loads leading to selective cell death, a therapeutically exploitable difference. Co-enzyme Q10 (CoQ10) an endogenous mitochondrial resident molecule, plays an important role in mitochondrial redox homeostasis, membrane integrity, and energy production. BPM31510 is a lipid-drug conjugate nanodispersion specifically formulated for delivery of supraphysiological concentrations of ubidecarenone (oxidized CoQ10) to the cell and mitochondria, in both in vitro and in vivo model systems. In this study, we sought to investigate the therapeutic potential of ubidecarenone in the highly treatment-refractory glioblastoma. Rodent (C6) and human (U251) glioma cell lines, and non-tumor human astrocytes (HA) and rodent NIH3T3 fibroblast cell lines were utilized for experiments. Tumor cell lines exhibited a marked increase in sensitivity to ubidecarenone vs. non-tumor cell lines. Further, elevated mitochondrial superoxide production was noted in tumor cells vs. non-tumor cells hours before any changes in proliferation or the cell cycle could be detected. In vitro co-culture experiments show ubidecarenone differentially affecting tumor cells vs. non-tumor cells, resulting in an equilibrated culture. In vivo activity in a highly aggressive orthotopic C6 glioma model demonstrated a greater than 25% long-term survival rate. Based on these findings we conclude that high levels of ubidecarenone delivered using BPM31510 provide an effective therapeutic modality targeting cancer-specific modulation of redox mechanisms for anti-cancer effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Sun
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Neurosciences, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, 94305, USA.
| | - Chirag B Patel
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Neurosciences, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, 94305, USA.,Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS), Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Taichang Jang
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Neurosciences, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Milton Merchant
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Neurosciences, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Chen Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, 94305, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Seema Nagpal
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Neurosciences, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Lawrence Recht
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Neurosciences, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, 94305, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Dendrimer-like glucan nanoparticulate system improves the solubility and cellular antioxidant activity of coenzyme Q10. Food Chem 2020; 333:127510. [PMID: 32673958 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.127510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Aqueous coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) dispersions were prepared using sugary maize dendrimer-like glucan (SMDG) with solid-dispersion treatment. After measuring solubility, recovery rate and loading rate, the initial weight ratio of CoQ10:SMDG was optimized to be 1:27, with the solubility markedly increasing up 188.8-folds compared to pure CoQ10 solution. The structural characterizations of CoQ10-SMDG formulation showed crystal CoQ10 was entrapped in SMDG matrix for amorphous state, associated with the strong interactions with glucan chains. The antioxidant activity of CoQ10-SMDG was assessed via DPPH and FRAP assay. DPPH scavenging activity and FRAP value of it were as high as 95.1% and 0.87 mM, respectively. The cellular uptake of CoQ10 in CoQ10-SMDG group was significantly higher than that of natural CoQ10. CoQ10-SMDG also exhibited significant protective effects against cellular damage in H2O2-induced HaCaT cell model. The results indicated that dendrimer-like glucan is an excellent platform to encapsulate and improve biological activity of hydropholic compounds.
Collapse
|
35
|
Beharry KD, Cai CL, Siddiqui F, D’Agrosa C, Zangaladze A, Mustafa G, Qadri A, Duggan TJ, Aranda JV. Combination Antioxidant/NSAID Therapies and Oral/Topical Ocular Delivery Modes for Prevention of Oxygen-Induced Retinopathy in a Rat Model. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12071980. [PMID: 32635350 PMCID: PMC7400869 DOI: 10.3390/nu12071980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Given the complexity of oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR), we tested the hypothesis that combination therapies and modes of administration would synergistically optimize efficacy for prevention of OIR. Newborn rats were exposed to neonatal intermittent hypoxia (IH) from the first day of life (P0) until P14 during which they received: (1) oral glutathione nanoparticles (nGSH) with topical ocular phosphate buffered saline (PBS); (2) nGSH with topical ocular Acuvail (ACV); (3) oral coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) + ACV; (4) oral omega 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) + ACV; (5) CoQ10 + n-3 PUFAs + PBS; or (6) CoQ10 + n-3 PUFAs + ACV. Treated groups raised in room air (RA) served as controls. At P14, pups were placed in RA with no treatment until P21. Retinal vascular pathology, ocular angiogenesis biomarkers, histopathology, and morphometry were determined. All combination treatments in IH resulted in the most beneficial retinal outcomes consistent with suppression of angiogenesis growth factors during reoxygenation/reperfusion and no significant adverse effects on somatic growth. nGSH + PBS also reversed IH-induced retinopathy, but had negative effects on growth. Simultaneously targeting oxidants, inflammation, and poor growth mitigates the damaging effects of neonatal IH on the developing retina. Therapeutic synergy with combination delivery methods enhance individual attributes and simultaneously target multiple pathways involved in complex diseases such as OIR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kay D. Beharry
- Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA; (C.L.C.); (F.S.); (A.Z.); (G.M.); (A.Q.); (T.J.D.); (J.V.A.)
- Department of Ophthalmology, State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA
- SUNY Eye Institute, State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +01-718-270-1475
| | - Charles L. Cai
- Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA; (C.L.C.); (F.S.); (A.Z.); (G.M.); (A.Q.); (T.J.D.); (J.V.A.)
| | - Faisal Siddiqui
- Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA; (C.L.C.); (F.S.); (A.Z.); (G.M.); (A.Q.); (T.J.D.); (J.V.A.)
| | - Christina D’Agrosa
- Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA; (C.L.C.); (F.S.); (A.Z.); (G.M.); (A.Q.); (T.J.D.); (J.V.A.)
| | - Anano Zangaladze
- Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA; (C.L.C.); (F.S.); (A.Z.); (G.M.); (A.Q.); (T.J.D.); (J.V.A.)
| | - Ghassan Mustafa
- Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA; (C.L.C.); (F.S.); (A.Z.); (G.M.); (A.Q.); (T.J.D.); (J.V.A.)
| | - Areej Qadri
- Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA; (C.L.C.); (F.S.); (A.Z.); (G.M.); (A.Q.); (T.J.D.); (J.V.A.)
| | - Thomas J. Duggan
- Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA; (C.L.C.); (F.S.); (A.Z.); (G.M.); (A.Q.); (T.J.D.); (J.V.A.)
| | - Jacob V. Aranda
- Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA; (C.L.C.); (F.S.); (A.Z.); (G.M.); (A.Q.); (T.J.D.); (J.V.A.)
- Department of Ophthalmology, State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA
- SUNY Eye Institute, State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Di Lorenzo A, Iannuzzo G, Parlato A, Cuomo G, Testa C, Coppola M, D’Ambrosio G, Oliviero DA, Sarullo S, Vitale G, Nugara C, Sarullo FM, Giallauria F. Clinical Evidence for Q10 Coenzyme Supplementation in Heart Failure: From Energetics to Functional Improvement. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9051266. [PMID: 32349341 PMCID: PMC7287951 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9051266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2020] [Revised: 04/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction are hallmarks of heart failure (HF). Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) is a vitamin-like organic compound widely expressed in humans as ubiquinol (reduced form) and ubiquinone (oxidized form). CoQ10 plays a key role in electron transport in oxidative phosphorylation of mitochondria. CoQ10 acts as a potent antioxidant, membrane stabilizer and cofactor in the production of adenosine triphosphate by oxidative phosphorylation, inhibiting the oxidation of proteins and DNA. Patients with HF showed CoQ10 deficiency; therefore, a number of clinical trials investigating the effects of CoQ10 supplementation in HF have been conducted. CoQ10 supplementation may confer potential prognostic advantages in HF patients with no adverse hemodynamic profile or safety issues. The latest evidence on the clinical effects of CoQ10 supplementation in HF was reviewed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Di Lorenzo
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, “Federico II” University of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy; (A.D.L.); (A.P.); (G.C.); (C.T.); (M.C.); (G.D.); (D.A.O.)
| | - Gabriella Iannuzzo
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, “Federico II” University of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Alessandro Parlato
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, “Federico II” University of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy; (A.D.L.); (A.P.); (G.C.); (C.T.); (M.C.); (G.D.); (D.A.O.)
| | - Gianluigi Cuomo
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, “Federico II” University of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy; (A.D.L.); (A.P.); (G.C.); (C.T.); (M.C.); (G.D.); (D.A.O.)
| | - Crescenzo Testa
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, “Federico II” University of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy; (A.D.L.); (A.P.); (G.C.); (C.T.); (M.C.); (G.D.); (D.A.O.)
| | - Marta Coppola
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, “Federico II” University of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy; (A.D.L.); (A.P.); (G.C.); (C.T.); (M.C.); (G.D.); (D.A.O.)
| | - Giuseppe D’Ambrosio
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, “Federico II” University of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy; (A.D.L.); (A.P.); (G.C.); (C.T.); (M.C.); (G.D.); (D.A.O.)
| | - Domenico Alessandro Oliviero
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, “Federico II” University of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy; (A.D.L.); (A.P.); (G.C.); (C.T.); (M.C.); (G.D.); (D.A.O.)
| | - Silvia Sarullo
- Cardiovascular Rehabilitation Unit, Buccheri La Ferla Fatebenefratelli Hospital, 90123 Palermo, Italy; (S.S.); (G.V.); (C.N.); (F.M.S.)
| | - Giuseppe Vitale
- Cardiovascular Rehabilitation Unit, Buccheri La Ferla Fatebenefratelli Hospital, 90123 Palermo, Italy; (S.S.); (G.V.); (C.N.); (F.M.S.)
| | - Cinzia Nugara
- Cardiovascular Rehabilitation Unit, Buccheri La Ferla Fatebenefratelli Hospital, 90123 Palermo, Italy; (S.S.); (G.V.); (C.N.); (F.M.S.)
| | - Filippo M. Sarullo
- Cardiovascular Rehabilitation Unit, Buccheri La Ferla Fatebenefratelli Hospital, 90123 Palermo, Italy; (S.S.); (G.V.); (C.N.); (F.M.S.)
| | - Francesco Giallauria
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, “Federico II” University of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy; (A.D.L.); (A.P.); (G.C.); (C.T.); (M.C.); (G.D.); (D.A.O.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-(0)8-1746-3519
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Martelli A, Testai L, Colletti A, Cicero AFG. Coenzyme Q 10: Clinical Applications in Cardiovascular Diseases. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9040341. [PMID: 32331285 PMCID: PMC7222396 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9040341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Revised: 04/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) is a ubiquitous factor present in cell membranes and mitochondria, both in its reduced (ubiquinol) and oxidized (ubiquinone) forms. Its levels are high in organs with high metabolism such as the heart, kidneys, and liver because it acts as an energy transfer molecule but could be reduced by aging, genetic factors, drugs (e.g., statins), cardiovascular (CV) diseases, degenerative muscle disorders, and neurodegenerative diseases. As CoQ10 is endowed with significant antioxidant and anti-inflammatory features, useful to prevent free radical-induced damage and inflammatory signaling pathway activation, its depletion results in exacerbation of inflammatory processes. Therefore, exogenous CoQ10 supplementation might be useful as an adjuvant in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases such as heart failure, atrial fibrillation, and myocardial infarction and in associated risk factors such as hypertension, insulin resistance, dyslipidemias, and obesity. This review aims to summarize the current evidences on the use of CoQ10 supplementation as a therapeutic approach in cardiovascular diseases through the analysis of its clinical impact on patients' health and quality of life. A substantial reduction of inflammatory and oxidative stress markers has been observed in several randomized clinical trials (RCTs) focused on several of the abovementioned diseases, even if more RCTs, involving a larger number of patients, will be necessary to strengthen these interesting findings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alma Martelli
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 56120 Pisa, Italy; (A.M.); (L.T.)
- Interdepartmental Research Centre “Nutraceuticals and Food for Health (NUTRAFOOD)”, University of Pisa, 56120 Pisa, Italy
- Interdepartmental Research Centre of Ageing, Biology and Pathology, University of Pisa, 56120 Pisa, Italy
| | - Lara Testai
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 56120 Pisa, Italy; (A.M.); (L.T.)
- Interdepartmental Research Centre “Nutraceuticals and Food for Health (NUTRAFOOD)”, University of Pisa, 56120 Pisa, Italy
- Interdepartmental Research Centre of Ageing, Biology and Pathology, University of Pisa, 56120 Pisa, Italy
| | - Alessandro Colletti
- Department of Science and Drug Technology, University of Turin, 10125 Turin, Italy;
- Italian Nutraceutical Society (SINut), Via Guelfa 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Arrigo F. G. Cicero
- Italian Nutraceutical Society (SINut), Via Guelfa 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy
- Medical and Surgical Sciences Department, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-512142224
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Hargreaves IP, Mantle D. Supplementation with selenium and coenzyme Q10 in critically ill patients. Br J Hosp Med (Lond) 2020; 80:589-593. [PMID: 31589506 DOI: 10.12968/hmed.2019.80.10.589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Multiple organ dysfunction and resultant mortality in critically ill patients has been linked with impaired cellular energy supply and oxidative stress. Clinical studies supplementing selenium, on the basis of its role as a key cofactor of antioxidant enzymes, have reported variable outcomes in critically ill patients. However, the synergistic interaction between selenium and coenzyme Q10, which has essential roles in cellular energy supply and as an antioxidant, has not been considered in such studies. This article reviews the link between selenium and coenzyme Q10, and the potential role of their co-supplementation in critical illness.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- I P Hargreaves
- Senior Lecturer, School of Pharmacy, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool L3 3AF
| | - D Mantle
- Consultant, Pharma Nord (UK) Ltd, Morpeth, Newcastle
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Computational Identification and Analysis of Ubiquinone-Binding Proteins. Cells 2020; 9:cells9020520. [PMID: 32102444 PMCID: PMC7072731 DOI: 10.3390/cells9020520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Revised: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Ubiquinone is an important cofactor that plays vital and diverse roles in many biological processes. Ubiquinone-binding proteins (UBPs) are receptor proteins that dock with ubiquinones. Analyzing and identifying UBPs via a computational approach will provide insights into the pathways associated with ubiquinones. In this work, we were the first to propose a UBPs predictor (UBPs-Pred). The optimal feature subset selected from three categories of sequence-derived features was fed into the extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) classifier, and the parameters of XGBoost were tuned by multi-objective particle swarm optimization (MOPSO). The experimental results over the independent validation demonstrated considerable prediction performance with a Matthews correlation coefficient (MCC) of 0.517. After that, we analyzed the UBPs using bioinformatics methods, including the statistics of the binding domain motifs and protein distribution, as well as an enrichment analysis of the gene ontology (GO) and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway.
Collapse
|
40
|
Arenas‐Jal M, Suñé‐Negre JM, García‐Montoya E. Coenzyme Q10 supplementation: Efficacy, safety, and formulation challenges. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2020; 19:574-594. [DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marta Arenas‐Jal
- Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food SciencesUniversity of Barcelona Barcelona Spain
| | - J. M. Suñé‐Negre
- Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food SciencesUniversity of Barcelona Barcelona Spain
| | - Encarna García‐Montoya
- Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food SciencesUniversity of Barcelona Barcelona Spain
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Takahashi T, Mine Y, Okamoto T. Extracellular coenzyme Q 10 (CoQ 10) is reduced to ubiquinol-10 by intact Hep G2 cells independent of intracellular CoQ 10 reduction. Arch Biochem Biophys 2019; 672:108067. [PMID: 31400302 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2019.108067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2019] [Revised: 08/03/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) is an essential factor in the mitochondrial respiratory chain and is closely associated with ATP production in humans. It is known that orally administered CoQ10 in humans is rapidly reduced, and most is detected as a reduced form, ubiquinol-10 (CoQ10H2), in serum. However, the mechanism of exogenous CoQ10 reduction in vivo is unclear. Therefore, in order to clarify how CoQ10 is reduced to CoQ10H2, we conducted a study using human liver cancer cell line Hep G2 cells, which show strong intracellular CoQ10-reducing activity. When intact cells were incubated with CoQ10, the exogenously added CoQ10 was incorporated into the cells, time-, concentration-, and temperature-dependently, and 50-80% of that was detected as CoQ10H2. On the other hand, a part of the extracellular CoQ10 was also detected as CoQ10H2, and the amount was greater than that of the intracellular CoQ10H2. Furthermore, the CoQ10-loaded cells did not leak the intracellular CoQ10H2 (or CoQ10) to the outside of the cells, and modulation of the extracellular CoQ10H2 amount had little effect on the intracellular CoQ10 or CoQ10H2 contents, suggesting the existence of an individual mechanism of CoQ10 reduction inside and outside the cells. Moreover, intact cells could reduce CoQ10 in low-density lipoprotein to CoQ10H2. Therefore, we concluded that a novel CoQ10-reducing mechanism may exist in the plasma membrane, probably the outer surface, of Hep G2 cells, and it may work to reduce extracellular CoQ10 and/or maintain extracellular CoQ10H2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takayuki Takahashi
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Health Science and Social Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kobe Gakuin University, 1-1-3 Minatojima, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-8586, Japan.
| | - Yukitoshi Mine
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Health Science and Social Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kobe Gakuin University, 1-1-3 Minatojima, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-8586, Japan
| | - Tadashi Okamoto
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Health Science and Social Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kobe Gakuin University, 1-1-3 Minatojima, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-8586, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Schou-Pedersen AMV, Schemeth D, Lykkesfeldt J. Determination of Reduced and Oxidized Coenzyme Q 10 in Canine Plasma and Heart Tissue by HPLC-ECD: Comparison with LC-MS/MS Quantification. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:antiox8080253. [PMID: 31366077 PMCID: PMC6720496 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8080253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Revised: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Coenzyme Q10 (Q10) plays an important role in mammals for energy production in the mitochondria, and as a potent antioxidant. Oxidation ratio (% oxidized in relation to total Q10) has been proposed as an important biomarker. A sensitive and reproducible HPLC-ECD method was developed for determination of reduced and oxidized Q10 in canine plasma and heart tissue. Chromatographic separation was achieved in 10 min using a Waters Nova-pak C18 column and a mobile phase with lithium perchlorate in ethanol/methanol/2-propanol. The validation showed satisfying results. Excellent linear correlation was found (r2 > 0.9997), intra- and inter-day precisions were below 6.5% (n = 5) and recoveries were between 89 and 109% (n = 5). Sensitivity stated as Lower Limit of Quantification (LLOQ) was 10 nM. Acceptable stability of both extracted and un-extracted samples was observed. The plasma concentration range of total Q10 was found to be between 0.64 and 1.24 µg/mL. Comparison with a developed LC-MS/MS method showed a correlation of r = 0.85 for reduced Q10 and r = 0.60 for oxidized Q10 (N = 17). However, average results were around 30% lower for ubiquinol using the LC-MS/MS method as compared with the HPLC-ECD analysis. The two methods are therefore not considered to be interchangeable.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anne Marie V Schou-Pedersen
- Section for Experimental Animal Models, Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Ridebanevej 9, 1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark.
| | - Dieter Schemeth
- Section for Environmental Chemistry and Physics, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Jens Lykkesfeldt
- Section for Experimental Animal Models, Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Ridebanevej 9, 1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Astolfi P, Clément JL, Gigmes D, Armeni T, Carloni P, Greci L. Reaction of endogenous Coenzyme Q 10 with nitrogen monoxide and its metabolite nitrogen dioxide. Redox Rep 2019; 24:56-61. [PMID: 31348723 PMCID: PMC6748585 DOI: 10.1080/13510002.2019.1647005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Coenzyme Q10, incorporated in DOPC lyposomes or naturally present in liver bovine mitochondria or in human blood plasma, was reacted with nitrogen dioxide •NO2 or with a •NO/•NO2 mixture. Methods and Results: The reaction course was monitored by Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) spectroscopy and in all cases the formation of a di-tert-alkyl nitroxide was observed, deriving from the addition of •NO2 to one of the double bonds, most likely the terminal one, of the isoprenic chain. The rate constant for nitroxide formation was also determined by EPR spectroscopy and an initial rate of ca. 7 × 10-8 M s-1 was obtained.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paola Astolfi
- a Dipartimento SIMAU, Università Politecnica delle Marche , Ancona , Italy
| | - Jean-Louis Clément
- b Institut de Chimie Radicalaire, UMR 272, Aix Marseille Université , Marseille , France
| | - Didier Gigmes
- b Institut de Chimie Radicalaire, UMR 272, Aix Marseille Université , Marseille , France
| | - Tatiana Armeni
- c Dipartimento DISCO, Università Politecnica delle Marche , Ancona , Italy
| | - Patricia Carloni
- d Dipartimento D3A, Università Politecnica delle Marche , Ancona , Italy
| | - Lucedio Greci
- e Dipartimento DISVA, Università Politecnica delle Marche , Ancona , Italy
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Shimizu Y, Mukumoto N, Idrus N, Akasaka H, Inubushi S, Yoshida K, Miyawaki D, Ishihara T, Okamoto Y, Yasuda T, Nakahana M, Sasaki R. Amelioration of Radiation Enteropathy by Dietary Supplementation With Reduced Coenzyme Q10. Adv Radiat Oncol 2019; 4:237-245. [PMID: 31011668 PMCID: PMC6460318 DOI: 10.1016/j.adro.2019.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Effective methods to ameliorate radiation enteropathy have not been developed. To address this issue, we investigated the reduced form of coenzyme Q10 (rCoQ10) as a potential radioprotector in a mouse model. Methods and Materials rCoQ10 was added to a standard laboratory mouse diet at a final concentration of 1.0% 9 days before irradiation and 30 days thereafter or dissolved in corn oil and administered transorally. Accumulated amounts of coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) or coenzyme Q9 in the intestine were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography. Reactive oxygen species (ROS), apoptosis, and morphologic changes in the intestine were assessed by immunohistochemistry after administration of 13 Gy of x-ray to the mouse abdomen. Body weight and survival were monitored for 30 days after irradiation. Cytotoxicity using 3 human cancer cell lines and the tumor growth–inhibiting effect in a xenograft were investigated to determine whether rCoQ10 interferes with radiation-specific cytotoxic effects on tumor growth. Results CoQ10 was greatly accumulated in all sections of the intestine after both massive transoral dosing and dietary administration, whereas coenzyme Q9 was not. Administration of rCoQ10 suppressed ROS production and inhibited apoptosis in the crypts, resulting in preservation of villi structures after irradiation. Notably, 92% of mice fed the rCoQ10-supplemented diet were healthy and alive 30 days after irradiation, whereas 50% of control mice died (P < .05). Moreover, rCoQ10 did not interfere with radiation-specific cytotoxic effects on tumors either in vitro or in vivo. Conclusions Administration of rCoQ10 led to its accumulation in the intestine and induced radioprotective effects by inhibiting ROS-mediated apoptosis, thereby preserving intestinal structures. Our results indicated that rCoQ10 supplementation effectively ameliorated radiation enteropathy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yasuyuki Shimizu
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Naritoshi Mukumoto
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Nelly Idrus
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Hyogo, Japan.,Siloam Hospitals TB, Simatupang, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Hiroaki Akasaka
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Sachiko Inubushi
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Kenji Yoshida
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Daisuke Miyawaki
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Takeaki Ishihara
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Okamoto
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Hyogo, Japan.,Department of Radiation Therapy, Osaka Police Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takahiro Yasuda
- Clinical & Translational Research Center, Kobe University Hospital, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Makiko Nakahana
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Ryohei Sasaki
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Hyogo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Goto M, Nishiyama A, Yamaguchi T, Watanabe K, Fujii K, Watanabe Y, Doi H. Synthesis of 11 C-labeled ubiquinone and ubiquinol via Pd 0 -mediated rapid C-[ 11 C]methylation using [ 11 C]methyl iodide and 39-demethyl-39-(pinacolboryl)ubiquinone. J Labelled Comp Radiopharm 2019; 62:86-94. [PMID: 30556149 PMCID: PMC6590163 DOI: 10.1002/jlcr.3700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Revised: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
To enable positron emission tomography (PET) imaging of the in vivo kinetics of ubiquinone and ubiquinol, which is referred to as coenzyme Q10, their 11C‐radiolabeled counterparts were synthesized herein. 11C‐Labeled ubiquinone [11C]‐1 was realized by Pd‐mediated rapid C‐[11C]methylation of [11C]CH3I with 39‐demethyl‐39‐(pinacolboryl)ubiquinone, prepared by Ru‐catalyzed olefin metathesis of unradiolabeled ubiquinone with 2‐(pinacolboryl)propene. Subsequent reduction of [11C]‐1 using Na2S2O4 yielded 11C‐labeled ubiquinol [11C]‐2. The synthesis time and [11C]CH3I‐based radiochemical yield of [11C]‐1 were within 36 minutes and up to 53%, while those of [11C]‐2 were within 38 minutes and up to 39%, respectively. After radiopharmaceutical formulation, the qualities of [11C]‐1 and [11C]‐2 were confirmed to be applicable for animal PET studies. The analytical values of [11C]‐1 and [11C]‐2 are as follows: radioactivity of up to 3.5 and 1.4 GBq, molar activity of 21 to 78 and 48 to 76 GBq/μmol, radiochemical purity of greater than 99% and greater than 95%, and chemical purity of greater than 99% and 77%, respectively. The concept behind this radiolabeling procedure is that unradiolabeled natural ubiquinone can be converted to 11C‐radiolabeled ubiquinone and ubiquinol via a pinacolborane‐substituted ubiquinone derivative. Each PET probe was used for molecular imaging using rats to investigate the in vivo kinetics and biodistribution of the coenzyme Q10.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miki Goto
- Laboratory for Labeling Chemistry, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Kobe, Japan
| | - Akira Nishiyama
- Pharma & Supplemental Nutrition Solutions Vehicle, Kaneka Corporation, Takasago, Japan
| | - Takao Yamaguchi
- Pharma & Supplemental Nutrition Solutions Vehicle, Kaneka Corporation, Takasago, Japan
| | - Kyosuke Watanabe
- Laboratory for Pathophysiological and Health Science, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Kobe, Japan.,Department of Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kenji Fujii
- Pharma & Supplemental Nutrition Solutions Vehicle, Kaneka Corporation, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuyoshi Watanabe
- Laboratory for Pathophysiological and Health Science, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Kobe, Japan
| | - Hisashi Doi
- Laboratory for Labeling Chemistry, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Kobe, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Beharry KD, Cai CL, Siddiqui F, Chowdhury S, D'Agrosa C, Valencia GB, Aranda JV. Comparative Effects of Coenzyme Q10 or n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Supplementation on Retinal Angiogenesis in a Rat Model of Oxygen-Induced Retinopathy. Antioxidants (Basel) 2018; 7:E160. [PMID: 30423931 PMCID: PMC6262377 DOI: 10.3390/antiox7110160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Revised: 10/19/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Neonatal intermittent hypoxia (IH) or apnea afflicts 70% to 90% of all preterm infants <28 weeks gestation, and is associated with severe retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). We tested the hypotheses that coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) or omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) supplementation during neonatal IH reduces the severity of oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR). Newborn rats were exposed to two IH paradigms: (1) 50% O₂ with brief hypoxia (12% O₂); or (2) 21% O₂ with brief hypoxia, until postnatal day 14 (P14), during which they received daily oral CoQ10 in olive oil, n-3 PUFAs in fish oil, or olive oil only and compared to room air (RA) treated groups. Pups were examined at P14, or placed in RA until P21. Retinal angiogenesis, histopathology, and morphometry were determined. Both IH paradigms produced severe OIR, but these were worsened with 50/12% O₂ IH. CoQ10 and n-3 PUFAs reduced the severity of OIR, as well as ocular growth factors in both IH paradigms, but CoQ10 was more effective in 50/12% O₂ IH. Supplementation with either CoQ10 or n-3 PUFAs targeting IH-induced retinal injury is individually effective for ameliorating specific characteristics consistent with ROP. Given the complexity of ROP, further studies are needed to determine whether combined CoQ10 and n-3 PUFAs supplementation would optimize their efficacy and result in a better outcome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kay D Beharry
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA.
- Department of Ophthalmology; State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA.
- State University of New York Department of Ophthalmology Eye Institute, New York, NY 10062, USA.
| | - Charles L Cai
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA.
| | - Faisal Siddiqui
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA.
| | - Sara Chowdhury
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA.
| | - Christina D'Agrosa
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA.
| | - Gloria B Valencia
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA.
| | - Jacob V Aranda
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA.
- Department of Ophthalmology; State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA.
- State University of New York Department of Ophthalmology Eye Institute, New York, NY 10062, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Kalenikova EI, Gorodetskaya EA, Obolenskaya ON, Shapoval NS, Makarov VG, Medvedev OS. Tissue-Level Dynamics and Redox State of Coenzyme Q10 in Rats After Intravenous Injection of Ubiquinol. Pharm Chem J 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11094-018-1882-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
48
|
Zozina VI, Covantev S, Goroshko OA, Krasnykh LM, Kukes VG. Coenzyme Q10 in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases: Current State of the Problem. Curr Cardiol Rev 2018; 14:164-174. [PMID: 29663894 PMCID: PMC6131403 DOI: 10.2174/1573403x14666180416115428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Revised: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 04/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The burden of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases is increasing with every year. Although the management of these conditions has improved greatly over the years, it is still far from perfect. With all of this in mind, there is a need for new methods of prophylaxis and treatment. Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) is an essential compound of the human body. There is growing evidence that CoQ10 is tightly linked to cardiometabolic disorders. Its supplementation can be useful in a variety of chronic and acute disorders. This review analyses the role of CoQ10 in hypertension, ischemic heart disease, myocardial infarction, heart failure, viral myocarditis, cardiomyopathies, cardiac toxicity, dyslipidemia, obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome, cardiac procedures and resuscitation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vladlena I Zozina
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Propaedeutics of Internal Diseases, Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Serghei Covantev
- Laboratory of Allergology and Clinical Immunology, State University of Medicine and Pharmacy «Nicolae Testemitanu», Chisinau, Moldova, Republic of
| | - Olga A Goroshko
- Federal State Budgetary Institution "Scientific Centre for Expert Evaluation of Medical Products" of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Liudmila M Krasnykh
- Federal State Budgetary Institution "Scientific Centre for Expert Evaluation of Medical Products" of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Vladimir G Kukes
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Propaedeutics of Internal Diseases, Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russian Federation
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Coenzyme Q10 Prevents Senescence and Dysfunction Caused by Oxidative Stress in Vascular Endothelial Cells. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:3181759. [PMID: 30116476 PMCID: PMC6079399 DOI: 10.1155/2018/3181759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Revised: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 04/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative damage in endothelial cells is proposed to play an important role in endothelial dysfunction and atherogenesis. We previously reported that the reduced form of coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10H2) effectively inhibits oxidative stress and decelerates senescence in senescence-accelerated mice. Here, we treated human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) with H2O2 and investigated the protective effect of CoQ10H2 against senescence, oxidative damage, and reduction in cellular functions. We found that CoQ10H2 markedly reduced the number of senescence-associated β-galactosidase-positive cells and suppressed the expression of senescence-associated secretory phenotype-associated genes in H2O2-treated HUVECs. Furthermore, CoQ10H2 suppressed the generation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) but promoted NO production that was accompanied by increased eNOS expression. CoQ10H2 prevented apoptosis and reductions in mitochondrial function and reduced migration and tube formation activity of H2O2-treated cells. The present study indicated that CoQ10H2 protects endothelial cells against senescence by promoting mitochondrial function and thus could delay vascular aging.
Collapse
|
50
|
Zaleski AL, Taylor BA, Thompson PD. Coenzyme Q10 as Treatment for Statin-Associated Muscle Symptoms-A Good Idea, but…. Adv Nutr 2018; 9:519S-523S. [PMID: 30032220 PMCID: PMC6054172 DOI: 10.1093/advances/nmy010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitors (statins) are extremely well tolerated but are associated with a range of mild-to-moderate statin-associated muscle symptoms (SAMS). Estimates of SAMS incidence vary from <1% in industry-funded clinical trials to 10-25% in nonindustry-funded clinical trials and ∼60% in some observational studies. SAMS are important because they result in dose reduction or discontinuation of these life-saving medications, accompanied by higher healthcare costs and cardiac events. The mechanisms that produce SAMS are not clearly defined. Statins block the production of farnesyl pyrophosphate, an intermediate in the mevalonate pathway, which is responsible for the production of coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10). This knowledge has prompted the hypothesis that reductions in plasma CoQ10 concentrations contribute to SAMS. Consequently, CoQ10 is popular as a form of adjuvant therapy for the treatment of SAMS. However, the data evaluating the efficacy of CoQ10 supplementation has been equivocal, with some, but not all, studies suggesting that CoQ10 supplementation mitigates muscular complaints. This review discusses the rationale for using CoQ10 in SAMS, the results of CoQ10 clinical trials, the suggested management of SAMS, and the lessons learned about CoQ10 treatment of this problem.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amanda L Zaleski
- Division of Cardiology, Hartford Hospital, Hartford, CT,Department of Kinesiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT
| | - Beth A Taylor
- Division of Cardiology, Hartford Hospital, Hartford, CT,Department of Kinesiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT
| | - Paul D Thompson
- Division of Cardiology, Hartford Hospital, Hartford, CT,Address correspondence to PDT (e-mail: )
| |
Collapse
|