1
|
Ocket E, Matthaeus C. Insights in caveolae protein structure arrangements and their local lipid environment. Biol Chem 2024; 0:hsz-2024-0046. [PMID: 38970809 DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2024-0046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024]
Abstract
Caveolae are 50-80 nm sized plasma membrane invaginations found in adipocytes, endothelial cells or fibroblasts. They are involved in endocytosis, lipid uptake and the regulation of the cellular lipid metabolism as well as sensing and adapting to changes in plasma membrane tension. Caveolae are characterized by their unique lipid composition and their specific protein coat consisting of caveolin and cavin proteins. Recently, detailed structural information was obtained for the major caveolae protein caveolin1 showing the formation of a disc-like 11-mer protein complex. Furthermore, the importance of the cavin disordered regions in the generation of cavin trimers and caveolae at the plasma membrane were revealed. Thus, finally, structural insights about the assembly of the caveolar coat can be elucidated. Here, we review recent developments in caveolae structural biology with regard to caveolae coat formation and caveolae curvature generation. Secondly, we discuss the importance of specific lipid species necessary for caveolae curvature and formation. In the last years, it was shown that specifically sphingolipids, cholesterol and fatty acids can accumulate in caveolae invaginations and may drive caveolae endocytosis. Throughout, we summarize recent studies in the field and highlight future research directions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Esther Ocket
- Institute of Nutritional Science, Cellular Physiology of Nutrition, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24/25, Building 29, Room 0.08, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Claudia Matthaeus
- Institute of Nutritional Science, Cellular Physiology of Nutrition, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24/25, Building 29, Room 0.08, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Glatz JFC, Heather LC, Luiken JJFP. CD36 as a gatekeeper of myocardial lipid metabolism and therapeutic target for metabolic disease. Physiol Rev 2024; 104:727-764. [PMID: 37882731 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00011.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The multifunctional membrane glycoprotein CD36 is expressed in different types of cells and plays a key regulatory role in cellular lipid metabolism, especially in cardiac muscle. CD36 facilitates the cellular uptake of long-chain fatty acids, mediates lipid signaling, and regulates storage and oxidation of lipids in various tissues with active lipid metabolism. CD36 deficiency leads to marked impairments in peripheral lipid metabolism, which consequently impact on the cellular utilization of multiple different fuels because of the integrated nature of metabolism. The functional presence of CD36 at the plasma membrane is regulated by its reversible subcellular recycling from and to endosomes and is under the control of mechanical, hormonal, and nutritional factors. Aberrations in this dynamic role of CD36 are causally associated with various metabolic diseases, in particular insulin resistance, diabetic cardiomyopathy, and cardiac hypertrophy. Recent research in cardiac muscle has disclosed the endosomal proton pump vacuolar-type H+-ATPase (v-ATPase) as a key enzyme regulating subcellular CD36 recycling and being the site of interaction between various substrates to determine cellular substrate preference. In addition, evidence is accumulating that interventions targeting CD36 directly or modulating its subcellular recycling are effective for the treatment of metabolic diseases. In conclusion, subcellular CD36 localization is the major adaptive regulator of cellular uptake and metabolism of long-chain fatty acids and appears a suitable target for metabolic modulation therapy to mend failing hearts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jan F C Glatz
- Department of Genetics & Cell Biology, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Lisa C Heather
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy & Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Joost J F P Luiken
- Department of Genetics & Cell Biology, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Chaurasiya V, Nidhina Haridas PA, Olkkonen VM. Adipocyte-endothelial cell interplay in adipose tissue physiology. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 222:116081. [PMID: 38408682 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Adipose tissue (AT) expansion through hyperplasia or hypertrophy requires vascular remodeling that involves angiogenesis. There is quite some evidence that obese white AT (WAT) displays altered vasculature. Some studies suggest that this is associated with hypoxia, which is thought to play a role in inducing inflammatory activation of the excessively expanding WAT. Increasing evidence, based on genetic manipulations or treatments with inhibitory or activator pharmaceuticals, demonstrates that AT angiogenesis is crucial for AT metabolic function, and thereby for whole body metabolism and metabolic health. Despite some contradiction between studies, disturbance of WAT angiogenesis in obesity could be an important factor driving WAT dysfunction and the comorbidities of obesity. Endothelial cells (ECs) contribute to healthy WAT metabolism via transport of fatty acids and other plasma components, secretory signaling molecules, and extracellular vesicles (EVs). This communication is crucial for adipocyte metabolism and underscores the key role that the AT endothelium plays in systemic energy homeostasis and healthy metabolism. Adipocytes communicate towards the neighboring endothelium through several mechanisms. The pro-inflammatory status of hypertrophic adipocytes in obesity is reflected in ECs activation, which promotes chronic inflammation. On the other hand, adiponectin secreted by the adipocytes is important for healthy endothelial function, and adipocytes also secrete other pro- or anti-angiogenic effector molecules and a wealth of EVs - however, their detailed roles in signaling towards the endothelium are yet poorly understood. To conclude, targeting AT angiogenesis and promoting the healthy communication between adipocytes and ECs represent potentially promising strategies to treat obesity and its comorbidities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vaishali Chaurasiya
- Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Helsinki, Finland, and Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - P A Nidhina Haridas
- Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Helsinki, Finland, and Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Vesa M Olkkonen
- Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Helsinki, Finland, and Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Finland.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Thilakarathna WPDW, Rupasinghe HPV. Proanthocyanidins-Based Synbiotics as a Novel Strategy for Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) Risk Reduction. Molecules 2024; 29:709. [PMID: 38338453 PMCID: PMC10856248 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29030709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), the most common liver disease worldwide, is a spectrum of liver abnormalities ranging from steatosis to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) characterized by excessive lipid accumulation. The prevalence of NAFLD is predicted to increase rapidly, demanding novel approaches to reduce the global NAFLD burden. Flavonoids, the most abundant dietary polyphenols, can reduce the risk of NAFLD. The majority of dietary flavonoids are proanthocyanidins (PACs), which are oligomers and polymers of the flavonoid sub-group flavan-3-ols. The efficacy of PAC in reducing the NAFLD risk can be significantly hindered by low bioavailability. The development of synbiotics by combining PAC with probiotics may increase effectiveness against NAFLD by biotransforming PAC into bioavailable metabolites. PAC and probiotic bacteria are capable of mitigating steatosis primarily through suppressing de novo lipogenesis and promoting fatty acid β-oxidation. PAC and probiotic bacteria can reduce the progression of steatosis to NASH mainly through ameliorating hepatic damage and inflammation induced by hepatic oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and gut microbiota dysbiosis. Synbiotics of PAC are superior in reducing the risk of NAFLD compared to independent administration of PAC and probiotics. The development of PAC-based synbiotics can be a novel strategy to mitigate the increasing incidence of NAFLD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wasitha P. D. W. Thilakarathna
- Department of Plant, Food, and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Dalhousie University, Truro, NS B2N 5E3, Canada;
| | - H. P. Vasantha Rupasinghe
- Department of Plant, Food, and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Dalhousie University, Truro, NS B2N 5E3, Canada;
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4H7, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Jiang M, Karsenberg R, Bianchi F, van den Bogaart G. CD36 as a double-edged sword in cancer. Immunol Lett 2024; 265:7-15. [PMID: 38122906 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2023.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
The membrane protein CD36 is a lipid transporter, scavenger receptor, and receptor for the antiangiogenic protein thrombospondin 1 (TSP1). CD36 is expressed by cancer cells and by many associated cells including various cancer-infiltrating immune cell types. Thereby, CD36 plays critical roles in cancer, and it has been reported to affect cancer growth, metastasis, angiogenesis, and drug resistance. However, these roles are partly contradictory, as CD36 has been both reported to promote and inhibit cancer progression. Moreover, the mechanisms are also partly contradictory, because CD36 has been shown to exert opposite cellular effects such as cell division, senescence and cell death. This review provides an overview of the diverse effects of CD36 on tumor progression, aiming to shed light on its diverse pro- and anti-cancer roles, and the implications for therapeutic targeting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muwei Jiang
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen, 9747AG, Nijenborgh 7, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Renske Karsenberg
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen, 9747AG, Nijenborgh 7, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Frans Bianchi
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen, 9747AG, Nijenborgh 7, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Geert van den Bogaart
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen, 9747AG, Nijenborgh 7, Groningen, the Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Chocarro-Calvo A, Jociles-Ortega M, García-Martinez JM, Louphrasitthiphol P, Garcia YV, Ramírez-Sánchez A, Chauhan J, Fiuza MC, Duran M, García-Jiménez C, Goding CR. Phenotype-specific melanoma uptake of fatty acid from human adipocytes activates AXL and CAV1-dependent β-catenin nuclear accumulation. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.01.21.576568. [PMID: 38328032 PMCID: PMC10849526 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.21.576568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Phenotypic diversity of cancer cells within tumors generated through bi-directional interactions with the tumor microenvironment has emerged as a major driver of disease progression and therapy resistance. Nutrient availability plays a critical role in determining phenotype, but whether specific nutrients elicit different responses on distinct phenotypes is poorly understood. Here we show, using melanoma as a model, that only MITF Low undifferentiated cells, but not MITF High cells, are competent to drive lipolysis in human adipocytes. In contrast to MITF High melanomas, adipocyte-derived free fatty acids are taken up by undifferentiated MITF Low cells via a fatty acid transporter (FATP)-independent mechanism. Importantly, oleic acid (OA), a monounsaturated long chain fatty acid abundant in adipose tissue and lymph, reprograms MITF Low undifferentiated melanoma cells to a highly invasive state by ligand-independent activation of AXL, a receptor tyrosine kinase associated with therapy resistance in a wide range of cancers. AXL activation by OA then drives SRC-dependent formation and nuclear translocation of a β-catenin-CAV1 complex. The results highlight how a specific nutritional input drives phenotype-specific activation of a pro-metastasis program with implications for FATP-targeted therapies.
Collapse
|
7
|
Bhowmick S, Biswas T, Ahmed M, Roy D, Mondal S. Caveolin-1 and lipids: Association and their dualism in oncogenic regulation. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2023; 1878:189002. [PMID: 37848094 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2023.189002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
Caveolin-1 (Cav-1) is a structural protein of caveolae that functions as a molecular organizer for different cellular functions including endocytosis and cellular signaling. Cancer cells take advantage of the physical position of Cav-1, as it can communicate with extracellular matrix, help to organize growth factor receptors, redistribute cholesterol and glycosphingolipids, and finally transduce signals within the cells for oncogenesis. Recent studies emphasize the exceeding involvement of Cav-1 with different lipid bodies and in altering the metabolism, especially lipid metabolism. However, the association of Cav-1 with different lipid bodies like lipid rafts, lipid droplets, cholesterols, sphingolipids, and fatty acids is remarkably dynamic. The lipid-Cav-1 alliance plays a dual role in carcinogenesis. Both cancer progression and regression are modified and affected by the type of lipid molecule's association with Cav-1. Accordingly, this Cav-1-lipid cooperation exemplifies a cancer-type-specific treatment strategy for a better prognosis of the disease. In this review, we first present Cav-1 as an oncogenic molecule and its communication via lipid raft. We discussed the involvement of Cav-1 with lipid droplets, Cholesterol, sphingolipids, gangliosides, and ceramides. Further, we describe the Cav-1-mediated altered Fatty acid metabolism in cancer and the strategic therapeutic approaches toward Cav-1 targeting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sramana Bhowmick
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, 86/1 College Street, Kolkata 700073, West Bengal, India
| | - Tannishtha Biswas
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, 86/1 College Street, Kolkata 700073, West Bengal, India
| | - Mehnaz Ahmed
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, 86/1 College Street, Kolkata 700073, West Bengal, India
| | - Debarshi Roy
- Department of Biological Sciences, Alcorn State University, Lorman, MS 39096, USA
| | - Susmita Mondal
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, 86/1 College Street, Kolkata 700073, West Bengal, India.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Feng L, Chen X, Huang Y, Zhang X, Zheng S, Xie N. Immunometabolism changes in fibrosis: from mechanisms to therapeutic strategies. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1243675. [PMID: 37576819 PMCID: PMC10412938 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1243675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Immune cells are essential for initiating and developing the fibrotic process by releasing cytokines and growth factors that activate fibroblasts and promote extracellular matrix deposition. Immunometabolism describes how metabolic alterations affect the function of immune cells and how inflammation and immune responses regulate systemic metabolism. The disturbed immune cell function and their interactions with other cells in the tissue microenvironment lead to the origin and advancement of fibrosis. Understanding the dysregulated metabolic alterations and interactions between fibroblasts and the immune cells is critical for providing new therapeutic targets for fibrosis. This review provides an overview of recent advances in the pathophysiology of fibrosis from the immunometabolism aspect, highlighting the altered metabolic pathways in critical immune cell populations and the impact of inflammation on fibroblast metabolism during the development of fibrosis. We also discuss how this knowledge could be leveraged to develop novel therapeutic strategies for treating fibrotic diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lixiang Feng
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
| | - Xingyu Chen
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
| | - Yujing Huang
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaodian Zhang
- Hainan Cancer Clinical Medical Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, Key Laboratory of Tropical Cardiovascular Diseases Research of Hainan Province and Key Laboratory of Emergency and Trauma of Ministry of Education, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Shaojiang Zheng
- Hainan Cancer Clinical Medical Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, Key Laboratory of Tropical Cardiovascular Diseases Research of Hainan Province and Key Laboratory of Emergency and Trauma of Ministry of Education, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
- Department of Pathology, Hainan Women and Children Medical Center, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Na Xie
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Peche VS, Pietka TA, Jacome-Sosa M, Samovski D, Palacios H, Chatterjee-Basu G, Dudley AC, Beatty W, Meyer GA, Goldberg IJ, Abumrad NA. Endothelial cell CD36 regulates membrane ceramide formation, exosome fatty acid transfer and circulating fatty acid levels. Nat Commun 2023; 14:4029. [PMID: 37419919 PMCID: PMC10329018 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-39752-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Endothelial cell (EC) CD36 controls tissue fatty acid (FA) uptake. Here we examine how ECs transfer FAs. FA interaction with apical membrane CD36 induces Src phosphorylation of caveolin-1 tyrosine-14 (Cav-1Y14) and ceramide generation in caveolae. Ensuing fission of caveolae yields vesicles containing FAs, CD36 and ceramide that are secreted basolaterally as small (80-100 nm) exosome-like extracellular vesicles (sEVs). We visualize in transwells EC transfer of FAs in sEVs to underlying myotubes. In mice with EC-expression of the exosome marker emeraldGFP-CD63, muscle fibers accumulate circulating FAs in emGFP-labeled puncta. The FA-sEV pathway is mapped through its suppression by CD36 depletion, blocking actin-remodeling, Src inhibition, Cav-1Y14 mutation, and neutral sphingomyelinase 2 inhibition. Suppression of sEV formation in mice reduces muscle FA uptake, raises circulating FAs, which remain in blood vessels, and lowers glucose, mimicking prominent Cd36-/- mice phenotypes. The findings show that FA uptake influences membrane ceramide, endocytosis, and EC communication with parenchymal cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- V S Peche
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nutritional Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA.
| | - T A Pietka
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nutritional Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - M Jacome-Sosa
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nutritional Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - D Samovski
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nutritional Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - H Palacios
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nutritional Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - G Chatterjee-Basu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nutritional Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - A C Dudley
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA
| | - W Beatty
- Department of Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - G A Meyer
- Departments of Physical Therapy, Neurology and Orthopedic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, 63110, USA
| | - I J Goldberg
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - N A Abumrad
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nutritional Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA.
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Samovski D, Jacome-Sosa M, Abumrad NA. Fatty Acid Transport and Signaling: Mechanisms and Physiological Implications. Annu Rev Physiol 2023; 85:317-337. [PMID: 36347219 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-physiol-032122-030352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Long-chain fatty acids (FAs) are components of plasma membranes and an efficient fuel source and also serve as metabolic regulators through FA signaling mediated by membrane FA receptors. Impaired tissue FA uptake has been linked to major complications of obesity, including insulin resistance, cardiovascular disease, and type 2 diabetes. Fatty acid interactions with a membrane receptor and the initiation of signaling can modify pathways related to nutrient uptake and processing, cell proliferation or differentiation, and secretion of bioactive factors. Here, we review the major membrane receptors involved in FA uptake and FA signaling. We focus on two types of membrane receptors for long-chain FAs: CD36 and the G protein-coupled FA receptors FFAR1 and FFAR4. We describe key signaling pathways and metabolic outcomes for CD36, FFAR1, and FFAR4 and highlight the parallels that provide insight into FA regulation of cell function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dmitri Samovski
- Center for Human Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA;
| | - Miriam Jacome-Sosa
- Center for Human Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA;
| | - Nada A Abumrad
- Center for Human Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA; .,Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Kim B, Arany Z. Endothelial Lipid Metabolism. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med 2022; 12:a041162. [PMID: 35074792 PMCID: PMC9310950 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a041162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Endothelial cells (ECs) line all vessels of all vertebrates and are fundamental to organismal metabolism. ECs rely on their metabolism both to transport nutrients in and out of underlying parenchyma, and to support their own cellular activities, including angiogenesis. ECs primarily consume glucose, and much is known of how ECs transport and consume glucose and other carbohydrates. In contrast, how lipids are transported, and the role of lipids in normal EC function, has garnered less attention. We review here recent developments on the role of lipids in endothelial metabolism, with a focus on lipid uptake and transport in quiescent endothelium, and the use of lipid pathways during angiogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Boa Kim
- Cardiovascular Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Zolt Arany
- Cardiovascular Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Li J, Qian H, Pi F, Wang BX. Bioavailability evaluation of the intestinal absorption and liver accumulation of torularhodin using a rat postprandial model. Food Funct 2022; 13:5946-5952. [PMID: 35617027 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo03707b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Torularhodin, as a new functional carotenoid, possesses great application potential in disease intervention. However, its absorption process and corresponding mechanism have not been studied. In this study, a rat postprandial model was established to explore the absorption and mechanism of torularhodin by investigating the bioavailability of torularhodin in different tissues, the expression of related enzymes and several transporters in the intestine. The results showed that torularhodin entered the intestine faster from micelles (45.21 ± 2.61% was absorbed in the duodenum), and part of it was metabolized into retinol in the anterior segment of the intestine. The expression of genes indicated that absorption of torularhodin in the intestine might require transporter CD36 and SR-B1. The special structure and target organ might be speculated to be the main reason for the low bioavailability of torularhodin in the serum and liver. The results could lay a theoretical foundation for the chemical modification, carrier and subsequent development of torularhodin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiayi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, People's Republic of China. .,School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, People's Republic of China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi Jiangsu 214122, People's Republic of China
| | - He Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, People's Republic of China. .,Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi Jiangsu 214122, People's Republic of China
| | - Fuwei Pi
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, People's Republic of China. .,Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi Jiangsu 214122, People's Republic of China
| | - Ben-Xin Wang
- School of Science, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Zhang Y, Dong D, Xu X, He H, Zhu Y, Lei T, Ou H. Oxidized high-density lipoprotein promotes CD36 palmitoylation and increases lipid uptake in macrophages. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:102000. [PMID: 35500650 PMCID: PMC9144050 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.102000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidized high-density lipoprotein (oxHDL) reduces the ability of cells to mediate reverse cholesterol transport and also shows atherogenic properties. Palmitoylation of cluster of differentiation 36 (CD36), an important receptor mediating lipoprotein uptake, is required for fatty acid endocytosis. However, the relationship between oxHDL and CD36 has not been described in mechanistic detail. Here, we demonstrate using acyl-biotin exchange analysis that oxHDL activates CD36 by increasing CD36 palmitoylation, which promotes efficient uptake in macrophages. This modification increased CD36 incorporation into plasma lipid rafts and activated downstream signaling mediators, such as Lyn, Fyn, and c-Jun N-terminal kinase, which elicited enhanced oxHDL uptake and foam cell formation. Furthermore, blocking CD36 palmitoylation with the pharmacological inhibitor 2-bromopalmitate decreased cell surface translocation and lowered oxHDL uptake in oxHDL-treated macrophages. We verified these results by transfecting oxHDL-induced macrophages with vectors expressing wildtype or mutant CD36 (mCD36) in which the cytoplasmic palmitoylated cysteine residues were replaced. We show that cells containing mCD36 exhibited less palmitoylated CD36, disrupted plasma membrane trafficking, and reduced protein stability. Moreover, in ApoE−/−CD36−/− mice, lipid accumulation at the aortic root in mice receiving the mCD36 vector was decreased, suggesting that CD36 palmitoylation is responsible for lipid uptake in vivo. Finally, our data indicated that palmitoylation of CD36 was dependent on DHHC6 (Asp-His-His-Cys) acyltransferase and its cofactor selenoprotein K, which increased the CD36/caveolin-1 interaction and membrane targeting in cells exposed to oxHDL. Altogether, our study uncovers a causal link between oxHDL and CD36 palmitoylation and provides insight into foam cell formation and atherogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yun Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Doudou Dong
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Xiaoting Xu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Hui He
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Yuan Zhu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Tingwen Lei
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Hailong Ou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Transmembrane glycoprotein cluster of differentiation 36 (CD36) is a scavenger receptor class B protein (SR-B2) that serves various functions in lipid metabolism and signaling, in particular facilitating the cellular uptake of long-chain fatty acids. Recent studies have disclosed CD36 to play a prominent regulatory role in cellular fatty acid metabolism in both health and disease. RECENT FINDINGS The rate of cellular fatty acid uptake is short-term (i.e., minutes) regulated by the subcellular recycling of CD36 between endosomes and the plasma membrane. This recycling is governed by the activity of vacuolar-type H+-ATPase (v-ATPase) in the endosomal membrane via assembly and disassembly of two subcomplexes. The latter process is being influenced by metabolic substrates including fatty acids, glucose and specific amino acids, together resulting in a dynamic interplay to modify cellular substrate preference and uptake rates. Moreover, in cases of metabolic disease v-ATPase activity was found to be affected while interventions aimed at normalizing v-ATPase functioning had therapeutic potential. SUMMARY The emerging central role of CD36 in cellular lipid homeostasis and recently obtained molecular insight in the interplay among metabolic substrates indicate the applicability of CD36 as target for metabolic modulation therapy in disease. Experimental studies already have shown the feasibility of this approach.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jan F.C. Glatz
- Department of Genetics & Cell Biology, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Center+
| | - Miranda Nabben
- Department of Genetics & Cell Biology, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Center+
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Joost J.F.P. Luiken
- Department of Genetics & Cell Biology, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Center+
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Paukner K, Králová Lesná I, Poledne R. Cholesterol in the Cell Membrane-An Emerging Player in Atherogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:533. [PMID: 35008955 PMCID: PMC8745363 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23010533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Membrane cholesterol is essential for cell membrane properties, just as serum cholesterol is important for the transport of molecules between organs. This review focuses on cholesterol transport between lipoproteins and lipid rafts on the surface of macrophages. Recent studies exploring this mechanism and recognition of the central dogma-the key role of macrophages in cardiovascular disease-have led to the notion that this transport mechanism plays a major role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. The exact molecular mechanism of this transport remains unclear. Future research will improve our understanding of the molecular and cellular bases of lipid raft-associated cholesterol transport.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karel Paukner
- Laboratory for Atherosclerosis Research, Centre for Experimental Medicine, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, 140 21 Prague, Czech Republic; (I.K.L.); (R.P.)
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, 128 44 Prague, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary Sciences Brno, Small Animal Clinic, 612 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Ivana Králová Lesná
- Laboratory for Atherosclerosis Research, Centre for Experimental Medicine, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, 140 21 Prague, Czech Republic; (I.K.L.); (R.P.)
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Medicine, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and University Military Hospital, 128 08 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Rudolf Poledne
- Laboratory for Atherosclerosis Research, Centre for Experimental Medicine, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, 140 21 Prague, Czech Republic; (I.K.L.); (R.P.)
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Le Lay S, Magré J, Prieur X. Not Enough Fat: Mouse Models of Inherited Lipodystrophy. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:785819. [PMID: 35250856 PMCID: PMC8895270 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.785819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipodystrophies belong to the heterogenous group of syndromes in which the primary defect is a generalized or partial absence of adipose tissue, which may be congenital or acquired in origin. Lipodystrophy should be considered in patients manifesting the combination of insulin resistance (with or without overt diabetes), dyslipidemia and fatty liver. Lipodystrophies are classified according to the etiology of the disease (genetic or acquired) and to the anatomical distribution of adipose tissue (generalized or partial). The mechanism of adipose tissue loss is specific to each syndrome, depending on the biological function of the mutated gene. Mice models, together with cellular studies have permitted clarification of the mechanisms by which human mutations deeply compromise adipocyte homeostasis. In addition, rodent models have proven to be crucial in deciphering the cardiometabolic consequences of the lack of adipose tissue such as NAFLD, muscle insulin resistance and cardiomyopathy. More precisely, tissue-specific transgenic and knockout mice have brought new tools to distinguish phenotypic traits that are the consequences of lipodystrophy from those that are cell-autonomous. In this review, we discuss the mice models of lipodystrophy including those of inherited human syndromes of generalized and partial lipodystrophy. We present how these models have demonstrated the central role of white adipose tissue in energetic homeostasis in general, including insulin sensitivity and lipid handling in particular. We underscore the differences reported with the human phenotype and discuss the limit of rodent models in recapitulating adipose tissue primary default. Finally, we present how these mice models have highlighted the function of the causative-genes and brought new insights into the pathophysiology of the cardiometabolic complications associated with lipodystrophy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Soazig Le Lay
- Nantes Université, CNRS, INSERM, l’institut du thorax, Nantes, France
- Univ Angers, SFR ICAT, Angers, France
| | - Jocelyne Magré
- Nantes Université, CNRS, INSERM, l’institut du thorax, Nantes, France
| | - Xavier Prieur
- Nantes Université, CNRS, INSERM, l’institut du thorax, Nantes, France
- *Correspondence: Xavier Prieur,
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Abstract
During the last couples of years, a number of studies have increasingly accumulated on the gustatory perception of dietary fatty acids in rodent models and human beings in health and disease. There is still a debate to coin a specific term for the gustatory perception of dietary fatty acids either as the sixth basic taste quality or as an alimentary taste. Indeed, the psycho-physical cues of orosensory detection of dietary lipids are not as distinctly perceived as other taste qualities like sweet or bitter. The cellular and molecular pharmacological mechanisms, triggered by the binding of dietary long-chain fatty acids (LCFAs) to tongue taste bud lipid receptors like CD36 and GPR120, involve Ca2+ signaling as other five basic taste qualities. We have not only elucidated the role of Ca2+ signaling but also identified different components of the second messenger cascade like STIM1 and MAP kinases, implicated in fat taste perception. We have also demonstrated the implication of Calhm1 voltage-gated channels and store-operated Ca2+ (SOC) channels like Orai1, Orai1/3, and TRPC3 in gustatory perception of dietary fatty acids. We have not only employed siRNA technology in vitro and ex vivo on tissues but also used animal models of genetic invalidation of STIM1, ERK1, Orai1, Calhm1 genes to explore their implications in fat taste signal transduction. Moreover, our laboratory has also demonstrated the importance of LCFAs detection dysfunction in obesity in animal models and human beings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aziz Hichami
- Physiologie de la Nutrition and Toxicologie (NUTox), UMR1231 INSERM/Université de Bourgogne, Dijon, France
| | - Amira Sayed Khan
- Physiologie de la Nutrition and Toxicologie (NUTox), UMR1231 INSERM/Université de Bourgogne, Dijon, France
| | - Naim Akhtar Khan
- Physiologie de la Nutrition and Toxicologie (NUTox), UMR1231 INSERM/Université de Bourgogne, Dijon, France.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Kruglikov IL, Zhang Z, Scherer PE. Skin aging: Dermal adipocytes metabolically reprogram dermal fibroblasts. Bioessays 2022; 44:e2100207. [PMID: 34766637 PMCID: PMC8688300 DOI: 10.1002/bies.202100207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Emerging data connects the aging process in dermal fibroblasts with metabolic reprogramming, provided by enhanced fatty acid oxidation and reduced glycolysis. This switch may be caused by a significant expansion of the dermal white adipose tissue (dWAT) layer in aged, hair-covered skin. Dermal adipocytes cycle through de-differentiation and re-differentiation. As a result, there is a strongly enhanced release of free fatty acids into the extracellular space during the de-differentiation of dermal adipocytes in the catagen phase of the hair follicle cycle. Both caveolin-1 and adiponectin are critical factors influencing these processes. Controlling the expression levels of these two factors also offers the ability to manipulate the metabolic preferences of the different cell types within the microenvironment of the skin, including dermal fibroblasts. Differential expression of adiponectin and caveolin-1 in the various cell types may also be responsible for the cellular metabolic heterogeneity within the cells of the skin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Zhuzhen Zhang
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-8549, USA
| | - Philipp E. Scherer
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-8549, USA,Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-8549, USA,Corresponding author: Scherer, P.E.,
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Luo S, Yang M, Zhao H, Han Y, Jiang N, Yang J, Chen W, Li C, Liu Y, Zhao C, Sun L. Caveolin-1 Regulates Cellular Metabolism: A Potential Therapeutic Target in Kidney Disease. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:768100. [PMID: 34955837 PMCID: PMC8703113 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.768100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The kidney is an energy-consuming organ, and cellular metabolism plays an indispensable role in kidney-related diseases. Caveolin-1 (Cav-1), a multifunctional membrane protein, is the main component of caveolae on the plasma membrane. Caveolae are represented by tiny invaginations that are abundant on the plasma membrane and that serve as a platform to regulate cellular endocytosis, stress responses, and signal transduction. However, caveolae have received increasing attention as a metabolic platform that mediates the endocytosis of albumin, cholesterol, and glucose, participates in cellular metabolic reprogramming and is involved in the progression of kidney disease. It is worth noting that caveolae mainly depend on Cav-1 to perform the abovementioned cellular functions. Furthermore, the mechanism by which Cav-1 regulates cellular metabolism and participates in the pathophysiology of kidney diseases has not been completely elucidated. In this review, we introduce the structure and function of Cav-1 and its functions in regulating cellular metabolism, autophagy, and oxidative stress, focusing on the relationship between Cav-1 in cellular metabolism and kidney disease; in addition, Cav-1 that serves as a potential therapeutic target for treatment of kidney disease is also described.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shilu Luo
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Changsha, China
| | - Ming Yang
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Changsha, China
| | - Hao Zhao
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Changsha, China
| | - Yachun Han
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Changsha, China
| | - Na Jiang
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Changsha, China
| | - Jinfei Yang
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Changsha, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Changsha, China
| | - Chenrui Li
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Changsha, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Changsha, China
| | - Chanyue Zhao
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Changsha, China
| | - Lin Sun
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease and Blood Purification, Changsha, China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Lands B. Lipid nutrition: "In silico" studies and undeveloped experiments. Prog Lipid Res 2021; 85:101142. [PMID: 34818526 DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2021.101142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
This review examines lipids and lipid-binding sites on proteins in relation to cardiovascular disease. Lipid nutrition involves food energy from ingested fatty acids plus fatty acids formed from excess ingested carbohydrate and protein. Non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) and lipoproteins have many detailed attributes not evident in their names. Recognizing attributes of lipid-protein interactions decreases unexpected outcomes. Details of double bond position and configuration interacting with protein binding sites have unexpected consequences in acyltransferase and cell replication events. Highly unsaturated fatty acids (HUFA) have n-3 and n-6 motifs with documented differences in intensity of destabilizing positive feedback loops amplifying pathophysiology. However, actions of NEFA have been neglected relative to cholesterol, which is co-produced from excess food. Native low-density lipoproteins (LDL) bind to a high-affinity cell surface receptor which poorly recognizes biologically modified LDLs. NEFA increase negative charge of LDL and decrease its processing by "normal" receptors while increasing processing by "scavenger" receptors. A positive feedback loop in the recruitment of monocytes and macrophages amplifies chronic inflammatory pathophysiology. Computer tools combine multiple components in lipid nutrition and predict balance of energy and n-3:n-6 HUFA. The tools help design and execute precise clinical nutrition monitoring that either supports or disproves expectations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bill Lands
- Fellow ASN, AAAS, SFRBM, ISSFAL, College Park, MD, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Henderson J, O'Reilly S. The emerging role of metabolism in fibrosis. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2021; 32:639-653. [PMID: 34024695 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2021.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The metabolic shift that cancer cells undergo towards aerobic glycolysis was identified as a defining feature in tumours almost 100 years ago; however, it has only recently become apparent that similar metabolic reprogramming is a key feature in other diseases - with fibrosis now entering the fray. In this perspective, an overview of the recent evidence implicating increased glycolysis and glutaminolysis as mediators of fibrosis is presented, with a particular emphasis on the novel therapeutic possibilities this introduces. Furthermore, the impact that metabolic reprogramming has on redox homeostasis is discussed, providing an insight into how this often-overlooked mechanism may drive the pathogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John Henderson
- Department of Applied Sciences, Northumbria University, Ellison Place, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 8ST, UK
| | - Steven O'Reilly
- Biosciences, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, UK. steven.o'
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Karunakaran U, Elumalai S, Moon JS, Won KC. CD36 Signal Transduction in Metabolic Diseases: Novel Insights and Therapeutic Targeting. Cells 2021; 10:cells10071833. [PMID: 34360006 PMCID: PMC8305429 DOI: 10.3390/cells10071833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The cluster of differentiation 36 (CD36) is a scavenger receptor present on various types of cells and has multiple biological functions that may be important in inflammation and in the pathogenesis of metabolic diseases, including diabetes. Here, we consider recent insights into how the CD36 response becomes deregulated under metabolic conditions, as well as the therapeutic benefits of CD36 inhibition, which may provide clues for developing strategies aimed at the treatment or prevention of diabetes associated with metabolic diseases. To facilitate this process further, it is important to pinpoint regulatory mechanisms that are relevant under physiological and pathological conditions. In particular, understanding the mechanisms involved in dictating specific CD36 downstream cellular outcomes will aid in the discovery of potent compounds that target specific CD36 downstream signaling cascades.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Udayakumar Karunakaran
- Innovative Center for Aging Research, Yeungnam University Medical Center, Daegu 42415, Korea; (U.K.); (S.E.)
| | - Suma Elumalai
- Innovative Center for Aging Research, Yeungnam University Medical Center, Daegu 42415, Korea; (U.K.); (S.E.)
| | - Jun-Sung Moon
- Innovative Center for Aging Research, Yeungnam University Medical Center, Daegu 42415, Korea; (U.K.); (S.E.)
- Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu 42415, Korea
- Correspondence: (J.-S.M.); (K.-C.W.); Tel.: +82-53-620-3825 (J.-S.M.); +82-53-620-3846 (K.-C.W.)
| | - Kyu-Chang Won
- Innovative Center for Aging Research, Yeungnam University Medical Center, Daegu 42415, Korea; (U.K.); (S.E.)
- Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu 42415, Korea
- Correspondence: (J.-S.M.); (K.-C.W.); Tel.: +82-53-620-3825 (J.-S.M.); +82-53-620-3846 (K.-C.W.)
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Goldberg IJ, Cabodevilla AG, Samovski D, Cifarelli V, Basu D, Abumrad NA. Lipolytic enzymes and free fatty acids at the endothelial interface. Atherosclerosis 2021; 329:1-8. [PMID: 34130222 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2021.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Lipids released from circulating lipoproteins by intravascular action of lipoprotein lipase (LpL) reach parenchymal cells in tissues with a non-fenestrated endothelium by transfer through or around endothelial cells. The actions of LpL are controlled at multiple sites, its synthesis and release by myocytes and adipocytes, its transit and association with the endothelial cell luminal surface, and finally its activation and inhibition by a number of proteins and by its product non-esterified fatty acids. Multiple pathways mediate endothelial transit of lipids into muscle and adipose tissues. These include movement of fatty acids via the endothelial cell fatty acid transporter CD36 and movement of whole or partially LpL-hydrolyzed lipoproteins via other apical endothelial cell receptors such as SR-B1and Alk1. Lipids also likely change the barrier function of the endothelium and operation of the paracellular pathway around endothelial cells. This review summarizes in vitro and in vivo support for the key role of endothelial cells in delivery of lipids and highlights incompletely understood processes that are the focus of active investigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ira J Goldberg
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Ainara G Cabodevilla
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Dmitri Samovski
- Department of Medicine, Center for Human Nutrition, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Vincenza Cifarelli
- Department of Medicine, Center for Human Nutrition, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Debapriya Basu
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nada A Abumrad
- Department of Medicine, Center for Human Nutrition, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Dittrich GM, Froese N, Wang X, Kroeger H, Wang H, Szaroszyk M, Malek-Mohammadi M, Cordero J, Keles M, Korf-Klingebiel M, Wollert KC, Geffers R, Mayr M, Conway SJ, Dobreva G, Bauersachs J, Heineke J. Fibroblast GATA-4 and GATA-6 promote myocardial adaptation to pressure overload by enhancing cardiac angiogenesis. Basic Res Cardiol 2021; 116:26. [PMID: 33876316 PMCID: PMC8055639 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-021-00862-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Heart failure due to high blood pressure or ischemic injury remains a major problem for millions of patients worldwide. Despite enormous advances in deciphering the molecular mechanisms underlying heart failure progression, the cell-type specific adaptations and especially intercellular signaling remain poorly understood. Cardiac fibroblasts express high levels of cardiogenic transcription factors such as GATA-4 and GATA-6, but their role in fibroblasts during stress is not known. Here, we show that fibroblast GATA-4 and GATA-6 promote adaptive remodeling in pressure overload induced cardiac hypertrophy. Using a mouse model with specific single or double deletion of Gata4 and Gata6 in stress activated fibroblasts, we found a reduced myocardial capillarization in mice with Gata4/6 double deletion following pressure overload, while single deletion of Gata4 or Gata6 had no effect. Importantly, we confirmed the reduced angiogenic response using an in vitro co-culture system with Gata4/6 deleted cardiac fibroblasts and endothelial cells. A comprehensive RNA-sequencing analysis revealed an upregulation of anti-angiogenic genes upon Gata4/6 deletion in fibroblasts, and siRNA mediated downregulation of these genes restored endothelial cell growth. In conclusion, we identified a novel role for the cardiogenic transcription factors GATA-4 and GATA-6 in heart fibroblasts, where both proteins act in concert to promote myocardial capillarization and heart function by directing intercellular crosstalk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gesine M Dittrich
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, 30625, Hannover, Germany
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, European Center for Angioscience (ECAS), Medical Faculty Mannheim of Heidelberg University, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Germany
| | - Natali Froese
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Xue Wang
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, 30625, Hannover, Germany
- Shanghai Tianyou Hospital Affiliated To Tongji University, Shanghai, 200333, China
| | - Hannah Kroeger
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Honghui Wang
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Malgorzata Szaroszyk
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Mona Malek-Mohammadi
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, European Center for Angioscience (ECAS), Medical Faculty Mannheim of Heidelberg University, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Germany
| | - Julio Cordero
- Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, European Center for Angioscience (ECAS), Medical Faculty Mannheim of Heidelberg University, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Merve Keles
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, European Center for Angioscience (ECAS), Medical Faculty Mannheim of Heidelberg University, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
| | | | - Kai C Wollert
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Robert Geffers
- Genome Analytics, Helmholtz Center for Infection Research, 38124, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Manuel Mayr
- King's British Heart Foundation Centre, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Simon J Conway
- HB Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Gergana Dobreva
- Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, European Center for Angioscience (ECAS), Medical Faculty Mannheim of Heidelberg University, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Germany
| | - Johann Bauersachs
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Joerg Heineke
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, 30625, Hannover, Germany.
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, European Center for Angioscience (ECAS), Medical Faculty Mannheim of Heidelberg University, 68167, Mannheim, Germany.
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Germany.
- Cardiovascular Physiology, European Center for Angioscience (ECAS), Medizinische Fakultät Mannheim, Universität Heidelberg, Ludolf-Krehl-Str. 7-11, 68167, Mannheim, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Abumrad NA, Cabodevilla AG, Samovski D, Pietka T, Basu D, Goldberg IJ. Endothelial Cell Receptors in Tissue Lipid Uptake and Metabolism. Circ Res 2021; 128:433-450. [PMID: 33539224 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.120.318003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Lipid uptake and metabolism are central to the function of organs such as heart, skeletal muscle, and adipose tissue. Although most heart energy derives from fatty acids (FAs), excess lipid accumulation can cause cardiomyopathy. Similarly, high delivery of cholesterol can initiate coronary artery atherosclerosis. Hearts and arteries-unlike liver and adrenals-have nonfenestrated capillaries and lipid accumulation in both health and disease requires lipid movement from the circulation across the endothelial barrier. This review summarizes recent in vitro and in vivo findings on the importance of endothelial cell receptors and uptake pathways in regulating FAs and cholesterol uptake in normal physiology and cardiovascular disease. We highlight clinical and experimental data on the roles of ECs in lipid supply to tissues, heart, and arterial wall in particular, and how this affects organ metabolism and function. Models of FA uptake into ECs suggest that receptor-mediated uptake predominates at low FA concentrations, such as during fasting, whereas FA uptake during lipolysis of chylomicrons may involve paracellular movement. Similarly, in the setting of an intact arterial endothelial layer, recent and historic data support a role for receptor-mediated processes in the movement of lipoproteins into the subarterial space. We conclude with thoughts on the need to better understand endothelial lipid transfer for fuller comprehension of the pathophysiology of hyperlipidemia, and lipotoxic diseases such as some forms of cardiomyopathy and atherosclerosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nada A Abumrad
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO (N.A.A., D.S., T.P.)
| | - Ainara G Cabodevilla
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine (A.G.C., D.B., I.J.G.)
| | - Dmitri Samovski
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO (N.A.A., D.S., T.P.)
| | - Terri Pietka
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO (N.A.A., D.S., T.P.)
| | - Debapriya Basu
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine (A.G.C., D.B., I.J.G.)
| | - Ira J Goldberg
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine (A.G.C., D.B., I.J.G.)
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Abstract
Caveolae are specialised and dynamic plasma membrane subdomains, involved in many cellular functions including endocytosis, signal transduction, mechanosensing and lipid storage, trafficking, and metabolism. Two protein families are indispensable for caveola formation and function, namely caveolins and cavins. Mutations of genes encoding these caveolar proteins cause serious pathological conditions such as cardiomyopathies, skeletal muscle diseases, and lipodystrophies. Deregulation of caveola-forming protein expression is associated with many types of cancers including prostate cancer. The distinct function of secretion of the prostatic fluid, and the unique metabolic phenotype of prostate cells relying on lipid metabolism as a main bioenergetic pathway further suggest a significant role of caveolae and caveolar proteins in prostate malignancy. Accumulating in vitro, in vivo, and clinical evidence showed the association of caveolin-1 with prostate cancer grade, stage, metastasis, and drug resistance. In contrast, cavin-1 was found to exhibit tumour suppressive roles. Studies on prostate cancer were the first to show the distinct function of the caveolar proteins depending on their localisation within the caveolar compartment or as cytoplasmic or secreted proteins. In this review, we summarise the roles of caveola-forming proteins in prostate cancer and the potential of exploiting them as therapeutic targets or biological markers.
Collapse
|
27
|
Bionaz M, Vargas-Bello-Pérez E, Busato S. Advances in fatty acids nutrition in dairy cows: from gut to cells and effects on performance. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2020; 11:110. [PMID: 33292523 PMCID: PMC7667790 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-020-00512-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
High producing dairy cows generally receive in the diet up to 5-6% of fat. This is a relatively low amount of fat in the diet compared to diets in monogastrics; however, dietary fat is important for dairy cows as demonstrated by the benefits of supplementing cows with various fatty acids (FA). Several FA are highly bioactive, especially by affecting the transcriptome; thus, they have nutrigenomic effects. In the present review, we provide an up-to-date understanding of the utilization of FA by dairy cows including the main processes affecting FA in the rumen, molecular aspects of the absorption of FA by the gut, synthesis, secretion, and utilization of chylomicrons; uptake and metabolism of FA by peripheral tissues, with a main emphasis on the liver, and main transcription factors regulated by FA. Most of the advances in FA utilization by rumen microorganisms and intestinal absorption of FA in dairy cows were made before the end of the last century with little information generated afterwards. However, large advances on the molecular aspects of intestinal absorption and cellular uptake of FA were made on monogastric species in the last 20 years. We provide a model of FA utilization in dairy cows by using information generated in monogastrics and enriching it with data produced in dairy cows. We also reviewed the latest studies on the effects of dietary FA on milk yield, milk fatty acid composition, reproduction, and health in dairy cows. The reviewed data revealed a complex picture with the FA being active in each step of the way, starting from influencing rumen microbiota, regulating intestinal absorption, and affecting cellular uptake and utilization by peripheral tissues, making prediction on in vivo nutrigenomic effects of FA challenging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Bionaz
- Department of Animal and Rangeland Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA.
| | - Einar Vargas-Bello-Pérez
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Grønnegårdsvej 3, DK-1870, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Sebastiano Busato
- Department of Animal and Rangeland Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Wang J, Chen MY, Chen JF, Ren QL, Zhang JQ, Cao H, Xing BS, Pan CY. LncRNA IMFlnc1 promotes porcine intramuscular adipocyte adipogenesis by sponging miR-199a-5p to up-regulate CAV-1. BMC Mol Cell Biol 2020; 21:77. [PMID: 33148167 PMCID: PMC7640402 DOI: 10.1186/s12860-020-00324-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Local Chinese local pig breeds have thinner muscle fiber and higher intramuscular-fat (IMF) content. But its regulation mechanism has not been discussed in-depth. Studies indicated that long non coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play important role in muscle and fat development. Results The lncRNAs expressional differences in the longissimus dorsi (LD) muscle were identified between Huainan pigs (local Chinese pigs, fat-type, HN) and Large White pigs (lean-type, LW) at 38, 58, and 78 days post conception (dpc). In total, 2131 novel lncRNAs were identified in 18 samples, and 291, 305, and 683 differentially expressed lncRNAs (DELs) were found between these two breeds at three stages, respectively. The mRNAs that co-expressed with these DELs were used for GO and KEGG analysis, and the results showed that muscle development and energy metabolism were more active at 58 dpc in HN, but at 78 dpc in LW pigs. Muscle cell differentiation and myofibril assembly might associated with earlier myogenesis and primary-muscle-fiber assembly in HN, and cell proliferation, insulin, and the MAPK pathway might be contribute to longer proliferation and elevated energy metabolism in LW pigs at 78 dpc. The PI3K/Akt and cAMP pathways were associated with higher IMF deposition in HN. Intramuscular fat deposition-associated long noncoding RNA 1 (IMFlnc1) was selected for functional verification, and results indicated that it regulated the expressional level of caveolin-1 (CAV-1) by acting as competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) to sponge miR-199a-5p. Conclusions Our data contributed to understanding the role of lncRNAs in porcine-muscle development and IMF deposition, and provided valuable information for improving pig-meat quality. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12860-020-00324-8.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Farm Animal Breeding and Nutritional Regulation, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Number 116, Hua Yuan Road, Jinshui District, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Ming-Yue Chen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Ministry of Agriculture, Number 22, Xi Nong Road, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jun-Feng Chen
- Henan Key Laboratory of Farm Animal Breeding and Nutritional Regulation, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Number 116, Hua Yuan Road, Jinshui District, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Qiao-Ling Ren
- Henan Key Laboratory of Farm Animal Breeding and Nutritional Regulation, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Number 116, Hua Yuan Road, Jinshui District, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Jia-Qing Zhang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Farm Animal Breeding and Nutritional Regulation, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Number 116, Hua Yuan Road, Jinshui District, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Hai Cao
- Henan Xing Rui Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Technology Co., LTD, Number 59, Jie Fang Road, Xinxian, Xinyang, 465550, China
| | - Bao-Song Xing
- Henan Key Laboratory of Farm Animal Breeding and Nutritional Regulation, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Number 116, Hua Yuan Road, Jinshui District, Zhengzhou, 450002, China.
| | - Chuan-Ying Pan
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Ministry of Agriculture, Number 22, Xi Nong Road, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Buwa N, Mazumdar D, Balasubramanian N. Caveolin1 Tyrosine-14 Phosphorylation: Role in Cellular Responsiveness to Mechanical Cues. J Membr Biol 2020; 253:509-534. [PMID: 33089394 DOI: 10.1007/s00232-020-00143-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The plasma membrane is a dynamic lipid bilayer that engages with the extracellular microenvironment and intracellular cytoskeleton. Caveolae are distinct plasma membrane invaginations lined by integral membrane proteins Caveolin1, 2, and 3. Caveolae formation and stability is further supported by additional proteins including Cavin1, EHD2, Pacsin2 and ROR1. The lipid composition of caveolar membranes, rich in cholesterol and phosphatidylserine, actively contributes to caveolae formation and function. Post-translational modifications of Cav1, including its phosphorylation of the tyrosine-14 residue (pY14Cav1) are vital to its function in and out of caveolae. Cells that experience significant mechanical stress are seen to have abundant caveolae. They play a vital role in regulating cellular signaling and endocytosis, which could further affect the abundance and distribution of caveolae at the PM, contributing to sensing and/or buffering mechanical stress. Changes in membrane tension in cells responding to multiple mechanical stimuli affects the organization and function of caveolae. These mechanical cues regulate pY14Cav1 levels and function in caveolae and focal adhesions. This review, along with looking at the mechanosensitive nature of caveolae, focuses on the role of pY14Cav1 in regulating cellular mechanotransduction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natasha Buwa
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune, 411008, India
| | - Debasmita Mazumdar
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune, 411008, India
| | - Nagaraj Balasubramanian
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune, 411008, India.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
CD36 facilitates fatty acid uptake by dynamic palmitoylation-regulated endocytosis. Nat Commun 2020; 11:4765. [PMID: 32958780 PMCID: PMC7505845 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-18565-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 179] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Fatty acids (FAs) are essential nutrients, but how they are transported into cells remains unclear. Here, we show that FAs trigger caveolae-dependent CD36 internalization, which in turn delivers FAs into adipocytes. During the process, binding of FAs to CD36 activates its downstream kinase LYN, which phosphorylates DHHC5, the palmitoyl acyltransferase of CD36, at Tyr91 and inactivates it. CD36 then gets depalmitoylated by APT1 and recruits another tyrosine kinase SYK to phosphorylate JNK and VAVs to initiate endocytic uptake of FAs. Blocking CD36 internalization by inhibiting APT1, LYN or SYK abolishes CD36-dependent FA uptake. Restricting CD36 at either palmitoylated or depalmitoylated state eliminates its FA uptake activity, indicating an essential role of dynamic palmitoylation of CD36. Furthermore, blocking endocytosis by targeting LYN or SYK inhibits CD36-dependent lipid droplet growth in adipocytes and high-fat-diet induced weight gain in mice. Our study has uncovered a dynamic palmitoylation-regulated endocytic pathway to take up FAs.
Collapse
|
31
|
Shah DS, Nisr RB, Stretton C, Krasteva-Christ G, Hundal HS. Caveolin-3 deficiency associated with the dystrophy P104L mutation impairs skeletal muscle mitochondrial form and function. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2020; 11:838-858. [PMID: 32090499 PMCID: PMC7296273 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.12541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Revised: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Caveolin-3 (Cav3) is the principal structural component of caveolae in skeletal muscle. Dominant pathogenic mutations in the Cav3 gene, such as the Limb Girdle Muscular Dystrophy-1C (LGMD1C) P104L mutation, result in substantial loss of Cav3 and myopathic changes characterized by muscle weakness and wasting. We hypothesize such myopathy may also be associated with disturbances in mitochondrial biology. Herein, we report studies assessing the effects of Cav3 deficiency on mitochondrial form and function in skeletal muscle cells. METHODS L6 myoblasts were stably transfected with Cav3P104L or expression of native Cav3 repressed by shRNA or CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing prior to performing fixed/live cell imaging of mitochondrial morphology, subcellular fractionation and immunoblotting, or analysis of real time mitochondrial respiration. Skeletal muscle from wild-type and Cav3-/- mice was processed for analysis of mitochondrial proteins by immunoblotting. RESULTS Caveolin-3 was detected in mitochondrial-enriched membranes isolated from mouse gastrocnemius muscle and L6 myoblasts. Expression of Cav3P104L in L6 myoblasts led to its targeting to the Golgi and loss of native Cav3 (>95%), including that associated with mitochondrial membranes. Cav3P104L reduced mitochondrial mass and induced fragmentation of the mitochondrial network that was associated with significant loss of proteins involved in mitochondrial biogenesis, respiration, morphology, and redox function [i.e. PGC1α, succinate dehyrdogenase (SDHA), ANT1, MFN2, OPA1, and MnSOD). Furthermore, Cav3P104L myoblasts exhibited increased mitochondrial cholesterol and loss of cardiolipin. Consistent with these changes, Cav3P104L expression reduced mitochondrial respiratory capacity and increased myocellular superoxide production. These morphological, biochemical, and functional mitochondrial changes were phenocopied in myoblasts in which Cav3 had been silenced/knocked-out using shRNA or CRISPR. Reduced mitochondrial mass, PGC1α, SDHA, ANT1, and MnSOD were also demonstrable in Cav3-/- mouse gastrocnemius. Strikingly, Cav3 re-expression in Cav3KO myoblasts restored its mitochondrial association and facilitated reformation of a tubular mitochondrial network. Significantly, re-expression also mitigated changes in mitochondrial superoxide, cholesterol, and cardiolipin content and recovered cellular respiratory capacity. CONCLUSIONS Our results identify Cav3 as an important regulator of mitochondrial homeostasis and reveal that Cav3 deficiency in muscle cells associated with the Cav3P104L mutation invokes major disturbances in mitochondrial respiration and energy status that may contribute to the pathology of LGMD1C.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dinesh S Shah
- Division of Cell Signalling and Immunology, Sir James Black Centre, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Raid B Nisr
- Division of Cell Signalling and Immunology, Sir James Black Centre, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Clare Stretton
- Division of Cell Signalling and Immunology, Sir James Black Centre, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Gabriela Krasteva-Christ
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Harinder S Hundal
- Division of Cell Signalling and Immunology, Sir James Black Centre, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Gupta N, Goswami R, Alharbi MO, Biswas D, Rahaman SO. TRPV4 is a regulator in P. gingivalis lipopolysaccharide-induced exacerbation of macrophage foam cell formation. Physiol Rep 2020; 7:e14069. [PMID: 30980509 PMCID: PMC6461712 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.14069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Revised: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Porphyromonas gingivalis (P.g), a major causative agent of periodontitis, has been linked to atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammatory vascular disease. Recent studies have suggested a link between periodontitis and arterial stiffness, a risk factor for atherosclerosis. However, the mechanisms by which P.g infection contributes to atherogenesis remain elusive. The formation of lipid-laden macrophage "foam cells" is critically important to development and progression of atherosclerosis. We have obtained evidence that TRPV4 (transient receptor potential channel of the vanilloid subfamily 4), a mechanosensitive channel, is a regulator of macrophage foam cell formation both in response to P.g-derived lipopolysaccharide (PgLPS) or to an increase in matrix stiffness. Importantly, we found that TRPV4 activity (Ca2+ influx) was increased in response to PgLPS. Genetic deletion or chemical antagonism of TRPV4 channels blocked PgLPS-triggered exacerbation of oxidized LDL (oxLDL)-mediated foam cell formation. Mechanistically, we found that (1) TRPV4 regulated oxLDL uptake but not its cell surface binding in macrophages; (2) reduced foam cell formation in TRPV4 null cells was independent of expression of CD36, a predominant receptor for oxLDL, and (3) co-localization of TRPV4 and CD36 on the macrophage plasma membrane was sensitive to the increased level of matrix stiffness occurring in the presence of PgLPS. Altogether, our results suggest that TRPV4 channels play an essential role in P.g-induced exacerbation of macrophage foam cell generation through a mechanism that modulates uptake of oxLDL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nabyendu Gupta
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland
| | - Rishov Goswami
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland
| | - Mazen O Alharbi
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland
| | - Debabrata Biswas
- Department of Animal and Avian Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland
| | - Shaik O Rahaman
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Weihrauch D, Shumpert SD, Larson ME, McVey N, Krolikowski JG, Bamkole O, Riess ML. Intralipid Increases Nitric Oxide Release from Human Endothelial Cells During Oxidative Stress. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2020; 45:295-302. [PMID: 32291784 DOI: 10.1002/jpen.1834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intralipid (ILP), a lipid emulsion, protects organs against ischemia/reperfusion (IR) injury. We hypothesized that ILP activates endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and increases NO release from endothelial cells (ECs) through a fatty-acid translocase cluster of differentiation (CD36) mediated endocytotic mechanism, acting as a potentially protective paracrine signal during oxidative stress. METHODS Human umbilical-vein ECs were exposed to 1% ILP for 2 hours followed by oxidative stress with 0.2-mM hydrogen peroxide for 2 hours. Western blots were conducted with anti-CD36, dynamin-2, src-kinase-1, eNOS, and phospho-eNOS; equal protein loading was confirmed with β-actin. CD36 immunoprecipitation was probed for caveolin-1 to determine if CD36 and caveolin-1 were complexed on the cell membrane. NO was measured by fluorescence of ECs. RESULTS ILP caused a 227% increase in CD36 expression vs controls. Immunoprecipitation indicated a CD36/caveolin-1 complex on ECs' membrane with exposure to ILP. Dynamin-2 increased 52% and src-kinase-1 340% after ILP treatment vs control cells. eNOS phosphorylation was confirmed by a 63% increase in the phospho-eNOS/eNOS ratio in ILP-treated cells, and NO fluorescence increased 102%. CONCLUSION ILP enters ECs via endocytosis by a CD36/caveolin-1 cell membrane receptor complex, which in turn is pulled into the cell by dynamin-2 activity. Upregulation of src-kinase-1 and eNOS phosphorylation suggest downstream mediators. Subsequent NO release from ECs serve as a paracrine signal to neighboring cells for protection against IR injury. Student t-test was utilized for single comparisons and analysis of variance with Bonferroni-Dunn post hoc modification for multiple comparisons; P < .05 was considered statistically significant.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dorothee Weihrauch
- Anesthesiology and Cell Biology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA.,Cell Biology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Stephen D Shumpert
- Anesthesiology and Cell Biology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA.,Department of Anesthesiology, UCLA
| | - Michael E Larson
- Anesthesiology and Cell Biology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA.,Department of Radiology, UW Madison
| | - Natalie McVey
- Anesthesiology and Cell Biology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA.,Department of Anesthesiology, UCLA
| | - John G Krolikowski
- Anesthesiology and Cell Biology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Omoshalewa Bamkole
- Anesthesiology and Cell Biology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA.,Public Health, Emory Atlanta
| | - Matthias L Riess
- Department of Anesthesiology, Vanderbilt University.,Anesthesiology, TVHS VA Medical Center, Anesthesiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, and Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.,Anesthesiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, and Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.,Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Abstract
Caveolae are small plasma membrane invaginations that are particularly abundant in adipocytes. Caveolae are implicated in lipid uptake, but the exact mechanism is not clear. Here, we characterized the physiological function of EHD2, a protein that is found at the neck of caveolae. We established a link between higher caveolar mobility induced by EHD2 loss and increased cellular fatty acid uptake. Concurrently, lipid droplets were enlarged in various tissues of EHD2-lacking mice. Our data suggest that EHD2 controls a cell-autonomous, caveolae-dependent fatty acid uptake pathway. Notably, obese patients express only low levels of EHD2, implicating a role of EHD2-controlled caveolar dynamics in obesity. Eps15-homology domain containing protein 2 (EHD2) is a dynamin-related ATPase located at the neck of caveolae, but its physiological function has remained unclear. Here, we found that global genetic ablation of EHD2 in mice leads to increased lipid droplet size in fat tissue. This organismic phenotype was paralleled at the cellular level by increased fatty acid uptake via a caveolae- and CD36-dependent pathway that also involves dynamin. Concomitantly, elevated numbers of detached caveolae were found in brown and white adipose tissue lacking EHD2, and increased caveolar mobility in mouse embryonic fibroblasts. EHD2 expression itself was down-regulated in the visceral fat of two obese mouse models and obese patients. Our data suggest that EHD2 controls a cell-autonomous, caveolae-dependent fatty acid uptake pathway and imply that low EHD2 expression levels are linked to obesity.
Collapse
|
35
|
Kruglikov IL, Scherer PE. Caveolin-1 as a possible target in the treatment for acne. Exp Dermatol 2020; 29:177-183. [PMID: 31769542 PMCID: PMC6995412 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Revised: 11/03/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Expression of caveolin-1 (Cav-1) is an important pathophysiological factor in acne. Cav-1 strongly interacts with such well-recognized etiopathogenic factors such as hyperseborrhea, follicular hyperkeratinization and pathogenicity of Cutibacterium acnes. Cav-1 is a strong negative regulator of transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) expression. It acts as a critical determinant of autophagy, which is significantly induced in acne lesions through C. acnes and by absorption of fatty acids. Cav-1 also demonstrates different correlations with the development of innate immunity. We propose that normalization of Cav-1 expression can serve as a target in anti-acne therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Philipp E Scherer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Touchstone Diabetes Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Role of Caveolin-1 in Diabetes and Its Complications. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:9761539. [PMID: 32082483 PMCID: PMC7007939 DOI: 10.1155/2020/9761539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Revised: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
It is estimated that in 2017 there were 451 million people with diabetes worldwide. These figures are expected to increase to 693 million by 2045; thus, innovative preventative programs and treatments are a necessity to fight this escalating pandemic disorder. Caveolin-1 (CAV1), an integral membrane protein, is the principal component of caveolae in membranes and is involved in multiple cellular functions such as endocytosis, cholesterol homeostasis, signal transduction, and mechanoprotection. Previous studies demonstrated that CAV1 is critical for insulin receptor-mediated signaling, insulin secretion, and potentially the development of insulin resistance. Here, we summarize the recent progress on the role of CAV1 in diabetes and diabetic complications.
Collapse
|
37
|
Ezquerro S, Rodríguez A, Portincasa P, Frühbeck G. Effects of Diets on Adipose Tissue. Curr Med Chem 2019; 26:3593-3612. [PMID: 28521681 DOI: 10.2174/0929867324666170518102340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2016] [Revised: 03/16/2017] [Accepted: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is a major health problem that has become a global epidemic. Overweight and obesity are commonly associated with the development of several pathologies, such as insulin resistance, cardiovascular diseases, sleep apnea and several types of cancer, which can lead to further morbidity and mortality. An increased abdominal adiposity renders overweight and obese individuals more prone to metabolic and cardiovascular problems. OBJECTIVE This Review aims to describe the dietary strategies to deal with excess adiposity given the medical, social and economic consequences of obesity. METHODS One hundred and eighty-five papers were included in the present Review. RESULTS Excess adiposity leads to several changes in the biology, morphology and function of the adipose tissue, such as adipocyte hypertrophy and hyperplasia, adipose tissue inflammation and fibrosis and an impaired secretion of adipokines, contributing to the onset of obesity- related comorbidities. The first approach for obesity management and prevention is the implementation of a diet combined with physical activity. The present review summarizes the compelling evidence showing body composition changes, impact on cardiometabolism and potential adverse effects of very-low calorie, low- and high-carbohydrate, high-protein or low-fat diets. The use of macronutrients during the preprandial and postprandial state has been also reviewed to better understand the metabolic changes induced by different dietary interventions. CONCLUSION Dietary changes should be individualised, tailored to food preferences and allow for flexible approaches to reducing calorie intake in order to increase the motivation and compliance of overweight and obese patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Ezquerro
- Metabolic Research Laboratory, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain.,CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Amaia Rodríguez
- Metabolic Research Laboratory, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain.,CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Piero Portincasa
- Clinica Medica "A. Murri", Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology University of Bari Medical School, Policlinico Hospital, Bari, Italy
| | - Gema Frühbeck
- Metabolic Research Laboratory, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain.,CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Endocrinology & Nutrition, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Luxán G, Stewen J, Díaz N, Kato K, Maney SK, Aravamudhan A, Berkenfeld F, Nagelmann N, Drexler HC, Zeuschner D, Faber C, Schillers H, Hermann S, Wiseman J, Vaquerizas JM, Pitulescu ME, Adams RH. Endothelial EphB4 maintains vascular integrity and transport function in adult heart. eLife 2019; 8:45863. [PMID: 31782728 PMCID: PMC6884395 DOI: 10.7554/elife.45863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The homeostasis of heart and other organs relies on the appropriate provision of nutrients and functional specialization of the local vasculature. Here, we have used mouse genetics, imaging and cell biology approaches to investigate how homeostasis in the adult heart is controlled by endothelial EphB4 and its ligand ephrin-B2, which are known regulators of vascular morphogenesis and arteriovenous differentiation during development. We show that inducible and endothelial cell-specific inactivation of Ephb4 in adult mice is compatible with survival, but leads to rupturing of cardiac capillaries, cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, and pathological cardiac remodeling. In contrast, EphB4 is not required for integrity and homeostasis of capillaries in skeletal muscle. Our analysis of mutant mice and cultured endothelial cells shows that EphB4 controls the function of caveolae, cell-cell adhesion under mechanical stress and lipid transport. We propose that EphB4 maintains critical functional properties of the adult cardiac vasculature and thereby prevents dilated cardiomyopathy-like defects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guillermo Luxán
- Department of Tissue Morphogenesis, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Münster, Germany
| | - Jonas Stewen
- Department of Tissue Morphogenesis, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Münster, Germany
| | - Noelia Díaz
- Regulatory Genomics Laboratory, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Münster, Germany
| | - Katsuhiro Kato
- Department of Tissue Morphogenesis, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Münster, Germany
| | - Sathish K Maney
- Department of Tissue Morphogenesis, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Münster, Germany
| | - Anusha Aravamudhan
- Department of Tissue Morphogenesis, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Münster, Germany
| | - Frank Berkenfeld
- Department of Tissue Morphogenesis, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Münster, Germany
| | - Nina Nagelmann
- Department of Clinical Radiology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Hannes Ca Drexler
- Bioanalytical Mass Spectrometry Unit, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Münster, Germany
| | - Dagmar Zeuschner
- Electron Microscopy Unit, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Münster, Germany
| | - Cornelius Faber
- Department of Clinical Radiology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Hermann Schillers
- Institute for Physiology II, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Sven Hermann
- European Institute for Molecular Imaging, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - John Wiseman
- Discovery Biology, Discovery Sciences, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Juan M Vaquerizas
- Regulatory Genomics Laboratory, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Münster, Germany
| | - Mara E Pitulescu
- Department of Tissue Morphogenesis, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Münster, Germany
| | - Ralf H Adams
- Department of Tissue Morphogenesis, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Münster, Germany.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Matthaeus C, Lian X, Kunz S, Lehmann M, Zhong C, Bernert C, Lahmann I, Müller DN, Gollasch M, Daumke O. eNOS-NO-induced small blood vessel relaxation requires EHD2-dependent caveolae stabilization. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0223620. [PMID: 31600286 PMCID: PMC6786623 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0223620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS)-related vessel relaxation is a highly coordinated process that regulates blood flow and pressure and is dependent on caveolae. Here, we investigated the role of caveolar plasma membrane stabilization by the dynamin-related ATPase EHD2 on eNOS-nitric oxide (NO)-dependent vessel relaxation. Loss of EHD2 in small arteries led to increased numbers of caveolae that were detached from the plasma membrane. Concomitantly, impaired relaxation of mesenteric arteries and reduced running wheel activity were observed in EHD2 knockout mice. EHD2 deletion or knockdown led to decreased production of nitric oxide (NO) although eNOS expression levels were not changed. Super-resolution imaging revealed that eNOS was redistributed from the plasma membrane to internalized detached caveolae in EHD2-lacking tissue or cells. Following an ATP stimulus, reduced cytosolic Ca2+ peaks were recorded in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) lacking EHD2. Our data suggest that EHD2-controlled caveolar dynamics orchestrates the activity and regulation of eNOS/NO and Ca2+ channel localization at the plasma membrane.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Matthaeus
- Crystallography, Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Xiaoming Lian
- Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC), Campus Buch, Berlin, Germany
| | - Séverine Kunz
- Electron Microscopy Core Facility, Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Martin Lehmann
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology & Cell Biology and Imaging Core Facility, Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie, Berlin, Germany
| | - Cheng Zhong
- Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC), Campus Buch, Berlin, Germany
| | - Carola Bernert
- Crystallography, Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ines Lahmann
- Signal Transduction/Developmental Biology, Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Dominik N. Müller
- Experimental & Clinical Research Center, a cooperation between Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin and Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Maik Gollasch
- Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC), Campus Buch, Berlin, Germany
- Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Medical Clinic for Nephrology and Internal Intensive Care, Campus Virchow, Berlin, Germany
| | - Oliver Daumke
- Crystallography, Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Gerbod-Giannone MC, Dallet L, Naudin G, Sahin A, Decossas M, Poussard S, Lambert O. Involvement of caveolin-1 and CD36 in native LDL endocytosis by endothelial cells. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2019; 1863:830-838. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2019.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2018] [Revised: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
|
41
|
Zhao X, Psarianos P, Ghoraie LS, Yip K, Goldstein D, Gilbert R, Witterick I, Pang H, Hussain A, Lee JH, Williams J, Bratman SV, Ailles L, Haibe-Kains B, Liu FF. Metabolic regulation of dermal fibroblasts contributes to skin extracellular matrix homeostasis and fibrosis. Nat Metab 2019; 1:147-157. [PMID: 32694814 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-018-0008-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular matrix (ECM) homeostasis is essential for normal tissue function, and its disruption by iatrogenic injury, trauma, or disease results in fibrosis. Skin ECM homeostasis is maintained by a complex process that involves an integration of cytokine and environmental mediators. However, it is unclear, in both normal and disease states, how these multifactorial processes converge to shift ECM homeostasis towards accumulation or degradation. Here we show a consistent downregulation in fatty acid oxidation (FAO) and upregulation of glycolysis in fibrotic skin and in normal skin with abundant ECM. Perturbation of glycolysis and FAO pathway enzymes reveals their reciprocal effects in ECM upregulation and downregulation, respectively. Increasing peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) signalling, an inducer of the FAO pathway, generates a catabolic fibroblast phenotype characterised by inhibition of ECM transcription and enhanced ECM internalization and lysosomal degradation. In contrast, suppression of glycolysis inhibits ECM gene transcription and protein levels, independently of an intact FAO pathway or PPAR signalling. Moreover, we show that CD36, a multifunctional fatty acid transporter, connects the metabolic state of fibroblasts with their capacity for ECM regulation, as internalization and degradation of collagen-1 is abrogated in fibroblasts lacking CD36. Finally, restoring FAO and upregulating CD36 reduces ECM accumulation in murine skin fibrosis. These findings indicate that metabolic perturbation of ECM homeostasis may have broad implications for therapies aimed at ECM regulation, such as fibrosis, regenerative medicine, and ageing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Zhao
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
- Insitute of Medical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Pamela Psarianos
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Laleh Soltan Ghoraie
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kenneth Yip
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - David Goldstein
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery and Surgical Oncology, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ralph Gilbert
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery and Surgical Oncology, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ian Witterick
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery and Surgical Oncology, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Hilary Pang
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ali Hussain
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ju Hee Lee
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Justin Williams
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Scott V Bratman
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Radiation Medicine Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Laurie Ailles
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Benjamin Haibe-Kains
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Insitute of Medical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Computer Science, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Fei-Fei Liu
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
- Radiation Medicine Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Zhang W, Chen R, Yang T, Xu N, Chen J, Gao Y, Stetler RA. Fatty acid transporting proteins: Roles in brain development, aging, and stroke. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2018; 136:35-45. [PMID: 28457600 PMCID: PMC5650946 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2017.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2017] [Revised: 04/16/2017] [Accepted: 04/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Polyunsaturated fatty acids are required for the brain development and significantly impact aging and stroke. Due to the hydrophobicity of fatty acids, fatty acids transportation related proteins that include fatty acid binding proteins (FABPs), long chain acyl-coA synthase (ACS), fatty acid transportation proteins (FATPs), fatty acid translocase (FAT/CD36) and newly reported major facilitator superfamily domain-containing protein (Mfsd2a) play critical roles in the uptake of various fatty acids, especially polyunsaturated fatty acids. They are not only involved in neurodevelopment, but also have great impact on neurological disease, such as aging related dementia and stroke.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenting Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institute of Brain Sciences and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Ruiying Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institute of Brain Sciences and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Tuo Yang
- Pittsburgh Institute of Brain Disorders & Recovery and Department of Neurology University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Na Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institute of Brain Sciences and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institute of Brain Sciences and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Pittsburgh Institute of Brain Disorders & Recovery and Department of Neurology University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center Veterans Affairs Pittsburgh Health Care System, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Yanqin Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institute of Brain Sciences and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Pittsburgh Institute of Brain Disorders & Recovery and Department of Neurology University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
| | - R Anne Stetler
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institute of Brain Sciences and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Pittsburgh Institute of Brain Disorders & Recovery and Department of Neurology University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA; Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center Veterans Affairs Pittsburgh Health Care System, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
The autophagic degradation of Cav-1 contributes to PA-induced apoptosis and inflammation of astrocytes. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:771. [PMID: 29991726 PMCID: PMC6039485 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-0795-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Revised: 06/04/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The accumulation of palmitic acid (PA), implicated in obesity, can induce apoptotic cell death and inflammation of astrocytes. Caveolin-1 (Cav-1), an essential protein for astrocytes survival, can be degraded by autophagy, which is a double-edge sword that can either promote cell survival or cell death. The aim of this study was to delineate whether the autophagic degradation of Cav-1 is involved in PA-induced apoptosis and inflammation in hippocampal astrocytes. In this study we found that: (1) PA caused apoptotic death and inflammation by autophagic induction; (2) Cav-1 was degraded by PA-induced autophagy and PA induced autophagy in a Cav-1-independent manner; (3) the degradation of Cav-1 was responsible for PA-induced autophagy-dependent apoptotic cell death and inflammation; (4) chronic high-fat diet (HFD) induced Cav-1 degradation, apoptosis, autophagy, and inflammation in the hippocampal astrocytes of rats. Our results suggest that the autophagic degradation of Cav-1 contributes to PA-induced apoptosis and inflammation of astrocytes. Therefore, Cav-1 may be a potential therapeutic target for central nervous system injuries caused by PA accumulation.
Collapse
|
44
|
Targeting CD36 as Biomarker for Metastasis Prognostic: How Far from Translation into Clinical Practice? BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:7801202. [PMID: 30069479 PMCID: PMC6057354 DOI: 10.1155/2018/7801202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Metastasis requires cellular changes related to cell-to-cell and cell-to-matrix adhesion, immune surveillance, activation of growth and survival signalling pathways, and epigenetic modifications. In addition to tumour cells, tumour stroma is also modified in relationship to the primary tumour as well as to distant metastatic sites (forming a metastatic niche). A common denominator of most stromal partners in tumour progression is CD36, a scavenger receptor for fatty acid uptake that modulates cell-to-extracellular matrix attachment, stromal cell fate (for adipocytes, endothelial cells), TGFβ activation, and immune signalling. CD36 has been repeatedly proposed as a prognostic marker in various cancers, mostly of epithelial origin (breast, prostate, ovary, and colon) and also for hepatic carcinoma and gliomas. Data gathered in preclinical models of various cancers have shown that blocking CD36 might prove beneficial in stopping metastasis spread. However, targeting the receptor in clinical trials with thrombospondin mimetic peptides has proven ineffective, and monoclonal antibodies are not yet available for patient use. This review presents data to support CD36 as a potential prognostic biomarker in cancer, its current stage towards achieving bona fide biomarker status, and knowledge gaps that must be filled before further advancement towards clinical practice.
Collapse
|
45
|
Zama K, Mitsutake S, Okazaki T, Igarashi Y. Sphingomyelin in microdomains of the plasma membrane regulates amino acid-stimulated mTOR signal activation. Cell Biol Int 2018; 42:823-831. [PMID: 29369436 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.10941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 01/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Sphingomyelin (SM) is required for cells to proliferate, but the reason is not fully understood. In order to asses this question, we employed a cell line, ZS, which lacks both SMS1 and SMS2, isolated from mouse embryonic fibroblasts in SMS1 and 2 double knockout mouse, and SMS1 or SMS2 re-expressing cells, ZS/SMS1 or ZS/SMS2, respectively. We investigated regulation of SM in activating the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signal induced by essential amino acids (EAA), using these cells. EAA-stimulated mTOR signal was more activated in ZS/SMS1 and ZS/SMS2 cells than in controls. Treatment with methyl-b-cyclodextrin dramatically inhibited the activation. Interestingly, we found that the expression of CD98, LAT-1 and ASCT-2, amino acid transporters concerned with mTOR activation, was down-regulated in ZS cells. Transporters localized in microdomains and formed a functional complex. Our results indicate that SM affect proliferation through the transport of amino acids via SM-enriched microdomains.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kota Zama
- Faculty of Advanced Life Science, Department of Biomembrane and Biofunctional Chemistry, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 001-0021, Japan
| | - Susumu Mitsutake
- Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Biochemistry and Food Science, Saga University, Honjo-machi 1, Saga, 840-8502, Japan
| | - Toshiro Okazaki
- Department of Hematology and Immunology, Kanazawa Medical University, 1-1 Daigaku, Uchinada, Ishikawa, 920-0293, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Igarashi
- Faculty of Advanced Life Science, Department of Biomembrane and Biofunctional Chemistry, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 001-0021, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Tracey TJ, Steyn FJ, Wolvetang EJ, Ngo ST. Neuronal Lipid Metabolism: Multiple Pathways Driving Functional Outcomes in Health and Disease. Front Mol Neurosci 2018; 11:10. [PMID: 29410613 PMCID: PMC5787076 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2018.00010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 219] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2017] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipids are a fundamental class of organic molecules implicated in a wide range of biological processes related to their structural diversity, and based on this can be broadly classified into five categories; fatty acids, triacylglycerols (TAGs), phospholipids, sterol lipids and sphingolipids. Different lipid classes play major roles in neuronal cell populations; they can be used as energy substrates, act as building blocks for cellular structural machinery, serve as bioactive molecules, or a combination of each. In amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), dysfunctions in lipid metabolism and function have been identified as potential drivers of pathogenesis. In particular, aberrant lipid metabolism is proposed to underlie denervation of neuromuscular junctions, mitochondrial dysfunction, excitotoxicity, impaired neuronal transport, cytoskeletal defects, inflammation and reduced neurotransmitter release. Here we review current knowledge of the roles of lipid metabolism and function in the CNS and discuss how modulating these pathways may offer novel therapeutic options for treating ALS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Timothy J Tracey
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Frederik J Steyn
- Centre for Clinical Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Ernst J Wolvetang
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Shyuan T Ngo
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,Centre for Clinical Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Kuo A, Lee MY, Yang K, Gross RW, Sessa WC. Caveolin-1 regulates lipid droplet metabolism in endothelial cells via autocrine prostacyclin-stimulated, cAMP-mediated lipolysis. J Biol Chem 2017; 293:973-983. [PMID: 29203526 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra117.000980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2017] [Revised: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipid droplets (LD) are dynamic organelles involved in intracellular lipid metabolism in almost all eukaryotic cells, and LD-associated proteins tightly regulate their dynamics. One LD coat protein is caveolin-1 (Cav-1), an essential component for caveola assembly in highly differentiated cells, including adipocytes, smooth muscle cells, and endothelial cells (EC). However, the role of Cav-1 in LD dynamics is unclear. Here we report that EC lacking Cav-1 exhibit impaired LD formation. The decreased LD formation is due to enhanced lipolysis and not caused by reduced triglyceride synthesis or fatty acid uptake. Mechanistically, the absence of Cav-1 increased cAMP/PKA signaling in EC, as indicated by elevated phosphorylation of hormone-sensitive lipase and increased lipolysis. Unexpectedly, we also observed enhanced autocrine production of prostaglandin I2 (PGI2, also called prostacyclin) in Cav-1 KO EC, and this PGI2 increase appeared to stimulate cAMP/PKA pathways, contributing to the enhanced lipolysis in Cav-1 KO cells. Our results reveal an unanticipated role of Cav-1 in regulating lipolysis in non-adipose tissue, indicating that Cav-1 is required for LD metabolism in EC and that it regulates cAMP-dependent lipolysis in part via the autocrine production of PGI2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Kuo
- From the Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program and.,Cell Biology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06510
| | - Monica Y Lee
- From the Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program and.,Departments of Pharmacology and
| | - Kui Yang
- the Department of Medicine and Developmental Biology, Division of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, and.,the Department of Chemistry, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63130
| | - Richard W Gross
- the Department of Medicine and Developmental Biology, Division of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, and.,the Department of Chemistry, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63130
| | - William C Sessa
- From the Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program and .,Departments of Pharmacology and
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Russell J, Du Toit EF, Peart JN, Patel HH, Headrick JP. Myocyte membrane and microdomain modifications in diabetes: determinants of ischemic tolerance and cardioprotection. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2017; 16:155. [PMID: 29202762 PMCID: PMC5716308 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-017-0638-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease, predominantly ischemic heart disease (IHD), is the leading cause of death in diabetes mellitus (DM). In addition to eliciting cardiomyopathy, DM induces a ‘wicked triumvirate’: (i) increasing the risk and incidence of IHD and myocardial ischemia; (ii) decreasing myocardial tolerance to ischemia–reperfusion (I–R) injury; and (iii) inhibiting or eliminating responses to cardioprotective stimuli. Changes in ischemic tolerance and cardioprotective signaling may contribute to substantially higher mortality and morbidity following ischemic insult in DM patients. Among the diverse mechanisms implicated in diabetic impairment of ischemic tolerance and cardioprotection, changes in sarcolemmal makeup may play an overarching role and are considered in detail in the current review. Observations predominantly in animal models reveal DM-dependent changes in membrane lipid composition (cholesterol and triglyceride accumulation, fatty acid saturation vs. reduced desaturation, phospholipid remodeling) that contribute to modulation of caveolar domains, gap junctions and T-tubules. These modifications influence sarcolemmal biophysical properties, receptor and phospholipid signaling, ion channel and transporter functions, contributing to contractile and electrophysiological dysfunction, cardiomyopathy, ischemic intolerance and suppression of protective signaling. A better understanding of these sarcolemmal abnormalities in types I and II DM (T1DM, T2DM) can inform approaches to limiting cardiomyopathy, associated IHD and their consequences. Key knowledge gaps include details of sarcolemmal changes in models of T2DM, temporal patterns of lipid, microdomain and T-tubule changes during disease development, and the precise impacts of these diverse sarcolemmal modifications. Importantly, exercise, dietary, pharmacological and gene approaches have potential for improving sarcolemmal makeup, and thus myocyte function and stress-resistance in this ubiquitous metabolic disorder.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jake Russell
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Southport, QLD, Australia
| | - Eugene F Du Toit
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Southport, QLD, Australia
| | - Jason N Peart
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Southport, QLD, Australia
| | - Hemal H Patel
- VA San Diego Healthcare System and Department of Anesthesiology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, USA
| | - John P Headrick
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Southport, QLD, Australia. .,School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Southport, QLD, 4217, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Perona JS. Membrane lipid alterations in the metabolic syndrome and the role of dietary oils. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2017; 1859:1690-1703. [PMID: 28428072 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2017.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2016] [Revised: 04/12/2017] [Accepted: 04/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The metabolic syndrome is a cluster of pathological conditions, including hypertension, hyperglycemia, hypertriglyceridemia, obesity and low HDL levels that is of great concern worldwide, as individuals with metabolic syndrome have an increased risk of type-2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Insulin resistance, the key feature of the metabolic syndrome, might be at the same time cause and consequence of impaired lipid composition in plasma membranes of insulin-sensitive tissues like liver, muscle and adipose tissue. Diet intervention has been proposed as a powerful tool to prevent the development of the metabolic syndrome, since healthy diets have been shown to have a protective role against the components of the metabolic syndrome. Particularly, dietary fatty acids are capable of modulating the deleterious effects of these conditions, among other mechanisms, by modifications of the lipid composition of the membranes in insulin-sensitive tissues. However, there is still scarce data based of high-level evidence on the effects of dietary oils on the effects of the metabolic syndrome and its components. This review summarizes the current knowledge on the effects of dietary oils on improving alterations of the components of the metabolic syndrome. It also examines their influence in the modulation of plasma membrane lipid composition and in the functionality of membrane proteins involved in insulin activity, like the insulin receptor, GLUT-4, CD36/FAT and ABCA-1, and their effect in the metabolism of glucose, fatty acids and cholesterol, and, in turn, the key features of the metabolic syndrome. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Membrane Lipid Therapy: Drugs Targeting Biomembranes edited by Pablo V. Escribá.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Javier S Perona
- Bioactive Compunds, Nutrition and Health, Instituto de la Grasa-CSIC, Campus Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Ctra. Utrera km 1, Building 46, 41013 Seville, (Spain)
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Otis JP, Shen MC, Quinlivan V, Anderson JL, Farber SA. Intestinal epithelial cell caveolin 1 regulates fatty acid and lipoprotein cholesterol plasma levels. Dis Model Mech 2017; 10:283-295. [PMID: 28130355 PMCID: PMC5374320 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.027300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2016] [Accepted: 01/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Caveolae and their structural protein caveolin 1 (CAV1) have roles in cellular lipid processing and systemic lipid metabolism. Global deletion of CAV1 in mice results in insulin resistance and increases in atherogenic plasma lipids and cholesterol, but protects from diet-induced obesity and atherosclerosis. Despite the fundamental role of the intestinal epithelia in the regulation of dietary lipid processing and metabolism, the contributions of CAV1 to lipid metabolism in this tissue have never been directly investigated. In this study the cellular dynamics of intestinal Cav1 were visualized in zebrafish and the metabolic contributions of CAV1 were determined with mice lacking CAV1 in intestinal epithelial cells (CAV1IEC-KO). Live imaging of Cav1–GFP and fluorescently labeled caveolae cargos shows localization to the basolateral and lateral enterocyte plasma membrane (PM), suggesting Cav1 mediates transport between enterocytes and the submucosa. CAV1IEC-KO mice are protected from the elevation in circulating fasted low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol associated with a high-fat diet (HFD), but have increased postprandial LDL cholesterol, total free fatty acids (FFAs), palmitoleic acid, and palmitic acid. The increase in circulating FAs in HFD CAV1IEC-KO mice is mirrored by decreased hepatic FAs, suggesting a non-cell-autonomous role for intestinal epithelial cell CAV1 in promoting hepatic FA storage. In conclusion, CAV1 regulates circulating LDL cholesterol and several FA species via the basolateral PM of enterocytes. These results point to intestinal epithelial cell CAV1 as a potential therapeutic target to lower circulating FFAs and LDL cholesterol, as high levels are associated with development of type II diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Summary: Caveolin 1, which forms caveolae, localizes to the basolateral membrane of zebrafish intestinal epithelial cells and regulates circulating murine fatty acid and lipoprotein cholesterol levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica P Otis
- Carnegie Institution for Science, Department of Embryology, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Meng-Chieh Shen
- Carnegie Institution for Science, Department of Embryology, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Vanessa Quinlivan
- Carnegie Institution for Science, Department of Embryology, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.,Johns Hopkins University, Department of Biology, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Jennifer L Anderson
- Carnegie Institution for Science, Department of Embryology, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Steven A Farber
- Carnegie Institution for Science, Department of Embryology, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA .,Johns Hopkins University, Department of Biology, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| |
Collapse
|