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Piazza F, Ravaglia B, Caporale A, Svetić A, Parisse P, Asaro F, Grassi G, Secco L, Sgarra R, Marsich E, Donati I, Sacco P. Elucidating the unexpected cell adhesive properties of agarose substrates. The effect of mechanics, fetal bovine serum and specific peptide sequences. Acta Biomater 2024:S1742-7061(24)00566-X. [PMID: 39357634 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2024.09.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2024] [Revised: 09/02/2024] [Accepted: 09/24/2024] [Indexed: 10/04/2024]
Abstract
2D agarose substrates have recently been surprisingly shown to be permissive for cell adhesion, depending on their mechanics and the use of the adhesive proteins of fetal bovine serum (FBS) in the cell culture medium. Here, we elucidate how the cells exhibit two anchoring mechanisms depending on the amount of FBS. Under low FBS conditions, the cells recognize the surface-coupled adhesive sequences of fibronectin via the binding of the heterodimer α5β1 integrin. Functionality of the actomyosin axis and mechanoactivation of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) are essential for the stretching of the protein, thereby accessing the "synergy" PPSRN site and enhancing cell adhesion in combination with the downstream RGD motif. Under high FBS conditions, the specific peptide sequences are much less relevant as the adsorbed serum proteins conceal the coupled fibronectin and the cells recognize the adhesive protein vitronectin, which is constitutively present in FBS, via the binding of the heterodimer αvβ3 integrin. Similarly, the intracellular tension and FAK activity are decisive, which collectively indicate that the cells stretch the partially cryptic RGD site of vitronectin and thus make it more accessible for integrin binding. Both anchoring mechanisms only work properly if the agarose substrate is mechanically compliant in terms of linear stress-strain response, unraveling a critical balance between the mechanics of the agarose substrate and the presentation of the adhesive peptides. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: In the context of biomaterial design, agarose hydrogels are known to lack intrinsic cell-adhesive peptide motifs and are therefore commonly used for the development of non-permissive 2D substrates. However, we unexpectedly found that agarose hydrogels can become permissive substrates for cell adhesion, depending on a compliant mechanical response of the substrate and the use of fetal bovine serum (FBS) as protein reservoir in the cell culture medium. We describe here two anchoring mechanisms that cells harness to adhere to agarose substrates, depending on the amount of FBS. Our results will have a major impact on the field of mechanobiology and shed light on the central role of FBS as a natural source of adhesive proteins that could promote cell anchoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Piazza
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Via Licio Giorgieri 5, I-34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Beatrice Ravaglia
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Via Licio Giorgieri 5, I-34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Andrea Caporale
- CNR, Institute of Crystallography, I-34149 Trieste, Italy; CIRPeB, Research Centre on Bioactive Peptides "Carlo Pedone", University of Naples "Federico II", I-80134 Napoli, Italy
| | - Ana Svetić
- Department of Physics, University of Trieste, Via Alfonso Valerio 2, I-34127 Trieste, Italy; Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., s.s. 14km 1635 in Area Science Park, I-34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Pietro Parisse
- Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., s.s. 14km 1635 in Area Science Park, I-34149 Trieste, Italy; Istituto Officina dei Materiali (CNR-IOM), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, s.s. 14km 1635 in Area Science Park, I-34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Fioretta Asaro
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Via Licio Giorgieri 1, I-34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Gabriele Grassi
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Science, University of Trieste, Strada di Fiume 447, I-34129 Trieste, Italy
| | - Luca Secco
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Via Licio Giorgieri 5, I-34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Riccardo Sgarra
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Via Licio Giorgieri 5, I-34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Eleonora Marsich
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Science, University of Trieste, Strada di Fiume 447, I-34129 Trieste, Italy
| | - Ivan Donati
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Via Licio Giorgieri 5, I-34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Pasquale Sacco
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Via Licio Giorgieri 5, I-34127 Trieste, Italy.
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Zhang Z, Ma M. Strategies to enhance the ability of nerve guidance conduits to promote directional nerve growth. Biomed Eng Online 2024; 23:40. [PMID: 38582838 PMCID: PMC10998375 DOI: 10.1186/s12938-024-01233-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Severely damaged peripheral nerves will regenerate incompletely due to lack of directionality in their regeneration, leading to loss of nerve function. To address this problem, various nerve guidance conduits (NGCs) have been developed to provide guidance for nerve repair. However, their clinical application is still limited, mainly because its effect in promoting nerve repair is not as good as autologous nerve transplantation. Therefore, it is necessary to enhance the ability of NGCs to promote directional nerve growth. Strategies include preparing various directional structures on NGCs to provide contact guidance, and loading various substances on them to provide electrical stimulation or neurotrophic factor concentration gradient to provide directional physical or biological signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyue Zhang
- South China University of Technology School of Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Muyuan Ma
- South China University of Technology School of Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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Rochkind S, Sirota S, Kushnir A. Nerve Reconstruction Using ActiGraft Blood Clot in Rabbit Acute Peripheral Injury Model: Preliminary Study. Bioengineering (Basel) 2024; 11:298. [PMID: 38671720 PMCID: PMC11047591 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering11040298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
This preliminary study aimed to investigate an ActiGraft blood clot implant (RedDress Ltd., Pardes-Hanna, Israel) attempting to treat and induce the regeneration of a completely injured peripheral nerve with a massive loss defect. The tibial portion of the sciatic nerve in 11 rabbits was transected, and a 25 mm nerve gap was reconnected using a collagen tube. A comparison was performed between the treatment group (eight rabbits; reconnection using a tube filled with ActiGraft blood clot) and the control group (three rabbits; gap reconnection using an empty tube). The post-operative follow-up period lasted 18 weeks and included electrophysiological and histochemical assessments. The pathological severity score was high in the tube cross sections of the control group (1.33) compared to the ActiGraft blood clot treatment group (0.63). Morphometric analysis showed a higher percentage of the positive myelin basic protein (MBP) stained area in the ActiGraft blood clot group (19.57%) versus the control group (3.67%). These differences were not statistically significant due to the small group sizes and the large intra-group variability. The results of this preliminary study suggest that the application of an ActiGraft blood clot (into the collagen tube) can enable nerve recovery. However, a future study using a larger animal group is required to achieve objective statistical results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shimon Rochkind
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Sharon Sirota
- RedDress Ltd., Pardes Hana 3701142, Israel; (S.S.); (A.K.)
| | - Alon Kushnir
- RedDress Ltd., Pardes Hana 3701142, Israel; (S.S.); (A.K.)
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Solomevich SO, Oranges CM, Kalbermatten DF, Schwendeman A, Madduri S. Natural polysaccharides and their derivatives as potential medical materials and drug delivery systems for the treatment of peripheral nerve injuries. Carbohydr Polym 2023; 315:120934. [PMID: 37230605 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.120934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Peripheral nerve repair following injury is one of the most serious problems in neurosurgery. Clinical outcomes are often unsatisfactory and associated with a huge socioeconomic burden. Several studies have revealed the great potential of biodegradable polysaccharides for improving nerve regeneration. We review here the promising therapeutic strategies involving different types of polysaccharides and their bio-active composites for promoting nerve regeneration. Within this context, polysaccharide materials widely used for nerve repair in different forms are highlighted, including nerve guidance conduits, hydrogels, nanofibers and films. While nerve guidance conduits and hydrogels were used as main structural scaffolds, the other forms including nanofibers and films were generally used as additional supporting materials. We also discuss the issues of ease of therapeutic implementation, drug release properties and therapeutic outcomes, together with potential future directions of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey O Solomevich
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Research Institute for Physical Chemical Problems of the Belarusian State University, Minsk, Belarus
| | - Carlo M Oranges
- Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery Division, Department of Surgery, Geneva University Hospitals and University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Daniel F Kalbermatten
- Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery Division, Department of Surgery, Geneva University Hospitals and University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland; Bioengineering and Neuroregeneration Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Geneva University Hospitals and University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Anna Schwendeman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Srinivas Madduri
- Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery Division, Department of Surgery, Geneva University Hospitals and University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland; Bioengineering and Neuroregeneration Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Geneva University Hospitals and University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
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Zhang H, Lan D, Wu B, Chen X, Li X, Li Z, Dai F. Electrospun Piezoelectric Scaffold with External Mechanical Stimulation for Promoting Regeneration of Peripheral Nerve Injury. Biomacromolecules 2023. [PMID: 37329512 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.3c00311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Safe and efficient provision of electrical stimulation (ES) for nerve repair and regeneration is a problem that needs to be addressed. In this study, a silk fibroin/poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene)/Ti3C2Tx (SF/PVDF-HFP/MXene) composite scaffold with piezoelectricity was developed by electrospinning technology. MXene was loaded to the scaffold to enhance the piezoelectric properties (Output voltage reaches up to 100 mV), mechanical properties, and antibacterial activity. Cell experiments demonstrated piezoelectric stimulation under external ultrasonication for promoting the growth and proliferation of Schwann cells (SCs) cultured on this electrospun scaffold. Further in vivo study with rat sciatic nerve injury model revealed that the SF/PVDF-HFP/MXene nerve conduit could induce the proliferation of SCs, enhance the elongation of axon, and promote axonal myelination. Under the piezoelectric effect of this nerve scaffold, the rats with regenerative nerve exhibited a favorable recovery effect of motor and sensory function, indicating a safe and feasible method of using this SF/PVDF-HFP/MXene piezoelectric scaffold for ES provision in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiqiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Biomaterial Fiber and Modern Textile, College of sericulture, Textile and Biomass Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Dongwei Lan
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Biomaterial Fiber and Modern Textile, College of sericulture, Textile and Biomass Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Baiqing Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Biomaterial Fiber and Modern Textile, College of sericulture, Textile and Biomass Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Xiang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Biomaterial Fiber and Modern Textile, College of sericulture, Textile and Biomass Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Xia Li
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Biomaterial Fiber and Modern Textile, College of sericulture, Textile and Biomass Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Zhi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Biomaterial Fiber and Modern Textile, College of sericulture, Textile and Biomass Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Fangyin Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Biomaterial Fiber and Modern Textile, College of sericulture, Textile and Biomass Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
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Takeuchi H, Sakamoto A, Ikeguchi R, Ohta S, Noguchi T, Ando M, Yoshimoto K, Sakamoto D, Matsuda S. Muscle Grafts with Doxorubicin Pretreatment Produce "Empty Tubes" in the Basal Laminae, Promote Contentious Maturation of the Regenerated Axons, and Bridge 20-mm Sciatic Nerve Defects in Rats. J Reconstr Microsurg 2023; 39:120-130. [PMID: 35850137 DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1750082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We newly developed a muscle graft that employs a doxorubicin pretreatment technique. The aims of this study were to reveal the biological and morphological features of the muscle tissue in the second week (Study I), to reveal the regeneration outcomes of functional and kinematic assessments of longer-term follow-up (16 weeks, Study II), and to make assessments of the muscle graft with doxorubicin pretreatment in the critical-sized nerve defect model (20 mm, Study III). METHODS A total of 26 adult rats were used in this study. Doxorubicin treatment was accomplished by immersion in a doxorubicin solution for 10 minutes followed by a rinsing procedure. The rats were divided into three groups: the muscle graft with and without doxorubicin pretreatment (M-graft-w-Dox and M-graft-w/o-Dox) groups and the autologous nerve graft (N-graft) group. Assays of apoptosis, immunofluorescent histochemistry including CD68 (macrophage marker), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), morphometrical studies of the regenerated axons, nerve conduction studies, and kinematic studies were performed. RESULTS The M-graft-w-Dox group contained significantly larger numbers of apoptotic cells and CD68-positive cells. SEM revealed the existence of the basal lamina, so called "empty tubes," in the M-graft-w-Dox group. Study II showed contentious maturation of the regenerated axons, especially in the compound muscle action potentials. Study III showed that even at 20 mm, the M-graft-w-Dox group promoted axonal regeneration and functional regeneration. CONCLUSION The M-graft-w-Dox group showed superior regeneration results, and this easy and short-term procedure can expand the muscle graft clinical indication for the treatment of peripheral nerve defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisataka Takeuchi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Akio Sakamoto
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Ikeguchi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Souichi Ohta
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takashi Noguchi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Maki Ando
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Koichi Yoshimoto
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Daichi Sakamoto
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shuichi Matsuda
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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7
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Ye H, Chen J, Li YQ, Yang J, Hsu CC, Cao TT. A hyaluronic acid granular hydrogel nerve guidance conduit promotes regeneration and functional recovery of injured sciatic nerves in rats. Neural Regen Res 2023; 18:657-663. [DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.350212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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8
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Meissner S, Raos B, Svirskis D. Hydrogels can control the presentation of growth factors and thereby improve their efficacy in tissue engineering. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2022.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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9
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Ghobeira R, Wieringa P, Van Vrekhem S, Aliakbarshirazi S, Narimisa M, Onyshchenko Y, De Geyter N, Moroni L, Morent R. Multifaceted polymeric nerve guidance conduits with distinctive double-layered architecture and plasma-induced inner chemistry gradient for the repair of critical-sized defects. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2022; 143:213183. [PMID: 36371971 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2022.213183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Despite tissue engineering advances, current nerve guidance conduits (NGCs) are still failing in repairing critical-sized defects. This study aims, therefore, at tackling large nerve gaps (2 cm) by designing NGCs possessing refined physicochemical properties enhancing the activity of Schwann cells (SCs) that support nerve regeneration over long distances. As such, a combinatorial strategy adopting novel plasma-induced surface chemistry and architectural heterogeneity was considered. A mechanically suitable copolymer (Polyactive®) was electrospun to produce nanofibrous NGCs mimicking the extracellular matrix. An innovative seamless double-layered architecture consisting of an inner wall comprised of bundles of aligned fibers with intercalated random fibers and an outer wall fully composed of random fibers was conceived to synergistically provide cell guidance cues and sufficient nutrient inflow. NGCs were subjected to argon plasma treatments using a dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) and a plasma jet (PJ). Surface chemical changes were examined by advanced X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) micro-mappings. The DBD homogeneously increased the surface oxygen content from 17 % to 28 % on the inner wall. The PJ created a gradient chemistry throughout the inner wall with an oxygen content gradually increasing from 21 % to 30 %. In vitro studies revealed enhanced primary SC adhesion, elongation and proliferation on plasma-treated NGCs. A cell gradient was observed on the PJ-treated NGCs thus underlining the favorable oxygen gradient in promoting cell chemotaxis. A gradual change from circular to highly elongated SC morphologies mimicking the bands of Büngner was visualized along the gradient. Overall, plasma-treated NGCs are promising candidates paving the way towards critical nerve gap repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rouba Ghobeira
- Research Unit Plasma Technology (RUPT), Department of Applied Physics, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Ghent University, Sint-Pietersnieuwstraat 41 B4, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Paul Wieringa
- Department of Complex Tissue Regeneration, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, Universiteitsingel 40, 6229ER, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Stijn Van Vrekhem
- Research Unit Plasma Technology (RUPT), Department of Applied Physics, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Ghent University, Sint-Pietersnieuwstraat 41 B4, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sheida Aliakbarshirazi
- Research Unit Plasma Technology (RUPT), Department of Applied Physics, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Ghent University, Sint-Pietersnieuwstraat 41 B4, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Mehrnoush Narimisa
- Research Unit Plasma Technology (RUPT), Department of Applied Physics, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Ghent University, Sint-Pietersnieuwstraat 41 B4, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Yuliia Onyshchenko
- Research Unit Plasma Technology (RUPT), Department of Applied Physics, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Ghent University, Sint-Pietersnieuwstraat 41 B4, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Nathalie De Geyter
- Research Unit Plasma Technology (RUPT), Department of Applied Physics, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Ghent University, Sint-Pietersnieuwstraat 41 B4, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Lorenzo Moroni
- Department of Complex Tissue Regeneration, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, Universiteitsingel 40, 6229ER, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Rino Morent
- Research Unit Plasma Technology (RUPT), Department of Applied Physics, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Ghent University, Sint-Pietersnieuwstraat 41 B4, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
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10
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Bioactive injectable hydrogels for on demand molecule/cell delivery and for tissue regeneration in the central nervous system. Acta Biomater 2022; 140:88-101. [PMID: 34852302 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.11.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Currently there are no potential curative therapies that can improve the central nervous system (CNS) regeneration after traumatic injuries or diseases. Indeed, the regeneration of CNS is greatly impaired by limited drug penetration across the blood brain barrier (BBB), poor drug targeting, deficient progenitor neural cells and limited proliferation of mature neural cells. To overcome these limitations, bioengineered injectable hydrogels in combination with drug and cell therapy have been proposed to mimic the complexity of the CNS microenvironment and architecture. Additionally, to enhance relevant CNS regeneration, proper biophysical and biochemical cues are needed. Recently, great efforts have been devoted to tailor stimuli-responsive hydrogels as novel carrier systems which are able to guide neural tissue regeneration. This review provides an extensive overview on the most promising injectable hydrogels for neural tissue engineering. A special emphasis is made to highlight the ability of these hydrogels to deliver bioactive compounds/cells upon the exposure to internal and external stimuli. Bioactive injectable hydrogels have a broad application in central nervous system's (CNS) regeneration. This review gives an overview of the latest pioneering approaches in CNS recovery using stimuli-responsive hydrogels for several neurodegenerative disorders. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: This review summarizes the latest innovations on bioactive injectable hydrogels, focusing on tailoring internal/external stimuli-responsive hydrogels for the new injectable systems design, able to guide neural tissue response. The purpose is to highlight the advantages and the limitations of thermo-responsive, photo responsive, magnetic responsive, electric responsive, ultrasound responsive and enzymes-triggered injectable hydrogels in developing customizable neurotherapies. We believe that this comprehensive review will help in identifying the strengths and gaps in the existing literature and to further support the use of injectable hydrogels in stimulating CNS regeneration.
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11
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Havins L, Capel A, Christie SD, Lewis MP, Roach P. Gradient biomimetic platforms for neurogenesis studies. J Neural Eng 2021; 19. [PMID: 34942614 DOI: 10.1088/1741-2552/ac4639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
There is a need for the development of new cellular therapies for the treatment of many diseases, with the central nervous system (CNS) currently an area of specific focus. Due to the complexity and delicacy of its biology, there is currently a limited understanding of neurogenesis and consequently a lack of reliable test platforms, resulting in several CNS based diseases having no cure. The ability to differentiate pluripotent stem cells into specific neuronal sub-types may enable scalable manufacture for clinical therapies, with a focus also on the purity and quality of the cell population. This focus is targeted towards an urgent need for the diseases that currently have no cure, e.g. Parkinson's disease. Differentiation studies carried out using traditional 2D cell culture techniques are designed using biological signals and morphogens known to be important for neurogenesis in vivo. However, such studies are limited by their simplistic nature, including a general poor efficiency and reproducibility, high reagent costs and an inability to scale-up the process to a manufacture-wide design for clinical use. Biomimetic approaches to recapitulate a more in vivo-like environment are progressing rapidly within this field, with application of bio(chemical) gradients presented both as 2D surfaces and within a 3D volume. This review focusses on the development and application of these advanced extracellular environments particularly for the neural niche. We emphasise the progress that has been made specifically in the area of stem cell derived neuronal differentiation. Increasing developments in biomaterial approaches to manufacture stem cells will enable the improvement of differentiation protocols, enhancing the efficiency and repeatability of the process with a move towards up-scaling. Progress in this area brings these techniques closer to enabling the development of therapies for the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurissa Havins
- Department of Chemistry, Loughborough University, Dept Chemistry, School of Science, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire, LE11 3TU, UNITED KINGDOM OF GREAT BRITAIN AND NORTHERN IRELAND
| | - Andrew Capel
- Loughborough University, 2National Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine (NCSEM), School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough, LE11 3TU, UNITED KINGDOM OF GREAT BRITAIN AND NORTHERN IRELAND
| | - Steven D Christie
- Department of Chemistry, Loughborough University, Dept Chemistry, School of Science, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire, LE11 3TU, UNITED KINGDOM OF GREAT BRITAIN AND NORTHERN IRELAND
| | - Mark P Lewis
- Loughborough University School of Sport Exercise and Health Sciences, National Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine (NCSEM), School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough, LE11 3TU, UNITED KINGDOM OF GREAT BRITAIN AND NORTHERN IRELAND
| | - Paul Roach
- Chemistry, Loughborough University, Dept Chemistry, School of Science, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire, LE11 3TU, UNITED KINGDOM OF GREAT BRITAIN AND NORTHERN IRELAND
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12
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Xue W, Shi W, Kong Y, Kuss M, Duan B. Anisotropic scaffolds for peripheral nerve and spinal cord regeneration. Bioact Mater 2021; 6:4141-4160. [PMID: 33997498 PMCID: PMC8099454 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2021.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The treatment of long-gap (>10 mm) peripheral nerve injury (PNI) and spinal cord injury (SCI) remains a continuous challenge due to limited native tissue regeneration capabilities. The current clinical strategy of using autografts for PNI suffers from a source shortage, while the pharmacological treatment for SCI presents dissatisfactory results. Tissue engineering, as an alternative, is a promising approach for regenerating peripheral nerves and spinal cords. Through providing a beneficial environment, a scaffold is the primary element in tissue engineering. In particular, scaffolds with anisotropic structures resembling the native extracellular matrix (ECM) can effectively guide neural outgrowth and reconnection. In this review, the anatomy of peripheral nerves and spinal cords, as well as current clinical treatments for PNI and SCI, is first summarized. An overview of the critical components in peripheral nerve and spinal cord tissue engineering and the current status of regeneration approaches are also discussed. Recent advances in the fabrication of anisotropic surface patterns, aligned fibrous substrates, and 3D hydrogel scaffolds, as well as their in vitro and in vivo effects are highlighted. Finally, we summarize potential mechanisms underlying the anisotropic architectures in orienting axonal and glial cell growth, along with their challenges and prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Xue
- Mary & Dick Holland Regenerative Medicine Program, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Wen Shi
- Mary & Dick Holland Regenerative Medicine Program, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Yunfan Kong
- Mary & Dick Holland Regenerative Medicine Program, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Mitchell Kuss
- Mary & Dick Holland Regenerative Medicine Program, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Bin Duan
- Mary & Dick Holland Regenerative Medicine Program, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
- Department of Surgery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
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13
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Alastra G, Aloe L, Baldassarro VA, Calzà L, Cescatti M, Duskey JT, Focarete ML, Giacomini D, Giardino L, Giraldi V, Lorenzini L, Moretti M, Parmeggiani I, Sannia M, Tosi G. Nerve Growth Factor Biodelivery: A Limiting Step in Moving Toward Extensive Clinical Application? Front Neurosci 2021; 15:695592. [PMID: 34335170 PMCID: PMC8319677 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.695592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Nerve growth factor (NGF) was the first-discovered member of the neurotrophin family, a class of bioactive molecules which exerts powerful biological effects on the CNS and other peripheral tissues, not only during development, but also during adulthood. While these molecules have long been regarded as potential drugs to combat acute and chronic neurodegenerative processes, as evidenced by the extensive data on their neuroprotective properties, their clinical application has been hindered by their unexpected side effects, as well as by difficulties in defining appropriate dosing and administration strategies. This paper reviews aspects related to the endogenous production of NGF in healthy and pathological conditions, along with conventional and biomaterial-assisted delivery strategies, in an attempt to clarify the impediments to the clinical application of this powerful molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Alastra
- Interdepartmental Centre for Industrial Research in Health Sciences and Technologies, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Vito Antonio Baldassarro
- Interdepartmental Centre for Industrial Research in Health Sciences and Technologies, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Laura Calzà
- Interdepartmental Centre for Industrial Research in Health Sciences and Technologies, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- IRET Foundation, Bologna, Italy
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Jason Thomas Duskey
- Nanotech Laboratory, TeFarTI Center, Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Maria Letizia Focarete
- Interdepartmental Centre for Industrial Research in Health Sciences and Technologies, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Department of Chemistry “Giacomo Ciamician”, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Daria Giacomini
- Interdepartmental Centre for Industrial Research in Health Sciences and Technologies, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Department of Chemistry “Giacomo Ciamician”, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Luciana Giardino
- IRET Foundation, Bologna, Italy
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Valentina Giraldi
- Interdepartmental Centre for Industrial Research in Health Sciences and Technologies, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Department of Chemistry “Giacomo Ciamician”, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Luca Lorenzini
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Irene Parmeggiani
- Nanotech Laboratory, TeFarTI Center, Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Michele Sannia
- Interdepartmental Centre for Industrial Research in Health Sciences and Technologies, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giovanni Tosi
- Nanotech Laboratory, TeFarTI Center, Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
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14
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Yan Z, Qian Y, Fan C. Biomimicry in 3D printing design: implications for peripheral nerve regeneration. Regen Med 2021; 16:683-701. [PMID: 34189955 DOI: 10.2217/rme-2020-0182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Nerve guide conduits (NGCs) connect dissected nerve stumps and effectively repair short-range peripheral nerve defects. However, for long-range defects, autografts show better therapeutic effects, despite intrinsic limitations. Recent evidence shows that biomimetic design is essential for high-performance NGCs, and 3D printing is a promising fabricating technique. The current work includes a brief review of the challenges for peripheral nerve regeneration. The authors propose a potential solution using biomimetic 3D-printed NGCs as alternative therapies. The assessment of biomimetic designs includes microarchitecture, mechanical property, electrical conductivity and biologics inclusion. The applications of 3D printing in preparing NGCs and present strategies to improve therapeutic effects are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwen Yan
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, China.,Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Orthopaedic Material Innovation and Tissue Regeneration, Shanghai, 200233, China.,Youth Science and Technology Innovation Studio, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Yun Qian
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, China.,Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Orthopaedic Material Innovation and Tissue Regeneration, Shanghai, 200233, China.,Youth Science and Technology Innovation Studio, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Cunyi Fan
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, China.,Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Orthopaedic Material Innovation and Tissue Regeneration, Shanghai, 200233, China.,Youth Science and Technology Innovation Studio, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, China
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15
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Siddiqui AM, Brunner R, Harris GM, Miller AL, Waletzki BE, Schmeichel AM, Schwarzbauer JE, Schwartz J, Yaszemski MJ, Windebank AJ, Madigan NN. Promoting Neuronal Outgrowth Using Ridged Scaffolds Coated with Extracellular Matrix Proteins. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9050479. [PMID: 33925613 PMCID: PMC8146557 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9050479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) results in cell death, demyelination, and axonal loss. The spinal cord has a limited ability to regenerate, and current clinical therapies for SCI are not effective in helping promote neurologic recovery. We have developed a novel scaffold biomaterial that is fabricated from the biodegradable hydrogel oligo(poly(ethylene glycol)fumarate) (OPF). We have previously shown that positively charged OPF scaffolds (OPF+) in an open spaced, multichannel design can be loaded with Schwann cells to support axonal generation and functional recovery following SCI. We have now developed a hybrid OPF+ biomaterial that increases the surface area available for cell attachment and that contains an aligned microarchitecture and extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins to better support axonal regeneration. OPF+ was fabricated as 0.08 mm thick sheets containing 100 μm high polymer ridges that self-assemble into a spiral shape when hydrated. Laminin, fibronectin, or collagen I coating promoted neuron attachment and axonal outgrowth on the scaffold surface. In addition, the ridges aligned axons in a longitudinal bipolar orientation. Decreasing the space between the ridges increased the number of cells and neurites aligned in the direction of the ridge. Schwann cells seeded on laminin coated OPF+ sheets aligned along the ridges over a 6-day period and could myelinate dorsal root ganglion neurons over 4 weeks. This novel scaffold design, with closer spaced ridges and Schwann cells, is a novel biomaterial construct to promote regeneration after SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahad M. Siddiqui
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; (A.M.S.); (A.M.S.); (A.J.W.)
| | - Rosa Brunner
- Program in Human Medicine, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria;
| | - Gregory M. Harris
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08540, USA; (G.M.H.); (J.E.S.)
| | - Alan Lee Miller
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; (A.L.M.II); (B.E.W.)
| | - Brian E. Waletzki
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; (A.L.M.II); (B.E.W.)
| | - Ann M. Schmeichel
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; (A.M.S.); (A.M.S.); (A.J.W.)
| | - Jean E. Schwarzbauer
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08540, USA; (G.M.H.); (J.E.S.)
| | - Jeffrey Schwartz
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA; (J.S.); (M.J.Y.)
| | - Michael J. Yaszemski
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA; (J.S.); (M.J.Y.)
| | - Anthony J. Windebank
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; (A.M.S.); (A.M.S.); (A.J.W.)
| | - Nicolas N. Madigan
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; (A.M.S.); (A.M.S.); (A.J.W.)
- Correspondence:
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16
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Yonesi M, Garcia-Nieto M, Guinea GV, Panetsos F, Pérez-Rigueiro J, González-Nieto D. Silk Fibroin: An Ancient Material for Repairing the Injured Nervous System. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:429. [PMID: 33806846 PMCID: PMC8004633 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13030429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Silk refers to a family of natural fibers spun by several species of invertebrates such as spiders and silkworms. In particular, silkworm silk, the silk spun by Bombyx mori larvae, has been primarily used in the textile industry and in clinical settings as a main component of sutures for tissue repairing and wound ligation. The biocompatibility, remarkable mechanical performance, controllable degradation, and the possibility of producing silk-based materials in several formats, have laid the basic principles that have triggered and extended the use of this material in regenerative medicine. The field of neural soft tissue engineering is not an exception, as it has taken advantage of the properties of silk to promote neuronal growth and nerve guidance. In addition, silk has notable intrinsic properties and the by-products derived from its degradation show anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Finally, this material can be employed for the controlled release of factors and drugs, as well as for the encapsulation and implantation of exogenous stem and progenitor cells with therapeutic capacity. In this article, we review the state of the art on manufacturing methodologies and properties of fiber-based and non-fiber-based formats, as well as the application of silk-based biomaterials to neuroprotect and regenerate the damaged nervous system. We review previous studies that strategically have used silk to enhance therapeutics dealing with highly prevalent central and peripheral disorders such as stroke, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and peripheral trauma. Finally, we discuss previous research focused on the modification of this biomaterial, through biofunctionalization techniques and/or the creation of novel composite formulations, that aim to transform silk, beyond its natural performance, into more efficient silk-based-polymers towards the clinical arena of neuroprotection and regeneration in nervous system diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Yonesi
- Center for Biomedical Technology, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28223 Pozuelo de Alarcón, Spain; (M.Y.); (G.V.G.)
- Silk Biomed SL, 28260 Madrid, Spain;
| | | | - Gustavo V. Guinea
- Center for Biomedical Technology, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28223 Pozuelo de Alarcón, Spain; (M.Y.); (G.V.G.)
- Silk Biomed SL, 28260 Madrid, Spain;
- Departamento de Ciencia de Materiales, ETSI Caminos, Canales y Puertos, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Center in Bioengineering Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Fivos Panetsos
- Silk Biomed SL, 28260 Madrid, Spain;
- Neurocomputing and Neurorobotics Research Group, Faculty of Biology and Faculty of Optics, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Innovation Group, Institute for Health Research San Carlos Clinical Hospital (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - José Pérez-Rigueiro
- Center for Biomedical Technology, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28223 Pozuelo de Alarcón, Spain; (M.Y.); (G.V.G.)
- Silk Biomed SL, 28260 Madrid, Spain;
- Departamento de Ciencia de Materiales, ETSI Caminos, Canales y Puertos, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Center in Bioengineering Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Daniel González-Nieto
- Center for Biomedical Technology, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28223 Pozuelo de Alarcón, Spain; (M.Y.); (G.V.G.)
- Silk Biomed SL, 28260 Madrid, Spain;
- Biomedical Research Networking Center in Bioengineering Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Tecnología Fotónica y Bioingeniería, ETSI Telecomunicaciones, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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17
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Guiotto M, Raffoul W, Hart AM, Riehle MO, di Summa PG. Human Platelet Lysate Acts Synergistically With Laminin to Improve the Neurotrophic Effect of Human Adipose-Derived Stem Cells on Primary Neurons in vitro. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:658176. [PMID: 33816456 PMCID: PMC8017201 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.658176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Despite the advancements in microsurgical techniques and noteworthy research in the last decade, peripheral nerve lesions have still weak functional outcomes in current clinical practice. However, cell transplantation of human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSC) in a bioengineered conduit has shown promising results in animal studies. Human platelet lysate (hPL) has been adopted to avoid fetal bovine serum (FBS) in consideration of the biosafety concerns inherent with the use of animal-derived products in tissue processing and cell culture steps for translational purposes. In this work, we investigate how the interplay between hPL-expanded hADSC (hADSChPL) and extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins influences key elements of nerve regeneration. Methods hADSC were seeded on different ECM coatings (laminin, LN; fibronectin, FN) in hPL (or FBS)-supplemented medium and co-cultured with primary dorsal root ganglion (DRG) to establish the intrinsic effects of cell–ECM contact on neural outgrowth. Co-cultures were performed “direct,” where neural cells were seeded in contact with hADSC expanded on ECM-coated substrates (contact effect), or “indirect,” where DRG was treated with their conditioned medium (secretome effect). Brain-derived nerve factor (BDNF) levels were quantified. Tissue culture plastic (TCPS) was used as the control substrate in all the experiments. Results hPL as supplement alone did not promote higher neurite elongation than FBS when combined with DRG on ECM substrates. However, in the presence of hADSC, hPL could dramatically enhance the stem cell effect with increased DRG neurite outgrowth when compared with FBS conditions, regardless of the ECM coating (in both indirect and direct co-cultures). The role of ECM substrates in influencing neurite outgrowth was less evident in the FBS conditions, while it was significantly amplified in the presence of hPL, showing better neural elongation in LN conditions when compared with FN and TCPS. Concerning hADSC growth factor secretion, ELISA showed significantly higher concentrations of BDNF when cells were expanded in hPL compared with FBS-added medium, without significant differences between cells cultured on the different ECM substrates. Conclusion The data suggest how hADSC grown on LN and supplemented with hPL could be active and prone to support neuron–matrix interactions. hPL enhanced hADSC effects by increasing both proliferation and neurotrophic properties, including BDNF release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martino Guiotto
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Hand Surgery, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland.,Centre for the Cellular Microenvironment, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Wassim Raffoul
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Hand Surgery, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Andrew M Hart
- Centre for the Cellular Microenvironment, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom.,Canniesburn Plastic Surgery Unit, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Mathis O Riehle
- Centre for the Cellular Microenvironment, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Pietro G di Summa
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Hand Surgery, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland
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18
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Rochkind S, Almog M, Meilin S, Nevo Z. Reviving Matrix for Nerve Reconstruction in Rabbit Model of Chronic Peripheral Nerve Injury With Massive Loss Defect. Front Surg 2021; 7:609638. [PMID: 33521046 PMCID: PMC7844361 DOI: 10.3389/fsurg.2020.609638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims: The aim of this study was to investigate the innovative guiding regenerative gel (GRG) and antigliotic GRG (AGRG) fillings for nerve conduits, prepared with Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved agents and expected to provide an alternative to autologous nerve graft and to enable reconnection of massive nerve gaps in a rabbit model of chronic peripheral nerve injury with massive loss defect that simulates the human condition of chronic injury with a large gap. Methods: The components and dosimetry for GRG and AGRG formulations were investigated in vitro on nerve cell culture and in vivo on 10-mm reconstructed sciatic nerves of 72 rats using different concentrations of agents and completed on a rabbit model of delayed (chronic) complete peripheral nerve injury with a 25-mm gap. Forty rabbits underwent delayed (9 weeks after complete injury of the tibial portion of the sciatic nerve) nerve tube reconstruction of a gap that is 25 mm long. GRG and AGRG groups were compared with autologous and empty tube reconstructed groups. Rats and rabbits underwent electrophysiological and histochemical assessments (19 weeks for rats and 40 weeks for rabbits). Results: Application of AGRG showed a significant increase of about 78% in neurite length per cell and was shown to have the most promising effect on neuronal outgrowth, with total number of neurites increasing by 4-fold. The electrophysiological follow-up showed that AGRG treatment is most promising for the reconstruction of the tibial portion of the sciatic nerve with a critical gap of 25 mm. The beneficial effect of AGRG was found when compared with the autologous nerve graft reconstruction. Thirty-one weeks post the second surgery (delayed reconstruction), histochemical observation showed significant regeneration after using AGRG neurogel, compared with the empty tube, and succeeded in significantly regenerating the nerve, as well as the autologous nerve graft, which was almost similar to a healthy nerve. Conclusion: We demonstrate that in the model of delayed peripheral nerve repair with massive loss defect, the application of AGRG led to a stronger nerve recovery and can be an alternative to autologous nerve graft.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shimon Rochkind
- Research Center for Nerve Reconstruction, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Mara Almog
- Research Center for Nerve Reconstruction, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Sigal Meilin
- Neurology R&D Division, MD Biosciences, Ness Ziona, Israel
| | - Zvi Nevo
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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19
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Meena P, Kakkar A, Kumar M, Khatri N, Nagar RK, Singh A, Malhotra P, Shukla M, Saraswat SK, Srivastava S, Datt R, Pandey S. Advances and clinical challenges for translating nerve conduit technology from bench to bed side for peripheral nerve repair. Cell Tissue Res 2020; 383:617-644. [PMID: 33201351 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-020-03301-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Injuries to the peripheral nervous system remain a large-scale clinical problem. These injuries often lead to loss of motor and/or sensory function that significantly affects patients' quality of life. The current neurosurgical approach for peripheral nerve repair involves autologous nerve transplantation, which often leads to clinical complications. The most pressing need is to increase the regenerative capacity of existing tubular constructs in the repair of large nerve gaps through development of tissue-engineered approaches that can surpass the performance of autografts. To fully realize the clinical potential of nerve conduit technology, there is a need to reconsider design strategies, biomaterial selection, fabrication techniques and the various potential modifications to optimize a conduit microenvironment that can best mimic the natural process of regeneration. In recent years, a significant progress has been made in the designing and functionality of bioengineered nerve conduits to bridge long peripheral nerve gaps in various animal models. However, translation of this work from lab to commercial scale has not been achieve. The current review summarizes recent advances in the development of tissue engineered nerve guidance conduits (NGCs) with regard to choice of material, novel fabrication methods, surface modifications and regenerative cues such as stem cells and growth factors to improve regeneration performance. Also, the current clinical potential and future perspectives to achieve therapeutic benefits of NGCs will be discussed in context of peripheral nerve regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poonam Meena
- Department of Life Sciences, Datt Mediproducts Pvt. Ltd., Roz Ka Meo Industrial Area, District Mewat, Nuh, 122103, District Haryana, India
| | - Anupama Kakkar
- Department of Life Sciences, Datt Mediproducts Pvt. Ltd., Roz Ka Meo Industrial Area, District Mewat, Nuh, 122103, District Haryana, India
| | - Mukesh Kumar
- Department of Life Sciences, Datt Mediproducts Pvt. Ltd., Roz Ka Meo Industrial Area, District Mewat, Nuh, 122103, District Haryana, India
| | - Nitin Khatri
- Department of Life Sciences, Datt Mediproducts Pvt. Ltd., Roz Ka Meo Industrial Area, District Mewat, Nuh, 122103, District Haryana, India
| | - Rakesh Kumar Nagar
- Department of Life Sciences, Datt Mediproducts Pvt. Ltd., Roz Ka Meo Industrial Area, District Mewat, Nuh, 122103, District Haryana, India
| | - Aarti Singh
- Department of Life Sciences, Datt Mediproducts Pvt. Ltd., Roz Ka Meo Industrial Area, District Mewat, Nuh, 122103, District Haryana, India
| | - Poonam Malhotra
- Department of Life Sciences, Datt Mediproducts Pvt. Ltd., Roz Ka Meo Industrial Area, District Mewat, Nuh, 122103, District Haryana, India
| | - Manish Shukla
- Department of Life Sciences, Datt Mediproducts Pvt. Ltd., Roz Ka Meo Industrial Area, District Mewat, Nuh, 122103, District Haryana, India
| | - Sumit Kumar Saraswat
- Department of Life Sciences, Datt Mediproducts Pvt. Ltd., Roz Ka Meo Industrial Area, District Mewat, Nuh, 122103, District Haryana, India
| | - Supriya Srivastava
- Department of Life Sciences, Datt Mediproducts Pvt. Ltd., Roz Ka Meo Industrial Area, District Mewat, Nuh, 122103, District Haryana, India
| | - Rajan Datt
- Department of Life Sciences, Datt Mediproducts Pvt. Ltd., Roz Ka Meo Industrial Area, District Mewat, Nuh, 122103, District Haryana, India
| | - Siddharth Pandey
- Department of Life Sciences, Datt Mediproducts Pvt. Ltd., Roz Ka Meo Industrial Area, District Mewat, Nuh, 122103, District Haryana, India.
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20
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Huang L, Gao J, Wang H, Xia B, Yang Y, Xu F, Zheng X, Huang J, Luo Z. Fabrication of 3D Scaffolds Displaying Biochemical Gradients along Longitudinally Oriented Microchannels for Neural Tissue Engineering. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:48380-48394. [PMID: 33052661 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c15185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Biochemical and physical guidance cues are both pivotal for axonal guidance and nerve regeneration. However, fabrication of a platform that can integrate biochemical gradients and topographical guidance cues remains challenging, especially in a three-dimensional (3D) scaffold that closely mimics in vivo axonal outgrowth conditions and ready to be used for in vivo nerve repair. In this study, a new method was introduced to construct 3D scaffolds displaying continuous biochemical gradients along longitudinally oriented microchannels by combining the modified 3D printing and directional freezing techniques. Fluorescence analysis and ELISA results demonstrated that a continuous biochemical gradient was formed, and scanning electron microscopy revealed a longitudinally oriented microstructure. Dorsal root ganglia explants seeded on the longitudinal sections of the newly developed scaffold (scaffold with nerve growth factor gradient along oriented microstructure, G-NGF + OS) showed that 81.3 ± 4.5% of neurites oriented within ±10°, 0.3 ± 0.1 of guidance ratio, and 1.5-fold of the average length of neurites on the high-nerve growth factor (NGF) concentration side compared to that on the low-NGF concentration side, which were significantly higher than those in the other groups. In addition, the G-NGF + OS scaffold was used to repair a 15 mm sciatic nerve defect in rats. Immunofluorescence staining, Fluoro-Gold retrograde tracing, and transmission electron microscopy results confirmed that the G-NGF + OS scaffold enhanced nerve regeneration to the distal target and promoted myelination of regenerated axons. More importantly, the sciatic functional index and the von Frey test demonstrated that the G-NGF + OS scaffold accelerated sensory and motor functional recovery. These results provide new insights into the importance of combining topographical guidance cues with bioactive molecule gradient cues for neural tissue engineering. The 3D scaffold displaying biochemical gradients along longitudinally oriented microchannels represents a promising platform for the development of advanced devices for severe nervous system injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangliang Huang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
- Department of Orthopaedics, General Hospital of Central Theater Command of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Jianbo Gao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Heran Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Robotics, Shenyang Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, Liaoning 110000, China
| | - Bing Xia
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Yujie Yang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Feng Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics, General Hospital of Central Theater Command of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Xiongfei Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Robotics, Shenyang Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, Liaoning 110000, China
| | - Jinghui Huang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Zhuojing Luo
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, China
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21
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Fornasari BE, Carta G, Gambarotta G, Raimondo S. Natural-Based Biomaterials for Peripheral Nerve Injury Repair. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:554257. [PMID: 33178670 PMCID: PMC7596179 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.554257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Peripheral nerve injury treatment is a relevant problem because of nerve lesion high incidence and because of unsatisfactory regeneration after severe injuries, thus resulting in a reduced patient's life quality. To repair severe nerve injuries characterized by substance loss and to improve the regeneration outcome at both motor and sensory level, different strategies have been investigated. Although autograft remains the gold standard technique, a growing number of research articles concerning nerve conduit use has been reported in the last years. Nerve conduits aim to overcome autograft disadvantages, but they must satisfy some requirements to be suitable for nerve repair. A universal ideal conduit does not exist, since conduit properties have to be evaluated case by case; nevertheless, because of their high biocompatibility and biodegradability, natural-based biomaterials have great potentiality to be used to produce nerve guides. Although they share many characteristics with synthetic biomaterials, natural-based biomaterials should also be preferable because of their extraction sources; indeed, these biomaterials are obtained from different renewable sources or food waste, thus reducing environmental impact and enhancing sustainability in comparison to synthetic ones. This review reports the strengths and weaknesses of natural-based biomaterials used for manufacturing peripheral nerve conduits, analyzing the interactions between natural-based biomaterials and biological environment. Particular attention was paid to the description of the preclinical outcome of nerve regeneration in injury repaired with the different natural-based conduits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benedetta E. Fornasari
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
- Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Giacomo Carta
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
- Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Giovanna Gambarotta
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
- Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Stefania Raimondo
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
- Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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Kasper M, Deister C, Beck F, Schmidt CE. Bench-to-Bedside Lessons Learned: Commercialization of an Acellular Nerve Graft. Adv Healthc Mater 2020; 9:e2000174. [PMID: 32583574 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202000174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Peripheral nerve injury can result in debilitating outcomes including loss of function and neuropathic pain. Although nerve repair research and therapeutic development are widely studied, translation of these ideas into clinical interventions has not occurred at the same rate. At the turn of this century, approaches to peripheral nerve repair have included microsurgical techniques, hollow conduits, and autologous nerve grafts. These methods provide satisfactory results; however, they possess numerous limitations that can prevent effective surgical treatment. Commercialization of Avance, a processed nerve allograft, sought to address limitations of earlier approaches by providing an off-the-shelf alternative to hollow conduits while maintaining many proregenerative properties of autologous grafts. Since its launch in 2007, Avance has changed the landscape of the nerve repair market and is used to treat tens of thousands of patients. Although Avance has become an important addition to surgeon and patient clinical options, the product's journey from bench to bedside took over 20 years with many research and commercialization challenges. This article reviews the events that have brought a processed nerve allograft from the laboratory bench to the patient bedside. Additionally, this review provides a perspective on lessons and considerations that can assist in translation of future medical products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Kasper
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of Florida Gainesville FL 32611 USA
| | | | | | - Christine E. Schmidt
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of Florida Gainesville FL 32611 USA
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Samadian H, Maleki H, Fathollahi A, Salehi M, Gholizadeh S, Derakhshankhah H, Allahyari Z, Jaymand M. Naturally occurring biological macromolecules-based hydrogels: Potential biomaterials for peripheral nerve regeneration. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 154:795-817. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.03.155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2020] [Revised: 03/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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24
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Carboxymethylchitosan hydrogel manufactured by radiation-induced crosslinking as potential nerve regeneration guide scaffold. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2020.104588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Functionalized nerve conduits for peripheral nerve regeneration: A literature review. HAND SURGERY & REHABILITATION 2020; 39:343-351. [PMID: 32485240 DOI: 10.1016/j.hansur.2020.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2019] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Functionalized neurotube are a third-generation of conduits with chemical or architectural bioactivity developed for axonal proliferation. The goal of this review is to provide a synopsis of the functionalized nerve conduits described in the literature according to their chemical and architectural properties and answer two questions: what are their mechanisms of action? Has their efficacy been proven compared to the autologous nerve graft? Our literature review relates all kind of conduits corresponding to functionalized neurotubes in peripheral nerve regeneration found in Medline and PubMed Central. Studies developing nerve gaps, chemotactic or structural features promoting each conduit, results, efficiency were selected. Fifty-five studies were selected and classified in: (a) intraluminal neurotrophic factors; (b) cell-based therapy (combined-in-vein muscles, amniotic membrane, Schwann cells, stem cells); (c) extracellular matrix proteins; (d) tissue engineering; (e) bioimplants. Functionalized neurotubes showed significantly better functional results than after end-to-end nerve suture. No studies can be able to show that neurotube results were better than autologous nerve graft results. We included all studies regardless of effectives to evaluate quality of reinnervation with modern tubulization. Functionalized neurotubes promote basic conduits for peripheral nerve regeneration. Thanks to bioengineering and microsurgery improvement, further neurotubes could promote best level of regeneration and functional recovery to successfully bridge a critical nerve gap.
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Jafari M, Delaviz H, Torabi S, Mohammadi J, Gheitasi I. The Effect of Muscle Graft With Nerve Growth Factor and Laminin on Sciatic Nerve Repair in Rats. Basic Clin Neurosci 2020; 10:333-344. [PMID: 32231770 PMCID: PMC7101516 DOI: 10.32598/bcn.9.10.145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2017] [Revised: 04/29/2017] [Accepted: 03/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Peripheral nerve injury is one of the most common damages that lead to physical disability. Considering the similarity between the coatings of skeletal muscles and nerve fibers, we conducted this research to determine the effect of muscle graft with Nerve Growth Factor (NGF) and Laminin (L) on nerve repair. Methods: We cut a 10-mm length of the sciatic nerve from 42 female Wistar rats (Weight: 200±250 g) and equally divided the rats into three groups. In the muscle graft+NGF+laminin group, the degenerated skeletal muscle was sutured with proximal and distal ends of the transected sciatic nerve. Then, NGF (100 ng) and laminin (1.28 mg/mL) were injected into the muscle graft. In the muscle graft group, normal saline was injected into the muscle graft. In the control group, 10 mm of the sciatic nerve was removed without any treatment. Functional recovery was assessed based on Sciatic Functional Index (SFI). Also, tracing motor neurons and histological studies were performed to evaluate nerve repair. The obtained data were analyzed by ANOVA test. Results: The Mean±SD SFI value significantly increased in the muscle graft+NGF+laminin (−76.6±2.9) and muscle graft (−82.1±3.5) groups 60 days after the injury compared to the control group. The Mean±SD number of labeled motor neurons significantly increased in the muscle graft+NGF+laminin (78.6±3.1) and muscle graft (61.3±6.1) groups compared to the control group (P<0.001). The mean number of myelinated axons in the distal segments of the muscle graft+NGF+laminin increased significantly compared to the muscle graft group. Conclusion: These findings suggest that muscle graft followed by NGF and laminin administration have therapeutic effects on nerve repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrzad Jafari
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
| | - Hamdollah Delaviz
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
| | - Somayeh Torabi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
| | - Jamshid Mohammadi
- Herbal Medicine Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
| | - Izadpanah Gheitasi
- Herbal Medicine Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
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Abalymov A, Parakhonskiy B, Skirtach AG. Polymer- and Hybrid-Based Biomaterials for Interstitial, Connective, Vascular, Nerve, Visceral and Musculoskeletal Tissue Engineering. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E620. [PMID: 32182751 PMCID: PMC7182904 DOI: 10.3390/polym12030620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Revised: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In this review, materials based on polymers and hybrids possessing both organic and inorganic contents for repairing or facilitating cell growth in tissue engineering are discussed. Pure polymer based biomaterials are predominantly used to target soft tissues. Stipulated by possibilities of tuning the composition and concentration of their inorganic content, hybrid materials allow to mimic properties of various types of harder tissues. That leads to the concept of "one-matches-all" referring to materials possessing the same polymeric base, but different inorganic content to enable tissue growth and repair, proliferation of cells, and the formation of the ECM (extra cellular matrix). Furthermore, adding drug delivery carriers to coatings and scaffolds designed with such materials brings additional functionality by encapsulating active molecules, antibacterial agents, and growth factors. We discuss here materials and methods of their assembly from a general perspective together with their applications in various tissue engineering sub-areas: interstitial, connective, vascular, nervous, visceral and musculoskeletal tissues. The overall aims of this review are two-fold: (a) to describe the needs and opportunities in the field of bio-medicine, which should be useful for material scientists, and (b) to present capabilities and resources available in the area of materials, which should be of interest for biologists and medical doctors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anatolii Abalymov
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | | | - Andre G. Skirtach
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
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Chang W, Shah MB, Zhou G, Walsh K, Rudraiah S, Kumbar SG, Yu X. Polymeric nanofibrous nerve conduits coupled with laminin for peripheral nerve regeneration. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 15:035003. [PMID: 31918424 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/ab6994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Artificial nerve guidance conduits (NGCs) are being investigated as an alternative to autografts, since autografts are limited in supply. A polycaprolactone (PCL)-based spiral NGC with crosslinked laminin on aligned nanofibers was evaluated in vivo post a successful in vitro assessment. PC-12 cell assays confirmed that the aligned nanofibers functionalized with laminin were able to guide and enhance neurite outgrowth. In the rodent model, the data demonstrated that axons were able to regenerate across the critical nerve gap, when laminin was present. Without laminin, the spiral NGC with aligned nanofibers group resulted in a random cluster of extracellular matrix tissue following injuries. The reversed autograft group performed best, showing the most substantial improvement based on nerve histological assessment and gastrocnemius muscle measurement. Nevertheless, the recovery time was too short to obtain meaningful data for the motor functional assessments. A full motor recovery may take up to years. An interesting observation was noted in the crosslinked laminin group. Numerous new blood capillary-like structures were found around the regenerated nerve. Owing to recent studies, we hypothesized that new blood vessel formation could be one of the key factors to increase the successful rate of nerve regeneration in the current study. Overall, these findings indicated that the incorporation of laminin into polymeric nerve conduits is a promising strategy for enhancing peripheral nerve regeneration. However, the best combination of contact-guidance cues, haptotactic cues, and chemotactic cues have yet to be realized. The natural sequence of nerve regeneration should be studied more in-depth before modulating any strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Chang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ 07030, United States of America
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29
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Amin K, Moscalu R, Imere A, Murphy R, Barr S, Tan Y, Wong R, Sorooshian P, Zhang F, Stone J, Fildes J, Reid A, Wong J. The future application of nanomedicine and biomimicry in plastic and reconstructive surgery. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2019; 14:2679-2696. [DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2019-0119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Plastic surgery encompasses a broad spectrum of reconstructive challenges and prides itself upon developing and adopting new innovations. Practice has transitioned from microsurgery to supermicrosurgery with a possible future role in even smaller surgical frontiers. Exploiting materials on a nanoscale has enabled better visualization and enhancement of biological processes toward better wound healing, tumor identification and viability of tissues, all cornerstones of plastic surgery practice. Recent advances in nanomedicine and biomimicry herald further reconstructive progress facilitating soft and hard tissue, nerve and vascular engineering. These lay the foundation for improved biocompatibility and tissue integration by the optimization of engineered implants or tissues. This review will broadly examine each of these technologies, highlighting areas of progress that reconstructive surgeons may not be familiar with, which could see adoption into our armamentarium in the not-so-distant future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kavit Amin
- Blond McIndoe Laboratories, Division of Cell Matrix Biology & Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
- Department of Plastic Surgery & Burns, Wythenshawe Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
- Manchester Collaborative Centre for Inflammation Research (MCCIR), Division of Infection, Immunity & Respiratory Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
- The Transplant Centre, Wythenshawe Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Roxana Moscalu
- Blond McIndoe Laboratories, Division of Cell Matrix Biology & Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Angela Imere
- Blond McIndoe Laboratories, Division of Cell Matrix Biology & Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
- Department of Materials, School of Natural Sciences, Faculty of Science & Engineering Research Institutes, The University of Manchester, MSS Tower, Manchester, UK
| | - Ralph Murphy
- Blond McIndoe Laboratories, Division of Cell Matrix Biology & Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
- Department of Plastic Surgery & Burns, Wythenshawe Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Simon Barr
- Blond McIndoe Laboratories, Division of Cell Matrix Biology & Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
- Department of Plastic Surgery & Burns, Wythenshawe Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Youri Tan
- Blond McIndoe Laboratories, Division of Cell Matrix Biology & Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
- Department of Plastic Surgery & Burns, Wythenshawe Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Richard Wong
- Blond McIndoe Laboratories, Division of Cell Matrix Biology & Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
- Department of Plastic Surgery & Burns, Wythenshawe Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Parviz Sorooshian
- Blond McIndoe Laboratories, Division of Cell Matrix Biology & Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Fei Zhang
- Blond McIndoe Laboratories, Division of Cell Matrix Biology & Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
- Department of Materials, School of Natural Sciences, Faculty of Science & Engineering Research Institutes, The University of Manchester, MSS Tower, Manchester, UK
| | - John Stone
- Manchester Collaborative Centre for Inflammation Research (MCCIR), Division of Infection, Immunity & Respiratory Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
- The Transplant Centre, Wythenshawe Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - James Fildes
- Manchester Collaborative Centre for Inflammation Research (MCCIR), Division of Infection, Immunity & Respiratory Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
- The Transplant Centre, Wythenshawe Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Adam Reid
- Blond McIndoe Laboratories, Division of Cell Matrix Biology & Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
- Department of Plastic Surgery & Burns, Wythenshawe Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Jason Wong
- Blond McIndoe Laboratories, Division of Cell Matrix Biology & Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
- Department of Plastic Surgery & Burns, Wythenshawe Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
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Stuckensen K, Lamo-Espinosa JM, Muiños-López E, Ripalda-Cemboráin P, López-Martínez T, Iglesias E, Abizanda G, Andreu I, Flandes-Iparraguirre M, Pons-Villanueva J, Elizalde R, Nickel J, Ewald A, Gbureck U, Prósper F, Groll J, Granero-Moltó F. Anisotropic Cryostructured Collagen Scaffolds for Efficient Delivery of RhBMP-2 and Enhanced Bone Regeneration. MATERIALS 2019; 12:ma12193105. [PMID: 31554158 PMCID: PMC6804013 DOI: 10.3390/ma12193105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Revised: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
In the treatment of bone non-unions, an alternative to bone autografts is the use of bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), e.g., BMP–2, BMP–7, with powerful osteoinductive and osteogenic properties. In clinical settings, these osteogenic factors are applied using absorbable collagen sponges for local controlled delivery. Major side effects of this strategy are derived from the supraphysiological doses of BMPs needed, which may induce ectopic bone formation, chronic inflammation, and excessive bone resorption. In order to increase the efficiency of the delivered BMPs, we designed cryostructured collagen scaffolds functionalized with hydroxyapatite, mimicking the structure of cortical bone (aligned porosity, anisotropic) or trabecular bone (random distributed porosity, isotropic). We hypothesize that an anisotropic structure would enhance the osteoconductive properties of the scaffolds by increasing the regenerative performance of the provided rhBMP–2. In vitro, both scaffolds presented similar mechanical properties, rhBMP–2 retention and delivery capacity, as well as scaffold degradation time. In vivo, anisotropic scaffolds demonstrated better bone regeneration capabilities in a rat femoral critical-size defect model by increasing the defect bridging. In conclusion, anisotropic cryostructured collagen scaffolds improve bone regeneration by increasing the efficiency of rhBMP–2 mediated bone healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Stuckensen
- Department for Functional Materials in Medicine and Dentistry and Bavarian Polymer Institute, University of Würzburg, D-97070 Würzburg, Germany
| | - José M Lamo-Espinosa
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Emma Muiños-López
- Cell Therapy Area. Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Purificación Ripalda-Cemboráin
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Cell Therapy Area. Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | | | - Elena Iglesias
- Cell Therapy Area. Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Gloria Abizanda
- Cell Therapy Area. Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Ion Andreu
- Department of Materials CEIT-TECNUN, Universidad de Navarra, 20018 San Sebastian, Spain
| | | | - Juan Pons-Villanueva
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Reyes Elizalde
- Department of Materials CEIT-TECNUN, Universidad de Navarra, 20018 San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Joachim Nickel
- Department Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, University Hospital Würzburg, D-97070 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Andrea Ewald
- Department for Functional Materials in Medicine and Dentistry and Bavarian Polymer Institute, University of Würzburg, D-97070 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Uwe Gbureck
- Department for Functional Materials in Medicine and Dentistry and Bavarian Polymer Institute, University of Würzburg, D-97070 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Felipe Prósper
- Cell Therapy Area. Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Department of Haematology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Jürgen Groll
- Department for Functional Materials in Medicine and Dentistry and Bavarian Polymer Institute, University of Würzburg, D-97070 Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Froilán Granero-Moltó
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain.
- Cell Therapy Area. Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain.
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31
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Hsu R, Chen P, Fang J, Chen Y, Chang C, Lu Y, Hu S. Adaptable Microporous Hydrogels of Propagating NGF-Gradient by Injectable Building Blocks for Accelerated Axonal Outgrowth. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2019; 6:1900520. [PMID: 31453065 PMCID: PMC6702647 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201900520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Revised: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Injectable hydrogels in regeneration medicine can potentially mimic hierarchical natural living tissue and fill complexly shaped defects with minimally invasive implantation procedures. To achieve this goal, however, the versatile hydrogels that usually possess the nonporous structure and uncontrollable spatial agent release must overcome the difficulties in low cell-penetrative rates of tissue regeneration. In this study, an adaptable microporous hydrogel (AMH) composed of microsized building blocks with opposite charges serves as an injectable matrix with interconnected pores and propagates gradient growth factor for spontaneous assembly into a complex shape in real time. By embedding gradient concentrations of growth factors into the building blocks, the propagated gradient of the nerve growth factor, integrated to the cell-penetrative connected pores constructed by the building blocks in the nerve conduit, effectively promotes cell migration and induces dramatic bridging effects on peripheral nerve defects, achieving axon outgrowth of up to 4.7 mm and twofold axon fiber intensity in 4 days in vivo. Such AMHs with intrinsic properties of tunable mechanical properties, gradient propagation of biocues and effective induction of cell migration are potentially able to overcome the limitations of hydrogel-mediated tissue regeneration in general and can possibly be used in clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ru‐Siou Hsu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Environmental ScienceNational Tsing Hua UniversityHsinchu30013Taiwan
| | - Pei‐Yueh Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Environmental ScienceNational Tsing Hua UniversityHsinchu30013Taiwan
| | - Jen‐Hung Fang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Environmental ScienceNational Tsing Hua UniversityHsinchu30013Taiwan
| | - You‐Yin Chen
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringNational Yang Ming UniversityTaipei11221Taiwan
| | - Chien‐Wen Chang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Environmental ScienceNational Tsing Hua UniversityHsinchu30013Taiwan
| | - Yu‐Jen Lu
- Department of NeurosurgeryChang Gung Memorial Hospital Linkou Medical Center and College of MedicineChang Gung UniversityTaoyuan33305Taiwan
| | - Shang‐Hsiu Hu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Environmental ScienceNational Tsing Hua UniversityHsinchu30013Taiwan
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Preparation of carboxylic graphene oxide‐composited polypyrrole conduits and their effect on sciatic nerve repair under electrical stimulation. J Biomed Mater Res A 2019; 107:2784-2795. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.36781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Revised: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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33
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Shah MB, Chang W, Zhou G, Glavy JS, Cattabiani TM, Yu X. Novel spiral structured nerve guidance conduits with multichannels and inner longitudinally aligned nanofibers for peripheral nerve regeneration. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2019; 107:1410-1419. [PMID: 30265781 PMCID: PMC6438778 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.34233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2018] [Revised: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 08/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Nerve guidance conduits (NGCs) are artificial substitutes for autografts, which serve as the gold standard in treating peripheral nerve injury. A recurring challenge in tissue engineered NGCs is optimizing the cross-sectional surface area to achieve a balance between allowing nerve infiltration while supporting maximum axonal extension from the proximal to distal stump. In this study, we address this issue by investigating the efficacy of an NGC with a higher cross-sectional surface composed of spiral structures and multi-channels, coupled with inner longitudinally aligned nanofibers and protein on aiding nerve repair in critical sized nerve defect. The NGCs were implanted into 15-mm-long rat sciatic nerve injury gaps for 4 weeks. Nerve regeneration was assessed using an established set of assays, including the walking track analysis, electrophysiological testing, pinch reflex assessment, gastrocnemius muscle measurement, and histological assessment. The results indicated that the novel NGC design yielded promising data in encouraging nerve regeneration within a relatively short recovery time. The performance of the novel NGC for nerve regeneration was superior to that of the control nerve conduits with tubular structures. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater 107B: 1410-1419, 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Munish B. Shah
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Charles V. Schaefer, Jr. School of Engineering & Science Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ 07030
| | - Wei Chang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Charles V. Schaefer, Jr. School of Engineering & Science Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ 07030
| | - Gan Zhou
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Charles V. Schaefer, Jr. School of Engineering & Science Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ 07030
| | - Joseph S. Glavy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fisch College of Pharmacy, University of Tyler, Tyler, Texas 75799
| | - Thomas M. Cattabiani
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Charles V. Schaefer, Jr. School of Engineering & Science Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ 07030
| | - Xiaojun Yu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Charles V. Schaefer, Jr. School of Engineering & Science Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ 07030
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Sun AX, Prest TA, Fowler JR, Brick RM, Gloss KM, Li X, DeHart M, Shen H, Yang G, Brown BN, Alexander PG, Tuan RS. Conduits harnessing spatially controlled cell-secreted neurotrophic factors improve peripheral nerve regeneration. Biomaterials 2019; 203:86-95. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2019.01.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Revised: 12/15/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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George J, Hsu CC, Nguyen LTB, Ye H, Cui Z. Neural tissue engineering with structured hydrogels in CNS models and therapies. Biotechnol Adv 2019; 42:107370. [PMID: 30902729 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2019.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Revised: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The development of techniques to create and use multiphase microstructured hydrogels (granular hydrogels or microgels) has enabled the generation of cultures with more biologically relevant architecture and use of structured hydrogels is especially pertinent to the development of new types of central nervous system (CNS) culture models and therapies. We review material choice and the customisation of hydrogel structure, as well as the use of hydrogels in developmental models. Combining the use of structured hydrogel techniques with developmentally relevant tissue culture approaches will enable the generation of more relevant models and treatments to repair damaged CNS tissue architecture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian George
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Chia-Chen Hsu
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Linh Thuy Ba Nguyen
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Hua Ye
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
| | - Zhanfeng Cui
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
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Rasti Boroojen F, Mashayekhan S, Abbaszadeh HA. The Controlled Release of Dexamethasone Sodium Phosphate from Bioactive Electrospun PCL/Gelatin Nanofiber Scaffold. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH : IJPR 2019; 18:111-124. [PMID: 31089349 PMCID: PMC6487400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
In this study, a system of dexamethasone sodium phosphate (DEXP)-loaded chitosan nanoparticles embedded in poly-ε-caprolacton (PCL) and gelatin electrospun nanofiber scaffold was introduced with potential therapeutic application for treatment of the nervous system. Besides anti-inflammatory properties, DEXP act through its glucocorticoid receptors, which are involved in the inhibition of astrocyte proliferation and microglial activation. Bovine serum albumin (BSA) was used to improve the encapsulation efficiency of DEXP within chitosan nanoparticles and to overcome its initial burst release. BSA incorporation within the chitosan nanoparticles increased the encapsulation efficiency of DEXP from 30% to 77%. The comparison between DEXP release profile from PCL/gelatin scaffold with and without chitosan nanoparticles revealed that the system of DEXP-BSA-loaded chitosan nanoparticles embedded in electrospun PCL nanofiber scaffold provided a more controlled release pattern of the loaded drug. The scaffolds properties in terms of structure, hydrophilicity, cell compatibility, mechanical property, and biodegradability were further investigated, which might show its potential application for the repair of spinal cord injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Rasti Boroojen
- Department of chemical and petroleum engineering, Sharif University of technology, , Tehran, Iran.
| | - Shohreh Mashayekhan
- Department of chemical and petroleum engineering, Sharif University of technology, , Tehran, Iran. ,Corresponding author: E-mail: ;
| | - Hojjat-Allah Abbaszadeh
- Hearing Disorders Research Center, Loghman Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Corresponding author: E-mail: ;
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Dixon AR, Jariwala SH, Bilis Z, Loverde JR, Pasquina PF, Alvarez LM. Bridging the gap in peripheral nerve repair with 3D printed and bioprinted conduits. Biomaterials 2018; 186:44-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2018.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Revised: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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Wang ZZ, Sakiyama-Elbert SE. Matrices, scaffolds & carriers for cell delivery in nerve regeneration. Exp Neurol 2018; 319:112837. [PMID: 30291854 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2018.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Revised: 09/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Nerve injuries can be life-long debilitating traumas that severely impact patients' quality of life. While many acellular neural scaffolds have been developed to aid the process of nerve regeneration, complete functional recovery is still very difficult to achieve, especially for long-gap peripheral nerve injury and most cases of spinal cord injury. Cell-based therapies have shown many promising results for improving nerve regeneration. With recent advances in neural tissue engineering, the integration of biomaterial scaffolds and cell transplantation are emerging as a more promising approach to enhance nerve regeneration. This review provides an overview of important considerations for designing cell-carrier biomaterial scaffolds. It also discusses current biomaterials used for scaffolds that provide permissive and instructive microenvironments for improved cell transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze Zhong Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Austin at Texas, Austin, TX, USA
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Wieringa PA, Gonçalves de Pinho AR, Micera S, Wezel RJA, Moroni L. Biomimetic Architectures for Peripheral Nerve Repair: A Review of Biofabrication Strategies. Adv Healthc Mater 2018; 7:e1701164. [PMID: 29349931 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201701164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2017] [Revised: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Biofabrication techniques have endeavored to improve the regeneration of the peripheral nervous system (PNS), but nothing has surpassed the performance of current clinical practices. However, these current approaches have intrinsic limitations that compromise patient care. The "gold standard" autograft provides the best outcomes but requires suitable donor material, while implantable hollow nerve guide conduits (NGCs) can only repair small nerve defects. This review places emphasis on approaches that create structural cues within a hollow NGC lumen in order to match or exceed the regenerative performance of the autograft. An overview of the PNS and nerve regeneration is provided. This is followed by an assessment of reported devices, divided into three major categories: isotropic hydrogel fillers, acting as unstructured interluminal support for regenerating nerves; fibrous interluminal fillers, presenting neurites with topographical guidance within the lumen; and patterned interluminal scaffolds, providing 3D support for nerve growth via structures that mimic native PNS tissue. Also presented is a critical framework to evaluate the impact of reported outcomes. While a universal and versatile nerve repair strategy remains elusive, outlined here is a roadmap of past, present, and emerging fabrication techniques to inform and motivate new developments in the field of peripheral nerve regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul A. Wieringa
- Department of Complex Tissue RegenerationMERLN Institute for Technology‐Inspired Regenerative MedicineMaastricht University Universiteitssingel 40 Maastricht 6229 ER The Netherlands
| | - Ana Rita Gonçalves de Pinho
- Tissue Regeneration DepartmentMIRA InstituteUniversity of Twente Drienerlolaan 5 Enschede 7522 NB The Netherlands
| | - Silvestro Micera
- BioRobotics InstituteScuola Superiore Sant'Anna Viale Rinaldo Piaggio 34 Pontedera 56025 Italy
- Translational Neural Engineering LaboratoryEcole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne Ch. des Mines 9 Geneva CH‐1202 Switzerland
| | - Richard J. A. Wezel
- BiophysicsDonders Institute for BrainCognition and BehaviourRadboud University Kapittelweg 29 Nijmegen 6525 EN The Netherlands
- Biomedical Signals and SystemsMIRA InstituteUniversity of Twente Drienerlolaan 5 Enschede 7522 NB The Netherlands
| | - Lorenzo Moroni
- Department of Complex Tissue RegenerationMERLN Institute for Technology‐Inspired Regenerative MedicineMaastricht University Universiteitssingel 40 Maastricht 6229 ER The Netherlands
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40
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Wrobel MR, Sundararaghavan HG. Biomaterial Cues to Direct a Pro-regenerative Phenotype in Macrophages and Schwann Cells. Neuroscience 2018; 376:172-187. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2018.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2017] [Revised: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 02/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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41
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Prest TA, Yeager E, LoPresti ST, Zygelyte E, Martin MJ, Dong L, Gibson A, Olutoye OO, Brown BN, Cheetham J. Nerve-specific, xenogeneic extracellular matrix hydrogel promotes recovery following peripheral nerve injury. J Biomed Mater Res A 2018; 106:450-459. [PMID: 28891122 PMCID: PMC5745279 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.36235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2016] [Revised: 08/16/2017] [Accepted: 09/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Peripheral nerve possesses the inherent ability to regrow and recover following injury. However, nerve regeneration is often slow and incomplete due to limitations associated with the local microenvironment during the repair process. Manipulation of the local microenvironment at the site of nerve repair, therefore, represents a significant opportunity for improvement in downstream outcomes. Macrophages and Schwann cells play a key role in the orchestration of early events after peripheral nerve injury. We describe the production, characterization, and use of an injectable, peripheral nerve-specific extracellular matrix-based hydrogel (PNSECM) for promoting modulation of the local macrophage and Schwann cell responses at the site of nerve repair in a rodent model of sciatic nerve injury. We show that PNSECM hydrogels largely maintain the matrix structure associated with normal native peripheral nerve tissue. PNSECM hydrogels were also found to promote increased macrophage invasion, higher percentages of M2 macrophages and enhanced Schwann cell migration when used as a lumen filler in a rodent model of nerve gap repair using an inert nerve guidance conduit. These results suggest that an injectable PNSECM hydrogel can provide a supportive, bioactive scaffold which promotes repair of peripheral nerve in vivo. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 106A: 450-459, 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Travis A. Prest
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Eric Yeager
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY
| | - Samuel T. LoPresti
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | | | | | - Longying Dong
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY
| | - Alexis Gibson
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY
| | - Oluyinka O. Olutoye
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Bryan N. Brown
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY
| | - Jonathan Cheetham
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY
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Wu H, Fang Q, Liu J, Yu X, Xu Y, Wan Y, Xiao B. Multi-tubule conduit-filler constructs loaded with gradient-distributed growth factors for neural tissue engineering applications. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2018; 77:671-682. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2017.10.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2017] [Revised: 10/01/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hua Wu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Minnan PET Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen 316003, PR China
| | - Qing Fang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | - Jiaoyan Liu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | - Xiaofeng Yu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | - Yigui Xu
- Department of Research and Development, ZCPPE Ltd., 5160 Skyline Way NE, Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2E 6V1
| | - Ying Wan
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, PR China.
| | - Bo Xiao
- Institute for Clean Energy and Advanced Materials, Faculty for Materials and Energy, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China.
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43
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Ryan AJ, Lackington WA, Hibbitts AJ, Matheson A, Alekseeva T, Stejskalova A, Roche P, O'Brien FJ. A Physicochemically Optimized and Neuroconductive Biphasic Nerve Guidance Conduit for Peripheral Nerve Repair. Adv Healthc Mater 2017; 6. [PMID: 28975768 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201700954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Clinically available hollow nerve guidance conduits (NGCs) have had limited success in treating large peripheral nerve injuries. This study aims to develop a biphasic NGC combining a physicochemically optimized collagen outer conduit to bridge the transected nerve, and a neuroconductive hyaluronic acid-based luminal filler to support regeneration. The outer conduit is mechanically optimized by manipulating crosslinking and collagen density, allowing the engineering of a high wall permeability to mitigate the risk of neuroma formation, while also maintaining physiologically relevant stiffness and enzymatic degradation tuned to coincide with regeneration rates. Freeze-drying is used to seamlessly integrate the luminal filler into the conduit, creating a longitudinally aligned pore microarchitecture. The luminal stiffness is modulated to support Schwann cells, with laminin incorporation further enhancing bioactivity by improving cell attachment and metabolic activity. Additionally, this biphasic NGC is shown to support neurogenesis and gliogenesis of neural progenitor cells and axonal outgrowth from dorsal root ganglia. These findings highlight the paradigm that a successful NGC requires the concerted optimization of both a mechanical support phase capable of bridging a nerve defect and a neuroconductive phase with an architecture capable of supporting both Schwann cells and neurons in order to achieve functional regenerative outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan J. Ryan
- Tissue Engineering Research Group (TERG); Department of Anatomy; Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland; Dublin Ireland
- Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research (AMBER) Centre; Trinity College Dublin; Dublin Ireland
- Trinity Centre for Bioengineering (TCBE); Trinity College Dublin; Dublin Ireland
| | - William A. Lackington
- Tissue Engineering Research Group (TERG); Department of Anatomy; Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland; Dublin Ireland
- Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research (AMBER) Centre; Trinity College Dublin; Dublin Ireland
- Trinity Centre for Bioengineering (TCBE); Trinity College Dublin; Dublin Ireland
| | - Alan J. Hibbitts
- Tissue Engineering Research Group (TERG); Department of Anatomy; Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland; Dublin Ireland
- Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research (AMBER) Centre; Trinity College Dublin; Dublin Ireland
- Trinity Centre for Bioengineering (TCBE); Trinity College Dublin; Dublin Ireland
| | - Austyn Matheson
- Tissue Engineering Research Group (TERG); Department of Anatomy; Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland; Dublin Ireland
- Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research (AMBER) Centre; Trinity College Dublin; Dublin Ireland
- Trinity Centre for Bioengineering (TCBE); Trinity College Dublin; Dublin Ireland
| | - Tijna Alekseeva
- Tissue Engineering Research Group (TERG); Department of Anatomy; Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland; Dublin Ireland
- Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research (AMBER) Centre; Trinity College Dublin; Dublin Ireland
- Trinity Centre for Bioengineering (TCBE); Trinity College Dublin; Dublin Ireland
| | - Anna Stejskalova
- Tissue Engineering Research Group (TERG); Department of Anatomy; Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland; Dublin Ireland
- Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research (AMBER) Centre; Trinity College Dublin; Dublin Ireland
- Trinity Centre for Bioengineering (TCBE); Trinity College Dublin; Dublin Ireland
| | - Phoebe Roche
- Tissue Engineering Research Group (TERG); Department of Anatomy; Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland; Dublin Ireland
- Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research (AMBER) Centre; Trinity College Dublin; Dublin Ireland
- Trinity Centre for Bioengineering (TCBE); Trinity College Dublin; Dublin Ireland
| | - Fergal J. O'Brien
- Tissue Engineering Research Group (TERG); Department of Anatomy; Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland; Dublin Ireland
- Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research (AMBER) Centre; Trinity College Dublin; Dublin Ireland
- Trinity Centre for Bioengineering (TCBE); Trinity College Dublin; Dublin Ireland
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Chang YC, Chen MH, Liao SY, Wu HC, Kuan CH, Sun JS, Wang TW. Multichanneled Nerve Guidance Conduit with Spatial Gradients of Neurotrophic Factors and Oriented Nanotopography for Repairing the Peripheral Nervous System. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:37623-37636. [PMID: 28990762 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b12567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Peripheral nerve injuries, causing sensory and motor impairment, affect a great number of patients annually. It is therefore important to incorporate different strategies to promote nerve healing. Among the treatment options, however, the efficacy of nerve conduits is often compromised by their lack of living cells, insufficient growth factors, and absence of the extracellular matrix (ECM)-like structure. To improve the functional recovery, we aimed to develop a natural biodegradable multichanneled scaffold characterized with aligned electrospun nanofibers and neurotrophic gradient (MC/AN/NG) to guide axon outgrowth. The gelatin-based conduits mimicked the fascicular architecture of natural nerve ECM. The multichanneled (MC) scaffolds, cross-linked with microbial transglutaminase, possessed sustainable mechanical stability. Meanwhile, the release profile of dual neurotrophic factors, nerve growth factor (NGF) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), exhibited a temporal-controlled manner. In vitro, the differentiated neural stem cells effectively extended their neurites along the aligned nanofibers. Besides, in the treated group, the cell density increased in high NGF concentration regions of the gradient membrane, and the BDNF significantly promoted myelination. In a rabbit sciatic nerve transection in vivo model, the MC/AN/NG scaffold showed superior nerve recovery and less muscle atrophy comparable to autograft. By integrating multiple strategies to promote peripheral nerve regeneration, the MC/AN/NG scaffolds as nerve guidance conduits showed promising results and efficacious treatment alternatives for autologous nerve grafts.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ming-Hong Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cathay General Hospital , Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | | | - Hsi-Chin Wu
- Department of Materials Engineering, Tatung University , Taipei 10491, Taiwan
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45
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Oh SH, Kang JG, Kim TH, Namgung U, Song KS, Jeon BH, Lee JH. Enhanced peripheral nerve regeneration through asymmetrically porous nerve guide conduit with nerve growth factor gradient. J Biomed Mater Res A 2017; 106:52-64. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.36216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2017] [Revised: 08/27/2017] [Accepted: 08/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Se Heang Oh
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science; Dankook University; Cheonan 31116 Republic of Korea
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering; Dankook University; Cheonan 31116 Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Goo Kang
- Department of Advanced Materials and Chemical Engineering; Hannam University; Daejeon 34054 Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Ho Kim
- Department of Advanced Materials and Chemical Engineering; Hannam University; Daejeon 34054 Republic of Korea
| | - Uk Namgung
- Department of Oriental Medicine; Daejeon University; Daejeon 34520 Republic of Korea
| | - Kyu Sang Song
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine; Chungnam National University; Daejeon 35015 Republic of Korea
| | - Byeong Hwa Jeon
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine; Chungnam National University; Daejeon 35015 Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Ho Lee
- Department of Advanced Materials and Chemical Engineering; Hannam University; Daejeon 34054 Republic of Korea
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46
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Abstract
Injuries to the peripheral nervous system are major sources of disability and often result in painful neuropathies or the impairment of muscle movement and/or normal sensations. For gaps smaller than 10 mm in rodents, nearly normal functional recovery can be achieved; for longer gaps, however, there are challenges that have remained insurmountable. The current clinical gold standard used to bridge long, nonhealing nerve gaps, the autologous nerve graft (autograft), has several drawbacks. Despite best efforts, engineering an alternative "nerve bridge" for peripheral nerve repair remains elusive; hence, there is a compelling need to design new approaches that match or exceed the performance of autografts across critically sized nerve gaps. Here an immunomodulatory approach to stimulating nerve repair in a nerve-guidance scaffold was used to explore the regenerative effect of reparative monocyte recruitment. Early modulation of the immune environment at the injury site via fractalkine delivery resulted in a dramatic increase in regeneration as evident from histological and electrophysiological analyses. This study suggests that biasing the infiltrating inflammatory/immune cellular milieu after injury toward a proregenerative population creates a permissive environment for repair. This approach is a shift from the current modes of clinical and laboratory methods for nerve repair, which potentially opens an alternative paradigm to stimulate endogenous peripheral nerve repair.
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47
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Bioactive interpenetrating polymer networks for improving the electrode/neural-tissue interface. Electrochem commun 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.elecom.2017.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
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48
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Guangxi cobra venom-derived NGF promotes the osteogenic and therapeutic effects of porous BCP ceramic. Exp Mol Med 2017; 49:e312. [PMID: 28386125 PMCID: PMC5420796 DOI: 10.1038/emm.2016.173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2016] [Revised: 11/09/2016] [Accepted: 11/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuro-osteological interactions have an important role in the regulation of bone metabolism and regeneration. Neuropeptides combined with porous biphasic calcium phosphates (BCP) using protein adsorption may contribute to the acceleration of bone formation. In the present study, we investigated the effect of BCP combined with nerve growth factor (NGF) on the growth of osteoblasts in vitro and the combinational therapeutic effect on the repair of calvarial defects in vivo. NGF was separated and purified from Chinese cobra venom using a simplified three-step chromatography method. BCP combined with NGF exerted a potent effect on osteoblast differentiation, as evidenced by enhanced cell proliferation, increased ALP activity and the up-regulated expression of osteogenesis-related genes and proteins. Further, combinational therapy with BCP and NGF improved calvarial regeneration, which was superior to treatment with therapy alone, as observed using imageological and morphological examination and histological and immunohistochemical staining. The results confirmed the effect of neuro-osteological interactions through combinatorial treatment with NGF and BCP to promote osteogenesis and bone formation, which may provide an effective and economical strategy for clinical application.
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49
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Role of Demyelination Efficiency within Acellular Nerve Scaffolds during Nerve Regeneration across Peripheral Defects. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 2017:4606387. [PMID: 28421195 PMCID: PMC5379125 DOI: 10.1155/2017/4606387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Revised: 01/20/2017] [Accepted: 01/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Hudson's optimized chemical processing method is the most commonly used chemical method to prepare acellular nerve scaffolds for the reconstruction of large peripheral nerve defects. However, residual myelin attached to the basal laminar tube has been observed in acellular nerve scaffolds prepared using Hudson's method. Here, we describe a novel method of producing acellular nerve scaffolds that eliminates residual myelin more effectively than Hudson's method through the use of various detergent combinations of sulfobetaine-10, sulfobetaine-16, Triton X-200, sodium deoxycholate, and peracetic acid. In addition, the efficacy of this new scaffold in repairing a 1.5 cm defect in the sciatic nerve of rats was examined. The modified method produced a higher degree of demyelination than Hudson's method, resulting in a minor host immune response in vivo and providing an improved environment for nerve regeneration and, consequently, better functional recovery. A morphological study showed that the number of regenerated axons in the modified group and Hudson group did not differ. However, the autograft and modified groups were more similar in myelin sheath regeneration than the autograft and Hudson groups. These results suggest that the modified method for producing a demyelinated acellular scaffold may aid functional recovery in general after nerve defects.
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50
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Lackington WA, Ryan AJ, O'Brien FJ. Advances in Nerve Guidance Conduit-Based Therapeutics for Peripheral Nerve Repair. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2017; 3:1221-1235. [PMID: 33440511 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.6b00500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Peripheral nerve injuries have high incidence rates, limited treatment options and poor clinical outcomes, rendering a significant socioeconomic burden. For effective peripheral nerve repair, the gap or site of injury must be structurally bridged to promote correct reinnervation and functional regeneration. However, effective repair becomes progressively more difficult with larger gaps. Autologous nerve grafting remains the best clinical option for the repair of large gaps (20-80 mm) despite being associated with numerous limitations including permanent donor site morbidity, a lack of available tissue and the formation of neuromas. To meet the clinical demand of large gap repair and overcome these limitations, tissue engineering has led to the development of nerve guidance conduit-based therapeutics. This review focuses on the advances of nerve guidance conduit-based therapeutics in terms of their structural properties including biomimetic composition, permeability, architecture, and surface modifications. Associated biochemical properties, pertaining to the incorporation of cells and neurotrophic factors, are also reviewed. After reviewing the progress in the field, we conclude by presenting an outlook on their clinical translatability and the next generation of therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- William A Lackington
- Tissue Engineering Research Group (TERG), Department of Anatomy, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland.,Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research Centre (AMBER), Trinity College Dublin and Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland.,Trinity Centre for Bioengineering (TCBE), Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Alan J Ryan
- Tissue Engineering Research Group (TERG), Department of Anatomy, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland.,Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research Centre (AMBER), Trinity College Dublin and Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland.,Trinity Centre for Bioengineering (TCBE), Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Fergal J O'Brien
- Tissue Engineering Research Group (TERG), Department of Anatomy, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland.,Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research Centre (AMBER), Trinity College Dublin and Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland.,Trinity Centre for Bioengineering (TCBE), Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
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