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Miola A, Trevisan N, Salvucci M, Minerva M, Valeggia S, Manara R, Sambataro F. Network dysfunction of sadness facial expression processing and morphometry in euthymic bipolar disorder. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2024; 274:525-536. [PMID: 37498325 PMCID: PMC10995000 DOI: 10.1007/s00406-023-01649-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
Facial emotion recognition (FER), including sadness, is altered in bipolar disorder (BD). However, the relationship between this impairment and the brain structure in BD is relatively unexplored. Furthermore, its association with clinical variables and with the subtypes of BD remains to be clarified. Twenty euthymic patients with BD type I (BD-I), 28 BD type II (BD-II), and 45 healthy controls completed a FER test and a 3D-T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging. Gray matter volume (GMV) of the cortico-limbic regions implicated in emotional processing was estimated and their relationship with FER performance was investigated using network analysis. Patients with BD-I had worse total and sadness-related FER performance relative to the other groups. Total FER performance was significantly negatively associated with illness duration and positively associated with global functioning in patients with BD-I. Sadness-related FER performance was also significantly negatively associated with the number of previous manic episodes. Network analysis showed a reduced association of the GMV of the frontal-insular-occipital areas in patients with BD-I, with a greater edge strength between sadness-related FER performance and amygdala GMV relative to controls. Our results suggest that FER performance, particularly for facial sadness, may be distinctively impaired in patients with BD-I. The pattern of reduced interrelationship in the frontal-insular-occipital regions and a stronger positive relationship between facial sadness recognition and the amygdala GMV in BD may reflect altered cortical modulation of limbic structures that ultimately predisposes to emotional dysregulation. Future longitudinal studies investigating the effect of mood state on FER performance in BD are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Miola
- Department of Neuroscience (DNS), University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 5, Padua, Italy
| | - Nicolò Trevisan
- Department of Neuroscience (DNS), University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 5, Padua, Italy
| | - Margherita Salvucci
- Department of Neuroscience (DNS), University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 5, Padua, Italy
| | - Matteo Minerva
- Department of Neuroscience (DNS), University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 5, Padua, Italy
| | - Silvia Valeggia
- Department of Neuroscience (DNS), University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 5, Padua, Italy
| | - Renzo Manara
- Department of Neuroscience (DNS), University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 5, Padua, Italy
- Padova Neuroscience Center, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Fabio Sambataro
- Department of Neuroscience (DNS), University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 5, Padua, Italy.
- Padova Neuroscience Center, University of Padova, Padua, Italy.
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Wu Y, Su YA, Zhu L, Li J, Si T. Advances in functional MRI research in bipolar disorder: from the perspective of mood states. Gen Psychiatr 2024; 37:e101398. [PMID: 38292862 PMCID: PMC10826570 DOI: 10.1136/gpsych-2023-101398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Bipolar disorder is characterised by recurrent and alternating episodes of mania/hypomania and depression. Current breakthroughs in functional MRI techniques have uncovered the functional neuroanatomy of bipolar disorder. However, the pathophysiology underlying mood instability, mood switching and the development of extreme mood states is less well understood. This review presents a comprehensive overview of current evidence from functional MRI studies from the perspective of mood states. We first summarise the disrupted brain activation patterns and functional connectivity that have been reported in bipolar disorder, irrespective of the mood state. We next focus on research that solely included patients in a single mood state for a better understanding of the pathophysiology of bipolar disorder and research comparing patients with different mood states to dissect mood state-related effects. Finally, we briefly summarise current theoretical models and conclude this review by proposing potential avenues for future research. A comprehensive understanding of the pathophysiology with consideration of mood states could not only deepen our understanding of how acute mood episodes develop at a neurophysiological level but could also facilitate the identification of biological targets for personalised treatment and the development of new interventions for bipolar disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yankun Wu
- Department of Clinical Psychopharmacology, Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Beijing, China
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Beijing, China
| | - Yun-Ai Su
- Department of Clinical Psychopharmacology, Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Beijing, China
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Beijing, China
| | - Linlin Zhu
- Department of Clinical Psychopharmacology, Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Beijing, China
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Beijing, China
| | - Jitao Li
- Department of Clinical Psychopharmacology, Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Beijing, China
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Beijing, China
| | - Tianmei Si
- Department of Clinical Psychopharmacology, Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Beijing, China
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Beijing, China
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Zhu Y, Huang T, Li R, Yang Q, Zhao C, Yang M, Lin B, Li X. Distinct resting-state effective connectivity of large-scale networks in first-episode and recurrent major depression disorder: evidence from the REST-meta-MDD consortium. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1308551. [PMID: 38148946 PMCID: PMC10750394 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1308551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Previous studies have shown disrupted effective connectivity in the large-scale brain networks of individuals with major depressive disorder (MDD). However, it is unclear whether these changes differ between first-episode drug-naive MDD (FEDN-MDD) and recurrent MDD (R-MDD). Methods This study utilized resting-state fMRI data from 17 sites in the Chinese REST-meta-MDD project, consisting of 839 patients with MDD and 788 normal controls (NCs). All data was preprocessed using a standardized protocol. Then, we performed a granger causality analysis to calculate the effectivity connectivity (EC) within and between brain networks for each participant, and compared the differences between the groups. Results Our findings revealed that R-MDD exhibited increased EC in the fronto-parietal network (FPN) and decreased EC in the cerebellum network, while FEDN-MDD demonstrated increased EC from the sensorimotor network (SMN) to the FPN compared with the NCs. Importantly, the two MDD subgroups displayed significant differences in EC within the FPN and between the SMN and visual network. Moreover, the EC from the cingulo-opercular network to the SMN showed a significant negative correlation with the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAMD) score in the FEDN-MDD group. Conclusion These findings suggest that first-episode and recurrent MDD have distinct effects on the effective connectivity in large-scale brain networks, which could be potential neural mechanisms underlying their different clinical manifestations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Zhu
- School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tianming Huang
- Department of General Psychiatry, Shanghai Changning Mental Health Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruolin Li
- Department of Radiology, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Qianrong Yang
- Department of General Psychiatry, Shanghai Changning Mental Health Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Chaoyue Zhao
- School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ming Yang
- School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bin Lin
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | | | - Xuzhou Li
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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Lin S, Zhang C, Zhang Y, Chen S, Lin X, Peng B, Xu Z, Hou G, Qiu Y. Shared and specific neurobiology in bipolar disorder and unipolar disorder: Evidence based on the connectome gradient and a transcriptome-connectome association study. J Affect Disord 2023; 341:304-312. [PMID: 37661059 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.08.139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Distinguishing bipolar disorder (BD) and unipolar disorder (UD) remains challenging. To identify the common and diagnosis-specific neuropathological alterations and their potential molecular mechanisms in patients with UD and BD (with a current depressive episode). METHODS Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging was obtained from 279 participants (95 BD patients, 107 UD patients and 77 health controls). Connectome gradients analysis was performed to explore the shared and diagnosis-specific gradient alterations in BD and UD. The Allen Human Brain Atlas data was used to explore the potential gene mechanisms of the gradient alterations. RESULTS BD and UD had shared hierarchical disorganisation, including downgrading and contraction from the unimodal sensory networks (vision and sensorimotor) to the transmodal cognitive networks (limbic, frontoparietal, dorsal attention, and default) (all P < 0.05, FDR corrected) in gradient 1 and gradient 2. The BD patients had specific connectome gradient dysfunction in the subcortical network. Moreover, the hierarchical disorganisation was closely correlated with profiles of gene expression specific to the neuroglial cells in the prefrontal cortex in BD and UD, while the most correlated gene ontology biological processes and function were concentrated in synaptic signalling, calcium ion binding, and transmembrane transporter activity. CONCLUSION These findings reveal the shared and diagnosis-specific neurobiological mechanism underlying BD and UD patients, which advances our understanding of the neuromechanisms of these disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiwei Lin
- Department of Radiology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Union Shenzhen Hospital, Taoyuan Ave 89, Nanshan district, Shenzhen 518000, PR China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingli Zhang
- Department of Depressive Disorder, Shenzhen Kangning Hospital, Shenzhen Mental Health Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518020, People's Republic of China
| | - Shengli Chen
- Department of Radiology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Union Shenzhen Hospital, Taoyuan Ave 89, Nanshan district, Shenzhen 518000, PR China
| | - Xiaoshan Lin
- Department of Radiology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Union Shenzhen Hospital, Taoyuan Ave 89, Nanshan district, Shenzhen 518000, PR China
| | - Bo Peng
- Department of Depressive Disorder, Shenzhen Kangning Hospital, Shenzhen Mental Health Center, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518020, People's Republic of China
| | - Ziyun Xu
- Department of Radiology, Shenzhen Kangning Hospital, Shenzhen Mental Health Center, Cuizhu AVE 1080, Luohu district, Shenzhen 518020, China
| | - Gangqiang Hou
- Department of Radiology, Shenzhen Kangning Hospital, Shenzhen Mental Health Center, Cuizhu AVE 1080, Luohu district, Shenzhen 518020, China.
| | - Yingwei Qiu
- Department of Radiology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Union Shenzhen Hospital, Taoyuan Ave 89, Nanshan district, Shenzhen 518000, PR China.
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Reisch AA, Bessette KL, Jenkins LM, Skerrett KA, Gabriel LB, Kling LR, Stange JP, Ryan KA, Schreiner MW, Crowell SE, Kaufman EA, Langenecker SA. Human emotion processing accuracy, negative biases, and fMRI activation are associated with childhood trauma. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1181785. [PMID: 37908596 PMCID: PMC10614639 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1181785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Emerging literature suggests that childhood trauma may influence facial emotion perception (FEP), with the potential to negatively bias both emotion perception and reactions to emotion-related inputs. Negative emotion perception biases are associated with a range of psychiatric and behavioral problems, potentially due or as a result of difficult social interactions. Unfortunately, there is a poor understanding of whether observed negative biases are related to childhood trauma history, depression history, or processes common to (and potentially causative of) both experiences. Methods The present cross-sectional study examines the relation between FEP and neural activation during FEP with retrospectively reported childhood trauma in young adult participants with remitted major depressive disorder (rMDD, n = 41) and without psychiatric histories (healthy controls [HC], n = 34). Accuracy of emotion categorization and negative bias errors during FEP and brain activation were each measured during exposure to fearful, angry, happy, sad, and neutral faces. We examined participant behavioral and neural responses in relation to total reported severity of childhood abuse and neglect (assessed with the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire, CTQ). Results Results corrected for multiple comparisons indicate that higher trauma scores were associated with greater likelihood of miscategorizing happy faces as angry. Activation in the right middle frontal gyrus (MFG) positively correlated with trauma scores when participants viewed faces that they correctly categorized as angry, fearful, sad, and happy. Discussion Identifying the neural mechanisms by which childhood trauma and MDD may change facial emotion perception could inform targeted prevention efforts for MDD or related interpersonal difficulties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis A. Reisch
- Cognitive Neuroscience Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Katie L. Bessette
- Cognitive Neuroscience Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
- Department of Psychiatry and Huntsman Mental Health Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
- Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Lisanne M. Jenkins
- Cognitive Neuroscience Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Kristy A. Skerrett
- Cognitive Neuroscience Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Laura B. Gabriel
- Cognitive Neuroscience Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Leah R. Kling
- Cognitive Neuroscience Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Jonathan P. Stange
- Departments of Psychology and Psychiatry and the Behavioral Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Kelly A. Ryan
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Mindy Westlund Schreiner
- Department of Psychiatry and Huntsman Mental Health Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
| | - Sheila E. Crowell
- Department of Psychiatry and Huntsman Mental Health Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
- Department of Psychology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
| | - Erin A. Kaufman
- Department of Psychiatry and Huntsman Mental Health Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
| | - Scott A. Langenecker
- Cognitive Neuroscience Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
- Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
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Fu S, Liang S, Lin C, Wu Y, Xie S, Li M, Lei Q, Li J, Yu K, Yin Y, Hua K, Li W, Wu C, Ma X, Jiang G. Aberrant brain entropy in posttraumatic stress disorder comorbid with major depressive disorder during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1143780. [PMID: 37333934 PMCID: PMC10272369 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1143780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim Previously, neuroimaging studies on comorbid Posttraumatic-Major depression disorder (PTSD-MDD) comorbidity found abnormalities in multiple brain regions among patients. Recent neuroimaging studies have revealed dynamic nature on human brain activity during resting state, and entropy as an indicator of dynamic regularity may provide a new perspective for studying abnormalities of brain function among PTSD-MDD patients. During the COVID-19 pandemic, there has been a significant increase in the number of patients with PTSD-MDD. We have decided to conduct research on resting-state brain functional activity of patients who developed PTSD-MDD during this period using entropy. Methods Thirty three patients with PTSD-MDD and 36 matched TCs were recruited. PTSD and depression symptoms were assessed using multiple clinical scales. All subjects underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scans. And the brain entropy (BEN) maps were calculated using the BEN mapping toolbox. A two-sample t-test was used to compare the differences in the brain entropy between the PTSD-MDD comorbidity group and TC group. Furthermore, correlation analysis was conducted between the BEN changes in patients with PTSD-MDD and clinical scales. Results Compared to the TCs, PTSD-MDD patients had a reduced BEN in the right middle frontal orbital gyrus (R_MFOG), left putamen, and right inferior frontal gyrus, opercular part (R_IFOG). Furthermore, a higher BEN in the R_MFOG was related to higher CAPS and HAMD-24 scores in the patients with PTSD-MDD. Conclusion The results showed that the R_MFOG is a potential marker for showing the symptom severity of PTSD-MDD comorbidity. Consequently, PTSD-MDD may have reduced BEN in frontal and basal ganglia regions which are related to emotional dysregulation and cognitive deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shishun Fu
- The Department of Medical Imaging Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sipei Liang
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chulan Lin
- The Department of Medical Imaging Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yunfan Wu
- The Department of Medical Imaging Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuangcong Xie
- The Department of Medical Imaging Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Meng Li
- The Department of Medical Imaging Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiang Lei
- The Department of Medical Imaging Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianneng Li
- The Department of Medical Imaging Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kanghui Yu
- The Department of Medical Imaging Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi Yin
- The Department of Medical Imaging Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kelei Hua
- The Department of Medical Imaging Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wuming Li
- The Department of Medical Imaging Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Caojun Wu
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaofen Ma
- The Department of Nuclear Medicine, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guihua Jiang
- The Department of Medical Imaging Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
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Moebus L, Quirin M, Ehrlenspiel F. Cerebral Asymmetry in Bipolar Disorders: A Scoping Review. Biol Psychol 2023; 179:108551. [PMID: 37059217 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2023.108551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
Current brain stimulation protocols for patients with bipolar disorders propose brain stimulation according to a model of opposing cerebral dominance in mania and bipolar depression by stimulating the right or left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex during manic or depressive episodes, respectively. However, there is very little observational, rather than interventional, research on such opposing cerebral dominance. In fact, this is the first scoping review that summarizes resting-state and task- related functional cerebral asymmetries measured with brain imaging techniques in manic and depressive symptoms or episodes in patients with formal bipolar disorder diagnoses. In a three-step search process MEDLINE, Scopus, APA PsycInfo, Web of Science Core Collection, and BIOSIS Previews databases as well as reference lists of eligible studies were searched. Data from these studies were extracted with a charting table. Ten resting-state EEG and task-related fMRI studies met inclusion criteria. In line with brain stimulation protocols, mania relates to cerebral dominance in regions of the left frontal lobe, such as the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and dorsal anterior cingulate cortex. Bipolar depression relates to cerebral dominance in regions of the right frontal and temporal lobe, such as the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, orbitofrontal cortex and temporal pole. More observational research on cerebral asymmetries in mania and bipolar depression can advance brain stimulation protocols and potentially inform standard treatment protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Moebus
- Department of Sport and Health Sciences, Technical University of Munich, 80992 Munich, Germany.
| | - Markus Quirin
- Department of Sport and Health Sciences, Technical University of Munich, 80992 Munich, Germany; Department of Psychology, PFH Private University of Applied Sciences, 37073 Göttingen, Germany.
| | - Felix Ehrlenspiel
- Department of Sport and Health Sciences, Technical University of Munich, 80992 Munich, Germany.
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Zhang L, Li Q, Du Y, Gao Y, Bai T, Ji GJ, Tian Y, Wang K. Effect of high-definition transcranial direct current stimulation on improving depression and modulating functional activity in emotion-related cortical-subcortical regions in bipolar depression. J Affect Disord 2023; 323:570-580. [PMID: 36503046 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Preliminary studies have suggested that transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is effective for bipolar depression, However, brain correlates of the depression alleviating are unclear. To determine the efficacy and safety of tDCS as an add-on treatment for patients with bipolar depression and further to identify the effect of tDCS on the resting-state brain activities, we recruited fifty patients with bipolar depression to complete the double-blind, sham-controlled and randomized clinical trial. Fourteen sessions of tDCS were performed once a day for 14 days. The anode was placed over F3 with return electrodes placed at FP1, FZ, C3 and F7. Regional homogeneity (ReHo) was examined on 50 patients with bipolar depression before and after 14-day active or sham tDCS. Patients in the active group showed significantly superior alleviating the depression symptoms compared with those receiving sham. The active group after 14-day active tDCS showed increased ReHo values in the orbitofrontal cortex and middle frontal gyrus and decreased ReHo values in subcortical structures including hippocampus, parahippocampa gyrus, amygdala, putamen and lentiform nucleus. The reduction of depression severity showed positive correlation of increased ReHo values in the orbitofrontal cortex and middle frontal gyrus and negative correlation of altered ReHo values in the putamen and lentiform. TDCS was an effective and safe add-on intervention for this small bipolar depression sample. The reduction of depression induced by tDCS is associated with a modulation of neural synchronization in the cortical and subcortical structures (ReHo values) within an emotion-related brain network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- Affiliated Psychological Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, China; Anhui Mental Health Center, Hefei, Anhui Province, China; Brain Disorders and Neuromodulation Research Centre, Anhui Mental Health Center, Hefei, Anhui Province, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Cognition and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Hefei 230022, China
| | - Qun Li
- Affiliated Psychological Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, China; Anhui Mental Health Center, Hefei, Anhui Province, China; Brain Disorders and Neuromodulation Research Centre, Anhui Mental Health Center, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Yuan Du
- Affiliated Psychological Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, China; Anhui Mental Health Center, Hefei, Anhui Province, China; Brain Disorders and Neuromodulation Research Centre, Anhui Mental Health Center, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Yue Gao
- Affiliated Psychological Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, China; Anhui Mental Health Center, Hefei, Anhui Province, China; Brain Disorders and Neuromodulation Research Centre, Anhui Mental Health Center, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Tongjian Bai
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Cognition and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Hefei 230022, China; Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Neuropsychiatric Disorders and Mental Health, Hefei 230022, China
| | - Gong-Jun Ji
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Cognition and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Hefei 230022, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Neuropsychiatric Disorders and Mental Health, Hefei 230022, China; Department of Medical Psychology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China
| | - Yanghua Tian
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Cognition and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Hefei 230022, China; Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Neuropsychiatric Disorders and Mental Health, Hefei 230022, China; Department of Neurology, First Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 218 Jixi Road, Hefei, Anhui Province, China.
| | - Kai Wang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Cognition and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Hefei 230022, China; Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Neuropsychiatric Disorders and Mental Health, Hefei 230022, China; Department of Medical Psychology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China; Department of Neurology, First Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 218 Jixi Road, Hefei, Anhui Province, China.
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Gao X, Huang W, Liu Y, Zhang Y, Zhang J, Li C, Chelangat Bore J, Wang Z, Si Y, Tian Y, Li P. A novel robust Student’s t-based Granger causality for EEG based brain network analysis. Biomed Signal Process Control 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bspc.2022.104321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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10
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Burstein D, Hoffman G, Mathur D, Venkatesh S, Therrien K, Fanous AH, Bigdeli TB, Harvey PD, Roussos P, Voloudakis G. Detecting and Adjusting for Hidden Biases due to Phenotype Misclassification in Genome-Wide Association Studies. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2023:2023.01.17.23284670. [PMID: 36711948 PMCID: PMC9882426 DOI: 10.1101/2023.01.17.23284670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
With the advent of healthcare-based genotyped biobanks, genome-wide association studies (GWAS) leverage larger sample sizes, incorporate patients with diverse ancestries and introduce noisier phenotypic definitions. Yet the extent and impact of phenotypic misclassification on large-scale datasets is not currently well understood due to a lack of statistical methods to estimate relevant parameters from empirical data. Here, we develop a statistical method and scalable software, PheMED, Phenotypic Measurement of Effective Dilution, to quantify phenotypic misclassification across GWAS using only summary statistics. We illustrate how the parameters estimated by PheMED relate to the negative and positive predictive value of the labeled phenotype, compared to ground truth, and how misclassification of the phenotype yields diluted effect-sizes of variant-phenotype associations. Furthermore, we apply our methodology to detect multiple instances of statistically significant dilution in real-world data. We demonstrate how effective dilution biases downstream GWAS replication and heritability analyses despite utilizing current best practices, and provide a dilution-aware meta-analysis approach that outperforms existing methods. Consequently, we anticipate that PheMED will be a valuable tool for researchers to address phenotypic data quality issues both within and across cohorts.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Burstein
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Center for Disease Neurogenomics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY USA
- Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Science, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center (VISN 2 South), James J. Peters VA Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Gabriel Hoffman
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Center for Disease Neurogenomics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Science, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Deepika Mathur
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Center for Disease Neurogenomics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY USA
- Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Science, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sanan Venkatesh
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Center for Disease Neurogenomics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY USA
- Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Science, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center (VISN 2 South), James J. Peters VA Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Karen Therrien
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Center for Disease Neurogenomics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY USA
- Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Science, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center (VISN 2 South), James J. Peters VA Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Ayman H Fanous
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix, Phoenix
- Carl T. Hayden Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Phoenix, Arizona
| | - Tim B Bigdeli
- VA New York Harbor Healthcare System, Brooklyn
- Institute for Genomics in Health, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, New York
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, New York
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, New York
| | - Philip D Harvey
- Bruce W. Carter Miami Veterans Affairs (VA) Medical Center, Miami, Florida
- University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Panos Roussos
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Center for Disease Neurogenomics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY USA
- Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Science, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center (VISN 2 South), James J. Peters VA Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA
- Center for Dementia Research, Nathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY, USA
| | - Georgios Voloudakis
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Center for Disease Neurogenomics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY USA
- Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Science, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center (VISN 2 South), James J. Peters VA Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA
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11
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Sancaktar M, Kocamer Şahin Ş, Demir B, Elboğa U, Elboğa G, Altındağ A. Is abnormal metabolism in the olfactory bulb and amygdala associated with bipolar disorder? J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2023; 130:145-152. [PMID: 36680695 PMCID: PMC9862245 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-023-02587-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Accumulated evidence has demonstrated abnormal amygdala activation in bipolar disorder (BD). The olfactory bulb (OB) has vigorous connections with the amygdala. Although odor-related functions of the OB decreased during the evolutionary process, we hypothesized that an evolved OB with increased activation in emotion regulation may be one of the main factors affecting amygdala functions in BD. Our aim was to investigate metabolism in the OB and amygdala in patients with BD. Twenty-six patients diagnosed with BD according to DSM-5 diagnostic criteria were included in this cross-sectional study. Metabolism in the OB and amygdala was assessed using fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/CT in patients with BD. The OB and amygdala metabolism was compared with the patients' Z scores. Both OB and amygdala metabolic activities were significantly higher than in the controls. A positive correlation was detected between right/left amygdala metabolism and right OB metabolism (p < 0.05, r:467 and r:662, respectively). This study increased our understanding of the etiopathogenesis of BD. In BD, the main cause of hypermetabolism in the amygdala may be increased metabolism in the OB. During evolution, the OB may have assumed a dominant role in emotional processing rather than olfactory functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammet Sancaktar
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep, Turkey
| | - Şengül Kocamer Şahin
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep, Turkey
- Department of Psychiatry Osmangazi Neighbourhood, Gaziantep University, University Avenue- 27310 Şehitkamil, Gaziantep, Turkey
| | - Bahadır Demir
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep, Turkey
| | - Umut Elboğa
- Department of NuclearMedıcıne, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep, Turkey
| | - Gülçin Elboğa
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep, Turkey
| | - Abdurrahman Altındağ
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep, Turkey
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12
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Kustubayeva A, Eliassen J, Matthews G, Nelson E. FMRI study of implicit emotional face processing in patients with MDD with melancholic subtype. Front Hum Neurosci 2023; 17:1029789. [PMID: 36923587 PMCID: PMC10009191 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2023.1029789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The accurate perception of facial expressions plays a vital role in daily life, allowing us to select appropriate responses in social situations. Understanding the neuronal basis of altered emotional face processing in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) may lead to the appropriate choice of individual interventions to help patients maintain social functioning during depressive episodes. Inconsistencies in neuroimaging studies of emotional face processing are caused by heterogeneity in neurovegetative symptoms of depressive subtypes. The aim of this study was to investigate brain activation differences during implicit perception of faces with negative and positive emotions between healthy participants and patients with melancholic subtype of MDD. The neurobiological correlates of sex differences of MDD patients were also examined. Methods Thirty patients diagnosed with MDD and 21 healthy volunteers were studied using fMRI while performing an emotional face perception task. Results Comparing general face activation irrespective of emotional content, the intensity of BOLD signal was significantly decreased in the left thalamus, right supramarginal gyrus, right and left superior frontal gyrus, right middle frontal gyrus, and left fusiform gyrus in patients with melancholic depression compared to healthy participants. We observed only limited mood-congruence in response to faces of differing emotional valence. Brain activation in the middle temporal gyrus was significantly increased in response to fearful faces in comparison to happy faces in MDD patients. Elevated activation was observed in the right cingulate for happy and fearful faces, in precuneus for happy faces, and left posterior cingulate cortex for all faces in depressed women compared to men. The Inventory for Depressive Symptomatology (IDS) score was inversely correlated with activation in the left subgenual gyrus/left rectal gyrus for sad, neutral, and fearful faces in women in the MDD group. Patients with melancholic features performed similarly to controls during implicit emotional processing but showed reduced activation. Discussion and conclusion This finding suggests that melancholic patients compensate for reduced brain activation when interpreting emotional content in order to perform similarly to controls. Overall, frontal hypoactivation in response to implicit emotional stimuli appeared to be the most robust feature of melancholic depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Almira Kustubayeva
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati, College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States.,Center for Cognitive Neuroscience, Department of Biophysics, Biomedicine, and Neuroscience, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan.,National Centre for Neurosurgery, Astana, Kazakhstan
| | - James Eliassen
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati, College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States.,Robert Bosch Automotive Steering, Florence, KY, United States
| | - Gerald Matthews
- Department of Psychology, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, United States
| | - Erik Nelson
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati, College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States
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13
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Maternal symptoms of depression and anxiety during the postpartum period moderate infants' neural response to emotional faces of their mother and of female strangers. COGNITIVE, AFFECTIVE & BEHAVIORAL NEUROSCIENCE 2022; 22:1370-1389. [PMID: 35799031 DOI: 10.3758/s13415-022-01022-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Affective exchanges between mothers and infants are key to the intergenerational transmission of depression and anxiety, possibly via adaptations in neural systems that support infants' attention to facial affect. The current study examined associations between postnatal maternal symptoms of depression, panic and social anxiety, maternal parenting behaviours, and infants' neural responses to emotional facial expressions portrayed by their mother and by female strangers. The Negative Central (Nc), an event-related potential component that indexes attention to salient stimuli and is sensitive to emotional expression, was recorded from 30 infants. Maternal sensitivity, intrusiveness, and warmth, as well as infant's positive engagement with their mothers, were coded from unstructured interactions. Mothers reporting higher levels of postnatal depression symptoms were rated by coders as less sensitive and warm, and their infants exhibited decreased positive engagement with the mothers. In contrast, postnatal maternal symptoms of panic and social anxiety were not significantly associated with experimenter-rated parenting behaviours. Additionally, infants of mothers reporting greater postnatal depression symptoms showed a smaller Nc to their own mother's facial expressions, whereas infants of mothers endorsing greater postnatal symptoms of panic demonstrated a larger Nc to fearful facial expressions posed by both their mother and female strangers. Together, these results suggest that maternal symptoms of depression and anxiety during the postpartum period have distinct effects on infants' neural responses to parent and stranger displays of emotion.
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14
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Positive moods are all alike? Differential affect amplification effects of 'elated' versus 'calm' mental imagery in young adults reporting hypomanic-like experiences. Transl Psychiatry 2022; 12:453. [PMID: 36261422 PMCID: PMC9581908 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-022-02213-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Positive mood amplification is a hallmark of the bipolar disorder spectrum (BPDS). We need better understanding of cognitive mechanisms contributing to such elevated mood. Generation of vivid, emotionally compelling mental imagery is proposed to act as an 'emotional amplifier' in BPDS. We used a positive mental imagery generation paradigm to manipulate affect in a subclinical BPDS-relevant sample reporting high (n = 31) vs. low (n = 30) hypomanic-like experiences on the Mood Disorder Questionnaire (MDQ). Participants were randomized to an 'elated' or 'calm' mental imagery condition, rating their momentary affect four times across the experimental session. We hypothesized greater affect increase in the high (vs. low) MDQ group assigned to the elated (vs. calm) imagery generation condition. We further hypothesized that affect increase in the high MDQ group would be particularly apparent in the types of affect typically associated with (hypo)mania, i.e., suggestive of high activity levels. Mixed model and time-series analysis showed that for the high MDQ group, affect increased steeply and in a sustained manner over time in the 'elated' imagery condition, and more shallowly in 'calm'. The low-MDQ group did not show this amplification effect. Analysis of affect clusters showed high-MDQ mood amplification in the 'elated' imagery condition was most pronounced for active affective states. This experimental model of BPDS-relevant mood amplification shows evidence that positive mental imagery drives changes in affect in the high MDQ group in a targeted manner. Findings inform cognitive mechanisms of mood amplification, and spotlight prevention strategies targeting elated imagery, while potentially retaining calm imagery to preserve adaptive positive emotionality.
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15
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Chat IKY, Dunning EE, Bart CP, Carroll AL, Grehl MM, Damme KS, Abramson LY, Nusslock R, Alloy LB. The Interplay between Reward-Relevant Life Events and Trait Reward Sensitivity in Neural Responses to Reward Cues. Clin Psychol Sci 2022; 10:869-884. [PMID: 36381350 PMCID: PMC9662616 DOI: 10.1177/21677026211056627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
The reward hypersensitivity model posits that trait reward hypersensitivity should elicit hyper/hypo approach motivation following exposure to recent life events that activate (goal-striving and goal-attainment) or deactivate (goal-failure) the reward system, respectively. To test these hypotheses, eighty-seven young adults with high (HRew) versus moderate (MRew) trait reward sensitivity reported frequency of life events via the Life Event Interview. Brain activation was assessed during the fMRI Monetary Incentive Delay task. Greater exposure to goal-striving events was associated with higher nucleus accumbens (NAc) reward anticipation among HRew participants and lower orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) reward anticipation among MRew participants. Greater exposure to goal-failure events was associated with higher NAc and OFC reward anticipation only among HRew participants. This study demonstrated different neural reward anticipation (but not outcome) following reward-relevant events for HRew versus MRew individuals. Trait reward sensitivity and reward-relevant life events may jointly modulate reward-related brain function, with implications for understanding psychopathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iris Ka-Yi Chat
- Department of Psychology, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Erin E. Dunning
- Department of Psychology, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Corinne P. Bart
- Department of Psychology, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Ann L. Carroll
- Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois
| | - Mora M. Grehl
- Department of Psychology, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | | | | | - Robin Nusslock
- Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois
| | - Lauren B. Alloy
- Department of Psychology, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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16
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Bottemanne H, Barberousse A, Fossati P. [Multidimensional and computational theory of mood]. Encephale 2022; 48:682-699. [PMID: 35987716 DOI: 10.1016/j.encep.2022.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
What is mood? Despite its crucial place in psychiatric nosography and cognitive science, it is still difficult to delimit its conceptual ground. The distinction between emotion and mood is ambiguous: mood is often presented as an affective state that is more prolonged and less intense than emotion, or as an affective polarity distinguishing high and low mood swinging around a baseline. However, these definitions do not match the clinical reality of mood disorders such as unipolar depression and bipolar disorder, and do not allow us to understand the effect of mood on behaviour, perception and cognition. In this paper, we propose a multidimensional and computational theory of mood inspired by contemporary hypotheses in theoretical neuroscience and philosophy of emotion. After suggesting an operational distinction between emotion and mood, we show how a succession of emotions can cumulatively generate congruent mood over time, making mood an emerging state from emotion. We then present how mood determines mental and behavioral states when interacting with the environment, constituting a dispositional state of emotion, perception, belief, and action. Using this theoretical framework, we propose a computational representation of the emerging and dispositional dimensions of mood by formalizing mood as a layer of third-order Bayesian beliefs encoding the precision of emotion, and regulated by prediction errors associated with interoceptive predictions. Finally, we show how this theoretical framework sheds light on the processes involved in mood disorders, the emergence of mood congruent beliefs, or the mechanisms of antidepressant treatments in clinical psychiatry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugo Bottemanne
- Paris Brain Institute - Institut du Cerveau (ICM), Sorbonne University/CNRS/Inserm, Paris, France; Department of philosophy, Sciences Normes Démocratie research unit, Sorbonne university/CNRS, Paris, France; Department of psychiatry, DMU Neuroscience, Pitié-Salpêtrière hospital, Sorbonne university/Assistance publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France.
| | - Anouk Barberousse
- Department of philosophy, Sciences Normes Démocratie research unit, Sorbonne university/CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Philippe Fossati
- Paris Brain Institute - Institut du Cerveau (ICM), Sorbonne University/CNRS/Inserm, Paris, France; Department of psychiatry, DMU Neuroscience, Pitié-Salpêtrière hospital, Sorbonne university/Assistance publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France
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17
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Wenzel M, Althen H, Veeh J, Reif A. Euthymic patients with predominantly manic polarity avoid happy faces in a dot probe task. Int J Bipolar Disord 2022; 10:16. [PMID: 35739323 PMCID: PMC9226225 DOI: 10.1186/s40345-022-00262-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Some studies suggest a mood-congruent attentional bias in bipolar patients. However, for euthymic patients, especially in dependence on the predominant polarity, there is little and inconsistent data. A clearer understanding of emotion-related attentional biases and their relationship to dysfunctional emotion regulation could help improving the diagnostics and treatment of bipolar disorder (BD). Twenty bipolar patients in a depressive state (BP-acute-D), 32 euthymic patients with manic (BP-euth-M) or depressive (BP-euth-D) predominant polarity, and 20 healthy control participants (HC) performed a dot-probe task (DPT) with happy and sad faces presented for 250 ms or 1250 ms in two different runs. Emotion regulation strategies were assessed with two questionnaires. Results In the short presentation condition of the DPT, BP-euth-M showed less attention for happy faces than HC (p = .03, r = − 0.48). BP-acute-D scored lower in cognitive reappraisal and putting into perspective and higher in suppression, catastrophizing, and rumination than HC. BP-euth-M scored higher in rumination and BP-euth-D lower in putting into perspective and higher in catastrophizing than HC. In BP-euth-D and HC, bias scores for sad faces in the longer presentation condition and reappraisal scores correlated positively. Conclusions Results of the DPT suggest an avoidance of happy faces for BP-euth-M which we interpret as a protection mechanism for triggers of mania. That individuals who apply more reappraisal show more selective attention to sad faces could on the one hand reflect a mental effort in reevaluating the sad emotional input and on the other hand a greater tolerance for it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Wenzel
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany. .,Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatic Medicine, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany. .,Department of Neurology, Technical University of Munich (TU), Munich, Germany.
| | - Heike Althen
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Julia Veeh
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatic Medicine, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Reif
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatic Medicine, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
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18
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Increased neural responses to negative facial emotions and their relationship with dysfunctional attitudes among unmedicated individuals with major depressive disorder. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-022-03144-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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19
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Bi B, Che D, Bai Y. Neural network of bipolar disorder: Toward integration of neuroimaging and neurocircuit-based treatment strategies. Transl Psychiatry 2022; 12:143. [PMID: 35383150 PMCID: PMC8983759 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-022-01917-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Bipolar disorder (BD) is a complex psychiatric disorder characterized by dysfunctions in three domains including emotional processing, cognitive processing, and psychomotor dimensions. However, the neural underpinnings underlying these clinical profiles are not well understood. Based on the reported data, we hypothesized that (i) the core neuropathology in BD is damage in fronto-limbic network, which is associated with emotional dysfunction; (ii) changes in intrinsic brain network, such as sensorimotor network, salience network, default-mode network, central executive network are associated with impaired cognition function; and (iii) beyond the dopaminergic-driven basal ganglia-thalamo-cortical motor circuit modulated by other neurotransmitter systems, such as serotonin (subcortical-cortical modulation), the sensorimotor network and related motor function modulated by other non-motor networks such as the default-mode network are involved in psychomotor function. In this review, we propose a neurocircuit-based clinical characteristics and taxonomy to guide the treatment of BD. We draw on findings from neuropsychological and neuroimaging studies in BD and link variations in these clinical profiles to underlying neurocircuit dysfunctions. We consider pharmacological, psychotherapy, and neuromodulatory treatments that could target those specific neurocircuit dysfunctions in BD. Finally, it is suggested that the methods of testing the neurocircuit-based taxonomy and important limitations to this approach should be considered in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Bi
- Department of Clinical Psychology, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Dongfang Che
- grid.452787.b0000 0004 1806 5224Neurosurgery department, Shenzhen Children’s Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yuyin Bai
- grid.12981.330000 0001 2360 039XDepartment of Clinical Psychology, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China
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20
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Naicker M, Naidoo S. Cellular and molecular distribution of thyroid-specific proteins, thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor (TSH-R) and thyroglobulin (TG) in the central nervous system. Neurochem Int 2022; 155:105305. [PMID: 35181395 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2022.105305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The widespread extra-thyroidal localisation of thyroid-specific proteins, thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor (TSH-R) and thyroglobulin (TG), has been well documented. However, more recent years has seen the focus of this research area shift to the distribution of these thyroid-specific proteins, in the central nervous system (CNS). This is largely attributed to the well-known associations between thyroid auto-immunity and neuro-psychiatric disorders. Although these associations have not yet been well defined, there are several studies that demonstrate the presence of TSH-R and TG proteins in CNS regions and its cellular structures. In addition, there is an emerging body of evidence to describe the potential functional roles of these thyroid proteins in various regions of the CNS. In this review, the neural distribution of TSH-R and TG as well as their possible physiological implications in various regions of human and non-human brain is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meleshni Naicker
- Department of Therapeutics and Medicine Management, Nelson, R Mandela School of Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.
| | - Strinivasen Naidoo
- Department of Therapeutics and Medicine Management, Nelson, R Mandela School of Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
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21
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Trettin M, Dvořák J, Hilke M, Wenzler S, Hagen M, Ghirmai N, Stäblein M, Matura S, Huthmacher AC, Kraft D, Balaban C, Ciaramidaro A, Prvulovic D, Knöchel C, Reif A, Oertel V. Neuronal response to high negative affective stimuli in major depressive disorder: An fMRI study. J Affect Disord 2022; 298:239-247. [PMID: 34728281 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2021.10.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Disturbed emotion processing underlies depression. We examined the neuronal underpinnings of emotional processing in patients (PAT) with major depressive disorder (MDD) compared to healthy volunteers (HV) using functional magnetic resonance (fMRI) scan. METHODS Thirty-six MDD patients and 30 HV underwent T2-weighted fMRI assessments during the presentation of an implicit affective processing task in three conditions. They differed regarding their affective quality (=valence, high negative, low negative and neutral stimuli) and regarding the arousal based on stimuli from the International Affective Picture System. RESULTS Group contrasts showed lower left-sided activation in dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), anterior PFC, precentral and premotor cortex in PAT compared with HV (Cluster-level threshold, 5000 iterations, p<0.01). We found a significant interaction effect of valence and group, a significant effect of emotional valence and a significant effect of group. All effects were shown in brain regions within the emotional network (Cluster-level threshold, 5000 iterations, p<0.01). Higher arousal (rho=-0.33, p<0.01) and higher valence (rho=-0.33, p<0.01) during high negative stimuli presentation as well as more severe depression (Beck Depression Inventory II [BDI II]; r = 0.39, p = 0.01) were significantly negatively associated with left DLFPC activity in patients. LIMITATIONS Potential influence of psychopharmacological drugs on functional activation is one of the most discussed source of bias in studies with medicated psychiatric patients. CONCLUSIONS The results highlight the importance of left DLPFC during the processing of negative emotional stimuli in MDD. The integration of a neurophysiological model of emotional processing in MDD may help to clarify and improve therapeutic options.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Trettin
- Dept. of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Goethe Univ., Frankfurt/Main, Germany.
| | - J Dvořák
- Dept. of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Goethe Univ., Frankfurt/Main, Germany; Brain Imaging Centre, Goethe Univ., Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - M Hilke
- Dept. of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Goethe Univ., Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - S Wenzler
- Dept. of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Goethe Univ., Frankfurt/Main, Germany; Brain Imaging Centre, Goethe Univ., Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - M Hagen
- Dept. of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Goethe Univ., Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - N Ghirmai
- Dept. of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Goethe Univ., Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - M Stäblein
- Dept. of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Goethe Univ., Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - S Matura
- Dept. of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Goethe Univ., Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - A-C Huthmacher
- Dept. of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Goethe Univ., Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - D Kraft
- Dept. of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Goethe Univ., Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - C Balaban
- Dept. of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Goethe Univ., Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - A Ciaramidaro
- University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Department of Education and Human Sciences
| | - D Prvulovic
- Dept. of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Goethe Univ., Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - C Knöchel
- Dept. of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Goethe Univ., Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - A Reif
- Dept. of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Goethe Univ., Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - V Oertel
- Dept. of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Goethe Univ., Frankfurt/Main, Germany
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22
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Revisiting Hemispheric Asymmetry in Mood Regulation: Implications for rTMS for Major Depressive Disorder. Brain Sci 2022; 12:brainsci12010112. [PMID: 35053856 PMCID: PMC8774216 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12010112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hemispheric differences in emotional processing have been observed for over half a century, leading to multiple theories classifying differing roles for the right and left hemisphere in emotional processing. Conventional acceptance of these theories has had lasting clinical implications for the treatment of mood disorders. The theory that the left hemisphere is broadly associated with positively valenced emotions, while the right hemisphere is broadly associated with negatively valenced emotions, drove the initial application of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) for the treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD). Subsequent rTMS research has led to improved response rates while adhering to the same initial paradigm of administering excitatory rTMS to the left prefrontal cortex (PFC) and inhibitory rTMS to the right PFC. However, accumulating evidence points to greater similarities in emotional regulation between the hemispheres than previously theorized, with potential implications for how rTMS for MDD may be delivered and optimized in the near future. This review will catalog the range of measurement modalities that have been used to explore and describe hemispheric differences, and highlight evidence that updates and advances knowledge of TMS targeting and parameter selection. Future directions for research are proposed that may advance precision medicine and improve efficacy of TMS for MDD.
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23
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Horáková A, Němcová H, Mohr P, Sebela A. Structural, functional, and metabolic signatures of postpartum depression: A systematic review. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:1044995. [PMID: 36465313 PMCID: PMC9709336 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.1044995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Postpartum depression (PPD) is a serious condition with debilitating consequences for the mother, offspring, and the whole family. The scope of negative outcomes of PPD highlights the need to specify effective diagnostics and treatment which might differ from major depressive disorder (MDD). In order to improve our clinical care, we need to better understand the underlying neuropathological mechanisms of PPD. Therefore, we conducted a systematic review of published neuroimaging studies assessing functional, structural, and metabolic correlates of PPD. METHODS Relevant papers were identified using a search code for English-written studies in the PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases published by March 2022. Included were studies with structural magnetic resonance imaging, functional magnetic resonance imaging, both resting-state and task-related, magnetic resonance spectroscopy, or positron emission tomography. The findings were analyzed to assess signatures in PPD-diagnosed women compared to healthy controls. The review protocol was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42022313794). RESULTS The total of 3,368 references were initially identified. After the removal of duplicates and non-applicable papers, the search yielded 74 full-text studies assessed for eligibility. Of them, 26 met the inclusion criteria and their findings were analyzed and synthesized. The results showed consistent functional, structural, and metabolic changes in the default mode network and the salient network in women with PPD. During emotion-related tasks, PPD was associated with changes in the corticolimbic system activity, especially the amygdala. DISCUSSION This review offers a comprehensive summary of neuroimaging signatures in PPD-diagnosed women. It indicates the brain regions and networks which show functional, structural, and metabolic changes. Our findings offer better understanding of the nature of PPD, which clearly copies some features of MDD, while differs in others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Horáková
- Center of Perinatal Mental Health, National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czechia.,Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | - Hana Němcová
- Center of Perinatal Mental Health, National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czechia.,Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | - Pavel Mohr
- Department of Psychiatry and Medical Psychology, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czechia.,Clinical Center, National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czechia
| | - Antonin Sebela
- Center of Perinatal Mental Health, National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czechia.,Department of Psychiatry and Medical Psychology, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
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24
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Migó M, Simpson K, Peters A, Ellard KK, Chou T, Nierenberg AA, Dougherty DD, Deckersbach T. Dimensional Affective Processing in BD. Psychiatry Res 2022; 307:114304. [PMID: 34896848 PMCID: PMC8744144 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2021.114304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Bipolar Disorder (BD) involves altered neural affective processing, but studies comparing BD patients to controls have yielded inconsistent results. This might relate to substantial variability in the nature and severity of mood symptoms among individuals with BD. Hence, we dimensionally examined the relationship between depressive and manic symptom severity and neural responses to positive and negative affective stimuli. 39 Participants with BD completed measures of depression and mania severity prior to completing a cognitive-affective processing task during fMRI. A multiple regression model was run in SPM to identify brain regions correlated with depressive and manic symptoms during positive-neutral and negative-neutral contrasts. A-priori anatomical ROIs were defined bilaterally in frontal, parietal and limbic regions. Results showed that depression severity was associated with increased activation in frontal, parietal, and limbic ROIs, regardless of valence. Mania severity was correlated with both increased and decreased activation, particularly within frontal subdivisions and during the processing of positively valenced images. In conclusion, dimensional modeling of symptom severity captures variance in neural responses to affect, which may have been previously undetected due to heterogeneity when examined at the group level. Future fMRI studies comparing BD patients and controls should account for symptom variability in BD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Migó
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital / Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Kendra Simpson
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital / Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Amy Peters
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital / Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Kristen K. Ellard
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital / Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Tina Chou
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital / Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Andrew A. Nierenberg
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital / Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Darin D. Dougherty
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital / Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Thilo Deckersbach
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital / Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts,University of Applied Sciences, Diploma Hochschule, Germany
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25
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Correlations between facial emotion processing and biochemical abnormalities in untreated adolescent patients with major depressive disorder: A proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy study. J Affect Disord 2022; 296:408-417. [PMID: 34638025 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2021.08.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies show that disturbances of the fronto-striato-thalamic-cerebellar circuit could be correlated to facial emotion processing (FEP) biases in major depressive disorder (MDD). Nevertheless, the underlying mechanism of natural metabolism-emotion relationships in adolescent MDD remains unclear. METHODS Thirty-seven adolescent patients with MDD and 30 healthy controls completed FEP tasks using the Chinese Facial Affective Picture System (CAFPS). Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) was also used to obtain ratios of N-acetylaspartate (NAA) /creatine (Cr) and choline (Cho) /Cr ratios in the prefrontal cortex (PFC), anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), putamen, thalamus and cerebellum. Correlations between abnormal neurometabolic ratios and FEP were also computed. RESULTS Compared with the control group, the MDD group had significantly lower accuracy and perception intensity of happiness, and significantly higher accuracy of disgust and perception intensity of sad and fearful faces in FEP tasks. Compared to healthy controls, adolescent patients with MDD showed significantly lower NAA/Cr ratios in the left PFC, higher NAA/Cr ratios in the right thalamus, and higher Cho/Cr ratios in the right putamen, although there were no significant differences in metabolites in the ACC and cerebellum between two groups. In the MDD group, NAA/Cr ratios of the right thalamus were negatively correlated with happy reaction time and positively correlated with sad, anger, and fear intensity; Cho/Cr ratios in the right putamen were positively correlated with fear reaction time. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that FEP bias may exist in adolescents with MDD, while the impairment of FEP may be associated with abnormal metabolites in the fronto-striato-thalamic circuit.
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26
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Zhang Z, Bo Q, Li F, Zhao L, Wang Y, Liu R, Chen X, Wang C, Zhou Y. Increased ALFF and functional connectivity of the right striatum in bipolar disorder patients. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2021; 111:110140. [PMID: 33068681 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2020.110140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 09/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bipolar disorder (BD) is a serious neuropsychiatric disorder characterized by alternating periods of mania, depression, and euthymia. Abnormal spontaneous brain activity within the cortical-striatal neural circuits has been observed in patients with BD. However, whether the abnormality appears in patients with BD while not in a manic mood state is unclear. METHODS This study collected resting-state fMRI data from 65 patients with BD who were not in a manic mood state and 85 matched healthy controls. First, we examined differences in amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (ALFF) between the patients with BD and the healthy controls to identify regions that show abnormal local spontaneous activity in the patients. Based on the ALFF results, we conducted seed-based resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) analysis to identify the changes in brain networks that are centered on the regions showing abnormal local spontaneous activity in the patients. Finally, we repeated these analyses in a sub-sample comprising euthymic BD patients (N = 37) and between the euthymic BD patients and all the other patients who had at least mild depressive symptoms. RESULTS BD patients exhibited increased ALFF in the right caudate/putamen and increased rsFC in the right caudate/putamen with the right inferior parietal lobe (cluster-level FWE p < 0.05). Further analyses showed that the euthymic BD patients showed similar abnormalities in ALFF and rsFC maps as found in all patients with BD. And the euthymic BD patients were comparable with all the other patients who had at least mild depressive symptoms in ALFF values. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicated the important role of the right striatum in the baseline brain function of BD patients and suggested that the abnormality of spontaneous brain activity in the cortical-striatal neural circuits may be a trait-like variant in patients with BD. The results deepen our understanding of the neurobiological mechanisms associated with BD etiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhifang Zhang
- The National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital & the Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Qijing Bo
- The National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital & the Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Li
- The National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital & the Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Zhao
- The National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital & the Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yun Wang
- The National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital & the Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Liu
- The National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital & the Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiongying Chen
- The National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital & the Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Chuanyue Wang
- The National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital & the Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Zhou
- The National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital & the Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology & Magnetic Resonance Imaging Research Center, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101,China; Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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27
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Steele JS, Bertocci M, Eckstrand K, Chase HW, Stiffler R, Aslam H, Lockovich J, Bebko G, Phillips ML. A specific neural substrate predicting current and future impulsivity in young adults. Mol Psychiatry 2021; 26:4919-4930. [PMID: 33495543 PMCID: PMC8589683 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-021-01017-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Impulsivity (rash action with deleterious outcomes) is common to many psychiatric disorders. While some studies indicate altered amygdala and prefrontal cortical (PFC) activity associated with impulsivity, it remains unclear whether these patterns of neural activity are specific to impulsivity or common to a range of affective and anxiety symptoms. To elucidate neural markers specific to impulsivity, we aimed to differentiate patterns of amygdala-PFC activity and functional connectivity associated with impulsivity from those associated with affective and anxiety symptoms, and identify measures of this circuitry predicting future worsening of impulsivity. Using a face emotion processing task that reliably activates amygdala-PFC circuitry, neural activity and connectivity were assessed in a transdiagnostically-recruited sample of young adults, including healthy (N = 47) and treatment-seeking individuals (N = 67). Relationships were examined between neural measures and impulsivity, anhedonia, and affective and anxiety symptoms at baseline (N = 114), and at 6 months post scan (N = 30). Impulsivity, particularly negative urgency and lack of perseverance, was related to greater amygdala activity (beta = 0.82, p = 0.003; beta = 0.68, p = 0.004; respectively) and lower amygdala-medial PFC functional connectivity (voxels = 60, tpeak = 4.45, pFWE = 0.017; voxels = 335, tpeak = 5.26, pFWE = 0.001; respectively) to facial fear. Left vlPFC, but not amygdala, activity to facial anger was inversely associated with mania/hypomania (beta = -2.08, p = 0.018). Impulsivity 6 months later was predicted by amygdala activity to facial sadness (beta = 0.50, p = 0.017). There were no other significant relationships between neural activity and 6-month anhedonia, affective, and anxiety symptoms. Our findings are the first to associate amygdala-PFC activity and functional connectivity with impulsivity in a large, transdiagnostic sample, providing neural targets for future interventions to reduce predisposition to impulsivity and related future mental health problems in young adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Scott Steele
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
- Brain Imaging Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA.
| | - Michele Bertocci
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Kristen Eckstrand
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Henry W Chase
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Richelle Stiffler
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Haris Aslam
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | | - Genna Bebko
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Mary L Phillips
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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28
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Woo Y, Kang W, Kang Y, Kim A, Han KM, Tae WS, Ham BJ. Cortical Thickness and Surface Area Abnormalities in Bipolar I and II Disorders. Psychiatry Investig 2021; 18:850-863. [PMID: 34500506 PMCID: PMC8473857 DOI: 10.30773/pi.2021.0074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Although bipolar II disorder (BD II) is not simply a mitigated form of bipolar I disorder (BD I), their neurobiological differences have not been elucidated. The present study aimed to explore cortical thickness (CT) and surface area (SA) in patients with BD I and BD II and healthy controls (HCs) to investigate the shared and unique neurobiological mechanisms of BD subtypes. METHODS We enrolled 30 and 44 patients with BD I and BD II, respectively, and 100 HCs. We evaluated CT and SA using FreeSurfer and estimated differences in CT and SA among the three groups (BD I vs. BD II vs. HC). We adjusted for age, sex, educational level, and intracranial volume as confounding factors. RESULTS We found widespread cortical thinning in the bilateral frontal, temporal, and occipital regions; cingulate gyrus; and insula in patients with BD. Alterations in SA, including increased SA of the pars triangularis and decreased SA of the insula, were noted in patients with BD. Overall, we found BD II patients demonstrated decreased SA in the right long insula compared to BD I patients. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that decreased SA in the right long insula is crucial for differentiating BD subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoonmi Woo
- Department of Psychiatry, Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Wooyoung Kang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Youbin Kang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Aram Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyu-Man Han
- Department of Psychiatry, Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo-Suk Tae
- Brain Convergence Research Center, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-Joo Ham
- Department of Psychiatry, Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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29
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Li H, Liu H, Tang Y, Yan R, Jiang X, Fan G, Sun W. Decreased Functional Connectivity of Vermis-Ventral Prefrontal Cortex in Bipolar Disorder. Front Hum Neurosci 2021; 15:711688. [PMID: 34335214 PMCID: PMC8322441 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2021.711688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: To investigate changes in functional connectivity between the vermis and cerebral regions in the resting state among subjects with bipolar disorder (BD). Methods: Thirty participants with BD and 28 healthy controls (HC) underwent the resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) of the anterior and posterior vermis was examined. For each participant, rsFC maps of the anterior and posterior vermis were computed and compared across the two groups. Results: rsFC between the whole vermis and ventral prefrontal cortex (VPFC) was significantly lower in the BD groups compared to the HC group, and rsFC between the anterior vermis and the middle cingulate cortex was likewise significantly decreased in the BD group. Limitations: 83.3% of the BD participants were taking medication at the time of the study. Our findings may in part be attributed to treatment differences because we did not examine the effects of medication on rsFC. Further, the mixed BD subtypes in our current study may have confounding effects influencing the results. Conclusions: These rsFC differences of vermis-VPFC between groups may contribute to the BD mood regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanhuan Li
- Department of Radiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Hu Liu
- Department of Radiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yanqing Tang
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Rongkai Yan
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China.,Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Xiaowei Jiang
- Department of Radiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Department of Psychiatry, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Brain Function Research Section, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Guoguang Fan
- Department of Radiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Wenge Sun
- Department of Radiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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30
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Fournier JC, Bertocci M, Ladouceur CD, Bonar L, Monk K, Abdul-Waalee H, Versace A, Santos JPL, Iyengar S, Birmaher B, Phillips ML. Neural function during emotion regulation and future depressive symptoms in youth at risk for affective disorders. Neuropsychopharmacology 2021; 46:1340-1347. [PMID: 33782511 PMCID: PMC8134479 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-021-01001-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Affective disorders (AD, including bipolar disorder, BD, and major depressive disorder) are severe recurrent illnesses. Identifying neural markers of processes underlying AD development in at-risk youth can provide objective, "early-warning" signs that may predate onset or worsening of symptoms. Using data (n = 34) from the Bipolar Offspring Study, we examined relationships between neural response in regions supporting executive function, and those supporting self-monitoring, during an emotional n-back task (focusing on the 2-back face distractor versus the 0-back no-face control conditions) and future depressive and hypo/manic symptoms across two groups of youth at familial risk for AD: Offspring of parents with BD (n = 15, age = 14.15) and offspring of parents with non-BD psychopathology (n = 19, age = 13.62). Participants were scanned and assessed twice, approximately 4 years apart. Across groups, less deactivation in the mid-cingulate cortex during emotional regulation (Rate Ratio = 3.07(95% CI:1.09-8.66), χ2(1) = 4.48, p = 0.03) at Time-1, and increases in functional connectivity from Time-1 to 2 (Rate Ratio = 1.45(95% CI:1.15-1.84), χ2(1) = 8.69, p = 0.003) between regions that showed deactivation during emotional regulation and the right caudate, predicted higher depression severity at Time-2. Both effects were robust to sensitivity analyses controlling for clinical characteristics. Decreases in deactivation between Times 1 and 2 in the right putamen tail were associated with increases in hypo/mania at Time-2, but this effect was not robust to sensitivity analyses. Our findings reflect neural mechanisms of risk for worsening affective symptoms, particularly depression, in youth across a range of familial risk for affective disorders. They may serve as potential objective, early-warning signs of AD in youth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jay C. Fournier
- grid.21925.3d0000 0004 1936 9000University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA USA
| | - Michele Bertocci
- grid.21925.3d0000 0004 1936 9000University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA USA
| | - Cecile D. Ladouceur
- grid.21925.3d0000 0004 1936 9000University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA USA
| | - Lisa Bonar
- grid.21925.3d0000 0004 1936 9000University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA USA
| | - Kelly Monk
- grid.21925.3d0000 0004 1936 9000University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA USA
| | - Halimah Abdul-Waalee
- grid.21925.3d0000 0004 1936 9000University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA USA
| | - Amelia Versace
- grid.21925.3d0000 0004 1936 9000University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA USA
| | - João Paulo Lima Santos
- grid.21925.3d0000 0004 1936 9000University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA USA
| | - Satish Iyengar
- grid.21925.3d0000 0004 1936 9000University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA USA
| | - Boris Birmaher
- grid.21925.3d0000 0004 1936 9000University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA USA
| | - Mary L. Phillips
- grid.21925.3d0000 0004 1936 9000University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA USA
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31
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Kurtz M, Mohring P, Förster K, Bauer M, Kanske P. Deficits in explicit emotion regulation in bipolar disorder: a systematic review. Int J Bipolar Disord 2021; 9:15. [PMID: 33937951 PMCID: PMC8089068 DOI: 10.1186/s40345-021-00221-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study aimed to compile and synthesize studies investigating explicit emotion regulation in patients with bipolar disorder and individuals at risk of developing bipolar disorder. The importance of explicit emotion regulation arises from its potential role as a marker for bipolar disorders in individuals at risk and its potent role in therapy for bipolar disorder patients. Methods To obtain an exhaustive compilation of studies dealing specifically with explicit emotion regulation in bipolar disorder, we conducted a systematic literature search in four databases. In the 15 studies we included in our review, the emotion-regulation strategies maintenance, distraction, and reappraisal (self-focused and situation-focused) were investigated partly on a purely behavioral level and partly in conjunction with neural measures. The samples used in the identified studies included individuals at increased risk of bipolar disorder, patients with current affective episodes, and patients with euthymic mood state. Results In summary, the reviewed studies' results indicate impairments in explicit emotion regulation in individuals at risk for bipolar disorder, patients with manic and depressive episodes, and euthymic patients. These deficits manifest in subjective behavioral measures as well as in neural aberrations. Further, our review reveals a discrepancy between behavioral and neural findings regarding explicit emotion regulation in individuals at risk for bipolar disorders and euthymic patients. While these groups often do not differ significantly in behavioral measures from healthy and low-risk individuals, neural differences are mainly found in frontostriatal networks. Conclusion We conclude that these neural aberrations are a potentially sensitive measure of the probability of occurrence and recurrence of symptoms of bipolar disorders and that strengthening this frontostriatal route is a potentially protective measure for individuals at risk and patients who have bipolar disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcel Kurtz
- Clinical Psychology and Behavioral Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology, Technische Universität Dresden, Chemnitzer Str. 46, 01187, Dresden, Germany.
| | - Pia Mohring
- Clinical Psychology and Behavioral Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology, Technische Universität Dresden, Chemnitzer Str. 46, 01187, Dresden, Germany
| | - Katharina Förster
- Clinical Psychology and Behavioral Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology, Technische Universität Dresden, Chemnitzer Str. 46, 01187, Dresden, Germany
| | - Michael Bauer
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Philipp Kanske
- Clinical Psychology and Behavioral Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology, Technische Universität Dresden, Chemnitzer Str. 46, 01187, Dresden, Germany.,Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
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Chen J, Zou S, Qu Y, Zhang C, Zhang Y, Tang X, Ren Y. Neurometabolic alterations in bipolar disorder with anxiety symptoms: A proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy study of the prefrontal whiter matter. Psychiatry Res 2021; 299:113859. [PMID: 33799126 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2021.113859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
To identify the pathophysiological mechanism of bipolar disorder (BD) patients with anxiety symptoms, we analyzed the differences of brain biochemical metabolism in BD patients with and without anxiety symptoms. We collected 39 BD patients who had been untreated with drugs in one month and were divided into the anxiety symptoms group (20 cases) and non-anxiety symptoms group (19 cases) according to whether they had anxiety symptoms. We used proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) to detect the biochemical metabolite ratios of the prefrontal whiter matter (PWM) in all patients. The right PWM mI/Cr ratios in BD patients with anxiety symptoms were higher than those in BD patients without anxiety symptoms and the Cho/Cr ratios in the left PWM were negatively correlated with age and age of onset in BD patients with anxiety symptoms. These findings indicated that BD patients with anxiety symptoms have increased levels of inositol metabolism in the right PWM. Furthermore, the level of membrane phospholipid catabolism in the left PWM of BD patients with anxiety symptoms decreased with increasing age and onset age. Our results provide some references for the pathophysiological mechanism in BD patients with anxiety symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayue Chen
- Department of Clinical Psychology, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830000, China; Medical College of Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832003, China; Tianjin Fourth Central Hospital, The Fourth Central Hospital Affiliated to Nankai University, The Fourth Central Clinical College, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300140, China
| | - Shaohong Zou
- Department of Clinical Psychology, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830000, China.
| | - Yuan Qu
- Department of Radiology, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830000, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Department of Clinical Psychology, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830000, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Clinical Psychology, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830000, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Tang
- Department of Clinical Psychology, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830000, China
| | - Yongfang Ren
- Department of Radiology, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830000, China
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Beyer DKE, Mattukat A, Freund N. Prefrontal dopamine D1 receptor manipulation influences anxiety behavior and induces neuroinflammation within the hippocampus. Int J Bipolar Disord 2021; 9:9. [PMID: 33683478 PMCID: PMC7940461 DOI: 10.1186/s40345-020-00212-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Prefrontal dopamine D1 receptor (D1R) mediates behavior related to anxiety, reward and memory, and is involved in inflammatory processes, all of which are affected in bipolar disorder. Interleukin-6 (IL-6), a pro-inflammatory cytokine, is increased in patients with bipolar disorder in plasma samples, imaging studies and postmortem tissue and is an indicator for an inflammatory state. We could previously show that lentiviral overexpression of D1R in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) of male adult rats and its termination induces bipolar disorder-like behavior. The purpose of this study was to investigate anxiety and the role of the immune system, specifically IL-6 positive neurons in this animal model. Due to its high density of inflammatory mediator receptors and therewith sensibility to immune activation, the hippocampus was investigated. Methods Expression of the gene for D1R in glutamatergic neurons within the mPFC of male, adult rats was manipulated through an inducible lentiviral vector. Animals over-expressing the gene (mania-like state), after termination of the expression (depressive-like) and their respective control groups were investigated. Anxiety behavior was studied in the elevated plus maze and marble burying test. Furthermore, IL-6-positive cells were counted within several subregions of the hippocampus. Results D1R manipulation in the mPFC had only mild effects on anxiety behavior in the elevated plus maze. However, subjects after termination buried more marbles compared to D1R over-expressing animals and their respective control animals indicating elevated anxiety behavior. In addition, animals in the depressive-like state showed higher numbers of IL-6 positive cells reflecting an elevated pro-inflammatory state in the hippocampus, in the CA3 and dentate gyrus. Consistently, inflammatory state in the whole hippocampus and anxiety behavior correlated positively, indicating a connection between anxiety and inflammatory state of the hippocampus. Conclusions Behavioral and neurobiological findings support the association of manipulation of the D1R in the mPFC on anxiety and inflammation in the hippocampus. In addition, by confirming changes in the inflammatory state, the proposed animal model for bipolar disorder has been further validated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik K E Beyer
- Division of Experimental and Molecular Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Preventive Medicine, LWL University Hospital, Ruhr-University, Alexandrinenstr.1, 44791, Bochum, Germany
| | - Annika Mattukat
- Division of Experimental and Molecular Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Preventive Medicine, LWL University Hospital, Ruhr-University, Alexandrinenstr.1, 44791, Bochum, Germany
| | - Nadja Freund
- Division of Experimental and Molecular Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Preventive Medicine, LWL University Hospital, Ruhr-University, Alexandrinenstr.1, 44791, Bochum, Germany.
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Furlong LS, Rossell SL, Caruana GF, Cropley VL, Hughes M, Van Rheenen TE. The activity and connectivity of the facial emotion processing neural circuitry in bipolar disorder: a systematic review. J Affect Disord 2021; 279:518-548. [PMID: 33142156 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.10.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Facial emotion processing abnormalities may be a trait feature of bipolar disorder (BD). These social cognitive impairments may be due to alterations in the neural processing of facial affective information in visual ("core"), and limbic and prefrontal ("extended") networks, however, the precise neurobiological mechanism(s) underlying these symptoms are unclear. METHODS We conducted a systematic review to appraise the literature on the activity and connectivity of the facial emotion processing neural circuitry in BD. Two reviewers undertook a search of the electronic databases PubMed, Scopus and PsycINFO, to identify relevant literature published since inception up until September 2019. Study eligibility criteria included; BD participants, neuroimaging, and facial emotion processing tasks. RESULTS Out of an initial yield of 6121 articles, 66 were eligible for inclusion in this review. We identified differences in neural activity and connectivity within and between occipitotemporal, limbic, and prefrontal regions, in response to facial affective stimuli, in BD compared to healthy controls. LIMITATIONS The methodologies used across studies varied considerably. CONCLUSIONS The findings from this review suggest abnormalities in both the activity and connectivity of facial emotion processing neural circuitry in BD. It is recommended that future research aims to further define the connectivity and spatiotemporal course of neural events within and between occipitotemporal, limbic, and prefrontal regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa S Furlong
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Susan L Rossell
- Centre for Mental Health, Faculty of Health, Arts and Design, School of Health Sciences, Swinburne University, Melbourne, Australia; St Vincent's Mental Health, St Vincent's Hospital, VIC, Australia
| | - Georgia F Caruana
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Vanessa L Cropley
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Melbourne, Australia; Centre for Mental Health, Faculty of Health, Arts and Design, School of Health Sciences, Swinburne University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Matthew Hughes
- Centre for Mental Health, Faculty of Health, Arts and Design, School of Health Sciences, Swinburne University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Tamsyn E Van Rheenen
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Melbourne, Australia; Centre for Mental Health, Faculty of Health, Arts and Design, School of Health Sciences, Swinburne University, Melbourne, Australia.
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Zheng R, Chen Y, Jiang Y, Wen M, Zhou B, Li S, Wei Y, Yang Z, Wang C, Cheng J, Zhang Y, Han S. Dynamic Altered Amplitude of Low-Frequency Fluctuations in Patients With Major Depressive Disorder. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:683610. [PMID: 34349681 PMCID: PMC8328277 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.683610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Major depressive disorder (MDD) has demonstrated abnormalities of static intrinsic brain activity measured by amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF). Recent studies regarding the resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) have found the brain activity is inherently dynamic over time. Little is known, however, regarding the temporal dynamics of local neural activity in MDD. Here, we investigated whether temporal dynamic changes in spontaneous neural activity are influenced by MDD. Methods: We recruited 81 first-episode, drug-naive MDD patients and 64 age-, gender-, and education-matched healthy controls who underwent rs-fMRI. A sliding-window approach was then adopted for the estimation of dynamic ALFF (dALFF), which was used to measure time-varying brain activity and then compared between the two groups. The relationship between altered dALFF variability and clinical variables in MDD patients was also analyzed. Results: MDD patients showed increased temporal variability (dALFF) mainly focused on the bilateral thalamus, the bilateral superior frontal gyrus, the right middle frontal gyrus, the bilateral cerebellum posterior lobe, and the vermis. Furthermore, increased dALFF variability values in the right thalamus and right cerebellum posterior lobe were positively correlated with MDD symptom severity. Conclusions: The overall results suggest that altered temporal variability in corticocerebellar-thalamic-cortical circuit (CCTCC), involved in emotional, executive, and cognitive, is associated with drug-naive, first-episode MDD patients. Moreover, our study highlights the vital role of abnormal dynamic brain activity in the cerebellar hemisphere associated with CCTCC in MDD patients. These findings may provide novel insights into the pathophysiological mechanisms of MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiping Zheng
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yuan Chen
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yu Jiang
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Mengmeng Wen
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Bingqian Zhou
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shuying Li
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yarui Wei
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhengui Yang
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Caihong Wang
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jingliang Cheng
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shaoqiang Han
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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Bergamelli E, Del Fabro L, Delvecchio G, D’Agostino A, Brambilla P. The Impact of Lithium on Brain Function in Bipolar Disorder: An Updated Review of Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Studies. CNS Drugs 2021; 35:1275-1287. [PMID: 34773217 PMCID: PMC9537229 DOI: 10.1007/s40263-021-00869-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Lithium remains a gold standard treatment for bipolar disorder (BD), and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies have contributed to clarifying its impact on neural circuitries in affected individuals. However, the specific neurobiological mechanisms through which lithium exerts its effects on brain function are not fully understood. In this review, we aimed to summarize the results of recent fMRI studies evaluating the impact of lithium on brain functional activity and connectivity in patients diagnosed with BD. We performed a literature search of available sources found in the PubMed database reported in English since 2016, when the last available review on this topic was published. Five fMRI studies in resting-state condition and six studies performed during the execution of emotional tasks met the inclusion criteria. Overall, the available evidence supports normalizing effects of lithium on brain activity and connectivity. Most of these studies reported a normalization in prefrontal regions and interconnected areas involved in emotion regulation and processing, regardless of the task employed. Importantly, lithium treatment showed distinct patterns of activity/connectivity changes compared with other treatments. Finally, lithium modulation of neural circuitries was found to be associated with clinical improvement in BD. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that selective abnormalities in neural circuitries supporting emotion processing and regulation improve during lithium treatment in BD. However, the heterogeneity of the examined studies regarding study design, sample selection, and analysis methods might limit the generalizability of the findings and lead to difficulties in comparing the results. Therefore, in future studies, larger cohorts and homogeneous experimental tasks are needed to further corroborate these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilio Bergamelli
- grid.415093.a0000 0004 1793 3800Department of Mental Health and Addiction, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, San Paolo Hospital, Milan, Italy ,grid.4708.b0000 0004 1757 2822Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Del Fabro
- grid.4708.b0000 0004 1757 2822Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, via F. Sforza 35, 20122 Milan, Italy ,grid.414818.00000 0004 1757 8749Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Delvecchio
- Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.
| | - Armando D’Agostino
- grid.415093.a0000 0004 1793 3800Department of Mental Health and Addiction, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, San Paolo Hospital, Milan, Italy ,grid.4708.b0000 0004 1757 2822Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Brambilla
- grid.4708.b0000 0004 1757 2822Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, via F. Sforza 35, 20122 Milan, Italy ,grid.414818.00000 0004 1757 8749Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
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Tseng HH, Chang HH, Wei SY, Lu TH, Hsieh YT, Yang YK, Chen PS. Peripheral inflammation is associated with dysfunctional corticostriatal circuitry and executive dysfunction in bipolar disorder patients. Brain Behav Immun 2021; 91:695-702. [PMID: 32950621 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2020.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Bipolar disorder (BD) has been linked to abnormal frontal and striatal function, and elevated inflammatory responses. However, the impact of peripheral inflammation on the corticostriatal functional connectivity (FC) remains obscure in BD. The current study aimed to explore the association between peripheral inflammation and corticostriatal connectivity in euthymic BD. We recruited 25 euthymic BD patients and 43 healthy controls (HCs) from the community. Resting state functional images were obtained using 3T magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), and striatal seed-based whole-brain functional connectivity analyses were performed, with the fasting plasma high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) level entered as a regressor of interest. The participants also completed the Wisconsin Card-Sorting Test (WCST) and the Continuous Performance Test (CPT). The euthymic BD group had a similar hs-CRP level to the HC group, but a significantly poorer cognitive performance. Compared with the HC group, a higher connectivity between the right dorsal caudal putamen (dcP) and the ventral lateral prefrontal cortex (vlPFC) in the BD group was significantly correlated with a higher hs-CRP level. Stronger dcP-vlPFC connectivity was correlated with a lower CPT unmasked d' in the BD group. BD patients might be particularly sensitive to the effects of inflammation on corticostriatal connectivity. The potentially greater sensitivity of BD patients to peripheral inflammation may differentially modulate the cognitive and reward related corticostriatal circuitry, which may contribute to the pathophysiology of cognitive-affective dysregulation in the euthymic state. Anti-inflammatory or other circuit-specific treatment is warranted for individualized treatment in BD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huai-Hsuan Tseng
- Department of Psychiatry, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; Institute of Behavioral Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Hui Hua Chang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; Department of Pharmacy, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; Department of Pharmacy, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Dou-Liou Branch, Yunlin, Taiwan
| | - Shyh-Yuh Wei
- Department of Psychiatry, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Hua Lu
- Department of Psychiatry, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ting Hsieh
- Department of Psychiatry, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yen Kuang Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; Institute of Behavioral Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, Tainan Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Po See Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; Institute of Behavioral Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
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Eckstrand KL, Forbes EE, Bertocci MA, Chase HW, Greenberg T, Lockovich J, Stiffler R, Aslam HA, Graur S, Bebko G, Phillips ML. Trauma Affects Prospective Relationships Between Reward-Related Ventral Striatal and Amygdala Activation and 1-Year Future Hypo/Mania Trajectories. Biol Psychiatry 2020; 89:868-877. [PMID: 33536131 PMCID: PMC8052260 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2020.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Trauma exposure is associated with a more severe, persistent course of affective and anxiety symptoms. Markers of reward neural circuitry function, specifically activation to reward prediction error (RPE), are impacted by trauma and predict the future course of affective symptoms. This study's purpose was to determine how lifetime trauma exposure influences relationships between reward neural circuitry function and the course of future affective and anxiety symptoms in a naturalistic, transdiagnostic observational context. METHODS A total of 59 young adults aged 18-25 (48 female and 11 male participants, mean ± SD = 21.5 ± 2.0 years) experiencing psychological distress completed the study. Participants were evaluated at baseline, 6, and 12 months. At baseline, the participants reported lifetime trauma events and completed a monetary reward functional magnetic resonance imaging task. Affective and anxiety symptoms were reported at each visit, and trajectories were calculated using MPlus. Neural activation during RPE and other phases of reward processing were determined using SPM8. Trauma and reward neural activation were entered as predictors of symptom trajectories. RESULTS Trauma exposure moderated prospective relationships between left ventral striatum (β = -1.29, p = .02) and right amygdala (β = 0.58, p = .04) activation to RPE and future hypo/mania severity trajectory: the interaction between greater trauma and greater left ventral striatum activation to RPE was associated with a shallower increase in hypo/mania severity, whereas the interaction between greater trauma and greater right amygdala activation to RPE was associated with increasing hypo/mania severity. CONCLUSIONS Trauma exposure affects prospective relationships between markers of reward circuitry function and affective symptom trajectories. Evaluating trauma exposure is thus crucial in naturalistic and treatment studies aiming to identify neural predictors of future affective symptom course.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristen L Eckstrand
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
| | - Erika E Forbes
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Michele A Bertocci
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Henry W Chase
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Tsafrir Greenberg
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Jeanette Lockovich
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Ricki Stiffler
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Haris A Aslam
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Simona Graur
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Genna Bebko
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Mary L Phillips
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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Shi J, Guo H, Liu S, Xue W, Fan F, Fan H, An H, Wang Z, Tan S, Yang F, Tan Y. Resting-state functional connectivity of neural circuits associated with primary and secondary rewards in patients with bipolar disorder. Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 2020; 15:755-763. [PMID: 32734286 PMCID: PMC7511880 DOI: 10.1093/scan/nsaa100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective We used resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) to evaluate the integrity of the neural circuits associated with primary and secondary rewards in bipolar disorder (BD) with different mood phases. Methods Sixty patients with BD [21 patients with depressive episode of BD (BDD) and 41 patients with maniac episode of BD (BDM)] and 42 healthy controls (HCs) underwent resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging. rsFC was assessed using region of interest-wise analyses. Results Attenuation of rsFC at the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) and the left ventral striatum (LVS) was observed in the secondary reward circuit of patients with BD compared to that of HCs. Among BDD, BDM and HCs, the rsFC between OFC and LVS in BDM was intermediate, while the rsFC between OFC and right ventral striatum/right amygdala in BDM was the highest; the corresponding rsFC values in BDD were the lowest. Furthermore, a positive correlation was found between rsFC and Young Mania Rating Scale scores in BDM. Conclusions This study suggests that there may be an abnormal rsFC between OFC and LVS in the second reward of patients with BD and the discrepant patterns of rsFC may exist between different mood states in patients with BD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Shi
- Psychiatry Research Center, Beijing HuiLongGuan Hospital, Peking University Huilongguan Clinical Medical School, Beijing 100096, China
| | - Hua Guo
- Present Office, The Psychiatric Hospital of Zhumadian, Zhumadian, Henan 463000, China
| | - Sijia Liu
- Psychiatry Research Center, Beijing HuiLongGuan Hospital, Peking University Huilongguan Clinical Medical School, Beijing 100096, China
| | - Wei Xue
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Beijing Hospital of the Ministry of Health, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Fengmei Fan
- Psychiatry Research Center, Beijing HuiLongGuan Hospital, Peking University Huilongguan Clinical Medical School, Beijing 100096, China
| | - Hongzhen Fan
- Psychiatry Research Center, Beijing HuiLongGuan Hospital, Peking University Huilongguan Clinical Medical School, Beijing 100096, China
| | - Huimei An
- Psychiatry Research Center, Beijing HuiLongGuan Hospital, Peking University Huilongguan Clinical Medical School, Beijing 100096, China
| | - Zhiren Wang
- Correspondence: Zhiren Wang, Psychiatry Research Center, Beijing HuiLongGuan Hospital, Peking University Huilongguan Clinical Medical School, Beijing, China, 100096.
| | - Shuping Tan
- Psychiatry Research Center, Beijing HuiLongGuan Hospital, Peking University Huilongguan Clinical Medical School, Beijing 100096, China
| | - Fude Yang
- Psychiatry Research Center, Beijing HuiLongGuan Hospital, Peking University Huilongguan Clinical Medical School, Beijing 100096, China
| | - Yunlong Tan
- Psychiatry Research Center, Beijing HuiLongGuan Hospital, Peking University Huilongguan Clinical Medical School, Beijing 100096, China
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Metabolic activity in subcallosal cingulate predicts response to deep brain stimulation for depression. Neuropsychopharmacology 2020; 45:1681-1688. [PMID: 32580207 PMCID: PMC7419290 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-020-0745-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2019] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Subcallosal cingulate (SCC) deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a promising therapy for treatment-resistant depression (TRD), but response rates in open-label studies were not replicated in a large multicenter trial. Identifying biomarkers of response could improve patient selection and outcomes. We examined SCC metabolic activity as both a predictor and marker of SCC DBS treatment response. Brain glucose metabolism (CMRGlu) was measured with [18F] FDG-PET at baseline and 6 months post DBS in 20 TRD patients in a double-blind randomized controlled trial where two stimulation types (long pulse width (LPW) n = 9 and short pulse width (SPW) n = 11) were used. Responders (n = 10) were defined by a ≥48% reduction in Hamilton Depression Rating Scale scores after 6 months. The response rates were similar with five responders in each stimulation group: LPW (55.6%) and SPW (44.5%). First, differences in SCC CMRGlu in responders and non-responders were compared at baseline. Then machine learning analysis was performed with a leave-one-out cross-validation using a Gaussian naive Bayes classifier to test whether baseline CMRGlu in SCC could categorize responders. Finally, we compared 6-month change in metabolic activity with change in depression severity. All analyses were controlled for age. Baseline SCC CMRGlu was significantly higher in responders than non-responders. The machine learning analysis predicted response with 80% accuracy. Furthermore, reduction in SCC CMRGlu 6 months post DBS correlated with symptom improvement (r(17) = 0.509; p = 0.031). This is the first evidence of an image-based treatment selection biomarker that predicts SCC DBS response. Future studies could utilize SCC metabolic activity for prospective patient selection.
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Sá Filho AS, Cheniaux E, de Paula CC, Murillo-Rodriguez E, Teixeira D, Monteiro D, Cid L, Yamamoto T, Telles-Correia D, Imperatori C, Budde H, Machado S. Exercise is medicine: a new perspective for health promotion in bipolar disorder. Expert Rev Neurother 2020; 20:1099-1107. [PMID: 32762382 DOI: 10.1080/14737175.2020.1807329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Similar effects in reducing the symptoms of the mood disorder are reported in the literature compared the action of drugs and aerobic exercise sessions, demonstrating the potential of exercise in the control and mood stabilization. Therefore, there are many reasons to believe that the increased cardiorespiratory fitness (VO2max) can be an important means of protection and a reducing potential of physical and mental damage in bipolar disorders (BD). This review will highlight the current pattern of response of exercise on the pathophysiology of BD, relating the possible mechanisms, and hypotheses based on exercises. AREAS COVERED The mechanism of monoaminergic action and its relationship with exercise, role of physical conditioning and increased VO2Max on neurotrophin release, and new perspectives on long-term exercise will be reviewed. EXPERT OPINION The adaptations to training, although little explored in the context of BD, can induce the expression of substances that co-regulate several processes related to the pathophysiology of BD. Furthermore, high intensity interval training (HIIT) can also be adjusted to improve the physical fitness and health in patients with BD. Future research is needed to adopt a training strategy that is both time efficient and adequate for the population in question.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Souza Sá Filho
- Department of Physical Education, Paulista University (UNIP) , São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Physical Education, University Center of Anápolis (Unievangélica) , Anápolis, Brazil
| | - Elie Cheniaux
- School of Medical Sciences, State University of Rio De Janeiro (UERJ) , Rio De Janeiro, Brazil.,Institute of Psychiatry, Federal University of Rio De Janeiro , Rio De Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Carolina Cavalcante de Paula
- Department of Cellular, Tissue and Developmental Biology, The Institute of Biomedical Science, The University of São Paulo (ICB/USP) , São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eric Murillo-Rodriguez
- International Neuroscience Research Group , Yucatan, México.,Laboratorio De Neurociencias Moleculares E Integrativas, Escuela De Medicina, División Ciencias De La Salud, Universidad Anáhuac Mayab , Mérida, Mexico
| | - Diogo Teixeira
- International Neuroscience Research Group , Yucatan, México.,Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, ULHT , Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Diogo Monteiro
- International Neuroscience Research Group , Yucatan, México.,Research Centre in Sports, Health and Human Development, CIDESD , Rio Maior, Portugal.,Sport Science School of Rio Maior, Polytechnique Institute of Santarém , Rio Maior, Portugal
| | - Luis Cid
- International Neuroscience Research Group , Yucatan, México.,Research Centre in Sports, Health and Human Development, CIDESD , Rio Maior, Portugal.,Sport Science School of Rio Maior, Polytechnique Institute of Santarém , Rio Maior, Portugal
| | - Tetsuya Yamamoto
- International Neuroscience Research Group , Yucatan, México.,Graduate School of Technology, Industrial and Social Sciences, Tokushima University , Tokushima, Japan
| | - Diogo Telles-Correia
- International Neuroscience Research Group , Yucatan, México.,Clínica Universitária De Psicologia E Psiquiatria, Faculdade De Medicina, Universidade De Lisboa , Lisbon, Portugal.,Departamento De Psiquiatria, Faculdade De Medicina, Universidade De Lisboa , Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Claudio Imperatori
- International Neuroscience Research Group , Yucatan, México.,Department of Human Sciences, European University of Rome, Via degli Aldobrandeschi 190 , Rome, Italy
| | - Henning Budde
- International Neuroscience Research Group , Yucatan, México.,Faculty of Human Sciences, Medical School Hamburg, University of Applied Science and Medical University , Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sergio Machado
- Institute of Psychiatry, Federal University of Rio De Janeiro , Rio De Janeiro, Brazil.,International Neuroscience Research Group , Yucatan, México.,Laboratory of Physical Activity Neuroscience, Physical Activity Sciences Postgraduate Program, Salgado De Oliveira University (UNIVERSO) , Niterói, Brazil.,Laboratory of Physical Activity Neuroscience, Neurodiversity Institute, Queimados , RJ, Brazil
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42
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Stern S, Sarkar A, Stern T, Mei A, Mendes APD, Stern Y, Goldberg G, Galor D, Nguyen T, Randolph-Moore L, Kim Y, Rouleau G, Bang A, Alda M, Santos R, Marchetto MC, Gage FH. Mechanisms Underlying the Hyperexcitability of CA3 and Dentate Gyrus Hippocampal Neurons Derived From Patients With Bipolar Disorder. Biol Psychiatry 2020; 88:139-149. [PMID: 31732108 PMCID: PMC7108962 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2019.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Revised: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Approximately 1 in every 50 to 100 people is affected with bipolar disorder (BD), making this disease a major economic burden. The introduction of induced pluripotent stem cell methodology enabled better modeling of this disorder. METHODS Having previously studied the phenotype of dentate gyrus granule neurons, we turned our attention to studying the phenotype of CA3 hippocampal pyramidal neurons of 6 patients with BD compared with 4 control individuals. We used patch clamp and quantitative polymerase chain reaction to measure electrophysiological features and RNA expression by specific channel genes. RESULTS We found that BD CA3 neurons were hyperexcitable only when they were derived from patients who responded to lithium; they featured sustained activity with large current injections and a large, fast after-hyperpolarization, similar to what we previously reported in dentate gyrus neurons. The higher amplitudes and faster kinetics of fast potassium currents correlated with this hyperexcitability. Further supporting the involvement of potassium currents, we observed an overexpression of KCNC1 and KCNC2 in hippocampal neurons derived from lithium responders. Applying specific potassium channel blockers diminished the hyperexcitability. Long-term lithium treatment decreased the hyperexcitability observed in the CA3 neurons derived from lithium responders while increasing sodium currents and reducing fast potassium currents. When differentiating this cohort into spinal motor neurons, we did not observe any changes in the excitability of BD motor neurons compared with control motor neurons. CONCLUSIONS The hyperexcitability of BD neurons is neuronal type specific with the involvement of altered potassium currents that allow for a sustained, continued firing activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shani Stern
- Laboratory of Genetics, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California; Sagol Department of Neurobiology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel.
| | - Anindita Sarkar
- Laboratory of Genetics, Salk Institute for Biological
Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Tchelet Stern
- Laboratory of Genetics, Salk Institute for Biological
Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Arianna Mei
- Laboratory of Genetics, Salk Institute for Biological
Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Ana P. D. Mendes
- Laboratory of Genetics, Salk Institute for Biological
Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Yam Stern
- Laboratory of Genetics, Salk Institute for Biological
Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Gabriela Goldberg
- Laboratory of Genetics, Salk Institute for Biological
Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Dekel Galor
- Laboratory of Genetics, Salk Institute for Biological
Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Thao Nguyen
- Laboratory of Genetics, Salk Institute for Biological
Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Lynne Randolph-Moore
- Laboratory of Genetics, Salk Institute for Biological
Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Yongsung Kim
- Laboratory of Genetics, Salk Institute for Biological
Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Guy Rouleau
- Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University,
Montreal
| | - Anne Bang
- Conrad Prebys Center for Chemical Genomics, Sanford Burnham
Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, 10901 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA
92037, USA
| | - Martin Alda
- Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, 5909
Veterans’ Memorial Lane, Halifax, NS, B3H 2E2, Canada
| | - Renata Santos
- Laboratory of Genetics, Salk Institute for Biological
Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA,Laboratory of Dynamic of Neuronal Structure in Health and
Disease, Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience of Paris (UMR_S1266 INSERM,
University of Paris), 102 rue de la Sante, 75014 Paris, France
| | - Maria C. Marchetto
- Laboratory of Genetics, Salk Institute for Biological
Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Fred H. Gage
- Laboratory of Genetics, Salk Institute for Biological
Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA,Co-Corresponding authors: Shani Stern
, Fred H. Gage,
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43
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Antipsychotic effects of sex hormones and atypical hemispheric asymmetries. Cortex 2020; 127:313-332. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2020.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Revised: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Wu Z, Wang C, Ma Z, Pang M, Wu Y, Zhang N, Zhong Y. Abnormal functional connectivity of habenula in untreated patients with first-episode major depressive disorder. Psychiatry Res 2020; 285:112837. [PMID: 32044600 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Revised: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is associated with abnormalities in emotional/cognitive processing and low reward sensitivity. The habenula has a pivotal role in these processes that may contribute to depression. However, there has been little research on the abnormal connectivity between the habenula and whole brain of first-onset MDD. We aimed to explore the differences of functional connectivity between patients and healthy controls using functional magnetic resonance imaging. We used seed-based resting-state fMRI to examine functional connectivity between the habenula and whole-brain in 49 first-episode depressive patients and 25 healthy controls. Compared to controls, patients with MDD demonstrated significant increases in functional connectivity between the habenula and the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC). Furthermore, the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve proved that connectivity between the habenula and dlPFC was highly predictive. Additionally, there was a positive correlation between Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAMD) score and functional connectivity between the habenula and right dlPFC. We found that the aberrant functional connectivity to the habenula and dlPFC can distinguish MDD patients from the normal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhou Wu
- School of Psychology, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210097, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210097, China
| | - Chun Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, Nanjing Brain Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China; Functional Brain Imaging Institute of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China; Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Institute of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Zijuan Ma
- Department of Psychiatry, Nanjing Brain Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Manlong Pang
- Department of Psychiatry, Nanjing Brain Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Yun Wu
- Department of Psychiatry, Nanjing Brain Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, Nanjing Brain Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China; Functional Brain Imaging Institute of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China; Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Institute of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Yuan Zhong
- School of Psychology, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210097, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210097, China.
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45
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Nemati S, Abdallah CG. Increased Cortical Thickness in Patients With Major Depressive Disorder Following Antidepressant Treatment. CHRONIC STRESS 2020; 4. [PMID: 31938760 PMCID: PMC6959134 DOI: 10.1177/2470547019899962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Background Considering the slow-acting properties of traditional antidepressants, an
important challenge in the field is the identification of early treatment
response biomarkers. Reduced cortical thickness has been reported in
neuroimaging studies of depression. However, little is known whether
antidepressants reverse this abnormality. In this brief report, we
investigated early cortical thickness changes following treatment with
sertraline compared to placebo. Methods Participants (n = 215) with major depressive disorder were randomized to a
selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, sertraline, or to placebo.
Structural magnetic resonance imaging scans were acquired at baseline and
one week following treatment. Response was defined as at least 50%
improvement in Hamilton rating scale for depression score at week 8. In a
vertex-wise approach, we examined the effects of treatment, response, and
treatment × response. Results Following correction for multiple comparisons, we found a significant effect
of treatment, with widespread increase in cortical thickness following
sertraline compared to placebo. Clusters with increased thickness were found
in the left medial prefrontal cortex, right medial and lateral prefrontal
cortex, and within the right parieto-temporal lobes. There were no
sertraline-induced cortical thinning, and no significant response effects or
treatment × response interactions. Conclusion Our findings suggest that cortical thickness abnormalities may be responsive
to antidepressant treatment. However, a relationship between these early
cortical changes and later treatment response was not demonstrated. Future
studies would be needed to investigate whether those early effects are
maintained at eight weeks and are associated with enhanced response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samaneh Nemati
- VA National Center for PTSD-Clinical Neuroscience Division, US Department of Veterans Affairs, West Haven, CT, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Chadi G Abdallah
- VA National Center for PTSD-Clinical Neuroscience Division, US Department of Veterans Affairs, West Haven, CT, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
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46
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Whalen DJ, Gilbert KE, Kelly D, Hajcak G, Kappenman ES, Luby JL, Barch DM. Preschool-Onset Major Depressive Disorder is Characterized by Electrocortical Deficits in Processing Pleasant Emotional Pictures. JOURNAL OF ABNORMAL CHILD PSYCHOLOGY 2020; 48:91-108. [PMID: 31515716 PMCID: PMC7286427 DOI: 10.1007/s10802-019-00585-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Reductions in positive affect are a salient feature of preschool-onset major depressive disorder. Yet, little is known about the psychophysiological correlates of this blunted positive affect and whether reduced physiological responding to pleasant stimuli may differentiate depressed and healthy young children. 120 four-to-seven year old children with current depression and 63 psychiatrically healthy 4-to-7 year old children completed a simple picture-viewing task of pleasant and neutral pictures while event-related potentials (ERPs) were recorded. The early-childhood version of the Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Depression was used to establish psychiatric diagnoses. A one-way ANCOVA was used to test for group differences in response to pleasant and neutral pictures. Young children with depression showed a reduced response to pleasant vs. neutral pictures (LPP), after controlling for children's age (F(1,180) = 4.15, p = 0.04, η2 = 0.02). The LPP for the children with preschool-onset depression (M = 0.99, SE = 0.65) was significantly smaller than the LPP in the healthy group of young children (M = 3.27, SE = 0.90). This difference did not vary as a function of depression or anhedonia severity within the group with depression or the healthy children. Similar to older children and adolescents with depression, young children with depression display reductions in responsivity to pleasant stimuli as indexed by the LPP. These findings extend prior findings indicating a blunted response to pleasant stimuli in preschool- onset depression. Given the greater neuroplasticity of emotional response and regulation, these findings suggest clinical attention to emotional response to pleasure is an important target in preschool-onset depression. Clinical trial registration information: A Randomized Control Trial of PCIT-ED for Preschool Depression; http://clinicaltrials.gov/;NCT02076425.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana J Whalen
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, 4444 Forest Park, Suite 2100, St. Louis, MO, 63108, USA.
| | - Kirsten E Gilbert
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, 4444 Forest Park, Suite 2100, St. Louis, MO, 63108, USA
| | - Danielle Kelly
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, 4444 Forest Park, Suite 2100, St. Louis, MO, 63108, USA
| | - Greg Hajcak
- Department of Psychology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Emily S Kappenman
- Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Joan L Luby
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, 4444 Forest Park, Suite 2100, St. Louis, MO, 63108, USA
| | - Deanna M Barch
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, 4444 Forest Park, Suite 2100, St. Louis, MO, 63108, USA
- The Program in Neuroscience, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Psychology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
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47
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Uscinska M, Polla Mattiot A, Bellino S. Treatment-Induced Brain Plasticity in Psychiatric Disorders. Behav Neurosci 2019. [DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.85448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Dzafic I, Oestreich L, Martin AK, Mowry B, Burianová H. Stria terminalis, amygdala, and temporoparietal junction networks facilitate efficient emotion processing under expectations. Hum Brain Mapp 2019; 40:5382-5396. [PMID: 31460690 PMCID: PMC6864902 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.24779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Revised: 08/11/2019] [Accepted: 08/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Rapid emotion processing is an ecologically essential ability for survival in social environments in which threatening or advantageous encounters dynamically and rapidly occur. Efficient emotion recognition is subserved by different processes, depending on one's expectations; however, the underlying functional and structural circuitry is still poorly understood. In this study, we delineate brain networks that subserve fast recognition of emotion in situations either congruent or incongruent with prior expectations. For this purpose, we used multimodal neuroimaging and investigated performance on a dynamic emotion perception task. We show that the extended amygdala structural and functional networks relate to speed of emotion processing under threatening conditions. Specifically, increased microstructure of the right stria terminalis, an amygdala white-matter pathway, was related to faster detection of emotion during actual presentation of anger or after cueing anger. Moreover, functional connectivity of right amygdala with limbic regions was related to faster detection of anger congruent with cue, suggesting selective attention to threat. On the contrary, we found that faster detection of anger incongruent with cue engaged the ventral attention "reorienting" network. Faster detection of happiness, in either expectancy context, engaged a widespread frontotemporal-subcortical functional network. These findings shed light on the functional and structural circuitries that facilitate speed of emotion recognition and, for the first time, elucidate a role for the stria terminalis in human emotion processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilvana Dzafic
- Queensland Brain InstituteUniversity of QueenslandBrisbaneAustralia
- Centre for Advanced ImagingUniversity of QueenslandBrisbaneAustralia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Integrative Brain FunctionAustralia
| | - Lena Oestreich
- Centre for Advanced ImagingUniversity of QueenslandBrisbaneAustralia
- University of Queensland Centre for Clinical ResearchBrisbaneAustralia
| | - Andrew K. Martin
- University of Queensland Centre for Clinical ResearchBrisbaneAustralia
- Department of PsychologyDurham UniversityDurhamUK
| | - Bryan Mowry
- Queensland Brain InstituteUniversity of QueenslandBrisbaneAustralia
- Queensland Centre for Mental Health ResearchBrisbaneAustralia
| | - Hana Burianová
- Centre for Advanced ImagingUniversity of QueenslandBrisbaneAustralia
- Department of PsychologySwansea UniversitySwanseaUnited Kingdom
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49
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Balasubramani PP, Chakravarthy VS. Bipolar oscillations between positive and negative mood states in a computational model of Basal Ganglia. Cogn Neurodyn 2019; 14:181-202. [PMID: 32226561 DOI: 10.1007/s11571-019-09564-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Bipolar disorder is characterized by mood swings-oscillations between manic and depressive states. The swings (oscillations) mark the length of an episode in a patient's mood cycle (period), and can vary from hours to years. The proposed modeling study uses decision making framework to investigate the role of basal ganglia network in generating bipolar oscillations. In this model, the basal ganglia system performs a two-arm bandit task in which one of the arms (action responses) leads to a positive outcome, while the other leads to a negative outcome. We explore the dynamics of key reward and risk related parameters in the system while the model agent receives various outcomes. Particularly, we study the system using a model that represents the fast dynamics of decision making, and a module to capture the slow dynamics that describe the variation of some meta-parameters of fast dynamics over long time scales. The model is cast at three levels of abstraction: (1) a two-dimensional dynamical system model, that is a simple two variable model capable of showing bistability for rewarding and punitive outcomes; (2) a phenomenological basal ganglia model, to extend the implications from the reduced model to a cortico-basal ganglia setup; (3) a detailed network model of basal ganglia, that incorporates detailed cellular level models for a more realistic understanding. In healthy conditions, the model chooses positive action and avoids negative one, whereas under bipolar conditions, the model exhibits slow oscillations in its choice of positive or negative outcomes, reminiscent of bipolar oscillations. Phase-plane analyses on the simple reduced dynamical system with two variables reveal the essential parameters that generate pathological 'bipolar-like' oscillations. Phenomenological and network models of the basal ganglia extend that logic, and interpret bipolar oscillations in terms of the activity of dopaminergic and serotonergic projections on the cortico-basal ganglia network dynamics. The network's dysfunction, specifically in terms of reward and risk sensitivity, is shown to be responsible for the pathological bipolar oscillations. The study proposes a computational model that explores the effects of impaired serotonergic neuromodulation on the dynamics of the cortico basal ganglia network, and relates this impairment to abstract mood states (manic and depressive episodes) and oscillations of bipolar disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - V Srinivasa Chakravarthy
- 2Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Chennai, 36 India
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50
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Naicker M, Abbai N, Naidoo S. Bipolar limbic expression of auto-immune thyroid targets: thyroglobulin and thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor. Metab Brain Dis 2019; 34:1281-1298. [PMID: 31197680 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-019-00437-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The associations between thyroid auto-immunity and neuro-psychiatric disorders are well-documented. However, there exists limited literature specifically linking auto-immune thyroid disease (AITD) to bipolar disorder (BD). Thus, we investigated the likely association between Hashimoto's disease and BD through the extra-thyroidal localisation of thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor (TSH-R) and thyroglobulin (TG) in limbic regions of normal and bipolar human adult brain. Further, we hypothesised that changes in thyroid expression in bipolar limbic cortex may contribute to mood dysregulation associated with BD. Immuno-chemistry and in-situ PCR were used to localise TSH-R/TG within the amygdala, cingulate gyrus and frontal cortex of normal (n = 5) and bipolar (n = 5) brains. Reverse-transcriptase qPCR provided fold-change differences in TSH-R gene expression. The results demonstrated reduced thyroid protein expression in bipolar limbic regions; these novel results correlate with other neuro-imaging reports that describe reduced cortico-limbic tissue volumes and neuro-physiological activity during BD. We also demonstrated TG-like proteins exclusive to bipolar amygdala neurons, and which relates to previous neuro-imaging studies of amygdala hyperactivity and enhanced emotional sensitivity in BD. Indeed, reduced TSH-R/TG in limbic regions may predispose to, or bear relevance in the pathophysiology of mood dysregulation and symptoms of BD. Further, we attribute mood dysregulation in BD to limbic-derived TSH-R, which probably provides potential targets for thyroid auto-immune factors during Hashimoto's disease. Consequently, this may lead to inactivated and/or damaged neurons. The neuro-pathology of diminished neuronal functioning or neuronal atrophy suggests a novel neuro-degeneration mechanism in BD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meleshni Naicker
- Therapeutics and Medicines Management, Nelson R Mandela School of Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private bag X7, Durban, 4001, South Africa.
| | - Nathlee Abbai
- School of Clinical Medicine Research Laboratory, Nelson R Mandela School of Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Strinivasen Naidoo
- Therapeutics and Medicines Management, Nelson R Mandela School of Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private bag X7, Durban, 4001, South Africa
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