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Saber H, Galal HR, Abo-Eldahab M, Alwaleed E. Enhancing the biodiesel production in the green alga Chlorella vulgaris by heavy metal stress and prediction of fuel properties from fatty acid profiles. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:35952-35968. [PMID: 38743336 PMCID: PMC11136779 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-33538-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
The green microalga Chlorella vulgaris was used as a test organism during this study for evaluation of the impact of different heavy metal stress, Mn2+, Co2+, and Zn2+, on enhancing the biodiesel production. The algal cultures were grown for 13 days under heavy metal stress after which were subjected to estimation of growth, some primary metabolites, lipid, and fatty acid profiles. The maximum lipid accumulation (283.30 mg/g CDW) was recorded in the algal culture treated with 3 µM cobalt nitrate. Application of 2 mM manganese chloride; 1, 2, and 3 μM cobalt nitrate; and 0.2, 0.4, and 0.6 mM zinc sulfate caused highly significant increases in the lipid contents amounting to 183.8, 191.4, 230.6, 283.3, 176.3, 226.0, and 212.1 mg/g CDW, respectively, in comparison to control (153.4 mg/g CDW). The maximum proportion of saturated fatty acids (SFA) (64.44%) was noted in the culture treated with 6 mM MnCl2 due to the existence of palmitic acid (C16:0), stearic acid (C18:0), and pentadecylic acid (C15:0) which are represented by 53.59%, 5.96%, and 1.37%, respectively, of the total FAs. Relative increase in energy compound (REEC) showed that 1, 2, and 3 µM Co2+ lead to the highest stimulation in lipid and carbohydrate contents to 0.207, 0.352, and 0.329 × 103%, respectively. Empirical formulas were used for the assessment of biodiesel fuel properties based on FAME composition. The estimated properties met the prescribed international standard criteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hani Saber
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, South Valley University, Qena, 83523, Egypt.
| | - Hamdy Ramadan Galal
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, South Valley University, Qena, 83523, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Abo-Eldahab
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, South Valley University, Qena, 83523, Egypt
| | - Eman Alwaleed
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, South Valley University, Qena, 83523, Egypt
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2
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Shah SV, Lamba BY, Tiwari AK, Sharma R. Self-flocculation behaviour of cellulose-based bioflocculant synthesized from sewage water grown Chlorella sorokiniana and Scenedesmus abundans. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2024; 47:725-736. [PMID: 38582779 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-024-03009-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
The global energy crisis has spurred a shift from conventional to clean and sustainable energy sources. Biomass derived from microalgae is emerging as an alternative energy source with diverse applications. Despite the numerous advantages of microalgae, large-scale biomass harvesting is not economical and convenient. Self-flocculation is considered an effective phenomenon facilitated by extracting the flocculating substances from microalgae that assist aggregation of algal cells into flocs. A novel cellulose-based bioflocculant has been synthesized from sewage water grown Chlorella sorokiniana and Scenedesmus abundans for harvesting application. The produced bioflocculant amounted to 38.5% and 19.38% of the dry weight of S. abundans and C. sorokiniana, respectively. Analysis via FTIR, XRD, and FESEM-EDX revealed the presence of cellulose hydroxyapatite (HA) in algae-derived cellulose. Harvesting efficiencies of 95.3% and 89.16% were attained for S. abundans and C. sorokiniana, respectively, at a dosage of 0.5 g/L. Furthermore, the bioflocculant was recovered, enabling its reuse with recovery efficiencies of 52% and 10% for S. abundans and C. sorokiniana, respectively. This simple and efficient approach has the potential to replace other harvesting methods, thereby contributing to the economic algal biofuel production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonal Vilas Shah
- School of Advanced Engineering, UPES, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
- Centre for Alternate Energy Research (CAER), UPES, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Bhawna Yadav Lamba
- School of Advanced Engineering, UPES, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India.
- Centre for Alternate Energy Research (CAER), UPES, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India.
| | - Avanish K Tiwari
- Centre for Renewable Energy and Sustainable Development, VIKALP (Nai Dishayen), New Delhi, India
| | - Rohit Sharma
- University Institute of Engineering, Chandigarh University, Mohali, India
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3
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Santo GE, Barros A, Costa M, Pereira H, Trovão M, Cardoso H, Carvalho B, Soares M, Correia N, Silva JT, Mateus M, Silva JL. Scenedesmus rubescens Heterotrophic Production Strategies for Added Value Biomass. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:411. [PMID: 37504942 PMCID: PMC10381400 DOI: 10.3390/md21070411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Microalgae attract interest worldwide due to their potential for several applications. Scenedesmus is one of the first in vitro cultured algae due to their rapid growth and handling easiness. Within this genus, cells exhibit a highly resistant wall and propagate both auto- and heterotrophically. The main goal of the present work is to find scalable ways to produce a highly concentrated biomass of Scenedesmus rubescens in heterotrophic conditions. Scenedesmus rubescens growth was improved at the lab-scale by 3.2-fold (from 4.1 to 13 g/L of dry weight) through medium optimization by response surface methodology. Afterwards, scale-up was evaluated in 7 L stirred-tank reactor under fed-batch operation. Then, the optimized medium resulted in an overall productivity of 8.63 g/L/day and a maximum biomass concentration of 69.5 g/L. S. rubescens protein content achieved approximately 31% of dry weight, similar to the protein content of Chlorella vulgaris in heterotrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gonçalo Espírito Santo
- Allmicroalgae Natural Products S.A., R&D Department, Rua 25 de Abril s/n, 2445-413 Pataias, Portugal
| | - Ana Barros
- Allmicroalgae Natural Products S.A., R&D Department, Rua 25 de Abril s/n, 2445-413 Pataias, Portugal
| | - Margarida Costa
- Microalgae Section, Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Økernveien 94, 0579 Oslo, Norway
| | - Hugo Pereira
- GreenCoLab-Associação Oceano Verde, University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
| | - Mafalda Trovão
- Allmicroalgae Natural Products S.A., R&D Department, Rua 25 de Abril s/n, 2445-413 Pataias, Portugal
| | - Helena Cardoso
- Allmicroalgae Natural Products S.A., R&D Department, Rua 25 de Abril s/n, 2445-413 Pataias, Portugal
| | - Bernardo Carvalho
- GreenCoLab-Associação Oceano Verde, University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
| | - Maria Soares
- Allmicroalgae Natural Products S.A., R&D Department, Rua 25 de Abril s/n, 2445-413 Pataias, Portugal
| | - Nádia Correia
- Allmicroalgae Natural Products S.A., R&D Department, Rua 25 de Abril s/n, 2445-413 Pataias, Portugal
| | - Joana T Silva
- Allmicroalgae Natural Products S.A., R&D Department, Rua 25 de Abril s/n, 2445-413 Pataias, Portugal
| | - Marília Mateus
- iBB-Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Joana L Silva
- Allmicroalgae Natural Products S.A., R&D Department, Rua 25 de Abril s/n, 2445-413 Pataias, Portugal
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Influence of Food Waste and Graphene Oxide Nanosheets on Monoraphidium sp. VV1 Biomass and Biodiesel Production. Top Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11244-022-01755-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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5
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Uncovering New Diversity of Photosynthetic Microorganisms from the Mediterranean Region. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10081571. [PMID: 36013989 PMCID: PMC9416340 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10081571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
In the large and morphologically diverse phylum of Chlorophyta, new taxa are discovered every year and their phylogenetic relationships are reconstructed by the incorporation of molecular phylogenetic methods into traditional taxonomy. Herein, we aim to contribute to the photosynthetic microorganisms’ diversity knowledge in the Mediterranean area, a relatively unexplored ecoregion with high diversity. Based on a polyphasic approach, 18 Chlorophyta isolates were investigated and characterized. Morphological characteristics and ultrastructure, the phylogeny based on 18S rRNA gene (small subunit ribosomal RNA), 18S–28S internal transcribed spacer (ITS region), and the ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase large subunit region (rbcL gene), support establishing four new genera (Nomia, Ava, Akraea, Lilaea) and five new species (Spongiosarcinopsis limneus, N. picochloropsia, Av. limnothalassea, Ak. chliaropsychia, and L. pamvotia) belonging to orders Sphaeropleales, Chlorellales, and Chlamydomonadales. For some of them, this is the first report of their occurrence in specific aquatic environments.
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Fatty acids profile of Mastigocladus laminosus Cohn ex Kichner isolated from Algerian hot springs as a biofuel feedstock. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2022.102373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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7
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Song Y, Wang X, Cui H, Ji C, Xue J, Jia X, Ma R, Li R. Enhancing growth and oil accumulation of a palmitoleic acid-rich Scenedesmus obliquus in mixotrophic cultivation with acetate and its potential for ammonium-containing wastewater purification and biodiesel production. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 297:113273. [PMID: 34311253 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A palmitoleic acid-rich Scenedesmus obliquus strain SXND-02 was isolated from ammonium-containing wastewater. Biomass and lipid production were examined for this microalgal strain in photoautotrophic, heterotrophic, and mixotrophic cultivations, respectively, in order to extend its application in wastewater purification coupled with production of valued bio-products. Among the tested conditions, the microalga had better growth and higher lipid accumulation in mixotrophy. NH4Cl inhibited the microalgal growth in photoautotrophic cultivation. However, NaAc alleviated this inhibition in both heterotrophy and mixotrophy. Using 7 g L-1 NaAc and 0.5 g L-1 NH4Cl as carbon and nitrogen sources significantly increased the algal biomass and lipid yields under mixotrophic cultivation, with the highest levels up to 1.0 g L-1 and 59.88%, respectively. Fatty acid profiling indicated that palmitoleic acid was 23% in the S. obliquus SXND-02 under mixotrophic condition, which was about 21-fold higher than that in the control S. obliquus. Furthermore, this microalgal strain was tested in the chicken farm wastewater (CFW) containing high ammonium. Compared with other treatments, the S. obliquus SXND-02 cultivated in the 1/2 CFW + NaAc medium produced larger amounts of biomass (2.18 g L-1) and lipids (50.22%), and simultaneously higher removal rates of total nitrogen (TN) (80%), total ammonium nitrogen (TAN) (68%), total phosphate (TP) (82%), biological oxygen demand (BOD) (86%) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) (89%) from wastewater. The present data indicate that this excellent microalga can be used in mixotrophic cultivation for wastewater purification coupled with commercial production of valued biomass and high-quality algal oils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Song
- College of Agriculture, Institute of Molecular Agriculture and Bioenergy, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, China
| | - Xiaodan Wang
- College of Agriculture, Institute of Molecular Agriculture and Bioenergy, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, China
| | - Hongli Cui
- College of Agriculture, Institute of Molecular Agriculture and Bioenergy, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, China
| | - Chunli Ji
- College of Agriculture, Institute of Molecular Agriculture and Bioenergy, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, China
| | - Jinai Xue
- College of Agriculture, Institute of Molecular Agriculture and Bioenergy, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, China
| | - Xiaoyun Jia
- College of Agriculture, Institute of Molecular Agriculture and Bioenergy, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, China.
| | - Ruiyan Ma
- College of Plant Protection, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, China.
| | - Runzhi Li
- College of Agriculture, Institute of Molecular Agriculture and Bioenergy, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, China.
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8
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Soleimani khorramdashti M, Samipoor Giri M, Majidian N. Extraction lipids from chlorella vulgaris by supercritical CO2 for biodiesel production. SOUTH AFRICAN JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sajce.2021.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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9
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Serrano G, Miranda-Ostojic C, Ferrada P, Wulff-Zotelle C, Maureira A, Fuentealba E, Gallardo K, Zapata M, Rivas M. Response to Static Magnetic Field-Induced Stress in Scenedesmus obliquus and Nannochloropsis gaditana. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:md19090527. [PMID: 34564189 PMCID: PMC8468276 DOI: 10.3390/md19090527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Magnetic fields in biological systems is a promising research field; however, their application for microalgae has not been fully exploited. This work aims to measure the enzymatic activity and non-enzymatic activity of two microalgae species in terms of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and carotenoids, respectively, in response to static magnetic fields-induced stress. Two magnet configurations (north and south) and two exposure modes (continuous and pulse) were applied. Two microalgae species were considered, the Scenedesmus obliquus and Nannochloropsis gaditana. The SOD activity increased by up to 60% in S. obliquus under continuous exposure. This trend was also found for CAT in the continuous mode. Conversely, under the pulse mode, its response was hampered as the SOD and CAT were reduced. For N. gaditana, SOD increased by up to 62% with the south configuration under continuous exposure. In terms of CAT, there was a higher activity of up to 19%. Under the pulsed exposure, SOD activity was up to 115%. The CAT in this microalga was increased by up to 29%. For N. gaditana, a significant increase of over 40% in violaxanthin production was obtained compared to the control, when the microalgae were exposed to SMF as a pulse. Depending on the exposure mode and species, this methodology can be used to produce oxidative stress and obtain an inhibitory or enhanced response in addition to the significant increase in the production of antioxidant pigments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Génesis Serrano
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología Ambiental Aplicada, Departamento de Biotecnología, Universidad de Antofagasta, Av. Angamos 601, Antofagasta 1270300, Chile; (G.S.); (C.M.-O.); (A.M.); (M.Z.)
| | - Carol Miranda-Ostojic
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología Ambiental Aplicada, Departamento de Biotecnología, Universidad de Antofagasta, Av. Angamos 601, Antofagasta 1270300, Chile; (G.S.); (C.M.-O.); (A.M.); (M.Z.)
| | - Pablo Ferrada
- Centro de Desarrollo Energético Antofagasta, Universidad de Antofagasta, Av. Angamos 601, Antofagasta 1270300, Chile;
- Correspondence: (P.F.); (M.R.)
| | - Cristian Wulff-Zotelle
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular, Molecular y Genética, Departamento Biomédico, Universidad de Antofagasta, Av. Angamos 601, Antofagasta 1270300, Chile;
| | - Alejandro Maureira
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología Ambiental Aplicada, Departamento de Biotecnología, Universidad de Antofagasta, Av. Angamos 601, Antofagasta 1270300, Chile; (G.S.); (C.M.-O.); (A.M.); (M.Z.)
| | - Edward Fuentealba
- Centro de Desarrollo Energético Antofagasta, Universidad de Antofagasta, Av. Angamos 601, Antofagasta 1270300, Chile;
| | - Karem Gallardo
- Centro de Investigación Tecnológica de Agua en el Desierto (CEITSAZA), Universidad Católica del Norte, Av. Angamos 0610, Antofagasta 1270709, Chile;
| | - Manuel Zapata
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología Ambiental Aplicada, Departamento de Biotecnología, Universidad de Antofagasta, Av. Angamos 601, Antofagasta 1270300, Chile; (G.S.); (C.M.-O.); (A.M.); (M.Z.)
| | - Mariella Rivas
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología Ambiental Aplicada, Departamento de Biotecnología, Universidad de Antofagasta, Av. Angamos 601, Antofagasta 1270300, Chile; (G.S.); (C.M.-O.); (A.M.); (M.Z.)
- Correspondence: (P.F.); (M.R.)
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Fawzy MA, El-Otify AM, Adam MS, Moustafa SSA. The impact of abiotic factors on the growth and lipid accumulation of some green microalgae for sustainable biodiesel production. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:42547-42561. [PMID: 33813694 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-13781-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Three species of freshwater planktonic green microalgae: Ankistrodesmus braunii, Ankistrodesmus falcatus, and Scenedesmus incrassatulus, were isolated from the Nile water in Upper Egypt. These microalgae were exposed to nutritional (nitrogen, phosphorus, and iron) limitations and salinity stress to study their effects on the algal growth and to elevate the lipid content within their cells. The results indicated that exposure to these conditions had a significant impact on the algal growth. The lipid content of the studied algae increased as a result of the salinity stress. The highest lipid content was recorded in A. braunii culture treated with 50 mM NaCl (34.4% of dry weight) and S. incrassatulus cultures treated with 100 mM NaCl (37.7% of dry weight) on the 6th day of cultivation, while the culture of A. falcatus treated with 100 mM NaCl recorded the maximum lipid content (53% of dry weight) on the 10th day of the experiment. The biodiesel quality parameters of the fatty acid methyl ester profile of S. incrassatulus appeared to be in agreement with the international criteria. S. incrassatulus could be regarded as a quite promising feedstock for the biodiesel production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa A Fawzy
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia.
- Botany & Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut, 71516, Egypt.
| | - Ahmed M El-Otify
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Aswan University, Aswan, 81528, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud S Adam
- Botany & Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut, 71516, Egypt
| | - Safaa S A Moustafa
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Aswan University, Aswan, 81528, Egypt
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Nutrient deficiency and an algicidal bacterium improved the lipid profiles of a novel promising oleaginous dinoflagellate, Prorocentrum donghaiense, for biodiesel production. Appl Environ Microbiol 2021; 87:e0115921. [PMID: 34319787 PMCID: PMC8436737 DOI: 10.1128/aem.01159-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The lipid production potential of 8 microalgae species was investigated. Among these eight species, the best strain was a dominant bloom-causing dinoflagellate, Prorocentrum donghaiense; this species had a lipid content of 49.32±1.99% and exhibited a lipid productivity of 95.47±0.99 mg L-1 d-1, which was 2-fold higher than the corresponding values obtained for the oleaginous microalgae Nannochloropsis gaditana and Phaeodactylum tricornutum. P. donghaiense, which is enriched in C16:0 and C22:6, is appropriate for commercial DHA production. Nitrogen or phosphorus stress markedly induced lipid accumulation to levels surpassing 75% of the dry weight, increased the C18:0 and C17:1 contents, and decreased the C18:5 and C22:6 contents, and these effects resulted in decreases in the unsaturated fatty-acid levels and changes in the lipid properties of P. donghaiense such that the species met the biodiesel specification standards. Compared with the results obtained under N-deficient conditions, the enhancement in the activity of alkaline phosphatase of P. donghaiense observed under P-deficient conditions could partly alleviate the adverse effects on the photosynthetic system exerted by P deficiency to induce the production of more carbohydrates for lipogenesis. The supernatant of the algicidal bacterium Paracoccus sp. Y42 culture lysed P. donghaiense without decreasing its lipid content, which resulted in facilitation of the downstream oil extraction process and energy savings through the lysis of algal cells. The Y42 supernatant treatment improved the lipid profiles of algal cells by increasing their C16:0, C18:0 and C18:1 contents and decreasing their C18:5 and C22:6 contents, which is favourable for biodiesel production. IMPORTANCE This study demonstrates the high potential of P. donghaiense, a dominant bloom-causing dinoflagellate, for lipid production. Compared with previously studied oleaginous microalgae, P. donghaiense exhibit greater potential for practical application due to its higher biomass and lipid contents. Nutrient deficiency and the algicidal bacterium Paracoccus sp. Y42 could improve the suitability of the lipid profile of P. donghaiense for biodiesel production. Furthermore, Paracoccus sp. Y42 effectively lyse algal cells, which facilitates the downstream oil extraction process for biodiesel production and results in energy savings through the lysing of algal cells. This study provides a more promising candidate for the production of DHA for human nutritional products and of microalgal biofuel, as well as a more cost-effective method for breaking algal cells. The high lipid productivity of P. donghaiense and algal cell lysis by algicidal bacteria contribute to reductions in the production cost of microalgal oil.
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Catalyst derived from wastes for biofuel production: a critical review and patent landscape analysis. APPLIED NANOSCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s13204-021-01948-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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13
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Vimali E, Jayaram M, Vignesh NS, Ashokkumar B, Ganeshmoorthy I, Sivasubramanian V, Varalakshmi P. Biodegradation of Used Motor Oil and Biofuel Production by Microalgae
Coelastrella
sp. M60 and
Scenedesmus
sp. VJ1. Chem Eng Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ceat.202000494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elamathi Vimali
- Madurai Kamaraj University Department of Molecular Microbiology School of Biotechnology 625021 Madurai, Tamil Nadu India
| | - Moorthy Jayaram
- Madurai Kamaraj University Department of Molecular Microbiology School of Biotechnology 625021 Madurai, Tamil Nadu India
| | - Nagamalai Sakthi Vignesh
- Madurai Kamaraj University Department of Molecular Microbiology School of Biotechnology 625021 Madurai, Tamil Nadu India
| | - Balasubramaniem Ashokkumar
- Madurai Kamaraj University Department of Genetic Engineering School of Biotechnology 625021 Madurai Tamil Nadu India
| | - Innacimuthu Ganeshmoorthy
- Kamaraj College of Engineering and Technology Department of Biotechnology 625701 Vellakulam Tamil Nadu India
| | | | - Perumal Varalakshmi
- Madurai Kamaraj University Department of Molecular Microbiology School of Biotechnology 625021 Madurai, Tamil Nadu India
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Das S, Nath K, Chowdhury R. Comparative studies on biomass productivity and lipid content of a novel blue-green algae during autotrophic and heterotrophic growth. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:12107-12118. [PMID: 32613502 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-09577-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Algae have long been acclaimed as the attractive renewable source for generating third-generation biofuels, particularly biodiesel. Under the present investigation, the trends of production of biomass and lipid during the autotrophic and heterotrophic growth of newly isolated blue-green algae, Leptolyngbya subtilis JUCHE1, were compared and correlated with the variation in C-sources. In the autotrophic and heterotrophic growth studies, CO2 and glycerol were respectively used as the inorganic and organic C-sources maintaining equivalence in the initial amount of carbon. Light was used as the source of energy in both cases. The concentration of CO2 in the feed gas stream was varied from 5 to 20% (% v/v). Equivalent quantity of carbon was supplied through glycerol during heterotrophic growth. Small-scale closed algal bioreactors were used for growing the algae at 37 °C and 2.5 kLux light illumination in batch mode for 0-4 days. Primarily, higher biomass production from glycerol compared with CO2 was observed. In case of photoautotrophic growth, the maximum values of biomass and lipid productivity, obtained at 15% CO2, were 0.1857 g/L/d and of 0.020 g/L/d respectively. The maximum biomass productivity of 0.2733 g/L/d was obtained for photoheterotrophic growth at a glycerol concentration equivalent to 15% CO2 (v/v). Under photoheterotrophic growth of Leptolyngbya subtilis JUCHE1, lipid productivity of 0.0702 g/L/d was obtained at glycerol concentration equivalent to 5% (v/v) CO2, which is 4.66-fold higher than that obtained under corresponding photoautotrophic condition. The "switch-over" from the autotrophy to the photoheterotrophy instigated the oleaginous anabolism and consequent lipid enrichment in L. subtilis JUCHE1, which can be extracted and converted to biodiesel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumona Das
- Chemical Engineering Department, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, 700032, India
| | - Kaustav Nath
- Chemical Engineering Department, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, 700032, India
| | - Ranjana Chowdhury
- Chemical Engineering Department, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, 700032, India.
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15
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Das S, Nath K, Gupta VK, Chowdhury R. Studies on power plant algae: assessment of growth kinetics and bio-char production from slow pyrolysis process. Chem Ind 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/00194506.2020.1845987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sumona Das
- Chemical Engineering Department, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India
| | - Kaustav Nath
- Chemical Engineering Department, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India
| | - Vivek Kumar Gupta
- Chemical Engineering Department, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India
| | - Ranjana Chowdhury
- Chemical Engineering Department, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India
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16
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Lin YS, Tsang S, Bensalem S, Tsai CC, Chen SJ, Sun CL, Lopes F, Le Pioufle B, Wang HY. Electrorotation of single microalgae cells during lipid accumulation for assessing cellular dielectric properties and total lipid contents. Biosens Bioelectron 2020; 173:112772. [PMID: 33232922 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2020.112772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Photosynthetic microalgae not only perform fixation of carbon dioxide but also produce valuable byproducts such as lipids and pigments. However, due to the lack of effective tools for rapid and noninvasive analysis of microalgal cellular contents, the efficiency of strain screening and culture optimizing is usually quite low. This study applied single-cell electrorotation on Scenedesmus abundans to assess cellular dielectric properties during lipid accumulation and to promptly quantify total cellular contents. The experimental electrorotation spectra were fitted with the double-shell ellipsoidal model, which considered varying cell wall thickness, to obtain the dielectric properties of cellular compartments. When the amount of total lipids increased from 15.3 wt% to 33.8 wt%, the conductivity and relative permittivity of the inner core (composed of the cytoplasm, lipid droplets, and nucleus) decreased by 21.7% and 22.5%, respectively. These dielectric properties were further used to estimate the total cellular lipid contents by the general mixing formula, and the estimated values agreed with those obtained by weighing dry biomass and extracted lipids with an error as low as 0.22 wt%. Additionally, the conductivity and relative permittivity of cell wall increased during nitrogen-starvation conditions, indicating the thickening of cell wall, which was validated by the transmission electron microscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Sheng Lin
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan; ENS Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut d'Alembert, SATIE, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, 91190, France
| | - Sung Tsang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Sakina Bensalem
- ENS Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut d'Alembert, SATIE, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, 91190, France; CentraleSupélec, LGPM, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, 91190, France
| | - Ching-Chu Tsai
- Institute of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Shiang-Jiuun Chen
- Institute of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Li Sun
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Filipa Lopes
- CentraleSupélec, LGPM, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, 91190, France
| | - Bruno Le Pioufle
- ENS Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut d'Alembert, LUMIN, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, 91190, France
| | - Hsiang-Yu Wang
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan.
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17
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Influence of nutrient status on the biohydrogen and lipid productivity in Parachlorella kessleri: a biorefinery approach. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 104:10293-10305. [PMID: 33025127 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-020-10930-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Revised: 09/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The commercial reality of microalgal biotechnology for the production of individual bioactives is constrained by the high cost of production and requires a biorefinery approach. In this investigation, we examined the influence of different nutrient deprivation (nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), sulphur (S) and manganese (Mn)) on growth, chlorophyll a (Chl a), biohydrogen (H2) and fatty acid profiles in Parachlorella kessleri EMCCN 3073 under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions. Anaerobic conditions combined with the nutrient deprivation resulted in cell division blockage, reduction in Chl a and remarkable changes in pH, whereas a significant increase in the H2 production was observed after 24 h. The highest cumulative H2 productivity was observed in N-deficient medium (300 μL/L, day 9) followed by Mn-deficient medium (250 μL/L, day 7). The highest H2 production rate (3.37 μL/L/h) was achieved by Mn-deficient medium after 24 h. In terms of fatty acid composition, P. kessleri exhibited a differential response to different nutrient stresses. Under aerobic conditions, N-deficient media resulted in the highest lipid content (119% compared to control, day 7), whereas earlier lipid induction at (1-3 days) was observed with Mn- and S-deficient media with 18-91% and 25-34% increase, respectively, compared with the replete control. Meanwhile, higher lipid content was observed under anaerobic conditions combined with Mn-, N-, P- and S-deprived media (day 1) with 20%, 13%, 8% and 7% increases respectively compared with the control. This investigation, for the first time clearly, highlights the potential of P. kessleri as a sustainable biorefinery platform, for H2 and fatty acid bio-production under anaerobic conditions. KEY POINTS: • Parachlorella kessleri could provide a future sustainable biorefinery platform. • Nutrient-deprived anaerobic conditions blocked cell growth but differentially induced H2 production. • Nutrient status, under both aerobic/anaerobic conditions, alters lipids and fatty acids profile of P. kessleri. • Nutrient-deprived (N- and Mn-) anaerobic conditions: future biorefinery platform.
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18
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Rugnini L, Rossi C, Antonaroli S, Rakaj A, Bruno L. The Influence of Light and Nutrient Starvation on Morphology, Biomass and Lipid Content in Seven Strains of Green Microalgae as a Source of Biodiesel. Microorganisms 2020; 8:microorganisms8081254. [PMID: 32824816 PMCID: PMC7464752 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8081254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of clean and renewable energy sources is currently one of the most important challenges facing the world. Although research interests in algae-based energy have been increasing in the last decade, only a small percentage of the bewildering diversity exhibited by microalgae has been investigated for biodiesel production. In this work, seven strains of green microalgae belonging to the genera Scenedesmus, Tetradesmus and Desmodesmus were grown in liquid medium with or without a nitrogen (N) source—at two different irradiances (120 ± 20 and 200 ± 20 μmol photons m−2 s−1)—to evaluate biomass production and FAME (fatty acid methyl esters) content for biodiesel production. The strains of Tetradesmus obliquus and Desmodesmus abundans grown in N-deprived medium showed the highest FAME content (22.0% and 34.6%, respectively); lipid profile characterization highlighted the abundance of saturated FAME (as C16:0 and C18:0) that favors better viscosity (flow properties) and applicability of biodiesel at low temperatures. Light microscopy and confocal laser scanning microscopy observations were employed as a fast method to monitor the vital status of cells and lipid droplet accumulation after Nile red staining in different culture conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenza Rugnini
- LBA-Laboratory of Biology of Algae, Department of Biology, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, via Cracovia 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (L.R.); (C.R.)
| | - Catia Rossi
- LBA-Laboratory of Biology of Algae, Department of Biology, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, via Cracovia 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (L.R.); (C.R.)
| | - Simonetta Antonaroli
- Department of Chemical Sciences and Technologies, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, Italy;
| | - Arnold Rakaj
- Laboratory of Experimental Ecology and Aquaculture, Department of Biology, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, via Cracovia 1, 00133 Rome, Italy;
| | - Laura Bruno
- LBA-Laboratory of Biology of Algae, Department of Biology, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, via Cracovia 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (L.R.); (C.R.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-3383784941
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19
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Jo SW, Do JM, Na H, Hong JW, Kim IS, Yoon HS. Assessment of biomass potentials of microalgal communities in open pond raceways using mass cultivation. PeerJ 2020; 8:e9418. [PMID: 32742771 PMCID: PMC7369025 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.9418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Metagenome studies have provided us with insights into the complex interactions of microorganisms with their environments and hosts. Few studies have focused on microalgae-associated metagenomes, and no study has addressed aquatic microalgae and their bacterial communities in open pond raceways (OPRs). This study explored the possibility of using microalgal biomasses from OPRs for biodiesel and biofertilizer production. The fatty acid profiles of the biomasses and the physical and chemical properties of derived fuels were evaluated. In addition, the phenotype-based environmental adaptation ability of soybean plants was assessed. The growth rate, biomass, and lipid productivity of microalgae were also examined during mass cultivation from April to November 2017. Metagenomics analysis using MiSeq identified ∼127 eukaryotic phylotypes following mass cultivation with (OPR 1) or without (OPR 3) a semitransparent film. Of these, ∼80 phylotypes were found in both OPRs, while 23 and 24 phylotypes were identified in OPRs 1 and 3, respectively. The phylotypes belonged to various genera, such as Desmodesmus, Pseudopediastrum, Tetradesmus, and Chlorella, of which, the dominant microalgal species was Desmodesmus sp. On average, OPRs 1 and 3 produced ∼8.6 and 9.9 g m−2 d−1 (0.307 and 0.309 DW L−1) of total biomass, respectively, of which 14.0 and 13.3 wt% respectively, was lipid content. Fatty acid profiling revealed that total saturated fatty acids (mainly C16:0) of biodiesel obtained from the microalgal biomasses in OPRs 1 and 3 were 34.93% and 32.85%, respectively; total monounsaturated fatty acids (C16:1 and C18:1) were 32.40% and 31.64%, respectively; and polyunsaturated fatty acids (including C18:3) were 32.68% and 35.50%, respectively. Fuel properties determined by empirical equations were within the limits of biodiesel standards ASTM D6751 and EN 14214. Culture solutions with or without microalgal biomasses enhanced the environmental adaptation ability of soybean plants, increasing their seed production. Therefore, microalgal biomass produced through mass cultivation is excellent feedstock for producing high-quality biodiesel and biofertilizer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Woo Jo
- Department of Energy Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Jeong-Mi Do
- Department of Biology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea.,School of Life Sciences, BK21 Plus KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Ho Na
- Department of Biology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea.,School of Life Sciences, BK21 Plus KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Ji Won Hong
- Department of Hydrogen and Renewable Energy, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Il-Sup Kim
- Advanced Bio-resource Research Center, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Ho-Sung Yoon
- Department of Energy Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea.,Department of Biology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea.,School of Life Sciences, BK21 Plus KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea.,Advanced Bio-resource Research Center, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
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20
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Nitrogen Deficiency-Dependent Abiotic Stress Enhances Carotenoid Production in Indigenous Green Microalga Scenedesmus rubescens KNUA042, for Use as a Potential Resource of High Value Products. SUSTAINABILITY 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/su12135445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The microalgal strain Scenedesmus rubescens KNUA042 was identified in freshwater in Korea and characterized by evaluating its stress responses in an effort to increase lipid and carotenoid production. Under a two-stage cultivation process, the algal strain that generally exhibits optimal growth at a nitrate (source of nitrogen) concentration of 0.25 g L−1 was challenged to different exogenous stimuli—salinity (S), light intensity (L), combined L and S (LS), and nitrogen deficiency (C)—for 14 days. Lipid production and carotenoid concentration increased in a time-dependent manner under these physicochemical conditions during the culture periods. Lipid accumulation was confirmed by thin layer chromatography, BODIPY staining, and fatty acid composition analysis, which showed no differences in the algal cells tested under all four (C, S, L, and LS) conditions. The quality of biodiesel produced from the biomass of the algal cells met the American Society for Testing and Materials and the European standards. Total carotenoid content was increased in the LS-treated algal cells (6.94 mg L−1) compared with that in the C-, S-, and L-treated algal cells 1.75, 4.15, and 1.32 mg L−1, respectively). Accordingly, the concentration of canthaxanthin and astaxanthin was also maximized in the LS-treated algal cells at 1.73 and 1.11 mg g−1, respectively, whereas lutein showed no differences in the cells analyzed. Conversely, chlorophyll a level was similar among the C-, S-, and LS-treated algal cells, except for the L-treated algal cells. Thus, our results suggested that S. rubescens KNUA042 was capable of producing carotenoid molecules, which led to the maximum values of canthaxanthin and astaxanthin concentrations when exposed to the combined LS condition compared with that observed when exposed to the salinity condition alone. This indicates that the algal strain could be used for the production of high-value products as well as biofuel. Furthermore, this article provides the first evidence of carotenoid production in S. rubescens KNUA042.
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21
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Sureshkumar P, Thomas J. Exploring the distinctiveness of biomass and biomolecules from limnic microalgae of unexplored waters of Noyyal River, Western Ghats, for exploitation. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:23309-23322. [PMID: 32337670 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-08921-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Oleaginous microalgae with high biomass productivity, lipid content, and lipid productivity are desirable for sustainable biofuel production. Rapid and accurate quantification of lipid content facilitates the identification of promising microalgae candidates. In the present study, 23 freshwater microalgae species from river Noyyal were isolated and identified based on their morphological and molecular (18S rRNA) features and recorded as Karunya Algae Culture Collection (KACC). Their biomass and lipid content were characterized and screened using FT-IR, Nile red staining, and gravimetric method. Results generated from FT-IR spectra differentiated KACC microalgae based on their biochemical contents with Scenedesmus rubescens KACC 2 and Chlorococcum sp. KACC 13 possessed high total protein and lipid content, respectively. Nile red fluorescence at 530/575 nm showed the yellow fluorescence under a fluorescent microscope giving the evidence of high neutral lipids in 10 KACC microalgae isolates. Total lipid content showed prominent variation between the KACC isolates and found in the range of 4 to 32% of DW. Lipid productivity and biomass productivity showed a similar pattern among KACC strains. Thus, our findings serve as a baseline data on the bioprospecting potential of KACC isolates from river Noyyal, an unexplored area of Western Ghats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pandian Sureshkumar
- Algae Biomass Research Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, School of Agriculture and Biosciences, Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641 114, India
| | - Jibu Thomas
- Algae Biomass Research Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, School of Agriculture and Biosciences, Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641 114, India.
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22
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Yin Z, Zhu L, Li S, Hu T, Chu R, Mo F, Hu D, Liu C, Li B. A comprehensive review on cultivation and harvesting of microalgae for biodiesel production: Environmental pollution control and future directions. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 301:122804. [PMID: 31982297 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.122804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Revised: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Biodiesel is one of the best promising candidates in response to the energy crisis, since it has the capability to minimize most of the environmental problems. Microalgae, as the feedstock of third-generation biodiesel, are considered as one of the most sustainable resources. However, microalgae production for biodiesel feedstock on a large scale is still limited, because of the influences of lipid contents, biomass productivities, lipid extraction technologies, the water used in microalgae cultivation and processes of biomass harvesting. This paper firstly reviews the recent advances in microalgae cultivation and growth processes. Subsequently, current microalgae harvesting technologies are summarized and flocculation mechanisms are analyzed, while the characteristics that the ideal harvesting methods should have are summarized. This review also summarizes the environmental pollution control performances and the key challenges in future. The key suggestions and conclusions in the paper can offer a promising roadmap for the cost-effective biodiesel production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihong Yin
- School of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass-Resources Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology, and Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Sustainable Resource and Energy, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, PR China
| | - Liandong Zhu
- School of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass-Resources Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology, and Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Sustainable Resource and Energy, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, PR China; Faculty of Technology, and Vaasa Energy Institute, University of Vaasa, PO Box 700, FI-65101 Vaasa, Finland.
| | - Shuangxi Li
- School of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass-Resources Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology, and Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Sustainable Resource and Energy, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, PR China
| | - Tianyi Hu
- School of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass-Resources Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology, and Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Sustainable Resource and Energy, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, PR China
| | - Ruoyu Chu
- School of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass-Resources Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology, and Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Sustainable Resource and Energy, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, PR China
| | - Fan Mo
- School of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass-Resources Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology, and Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Sustainable Resource and Energy, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, PR China
| | - Dan Hu
- School of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass-Resources Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology, and Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Sustainable Resource and Energy, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, PR China
| | - Chenchen Liu
- School of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass-Resources Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology, and Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Sustainable Resource and Energy, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, PR China
| | - Bin Li
- School of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass-Resources Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology, and Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Sustainable Resource and Energy, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, PR China
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23
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Lipid Induction in Scenedesmus abundans GH-D11 by Reusing the Volatile Fatty Acids in the Effluent of Dark Anaerobic Fermentation of Biohydrogen. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2020; 191:258-272. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-020-03294-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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24
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Morowvat MH, Ghasemi Y. Effects of Sulfur Starvation on Growth Rates, Biomass and Lipid Contents in the Green Microalga Scenedesmus obliquus. Recent Pat Biotechnol 2020; 14:145-153. [PMID: 31916524 DOI: 10.2174/1872208314666200109103059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Revised: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Scenedesmus obliquus, a green unicellular chlorophycean microalga, is well-established as a lipid and biomass production platform. The nutrient starvation strategy is considered as a robust platform for lipid production from different microalgal strains. OBJECTIVE The study aimed to analyse the influences of sulfur starvation on the growth rates, and also biomass and lipid production and composition in a naturally isolated strain of S. obliquus. METHODS The BG-11 culture medium was utilized for preservation and microalgal growth. To monitor the cell growth rates, two different methods, including direct cell counting and also dry cell weight measurement were used. The study was conducted in 28 days composed of two distinct growth modes as 10 days of sulfur-rich and 18 days of sulfur starved media. RESULTS The studied S. obliquus strain displayed higher lipid and carbohydrate production levels (34.68% and 34.02%) in sulfur starved medium compared with the sulfur-rich medium (25.84% and 29.08%). Nevertheless, a noticeable reduction (51.36%) in biomass contents and also in cell growth rates (63.36%) was observed during sulfur starvation. The investigated strain was composed of some important fatty acids with potential applications as food, feed and biodiesel. CONCLUSION The observed results implied the possibility of the sulfur starvation strategy to increase lipid production in S. obliquus strain. Besides, the available data from recently published patents reveals the promising potential of the identified lipids from S. obliquus in this study for bioenergy production and other biotechnological purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad H Morowvat
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 71468-64685, Shiraz, Iran.,Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 71468-64685, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Younes Ghasemi
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 71468-64685, Shiraz, Iran.,Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 71468-64685, Shiraz, Iran
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25
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Duan Y, Guo X, Yang J, Zhang M, Li Y. Nutrients recycle and the growth of Scenedesmus obliquus in synthetic wastewater under different sodium carbonate concentrations. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2020; 7:191214. [PMID: 32218952 PMCID: PMC7029939 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.191214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This study illustrated the growth of Scenedesmus obliquus and recycle of nutrients in wastewater combined with inorganic carbon under autotrophic conditions. Scenedesmus obliquus was cultivated under different conditions by adding sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) at 15-40 mg l-1 separately in wastewater containing high nitrogen and phosphorus content. The growth characteristics of S. obliquus, pH and dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) changes of microalgae liquid, the recycle rate of ammonia and phosphorus and lipid content were determined. The changes of pH and DIC showed that S. obliquus could use Na2CO3 to grow, with lipid contents of 18-25%. Among all Na2CO3 concentrations, 20 mg l-1 was the optimum, of which S. obliquus had the highest NH3-N recycle of 52% and P O 4 3 - P recycle of 67%. By the 14th day, its biomass production also reaches the maximum of 0.21 g l-1. However, inorganic carbon fixation rate was inversely proportional to its concentration. Moreover, the biomass was in positive correlation with the Na2CO3 concentration except 20 mg l-1, which provided a possibility that S. obliquus could be acclimatized to adjust to high concentrations of inorganic carbon to promote biomass accumulation and recycle of nutrients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Duan
- Author for correspondence: Yun Duan e-mail:
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26
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Production of α-linolenic Acid by an Oleaginous Green Algae Acutodesmus obliquus Isolated from Malaysia. JOURNAL OF PURE AND APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.22207/jpam.13.3.01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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27
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Pandey MK, Dasgupta CN, Mishra S, Srivastava M, Gupta VK, Suseela MR, Ramteke PW. Bioprospecting microalgae from natural algal bloom for sustainable biomass and biodiesel production. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 103:5447-5458. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-019-09856-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2018] [Revised: 04/05/2019] [Accepted: 04/14/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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28
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Mahesh R, Naira VR, Maiti SK. Concomitant production of fatty acid methyl ester (biodiesel) and exopolysaccharides using efficient harvesting technology in flat panel photobioreactor with special sparging system via Scenedesmus abundans. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 278:231-241. [PMID: 30703641 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.01.091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Revised: 01/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Current study focusses on the concomitant production of fatty acid methyl ester (FAME, biodiesel) and exopolysaccharides (EPS) from Scenedesmus abundans cell factory in flat panel photobioreactor using cost effective harvesting strategy. Parallel mini and medium scale flat panel photobioreactors (PBRs) with special gas sparging system enabling high gas to liquid mass transfer and efficient mixing were designed. Biomass titer of 6.9 g/l with overall biomass productivity of 1.2 g/l/day was achieved with constant high light intensity of 2162 µE/m2/s in growth phase (134 h) using optimum nutrient concentration. FAME concentration of 1.53 g/l was achieved after 15 days of nitrogen deprivation condition with productivity of 67 mg/l/day. The EPS production of 236 mg/l with a yield of 37 mg/g biomass was achieved. The strain proved its capability to produce multiproducts simultaneously in a single stage PBR by natural autoflocculation harvesting technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Mahesh
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India
| | - Venkateswara R Naira
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India
| | - Soumen K Maiti
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India.
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Chandra R, Ghosh UK. Effects of various abiotic factors on biomass growth and lipid yield of Chlorella minutissima for sustainable biodiesel production. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:3848-3861. [PMID: 30539390 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-3696-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In this study, effects of different abiotic factors were studied on biomass and lipid yield of green microalga Chlorella minutissima (C. minutissima) Various concentrations of abiotic factors like nitrogen, phosphorus, glucose, iron, zinc, different values of pH, temperature, light intensity and different photoperiods were observed on the biomass growth and lipid yield of C. minutissima cultivated with modified CHU-13 medium. Initially, three cultivation media namely, Bold's basal medium (BBM), modified CHU-13 and blue-green-11 (BG-11) were used to culture C. minutissima in batch mode. Microalga cultivated with modified CHU-13 medium resulted in maximum biomass and lipid yield of 970 ± 0.21 and 356.63 ± 0.51 mg/L, respectively. To maximize biomass and lipid yield of microalga further, it was cultivated with modified CHU-13 medium and variation of above mentioned abiotic factors was done. Different biomass and lipid yields were achieved for different abiotic factors varied. Highest biomass of 1840.49 ± 0.62 mg/L was achieved with 12 g of glucose containing medium and highest lipid yield of 579.86 ± 0.76 mg/L was achieved with 0.3 g of nitrogen containing medium. GC-MS analysis of biodiesel obtained from C. minutissima biomass cultivated with modified CHU-13 medium shown the presence of C14:0, C16:0, C16:1, C18:0, C18:1, C18:2, C18:3, C20:0, C20:1 and C22:0. Properties of biodiesel obtained from C. minutissima were found in compliance with ASTM-6751-02 and European biodiesel standards EN14214. These results suggest that C. minutissima can be used as a potential biodiesel feedstock for microalgal biodiesel production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh Chandra
- Bioenergy Research Laboratory, Department of Polymer and Process Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee (Saharanpur Campus), Saharanpur, Uttar Pradesh, 247001, India.
| | - Uttam Kumar Ghosh
- Bioenergy Research Laboratory, Department of Polymer and Process Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee (Saharanpur Campus), Saharanpur, Uttar Pradesh, 247001, India
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El-Sheekh M, Abomohra AEF, Eladel H, Battah M, Mohammed S. Screening of different species of Scenedesmus isolated from Egyptian freshwater habitats for biodiesel production. RENEWABLE ENERGY 2018; 129:114-120. [DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2018.05.099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
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Evaluation of Chlorella sorokiniana isolated from local municipal wastewater for dual application in nutrient removal and biodiesel production. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2018; 42:425-433. [PMID: 30465129 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-018-2046-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The isolated microalga Chlorella sorokiniana BENHA721_ABO4 was grown in Bold's basal medium (BBM) as a control, municipal wastewater (WW), and wastewater enriched with BBM elements (WW+). Cultivation in WW+ showed the highest cell number which represented 25.3 and 47.3% over that grown in WW and BBM, respectively. However, rapid growth in WW+ was accompanied by significant reduction in lipid content. Due to lipid accumulation in WW, it showed the maximum significant lipid productivity of 16.2 mg L-1 day-1. Microalgae cultivation in WW for 10 days showed 74.2, 83.3, and 78.0% removal efficiency for NO3-N, NH3-N and TP, respectively. In addition, growth in WW significantly reduced polyunsaturated fatty acids by 36.0% with respect to BBM in favor of monounsaturated fatty acids. The present results confirmed that C. sorokiniana isolate BENHA721_ABO4 grown in secondary effluent municipal wastewater offers real potential for future application in wastewater treatment and biodiesel production.
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Jiang Y, Wang H, Zhao C, Huang F, Deng L, Wang W. Establishment of stable microalgal-bacterial consortium in liquid digestate for nutrient removal and biomass accumulation. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 268:300-307. [PMID: 30092483 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.07.142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Revised: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 07/27/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a microalgal-bacterial consortium (MBC) was established in liquid digestate (LD) by optimizing sequencing batch reactor (SBR) operating parameters and microalgae inoculation to address the abovementioned challenges. The bacteria from LD SBR-Activated Sludge System effluent under the optimum conditions of 25 °C, 7.0 g/L MLSS, 5 mg/L DO concentration, and 6 h hydraulic retention time with 0.5 mg/L DW Chlorella sp. BWY-1 could form stable MBCs outdoors in an airlift photoreactor. The stable MBC facilitates the continuous removal of nitrogen and phosphorus, promotes the accumulation of biomass and lipids, and contributes to the improvement of the sedimentation. The results from this study provided a new technique for the purification and utilization of LD, more importantly decreasing the environmental threat caused by improperly processed LD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiqi Jiang
- Biogas Institute of Ministry of Agriculture, Chengdu 610041, PR China; Key Laboratory of Development and Application of Rural Renewable Energy, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Hong Wang
- Biogas Institute of Ministry of Agriculture, Chengdu 610041, PR China; Key Laboratory of Development and Application of Rural Renewable Energy, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Caifang Zhao
- Sichuan Agriculture University, Chengdu 611130, PR China
| | - Fangyu Huang
- Biogas Institute of Ministry of Agriculture, Chengdu 610041, PR China; Key Laboratory of Development and Application of Rural Renewable Energy, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Liangwei Deng
- Biogas Institute of Ministry of Agriculture, Chengdu 610041, PR China; Key Laboratory of Development and Application of Rural Renewable Energy, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Wenguo Wang
- Biogas Institute of Ministry of Agriculture, Chengdu 610041, PR China; Key Laboratory of Development and Application of Rural Renewable Energy, Chengdu 610041, PR China.
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Shin YS, Choi HI, Choi JW, Lee JS, Sung YJ, Sim SJ. Multilateral approach on enhancing economic viability of lipid production from microalgae: A review. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 258:335-344. [PMID: 29555159 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2018] [Revised: 02/27/2018] [Accepted: 03/01/2018] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Microalgae have been rising as a feedstock for biofuel in response to the energy crisis. Due to a high lipid content, composed of fatty acids favorable for the biodiesel production, microalgae are still being investigated as an alternative to biodiesel. Environmental factors and process conditions can alternate the quality and the quantity of lipid produced by microalgae, which can be critical for the overall production of biodiesel. To maximize both the lipid content and the biomass productivity, it is necessary to start with robust algal strains and optimal physio-chemical properties of the culture environment in combination with a novel culture system. These accumulative approaches for cost reduction can take algal process one step closer in achieving the economic feasibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Sol Shin
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea University, 145, Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Hong Il Choi
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea University, 145, Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Won Choi
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea University, 145, Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Seop Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea University, 145, Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Joon Sung
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea University, 145, Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Jun Sim
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea University, 145, Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea.
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Rugnini L, Costa G, Congestri R, Antonaroli S, Sanità di Toppi L, Bruno L. Phosphorus and metal removal combined with lipid production by the green microalga Desmodesmus sp.: An integrated approach. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2018; 125:45-51. [PMID: 29413630 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2018.01.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2017] [Revised: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This work focused on the potential of Desmodesmus sp. to be employed for wastewater bioremediation and biodiesel production. The green microalga was grown in a culture medium with a phosphorus (P) content of 4.55 mg L-1 simulating an industrial effluent; it was also exposed to a bimetal solution of copper (Cu) and nickel (Ni) for 2 days. P removal was between 94 and 100%. After 2 days of exposure to metals, 94% of Cu and 85% of Ni were removed by Desmodesmus sp. Adsorption tests showed that the green microalga was able to remove up to 90% of Cu and 43% of Ni in less than 30 min. The presence of metals decreased the lipid yield, but biodiesel quality from the biomass obtained from metal exposed samples was higher than that grown without metals. This result revealed that this technology could offer a new alternative solution to environmental pollution and carbon-neutral fuel generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Rugnini
- LBA-Laboratory of Biology of Algae, Dept. of Biology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", via Cracovia 1, 00133, Rome, Italy.
| | - G Costa
- Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Dept. Civil Engineering and Computer Science Engineering, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", via del Politecnico, 00133, Rome, Italy.
| | - R Congestri
- LBA-Laboratory of Biology of Algae, Dept. of Biology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", via Cracovia 1, 00133, Rome, Italy.
| | - S Antonaroli
- Department of Chemical Sciences and Technologies, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", via della Ricerca Scientifica snc, 00133, Rome, Italy.
| | - L Sanità di Toppi
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Via L. Ghini 13, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
| | - L Bruno
- LBA-Laboratory of Biology of Algae, Dept. of Biology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", via Cracovia 1, 00133, Rome, Italy.
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Prasad MSV, Varma AK, Kumari P, Mondal P. Production of lipid-containing microalgal biomass and simultaneous removal of nitrate and phosphate from synthetic wastewater. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2018; 39:669-681. [PMID: 28327057 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2017.1310302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2016] [Accepted: 03/18/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The major concerns of the modern society such as increasing population, climate change and economic development are imposing continuous stress on water and energy resources. The present work deals with the cultivation of green algae Desmodesmus abundans for optimum biomass productivity and lipid content as well as simultaneous removal of nitrate and phosphate from synthetic wastewater. The algal biomass is characterized by ultimate analysis, scanning electron microscopic analysis and thermogravimetric analysis. The effect of time, inoculum concentration and nitrate concentration on four responses (biomass productivity, lipid content, removal of nitrate and removal of phosphate) are studied by response surface methodology using central composite design. The quadratic models are found to be suitable for each response. At optimized experimental conditions, the algae showed biomass productivity of 46.96 mg L-1 day-1, lipid content of 16.23%, nitrate removal of 86.64% and phosphate removal of 87.52% after 27 days, when the initial inoculum concentration was 6% and nitrate concentration was 1.25 g L-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S V Prasad
- a Department of Chemical Engineering , Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee , Roorkee , Uttarakhand , India
| | - A K Varma
- a Department of Chemical Engineering , Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee , Roorkee , Uttarakhand , India
| | - P Kumari
- a Department of Chemical Engineering , Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee , Roorkee , Uttarakhand , India
| | - P Mondal
- a Department of Chemical Engineering , Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee , Roorkee , Uttarakhand , India
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Ambati RR, Gogisetty D, Aswathanarayana RG, Ravi S, Bikkina PN, Bo L, Yuepeng S. Industrial potential of carotenoid pigments from microalgae: Current trends and future prospects. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2018; 59:1880-1902. [PMID: 29370540 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2018.1432561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Microalgae are rich source of various bioactive molecules such as carotenoids, lipids, fatty acids, hydrocarbons, proteins, carbohydrates, amino acids, etc. and in recent Years carotenoids from algae gained commercial recognition in the global market for food and cosmeceutical applications. However, the production of carotenoids from algae is not yet fully cost effective to compete with synthetic ones. In this context the present review examines the technologies/methods in relation to mass production of algae, cell harvesting for extraction of carotenoids, optimizing extraction methods etc. Research studies from different microalgal species such as Spirulina platensis, Haematococcus pluvialis, Dunaliella salina, Chlorella sps., Nannochloropsis sps., Scenedesmus sps., Chlorococcum sps., Botryococcus braunii and Diatoms in relation to carotenoid content, chemical structure, extraction and processing of carotenoids are discussed. Further these carotenoid pigments, are useful in various health applications and their use in food, feed, nutraceutical, pharmaceutical and cosmeceutical industries was briefly touched upon. The commercial value of algal carotenoids has also been discussed in this review. Possible recommendations for future research studies are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranga Rao Ambati
- a Food Science and Technology Programme, Beijing Normal University-Hong Kong Baptist University United International College , Tangjiawan, Zhuhai , Guangdong , China.,b Estuarine Fisheries Research Institute , Doumen, Zhuhai , Guangdong , China.,c Department of Biotechnology , Vignan's Foundation for Science, Technology and Research (Deemed to be University) , Vadlamudi, Guntur , Andhra Pradesh , India
| | - Deepika Gogisetty
- d Department of Chemistry , Sri Chaitanya Junior College , Tenali, Guntur , Andhra Pradesh , India
| | | | - Sarada Ravi
- f Plant Cell Biotechnology Department , Central Food Technological Research Institute, (Constituent Laboratory of Council of Scientific & Industrial Research) , Mysore , Karnataka , India
| | | | - Lei Bo
- a Food Science and Technology Programme, Beijing Normal University-Hong Kong Baptist University United International College , Tangjiawan, Zhuhai , Guangdong , China
| | - Su Yuepeng
- b Estuarine Fisheries Research Institute , Doumen, Zhuhai , Guangdong , China
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Mixed microalgae consortia growth under higher concentration of CO2 from unfiltered coal fired flue gas: Fatty acid profiling and biodiesel production. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2018; 179:126-133. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2018.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2017] [Revised: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Gayathri M, Shunmugam S, Mugasundari AV, Rahman PKSM, Muralitharan G. Growth kinetic and fuel quality parameters as selective criterion for screening biodiesel producing cyanobacterial strains. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 247:453-462. [PMID: 28965076 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.09.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2017] [Revised: 09/07/2017] [Accepted: 09/08/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The efficiency of cyanobacterial strains as biodiesel feedstock varies with the dwelling habitat. Fourteen indigenous heterocystous cyanobacterial strains from rice field ecosystem were screened based on growth kinetic and fuel parameters. The highest biomass productivity was obtained in Nostoc punctiforme MBDU 621 (19.22mg/L/day) followed by Calothrix sp. MBDU 701 (13.43mg/L/day). While lipid productivity and lipid content was highest in Nostoc spongiaeforme MBDU 704 (4.45mg/L/day and 22.5%dwt) followed by Calothrix sp. MBDU 701 (1.54mg/L/day and 10.75%dwt). Among the tested strains, Nostoc spongiaeforme MBDU 704 and Nostoc punctiforme MBDU 621 were selected as promising strains for good quality biodiesel production by Preference Ranking Organization Method for Enrichment Evaluation (PROMETHEE) and Graphical Analysis for Interactive Assistance (GAIA) analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manickam Gayathri
- Department of Microbiology, Centre of Excellence in Life Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Palkalaiperur, Tiruchirappalli 620 024, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Sumathy Shunmugam
- Department of Microbiology, Centre of Excellence in Life Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Palkalaiperur, Tiruchirappalli 620 024, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Arumugam Vanmathi Mugasundari
- Department of Microbiology, Centre of Excellence in Life Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Palkalaiperur, Tiruchirappalli 620 024, Tamilnadu, India
| | | | - Gangatharan Muralitharan
- Department of Microbiology, Centre of Excellence in Life Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Palkalaiperur, Tiruchirappalli 620 024, Tamilnadu, India.
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Moorthy RK, Premalatha M, Arumugam M. Batch Sedimentation Studies for Freshwater Green Alga Scenedesmus abundans Using Combination of Flocculants. Front Chem 2017; 5:37. [PMID: 28674686 PMCID: PMC5475385 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2017.00037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2017] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Microalga is the only feedstock that has the theoretical potential to completely replace the energy requirements derived from fossil fuels. However, commercialization of this potential source for fuel applications is hampered due to many technical challenges with harvesting of biomass being the most energy intensive process among them. The fresh water microalgal species, Scenedesmus abundans, has been widely recognized as a potential feedstock for production of biodiesel (Mandotra et al., 2014). The present work deals with sedimentation of algal biomass using extracted chitosan and natural bentonite clay powder as flocculant. The effect of flocculant combination and different factors such as temperature, pH, and concentration of algal biomass on sedimentation rates has been analyzed. A high flocculation efficiency of 76.22 ± 7.81% was obtained at an algal biomass concentration of 1 ± 0.05 g/L for a settling time of 1 h at 50 ± 5°C with a settling velocity of 103.2 ± 0.6 cm/h and a maximum surface conductivity of 2,260 ± 2 μS/cm using an optimal design in response surface methodology (RSM). Biopolymer flocculant such as chitosan exhibited better adsorption property along with bentonite clay powder that reduced the settling time significantly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raghu K Moorthy
- Department of Energy and Environment, National Institute of Technology, TiruchirappalliTiruchirappalli, India
| | - M Premalatha
- Department of Energy and Environment, National Institute of Technology, TiruchirappalliTiruchirappalli, India
| | - Muthu Arumugam
- Microbial Process and Technology Division, National Institute of Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR)Trivandrum, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)New Delhi, India
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Fawzy MA. Fatty Acid Characterization and Biodiesel Production by the Marine Microalga Asteromonas gracilis: Statistical Optimization of Medium for Biomass and Lipid Enhancement. MARINE BIOTECHNOLOGY (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2017; 19:219-231. [PMID: 28456869 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-017-9743-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2016] [Accepted: 02/13/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Lipid production is an important indicator for evaluating microalgal species for biodiesel production. In this study, a new green microalga was isolated from a salt lake in Egypt and identified as Asteromonas gracilis. The main parameters such as biomass productivity, lipid content, and lipid productivity were evaluated in A. gracilis, cultivated in nutrient-starved (nitrogen, phosphorous), and salinity stress as a one-factor-at-a-time method. These parameters in general did not vary significantly from the standard nutrient growth media when these factors were utilized separately. Hence, response surface methodology (RSM) was assessed to study the combinatorial effect of different concentrations of the abovementioned factor conditions and to maximize the biomass productivity, lipid content, and lipid productivity of A. gracilis by determining optimal concentrations. RSM optimized media, including 1.36 M NaCl, 1 g/L nitrogen, and 0.0 g/L phosphorus recorded maximum biomass productivity, lipid content, and lipid productivity (40.6 mg/L/day, 39.3%, and 15.9 mg/L/day, respectively) which agreed well with the predicted values (40.1 mg/L/day, 43.6%, and 14.6 mg/L/day, respectively). Fatty acid profile of A. gracilis was composed of C16:0, C16:1, C18:0, C18:3, C18:2, C18:1, and C20:5, and the properties of fuel were also in agreement with international standards. These results suggest that A. gracilis is a promising feedstock for biodiesel production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa A Fawzy
- Faculty of Science, Botany and Microbiology Department, Assiut University, Assiut, 71516, Egypt.
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Pandit PR, Fulekar MH, Karuna MSL. Effect of salinity stress on growth, lipid productivity, fatty acid composition, and biodiesel properties in Acutodesmus obliquus and Chlorella vulgaris. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:13437-13451. [PMID: 28386901 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-8875-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2016] [Accepted: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Two microalgae strains including Chlorella vulgaris and Acutodesmus obliquus were grown on BG11 medium with salinity stress ranging from 0.06 to 0.4 M NaCl. Highest lipid content in C. vulgaris and A. obliquus was 49 and 43% in BG11 amended with 0.4 M NaCl. The microalgal strains C. vulgaris and A. obliquus grow better at 0.06 M NaCl concentration than control condition. At 0.06 M NaCl, improved dry biomass content in C. vulgaris and A. obliquus was 0.92 and 0.68 gL-1, respectively. Stress biomarkers like reactive oxygen species, antioxidant enzyme catalase, and ascorbate peroxidase were also lowest at 0.06 M NaCl concentration revealing that both the microalgal strains are well acclimatized at 0.06 M NaCl concentration. The fatty acid composition of the investigated microalgal strains was also improved by increased NaCl concentration. At 0.4 M NaCl, palmitic acid (37%), oleic acid (15.5%), and linoleic acid (20%) were the dominant fatty acids in C. vulgaris while palmitic acid (54%) and stearic acid (26.6%) were major fatty acids found in A. obliquus. Fatty acid profiling of C. vulgaris and A. obliquus significantly varied with salinity concentration. Therefore, the study showed that salt stress is an effective stress that could increase not only the lipid content but also improved the fatty acid composition which could make C. vulgaris and A. obliquus potential strains for biodiesel production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priti Raj Pandit
- School of Environment and Sustainable Development, Central university of Gujarat, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Madhusudan H Fulekar
- School of Environment and Sustainable Development, Central university of Gujarat, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India.
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Gumbi ST, Majeke BM, Olaniran AO, Mutanda T. Isolation, Identification and High-Throughput Screening of Neutral Lipid Producing Indigenous Microalgae from South African Aquatic Habitats. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2016; 182:382-399. [PMID: 27864781 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-016-2333-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2016] [Accepted: 11/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Exploring indigenous microalgae capable of producing significant amounts of neutral lipids through high-throughput screening is crucial for sustainable biodiesel production. In this study, 31 indigenous microalgal strains were isolated from diverse aquatic habitats in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Eight superior lipid-producing strains were selected for further analysis, based on Nile red fluorescence microscopy screening. The microalgal isolates were identified to belong to the genera Chlorella, Neochloris and Chlamydomonas via morpho-taxonomic and molecular approach by 18S rRNA gene sequencing. Chlorella vulgaris PH2 had the highest specific growth rate (μ) and lowest doubling time of 0.24 day-1 and 2.89 ± 0.05 day-1, respectively. Chlorella vulgaris T4 had the highest biomass productivity of 35.71 ± 0.03 mg L-1day-1. Chlorella vulgaris PH2 had the highest lipid content of 34.28 ± 0.47 and 38 ± 9.2% (dcw) as determined by gravimetric analysis and the sulfo-phospho-vanillin (SPV) method, respectively. Chlorella vulgaris PH2 exhibited a high content of saturated fatty acids, while Chlorella sp. T4 exhibited a high total content of saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids with a low content of polyunsaturated fatty acids. The preponderance of neutral lipids suggests that Chlorella sp. T4 is a suitable candidate for biomass feedstock for biodiesel production.
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Affiliation(s)
- S T Gumbi
- Discipline of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, College of Agriculture Engineering and Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal (Westville Campus), Private Bag X54001, Durban, 4000, South Africa
| | - B M Majeke
- Discipline of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, College of Agriculture Engineering and Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal (Westville Campus), Private Bag X54001, Durban, 4000, South Africa
| | - A O Olaniran
- Discipline of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, College of Agriculture Engineering and Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal (Westville Campus), Private Bag X54001, Durban, 4000, South Africa
| | - T Mutanda
- Discipline of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, College of Agriculture Engineering and Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal (Westville Campus), Private Bag X54001, Durban, 4000, South Africa.
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Lipids rich in ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids from microalgae. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2016; 100:8667-84. [PMID: 27649964 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-016-7818-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2016] [Revised: 08/11/2016] [Accepted: 08/15/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Despite microalgae recently receiving enormous attention as a potential source of biodiesel, their use is still not feasible as an alternative to fossil fuels. Recently, interest in microalgae has focused on the production of bioactive compounds such as polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), which provide microalgae a high added value. Several considerations need to be assessed for optimizing PUFA production from microalgae. Firstly, a microalgae species that produces high PUFA concentrations should be selected, such as Nannochloropsis gaditana, Isochrysis galbana, Phaeodactylum tricornutum, and Crypthecodinium cohnii, with marine species gaining more attention than do freshwater species. Closed cultivation processes, e.g., photobioreactors, are the most appropriate since temperature, pH, and nutrients can be controlled. An airlift column with LEDs or optical fibers to distribute photons into the culture media can be used at small scale to produce inoculum, while tubular and flat panels are used at commercial scale. Depending on the microalgae, a temperature range from 15 to 28 °C and a pH from 7 to 8 can be employed. Relevant conditions for PUFA production are medium light irradiances (50-300 μmol photons m(-2) s(-1)), air enriched with (0-1 % (v/v) CO2, as well as nitrogen and phosphorous limitation. For research purposes, the most appropriate medium for PUFA production is Bold's Basal, whereas mixotrophic cultivation using sucrose or glucose as the carbon source has been reported for industrial processes. For cell harvesting, the use of tangential flow membrane filtration or disk stack centrifugation is advisable at commercial scale. Current researches on PUFA extraction have focused on the use of organic solvents assisted with ultrasound or microwaves, supercritical fluids, and electroporation or are enzyme assisted. Commercial-scale extraction involves mainly physical methods such as bead mills and expeller presses. All these factors should be taken into account when choosing a PUFA production system, as discussed in this review.
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Cho K, Lee CH, Ko K, Lee YJ, Kim KN, Kim MK, Chung YH, Kim D, Yeo IK, Oda T. Use of phenol-induced oxidative stress acclimation to stimulate cell growth and biodiesel production by the oceanic microalga Dunaliella salina. ALGAL RES 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2016.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Minhas AK, Hodgson P, Barrow CJ, Sashidhar B, Adholeya A. The isolation and identification of new microalgal strains producing oil and carotenoid simultaneously with biofuel potential. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 211:556-565. [PMID: 27043053 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.03.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2016] [Revised: 03/20/2016] [Accepted: 03/21/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Taxonomy and phylogeny of twenty two microalgal isolates were examined using both universal and newly designed molecular primers. Among the isolates, Scenedesmus bijugus, Coelastrella sp., Auxenochlorella protothecoides, and Chlorella sp. were particularly promising in terms of producing lipids as measured by fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) analysis and significant concentration of carotenoids. A comparative experiment showed that S. bijugus and Chlorella sp. were the most promising candidates (L(-)(1)d(-)(1), with biomass) 174.77±6.75, 169.81±5.22mg, lipids 40.14±3.31, 39.72±3.89mg, lutein 0.47, 0.36mg, and astaxanthin 0.27, 0.18mg respectively. The fatty acids produced by these microalgal isolates were mainly palmitic, stearic, oleic, linoleic, and linolenic acid. The freshwater microalgal isolate S. bijugus be the most suitable isolate for producing biodiesel and carotenoids, due to high productivity of biomass, lipids, metabolites, and its suitable fatty acid profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amritpreet Kaur Minhas
- TERI-Deakin Nanobiotechnology Centre, Biotechnology and Management of Bioresources Division, The Energy and Resources Institute, New Delhi, India; School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong campus at Waurn Ponds, Victoria 3217, Australia
| | - Peter Hodgson
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Geelong campus at Waurn Ponds, Victoria 3217, Australia
| | - Colin J Barrow
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong campus at Waurn Ponds, Victoria 3217, Australia
| | - Burla Sashidhar
- TERI-Deakin Nanobiotechnology Centre, Biotechnology and Management of Bioresources Division, The Energy and Resources Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Alok Adholeya
- TERI-Deakin Nanobiotechnology Centre, Biotechnology and Management of Bioresources Division, The Energy and Resources Institute, New Delhi, India.
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Cho K, Hur SP, Lee CH, Ko K, Lee YJ, Kim KN, Kim MS, Chung YH, Kim D, Oda T. Bioflocculation of the oceanic microalga Dunaliella salina by the bloom-forming dinoflagellate Heterocapsa circularisquama, and its effect on biodiesel properties of the biomass. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 202:257-261. [PMID: 26733439 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2015.12.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2015] [Revised: 12/14/2015] [Accepted: 12/15/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to evaluate the flocculation by the dinoflagellate Heterocapsa circularisquama as a means for harvesting three Chlorophyta species, Chlorella vulgaris, Nannochloropsis granulata, and Dunaliella salina. Relative fluorescence of D. salina culture significantly decreased along with 9.3-fold increased flocculation activity within 24 h when mixed with H. circularisquama. Lipid content of bioflocculated D. salina increased about 40%, while fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) profiles exhibited higher levels of C16:0, C18:0, and C18:1, compared to harvest by centrifugation, suggesting higher energy content. Furthermore, bioflocculated D. salina biomass had more suitable biodiesel properties relative to both EN14214 and ASTMD6751, with a cetane number of 49.0 and an iodine value of 95.9. These results suggest that H. circularisquama-induced bioflocculation is applicable for the sustainable and qualitative production of algal biodiesel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kichul Cho
- Korea University of Science & Technology, Daejeon 305-350, Republic of Korea; Jeju Center, Korea Basic Science Institute (KBSI), Jeju 690-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Pyo Hur
- Jeju Center, Korea Basic Science Institute (KBSI), Jeju 690-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Chi-Heon Lee
- Jeju Center, Korea Basic Science Institute (KBSI), Jeju 690-756, Republic of Korea; Department of Marine Life Science, Jeju National University, Jeju 690-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungjun Ko
- Jeju Center, Korea Basic Science Institute (KBSI), Jeju 690-756, Republic of Korea; Department of Marine Life Science, Jeju National University, Jeju 690-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeon-Ji Lee
- Jeju Center, Korea Basic Science Institute (KBSI), Jeju 690-756, Republic of Korea; Department of Marine Life Science, Jeju National University, Jeju 690-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Kil-Nam Kim
- Jeju Center, Korea Basic Science Institute (KBSI), Jeju 690-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Moo-Sang Kim
- Dongseo Unversity & Technische Universität Berlin Joint Algae Laboratory, Dongseo University, Busan 617-716, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Ho Chung
- Drug & Disease Target Research Team, Korea Basic Science Institute, Daejeon 350-333, Republic of Korea
| | - Daekyung Kim
- Korea University of Science & Technology, Daejeon 305-350, Republic of Korea; Jeju Center, Korea Basic Science Institute (KBSI), Jeju 690-756, Republic of Korea.
| | - Tatsuya Oda
- Graduate School of Fisheries Science & Environmental Studies, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan
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Mandotra SK, Kumar P, Suseela MR, Nayaka S, Ramteke PW. Evaluation of fatty acid profile and biodiesel properties of microalga Scenedesmus abundans under the influence of phosphorus, pH and light intensities. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 201:222-9. [PMID: 26675046 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2015.11.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2015] [Revised: 11/15/2015] [Accepted: 11/17/2015] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The present study dealt with biomass, lipid concentration, fatty acid profile and biodiesel properties of microalga Scenedesmus abundans under different phosphate concentrations, pH and light intensities, one at a time. Among different phosphate concentrations, higher biomass (770.10±11.0mg/L) and lipid concentration (176.87±4.6mg/L) were at the concentration of 60mg/L. Light intensity at 6000lux yielded higher biomass and lipid concentration of 742.0±9.7 and 243.15±9.1mg/L, respectively. The biomass (769.0±12.3mg/L) and lipid (179.47±5.5mg/L) concentration were highest at pH 8 and pH 6, respectively. All the culture treatments showed marked effect on the fatty acid profile and biodiesel properties of the extracted oil. FAME derived biodiesel properties were compared with European biodiesel standards (EN 14214), Indian biodiesel standards (IS 15607) and American biodiesel standards (ASTM D 6751-08) to assess the suitability of algal oil as biodiesel feedstock.
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Affiliation(s)
- S K Mandotra
- Algology Laboratory, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226 001, India; Department of Biological Sciences, Sam Higginbottom Institute of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh 211 007, India
| | - Pankaj Kumar
- Algology Laboratory, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226 001, India
| | - M R Suseela
- Algology Laboratory, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226 001, India.
| | - S Nayaka
- Algology Laboratory, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226 001, India
| | - P W Ramteke
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sam Higginbottom Institute of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh 211 007, India
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Ren HY, Liu BF, Kong F, Zhao L, Ren N. Hydrogen and lipid production from starch wastewater by co-culture of anaerobic sludge and oleaginous microalgae with simultaneous COD, nitrogen and phosphorus removal. WATER RESEARCH 2015; 85:404-12. [PMID: 26364224 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2015.08.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2015] [Revised: 08/12/2015] [Accepted: 08/30/2015] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Anaerobic sludge (AS) and microalgae were co-cultured to enhance the energy conversion and nutrients removal from starch wastewater. Mixed ratio, starch concentration and initial pH played critical roles on the hydrogen and lipid production of the co-culture system. The maximum hydrogen production of 1508.3 mL L(-1) and total lipid concentration of 0.36 g L(-1) were obtained under the optimized mixed ratio (algae:AS) of 30:1, starch concentration of 6 g L(-1) and initial pH of 8. The main soluble metabolites in dark fermentation were acetate and butyrate, most of which can be consumed in co-cultivation. When sweet potato starch wastewater was used as the substrate, the highest COD, TN and TP removal and energy conversion efficiencies reached 80.5%, 88.7%, 80.1% and 34.2%, which were 176%, 178%, 200% and 119% higher than that of the control group (dark fermentation), respectively. This research provided a novel approach and achieved efficient simultaneous energy recovery and nutrients removal from starch wastewater by the co-culture system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Yu Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China.
| | - Bing-Feng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China.
| | - Fanying Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China.
| | - Lei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Nanqi Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China.
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Piligaev A, Sorokina K, Bryanskaya A, Peltek S, Kolchanov N, Parmon V. Isolation of prospective microalgal strains with high saturated fatty acid content for biofuel production. ALGAL RES 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2015.08.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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50
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Screening and Evaluation of Some Green Algal Strains (Chlorophyceae) Isolated from Freshwater and Soda Lakes for Biofuel Production. ENERGIES 2015. [DOI: 10.3390/en8077502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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