1
|
Guo J, Wang H, Huang C, Lai C, Shang W, Luo S, Chen L. PLAU, transcriptionally negatively regulated by GATA6, promotes lung squamous carcinoma cell proliferation and migration. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2024; 1871:119744. [PMID: 38702016 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2024.119744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) is associated with high mortality and has limited therapeutic treatment options. Plasminogen activator urokinase (PLAU) plays important roles in tumor cell malignancy. However, the oncogenic role of PLAU in the progression of LUSC remains unknown. GATA-binding factor 6 (GATA6), a key regulator of lung development, inhibits LUSC cell proliferation and migration, but the underlying regulatory mechanism remains to be further explored. Moreover, the regulatory effect of GATA6 on PLAU expression has not been reported. The aim of this study was to identify the role of PLAU and the transcriptional inhibition mechanism of GATA6 on PLAU expression in LUSC. METHODS To identify the potential target genes regulated by GATA6, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) obtained from GEO datasets analysis and RNA-seq experiment were subjected to Venn analysis and correlation heatmap analysis. The transcriptional regulatory effects of GATA6 on PLAU expression were detected by real-time PCR, immunoblotting, and dual-luciferase reporter assays. The oncogenic effects of PLAU on LUSC cell proliferation and migration were evaluated by EdU incorporation, Matrigel 3D culture and Transwell assays. PLAU expression was detected in tissue microarray of LUSC via immunohistochemistry (IHC) assay. To determine prognostic factors for prognosis of LUSC patients, the clinicopathological characteristics and PLAU expression were subjected to univariate Cox regression analysis. RESULTS PLAU overexpression promoted LUSC cell proliferation and migration. PLAU is overexpressed in LUSC tissues compared with normal tissues. Consistently, high PLAU expression, which acts as an independent risk factor, is associated with poor prognosis of LUSC patients. Furthermore, the expression of PLAU is transcriptionally regulated by GATA6. CONCLUSION In this work, it was revealed that PLAU is a novel oncogene for LUSC and a new molecular regulatory mechanism of GATA6 in LUSC was unveiled. Targeting the GATA6/PLAU pathway might help in the development of novel therapeutic treatment strategies for LUSC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiankun Guo
- Center for Experimental Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China; Medical Innovation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Hailong Wang
- Medical Innovation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Changhua Huang
- Center for Experimental Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China; Medical Innovation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Caihong Lai
- Huankui Academy, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, China
| | - Wenli Shang
- Huankui Academy, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, China
| | - Shiwen Luo
- Center for Experimental Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Limin Chen
- Medical Innovation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Lei Y, Huang XT, Guo X, Hang Katie Chan K, Gao L. DeepGRNCS: deep learning-based framework for jointly inferring gene regulatory networks across cell subpopulations. Brief Bioinform 2024; 25:bbae334. [PMID: 38980373 PMCID: PMC11232306 DOI: 10.1093/bib/bbae334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Inferring gene regulatory networks (GRNs) allows us to obtain a deeper understanding of cellular function and disease pathogenesis. Recent advances in single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) technology have improved the accuracy of GRN inference. However, many methods for inferring individual GRNs from scRNA-seq data are limited because they overlook intercellular heterogeneity and similarities between different cell subpopulations, which are often present in the data. Here, we propose a deep learning-based framework, DeepGRNCS, for jointly inferring GRNs across cell subpopulations. We follow the commonly accepted hypothesis that the expression of a target gene can be predicted based on the expression of transcription factors (TFs) due to underlying regulatory relationships. We initially processed scRNA-seq data by discretizing data scattering using the equal-width method. Then, we trained deep learning models to predict target gene expression from TFs. By individually removing each TF from the expression matrix, we used pre-trained deep model predictions to infer regulatory relationships between TFs and genes, thereby constructing the GRN. Our method outperforms existing GRN inference methods for various simulated and real scRNA-seq datasets. Finally, we applied DeepGRNCS to non-small cell lung cancer scRNA-seq data to identify key genes in each cell subpopulation and analyzed their biological relevance. In conclusion, DeepGRNCS effectively predicts cell subpopulation-specific GRNs. The source code is available at https://github.com/Nastume777/DeepGRNCS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yahui Lei
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi’an 710071, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiao-Tai Huang
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi’an 710071, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xingli Guo
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi’an 710071, Shaanxi, China
| | - Kei Hang Katie Chan
- Department of Electrical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Center for Global Cardiometabolic Health, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Lin Gao
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi’an 710071, Shaanxi, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Moon JW, Hong BJ, Kim SK, Park MS, Lee H, Lee J, Kim MY. Systematic identification of a synthetic lethal interaction in brain-metastatic lung adenocarcinoma. Cancer Lett 2024; 588:216781. [PMID: 38494150 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2024.216781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Metastatic lung adenocarcinoma (LuAC) presents a significant clinical challenge due to the short latency and the lack of efficient treatment options. Therefore, identification of molecular vulnerabilities in metastatic LuAC holds great importance in the development of therapeutic drugs against this disease. In this study, we performed a genome-wide siRNA screening using poorly and highly brain-metastatic LuAC cell lines. Using this approach, we discovered that compared to poorly metastatic LuAC (LuAC-Par) cells, brain-metastatic LuAC (LuAC-BrM) cells exhibited a significantly higher vulnerability to c-FLIP (an inhibitor of caspase-8)-depletion-induced apoptosis. Furthermore, in vivo studies demonstrated that c-FLIP knockdown specifically inhibited growth of LuAC-BrM, but not the LuAC-Par, tumors, suggesting the addiction of LuAC-BrM to the function of c-FLIP for their survival. Our in vitro and in vivo analyses also demonstrated that LuAC-BrM is more sensitive to c-FLIP-depletion due to ER stress-induced activation of the c-JUN and subsequent induction of stress genes including ATF4 and DDIT3. Finally, we found that c-JUN not only sensitized LuAC-BrM to c-FLIP-depletion-induced cell death but also promoted brain metastasis in vivo, providing strong evidence for c-JUN's function as a double-edged sword in LuAC-BrM. Collectively, our findings not only reveal a novel link between c-JUN, brain metastasis, and c-FLIP addiction in LuAC-BrM but also present an opportunity for potential therapeutic intervention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jin Woo Moon
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, South Korea
| | | | - Seon-Kyu Kim
- Personalized Genomic Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Min-Seok Park
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Hohyeon Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, South Korea
| | - JiWon Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Mi-Young Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, South Korea; KAIST Institute for the BioCentury, Cancer Metastasis Control Center, Daejeon, South Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ju W, Lin L, Zhang Q, Lv X, Teng S, Hong Y, Shao Z, Na H, Yu S. GATA6 inhibits the biological function of non-small cell lung cancer by modulating glucose metabolism. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2024; 150:126. [PMID: 38483616 PMCID: PMC10940364 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-024-05664-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aims to explore the role of GATA6 in lung cancer, with a focus on its impact on metabolic processes. METHODS We assessed GATA6 expression in lung cancer tissues and its association with patient prognosis. In vitro cell function experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of altered GATA6 levels on lung cancer cell proliferation and migration. Mechanistic insights were gained by examining GATA6's influence on glucose metabolism-related genes, particularly its effect on c-Myc mRNA expression. RESULTS Our study revealed significant down-regulation of GATA6 in lung cancer tissues, and this down-regulation was strongly correlated with unfavorable patient prognosis. Elevating GATA6 levels effectively inhibited the proliferation and migration of lung cancer cells in our cell function experiments. Mechanistically, we found that GATA6 suppressed the expression of c-Myc mRNA, impacting genes related to glucose metabolism. As a result, glucose uptake and metabolism in lung cancer cells were disrupted, ultimately impeding their malignant behaviors. CONCLUSION Our study provides crucial insights into the metabolic regulation of GATA6 in lung cancer cells. These findings have the potential to offer a solid theoretical foundation for the development of novel clinical treatments for lung cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Ju
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Medical College of Liaodong University, Dandong, 118003, China
| | - Lijuan Lin
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Medical College of Liaodong University, Dandong, 118003, China
| | - Qifang Zhang
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Medical College of Liaodong University, Dandong, 118003, China
| | - Xiumei Lv
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Medical College of Liaodong University, Dandong, 118003, China
| | - Shaohui Teng
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Medical College of Liaodong University, Dandong, 118003, China
| | - Yu Hong
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Medical College of Liaodong University, Dandong, 118003, China
| | - Zhixiang Shao
- Pathology Department, Dandong First Hospital, Dandong, 118003, China
| | - Hanyun Na
- Pathology Department, Dandong First Hospital, Dandong, 118003, China
| | - Shengjin Yu
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Medical College of Liaodong University, Dandong, 118003, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zhang HQ, Kong F, Kong X, Jiang T, Ma M, Zheng S, Guo J, Xie K. Loss of GATA6-mediated up-regulation of UTX promotes pancreatic tumorigenesis and progression. Genes Dis 2024; 11:921-934. [PMID: 37692474 PMCID: PMC10491869 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2023.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Ubiquitously transcribed tetratricopeptide repeat on chromosome X (UTX), also known as lysine (K)-specific demethylase 6A (KDM6A), functions as a tumor suppressor gene or oncogene depending on the tumor type and context. However, its tumor-suppressive mechanisms remain largely unknown. Here, we investigated the clinical significance and biological effects of UTX expression in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) and determined the potential mechanisms of its dysregulation. UTX expression and its association with clinicopathologic characteristics of PDA patients were analyzed using immunohistochemistry. UTX mRNA and protein expression and their regulation in PDA cell lines were measured using quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analyses. The biological functions of UTX in PDA cell growth, migration, and invasion were determined using gain- and loss-of-function assays with both in vitro and in vivo animal models. UTX expression was reduced in human PDA cell lines and specimens. Low UTX expression was associated with poor differentiation and prognosis in PDA. Forced UTX expression inhibited PDA proliferation, migration, and invasion in vitro and PDA growth and metastasis in vivo, whereas knockdown of UTX expression did the opposite. Mechanistically, UTX expression was trans-activated by GATA6 activation. GATA6-mediated PDA progression could be blocked, at least partially, by silencing UTX expression. In conclusion, loss of GATA6-mediated UTX expression was evident in human PDA and restored UTX expression suppressed PDA growth and metastasis. Thus, UTX is a tumor suppressor in PDA and may serve as a prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Qing Zhang
- The Third Department of Medical Oncology, Jiangxi Cancer Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Fanyang Kong
- Departments of Gastroenterology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Xiangyu Kong
- Departments of Gastroenterology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Tingting Jiang
- Center for Pancreatic Cancer Research, The South China University of Technology School of Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Muyuan Ma
- Center for Pancreatic Cancer Research, The South China University of Technology School of Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Shaojiang Zheng
- Hainan Clinical Medical Research Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, Hainan Women and Children's Medical Center, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan 570102, China
| | - Junli Guo
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Cardiovascular Diseases Research of Hainan Province, Key Laboratory of Emergency and Trauma of Ministry of Education, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan 571199, China
| | - Keping Xie
- Center for Pancreatic Cancer Research, The South China University of Technology School of Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Guild J, Juul NH, Andalon A, Taenaka H, Coffey RJ, Matthay MA, Desai TJ. Evidence for lung barrier regeneration by differentiation prior to binucleated and stem cell division. J Cell Biol 2023; 222:e202212088. [PMID: 37843535 PMCID: PMC10579698 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202212088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
With each breath, oxygen diffuses across remarkably thin alveolar type I (AT1) cells into underlying capillaries. Interspersed cuboidal AT2 cells produce surfactant and act as stem cells. Even transient disruption of this delicate barrier can promote capillary leak. Here, we selectively ablated AT1 cells, which uncovered rapid AT2 cell flattening with near-continuous barrier preservation, culminating in AT1 differentiation. Proliferation subsequently restored depleted AT2 cells in two phases, mitosis of binucleated AT2 cells followed by replication of mononucleated AT2 cells. M phase entry of binucleated and S phase entry of mononucleated cells were both triggered by AT1-produced hbEGF signaling via EGFR to Wnt-active AT2 cells. Repeated AT1 cell killing elicited exuberant AT2 proliferation, generating aberrant daughter cells that ceased surfactant function yet failed to achieve AT1 differentiation. This hyperplasia eventually resolved, yielding normal-appearing alveoli. Overall, this specialized regenerative program confers a delicate simple epithelium with functional resiliency on par with the physical durability of thicker, pseudostratified, or stratified epithelia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Guild
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care, Department of Internal Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Nicholas H. Juul
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care, Department of Internal Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Andres Andalon
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care, Department of Internal Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Hiroki Taenaka
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California San Francisco; San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Robert J. Coffey
- Epithelial Biology Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Michael A. Matthay
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California San Francisco; San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Tushar J. Desai
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care, Department of Internal Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Qu M, Jin Z, Xu Y, Sun W, Luo Y, Zhang N, Huang Z, Han L, Gong Y, Xie C. hsa-miR-1301-3p Promotes the Proliferation and Migration of Nonsmall Cell Lung Cancer Cells and Reduces Radiosensitivity via Targeting Homeodomain-Only Protein Homeobox. Genet Test Mol Biomarkers 2023; 27:393-405. [PMID: 38156905 DOI: 10.1089/gtmb.2022.0214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: There is increasing evidence that abnormal expression of microRNAs is involved in the occurrence and progression of tumors. In previous experiments, we found that the content of hsa-miR-1301-3p in tumor tissues of patients with nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) showed an obvious upward trend compared with that in normal tissues. We performed a detailed study on the impact and underlying mechanism of hsa-miR-1301-3p in NSCLC cells. Methods: The impact of hsa-miR-1301-3p on NSCLC cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion was examined using colony formation, flow cytometry, modified Boyden chamber, and wound healing assays. Different doses of radiation were applied to NSCLC cells to investigate their sensitivity to radiotherapy. The potential target gene of hsa-miR-1301-3p was determined by dual-luciferase reporter assay and immunoblotting. Result: hsa-miR-1301-3p was upregulated in NSCLC tissues and cells. hsa-miR-1301-3p effectively promoted the rapid proliferation, migration, and invasion of NSCLC cells, while inhibiting apoptosis. It also induced radioresistance in NSCLC cells. hsa-miR-1301-3p targeted the homeodomain-only protein homeobox (HOPX) mRNA 3' untranslated region and inhibited its transcription in NSCLC cells. Exogenous HOPX overexpression antagonized the mechanism by which hsa-miR-1301-3p regulates NSCLC cell proliferation, metastasis, and apoptosis. Conclusions: hsa-miR-1301-3p plays an oncogenic role in the occurrence and development of NSCLC. By targeting HOPX, hsa-miR-1301-3p can not only promote the proliferation and metastasis of NSCLC cells, but also alleviate apoptosis and reduce radiosensitivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mei Qu
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Oncology, Jingzhou Hospital Affiliated to Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Zhiliang Jin
- Department of Oncology, Jingzhou Hospital Affiliated to Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Yanhua Xu
- Department of Oncology, Jingzhou Hospital Affiliated to Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Wenjie Sun
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuan Luo
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Nannan Zhang
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhengrong Huang
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Biological Repositories, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Linzhi Han
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan Gong
- Department of Biological Repositories, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Tumor Precision Diagnosis and Treatment Technology and Translational Medicine, Hubei Engineering Research Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Conghua Xie
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
He S, Ding Y, Ji Z, Yuan B, Chen J, Ren W. HOPX is a tumor-suppressive biomarker that corresponds to T cell infiltration in skin cutaneous melanoma. Cancer Cell Int 2023; 23:122. [PMID: 37344870 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-023-02962-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Skin cutaneous melanoma (SKCM) is the most threatening type of skin cancer. Approximately 55,000 people lose their lives every year due to SKCM, illustrating that it seriously threatens human life and health. Homeodomain-only protein homeobox (HOPX) is the smallest member of the homeodomain family and is widely expressed in a variety of tissues. HOPX is involved in regulating the homeostasis of hematopoietic stem cells and is closely related to the development of tumors such as breast cancer, nasopharyngeal carcinoma, and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. However, its function in SKCM is unclear, and further studies are needed. METHODS We used the R language to construct ROC (Receiver-Operating Characteristic) curves, KM (Kaplan‒Meier) curves and nomograms based on databases such as the TCGA and GEO to analyze the diagnostic and prognostic value of HOPX in SKCM patients. Enrichment analysis, immune scoring, GSVA (Gene Set Variation Analysis), and single-cell sequencing were used to verify the association between HOPX expression and immune infiltration. In vitro experiments were performed using A375 cells for phenotypic validation. Transcriptome sequencing was performed to further analyze HOPX gene-related genes and their signaling pathways. RESULTS Compared to normal cells, SKCM cells had low HOPX expression (p < 0.001). Patients with high HOPX expression had a better prognosis (p < 0.01), and the marker had good diagnostic efficacy (AUC = 0.744). GO/KEGG (Gene Ontology/ Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) analysis, GSVA and single-cell sequencing analysis showed that HOPX expression is associated with immune processes and high enrichment of T cells and could serve as an immune checkpoint in SKCM. Furthermore, cellular assays verified that HOPX inhibits the proliferation, migration and invasion of A375 cells and promotes apoptosis and S-phase arrest. Interestingly, tumor drug sensitivity analysis revealed that HOPX also plays an important role in reducing clinical drug resistance. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that HOPX is a blocker of SKCM progression that inhibits the proliferation of SKCM cells and promotes apoptosis. Furthermore, it may be a new diagnostic and prognostic indicator and a novel target for immunotherapy in SKCM patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Song He
- Department of Laboratory Animals, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, Jilin, P.R. China
| | - Yu Ding
- Department of Laboratory Animals, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, Jilin, P.R. China
| | - Zhonghao Ji
- Department of Laboratory Animals, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, Jilin, P.R. China
- Department of Basic Medicine, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, 046000, Shanxi, P.R. China
| | - Bao Yuan
- Department of Laboratory Animals, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, Jilin, P.R. China
| | - Jian Chen
- Department of Laboratory Animals, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, Jilin, P.R. China.
| | - Wenzhi Ren
- Department of Laboratory Animals, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, Jilin, P.R. China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Jin Y, Arimura H, Cui Y, Kodama T, Mizuno S, Ansai S. CT Image-Based Biopsy to Aid Prediction of HOPX Expression Status and Prognosis for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:2220. [PMID: 37190150 PMCID: PMC10136849 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15082220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to elucidate a computed tomography (CT) image-based biopsy with a radiogenomic signature to predict homeodomain-only protein homeobox (HOPX) gene expression status and prognosis in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Patients were labeled as HOPX-negative or positive based on HOPX expression and were separated into training (n = 92) and testing (n = 24) datasets. In correlation analysis between genes and image features extracted by Pyradiomics for 116 patients, eight significant features associated with HOPX expression were selected as radiogenomic signature candidates from the 1218 image features. The final signature was constructed from eight candidates using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator. An imaging biopsy model with radiogenomic signature was built by a stacking ensemble learning model to predict HOPX expression status and prognosis. The model exhibited predictive power for HOPX expression with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.873 and prognostic power in Kaplan-Meier curves (p = 0.0066) in the test dataset. This study's findings implied that the CT image-based biopsy with a radiogenomic signature could aid physicians in predicting HOPX expression status and prognosis in NSCLC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Jin
- Division of Medical Quantum Science, Department of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Hidetaka Arimura
- Division of Medical Quantum Science, Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - YunHao Cui
- Division of Medical Quantum Science, Department of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Takumi Kodama
- Division of Medical Quantum Science, Department of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Shinichi Mizuno
- Division of Medical Technology, Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Satoshi Ansai
- Laboratory of Genome Editing Breeding, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8520, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Weiner AI, Zhao G, Zayas HM, Holcomb NP, Adams-Tzivelekidis S, Wong J, Gentile ME, Reddy D, Wei J, Palashikar G, Quansah KK, Vaughan AE. ΔNp63 drives dysplastic alveolar remodeling and restricts epithelial plasticity upon severe lung injury. Cell Rep 2022; 41:111805. [PMID: 36516758 PMCID: PMC9808897 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The lung exhibits a robust, multifaceted regenerative response to severe injuries such as influenza infection, during which quiescent lung-resident epithelial progenitors participate in two distinct reparative pathways: functionally beneficial regeneration via alveolar type 2 (AT2) cell proliferation and differentiation, and dysplastic tissue remodeling via intrapulmonary airway-resident basal p63+ progenitors. Here we show that the basal cell transcription factor ΔNp63 is required for intrapulmonary basal progenitors to participate in dysplastic alveolar remodeling following injury. We find that ΔNp63 restricts the plasticity of intrapulmonary basal progenitors by maintaining either active or repressive histone modifications at key differentiation gene loci. Following loss of ΔNp63, intrapulmonary basal progenitors are capable of either airway or alveolar differentiation depending on their surrounding environment both in vitro and in vivo. Uncovering these regulatory mechanisms of dysplastic repair and lung basal cell fate choice highlight potential therapeutic targets to promote functional alveolar regeneration following severe lung injuries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aaron I Weiner
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Penn Lung Biology Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Gan Zhao
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Penn Lung Biology Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Hanna M Zayas
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Nicolas P Holcomb
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Stephanie Adams-Tzivelekidis
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Penn Lung Biology Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Joanna Wong
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Penn Lung Biology Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Maria E Gentile
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Penn Lung Biology Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Dyuthi Reddy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Joey Wei
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Gargi Palashikar
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Penn Lung Biology Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Kwaku K Quansah
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Penn Lung Biology Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Andrew E Vaughan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Penn Lung Biology Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Georgy SR, Rudiatmoko DR, Auden A, Partridge D, Butt T, Srivastava S, Wong N, Swaroop D, Carpinelli MR, Bogeski M, Jane SM. Identification of a Novel GRHL3/HOPX/Wnt/β-Catenin Proto-oncogenic Axis in Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Esophagus. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2022; 15:1051-1069. [PMID: 36442813 PMCID: PMC10036738 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2022.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is an aggressive malignancy with a poor long-term prognosis. The molecular mechanisms underlying the initiation and progression of this tumor are largely unknown. The transcription factor GRHL3 functions as a potent tumor suppressor in SCC of skin, head, and neck. This study aims to determine whether GRHL3 also plays a role in the homeostasis of the esophageal epithelium and in the development of ESCC. METHODS The effects of Grhl3 deletion on squamous epithelial homeostasis in embryos and adult mice were examined using immunohistochemistry, transmission electron microscopy, and real-time polymerase chain reaction. The conditionally deleted mice were subsequently used to determine susceptibility to ESCC. Whole-transcriptome sequencing (RNA-seq) was performed on ESCC in wild-type and Grhl3 deleted animals. To decipher the signaling pathways, real-time polymerase chain reaction, immunohistochemistry, analysis of chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing, chromatin immunoprecipitation-polymerase chain reaction, and RNA seq datasets were used. Primary human samples were used to validate the findings in the mouse model. RESULTS Loss of Grhl3 perturbs the proliferation-differentiation balance in the esophageal epithelium, thereby increasing the susceptibility to esophageal carcinogenesis in adult mice. Grhl3 imparts its tumor suppressor function by regulating the expression of HOPX. We have identified the Wnt/β-catenin pathway as the downstream effectors of GRHL3 and HOPX through our integrated approach using patient-derived ESCC samples and mouse models. CONCLUSIONS GRHL3 conveys its tumor suppressor function in ESCC through regulating its target gene HOPX, which limits Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Targeted therapies to inhibit this pathway could be a potential treatment strategy for ESCC patients with reduced GRHL3 expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Smitha Rose Georgy
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Werribee, Australia.
| | | | - Alana Auden
- Department of Medicine, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Darren Partridge
- Department of Medicine, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Tariq Butt
- Department of Medicine, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Seema Srivastava
- Department of Medicine, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Nick Wong
- Monash Bioinformatics Platform, Central Clinical School, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Dijina Swaroop
- Department of Medicine, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Marina Rose Carpinelli
- Department of Medicine, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Mirjana Bogeski
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Werribee, Australia
| | - Stephen M Jane
- Department of Medicine, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Bourque J, Kousnetsov R, Hawiger D. Roles of Hopx in the differentiation and functions of immune cells. Eur J Cell Biol 2022; 101:151242. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2022.151242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
|
13
|
Identifying General Tumor and Specific Lung Cancer Biomarkers by Transcriptomic Analysis. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11071082. [PMID: 36101460 PMCID: PMC9313083 DOI: 10.3390/biology11071082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 06/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The bioinformatic pipeline previously developed in our research laboratory is used to identify potential general and specific deregulated tumor genes and transcription factors related to the establishment and progression of tumoral diseases, now comparing lung cancer with other two types of cancer. Twenty microarray datasets were selected and analyzed separately to identify hub differentiated expressed genes and compared to identify all the deregulated genes and transcription factors in common between the three types of cancer and those unique to lung cancer. The winning DEGs analysis allowed to identify an important number of TFs deregulated in the majority of microarray datasets, which can become key biomarkers of general tumors and specific to lung cancer. A coexpression network was constructed for every dataset with all deregulated genes associated with lung cancer, according to DAVID’s tool enrichment analysis, and transcription factors capable of regulating them, according to oPOSSUM´s tool. Several genes and transcription factors are coexpressed in the networks, suggesting that they could be related to the establishment or progression of the tumoral pathology in any tissue and specifically in the lung. The comparison of the coexpression networks of lung cancer and other types of cancer allowed the identification of common connectivity patterns with deregulated genes and transcription factors correlated to important tumoral processes and signaling pathways that have not been studied yet to experimentally validate their role in lung cancer. The Kaplan–Meier estimator determined the association of thirteen deregulated top winning transcription factors with the survival of lung cancer patients. The coregulatory analysis identified two top winning transcription factors networks related to the regulatory control of gene expression in lung and breast cancer. Our transcriptomic analysis suggests that cancer has an important coregulatory network of transcription factors related to the acquisition of the hallmarks of cancer. Moreover, lung cancer has a group of genes and transcription factors unique to pulmonary tissue that are coexpressed during tumorigenesis and must be studied experimentally to fully understand their role in the pathogenesis within its very complex transcriptomic scenario. Therefore, the downstream bioinformatic analysis developed was able to identify a coregulatory metafirm of cancer in general and specific to lung cancer taking into account the great heterogeneity of the tumoral process at cellular and population levels.
Collapse
|
14
|
Sinjab A, Rahal Z, Kadara H. Cell-by-Cell: Unlocking Lung Cancer Pathogenesis. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:3424. [PMID: 35884485 PMCID: PMC9320562 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14143424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
For lung cancers, cellular trajectories and fates are strongly pruned by cell intrinsic and extrinsic factors. Over the past couple of decades, the combination of comprehensive molecular and genomic approaches, as well as the use of relevant pre-clinical models, enhanced micro-dissection techniques, profiling of rare preneoplastic lesions and surrounding tissues, as well as multi-region tumor sequencing, have all provided in-depth insights into the early biology and evolution of lung cancers. The advent of single-cell sequencing technologies has revolutionized our ability to interrogate these same models, tissues, and cohorts at an unprecedented resolution. Single-cell tracking of lung cancer pathogenesis is now transforming our understanding of the roles and consequences of epithelial-microenvironmental cues and crosstalk during disease evolution. By focusing on non-small lung cancers, specifically lung adenocarcinoma subtype, this review aims to summarize our knowledge base of tumor cells-of-origin and tumor-immune dynamics that have been primarily fueled by single-cell analysis of lung adenocarcinoma specimens at various stages of disease pathogenesis and of relevant animal models. The review will provide an overview of how recent reports are rewriting the mechanistic details of lineage plasticity and intra-tumor heterogeneity at a magnified scale thanks to single-cell studies of early- to late-stage lung adenocarcinomas. Future advances in single-cell technologies, coupled with analysis of minute amounts of rare clinical tissues and novel animal models, are anticipated to help transform our understanding of how diverse micro-events elicit macro-scale consequences, and thus to significantly advance how basic genomic and molecular knowledge of lung cancer evolution can be translated into successful targets for early detection and prevention of this lethal disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ansam Sinjab
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (Z.R.); (H.K.)
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
HOPX: A Unique Homeodomain Protein in Development and Tumor Suppression. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14112764. [PMID: 35681746 PMCID: PMC9179269 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14112764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Homeobox (HOX) genes encode homeodomain proteins that regulate a wide range of molecular pathways. The homeodomain is highly conserved and binds to DNA. One exception is homeodomain-only protein (HOPX) that lacks DNA-binding capacity. HOPX plays a crucial role in development and its functional impairment is associated with a variety of diseases, including cancer. Loss of HOPX function occurs in a wide range of cancer types, where it functions as a tumor suppressor gene. Understanding the molecular mechanisms by which HOPX regulates carcinogenesis will likely lead to the development of new therapeutic approaches. Abstract Homeobox genes are master regulators of morphogenesis and differentiation by acting at the top of genetic hierarchies and their deregulation is associated with a variety of human diseases. They usually contain a highly conserved sequence that codes for the homeodomain of the protein, a specialized motif with three α helices and an N-terminal arm that aids in DNA binding. However, one homeodomain protein, HOPX, is unique among its family members in that it lacks the capacity to bind DNA and instead functions by interacting with transcriptional regulators. HOPX plays crucial roles in organogenesis and is expressed in both embryonic and adult stem cells. Loss of HOPX expression is common in cancer, where it functions primarily as a tumor suppressor gene. In this review, we describe the function of HOPX in development and discuss its role in carcinogenesis.
Collapse
|
16
|
Yang D, Jones MG, Naranjo S, Rideout WM, Min KHJ, Ho R, Wu W, Replogle JM, Page JL, Quinn JJ, Horns F, Qiu X, Chen MZ, Freed-Pastor WA, McGinnis CS, Patterson DM, Gartner ZJ, Chow ED, Bivona TG, Chan MM, Yosef N, Jacks T, Weissman JS. Lineage tracing reveals the phylodynamics, plasticity, and paths of tumor evolution. Cell 2022; 185:1905-1923.e25. [PMID: 35523183 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2022.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 56.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Tumor evolution is driven by the progressive acquisition of genetic and epigenetic alterations that enable uncontrolled growth and expansion to neighboring and distal tissues. The study of phylogenetic relationships between cancer cells provides key insights into these processes. Here, we introduced an evolving lineage-tracing system with a single-cell RNA-seq readout into a mouse model of Kras;Trp53(KP)-driven lung adenocarcinoma and tracked tumor evolution from single-transformed cells to metastatic tumors at unprecedented resolution. We found that the loss of the initial, stable alveolar-type2-like state was accompanied by a transient increase in plasticity. This was followed by the adoption of distinct transcriptional programs that enable rapid expansion and, ultimately, clonal sweep of stable subclones capable of metastasizing. Finally, tumors develop through stereotypical evolutionary trajectories, and perturbing additional tumor suppressors accelerates progression by creating novel trajectories. Our study elucidates the hierarchical nature of tumor evolution and, more broadly, enables in-depth studies of tumor progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dian Yang
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Matthew G Jones
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Biological and Medical Informatics Graduate Program, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Integrative Program in Quantitative Biology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Center for Computational Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Santiago Naranjo
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - William M Rideout
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Kyung Hoi Joseph Min
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Raymond Ho
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Wei Wu
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Joseph M Replogle
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Medical Scientist Training Program, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Tetrad Graduate Program, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Jennifer L Page
- Cell and Genome Engineering Core, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Jeffrey J Quinn
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Felix Horns
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Xiaojie Qiu
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Michael Z Chen
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Medical Scientist Training Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - William A Freed-Pastor
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Christopher S McGinnis
- Tetrad Graduate Program, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - David M Patterson
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Zev J Gartner
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Chan Zuckerberg BioHub Investigator, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Center for Cellular Construction, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Eric D Chow
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Center for Advanced Technology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Trever G Bivona
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Michelle M Chan
- Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA; Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | - Nir Yosef
- Center for Computational Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Chan Zuckerberg BioHub Investigator, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, MIT and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.
| | - Tyler Jacks
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.
| | - Jonathan S Weissman
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Ma C, Hu K, Ullah I, Zheng QK, Zhang N, Sun ZG. Molecular Mechanisms Involving the Sonic Hedgehog Pathway in Lung Cancer Therapy: Recent Advances. Front Oncol 2022; 12:729088. [PMID: 35433472 PMCID: PMC9010822 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.729088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
According to the latest statistics from the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), lung cancer is one of the most lethal malignancies in the world, accounting for approximately 18% of all cancer-associated deaths. Yet, even with aggressive interventions for advanced lung cancer, the five-year survival rate remains low, at around 15%. The hedgehog signaling pathway is highly conserved during embryonic development and is involved in tissue homeostasis as well as organ development. However, studies have documented an increasing prevalence of aberrant activation of HH signaling in lung cancer patients, promoting malignant lung cancer progression with poor prognostic outcomes. Inhibitors targeting the HH pathway have been widely used in tumor therapy, however, they still cannot avoid the occurrence of drug resistance. Interestingly, natural products, either alone or in combination with chemotherapy, have greatly improved overall survival outcomes for lung cancer patients by acting on the HH signaling pathway because of its unique and excellent pharmacological properties. In this review, we elucidate on the underlying molecular mechanisms through which the HH pathway promotes malignant biological behaviors in lung cancer, as well as the potential of inhibitors or natural compounds in targeting HH signaling for clinical applications in lung cancer therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Ma
- School of Clinical Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Kang Hu
- School of Clinical Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Irfan Ullah
- Department of Surgery, Khyber Medical University Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Qing-Kang Zheng
- School of Clinical Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Breast Center, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- *Correspondence: Zhi-Gang Sun, ; Nan Zhang,
| | - Zhi-Gang Sun
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- *Correspondence: Zhi-Gang Sun, ; Nan Zhang,
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Yu J, He X, Fang C, Wu H, Hu L, Xue Y. MicroRNA‑200a‑3p and GATA6 are abnormally expressed in patients with non‑small cell lung cancer and exhibit high clinical diagnostic efficacy. Exp Ther Med 2022; 23:281. [PMID: 35317445 PMCID: PMC8908458 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2022.11210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is one of the main threats to human health. Survival of patients with lung cancer depends on timely detection and diagnosis. Among the genetic irregularities that control cancer development and progression, there are microRNAs (miRNAs/miRs). The present study aimed to investigate the expression patterns of miR-200a-3p and transcription factor GATA-6 (GATA6) in peripheral blood of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and their clinical significance. The expression patterns of miR-200a-3p and GATA6 in the peripheral blood of patients with NSCLC and healthy subjects were measured via reverse transcription-quantitative PCR. The correlation between GATA6/miR-200a-3p expression and their diagnostic efficacy were analyzed by receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. The association between miR-200a-3p/GATA6 expression with the patient clinicopathological characteristics, and their correlation with carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), neuron specific enolase (NSE) and squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCCAg) were evaluated. The cumulative survival rate was examined, and whether miR-200a-3p and GATA6 expression levels were independently correlated with the prognosis of NSCLC was analyzed using multivariate logistic regression model. The results demonstrated that the expression of miR-200a-3p was high and that of GATA6 was low in the peripheral blood of patients with NSCLC, and both exhibited high clinical diagnostic efficacy. miR-200a-3p was revealed to target GATA6 by dual-luciferase assay. miR-200a-3p in the peripheral blood was correlated with TNM stage, lymph node metastasis and distal metastasis, while GATA6 in the peripheral blood was correlated with TNM stage and lymph node metastasis. miR-200a-3p and GATA6 were positively correlated with CEA and SCCAg, but not with NSE. High expression of miR-200a-3p and low expression of GATA6 predicted poor prognosis in patients with NSCLC. After adjusting for TNM stage, lymph node metastasis, distance metastasis, GATA6, CEA, NSE and SCCAg in the logistic regression model, it was indicated that the high expression of miR-200a-3p increased the risk of death in patients with NSCLC. Collectively, it was revealed that miR-200a-3p and GATA6 were abnormally expressed in the peripheral blood of patients with NSCLC. Serum levels of miR-200a-3p >1.475 and GATA6 <1.195 may assist the early diagnosis of NSCLC. GATA6 may function in NSCLC as a miR-200a-3p target, which may provide a future reference for NSCLC early diagnosis and treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Yu
- Department of Oncology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou 550001, P.R. China
| | - Xinyun He
- Department of Oncology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou 550001, P.R. China
| | - Chunju Fang
- Department of Oncology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou 550001, P.R. China
| | - Haixia Wu
- Department of Oncology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou 550001, P.R. China
| | - Lei Hu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Guizhou Women's and Children's Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou 550003, P.R. China
| | - Yingbo Xue
- Department of Oncology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou 550001, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Zhai J, Luo G. GATA6‑induced FN1 activation promotes the proliferation, invasion and migration of oral squamous cell carcinoma cells. Mol Med Rep 2022; 25:102. [PMID: 35088888 PMCID: PMC8822886 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2022.12618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
GATA binding protein 6 (GATA6) is a transcription factor involved in cell fate decision making and tissue morphogenesis and serves a significant role in the progression of a number of types of cancer. The present study aimed to investigate the role and mechanisms underlying the effects of GATA6 in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). The expression levels of GATA6 were determined in a number of OSCC cell lines and the expression of GATA6 was knocked down to evaluate its role in the proliferation, invasion and migration of OSCC cells. Subsequently, the association between GATA6 and fibronectin 1 (FN1) was investigated using bioinformatics and further verified using dual‑luciferase reporter and chromosomal immunoprecipitation assays. Following the overexpression of FN1 in OSCC cells with GATA6 silencing, functional assays were performed to assess the mechanisms underlying GATA6 in OSCC progression. The results of the present study indicated that OSCC cells exhibited markedly upregulated expression levels of GATA6, while knockdown of GATA6 inhibited the proliferation, colony formation, invasion and migration of OSCC cells. In addition, GATA6 regulated FN1 expression levels by binding to the FN1 promoter. The suppressive effects of GATA6 knockdown on the proliferation, colony formation, invasion and migration of OSCC cells were abolished following FN1 overexpression. In conclusion, the findings of the present study demonstrated that GATA6 promoted the malignant development of OSCC cells by binding to the FN1 promotor. These results may contribute to further understanding the pathogenesis of OSCC and provide potential therapeutic targets for the clinical treatment of OSCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianbo Zhai
- Welle Dental, Jingan, Shanghai 200040, P.R. China
| | - Gang Luo
- Welle Dental, Jingan, Shanghai 200040, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Xu J, Cheng K, Lin H, Han W, He T, Nie X, Sun Y, Qiuman S, Reheman Y, Chen Q. Characterization of the GATA Transcription Factor Family and Exploration of Their Relevance to Immune Infiltration and Tumor Microenvironment in Pancreatic Cancer. Int J Gen Med 2021; 14:9083-9101. [PMID: 34876843 PMCID: PMC8643180 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s342741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Pancreatic cancer (PC) presents a phenomenal disease burden worldwide. The GATA transcription factor family is associated with a variety of human malignancies. However, the relation between GATA family members (GATAs) and PC has not been elucidated. Methods This study integrates large-scale bioinformatics database resources to analyze the expression patterns of GATAs in PC patients and explore their underlying function mechanism and relevance to immune infiltration and other different cell types in the tumor microenvironment in pancreatic cancer. First, the expression pattern of GATAs in pancreatic cancer was detected by the Oncomine database and the Gene Expression Profile Interaction Analysis (GEPIA2) database and verified through other datasets in the R2 platform. Then, we used the cBioPortal database and the Human Protein Atlas to assess the correlation between GATAs and clinicopathological features of PC. Then, survival analyses were performed to identify candidate prognostic factors in the GATA family in PC patients. Further, we performed gene ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis, protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, immune-infiltration correlation analysis, and cell type analysis of the tumor microenvironment at the single-cell level to explain the function of GATAs in pancreatic cancer. Results We found that GATA3 and GATA6 were highly expressed in pancreatic cancer, and the expression levels of GATA4 and GATA6 correlated with the pathological stage, differentiation grade, and molecular subtype of pancreatic cancer. The survival analysis revealed that lower GATA4 of PC patients was associated with better outcomes, and higher GATA6 might be associated with longer OS. In addition, GATA3 was associated with immune cell infiltration of PC, and GATA6 was mainly distributed in the epithelial cells with ductal phenotype. Conclusion This work tentatively identified GATA3, GATA4, and GATA6 in the GATA family associated with pancreatic cancer. GATA4 may serve as a prognostic factor for PC patients, and GATA6 may act as a subtype marker for PC. In addition, GATA3 may reflect the immune-infiltration status of PC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Xu
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Centre of Digestive and Vascular Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830054, People's Republic of China
| | - Kun Cheng
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Centre of Digestive and Vascular Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830054, People's Republic of China
| | - Hai Lin
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Centre of Digestive and Vascular Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830054, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Han
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Centre of Digestive and Vascular Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830054, People's Republic of China
| | - Tieying He
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Centre of Digestive and Vascular Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830054, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohan Nie
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Centre of Digestive and Vascular Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830054, People's Republic of China
| | - Yonghui Sun
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Centre of Digestive and Vascular Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830054, People's Republic of China
| | - Sulidankazha Qiuman
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Centre of Digestive and Vascular Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830054, People's Republic of China
| | - Yilidan Reheman
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Centre of Digestive and Vascular Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830054, People's Republic of China
| | - Qilong Chen
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Centre of Digestive and Vascular Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830054, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Stewart AS, Schaaf CR, Luff JA, Freund JM, Becker TC, Tufts SR, Robertson JB, Gonzalez LM. HOPX + injury-resistant intestinal stem cells drive epithelial recovery after severe intestinal ischemia. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2021; 321:G588-G602. [PMID: 34549599 PMCID: PMC8616590 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00165.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Intestinal ischemia is a life-threatening emergency with mortality rates of 50%-80% due to epithelial cell death and resultant barrier loss. Loss of the epithelial barrier occurs in conditions including intestinal volvulus and neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis. Survival depends on effective epithelial repair; crypt-based intestinal epithelial stem cells (ISCs) are the source of epithelial renewal in homeostasis and after injury. Two ISC populations have been described: 1) active ISC [aISC; highly proliferative; leucine-rich-repeat-containing G protein-coupled receptor 5 (LGR5+)-positive or sex-determining region Y-box 9 -antigen Ki67-positive (SOX9+Ki67+)] and 2) reserve ISC [rISC; less proliferative; homeodomain-only protein X positive (HOPX+)]. The contributions of these ISCs have been evaluated both in vivo and in vitro using a porcine model of mesenteric vascular occlusion to understand mechanisms that modulate ISC recovery responses following ischemic injury. In our previously published work, we observed that rISC conversion to an activated state was associated with decreased HOPX expression during in vitro recovery. In the present study, we wanted to evaluate the direct role of HOPX on cellular proliferation during recovery after injury. Our data demonstrated that during early in vivo recovery, injury-resistant HOPX+ cells maintain quiescence. Subsequent early regeneration within the intestinal crypt occurs around 2 days after injury, a period in which HOPX expression decreased. When HOPX was silenced in vitro, cellular proliferation of injured cells was promoted during recovery. This suggests that HOPX may serve a functional role in ISC-mediated regeneration after injury and could be a target to control ISC proliferation.NEW & NOTEWORTHY This paper supports that rISCs are resistant to ischemic injury and likely an important source of cellular renewal following near-complete epithelial loss. Furthermore, we have evidence that HOPX controls ISC activity state and may be a critical signaling pathway during ISC-mediated repair. Finally, we use multiple novel methods to evaluate ISCs in a translationally relevant large animal model of severe intestinal injury and provide evidence for the potential role of rISCs as therapeutic targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amy Stieler Stewart
- 1College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - Cecilia Renee Schaaf
- 1College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - Jennifer A. Luff
- 1College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - John M. Freund
- 1College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - Thomas C. Becker
- 2Duke Molecular Physiology Institute and Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Sara R. Tufts
- 1College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - James B. Robertson
- 1College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - Liara M. Gonzalez
- 1College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Hijazo-Pechero S, Alay A, Marín R, Vilariño N, Muñoz-Pinedo C, Villanueva A, Santamaría D, Nadal E, Solé X. Gene Expression Profiling as a Potential Tool for Precision Oncology in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:4734. [PMID: 34638221 PMCID: PMC8507534 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13194734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent technological advances and the application of high-throughput mutation and transcriptome analyses have improved our understanding of cancer diseases, including non-small cell lung cancer. For instance, genomic profiling has allowed the identification of mutational events which can be treated with specific agents. However, detection of DNA alterations does not fully recapitulate the complexity of the disease and it does not allow selection of patients that benefit from chemo- or immunotherapy. In this context, transcriptional profiling has emerged as a promising tool for patient stratification and treatment guidance. For instance, transcriptional profiling has proven to be especially useful in the context of acquired resistance to targeted therapies and patients lacking targetable genomic alterations. Moreover, the comprehensive characterization of the expression level of the different pathways and genes involved in tumor progression is likely to better predict clinical benefit from different treatments than single biomarkers such as PD-L1 or tumor mutational burden in the case of immunotherapy. However, intrinsic technical and analytical limitations have hindered the use of these expression signatures in the clinical setting. In this review, we will focus on the data reported on molecular classification of non-small cell lung cancer and discuss the potential of transcriptional profiling as a predictor of survival and as a patient stratification tool to further personalize treatments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Hijazo-Pechero
- Unit of Bioinformatics for Precision Oncology, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908 Barcelona, Spain; (S.H.-P.); (A.A.); (R.M.)
- Preclinical and Experimental Research in Thoracic Tumors (PrETT), Molecular Mechanisms and Experimental Therapy in Oncology Program (Oncobell), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908 Barcelona, Spain; (N.V.); (C.M.-P.)
| | - Ania Alay
- Unit of Bioinformatics for Precision Oncology, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908 Barcelona, Spain; (S.H.-P.); (A.A.); (R.M.)
- Preclinical and Experimental Research in Thoracic Tumors (PrETT), Molecular Mechanisms and Experimental Therapy in Oncology Program (Oncobell), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908 Barcelona, Spain; (N.V.); (C.M.-P.)
| | - Raúl Marín
- Unit of Bioinformatics for Precision Oncology, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908 Barcelona, Spain; (S.H.-P.); (A.A.); (R.M.)
- Preclinical and Experimental Research in Thoracic Tumors (PrETT), Molecular Mechanisms and Experimental Therapy in Oncology Program (Oncobell), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908 Barcelona, Spain; (N.V.); (C.M.-P.)
| | - Noelia Vilariño
- Preclinical and Experimental Research in Thoracic Tumors (PrETT), Molecular Mechanisms and Experimental Therapy in Oncology Program (Oncobell), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908 Barcelona, Spain; (N.V.); (C.M.-P.)
- Thoracic Oncology Unit, Department of Medical Oncology, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908 Barcelona, Spain
- Neuro-Oncology Unit, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge-ICO L’Hospitalet (IDIBELL), 08908 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina Muñoz-Pinedo
- Preclinical and Experimental Research in Thoracic Tumors (PrETT), Molecular Mechanisms and Experimental Therapy in Oncology Program (Oncobell), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908 Barcelona, Spain; (N.V.); (C.M.-P.)
| | - Alberto Villanueva
- Program Against Cancer Therapeutic Resistance (ProCURE), Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - David Santamaría
- INSERM U1218, ACTION Laboratory, Institut Européen de Chimie et Biologie (IECB), Université de Bordeaux, F-33607 Pessac, France;
| | - Ernest Nadal
- Preclinical and Experimental Research in Thoracic Tumors (PrETT), Molecular Mechanisms and Experimental Therapy in Oncology Program (Oncobell), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908 Barcelona, Spain; (N.V.); (C.M.-P.)
- Thoracic Oncology Unit, Department of Medical Oncology, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xavier Solé
- Unit of Bioinformatics for Precision Oncology, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908 Barcelona, Spain; (S.H.-P.); (A.A.); (R.M.)
- Preclinical and Experimental Research in Thoracic Tumors (PrETT), Molecular Mechanisms and Experimental Therapy in Oncology Program (Oncobell), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908 Barcelona, Spain; (N.V.); (C.M.-P.)
- CIBER (Consorcio de Investigación Biomédica en Red) Epidemiologia y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
The roles of epigenetics in cancer progression and metastasis. Biochem J 2021; 478:3373-3393. [PMID: 34520519 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20210084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Cancer metastasis remains a major clinical challenge for cancer treatment. It is therefore crucial to understand how cancer cells establish and maintain their metastatic traits. However, metastasis-specific genetic mutations have not been identified in most exome or genome sequencing studies. Emerging evidence suggests that key steps of metastasis are controlled by reversible epigenetic mechanisms, which can be targeted to prevent and treat the metastatic disease. A variety of epigenetic mechanisms were identified to regulate metastasis, including the well-studied DNA methylation and histone modifications. In the past few years, large scale chromatin structure alterations including reprogramming of the enhancers and chromatin accessibility to the transcription factors were shown to be potential driving force of cancer metastasis. To dissect the molecular mechanisms and functional output of these epigenetic changes, it is critical to use advanced techniques and alternative animal models for interdisciplinary and translational research on this topic. Here we summarize our current understanding of epigenetic aberrations in cancer progression and metastasis, and their implications in developing new effective metastasis-specific therapies.
Collapse
|
24
|
EMID1, a multifunctional molecule identified in a murine model for the invasion independent metastasis pathway. Sci Rep 2021; 11:16372. [PMID: 34385585 PMCID: PMC8361151 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-96006-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
EMI Domain Containing 1 (EMID1) was identified as a potential candidate metastasis-promoting gene. We sought to clarify the molecular function of EMID1 and the protein expression. Overexpression and knockdown studies using mouse tumor cell lines identified two novel functions of EMID1: intracellular signaling involving enhancement of cell growth via cell cycle promotion and suppression of cell motility, and inhibition of cell–matrix adhesion by extracellularly secreted EMID1. EMID1 deposited on the culture dish induced self-detachment of cells that overexpressed the protein and inhibited adhesion of additionally seeded cells. This multifunctional property involving both intracellular signaling and the extracellular matrix suggests that EMID1 may be a matricellular proteins. Expression analysis using immunohistochemical staining revealed expression of EMID1 that was limited to chief cells of the gastric fundic gland and β cells of the pancreatic islets in normal adult human tissues, implying cell-specific functions of this molecule. In addition, increased expression of EMID1 protein detected in some cases of human cancers implies that EMID1 might be a new therapeutic target for cancer treatment.
Collapse
|
25
|
HOPX Exhibits Oncogenic Activity during Squamous Skin Carcinogenesis. J Invest Dermatol 2021; 141:2354-2368. [PMID: 33845078 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2020.04.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2018] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) are frequent heterogeneous tumors arising from sun-exposed regions of the skin and characterized by complex pathogenesis. HOPX is a member of the homeodomain-containing superfamily of proteins holding an atypical homeodomain unable to bind to DNA. First discovered in the heart as a regulator of cardiac development, in the skin, HOPX modulates the terminal differentiation of keratinocytes. There is a particular interest in studying HOPX in squamous skin carcinogenesis because it has the atypical structure and the functional duality as an oncogene and a tumor suppressor gene, reported in different malignancies. In this study, we analyzed the effects of HOPX knockdown and overexpression on SCC tumorigenicity in vitro and in vivo. Our data show that HOPX knockdown in SCC cells inhibits their proliferative and invasive activity through the acceleration of apoptosis. We established that methylation of two alternative HOPX promoters leads to differential expression of HOPX transcripts in normal keratinocytes and SCC cells. Importantly, we report that HOPX acts as an oncogene in the pathogenesis of SCC probably through the activation of the second alternative promoter and the modulation of apoptosis.
Collapse
|
26
|
Jin H, Liu K, Tang J, Huang X, Wang H, Zhang Q, Zhu H, Li Y, Pu W, Zhao H, He L, Li Y, Zhang S, Zhang Z, Zhao Y, Qin Y, Pflanz S, Kasmi KEI, Zhang W, Liu Z, Ginhoux F, Ji Y, He B, Wang L, Zhou B. Genetic fate-mapping reveals surface accumulation but not deep organ invasion of pleural and peritoneal cavity macrophages following injury. Nat Commun 2021; 12:2863. [PMID: 34001904 PMCID: PMC8129080 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-23197-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
During injury, monocytes are recruited from the circulation to inflamed tissues and differentiate locally into mature macrophages, with prior reports showing that cavity macrophages of the peritoneum and pericardium invade deeply into the respective organs to promote repair. Here we report a dual recombinase-mediated genetic system designed to trace cavity macrophages in vivo by intersectional detection of two characteristic markers. Lineage tracing with this method shows accumulation of cavity macrophages during lung and liver injury on the surface of visceral organs without penetration into the parenchyma. Additional data suggest that these peritoneal or pleural cavity macrophages do not contribute to tissue repair and regeneration. Our in vivo genetic targeting approach thus provides a reliable method to identify and characterize cavity macrophages during their development and in tissue repair and regeneration, and distinguishes these cells from other lineages.
Collapse
Grants
- This study was supported by the National key Research & Development Program of China (2019YFA0110403, 2019YFA0802000, 2018YFA0108100, 2018YFA0107900, 2019YFA0802803, 2020YFA0803202), National Science Foundation of China (8208810001, 31730112, 31625019, 91849202, 31922032, 81872241, 31900625, 32050087, 32070727, 31801215), Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS, XDA16010507, XDB19000000), Key Project of Frontier Sciences of CAS (QYZDB-SSW-SMC003), Shanghai Science and Technology Commission (19JC1415700, 19YF1455300, 19ZR1479800, 20QC1401000, 18YF1427600), Collaborative Innovation Program of Shanghai Municipal Health Commission (2020CXJQ01), the Pearl River Talent Recruitment Program of Guangdong Province (2017ZT07S347)
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hengwei Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Kuo Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- School of Life Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Juan Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiuzhen Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Haixiao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Qianyu Zhang
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenjuan Pu
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Huan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Lingjuan He
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Shaohua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhenqian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yufei Zhao
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanqing Qin
- Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Stefan Pflanz
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co KG, Biberach an der Riss, Germany
| | - Karim E I Kasmi
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co KG, Biberach an der Riss, Germany
| | - Weiyi Zhang
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co KG, Biberach an der Riss, Germany
| | - Zhaoyuan Liu
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Florent Ginhoux
- Singapore Immunology Network, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yong Ji
- The Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ben He
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lixin Wang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
- School of Life Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China.
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Aissa AF, Islam ABMMK, Ariss MM, Go CC, Rader AE, Conrardy RD, Gajda AM, Rubio-Perez C, Valyi-Nagy K, Pasquinelli M, Feldman LE, Green SJ, Lopez-Bigas N, Frolov MV, Benevolenskaya EV. Single-cell transcriptional changes associated with drug tolerance and response to combination therapies in cancer. Nat Commun 2021; 12:1628. [PMID: 33712615 PMCID: PMC7955121 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-21884-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Tyrosine kinase inhibitors were found to be clinically effective for treatment of patients with certain subsets of cancers carrying somatic mutations in receptor tyrosine kinases. However, the duration of clinical response is often limited, and patients ultimately develop drug resistance. Here, we use single-cell RNA sequencing to demonstrate the existence of multiple cancer cell subpopulations within cell lines, xenograft tumors and patient tumors. These subpopulations exhibit epigenetic changes and differential therapeutic sensitivity. Recurrently overrepresented ontologies in genes that are differentially expressed between drug tolerant cell populations and drug sensitive cells include epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, epithelium development, vesicle mediated transport, drug metabolism and cholesterol homeostasis. We show analysis of identified markers using the LINCS database to predict and functionally validate small molecules that target selected drug tolerant cell populations. In combination with EGFR inhibitors, crizotinib inhibits the emergence of a defined subset of EGFR inhibitor-tolerant clones. In this study, we describe the spectrum of changes associated with drug tolerance and inhibition of specific tolerant cell subpopulations with combination agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre F Aissa
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Abul B M M K Islam
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Majd M Ariss
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Cammille C Go
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Alexandra E Rader
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Ryan D Conrardy
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Alexa M Gajda
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Carlota Rubio-Perez
- Biomedical Genomics Lab, Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Klara Valyi-Nagy
- Department of Pathology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Mary Pasquinelli
- Department of Medicine, Section of Hematology/Oncology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Lawrence E Feldman
- Department of Medicine, Section of Hematology/Oncology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Stefan J Green
- Genome Research Core, Research Resources Center, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Nuria Lopez-Bigas
- Biomedical Genomics Lab, Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maxim V Frolov
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Huang R, Zeng Z, Yan P, Yin H, Zhu X, Hu P, Zhuang J, Li J, Li S, Song D, Meng T, Huang Z. Targeting Lymphotoxin Beta and Paired Box 5: a potential therapeutic strategy for soft tissue sarcoma metastasis. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:3. [PMID: 33397394 PMCID: PMC7784354 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-020-01632-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Soft tissue sarcomas (STS) has a high rate of early metastasis. In this study, we aimed to uncover the potential metastasis mechanisms and related signaling pathways in STS with differentially expressed genes and tumor-infiltrating cells. Methods RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) of 261 STS samples downloaded from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database were used to identify metastasis-related differentially expressed immune genes and transcription factors (TFs), whose relationship was constructed by Pearson correlation analysis. Metastasis-related prediction model was established based on the most significant immune genes. CIBERSORT algorithm was performed to identify significant immune cells co-expressed with key immune genes. The GSVA and GSEA were performed to identify prognosis-related KEGG pathways. Ultimately, we used the Pearson correlation analysis to explore the relationship among immune genes, immune cells, and KEGG pathways. Additionally, key genes and regulatory mechanisms were validated by single-cell RNA sequencing and ChIP sequencing data. Results A total of 204 immune genes and 12 TFs, were identified. The prediction model achieved a satisfactory effectiveness in distant metastasis with the Area Under Curve (AUC) of 0.808. LTB was significantly correlated with PAX5 (P < 0.001, R = 0.829) and hematopoietic cell lineage pathway (P < 0.001, R = 0.375). The transcriptional regulatory pattern between PAX5 and LTB was validated by ChIP sequencing data. Conclusions We hypothesized that down-regulated LTB (immune gene) modulated by PAX5 (TF) in STSs may have the capability of inducing cancer cell metastasis in patients with STS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Runzhi Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 1 East Jianshe Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.,Division of Spine, Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, 389 Xincun Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiwei Zeng
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 1 East Jianshe Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Penghui Yan
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 1 East Jianshe Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Huabin Yin
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai General Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, 100 Haining Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaolong Zhu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 1 East Jianshe Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Peng Hu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 1 East Jianshe Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Juanwei Zhuang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 1 East Jianshe Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Jiaju Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 1 East Jianshe Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Siqi Li
- Tongji University School of Medicine, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Dianwen Song
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai General Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, 100 Haining Road, Shanghai, China.
| | - Tong Meng
- Division of Spine, Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, 389 Xincun Road, Shanghai, China. .,Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai General Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, 100 Haining Road, Shanghai, China.
| | - Zongqiang Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 1 East Jianshe Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Han K, Blair RV, Iwanaga N, Liu F, Russell-Lodrigue KE, Qin Z, Midkiff CC, Golden NA, Doyle-Meyers LA, Kabir ME, Chandler KE, Cutrera KL, Ren M, Monjure CJ, Lehmicke G, Fischer T, Beddingfield B, Wanek AG, Birnbaum A, Maness NJ, Roy CJ, Datta PK, Rappaport J, Kolls JK, Qin X. Lung Expression of Human Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 Sensitizes the Mouse to SARS-CoV-2 Infection. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2021; 64:79-88. [PMID: 32991819 PMCID: PMC7781002 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2020-0354oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Preclinical mouse models that recapitulate some characteristics of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) will facilitate focused study of pathogenesis and virus-host responses. Human agniotensin-converting enzyme 2 (hACE2) serves as an entry receptor for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) to infect people via binding to envelope spike proteins. Herein we report development and characterization of a rapidly deployable COVID-19 mouse model. C57BL/6J (B6) mice expressing hACE2 in the lung were transduced by oropharyngeal delivery of the recombinant human adenovirus type 5 that expresses hACE2 (Ad5-hACE2). Mice were infected with SARS-CoV-2 at Day 4 after transduction and developed interstitial pneumonia associated with perivascular inflammation, accompanied by significantly higher viral load in lungs at Days 3, 6, and 12 after infection compared with Ad5-empty control group. SARS-CoV-2 was detected in pneumocytes in alveolar septa. Transcriptomic analysis of lungs demonstrated that the infected Ad5-hACE mice had a significant increase in IFN-dependent chemokines Cxcl9 and Cxcl10, and genes associated with effector T-cell populations including Cd3 g, Cd8a, and Gzmb. Pathway analysis showed that several Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways were enriched in the data set, including cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, the chemokine signaling pathway, the NOD-like receptor signaling pathway, the measles pathway, and the IL-17 signaling pathway. This response is correlative to clinical response in lungs of patients with COVID-19. These results demonstrate that expression of hACE2 via adenovirus delivery system sensitized the mouse to SARS-CoV-2 infection and resulted in the development of a mild COVID-19 phenotype, highlighting the immune and inflammatory host responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection. This rapidly deployable COVID-19 mouse model is useful for preclinical and pathogenesis studies of COVID-19.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kun Han
- Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington, Louisiana; and
| | - Robert V. Blair
- Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington, Louisiana; and
| | - Naoki Iwanaga
- Department of Medicine and Department of Pediatrics, Center for Translational Research in Infection and Inflammation, and
| | - Fengming Liu
- Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington, Louisiana; and
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | | | - Zhongnan Qin
- Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington, Louisiana; and
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | | | - Nadia A. Golden
- Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington, Louisiana; and
| | | | - Mohammad E. Kabir
- Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington, Louisiana; and
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | | | | | - Mi Ren
- Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington, Louisiana; and
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | | | - Gabrielle Lehmicke
- Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington, Louisiana; and
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Tracy Fischer
- Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington, Louisiana; and
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | | | - Alanna G. Wanek
- Department of Medicine and Department of Pediatrics, Center for Translational Research in Infection and Inflammation, and
| | - Angela Birnbaum
- Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington, Louisiana; and
| | - Nicholas J. Maness
- Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington, Louisiana; and
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Chad J. Roy
- Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington, Louisiana; and
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Prasun K. Datta
- Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington, Louisiana; and
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Jay Rappaport
- Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington, Louisiana; and
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Jay K. Kolls
- Department of Medicine and Department of Pediatrics, Center for Translational Research in Infection and Inflammation, and
| | - Xuebin Qin
- Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington, Louisiana; and
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
The role of HOPX in normal tissues and tumor progression. Biosci Rep 2020; 40:221873. [PMID: 31934721 PMCID: PMC6997107 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20191953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Revised: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The homeodomain-only protein homeobox (HOPX) as the smallest homeodomain protein, lacks certain conserved residues required for DNA binding. Through our literature search, we reviewed the current understandings of HOPX in normal tissues and tumor progression. HOPX was initially identified as a critical transcription factor in various normal tissues, which interacted with serum response factor (SRF) or other substance to regulate normal physiological function. However, HOPX is at a low expression or methylation level in tumors. These data indicated that HOPX may play a very important role in regulating differentiation phenotype and tumor suppressive function. We predicted the prognosis of HOPX in tumors from TCGA database and discussed the downstream genes of HOPX. To understand how HOPX is involved in the mechanisms between physical and pathological conditions could lead to novel therapeutic strategies for treatment.
Collapse
|
31
|
Expression patterns of seven key genes, including β-catenin, Notch1, GATA6, CDX2, miR-34a, miR-181a and miR-93 in gastric cancer. Sci Rep 2020; 10:12342. [PMID: 32704077 PMCID: PMC7378835 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-69308-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most prevalent cancers and a major cause of cancer related mortality worldwide. Incidence of GC is affected by various factors, including genetic and environmental factors. Despite extensive research has been done for molecular characterization of GC, it remains largely unknown. Therefore, further studies specially conducted among various ethnicities in different geographic locations, are required to know the precise molecular mechanisms leading to tumorigenesis and progression of GC. The expression patterns of seven candidate genes, including β-catenin, Notch1, GATA6, CDX2, miR-34a, miR-181a, and miR-93 were determined in 24 paired GC tissues and corresponding non-cancerous tissues by quantitative Real-Time PCR. The association between the expression of these genes and clinicopathologic factors were also investigated. Our results demonstrated that overall mRNA levels of GATA6 were significantly decreased in the tumor samples in comparison with the non-cancerous tissues (median fold change (FC) = 0.3143; P = 0.0003). Overall miR-93 levels were significantly increased in the tumor samples relative to the non-cancerous gastric tissues (FC = 2.441; P = 0.0002). β-catenin mRNA expression showed a strong positive correlation with miR-34a (r = 0.5784; P = 0.0031), and miR-181a (r = 0.5652; P = 0.004) expression. miR-34a and miR-181a expression showed a significant positive correlation (r = 0.4862; P = 0.016). Moreover, lower expression of Notch1 was related to distant metastasis in GC patients with a borderline statistical significance (p = 0.0549). These data may advance our understanding of the molecular biology that drives GC as well as provide potential targets for defining novel therapeutic strategies for GC treatment.
Collapse
|
32
|
Xu Y, Wu H, Wu L, Xu L, Li J, Wang Q, Pu X. Silencing of long non-coding RNA SOX21-AS1 inhibits lung adenocarcinoma invasion and migration by impairing TSPAN8 via transcription factor GATA6. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 164:1294-1303. [PMID: 32698071 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.07.172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Here, we revealed the novel role of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) SOX21 antisense RNA 1 (SOX21-AS1)/TSPAN8/GATA6 in progression of lung adenocarcinoma. SOX21-AS1 expression was quantified in lung adenocarcinoma tissues and cells by RT-qPCR. Then, gain- and loss-of-function experiments were conducted in lung adenocarcinoma cells. Expression of GATA6, TSPAN8 and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signaling pathway-related genes was determined in lung adenocarcinoma cells by western blot analysis. The interaction and relationship among SOX21-AS1, GATA6 and TSPAN8 were predicted and verified respectively by RNA pull down, RIP, ChIP, and dual-luciferase reporter assays. Next, lung adenocarcinoma cell proliferation, colony formation, invasion and migration were assessed by 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine staining, colony formation assay and Transwell assay. Xenograft tumors were established in nude mice and the tumor growth was observed and recorded. SOX21-AS1 was observed to be highly expressed in lung adenocarcinoma tissues. The overexpression of SOX21-AS1, GATA6 or TSPAN8 obviously enhanced cell biological functions in lung adenocarcinoma. Meanwhile, SOX21-AS1 interacted with GATA6 which bound to TSPAN8 promoter and promoted TSPAN8 expression, which further enhanced cell colony formation, proliferation and invasion, and also activated ERK signaling pathway. Silencing of SOX21-AS1 and inhibiting its binding to GATA6 downregulate TSPAN8 and thereby exert anti-oncogenic effects in lung adenocarcinoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Xu
- Department of Thoracic Medicine Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410013, PR China
| | - Hongwei Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410013, PR China
| | - Lin Wu
- Department of Thoracic Medicine Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410013, PR China
| | - Li Xu
- Department of Thoracic Medicine Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410013, PR China
| | - Jia Li
- Department of Thoracic Medicine Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410013, PR China
| | - Qianzhi Wang
- Department of Thoracic Medicine Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410013, PR China
| | - Xingxiang Pu
- Department of Thoracic Medicine Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410013, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Strunz M, Simon LM, Ansari M, Kathiriya JJ, Angelidis I, Mayr CH, Tsidiridis G, Lange M, Mattner LF, Yee M, Ogar P, Sengupta A, Kukhtevich I, Schneider R, Zhao Z, Voss C, Stoeger T, Neumann JHL, Hilgendorff A, Behr J, O'Reilly M, Lehmann M, Burgstaller G, Königshoff M, Chapman HA, Theis FJ, Schiller HB. Alveolar regeneration through a Krt8+ transitional stem cell state that persists in human lung fibrosis. Nat Commun 2020; 11:3559. [PMID: 32678092 PMCID: PMC7366678 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-17358-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 351] [Impact Index Per Article: 87.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The cell type specific sequences of transcriptional programs during lung regeneration have remained elusive. Using time-series single cell RNA-seq of the bleomycin lung injury model, we resolved transcriptional dynamics for 28 cell types. Trajectory modeling together with lineage tracing revealed that airway and alveolar stem cells converge on a unique Krt8 + transitional stem cell state during alveolar regeneration. These cells have squamous morphology, feature p53 and NFkB activation and display transcriptional features of cellular senescence. The Krt8+ state appears in several independent models of lung injury and persists in human lung fibrosis, creating a distinct cell-cell communication network with mesenchyme and macrophages during repair. We generated a model of gene regulatory programs leading to Krt8+ transitional cells and their terminal differentiation to alveolar type-1 cells. We propose that in lung fibrosis, perturbed molecular checkpoints on the way to terminal differentiation can cause aberrant persistence of regenerative intermediate stem cell states.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian Strunz
- Institute of Lung Biology and Disease and Comprehensive Pneumology Center with the CPC-M bioArchive, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Lukas M Simon
- Institute of Computational Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
- Center for Precision Health, School of Biomedical Informatics, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Meshal Ansari
- Institute of Lung Biology and Disease and Comprehensive Pneumology Center with the CPC-M bioArchive, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
- Institute of Computational Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
| | - Jaymin J Kathiriya
- Biomedical Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Ilias Angelidis
- Institute of Lung Biology and Disease and Comprehensive Pneumology Center with the CPC-M bioArchive, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Christoph H Mayr
- Institute of Lung Biology and Disease and Comprehensive Pneumology Center with the CPC-M bioArchive, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - George Tsidiridis
- Institute of Computational Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
| | - Marius Lange
- Institute of Computational Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
- Department of Mathematics, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Laura F Mattner
- Institute of Lung Biology and Disease and Comprehensive Pneumology Center with the CPC-M bioArchive, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Min Yee
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Paulina Ogar
- Institute of Lung Biology and Disease and Comprehensive Pneumology Center with the CPC-M bioArchive, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Arunima Sengupta
- Institute of Lung Biology and Disease and Comprehensive Pneumology Center with the CPC-M bioArchive, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Igor Kukhtevich
- Institute of Functional Epigenetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
| | - Robert Schneider
- Institute of Functional Epigenetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
| | - Zhongming Zhao
- Center for Precision Health, School of Biomedical Informatics, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Carola Voss
- Institute of Lung Biology and Disease and Comprehensive Pneumology Center with the CPC-M bioArchive, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Tobias Stoeger
- Institute of Lung Biology and Disease and Comprehensive Pneumology Center with the CPC-M bioArchive, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Jens H L Neumann
- Institute of Pathology, Ludwig Maximilians University Hospital Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Anne Hilgendorff
- Institute of Lung Biology and Disease and Comprehensive Pneumology Center with the CPC-M bioArchive, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
- Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Center for Comprehensive Developmental Care (CDeCLMU), Department of Neonatology, Perinatal Center Grosshadern, Hospital of the Ludwig-Maximilians University (LMU), Munich, Germany
| | - Jürgen Behr
- Institute of Lung Biology and Disease and Comprehensive Pneumology Center with the CPC-M bioArchive, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
- Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Department of Internal Medicine V, Ludwig Maximilians University Hospital (LMU) Munich, Munich, Germany
- Asklepios Fachkliniken in Munich-Gauting, Munich, Germany
| | - Michael O'Reilly
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Mareike Lehmann
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center (CPC), Research Unit Lung Repair and Regeneration, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Gerald Burgstaller
- Institute of Lung Biology and Disease and Comprehensive Pneumology Center with the CPC-M bioArchive, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Melanie Königshoff
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center (CPC), Research Unit Lung Repair and Regeneration, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
- University of Colorado, Department of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Harold A Chapman
- Biomedical Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Fabian J Theis
- Institute of Computational Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany.
- Department of Mathematics, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany.
| | - Herbert B Schiller
- Institute of Lung Biology and Disease and Comprehensive Pneumology Center with the CPC-M bioArchive, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Chen W, Chen Z, Zhang M, Tian Y, Liu L, Lan R, Zeng G, Fu X, Ru G, Liu W, Chen L, Fan Z. GATA6 Exerts Potent Lung Cancer Suppressive Function by Inducing Cell Senescence. Front Oncol 2020; 10:824. [PMID: 32596145 PMCID: PMC7304445 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2019] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Tumor suppressor genes (TSGs) play a critical role in restricting tumorigenesis and impact the therapeutic effect of various treatments. However, TSGs remain to be systemically determined in lung cancer. Here, we identified GATA6 as a potent lung cancer TSG. GATA6 inhibited lung cancer cell growth in vitro and tumorigenesis in vivo. Mechanistically, GATA6 upregulated p53 and p21 mRNA while it inhibited AKT activation to stabilize p21 protein, thus inducing lung cancer cell senescence. Furthermore, we showed that ectopic expression of GATA6 led to dramatic slowdown of growth rate of established lung tumor xenograft in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wensheng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education, Institute of Life and Health Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhipeng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education, Institute of Life and Health Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Miaomiao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education, Institute of Life and Health Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yahui Tian
- Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education, Institute of Life and Health Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education, Institute of Life and Health Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ruirui Lan
- International Department, The Affiliated High School of SCNU, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guandi Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education, Institute of Life and Health Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaolong Fu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guoqing Ru
- Department of Pathology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wanting Liu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education, Institute of Life and Health Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education, Institute of Life and Health Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhenzhen Fan
- Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education, Institute of Life and Health Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Arnal-Estapé A, Cai WL, Albert AE, Zhao M, Stevens LE, López-Giráldez F, Patel KD, Tyagi S, Schmitt EM, Westbrook TF, Nguyen DX. Tumor progression and chromatin landscape of lung cancer are regulated by the lineage factor GATA6. Oncogene 2020; 39:3726-3737. [PMID: 32157212 PMCID: PMC7190573 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-020-1246-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Lineage selective transcription factors (TFs) are important regulators of tumorigenesis, but their biological functions are often context dependent with undefined epigenetic mechanisms of action. In this study, we uncover a conditional role for the endodermal and pulmonary specifying TF GATA6 in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) progression. Impairing Gata6 in genetically engineered mouse models reduces the proliferation and increases the differentiation of Kras mutant LUAD tumors. These effects are influenced by the epithelial cell type that is targeted for transformation and genetic context of Kras-mediated tumor initiation. In LUAD cells derived from surfactant protein C expressing progenitors, we identify multiple genomic loci that are bound by GATA6. Moreover, suppression of Gata6 in these cells significantly alters chromatin accessibility, particularly at distal enhancer elements. Analogous to its paradoxical activity in lung development, GATA6 expression fluctuates during different stages of LUAD progression and can epigenetically control diverse transcriptional programs associated with bone morphogenetic protein signaling, alveolar specification, and tumor suppression. These findings reveal how GATA6 can modulate the chromatin landscape of lung cancer cells to control their proliferation and divergent lineage dependencies during tumor progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Arnal-Estapé
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.,Yale Cancer Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Wesley L Cai
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Alexandra E Albert
- Department of Cell Biology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Minghui Zhao
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Laura E Stevens
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.,Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Kiran D Patel
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Siddhartha Tyagi
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Molecular & Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Earlene M Schmitt
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Molecular & Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Thomas F Westbrook
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Molecular & Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.,Therapeutic Innovation Center (THINC), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Don X Nguyen
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA. .,Yale Cancer Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA. .,Department of Medicine (Medical Oncology), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Wang C, Liu Q, Huang M, Zhou Q, Zhang X, Zhang J, Xie R, Yu Y, Chen S, Fan J, Chen X. Loss of GATA6 expression promotes lymphatic metastasis in bladder cancer. FASEB J 2020; 34:5754-5766. [PMID: 32103545 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201903176r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Lymph node metastasis is associated with tumor relapse and poor patient prognosis in bladder cancer. However, the mechanisms by which bladder carcinoma cells induce lymphangiogenesis and further promote metastasis in the lymphatic system remain unclear. Here, we show that the transcription factor GATA-binding factor 6 (GATA6) was substantially downregulated in bladder cancer via promoter hypermethylation. Low-level GATA6 expression significantly correlated with lymph node metastasis positivity and was able to predict earlier relapse and shorter survival of bladder cancer. Reconstitution of GATA6 inhibited lymphangiogenesis and lymph node metastasis in GATA6-low bladder cancer cells, while silencing of GATA6 rendered lymphatic metastasis in GATA6-high bladder cancer cells. Additionally, we demonstrated that GATA6 bound to the promoter of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-C, a lymphangiogenic factor, and acted as a transcriptional repressor. This GATA6/VEGF-C axis was essential for GATA6-mediated lymphatic metastasis. In bladder cancer patients, low GATA6 correlated with high VEGF-C and reduced overall survival. These findings indicate GATA6 as a pivotal regulator in the lymphatic dissemination of bladder cancer and suggest a new therapeutic target for the disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chanjuan Wang
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qinghua Liu
- Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ming Huang
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qianghua Zhou
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyu Zhang
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jingtong Zhang
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ruihui Xie
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanqi Yu
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shang Chen
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianbing Fan
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xu Chen
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
miR-196b-5p-mediated downregulation of TSPAN12 and GATA6 promotes tumor progression in non-small cell lung cancer. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:4347-4357. [PMID: 32041891 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1917531117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for over 80% of lung cancer cases. The RNA binding protein, QKI, belongs to the STAR family and plays tumor-suppressive functions in NSCLC. QKI-5 is a major isoform of QKIs and is predominantly expressed in NSCLC. However, the underlying mechanisms of QKI-5 in NSCLC progression remain unclear. We found that QKI-5 regulated microRNA (miRNA), miR-196b-5p, and its expression was significantly up-regulated in NSCLC tissues. Up-regulated miR-196b-5p promotes lung cancer cell migration, proliferation, and cell cycle through directly targeting the tumor suppressors, GATA6 and TSPAN12. Both GATA6 and TSPAN12 expressions were down-regulated in NSCLC patient tissue samples and were negatively correlated with miR-196b-5p expression. Mouse xenograft models demonstrated that miR-196b-5p functions as a potent onco-miRNA, whereas TSPAN12 functions as a tumor suppressor in NSCLC in vivo. QKI-5 bound to miR-196b-5p and influenced its stability, resulting in up-regulated miR-196b-5p expression in NSCLC. Further analysis showed that hypomethylation in the promoter region enhanced miR-196b-5p expression in NSCLC. Our findings indicate that QKI-5 may exhibit novel anticancer mechanisms by regulating miRNA in NSCLC, and targeting the QKI5∼miR-196b-5p∼GATA6/TSPAN12 pathway may enable effectively treating some NSCLCs.
Collapse
|
38
|
Ooizumi Y, Katoh H, Yokota M, Watanabe M, Yamashita K. Epigenetic silencing of HOPX is critically involved in aggressive phenotypes and patient prognosis in papillary thyroid cancer. Oncotarget 2019; 10:5906-5918. [PMID: 31666923 PMCID: PMC6800262 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.27187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
HOPX is involved in multiple organ development and acts as a tumor suppressor in various cancers. Epigenetic silencing of HOPX via its promoter methylation has been shown frequent and cancer-specific in human cancers. The proliferation of thyroid cancer cells and cancer progression are strongly influenced by epigenetic alterations as well as genetic changes. Papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) comprises the vast majority of thyroid cancers and exhibits slow progression. However, ~10% of patients still show disease recurrence and refractoriness to treatment. Accordingly, it is important approach to research epigenetic mechanisms in PTC progression to find useful biomarkers. Here, we aimed to seek into the roles and clinical impact of epigenetic silencing of HOPX in PTC. The promoter methylation of HOPX was observed in five of six human thyroid cancer cell lines. Down-regulation of HOPX was seen in three cell lines including PTC line K1, and demethylating agents restored HOPX expression. The promoter methylation was observed with high sensitivity and specificity in human PTC tissues. HOPX promoter methylation independently predicted disease recurrence in PTC patients. Epigenetic silencing of HOPX was associated with Ki-67 expression. Of note, HOPX promoter methylation was dramatically associated with worse prognosis especially in patients with stage I PTC. Forced HOPX expression suppressed cell proliferation, invasive activities, and anchorage-independent growth in vitro. HOPX promoter methylation is frequent and cancer-specific event, leading to aggressive phenotype in PTC. Epigenetic silencing of HOPX may be a clue to tackle cancer progression and have clinical impact as a novel biomarker in PTC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yosuke Ooizumi
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Katoh
- Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Kitasato University Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Mitsuo Yokota
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan.,Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Kitasato University Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Masahiko Watanabe
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Keishi Yamashita
- Department of Surgery, Kitasato University Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan.,Division of Advanced Surgical Oncology, Research and Development Center for New Medical Frontiers, Kitasato University Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Albert AE, Adua SJ, Cai WL, Arnal-Estapé A, Cline GW, Liu Z, Zhao M, Cao PD, Mariappan M, Nguyen DX. Adaptive Protein Translation by the Integrated Stress Response Maintains the Proliferative and Migratory Capacity of Lung Adenocarcinoma Cells. Mol Cancer Res 2019; 17:2343-2355. [PMID: 31551255 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-19-0245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Revised: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The integrated stress response (ISR) is a conserved pathway that is activated by cells that are exposed to stress. In lung adenocarcinoma, activation of the ATF4 branch of the ISR by certain oncogenic mutations has been linked to the regulation of amino acid metabolism. In the present study, we provide evidence for ATF4 activation across multiple stages and molecular subtypes of human lung adenocarcinoma. In response to extracellular amino acid limitation, lung adenocarcinoma cells with diverse genotypes commonly induce ATF4 in an eIF2α-dependent manner, which can be blocked pharmacologically using an ISR inhibitor. Although suppressing eIF2α or ATF4 can trigger different biological consequences, adaptive cell-cycle progression and cell migration are particularly sensitive to inhibition of the ISR. These phenotypes require the ATF4 target gene asparagine synthetase (ASNS), which maintains protein translation independently of the mTOR/PI3K pathway. Moreover, NRF2 protein levels and oxidative stress can be modulated by the ISR downstream of ASNS. Finally, we demonstrate that ASNS controls the biosynthesis of select proteins, including the cell-cycle regulator cyclin B1, which are associated with poor lung adenocarcinoma patient outcome. Our findings uncover new regulatory layers of the ISR pathway and its control of proteostasis in lung cancer cells. IMPLICATIONS: We reveal novel regulatory mechanisms by which the ISR controls selective protein translation and is required for cell-cycle progression and migration of lung cancer cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra E Albert
- Department of Cell Biology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Sally J Adua
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Wesley L Cai
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Anna Arnal-Estapé
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.,Yale Cancer Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Gary W Cline
- Department of Medicine (Internal Medicine), Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Zongzhi Liu
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Minghui Zhao
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Paul D Cao
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | | | - Don X Nguyen
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut. .,Yale Cancer Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.,Department of Medicine (Medical Oncology), Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Liu R, Chen Z, Wang S, Zhao G, Gu Y, Han Q, Chen B. Screening of key genes associated with R‑CHOP immunochemotherapy and construction of a prognostic risk model in diffuse large B‑cell lymphoma. Mol Med Rep 2019; 20:3679-3690. [PMID: 31485671 PMCID: PMC6755150 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is a common subtype of non-Hodgkin lymphoma, which is curable in the majority of patients treated with rituximab plus cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine and prednisone (R-CHOP) immunochemotherapy. However, the therapeutic mechanism of R-CHOP has not been elucidated. The GSE32918 and GSE57611 datasets were retrieved from The Gene Expression Omnibus database. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) associated with R-CHOP therapy were identified using limma. Combined with prognostic information in GSE32918, DEGs found to be significantly associated with prognosis were selected using univariate Cox regression analysis and a risk prediction model was constructed. Based on this model, the samples in the training set (GSE32918) were divided into high and low risk score groups according to the median risk score. A total of 801 DEGs were identified between the R-CHOP treated DLBCL and primary DLBCL samples, from this 116 prognosis-associated genes were selected. Using Cox proportional hazards model, an optimal combination of 12 genes [including calcium/calmodulin dependent protein kinase I (CAMK1), hippocalcin like 4 (HPCAL4) and ephrin A5 (EFNA5)] was selected, and the sample risk score prediction model was constructed and validated. The DEGs between high risk score and low risk score groups were significantly enriched in functions associated with ‘response to DNA damage stimulus’, and pathways including ‘cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction’ and ‘cell cycle’. The optimal combination of the 12 genes, including CAMK1, HPCAL4 and EFNA5, was found to be useful in predicting the prognosis of patients with DLBCL after R-CHOP treatment. Therefore, these genes may be affected by R-CHOP in DLBCL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ran Liu
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Zhongda Hospital Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P.R. China
| | - Zhi Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P.R. China
| | - Shujun Wang
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Nanjing General Hospital of PLA, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P.R. China
| | - Gang Zhao
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Zhongda Hospital Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P.R. China
| | - Yan Gu
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Zhongda Hospital Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P.R. China
| | - Qi Han
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Zhongda Hospital Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P.R. China
| | - Baoan Chen
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Zhongda Hospital Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Sun Z, Yan B. Multiple roles and regulatory mechanisms of the transcription factor GATA6 in human cancers. Clin Genet 2019; 97:64-72. [PMID: 31437305 DOI: 10.1111/cge.13630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Revised: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is a common type of non-communicable disease, and its morbidity and mortality are rapidly increasing. It is expected to become the largest obstacle to the promotion of global human health in the future. Some transcription factors that play important regulatory roles in embryogenesis and subsequent tissue maintenance can be selectively amplified during tumorigenesis. Due to its high expression in the embryonic endoderm and mesoderm, GATA6 plays a crucial role in the normal development of early human heart, lung, digestive system, adrenal glands, breasts, ovaries, retina, skin, and nervous system. Up to now, overexpression of the GATA6 gene has been shown to play an important role in several cancers, including lung cancer, digestive system tumors, breast cancer, and ovarian cancer. However, the human body is a complex organism, which causes the transcription factor GATA6 to have multiple roles in cancer. In this review, we summarize the multiple roles of transcription factor GATA6 in various cancers and its regulatory mechanisms. The aim is to better understand the relationship between GATA6 gene expression and cancer development and to provide new insights for exploring potential therapeutic targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoqing Sun
- Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Bo Yan
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiac Disease Diagnosis and Treatment, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, China.,The Center for Molecular Genetics of Cardiovascular Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, China.,Shandong Provincial Sino-US Cooperation Research Center for Translational Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, China
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Xu L, Deng S, Xiong H, Shi W, Luo S, Chen L. GATA-6 transcriptionally inhibits Shh to repress cell proliferation and migration in lung squamous cell carcinoma. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2019; 115:105591. [PMID: 31442607 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2019.105591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Revised: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
GATA-6 is a transcription factor that participates in cell lineage differentiation and organogenesis in many tissue types. The abnormal expression of GATA-6 is associated with the development of diverse cancers. GATA-6 acts as an oncogene or tumor suppressor based on tumor origin. Here, we investigated the effects of GATA-6 on lung squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC). We found that GATA-6 was significantly reduced in LSCC tissues compared with the paired normal tissues. The overexpression of GATA-6 inhibited LSCC cell proliferation and migration. Importantly, a luciferase reporter assay and chromatin immunoprecipitation assay demonstrated that GATA-6 negatively regulated the expression of sonic hedgehog (Shh) by directly binding to its promoter region. Furthermore, N-Shh stimulation rescued the inhibition of LSCC cell proliferation and migration upon GATA-6 overexpression. Thus, GATA-6 inhibited the proliferation and migration of LSCC cells by transcriptionally inhibiting the expression of Shh, indicating that targeting GATA-6 may be a potential approach for LSCC therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Linlin Xu
- Center for Experimental Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China; Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Suyue Deng
- Center for Experimental Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China; Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Huanting Xiong
- Center for Experimental Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China; School of Pharmacy, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China; Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Wei Shi
- Center for Experimental Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China; School of Pharmacy, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China; Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Shiwen Luo
- Center for Experimental Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China; Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
| | - Limin Chen
- Center for Experimental Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China; Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Kim K, Marquez-Palencia M, Malladi S. Metastatic Latency, a Veiled Threat. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1836. [PMID: 31447846 PMCID: PMC6691038 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastatic relapse is observed in cancer patients with no clinical evidence of disease for months to decades after initial diagnosis and treatment. Disseminated cancer cells that are capable of entering reversible cell cycle arrest are believed to be responsible for these late metastatic relapses. Dynamic interactions between the latent disseminated tumor cells and their surrounding microenvironment aid cancer cell survival and facilitate escape from immune surveillance. Here, we highlight findings from preclinical models that provide a conceptual framework to define and target the latent metastatic phase of tumor progression. The hope is by identifying patients harboring latent metastatic cells and providing therapeutic options to eliminate metastatic seeds prior to their emergence will result in long lasting cures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kangsan Kim
- Department of Pathology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States.,Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Mauricio Marquez-Palencia
- Department of Pathology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States.,Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Srinivas Malladi
- Department of Pathology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States.,Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Jen J, Liu CY, Chen YT, Wu LT, Shieh YC, Lai WW, Wang YC. Oncogenic zinc finger protein ZNF322A promotes stem cell-like properties in lung cancer through transcriptional suppression of c-Myc expression. Cell Death Differ 2019; 26:1283-1298. [PMID: 30258097 PMCID: PMC6748145 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-018-0204-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Revised: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
ZNF322A, a C2H2 zinc finger transcription factor, is an oncoprotein in lung cancer. However, the transcription mechanisms of ZNF322A in lung cancer stem cell-like reprogramming remain elusive. By integrating our chromatin immunoprecipitation-sequencing and RNA-sequencing datasets, we identified and validated the transcriptional targets of ZNF322A, which were significantly enriched in tumorigenic functions and developmental processes. Indeed, overexpression of ZNF322A promoted self-renewal ability and increased stemness-related gene expressions in vitro and in vivo. Importantly, ZNF322A bound directly to c-Myc promoter and recruited histone deacetylase 3 to transcriptionally suppress c-Myc expression, which in turn increased mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation and promoted cell motility, thus maintaining stem cell-like properties of lung cancer. Clinically, ZNF322AHigh/c-MycLow expression profile was revealed as an independent indicator of poor prognosis in lung cancer patients. Our study provides the first evidence that ZNF322A-centered transcriptome promotes lung tumorigenesis and ZNF322A acts as a transcription suppressor of c-Myc to maintain lung cancer stem cell-like properties by shifting metabolism towards oxidative phosphorylation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jayu Jen
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan
- Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University School of Medicine, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Chun-Yen Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ting Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan
| | - Li-Ting Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan
| | - Yang-Chih Shieh
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan
| | - Wu-Wei Lai
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ching Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan.
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 70101, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Gonzalez LM, Stewart AS, Freund J, Kucera CR, Dekaney CM, Magness ST, Blikslager AT. Preservation of reserve intestinal epithelial stem cells following severe ischemic injury. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2019; 316:G482-G494. [PMID: 30714814 PMCID: PMC6483022 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00262.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Intestinal ischemia is an abdominal emergency with a mortality rate >50%, leading to epithelial barrier loss and subsequent sepsis. Epithelial renewal and repair after injury depend on intestinal epithelial stem cells (ISC) that reside within the crypts of Lieberkühn. Two ISC populations critical to epithelial repair have been described: 1) active ISC (aISC; highly proliferative; leucine-rich-repeat-containing G protein-coupled receptor 5 positive, sex determining region Y-box 9 positive) and 2) reserve ISC [rISC; less proliferative; homeodomain only protein X (Hopx)+]. Yorkshire crossbred pigs (8-10 wk old) were subjected to 1-4 h of ischemia and 1 h of reperfusion or recovery by reversible mesenteric vascular occlusion. This study was designed to evaluate whether ISC-expressing biomarkers of aISCs or rISCs show differential resistance to ischemic injury and different contributions to the subsequent repair and regenerative responses. Our data demonstrate that, following 3-4 h ischemic injury, aISC undergo apoptosis, whereas rISC are preserved. Furthermore, these rISC are retained ex vivo in spheroids in which cell populations are enriched in the rISC biomarker Hopx. These cells appear to go on to provide a proliferative pool of cells during the recovery period. Taken together, these data indicate that Hopx+ cells are resistant to injury and are the likely source of epithelial renewal following prolonged ischemic injury. It is therefore possible that targeting reserve stem cells will lead to new therapies for patients with severe intestinal injury. NEW & NOTEWORTHY The population of reserve less-proliferative intestinal epithelial stem cells appears resistant to injury despite severe epithelial cell loss, including that of the active stem cell population, which results from prolonged mesenteric ischemia. These cells can change to an activated state and are likely indispensable to regenerative processes. Reserve stem cell targeted therapies may improve treatment and outcome of patients with ischemic disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liara M. Gonzalez
- 1Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina,4Center for Gastrointestinal Biologyand Disease, Joint Center at University of North Carolina Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Raleigh,North Carolina
| | - Amy Stieler Stewart
- 1Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - John Freund
- 1Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - Cecilia Renee Kucera
- 1Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - Christopher M. Dekaney
- 2Department of Molecular and Biological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina,4Center for Gastrointestinal Biologyand Disease, Joint Center at University of North Carolina Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Raleigh,North Carolina
| | - Scott T. Magness
- 3University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina,4Center for Gastrointestinal Biologyand Disease, Joint Center at University of North Carolina Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Raleigh,North Carolina
| | - Anthony T. Blikslager
- 1Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina,4Center for Gastrointestinal Biologyand Disease, Joint Center at University of North Carolina Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Raleigh,North Carolina
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Tan HW, Leung CON, Chan KKS, Ho DWH, Leung MS, Wong CM, Ng IOL, Lo RCL. Deregulated GATA6 modulates stem cell-like properties and metabolic phenotype in hepatocellular carcinoma. Int J Cancer 2019; 145:1860-1873. [PMID: 30834518 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.32248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Revised: 02/10/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence illustrates the significance of cell plasticity in the molecular biology of liver cancer. Reprogramming of mature parenchymal cells to a less differentiated state by key molecular targets contributes to the pathogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Hereby, we investigated the role of GATA6, a transcription factor implicated in hepatocyte lineage specification, in HCC. Our results demonstrated a lower expression of GATA6 in HCC tissues compared to the corresponding nontumoral liver tissues. Moreover, GATA6 underexpression, as observed in about 50% cases in our clinical cohort, was associated with a poorer degree of tumor cell differentiation and worse disease-free survival outcome. In vitro, silencing of GATA6 in HCC cells augmented cell migration and invasion abilities of HCC cells by activating epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Self-renewal was also enhanced in vitro. Consistently, in vivo tumorigenicity and self-renewal was promoted upon GATA6 knockdown. Notably, suppression of GATA6 converts HCC cells to a metabolic phenotype recapitulating stem-cell state. Expression of glycolytic markers was elevated in GATA6-knockdown clones accompanied by increased glucose uptake; while overexpression of GATA6 resulted in opposite effects. Further to this, we identified that GATA6 bound to the promoter region of PKM gene and regulated PKM2 transcription. Taken together, downregulation of GATA6 directs HCC cells to glycolytic metabolism and fosters tumorigenicity, self-renewal and metastasis. GATA6 is a transcriptional regulator and a genetic switch that converts the phenotypic reprogramming of HCC cells. It is a potential prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for liver cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Han-Wei Tan
- Department of Pathology, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Carmen Oi-Ning Leung
- Department of Pathology, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong.,Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong
| | | | - Daniel Wai-Hung Ho
- Department of Pathology, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Ming-Sum Leung
- Department of Pathology, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Chun-Ming Wong
- Department of Pathology, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong.,State Key Laboratory of Liver Research, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Irene Oi-Lin Ng
- Department of Pathology, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong.,State Key Laboratory of Liver Research, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Regina Cheuk-Lam Lo
- Department of Pathology, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong.,State Key Laboratory of Liver Research, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Oulès B, Rognoni E, Hoste E, Goss G, Fiehler R, Natsuga K, Quist S, Mentink R, Donati G, Watt FM. Mutant Lef1 controls Gata6 in sebaceous gland development and cancer. EMBO J 2019; 38:embj.2018100526. [PMID: 30886049 PMCID: PMC6484415 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2018100526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Revised: 02/17/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in Lef1 occur in human and mouse sebaceous gland (SG) tumors, but their contribution to carcinogenesis remains unclear. Since Gata6 controls lineage identity in SG, we investigated the link between these two transcription factors. Here, we show that Gata6 is a β‐catenin‐independent transcriptional target of mutant Lef1. During epidermal development, Gata6 is expressed in a subset of Sox9‐positive Lef1‐negative hair follicle progenitors that give rise to the upper SG. Overexpression of Gata6 by in utero lentiviral injection is sufficient to induce ectopic sebaceous gland elements. In mice overexpressing mutant Lef1, Gata6 ablation increases the total number of skin tumors yet decreases the proportion of SG tumors. The increased tumor burden correlates with impaired DNA mismatch repair and decreased expression of Mlh1 and Msh2 genes, defects frequently observed in human sebaceous neoplasia. Gata6 specifically marks human SG tumors and also defines tumors with elements of sebaceous differentiation, including a subset of basal cell carcinomas. Our findings reveal that Gata6 controls sebaceous gland development and cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bénédicte Oulès
- Centre for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Emanuel Rognoni
- Centre for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, King's College London, London, UK.,Centre for Endocrinology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Esther Hoste
- Centre for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, King's College London, London, UK.,Unit for Cellular and Molecular Pathophysiology, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Georgina Goss
- Centre for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | | | - Ken Natsuga
- Department of Dermatology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Sven Quist
- Clinic for Dermatology and Venereology, Otto-von-Guericke-University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | | | - Giacomo Donati
- Centre for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, King's College London, London, UK.,Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Fiona M Watt
- Centre for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Navarro A, Moises J, Santasusagna S, Marrades RM, Viñolas N, Castellano JJ, Canals J, Muñoz C, Ramírez J, Molins L, Monzo M. Clinical significance of long non-coding RNA HOTTIP in early-stage non-small-cell lung cancer. BMC Pulm Med 2019; 19:55. [PMID: 30819158 PMCID: PMC6393998 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-019-0816-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2018] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background HOTTIP, a long non-coding RNA located in the HOXA cluster, plays a role in the patterning of tissues with mesodermal components, including the lung. Overexpression of HOXA genes, including HOTTIP, has been associated with a more aggressive phenotype in several cancers. However, the prognostic impact of HOTTIP has not yet been explored in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We have correlated HOTTIP expression with time to relapse (TTR) and overall survival (OS) in early-stage NSCLC patients. Methods Ninety-nine early-stage NSCLC patients who underwent surgical resection in our center from June 2007 to November 2013 were included in the study. Mean age was 66; 77.8% were males; 73.7% had stage I disease; and 55.5% had adenocarcinoma. A validation data set comprised stage I-II patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) Research Network. Results HOTTIP was expressed in all tumor samples and was overexpressed in squamous cell carcinoma (p = 0.007) and in smokers (p = 0.018). Patients with high levels of HOTTIP had shorter TTR (78.3 vs 58 months; p = 0.048) and shorter OS (81.2 vs 61 months; p = 0.023) than those with low levels. In the multivariate analysis, HOTTIP emerged as an independent prognostic marker for TTR (OR: 2.05, 95%CI: 1–4.2; p = 0.05), and for OS (OR: 2.31, 95%CI: 1.04–5.1; p = 0.04). HOTTIP was validated as a prognostic marker for OS in the TCGA adenocarcinoma cohort (p = 0.025). Moreover, we identified a 1203-mRNA and a 61-miRNA signature that correlated with HOTTIP expression. Conclusions The lncRNA HOTTIP can be considered a prognostic biomarker in early-stage NSCLC. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12890-019-0816-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alfons Navarro
- Molecular Oncology and Embryology Laboratory, Human Anatomy Unit, School of Medicine, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, Casanova 143, 08036, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Jorge Moises
- Department of Pneumology, Institut Clínic de Respiratori (ICR), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sandra Santasusagna
- Molecular Oncology and Embryology Laboratory, Human Anatomy Unit, School of Medicine, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, Casanova 143, 08036, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ramon M Marrades
- Department of Pneumology, Institut Clínic de Respiratori (ICR), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Nuria Viñolas
- Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Clínic Malalties Hemato-Oncològiques (ICMHO), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joan J Castellano
- Molecular Oncology and Embryology Laboratory, Human Anatomy Unit, School of Medicine, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, Casanova 143, 08036, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Canals
- Molecular Oncology and Embryology Laboratory, Human Anatomy Unit, School of Medicine, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, Casanova 143, 08036, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carmen Muñoz
- Molecular Oncology and Embryology Laboratory, Human Anatomy Unit, School of Medicine, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, Casanova 143, 08036, Barcelona, Spain
| | - José Ramírez
- Department of Pathology, Centro de Diagnóstico Biomédico (CDB), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERES, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laureano Molins
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Institut Clínic de Respiratori (ICR), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mariano Monzo
- Molecular Oncology and Embryology Laboratory, Human Anatomy Unit, School of Medicine, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, Casanova 143, 08036, Barcelona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Aberrant enhancer hypomethylation contributes to hepatic carcinogenesis through global transcriptional reprogramming. Nat Commun 2019; 10:335. [PMID: 30659195 PMCID: PMC6338783 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-08245-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC) exhibit distinct promoter hypermethylation patterns, but the epigenetic regulation and function of transcriptional enhancers remain unclear. Here, our affinity- and bisulfite-based whole-genome sequencing analyses reveal global enhancer hypomethylation in human HCCs. Integrative epigenomic characterization further pinpoints a recurrent hypomethylated enhancer of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein-beta (C/EBPβ) which correlates with C/EBPβ over-expression and poorer prognosis of patients. Demethylation of C/EBPβ enhancer reactivates a self-reinforcing enhancer-target loop via direct transcriptional up-regulation of enhancer RNA. Conversely, deletion of this enhancer via CRISPR/Cas9 reduces C/EBPβ expression and its genome-wide co-occupancy with BRD4 at H3K27ac-marked enhancers and super-enhancers, leading to drastic suppression of driver oncogenes and HCC tumorigenicity. Hepatitis B X protein transgenic mouse model of HCC recapitulates this paradigm, as C/ebpβ enhancer hypomethylation associates with oncogenic activation in early tumorigenesis. These results support a causal link between aberrant enhancer hypomethylation and C/EBPβ over-expression, thereby contributing to hepatocarcinogenesis through global transcriptional reprogramming. There are distinct hypermethylation patterns in gene promoters in hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs). Here, the authors show that the enhancer of C/EBPβ is recurrently hypomethylated in human HCCs, recapitulating this in a transgenic murine model and linking aberrant enhancer hypomethylation to hepatocarcinogenesis.
Collapse
|
50
|
Liu H, Du F, Sun L, Wu Q, Wu J, Tong M, Wang X, Wang Q, Cao T, Gao X, Cao J, Wu N, Nie Y, Fan D, Lu Y, Zhao X. GATA6 suppresses migration and metastasis by regulating the miR-520b/CREB1 axis in gastric cancer. Cell Death Dis 2019; 10:35. [PMID: 30674866 PMCID: PMC6426848 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-1270-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Revised: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Transcription factors (TFs) and microRNAs (miRNAs) are tightly linked to each other in tumor development and progression, but their interactions in gastric cancer (GC) metastasis remain elusive. Here we report a novel suppressive role of GATA6 in inhibiting GC metastasis by transactivating miR-520b. We found that GATA6 expression was significantly downregulated in metastatic GC cells and tissues and that its downregulation was correlated with a poor GC prognosis. Overexpression of GATA6 suppressed GC cell migration, invasion and metastasis both in vitro and in vivo. Luciferase reporter assays and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays demonstrated that miR-520b is a direct transcriptional target of GATA6. Moreover, miR-520b expression was positively correlated with GATA6 expression in GC tissues, and ectopic expression of miR-520b inhibited the migration and invasion of GC cells. Furthermore, cAMP responsive element binding protein 1 (CREB1) was identified as a direct and functional target of miR-520b, and GATA6 could suppress GC cell migration and metastasis via miR-520b-mediated repression of CREB1. Downregulation of GATA6 and miR-520b may partly account for the overexpression of CREB1 in GC. In conclusion, our results provide novel insight into the TF-miRNA regulatory network involved in GC metastasis. Targeting the GATA6/miR-520b/CREB1 axis may be an effective approach for GC treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Liu
- State key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Feng Du
- State key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lina Sun
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xi'an Children's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qingfeng Wu
- Department of Geriatrics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jian Wu
- State key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Mingfu Tong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Wang
- State key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qi Wang
- State key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Tianyu Cao
- State key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaoliang Gao
- State key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jiayi Cao
- Faculty of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Nan Wu
- Faculty of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yongzhan Nie
- State key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Daiming Fan
- State key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Yuanyuan Lu
- State key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Xiaodi Zhao
- State key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
| |
Collapse
|