1
|
Zhong S, Pan L, Wang Z, Zeng Z. Revealing Changes in Ovarian and Hemolymphatic Metabolites Using Widely Targeted Metabolomics between Newly Emerged and Laying Queens of Honeybee ( Apis mellifera). INSECTS 2024; 15:263. [PMID: 38667393 PMCID: PMC11050517 DOI: 10.3390/insects15040263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
The queen bee is a central and pivotal figure within the colony, serving as the sole fertile female responsible for its reproduction. The queen possesses an open circulatory system, with her ovaries immersed in hemolymph. A continuous and intricate transportation and interchange of substances exist between the ovaries and hemolymph of queen bees. To determine the characteristic metabolites in the hemolymph and ovary, as well as understand how their rapid metabolism contributes to the process of egg-laying by queens, we reared Apis mellifera queens from three different age groups: newly emerged queen (NEQ), newly laying queen (NLQ), and old laying queen (OLQ). Using widely targeted metabolomics, our study revealed that the laying queen (NLQ and OLQ) exhibited faster fatty acid metabolism, up-regulated expression of antioxidants, and significant depletion of amino acids compared to the NEQ. This study revealed that the levels of carnitine and antioxidants (GSH, 2-O-α-D-glucopyranosyl-L-ascorbic acid, L-ascorbic acid 2-phosphate, etc.) in the NLQ and OLQ were significantly higher compared to NEQ. However, most of the differentially expressed amino acids, such as L-tryptophan, L-tyrosine, L-aspartic acid, etc., detected in NLQ and OLQ were down-regulated compared to the NEQ. Following egg-laying, pathways in the queens change significantly, e.g., Tryptophan metabolism, Tyrosine metabolism, cAMP signaling pathway, etc. Our results suggest that carnitine and antioxidants work together to maintain the redox balance of the queen. Additionally, various amino acids are responsible for maintaining the queen's egg production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shiqing Zhong
- Honeybee Research Institute, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; (S.Z.); (L.P.); (Z.W.)
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Honeybee Biology and Beekeeping, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Luxia Pan
- Honeybee Research Institute, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; (S.Z.); (L.P.); (Z.W.)
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Honeybee Biology and Beekeeping, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Zilong Wang
- Honeybee Research Institute, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; (S.Z.); (L.P.); (Z.W.)
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Honeybee Biology and Beekeeping, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Zhijiang Zeng
- Honeybee Research Institute, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; (S.Z.); (L.P.); (Z.W.)
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Honeybee Biology and Beekeeping, Nanchang 330045, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Leal GR, Oliveira TDA, de Paula Guimarães MP, Correia LFL, Vasconcelos EM, Souza-Fabjan JMG. Lipid modulation during IVM increases the metabolism and improves the cryosurvival of cat oocytes. Theriogenology 2024; 214:33-42. [PMID: 37839095 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2023.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the time course of lipid accumulation during IVM and assessed the role of lipid modulators added during IVM on lipid content, nuclear maturation, oxidative stress, mitochondrial activity, gene expression, and cryosurvival of cat oocytes. First, the lipid content of immature COCs was compared to those subjected to different IVM duration times (24, 28, and 32 h). Then, the lipid content was investigated after the use of different lipid modulators [conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), forskolin (FSK), l-carnitine (LC)]. Subsequently, both the CONTROL group and MIX 18 (CLA+FSK+LC) were compared regarding nuclear maturation, mitochondrial activity, reactive oxygen 19 species (ROS), and glutathione (GSH) levels, to the expression of SDHA, GDF9, BMP15, ZAR-1, 20 PRDX1, SIRT1, and SIRT3 genes (normalized by ACTB and YWHAZ genes); and to vitrification and 21 post-warming viability assessment. When not using any lipid modulator, an increase (P < 0.05) in lipid content could be observed after 28 h of IVM. The MIX group showed the greatest (P < 0.05) reduction in oocyte lipid content after 28 h of IVM. No difference (P > 0.05) was observed in the MII rate in the CONTROL (45%) and MIX (41%) groups and in mitochondrial activity ((1.00 ± 0.35 A U vs 1.19 ± 0.14 A U). Although ROS and GSH levels were higher (P < 0.05) in MIX than in CONTROL, the redox balance (ROS/GSH) was greater (P < 0.05) in the latter (C:1.00 ± 0.20b vs M:0.26 ± 0.06 a A.U). The GDF9, HSP70, PRDX1, and SIRT1 transcripts were downregulated (P < 0.05) in MIX-oocytes, compared to the CONTROL. After vitrification, MIX (74%) presented a higher (P < 0.05) viability compared to control (53%). In conclusion, MIX can reduce the total lipid content and improve viability after cryopreservation, however, it seems to affect the oocyte metabolism in a way that still needs to be better understood in the cat biological model.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Ramos Leal
- Universidade Federal Fluminense (UFF), Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Vital Brazil Filho St., 64, 24230-340, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Thais de Almeida Oliveira
- Universidade Federal Fluminense (UFF), Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Vital Brazil Filho St., 64, 24230-340, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Mariana Pedrosa de Paula Guimarães
- Universidade Federal Fluminense (UFF), Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Vital Brazil Filho St., 64, 24230-340, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Lucas Francisco Leodido Correia
- Universidade Federal Fluminense (UFF), Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Vital Brazil Filho St., 64, 24230-340, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Erlandia Márcia Vasconcelos
- Universidade Federal Fluminense (UFF), Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Vital Brazil Filho St., 64, 24230-340, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Joanna Maria Gonçalves Souza-Fabjan
- Universidade Federal Fluminense (UFF), Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Vital Brazil Filho St., 64, 24230-340, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Tanga BM, Fang X, Bang S, Seo C, Kang H, Cha D, Qamar AY, Shim J, Choi K, Saadeldin IM, Lee S, Cho J. The combination of rolipram and cilostamide improved the developmental competence of cloned porcine embryos. Sci Rep 2023; 13:5733. [PMID: 37029228 PMCID: PMC10081996 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-32677-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023] Open
Abstract
In vitro maturation of porcine oocytes is characterized by asynchronous cytoplasmic and nuclear maturation, leading to less competent oocytes supporting embryo development. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the combined effect of rolipram and cilostamide as cyclic Adenine monophosphate (cAMP) modulators to find the maximum cAMP levels that temporarily arrest meiosis. We determined the optimal time to maintain functional gap junction communication during pre-in vitro maturation to be four hours. Oocyte competence was evaluated by the level of glutathione, reactive oxygen species, meiotic progression, and gene expression. We evaluated embryonic developmental competence after parthenogenetic activation and somatic cell nuclear transfer. The combined treatment group showed significantly higher glutathione and lower reactive oxygen species levels and a higher maturation rate than the control and single treatment groups. Cleavage and blastocyst formation rates in parthenogenetic activation and somatic cell nuclear transfer embryos were higher in two-phase in vitro maturation than in the other groups. The relative levels of BMP15and GDF9 expression were increased in two-phase in vitro maturation. Somatic cell nuclear transfer blastocysts from two-phase in vitro maturation oocytes showed a lower level of expression of apoptotic genes than the control, indicating better pre-implantation developmental competence. The combination of rolipram and cilostamide resulted in optimal synchrony of cytoplasmic and nuclear maturation in porcine in vitro matured oocytes and there by enhanced the developmental competence of pre-implantation embryos.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bereket Molla Tanga
- Lab of Theriogenology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, 99, Daehak-ro, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Hawassa University, Hawassa, Ethiopia
| | - Xun Fang
- Lab of Theriogenology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, 99, Daehak-ro, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Seonggyu Bang
- Lab of Theriogenology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, 99, Daehak-ro, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Chaerim Seo
- Lab of Theriogenology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, 99, Daehak-ro, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Heejae Kang
- Lab of Theriogenology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, 99, Daehak-ro, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Dabin Cha
- Lab of Theriogenology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, 99, Daehak-ro, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Ahmad Yar Qamar
- College of Veterinary & Animal Science, University of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Joohyun Shim
- Department of Transgenic Animal Research, Optipharm, Inc., Chungcheongbuk-do, Cheongju-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Kimyung Choi
- Department of Transgenic Animal Research, Optipharm, Inc., Chungcheongbuk-do, Cheongju-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Islam M Saadeldin
- Lab of Theriogenology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, 99, Daehak-ro, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sanghoon Lee
- Lab of Theriogenology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, 99, Daehak-ro, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Jongki Cho
- Lab of Theriogenology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, 99, Daehak-ro, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Alhasaniah AH. l-carnitine: Nutrition, pathology, and health benefits. Saudi J Biol Sci 2023; 30:103555. [PMID: 36632072 PMCID: PMC9827390 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2022.103555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Carnitine is a medically needful nutrient that contributes in the production of energy and the metabolism of fatty acids. Bioavailability is higher in vegetarians than in people who eat meat. Deficits in carnitine transporters occur as a result of genetic mutations or in combination with other illnesses such like hepatic or renal disease. Carnitine deficit can arise in diseases such endocrine maladies, cardiomyopathy, diabetes, malnutrition, aging, sepsis, and cirrhosis due to abnormalities in carnitine regulation. The exogenously provided molecule is obviously useful in people with primary carnitine deficits, which can be life-threatening, and also some secondary deficiencies, including such organic acidurias: by eradicating hypotonia, muscle weakness, motor skills, and wasting are all improved l-carnitine (LC) have reported to improve myocardial functionality and metabolism in ischemic heart disease patients, as well as athletic performance in individuals with angina pectoris. Furthermore, although some intriguing data indicates that LC could be useful in a variety of conditions, including carnitine deficiency caused by long-term total parenteral supplementation or chronic hemodialysis, hyperlipidemias, and the prevention of anthracyclines and valproate-induced toxicity, such findings must be viewed with caution.
Collapse
Key Words
- AD, Alzheimer's disease
- AIF, Apoptosis-inducing factor
- Anti-wasting effect
- BBB, Blood–brain barrier
- CC, Cancer cachexia
- CHF, Chronic heart failure
- COPD, Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
- ESRD, End-stage renal disease
- GOT, Glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase
- HCC, Hepatocellular carcinoma
- HFD, High-Fat Diet
- HOI, Highest observed intake
- Health benefits
- LC, l-carnitine
- MI, myocardial infarction
- MTX, Methotrexate
- NF-kB, Nuclear factor-kB
- Nutrition
- OSL, Observed safe level
- PCD, Primary carnitine deficiency
- Pathology
- ROS, Reactive oxygen species
- SCD, Secondary carnitine deficiency
- TLE, Temporal lobe epilepsy
- VD, Vascular dementia
- l-carnitine
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abdulaziz Hassan Alhasaniah
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Najran University, P.O. Box 1988, Najran 61441, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Nguyen TV, Do LTK, Nguyen NAT, Kikuchi K, Somfai T, Otoi T. The Effects of an In Vitro Oocyte Maturation System and Chlorogenic Acid Supplementation during Embryo Culture on the Development of Porcine Cloned Embryos Derived from Native Vietnamese Ban Pigs. Vet Med Int 2023; 2023:5702970. [PMID: 37101560 PMCID: PMC10125732 DOI: 10.1155/2023/5702970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to improve the production efficiency of Vietnamese native Ban pig embryos using somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT). Fibroblast cells from Ban pigs were injected into the enucleated cytoplasts of crossbred gilts, and the reconstructed embryos were subsequently cultured. In the first experiment, cytoplasts were isolated from oocytes matured in either a defined porcine oocyte medium (POM) or in TCM199 medium supplemented with porcine follicular fluid. Both media were supplemented with gonadotropic hormones, either for the first 22 h of in vitro maturation (IVM) or for the entire 44 h of IVM. In the second experiment, the reconstructed SCNT embryos were cultured with or without 50 μM chlorogenic acid (CGA). Furthermore, this study examined parthenogenetic embryos. The IVM medium and duration of hormone treatment did not affect embryo development. CGA supplementation to the culture medium significantly increased blastocyst formation rates in parthenogenetic embryos but not in SCNT embryos. However, CGA supplementation significantly reduced the apoptotic index in blastocysts regardless of embryo source. In conclusion, the IVM method did not affect SCNT embryo production, while CGA supplementation during embryo culture improved the quality of SCNT embryos in indigenous pig breeds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thanh Van Nguyen
- Department of Animal Theriogenology and Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Lanh Thi Kim Do
- Department of Animal Theriogenology and Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Ngoc-Anh Thi Nguyen
- Department of Animal Theriogenology and Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Kazuhiro Kikuchi
- The Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan
- Institute of Agrobiological Sciences (NIAS), National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Tamas Somfai
- Institute of Agrobiological Sciences (NIAS), National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Takeshige Otoi
- Faculty of Bioscience and Bioindustry, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Identification of Candidate Salivary, Urinary and Serum Metabolic Biomarkers for High Litter Size Potential in Sows (Sus scrofa). Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12111045. [DOI: 10.3390/metabo12111045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The selection of sows that are reproductively fit and produce large litters of piglets is imperative for success in the pork industry. Currently, low heritability of reproductive and litter-related traits and unfavourable genetic correlations are slowing the improvement of pig selection efficiency. The integration of biomarkers as a supplement or alternative to the use of genetic markers may permit the optimization and increase of selection protocol efficiency. Metabolite biomarkers are an advantageous class of biomarkers that can facilitate the identification of cellular processes implicated in reproductive condition. Metabolism and metabolic biomarkers have been previously implicated in studies of female mammalian fertility, however a systematic analysis across multiple biofluids in infertile and high reproductive potential phenotypes has not been explored. In the current study, the serum, urinary and salivary metabolomes of infertile (INF) sows and high reproductive potential (HRP) sows with a live litter size ≥ 13 piglets were examined using LC-MS/MS techniques, and a data pipeline was used to highlight possible metabolite reproductive biomarkers discriminating the reproductive groups. The metabolomes of HRP and INF sows were distinct, including significant alterations in amino acid, fatty acid, membrane lipid and steroid hormone metabolism. Carnitines and fatty acid related metabolites were most discriminatory in separating and classifying the HRP and INF sows based on their biofluid metabolome. It appears that urine is a superior biofluid than saliva and serum for potentially predicting the reproductive potential level of a given female pig based on the performance of the resultant biomarker models. This study lays the groundwork for improving gilt and sow selection protocols using metabolomics as a tool for the prediction of reproductive potential.
Collapse
|
7
|
Rakha SI, Elmetwally MA, El-Sheikh Ali H, Balboula A, Mahmoud AM, Zaabel SM. Importance of Antioxidant Supplementation during In Vitro Maturation of Mammalian Oocytes. Vet Sci 2022; 9:vetsci9080439. [PMID: 36006354 PMCID: PMC9415395 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci9080439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The in vitro embryo production (IVEP) technique is widely used in the field of reproductive biology. In vitro maturation (IVM) is the first and most critical step of IVEP, during which, the oocyte is matured in an artificial maturation medium under strict laboratory conditions. Despite all of the progress in the field of IVEP, the quality of in vitro matured oocytes remains inferior to that of those matured in vivo. The accumulation of substantial amounts of reactive oxygen species (ROS) within oocytes during IVM has been regarded as one of the main factors altering oocyte quality. One of the most promising approaches to overcome ROS accumulation within oocytes is the supplementation of oocyte IVM medium with antioxidants. In this article, we discuss recent advancements depicting the adverse effects of ROS on mammalian oocytes. We also discuss the potential use of antioxidants and their effect on both oocyte quality and IVM rate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shimaa I. Rakha
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
- Reproductive Biotechnology Research Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Mohammed A. Elmetwally
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
- Reproductive Biotechnology Research Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Hossam El-Sheikh Ali
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
- Reproductive Biotechnology Research Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Balboula
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
- Reproductive Biotechnology Research Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
- Animal Sciences Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Abdelmonem Montaser Mahmoud
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
- Reproductive Biotechnology Research Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Samy M. Zaabel
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
- Reproductive Biotechnology Research Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
L-Carnitine Supports the In Vitro Growth of Buffalo Oocytes. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12151957. [PMID: 35953946 PMCID: PMC9367359 DOI: 10.3390/ani12151957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to determine the effect of L-carnitine on the growth and subsequent nuclear maturation of buffalo small growing oocytes (92−108 µm in diameter) in vitro. Oocyte-granulosa cell complexes (OGCs) were dissected from early antral follicles of slaughtered buffaloes and cultured in in vitro growth (IVG) medium with the supplementation of different concentrations (0, 1.25, 1.875 or 2.5 mM) of L-carnitine for 6 days. The results revealed that L-carnitine increased the diameter of buffalo oocytes in vitro. The degeneration rate was significantly (p < 0.05) lower in 2.5 mM of L-carnitine-treated oocytes (10%) than others (55%, 45% and 32.5% in 0, 1.25 and 1.875 mM of L-carnitine-supplemented groups, respectively). The OGCs showed antrum-like structures significantly (p < 0.05) higher in the 2.5 mM of L-carnitine group (74.0%) than the 0- and 1.25-mM groups (34.6% and 38.1%, respectively). Furthermore, in vitro grown oocytes were placed in in vitro maturation (IVM) medium for 24 h to examine meiotic competence of in vitro grown oocytes with L-carnitine. The L-carnitine (1.875 and 2.5 mM) treated oocytes showed a higher rate of nuclear maturation up to the metaphase II (MII) stage and a lower rate of degeneration. In conclusion, L-carnitine enhances the growth, prevents degeneration, promotes the formation of antrum-like structures and supports nuclear maturation of buffalo oocytes in vitro.
Collapse
|
9
|
Carnitines as Mitochondrial Modulators of Oocyte and Embryo Bioenergetics. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11040745. [PMID: 35453430 PMCID: PMC9024607 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11040745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, the importance of bioenergetics in the reproductive process has emerged. For its energetic demand, the oocyte relies on numerous mitochondria, whose activity increases during embryo development under a fine regulation to limit ROS production. Healthy oocyte mitochondria require a balance of pyruvate and fatty acid oxidation. Transport of activated fatty acids into mitochondria requires carnitine. In this regard, the interest in the role of carnitines as mitochondrial modulators in oocyte and embryos is increasing. Carnitine pool includes the un-esterified l-carnitine (LC) and carnitine esters, such as acetyl-l-carnitine (ALC) and propionyl-l-carnitine (PLC). In this review, carnitine medium supplementation for counteracting energetic and redox unbalance during in vitro culture and cryopreservation is reported. Although most studies have focused on LC, there is new evidence that the addition of ALC and/or PLC may boost LC effects. Pathways activated by carnitines include antiapoptotic, antiglycative, antioxidant, and antiinflammatory signaling. Nevertheless, the potential of carnitine to improve energetic metabolism and oocyte and embryo competence remains poorly investigated. The importance of carnitine as a mitochondrial modulator may suggest that this molecule may exert a beneficial role in ovarian disfunctions associated with metabolic and mitochondrial alterations, including PCOS and reproductive aging.
Collapse
|
10
|
G RK, Mishra A, Dhali A, Reddy IJ, Dey DK, Pal D, Bhatta R. In vitro production of desired sex ovine embryos modulating polarity of oocytes for sex-specific sperm binding during fertilization. Sci Rep 2022; 12:5845. [PMID: 35393499 PMCID: PMC8991187 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-09895-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to modulate the oxidative status-mediated polarity of the oocytes for sex-specific sperm fertilization to generate desired sex embryos. In vitro embryos were produced at different oxidative status, varying O2 concentrations, and without/with l-carnitine in maturation and culture media. The majority of the embryos produced at high oxidative stress were males whereas; low oxidative status favoured female embryos production. Low O2 doubled the proportion of female embryos (10.59 vs 21.95%); however, l-carnitine supplementation in media increased approximately seven-folds of the female embryos (12.26 vs. 77.62%) production. Oocytes matured at high oxidative status were in the repolarized state favouring positively charged Y sperm fertilization to produce significantly more male embryos. Low oxidative status favoured negatively charged X sperm fertilization to the oocytes in the depolarized state to produce more female embryos. Intracellular ROS was significantly low in female embryos than in males; however, female embryos were more stressful than males. The study concluded that the oxidative status-mediated alteration in pH of the medium to modulate the intracellular positive ions is the main critical factor to influence the sex of embryos through sex-specific sperms fertilization to the oocytes as per their polarity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ramesh Kumar G
- ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Adugodi, Bengaluru, 560 030, India
| | - Ashish Mishra
- ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Adugodi, Bengaluru, 560 030, India.
| | - Arindam Dhali
- ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Adugodi, Bengaluru, 560 030, India
| | - Ippala Janardhan Reddy
- ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Adugodi, Bengaluru, 560 030, India
| | - Debpriyo Kumar Dey
- ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Adugodi, Bengaluru, 560 030, India
| | - Dintaran Pal
- ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Adugodi, Bengaluru, 560 030, India
| | - Raghavendra Bhatta
- ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Adugodi, Bengaluru, 560 030, India
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
In vitro maturation on a soft agarose matrix enhances the developmental ability of pig oocytes derived from small antral follicles. JOURNAL OF ANIMAL REPRODUCTION AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.12750/jarb.37.1.34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
|
12
|
Moniruzzaman M, Modak A, Islam M, Khatun A, Alam M, Akter I, Kabir AKMA, Hashem M. L–carnitine improves developmental competence of buffalo oocytes in vitro. ASIAN PACIFIC JOURNAL OF REPRODUCTION 2022. [DOI: 10.4103/2305-0500.356843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
|
13
|
Li J, Liu L, Weng J, Yin TL, Yang J, Feng HL. Biological roles of l-carnitine in oocyte and early embryo development. Mol Reprod Dev 2021; 88:673-685. [PMID: 34618389 DOI: 10.1002/mrd.23542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Poor oocyte quality is responsible for female infertility. Multiple studies have been carried out to find supplements to enhance oocyte quality and mitigate infertility problems. l-carnitine and its derivatives have diverse roles in developing oocytes and early embryos. This review focuses on the in vitro and in vivo studies that using l-carnitine alone or in combination with other supplements for oocyte quality enhancement. The key roles of l-carnitine in oocyte quality and embryo growth were summarized, and the underlying mechanism was also elucidated. l-carnitine helps in the lipid metabolism process by controlling the transfer of fatty acids to mitochondria for β-oxidation. l-carnitine modulates glucose metabolism and enhances respiratory chain enzyme activity. Furthermore, it acts as an antioxidant to prevent oxidative damage and inhibit apoptosis, a signal in response to oxidative stress. Results show the potential of l-carnitine as a potential agent in assisted reproductive technology to improve oocyte quality and the subsequent embryonic development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiajian Li
- Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Peptide and Small Molecular Drugs, Engineering Research Center of Endogenous Prophylactic of Ministry of Education of China, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lingyan Liu
- Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Peptide and Small Molecular Drugs, Engineering Research Center of Endogenous Prophylactic of Ministry of Education of China, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Weng
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Tai-Lang Yin
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Huai L Feng
- The New York Fertility Center, New York-Presbyterian Queens Affiliate with Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, New York, USA
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Abstract
Porcine cloning technology can be used to produce progenies genetically identical to the donor cells from high-quality breeding pigs. In addition, genetically modified pigs have been produced by somatic cell nuclear transfer using genetically modified porcine fetal fibroblasts. The method of preparing genetically modified pigs is critical for establishing pig models for human diseases, and for generating donor animals for future xenotransplantation. This chapter describes detailed procedures for generating cloned pigs using fetal fibroblasts as nuclear donors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongsheng Ouyang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China.
| | - Jianyong Han
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yongye Huang
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Zhu T, Guan S, Lv D, Zhao M, Yan L, Shi L, Ji P, Zhang L, Liu G. Melatonin Modulates Lipid Metabolism in Porcine Cumulus-Oocyte Complex via Its Receptors. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:648209. [PMID: 33869202 PMCID: PMC8047119 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.648209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipid is a crucial energy resource for mammalian oocyte. Melatonin could benefit the maturation of porcine oocyte in vitro, but the related mechanism is not elucidated yet. In the current study, methods to monitor lipid metabolism in single live oocytes were firstly established using probes (Lipi-Blue and Lipi-Green). It was observed that both lipid biogenesis and lipolysis occurred in maturing oocyte, but the general level of lipids dropped. Then maturing oocytes stained with probes were treated with melatonin or lipid metabolic-related inhibitors (triacsin C, rotenone, or etomoxir). The results showed that the lipid metabolism and maturation of porcine oocytes were all disrupted and that melatonin rescued the oocytes treated with triacsin C or rotenone, but not those treated with etomoxir. Further investigation demonstrated that cumulus cells are able to transfer lipids to oocytes via gap junctions. It was also observed that melatonin receptors exist in cumulus cells and are required for oocytes to maintain lipid metabolism. Meanwhile, the global gene expressing in cumulus cells was also modulated by melatonin, especially the genes related to antioxidants (SOD1, GPX1, GPX3, GPX4, PRDX2, and PRDX5), lipid metabolism (FABP3, FABP5, ACACB, TECR, etc.), and mitochondrial respiration (GPD1, ETFB, CYC1, and the genes of ATP synthase). Altogether the current research demonstrates that melatonin modulates lipid metabolism in maturing oocytes through its receptors in cumulus cells and benefits the developmental competence of oocytes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tianqi Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China.,College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Shengyu Guan
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China.,College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Dongying Lv
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China.,College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Mengmeng Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China.,College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Laiqing Yan
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China.,College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Li Shi
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China.,College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Pengyun Ji
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China.,College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China.,College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Guoshi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China.,College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Glucose in a maturation medium with reduced NaCl improves oocyte maturation and embryonic development after somatic cell nuclear transfer and in vitro fertilization in pigs. ZYGOTE 2021; 29:293-300. [PMID: 33653431 DOI: 10.1017/s0967199420000891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
This study was conducted to examine whether glucose in maturation medium containing reduced NaCl could improve oocyte maturation and embryonic development in pigs. The base medium was bovine serum albumin-free porcine zygote medium (PZM)-3 containing 10% (v/v) pig follicular fluid (FPZM) or 0.1% (w/v) polyvinyl alcohol (PPZM). Using each medium, the effects of NaCl concentrations (108 and 61.6 mM) and 5.56 mM glucose supplementation (designated as PZM108N, PZM108G, PZM61N, and PZM61G, respectively) were examined using a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement. When oocytes were matured in FPZM, glucose supplementation improved nuclear maturation compared with no supplementation, regardless of the NaCl concentrations. FPZM61G showed a higher blastocyst formation compared with FPZM108N and FPZM108G after parthenogenesis (PA). Blastocyst formations of somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) embryos derived from FPZM61N and FPZM61G were higher compared with those of oocytes from FPZM108N. When oocytes were matured in PPZM, glucose added to PPZM108 and PPZM61 increased nuclear maturation compared with no supplementation. However, glucose added to PPZM108 did not alter embryonic development after PA. Additionally, oocytes matured in PPZM61G showed a higher blastocyst formation compared with those from PPZM61N. In SCNT, blastocyst formation was not influenced by glucose supplementation of PPZM108, but was increased by maturation in glucose-supplemented PPZM61. In embryonic development of in vitro fertilization (IVF), oocytes matured in medium with reduced NaCl and glucose showed significantly higher blastocyst formation compared with those matured in PPZM108G. Our results demonstrated that glucose in maturation medium containing 61.6 mM NaCl increased oocyte maturation and embryonic development after PA, SCNT, and IVF.
Collapse
|
17
|
In vitro growth culture in a medium with reduced sodium chloride improves maturation and developmental competence of pig oocytes derived from small antral follicles. Theriogenology 2021; 165:37-43. [PMID: 33639366 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2020.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 10/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of reducing the sodium chloride content in in vitro growth (IVG) medium to 61.6 mM on in vitro maturation (IVM) and embryonic development of pig oocytes derived from small antral follicles (SAF) less than 3 mm in diameter. SAF oocytes were cultured for 2 days to induce IVG in alpha-minimal essential medium with 108 mM NaCl (αMEM-108) or porcine zygote medium (PZM) containing 61.6 mM (PZM-61.6) or 108 mM (PZM-108) NaCl. These media were further supplemented with 1 mM dibutyryl cyclic adenosine monophosphate (dbcAMP) and 10% (v/v) fetal bovine serum. After IVG culture, oocytes were matured for 44 h in our standard IVM medium. The IVG culture in PZM-61.6 significantly increased nuclear maturation (88.0 ± 2.2%) of SAF oocytes compared to that in PZM-108 (77.3 ± 3.9%) or αMEM-108 (75.9 ± 3.8%). After parthenogenesis (PA), the proportions of blastocysts, based on the number of metaphase II (MII) oocytes, induced for PA were not different among IVG oocytes cultured in PZM-61.6 (50.2 ± 3.0%), PZM-108 (46.8 ± 2.9%), or αMEM-108 (45.6 ± 2.9%). The IVM oocytes derived from IVG in PZM-61.6 showed increased perivitelline space (PVS) (12.1 ± 0.6 μm) and intra-oocyte glutathione (GSH) content (1.19 ± 0.04 pixels/oocyte) compared to PVS (8.0 ± 0.5 and 7.4 ± 0.4 μm) and GSH (1.03 ± 0.04 and 1.00 ± 0.04 pixels/oocyte) of oocytes derived from PZM-108 and αMEM-108, respectively. The IVG culture in PZM-61.6 stimulated meiotic resumption after IVG and faster nuclear progression after IVM than that in αMEM-108. After somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT), the blastocyst formation of SAF oocytes grown in PZM-61.6 (17.8 ± 3.3%) was higher than that of oocytes grown in PZM-108 (7.5 ± 2.7%) but not different from that of oocytes in αMEM-108 (11.4 ± 3.4%). Regardless of the different osmotic pressures, nuclear maturation was significantly increased by IVG culture in PZM with reduced NaCl (86.8 ± 2.3 and 84.9 ± 4.2% in PZM-61.6 and PZM-61.6 with sorbitol, respectively) than in PZM-108 (70.5 ± 3.4%). Blastocyst formation was not affected by the differences in NaCl content and osmotic pressure of the IVG medium, whereas the mean number of cells in blastocysts was significantly higher following IVG culture in PZM-61.6 than in the other groups. In conclusion, the results demonstrate that, following SCNT in pigs, IVG culture of SAF oocytes in a medium with a reduced NaCl concentration stimulates oocyte maturation and improves subsequent embryonic development.
Collapse
|
18
|
Beneficial Effects of L-Carnitine Supplementation during IVM of Canine Oocytes on Their Nuclear Maturation and Development In Vitro. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11020581. [PMID: 33672295 PMCID: PMC7927128 DOI: 10.3390/ani11020581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2021] [Revised: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary In vitro production of canine embryos is a technique that can be used as a model to conserve endangered species and to establish efficient breeding systems for domestic dogs. However, compared with other species, the success rates of in vitro embryo production (IVEP) in dogs are low. L-Carnitine (LC) is a small water-soluble molecule; it plays an essential role in fatty acid metabolism and acts as a potent antioxidant. Various studies have reported the beneficial impacts of LC on IVEP in many mammalian species other than dogs. Therefore, these experiments investigated the effects of LC supplementation during in vitro maturation (IVM) on canine oocytes maturation, fertilization, and development in vitro. We show that the supplementation of IVM media with LC has positive impacts on oocyte maturation, fertilization, and preimplantation embryo development rates. We also demonstrate that 0.6 mg/mL LC is the most beneficial concentration to be used. It resulted in significantly higher maturation, fertilization, and embryo developmental rates than the control and other LC concentrations. These outcomes are essential for refining the IVM conditions that can advance the efficiency of assisted reproductive technologies (ARTs) in dogs. Abstract This study aimed to investigate the effect of L-Carnitine (LC) supplementation during in vitro maturation (IVM) of canine oocytes on nuclear maturation, fertilization status, and preimplantation development. Cumulus–oocyte complexes (COCs) collected from the ovaries of ovariohysterectomized female dogs were matured in vitro for 72 h in a TCM-199 medium supplemented with (0.1, 0.3, 0.6, 1.0, or 2.0 mg/mL) or without (0.0 mg/mL) LC. Matured oocytes were fertilized in vitro with frozen–thawed spermatozoa, and zygotes were cultured in a SOF medium for 7 days. IVM rates were higher (p ≤ 0.05) in 0.3 and 0.6 mg/mL LC supplemented groups than in the control (0.0 mg/mL LC) and other LC groups. Fertilization (18 h postinsemination (pi)) and cleavage (2–16-cell stage at day 3 pi) rates were higher (p ≤ 0.05) in the 0.6 mg/mL LC group than in the control and 0.1, 1.0, and 2 mg/mL LC supplemented groups. Interestingly, 4.5% of fertilized oocytes developed to morula (day 5 pi) in the 0.6 mg/mL LC group, which was higher (p ≤ 0.05) than those developed in the 0.3 mg/mL group (1.0%). No cleaved embryos developed to morula in other groups. In conclusion, LC supplementation at 0.6 mg/mL during IVM of canine oocytes improved their maturation, fertilization, and preimplantation embryo development rates following IVF and in vitro culture (IVC).
Collapse
|
19
|
The Mechanisms of Improving IVF Outcomes of Liu-Wei-Di-Huang Pill Acting on DOR Patients. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2020; 2020:5183017. [PMID: 33178317 PMCID: PMC7648682 DOI: 10.1155/2020/5183017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2020] [Revised: 07/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Diminished ovarian reserve (DOR) is the weakening of ovarian oocyte production and quality. It will further become premature ovarian failure without timely cure. However, disease pathology and diagnostic markers are still incompletely understood. Liu-Wei-Di-Huang (LWDH) pill, a traditional Chinese medicine formula, is commonly used in the treatment of DOR in China. To explore the mechanism of the effect of LWDH on in vitro fertilization (IVF) outcomes in patients with DOR, a pseudotargeted metabolomics study combined with multivariate data processing strategy was carried out. A liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry-based metabolomics approach was applied to characterize metabolic biomarker candidates. Multiple pattern recognition was used to determine groups and confirm important variables. A total of 21 potential biomarkers were characterized, and related metabolic pathways were identified. The study displayed that the established pseudotargeted metabolomics strategy is a powerful approach for investigating the mechanism of DOR and LWDH. In addition, the approach may highlight biomarkers and metabolic pathways and can capture subtle metabolite changes from headache, which may lead to an improved mechanism understanding of DOR diseases and LWDH treatment.
Collapse
|
20
|
Richani D, Dunning KR, Thompson JG, Gilchrist RB. Metabolic co-dependence of the oocyte and cumulus cells: essential role in determining oocyte developmental competence. Hum Reprod Update 2020; 27:27-47. [PMID: 33020823 DOI: 10.1093/humupd/dmaa043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Within the antral follicle, the oocyte is reliant on metabolic support from its surrounding somatic cells. Metabolism plays a critical role in oocyte developmental competence (oocyte quality). In the last decade, there has been significant progress in understanding the metabolism of the cumulus-oocyte complex (COC) during its final stages of growth and maturation in the follicle. Certain metabolic conditions (e.g. obesity) or ART (e.g. IVM) perturb COC metabolism, providing insights into metabolic regulation of oocyte quality. OBJECTIVE AND RATIONALE This review provides an update on the progress made in our understanding of COC metabolism, and the metabolic conditions that influence both meiotic and developmental competence of the oocyte. SEARCH METHODS The PubMed database was used to search for peer-reviewed original and review articles. Searches were performed adopting the main terms 'oocyte metabolism', 'cumulus cell metabolism', 'oocyte maturation', 'oocyte mitochondria', 'oocyte metabolism', 'oocyte developmental competence' and 'oocyte IVM'. OUTCOMES Metabolism is a major determinant of oocyte quality. Glucose is an essential requirement for both meiotic and cytoplasmic maturation of the COC. Glucose is the driver of cumulus cell metabolism and is essential for energy production, extracellular matrix formation and supply of pyruvate to the oocyte for ATP production. Mitochondria are the primary source of ATP production within the oocyte. Recent advances in real-time live cell imaging reveal dynamic fluctuations in ATP demand throughout oocyte maturation. Cumulus cells have been shown to play a central role in maintaining adequate oocyte ATP levels by providing metabolic support through gap junctional communication. New insights have highlighted the importance of oocyte lipid metabolism for oocyte oxidative phosphorylation for ATP production, meiotic progression and developmental competence. Within the last decade, several new strategies for improving the developmental competence of oocytes undergoing IVM have emerged, including modulation of cyclic nucleotides, the addition of precursors for the antioxidant glutathione or endogenous maturation mediators such as epidermal growth factor-like peptides and growth differentiation factor 9/bone morphogenetic protein 15. These IVM additives positively alter COC metabolic endpoints commonly associated with oocyte competence. There remain significant challenges in the study of COC metabolism. Owing to the paucity in non-invasive or in situ techniques to assess metabolism, most work to date has used in vitro or ex vivo models. Additionally, the difficulty of measuring oocyte and cumulus cell metabolism separately while still in a complex has led to the frequent use of denuded oocytes, the results from which should be interpreted with caution since the oocyte and cumulus cell compartments are metabolically interdependent, and oocytes do not naturally exist in a naked state until after fertilization. There are emerging tools, including live fluorescence imaging and photonics probes, which may provide ways to measure the dynamic nature of metabolism in a single oocyte, potentially while in situ. WIDER IMPLICATIONS There is an association between oocyte metabolism and oocyte developmental competence. Advancing our understanding of basic cellular and biochemical mechanisms regulating oocyte metabolism may identify new avenues to augment oocyte quality and assess developmental potential in assisted reproduction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dulama Richani
- School of Women's and Children's Health, Fertility & Research Centre, University of New South Wales Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Kylie R Dunning
- Robinson Research Institute, Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia.,Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia.,Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Jeremy G Thompson
- Robinson Research Institute, Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia.,Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia.,Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Robert B Gilchrist
- School of Women's and Children's Health, Fertility & Research Centre, University of New South Wales Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Bhardwaj JK, Panchal H, Saraf P. Ameliorating Effects of Natural Antioxidant Compounds on Female Infertility: a Review. Reprod Sci 2020; 28:1227-1256. [PMID: 32935256 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-020-00312-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The prevalence of female infertility cases has been increasing at a frightening rate, affecting approximately 48 million women across the world. However, oxidative stress has been recognized as one of the main mediators of female infertility by causing various reproductive pathologies in females such as endometriosis, PCOS, preeclampsia, spontaneous abortion, and unexplained infertility. Nowadays, concerned women prefer dietary supplements with antioxidant properties over synthetic drugs as a natural way to lessen the oxidative stress and enhance their fertility. Therefore, the current review is an attempt to explore the efficacy of various natural antioxidant compounds including vitamins, carotenoids, and plant polyphenols and also of some medicinal plants in improving the fertility status of females. Our summarization of recent findings in the current article would pave the way toward the development of new possible antioxidant therapy to treat infertility in females. Natural antioxidant compounds found in fruits, vegetables, and other dietary sources, alone or in combination with other antioxidants, were found to be effective in ameliorating the oxidative stress-mediated infertility problems in both natural and assisted reproductive settings. Numerous medicinal plants showed promising results in averting the various reproductive disorders associated with female infertility, suggesting a plant-based herbal medicine to treat infertility. Although optimum levels of natural antioxidants have shown favorable results, however, their excessive intake may have adverse health impacts. Therefore, larger well-designed, dose-response studies in humans are further warranted to incorporate natural antioxidant compounds into the clinical management of female infertility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jitender Kumar Bhardwaj
- Reproductive Physiology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, Haryana, 136119, India.
| | - Harish Panchal
- Reproductive Physiology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, Haryana, 136119, India
| | - Priyanka Saraf
- Reproductive Physiology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, Haryana, 136119, India
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Carrillo-González DF, Rodríguez-Osorio N, Long CR, Vásquez-Araque NA, Maldonado-Estrada JG. l-Carnitine Supplementation during In Vitro Maturation and In Vitro Culture Does not Affect the Survival Rates after Vitrification and Warming but Alters Inf-T and ptgs2 Gene Expression. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21165601. [PMID: 32764334 PMCID: PMC7460650 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21165601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
l-carnitine is a potent antioxidant used for in vitro culture systems. Controversial results have been reported using l-carnitine in culture medium at different stages of in vitro bovine embryo production. Cumulus-oocyte complexes (n = 843) were in vitro-fertilized and cultured and added (treatment group) or not added (control group) with l-carnitine. At day three of culture, each group was subdivided into two subgroups receiving no l-carnitine (group 1), 3.8 mM l-carnitine added during in vitro maturation (group 2), 1.5 mM added during the in vitro culture (group 3), and 3.8 mM and 1.5 mM added during the maturation and culture, respectively (group 4). At day 8, blastocyst embryos were examined for mitochondrial activity, the presence of lipid droplets, total cell number, gene expression, and cryotolerance by vitrification. The data were analyzed with a one-way analysis of variance. l-carnitine added in the late in vitro culture significantly reduced mitochondrial activity and lipid content, and upregulated ifn-τ and ptgs2 gene expression compared to controls (p < 0.05). l-carnitine supplementation did not significantly affect the embryo rate production or survival rate after vitrification and warming (p > 0.05). l-carnitine supplementation significantly improved embryo potential to develop viable pregnancies in agreement with a study reporting improved pregnancy rates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Diego F. Carrillo-González
- One Health and Veterinary Innovative Research and Development (OHVRI) Group, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Antioquia, Medellin 050034, Colombia;
- Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, School of Zootechny, Universidad de Sucre, Sincelejo 700001, Colombia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +57-31-12-782241
| | - Nélida Rodríguez-Osorio
- Genomics and Bioinformatics Lab, Department of Biological Sciences, University of the Republic of Uruguay, Salto Campus, Rivera 1350, Salto 50000, Uruguay;
| | - Charles R. Long
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA;
| | - Neil A. Vásquez-Araque
- Grupo de investigación Biotecnología Animal, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Sede Medellín, Medellín 050034, Colombia;
| | - Juan G. Maldonado-Estrada
- One Health and Veterinary Innovative Research and Development (OHVRI) Group, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Antioquia, Medellin 050034, Colombia;
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
In vitro maturation on an agarose matrix improves the developmental competence of porcine oocytes. Theriogenology 2020; 157:7-17. [PMID: 32768724 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2020.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Revised: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Oocytes in vivo generally mature in ovarian follicles that are soft, whereas oocytes that mature in vitro are on the hard surface of culture dishes. Embryonic ontogeny through organogenesis has greater ability in in vivo matured oocytes than it does in in vitro matured oocytes, indicating the importance of a soft culture matrix. In this study, we report the effect of using an agarose matrix as a culture substrate on the development of pig oocytes derived from medium antral follicles. The cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) retrieved from medium antral follicles were matured on noncoated (control) culture dishes or dishes coated with 1% and 2% (w/v) agarose matrices. Subsequently, the effect of the soft culture matrix on the developmental competence of porcine oocytes was assessed by analyzing cumulus expansion, blastocyst formation after parthenogenetic activation (PA), gene expression levels (ACTN4, BMP15, BAX, HIF1A, PFKP and VEGFA), TUNEL indices, BMP15 protein expression levels, cortical granule (CG) distribution, and intraoocyte ATP levels. In vitro maturation (IVM) of pig COCs using a 1% (w/v) agarose matrix resulted in significantly higher blastocyst formation, cumulus expansion, gene expression of BMP15, HIF1A and VEGFA, protein expression of BMP15, and intraoocyte ATP levels, and there was significantly reduced expression of a pro-apoptotic gene and ACTN4 gene and a reduction in TUNEL indices. These results demonstrate that the developmental competence of porcine oocytes can be effectively improved through IVM on a soft culture matrix made of agarose over what is observed using hard culture dishes.
Collapse
|
24
|
Xu H, Jia C, Cheng W, Zhang T, Tao R, Ma Y, Si L, Xu Y, Li J. The Effect of L-Carnitine Additive During In Vitro Maturation on the Vitrification of Pig Oocytes. Cell Reprogram 2020; 22:198-207. [PMID: 32673085 DOI: 10.1089/cell.2020.0014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cryopreservation of oocytes/embryos is an important technique for genetic resources; however, the success of vitrification in pig oocytes remained at a relatively lower level due to the high content of lipid droplets (LDs). Considering the positive effect of L-carnitine on the function of LDs, the present study was designed to investigate the effect of the addition of L-carnitine on the vitrification of porcine cumulus cells of complexes (cumulus/oocyte complexes [COCs]). First, COCs were randomly divided into two groups: one group of COCs were commonly in vitro maturation (IVM) for 42-46 hours (nonvitrification [NV]), while another group of COCs were IVM with 10 mM L-carnitine (NVL [nonvitrification with L-carnitine addition in IVM]). In addition, random parts of COCs with L-carnitine addition were vitrified (VL [vitrification with L-carnitine addition in IVM]), while vitrification was performed on COCs without L-carnitine used as control group (V). Results showed that the maturation rate of pig oocytes reduced significantly when the vitrification was performed at 16 hours during IVM (VL vs. NVL, 40.09 ± 2.85 vs. 90.76 ± 1.16; V vs. NV, 34.41 ± 2.55 vs. 89.71 ± 1.33, p < 0.01). With the addition of L-carnitine, intracellular LDs were decreased significantly (p < 0.01). However, no difference was observed on the efficiency of vitrification in pig oocytes (VL vs. V, 40.09 ± 2.85 vs. 34.41 ± 2.55, p > 0.05). In addition, not only the reactive oxygen species (ROS) level in pig oocytes with the L-carnitine addition group reduced significantly (p < 0.01), but also the expression of SOD1 gene was improved (p < 0.05). In conclusion, results demonstrated that although no difference could be observed on pig COC vitrification, the LDs and ROS level in pig oocytes could be modified by the addition of L-carnitine, which might be helpful for further development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongxia Xu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, and Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chao Jia
- College of Animal Science and Technology, and Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenxiu Cheng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, and Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Tongtong Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, and Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ruixin Tao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, and Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuehua Ma
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Linan Si
- College of Animal Science and Technology, and Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yinxue Xu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, and Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Juan Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, and Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Effects of cobalamin on meiotic resumption and developmental competence of growing porcine oocytes. Theriogenology 2020; 154:24-30. [PMID: 32473446 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2020.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2019] [Revised: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
This study was performed to explore the effects of cobalamin treatment during in vitro maturation (IVM) of porcine oocytes. Specifically, the effects of cobalamin exposure on nuclear and cytoplasmic maturation of oocytes, diameter, glutathione (GSH) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels of matured oocytes, as well as development and gene expression of porcine parthenogenetic and cloned embryos were assessed. Cumulus-oocyte complexes were exposed to 200 pM cobalamin for 22 h or incubated for 22 h without cobalamin (controls). The mean diameter of cobalamin-treated oocytes was greater than that of control oocytes (160.0 vs. 154.5 μm; p < 0.05). GSH level increased but ROS level decreased in the cobalamin-treated oocyte group. Parthenogenetic embryos derived from cobalamin-treated oocytes showed improved oocyte maturation (91.3% vs. 83.8%), cleavage (88.9% vs. 82.1%), and blastocyst formation (38.7% vs. 31.9%) rates compared with control embryos (p < 0.05). Similarly, cloned embryos derived from cobalamin-treated oocytes showed higher oocyte maturation (89.2% vs. 82.2%), cleavage (87.5% vs. 80.3%), and blastocyst formation (30.0% vs. 23.8%) rates than control embryos (p < 0.05). Furthermore, in parthenogenetic and cloned embryos, total cell number, inner cell mass (ICM), trophectoderm (TE) expression, and ICM: TE ratio were higher in the cobalamin-treated group compared to that in the control group (p < 0.05). Cloned embryos in the cobalamin-treated group showed higher mRNA expression levels of POU5F1, DPPA2, and NDP52IL than control group embryos. Together, these results demonstrate that cobalamin treatment during IVM improves the developmental competence of porcine oocytes by neutralizing the free radicals produced in the IVM medium.
Collapse
|
26
|
Cao M, Han Q, Zhang J, Zhang R, Wang J, Gu W, Kang W, Lian K, Ai L. An untargeted and pseudotargeted metabolomic combination approach to identify differential markers to distinguish live from dead pork meat by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2020; 1610:460553. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2019.460553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Revised: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
|
27
|
Jiang WJ, Yao XR, Zhao YH, Gao QS, Jin QG, Li YH, Yan AG, Xu YN. L-carnitine prevents bovine oocyte aging and promotes subsequent embryonic development. J Reprod Dev 2019; 65:499-506. [PMID: 31474647 PMCID: PMC6923151 DOI: 10.1262/jrd.2019-046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
L-carnitine (LC) is well known for its antioxidant activity. In this study, we explored the potential mechanistic effects of LC supplementation on aged bovine oocytes in vitro. We showed that in-vitro maturation could enhance the subsequent developmental capacity of aging oocytes, when supplemented with LC. After in vitro fertilization, the blastocyst formation rate in the aged oocytes post-LC treatment significantly increased compared to that in untreated aged oocytes (29.23 ± 2.20% vs. 20.90 ± 3.05%). Furthermore, after LC treatment, the level of intracellular reactive oxygen species in aged oocytes significantly decreased, and glutathione levels significantly increased, compared to those in untreated aged oocytes. Mitochondrial membrane potential, the percentage of early apoptotic oocytes, and caspase-3 activity were significantly reduced in LC-treated aged oocytes compared to those in untreated aged oocytes. Furthermore, during in vitro aging, the mRNA levels of the anti-apoptotic genes, Bcl-xl and survivin in LC-treated aged oocytes were significantly higher than those in untreated aged oocytes. Overall, these results indicate that at least in in vitro conditions, LC can prevent the aging of bovine oocytes and improve the developmental capacity of bovine embryo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Jie Jiang
- College of Agriculture, Yanbian University, Yanji 133000, China
- Engineering Research Center of Yanbian Yellow Cattle Resources Reservation, Yanji 133000, China
| | - Xue-Rui Yao
- College of Agriculture, Yanbian University, Yanji 133000, China
- Engineering Research Center of Yanbian Yellow Cattle Resources Reservation, Yanji 133000, China
| | - Yu-Han Zhao
- College of Agriculture, Yanbian University, Yanji 133000, China
- Engineering Research Center of Yanbian Yellow Cattle Resources Reservation, Yanji 133000, China
| | - Qing-Shan Gao
- College of Agriculture, Yanbian University, Yanji 133000, China
- Engineering Research Center of Yanbian Yellow Cattle Resources Reservation, Yanji 133000, China
| | - Qing-Guo Jin
- College of Agriculture, Yanbian University, Yanji 133000, China
- Engineering Research Center of Yanbian Yellow Cattle Resources Reservation, Yanji 133000, China
| | - Ying-Hua Li
- College of Agriculture, Yanbian University, Yanji 133000, China
- Engineering Research Center of Yanbian Yellow Cattle Resources Reservation, Yanji 133000, China
| | - Ang-Guo Yan
- College of Agriculture, Yanbian University, Yanji 133000, China
- Engineering Research Center of Yanbian Yellow Cattle Resources Reservation, Yanji 133000, China
| | - Yong-Nan Xu
- College of Agriculture, Yanbian University, Yanji 133000, China
- Engineering Research Center of Yanbian Yellow Cattle Resources Reservation, Yanji 133000, China
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Lowe JL, Bathgate R, Grupen CG. Effect of carbohydrates on lipid metabolism during porcine oocyte IVM. Reprod Fertil Dev 2019; 31:557-569. [PMID: 31039975 DOI: 10.1071/rd18043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Porcine oocytes contain a large amount of endogenous lipid, which is thought to function as an intracellular source of energy. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of stimulating or inhibiting lipid metabolism using l-carnitine or etomoxir respectively on the IVM of porcine oocytes cultured in media of varying carbohydrate composition. In the presence of pyruvate and lactate, exclusion of glucose inhibited oocyte nuclear and cytoplasmic maturation compared with oocytes matured in media containing low (1.5mM) and high (4.0mM) concentrations of glucose. In the absence of pyruvate and lactate in low-glucose medium only, a greater proportion of l-carnitine-treated oocytes progressed to the MII stage compared with untreated oocytes. The inclusion of pyruvate and lactate significantly altered the distribution of cytoplasmic lipid droplets and elevated the ATP content of oocytes, whereas the l-carnitine treatment did not. Further, the inhibitory effect of etomoxir on nuclear maturation was decreased in high- compared with low-glucose medium. The results indicate that carbohydrate substrates are absolutely necessary for effective porcine oocyte maturation, and that l-carnitine supplementation can only partially compensate for deficiencies in carbohydrate provision.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jenna L Lowe
- Sydney School of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney, 425 Werombi Road, Camden, NSW 2570, Australia
| | - Roslyn Bathgate
- Sydney School of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney, 425 Werombi Road, Camden, NSW 2570, Australia
| | - Christopher G Grupen
- Sydney School of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney, 425 Werombi Road, Camden, NSW 2570, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Dubeibe Marin DF, da Costa NN, di Paula Bessa Santana P, de Souza EB, Ohashi OM. Importance of lipid metabolism on oocyte maturation and early embryo development: Can we apply what we know to buffalo? Anim Reprod Sci 2019; 211:106220. [PMID: 31785645 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2019.106220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Revised: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The knowledge about the biological events that regulate lipid metabolism in oocytes and embryos in buffalo is scarce. Lipogenesis, lipolysis, transport and oxidation of fatty acids (FAs) occur in gametes and embryonic cells of all mammalian species, as an intrinsic component of energy metabolism. In oocytes and cumulus cells, degradation of lipids is responsible for the production of ATP that is essential for the metabolic processes that lead to oocyte maturation in in vivo and in vitro culture conditions. Similarly, throughout embryo development, blastomeres have the capacity to use exogenous and/or endogenous lipid reserves to serve as an energy source necessary for early embryonic development. In addition, supplementation of culture media with L-carnitine to promote lipid metabolism during in vitro oocyte maturation and early embryonic development leads to an improved embryo quality. The limited scientific evidence available in buffalo indicates there is relatively greater oocyte lipid content as compared with many other species that undergoes a dynamic distribution during folliculogenesis and follicle maturation and that has a positive effect on oocyte maturation and embryo development when there is L-carnitine supplementation of the media. Advances in the understanding of the biological peculiarities of lipid metabolism, and the consequences of its alteration on the quality of buffalo gametes and embryos, therefore, are necessary to design specific culture media and laboratory procedures as a strategy to increase in vitro-derived embryo production rates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Diego Fernando Dubeibe Marin
- Biological Sciences Institute, Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Federal University of Pará, (Universidade Federal do Pará-UFPA), Belém, Pará, 66075-110, Brazil.
| | - Nathalia Nogueira da Costa
- Biological Sciences Institute, Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Federal University of Pará, (Universidade Federal do Pará-UFPA), Belém, Pará, 66075-110, Brazil
| | | | - Eduardo Baia de Souza
- Biological Sciences Institute, Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Federal University of Pará, (Universidade Federal do Pará-UFPA), Belém, Pará, 66075-110, Brazil
| | - Otavio Mitio Ohashi
- Biological Sciences Institute, Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Federal University of Pará, (Universidade Federal do Pará-UFPA), Belém, Pará, 66075-110, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Toxicological evaluation of 3-(4-Chlorophenylselanyl)-1-methyl-1H-indole through the bovine oocyte in vitro maturation model. Toxicol In Vitro 2019; 62:104678. [PMID: 31629896 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2019.104678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Revised: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The development of new bioactive molecules based on the molecular hybridization has been widely explored. In line with this, reliable tests should be employed to give information about the toxicology of these new molecules. In this sense, the use of in vitro tests is a valuable tool, especially the in vitro maturation of oocytes (IVM), which is an efficient resource to discover the potential toxicity of synthetic molecules. Thus, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the toxicological effects of the selenium-containing indolyl compound 3-(4-Chlorophenylselanyl)-1-methyl-1H-indole (CMI), on different quality parameters of bovine oocytes through the IVM. Different concentrations of the CMI compound (0, 25, 50, 100, 200 μM) were supplemented during the in vitro maturation process. After, the oocyte maturation rate, glutathione (GSH) levels, reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, membrane, and mitochondrial integrity were evaluated. The results showed that the lowest concentration of CMI induced the highest GSH production (P < 0.05), an important marker of cytoplasmic quality and maturation. All treatments increased ROS production in relation to non-supplementation (P < 0.05). In addition, oocyte maturation was reduced only with the highest concentration of CMI (P < 0.05). Supplementation with CMI did not impact mitochondrial activity, integrity and cell membrane. To our knowledge, this is the first study that evaluates CMI on the oocyte in vitro maturation process. Importantly, our results did not find any toxic effect of CMI on bovine oocytes. CMI was efficient for cytoplasmic maturation by promoting an increase in the intracellular levels of glutathione.
Collapse
|
31
|
Lee J, Lee Y, Lee GS, Lee ST, Lee E. Comparative study of the developmental competence of cloned pig embryos derived from spermatogonial stem cells and fetal fibroblasts. Reprod Domest Anim 2019; 54:1258-1264. [PMID: 31283039 DOI: 10.1111/rda.13507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Spermatogonial stem cells (SSC) are promising resources for genetic preservation and restoration of male germ cells in humans and animals. However, no studies have used SSC as donor nuclei in pig somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT). This study investigated the potential for use of porcine SSC as a nuclei donor for SCNT and developmental competence of SSC-derived cloned embryos. In addition, demecolcine was investigated to determine whether it could prevent rupture of SSC during SCNT. When the potential of SSC to support embryonic development after SCNT was compared with that of foetal fibroblasts (FF), SSC-derived SCNT embryos showed a higher (p < .05) developmental competence to the blastocyst stage (47.8%) than FF-derived embryos (25.6%). However, when SSC were used as donor nuclei in the SCNT process, cell fusion rates were lower (p < .05) than when FF were used (61.9% vs. 75.8%). Treatment of SSC with demecolcine significantly (p < .05) decreased rupture of SSC during the SCNT procedure (7.5% vs. 18.8%) and increased fusion of cell-oocyte couplets compared with no treatment (74.6% vs. 61.6%). In addition, SSC-derived SCNT embryos showed higher blastocyst formation (48.4%) than FF-derived embryos without (28.4%) and with demecolcine treatment (17.4%), even after demecolcine treatment. Our results demonstrate that porcine SSC are a desirable donor cell type for production of SCNT pig embryos and that demecolcine increases production efficiency of cloned embryos by inhibiting rupture of nuclei donor SSC during SCNT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joohyeong Lee
- Institute of Veterinary Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Yongjin Lee
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Geun-Shik Lee
- Institute of Veterinary Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea.,College of Veterinary Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Seung Tae Lee
- College of Animal Life Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Eunsong Lee
- Institute of Veterinary Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea.,College of Veterinary Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Effect of Glycine and Various Osmolarities of Culture Medium on In VitroDevelopment of Parthenogenesis and Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer Embryos in Pigs. JOURNAL OF ANIMAL REPRODUCTION AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.12750/jet.2018.33.4.221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
|
33
|
Improved Preimplantation Development of Porcine Cloned Embryos by Flavone Supplement as Antioxidant. JOURNAL OF ANIMAL REPRODUCTION AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.12750/jet.2018.33.4.255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
|
34
|
Exogenous Nitric Oxide Donation During In Vitro Maturation Improves Embryonic Development after Parthenogenesis and Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer in Pigs. JOURNAL OF ANIMAL REPRODUCTION AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.12750/jet.2018.33.4.211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
|
35
|
Xu HY, Yang XG, Lu SS, Liang XW, Lu YQ, Zhang M, Lu KH. Treatment with acetyl-l-carnitine during in vitro maturation of buffalo oocytes improves oocyte quality and subsequent embryonic development. Theriogenology 2018; 118:80-89. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2018.05.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Revised: 05/27/2018] [Accepted: 05/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
|
36
|
Lee J, Lee H, Lee Y, Park B, Elahi F, Lee ST, Park CK, Hyun SH, Lee E. In vitro oocyte maturation in a medium containing reduced sodium chloride improves the developmental competence of pig oocytes after parthenogenesis and somatic cell nuclear transfer. Reprod Fertil Dev 2018; 29:1625-1634. [PMID: 27592715 DOI: 10.1071/rd15488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2015] [Accepted: 08/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study investigated the effects of IVM in hypotonic medium containing reduced (61.6mM) NaCl compared with isotonic medium containing 108.0mM NaCl (designated L and N respectively) on oocyte maturation and embryonic development in pigs. IVM culture was divided into four periods at 11-h intervals. Oocytes cultured in N for 33h and then in L for 11h of IVM (N-N-N-L) showed significantly improved (P<0.05) nuclear maturation of oocytes (75.4-79.0% vs 60.2-85.8%) and blastocyst formation (61.5-66.1% vs 45.2-67.5%) after parthenogenesis (PA) compared with other treatments (L-L-L-L, L-L-L-N, L-L-N-L, N-N-L-L, N-N-L-N, L-L-N-L, L-N-N-L and N-L-N-L). Oocytes matured in L-L-L-L and N-N-N-L had an increased (P<0.05) perivitelline space (11.0-12.5 vs 5.5µm) and intraoocyte reduced glutathione (GSH) content (1.39-1.41 vs 1.00 pixels per oocyte) relative to oocytes matured in N-N-N-N. Somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) embryos derived from the N-N-N-L treatment had significantly (P<0.05) higher blastocyst formation (53.5%) than embryos derived from Medium-199 (37.4%) and N-N-N-N (41.8%) treatments. Overall, the results demonstrate that maturation of pig oocytes in hypotonic medium with reduced NaCl during the last 11h of IVM increases the developmental competence of oocytes after PA and SCNT by improving the cytoplasmic microenvironment, including an increased GSH content in IVM oocytes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joohyeong Lee
- Laboratory of Theriogenology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24341, Korea
| | - Hanna Lee
- Laboratory of Theriogenology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24341, Korea
| | - Yongjin Lee
- Laboratory of Theriogenology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24341, Korea
| | - Bola Park
- Laboratory of Theriogenology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24341, Korea
| | - Fazle Elahi
- Laboratory of Theriogenology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24341, Korea
| | - Seung Tae Lee
- Division of Applied Animal Science, College of Animal Life Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24341, Korea
| | - Choon-Keun Park
- Division of Applied Animal Science, College of Animal Life Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24341, Korea
| | - Sang-Hwan Hyun
- Laboratory of Veterinary Embryology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28644, Korea
| | - Eunsong Lee
- Laboratory of Theriogenology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24341, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
l-Ergothioneine improves the developmental potential of in vitro sheep embryos without influencing OCTN1-mediated cross-membrane transcript expression. ZYGOTE 2018; 26:149-161. [DOI: 10.1017/s0967199418000047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
SummaryThe objective of the study was to investigate the effect of l-ergothioneine (l-erg) (5 mM or 10 mM) supplementation in maturation medium on the developmental potential and OCTN1-dependant l-erg-mediated (10 mM) change in mRNA abundance of apoptotic (Bcl2, Bax, Casp3 and PCNA) and antioxidant (GPx, SOD1, SOD2 and CAT) genes in sheep oocytes and developmental stages of embryos produced in vitro. Oocytes matured with l-erg (10 mM) reduced their embryo toxicity by decreasing intracellular ROS and increasing intracellular GSH in matured oocytes that in turn improved developmental potential, resulting in significantly (P < 0.05) higher percentages of cleavage (53.72% vs 38.86, 46.56%), morulae (34.36% vs 20.62, 25.84%) and blastocysts (14.83% vs 6.98, 9.26%) compared with other lower concentrations (0 mM and 5 mM) of l-erg without change in maturation rate. l-Erg (10 mM) treatment did not influence the mRNA abundance of the majority of apoptotic and antioxidant genes studied in the matured oocytes and developmental stages of embryo. A gene expression study found that the SLC22A4 gene that encodes OCTN1, an integral membrane protein and specific transporter of l-erg was not expressed in oocytes and developmental stages of embryos. Therefore it was concluded from the study that although there was improvement in the developmental potential of sheep embryos by l-erg supplementation in maturation medium, there was no change in the expression of the majority of the genes studied due to the absence of the SLC22A4 gene in oocytes and embryos that encode OCTN1, which is responsible for transportation of l-erg across the membrane to alter gene expression.
Collapse
|
38
|
Agarwal A, Sengupta P, Durairajanayagam D. Role of L-carnitine in female infertility. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2018; 16:5. [PMID: 29373970 PMCID: PMC5785901 DOI: 10.1186/s12958-018-0323-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Accepted: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND L-carnitine (LC), and its acetylated form, acetyl L-carnitine (ALC), have immense functional capabilities to regulate the oxidative and metabolic status of the female reproductive system. The vulnerability of this system to free radicals demand for advanced strategies to combat them. For this purpose, the 'quasi vitamins' LC and ALC can be used either individually, or in combination with each other or with other antioxidants. MAIN BODY This review (a) summarizes the effects of carnitines on female fertility along with the findings from various in vivo and in vitro studies involving human, animal and assisted reproductive technology, and (b) proposes their mechanism of actions in improving female fertility through their integrated actions on reducing cellular stress, maintaining hormonal balance and enhancing energy production. They reportedly aid β-oxidation in oocytes, maintain its cell membrane stability by acetylation of phospholipids and amphiphilic actions, prevent free radical-induced DNA damage and also stabilize acetyl Co-A/Co-A ratio for adequate acetyl storage as energy supply to maintain the robustness of reproductive cells. CONCLUSION While both LC and ALC have their applications in improving female fertility, ALC is preferred for its better antioxidant properties and LC for amelioration of energy supply to the cells. These beneficial effects show great promise in its application as a treatment option for women facing infertility disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ashok Agarwal
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Glickman Urological and Kidney Institute, Mail Code X-11, 10681 Carnegie Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA.
| | - Pallav Sengupta
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, MAHSA University, Jalan SP2, Bandar Saujana Putra, 42610, Jenjarum, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Damayanthi Durairajanayagam
- Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sungai Buloh Campus, Jalan Hospital, 47000, Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
C-Phycocyanin supplementation during in vitro maturation enhances pre-implantation developmental competence of parthenogenetic and cloned embryos in pigs. Theriogenology 2018; 106:69-78. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2017.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Revised: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|
40
|
l -carnitine supplementation during vitrification or warming of in vivo -produced ovine embryos does not affect embryonic survival rates, but alters CrAT and PRDX1 expression. Theriogenology 2018; 105:150-157. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2017.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Revised: 09/12/2017] [Accepted: 09/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
|
41
|
Zare Z, Abouhamzeh B, Masteri Farahani R, Salehi M, Mohammadi M. Supplementation of L-carnitine during in vitro maturation of mouse oocytes affects expression of genes involved in oocyte and embryo competence:An experimental study. Int J Reprod Biomed 2017. [DOI: 10.29252/ijrm.15.12.779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
|
42
|
Supplementation of l-carnitine during in vitro maturation improves embryo development from less competent bovine oocytes. Theriogenology 2017; 102:16-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2017.06.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2017] [Revised: 06/12/2017] [Accepted: 06/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
|
43
|
Fathi M, El-Shahat KH. L-carnitine enhances oocyte maturation and improves in vitro development of embryos in dromedary camels (Camelus dromedaries). Theriogenology 2017; 104:18-22. [PMID: 28802113 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2017.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2017] [Revised: 08/02/2017] [Accepted: 08/03/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of L-carnitine (LC) addition during either IVM or IVC on the developmental potential of camel oocytes. In Experiment 1; camel oocytes were matured in the absence (control) or presence of different concentrations of LC (0.25 mg, 0.5 mg, 0.75 mg and 1 mg/ml) for 30 h followed by in vitro fertilization and culture up to blastocyst stage. Our results demonstrated that oocytes treated with 0.5 mg/ml LC showed higher (P < 0.05) rates of maturation (74.7%) and fertilization (62.2%) compared with control group, 0.25 and 1 mg/ml of LC (60.2, 63.9, 59.7; 46.2, 48.7, 47.6%, respectively). Addition of 0.5 mg/ml of LC to IVM medium improved the rates of cleavage and embryo development (morula and blastocyst) than those obtained in the control group, 0.25 and 1 mg/ml of LC. No significant differences were noticed between 0.5 and 0.75 mg/ml of LC supplemented groups in term of maturation, fertilization and culture. In Experiment 2; zygotes resulting from in vitro matured (without LC) and fertilized were cultured in embryo culture medium supplemented with different concentrations of LC (0.25 mg, 0.5 mg, 0.75 mg and 1 mg/ml) or without LC (control). Also, the results showed a higher developmental rates to morula and blastocyst stages while adding L-carnitine at a level of 0.5 or 0.75 mg/ml concentration in the culture medium during IVC when compared with other groups. In conclusion, the results demonstrated the usefulness of L-carnitine supplementation at the level of 0.5 mg/ml during IVM or IVC after on the developmental potential of camel oocytes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Fathi
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.
| | - K H El-Shahat
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Lee J, You J, Lee GS, Lee ST, Hyun SH, Lee E. Combined Treatment with Demecolcine and 6-Dimethylaminopurine during Postactivation Improves Developmental Competence of Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer Embryos in Pigs. Anim Biotechnol 2017; 29:41-49. [PMID: 28358237 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2017.1294598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
This study determined the effects of postactivation treatment with demecolcine and/or 6-dimethylaminopurine (6-DMAP) on in vivo and in vitro developmental competence of somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) embryos in pigs. SCNT embryos were treated for 4 hours with 0.4 µg/mL demecolcine, 2 mM 6-DMAP, or both after electric activation, then transferred to surrogate pigs or cultured for 7 days. The formation rate of SCNT embryos with a single pronucleus was higher in combined treatment with demecolcine and 6-DMAP (95.2%) than treatment with demecolcine alone (87.1%). Blastocyst formation of SCNT embryos was significantly increased in combined treatment with demecolcine and 6-DMAP (48.7%) compared with demecolcine (22.2%) or 6-DMAP alone (37.3%). Fluctuation of maturation promoting factor activity showed different patterns among various postactivation treatments. Pregnancy was established in 1 of 5 surrogates after transfer of SCNT embryos that were treated with demecolcine and 6-DMAP. The pregnant surrogate delivered one healthy live piglet. The results of our study demonstrated that postactivation treatment with demecolcine and 6-DMAP together improved preimplantation development and supported normal in vivo development of SCNT pig embryos, probably influencing MPF activity and nuclear remodeling, including induction of single pronucleus formation after electric activation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joohyeong Lee
- a College of Veterinary Medicine , Kangwon National University , Chuncheon , Korea.,b Institute of Veterinary Science , Kangwon National University , Chuncheon , Korea
| | - Jinyoung You
- a College of Veterinary Medicine , Kangwon National University , Chuncheon , Korea
| | - Geun-Shik Lee
- a College of Veterinary Medicine , Kangwon National University , Chuncheon , Korea
| | - Seung Tae Lee
- c College of Animal Life Science , Kangwon National University , Chuncheon , Korea
| | - Sang-Hwan Hyun
- d College of Veterinary Medicine , Chungbuk National University , Cheongju , Korea
| | - Eunsong Lee
- a College of Veterinary Medicine , Kangwon National University , Chuncheon , Korea.,b Institute of Veterinary Science , Kangwon National University , Chuncheon , Korea
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Lowe JL, Bartolac LK, Bathgate R, Grupen CG. Cryotolerance of porcine blastocysts is improved by treating in vitro matured oocytes with L-carnitine prior to fertilization. J Reprod Dev 2017; 63:263-270. [PMID: 28302936 PMCID: PMC5481628 DOI: 10.1262/jrd.2016-141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Sufficient generation of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) by oocytes is critical for fertilization and embryo development. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of supplementing media with L-carnitine, a co-factor
required for the metabolism of fatty acids, during the peri-fertilization period on embryo development and energy generation. Firstly, in vitro matured (IVM) porcine oocytes were co-incubated with sperm in IVF
medium supplemented with 0‒24 mM L-carnitine. The blastocyst formation rate of the control group was greater than those of the L-carnitine groups (P < 0.05), except for the 3 mM L-carnitine group. Subsequently, oocytes and/or
sperm were treated without or with 3 mM L-carnitine for either the 1 h pre-IVF oocyte incubation; the pre-IVF sperm preparation; the first 30 min of IVF; or the entire 5.5 h of IVF. Despite similar fertilization rates among the
groups, the cleavage rate of the pre-IVF oocyte group was significantly greater than those of the other groups, except for the pre-IVF sperm group. Additionally, the oocyte ATP content and the cryotolerance of the resulting
blastocysts were examined following the pre-IVF oocyte treatment. Oocyte ATP content was also similar among the groups (P > 0.05). Following vitrification, the post-warming survival rate of blastocysts derived from
L-carnitine-treated oocytes was greater than that of blastocysts derived from untreated oocytes (42.4% vs. 24.9%; P < 0.05). In conclusion, a 1 h oocyte exposure to 3 mM L-carnitine immediately prior to
insemination enhanced cleavage and improved the cryotolerance of resulting blastocysts. While the findings are suggestive of a lipolytic action, further studies are required to clarify the contributions of lipid metabolism and
oxidative mechanisms to the observed effects of the L-carnitine treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jenna L Lowe
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, NSW 2570, Australia
| | - Louise K Bartolac
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, NSW 2570, Australia
| | - Roslyn Bathgate
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, NSW 2570, Australia
| | - Christopher G Grupen
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, NSW 2570, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Sovernigo TC, Adona PR, Monzani PS, Guemra S, Barros FDA, Lopes FG, Leal CLV. Effects of supplementation of medium with different antioxidants during in vitro maturation of bovine oocytes on subsequent embryo production. Reprod Domest Anim 2017; 52:561-569. [DOI: 10.1111/rda.12946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2016] [Accepted: 02/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- TC Sovernigo
- Escola de Medicina Veterinária; Universidade Norte do Paraná; Arapongas Paraná Brazil
| | - PR Adona
- Escola de Medicina Veterinária; Universidade Norte do Paraná; Arapongas Paraná Brazil
- Centro de Ciência e Tecnologia de Leite e Derivados; Universidade Norte do Paraná; Londrina Paraná Brazil
- Laboratório de Reprodução Animal; Agropecuária Laffranchi; Tamarana Paraná Brazil
| | - PS Monzani
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária; Universidade de São Paulo; Pirassununga São Paulo Brazil
| | - S Guemra
- Escola de Medicina Veterinária; Universidade Norte do Paraná; Arapongas Paraná Brazil
- Laboratório de Reprodução Animal; Agropecuária Laffranchi; Tamarana Paraná Brazil
| | - FDA Barros
- Escola de Medicina Veterinária; Universidade Norte do Paraná; Arapongas Paraná Brazil
| | - FG Lopes
- Escola de Medicina Veterinária; Universidade Norte do Paraná; Arapongas Paraná Brazil
| | - CLV Leal
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária; Universidade de São Paulo; Pirassununga São Paulo Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Jin JX, Lee S, Taweechaipaisankul A, Kim GA, Lee BC. Melatonin regulates lipid metabolism in porcine oocytes. J Pineal Res 2017; 62. [PMID: 28095627 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2016] [Accepted: 01/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
It is being increasingly recognized that the processes of lipogenesis and lipolysis are important for providing an essential energy source during oocyte maturation and embryo development. Recent studies demonstrated that melatonin has a role in lipid metabolism regulation, including lipogenesis, lipolysis, and mitochondrial biogenesis. In this study, we attempted to investigate the effects of melatonin on lipid metabolism during porcine oocyte in vitro maturation. Melatonin treatment significantly enhanced the number of lipid droplets (LDs) and upregulated gene expression related to lipogenesis (ACACA, FASN, PPARγ, and SREBF1). Oocytes treated with melatonin formed smaller LDs and abundantly expressed several genes associated with lipolysis, including ATGL, CGI-58, HSL, and PLIN2. Moreover, melatonin significantly increased the content of fatty acids, mitochondria, and ATP, as indicated by fluorescent staining. Concomitantly, melatonin treatment upregulated gene expression related to fatty acid β-oxidation (CPT1a, CPT1b, CPT2, and ACADS) and mitochondrial biogenesis (PGC-1α, TFAM, and PRDX2). Overall, melatonin treatment not only altered both the morphology and amount of LDs, but also increased the content of fatty acids, mitochondria, and ATP. In addition, melatonin upregulated mRNA expression levels of lipogenesis, lipolysis, β-oxidation, and mitochondrial biogenesis-related genes in porcine oocytes. These results indicated that melatonin promoted lipid metabolism and thereby provided an essential energy source for oocyte maturation and subsequent embryonic development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Xue Jin
- Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sanghoon Lee
- Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Anukul Taweechaipaisankul
- Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Geon A Kim
- Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Byeong Chun Lee
- Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
- Institutes of Green Bio Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Lee H, Elahi F, Lee J, Lee ST, Hyun SH, Lee E. Supplement of cilostamide in growth medium improves oocyte maturation and developmental competence of embryos derived from small antral follicles in pigs. Theriogenology 2017; 91:1-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2016.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2016] [Revised: 11/09/2016] [Accepted: 12/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
49
|
Assessment of the effect of adding L-carnitine and/or resveratrol to maturation medium before vitrification on in vitro -matured calf oocytes. Theriogenology 2017; 89:47-57. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2016.09.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2016] [Revised: 09/13/2016] [Accepted: 09/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
|
50
|
Mishra A, Reddy IJ, Gupta PSP, Mondal S. Developmental regulation and modulation of apoptotic genes expression in sheep oocytes and embryos cultured in vitro with L-carnitine. Reprod Domest Anim 2016; 51:1020-1029. [DOI: 10.1111/rda.12789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2016] [Accepted: 08/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A Mishra
- Animal Physiology Division; ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology; Bangalore India
| | - IJ Reddy
- Animal Physiology Division; ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology; Bangalore India
| | - PSP Gupta
- Animal Physiology Division; ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology; Bangalore India
| | - S Mondal
- Animal Physiology Division; ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology; Bangalore India
| |
Collapse
|