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Liu YB, Wang Q, Song YL, Song XM, Fan YC, Kong L, Zhang JS, Li S, Lv YJ, Li ZY, Dai JY, Qiu ZK. Abnormal phosphorylation / dephosphorylation and Ca 2+ dysfunction in heart failure. Heart Fail Rev 2024; 29:751-768. [PMID: 38498262 DOI: 10.1007/s10741-024-10395-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) can be caused by a variety of causes characterized by abnormal myocardial systole and diastole. Ca2+ current through the L-type calcium channel (LTCC) on the membrane is the initial trigger signal for a cardiac cycle. Declined systole and diastole in HF are associated with dysfunction of myocardial Ca2+ function. This disorder can be correlated with unbalanced levels of phosphorylation / dephosphorylation of LTCC, endoplasmic reticulum (ER), and myofilament. Kinase and phosphatase activity changes along with HF progress, resulting in phased changes in the degree of phosphorylation / dephosphorylation. It is important to realize the phosphorylation / dephosphorylation differences between a normal and a failing heart. This review focuses on phosphorylation / dephosphorylation changes in the progression of HF and summarizes the effects of phosphorylation / dephosphorylation of LTCC, ER function, and myofilament function in normal conditions and HF based on previous experiments and clinical research. Also, we summarize current therapeutic methods based on abnormal phosphorylation / dephosphorylation and clarify potential therapeutic directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Bing Liu
- Interventional Medical Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao, 266003, Shandong Province, China
- Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yu-Ling Song
- Department of Pediatrics, Huantai County Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zibo, China
| | | | - Yu-Chen Fan
- Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Lin Kong
- Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | | | - Sheng Li
- Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yi-Ju Lv
- Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Ze-Yang Li
- Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jing-Yu Dai
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao, 266003, Shandong Province, China.
| | - Zhen-Kang Qiu
- Interventional Medical Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao, 266003, Shandong Province, China.
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Zhao R, Yan Y, Dong Y, Wang X, Li X, Qiao R, Zhang H, Cui N, Han Y, Wang C, Han J, Ma Q, Liu D, Yang J, Gu G, Wang C. FGF13 deficiency ameliorates calcium signaling abnormality in heart failure by regulating microtubule stability. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 225:116329. [PMID: 38821375 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
Calcium signaling abnormality in cardiomyocytes, as a key mechanism, is closely associated with developing heart failure. Fibroblast growth factor 13 (FGF13) demonstrates important regulatory roles in the heart, but its association with cardiac calcium signaling in heart failure remains unknown. This study aimed to investigate the role and mechanism of FGF13 on calcium mishandling in heart failure. Mice underwent transaortic constriction to establish a heart failure model, which showed decreased ejection fraction, fractional shortening, and contractility. FGF13 deficiency alleviated cardiac dysfunction. Heart failure reduces calcium transients in cardiomyocytes, which were alleviated by FGF13 deficiency. Meanwhile, FGF13 deficiency restored decreased Cav1.2 and Serca2α expression and activity in heart failure. Furthermore, FGF13 interacted with microtubules in the heart, and FGF13 deficiency inhibited the increase of microtubule stability during heart failure. Finally, in isoproterenol-stimulated FGF13 knockdown neonatal rat ventricular myocytes (NRVMs), wildtype FGF13 overexpression, but not FGF13 mutant, which lost the binding site of microtubules, promoted calcium transient abnormality aggravation and Cav1.2 downregulation compared with FGF13 knockdown group. Generally, FGF13 deficiency improves abnormal calcium signaling by inhibiting the increased microtubule stability in heart failure, indicating the important role of FGF13 in cardiac calcium homeostasis and providing new avenues for heart failure prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology, The Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, Ministry of Education, The Key Laboratory of New Drug Pharmacology and Toxicology, The Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Mechanism, Diagnosis and Treatment of Neurological and Psychiatric Disease, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Yingke Yan
- Department of Pharmacology, The Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, Ministry of Education, The Key Laboratory of New Drug Pharmacology and Toxicology, The Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Mechanism, Diagnosis and Treatment of Neurological and Psychiatric Disease, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Yiming Dong
- Department of Pharmacology, The Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, Ministry of Education, The Key Laboratory of New Drug Pharmacology and Toxicology, The Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Mechanism, Diagnosis and Treatment of Neurological and Psychiatric Disease, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Xiangchong Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Hebei International Cooperation Center for Ion Channel Function and Innovative Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hebei Higher Education Institute Applied Technology Research Center on TCM Formula Preparation, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050091, China
| | - Xuyan Li
- College of Basic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Ruoyang Qiao
- College of Basic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Huaxing Zhang
- Core Facilities and Centers, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Nanqi Cui
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, China
| | - Yanxue Han
- Department of Pharmacology, The Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, Ministry of Education, The Key Laboratory of New Drug Pharmacology and Toxicology, The Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Mechanism, Diagnosis and Treatment of Neurological and Psychiatric Disease, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Cong Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, The Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, Ministry of Education, The Key Laboratory of New Drug Pharmacology and Toxicology, The Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Mechanism, Diagnosis and Treatment of Neurological and Psychiatric Disease, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Jiabing Han
- Department of Pharmacology, The Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, Ministry of Education, The Key Laboratory of New Drug Pharmacology and Toxicology, The Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Mechanism, Diagnosis and Treatment of Neurological and Psychiatric Disease, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Qianli Ma
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, China
| | - Demin Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China.
| | - Guoqiang Gu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, China.
| | - Chuan Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, The Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, Ministry of Education, The Key Laboratory of New Drug Pharmacology and Toxicology, The Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Mechanism, Diagnosis and Treatment of Neurological and Psychiatric Disease, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China.
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Sun X, Tang X, Qiu H. Cardiac-Specific Suppression of Valosin-Containing Protein Induces Progressive Heart Failure and Premature Mortality Correlating with Temporal Dysregulations in mTOR Complex 2 and Protein Phosphatase 1. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6445. [PMID: 38928151 PMCID: PMC11203954 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25126445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Valosin-containing protein (VCP), an ATPase-associated protein, is emerging as a crucial regulator in cardiac pathologies. However, the pivotal role of VCP in the heart under physiological conditions remains undetermined. In this study, we tested a hypothesis that sufficient VCP expression is required for cardiac development and physiological cardiac function. Thus, we generated a cardiac-specific VCP knockout (KO) mouse model and assessed the consequences of VCP suppression on the heart through physiological and molecular studies at baseline. Our results reveal that homozygous KO mice are embryonically lethal, whereas heterozygous KO mice with a reduction in VCP by ~40% in the heart are viable at birth but progressively develop heart failure and succumb to mortality at the age of 10 to 12 months. The suppression of VCP induced a selective activation of the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) but not mTORC2 at the early age of 12 weeks. The prolonged suppression of VCP increased the expression (by ~2 folds) and nuclear translocation (by >4 folds) of protein phosphatase 1 (PP1), a key mediator of protein dephosphorylation, accompanied by a remarked reduction (~80%) in AKTSer473 phosphorylation in VCP KO mouse hearts at a later age but not the early stage. These temporal molecular alterations were highly associated with the progressive decline in cardiac function. Overall, our findings shed light on the essential role of VCP in the heart under physiological conditions, providing new insights into molecular mechanisms in the development of heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaonan Sun
- Center for Molecular and Translational Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Science, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA; (X.S.); (X.T.)
| | - Xicong Tang
- Center for Molecular and Translational Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Science, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA; (X.S.); (X.T.)
- Cardiovascular Translational Research Center, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine-Phoenix, University of Arizona, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA
| | - Hongyu Qiu
- Center for Molecular and Translational Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Science, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA; (X.S.); (X.T.)
- Cardiovascular Translational Research Center, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine-Phoenix, University of Arizona, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA
- Clinical Translational Sciences (CTS) and Bio5 Institution, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
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Fu Q, Wang Y, Yan C, Xiang YK. Phosphodiesterase in heart and vessels: from physiology to diseases. Physiol Rev 2024; 104:765-834. [PMID: 37971403 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00015.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Phosphodiesterases (PDEs) are a superfamily of enzymes that hydrolyze cyclic nucleotides, including cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP). Both cyclic nucleotides are critical secondary messengers in the neurohormonal regulation in the cardiovascular system. PDEs precisely control spatiotemporal subcellular distribution of cyclic nucleotides in a cell- and tissue-specific manner, playing critical roles in physiological responses to hormone stimulation in the heart and vessels. Dysregulation of PDEs has been linked to the development of several cardiovascular diseases, such as hypertension, aneurysm, atherosclerosis, arrhythmia, and heart failure. Targeting these enzymes has been proven effective in treating cardiovascular diseases and is an attractive and promising strategy for the development of new drugs. In this review, we discuss the current understanding of the complex regulation of PDE isoforms in cardiovascular function, highlighting the divergent and even opposing roles of PDE isoforms in different pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Fu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- The Key Laboratory for Drug Target Research and Pharmacodynamic Evaluation of Hubei Province, Wuhan, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chen Yan
- Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, United States
| | - Yang K Xiang
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California at Davis, Davis, California, United States
- Department of Veterans Affairs Northern California Healthcare System, Mather, California, United States
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Cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases as therapeutic targets in cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure. Nat Rev Cardiol 2023; 20:90-108. [PMID: 36050457 DOI: 10.1038/s41569-022-00756-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases (PDEs) modulate the neurohormonal regulation of cardiac function by degrading cAMP and cGMP. In cardiomyocytes, multiple PDE isozymes with different enzymatic properties and subcellular localization regulate local pools of cyclic nucleotides and specific functions. This organization is heavily perturbed during cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure (HF), which can contribute to disease progression. Clinically, PDE inhibition has been considered a promising approach to compensate for the catecholamine desensitization that accompanies HF. Although PDE3 inhibitors, such as milrinone or enoximone, have been used clinically to improve systolic function and alleviate the symptoms of acute HF, their chronic use has proved to be detrimental. Other PDEs, such as PDE1, PDE2, PDE4, PDE5, PDE9 and PDE10, have emerged as new potential targets to treat HF, each having a unique role in local cyclic nucleotide signalling pathways. In this Review, we describe cAMP and cGMP signalling in cardiomyocytes and present the various PDE families expressed in the heart as well as their modifications in pathological cardiac hypertrophy and HF. We also appraise the evidence from preclinical models as well as clinical data pointing to the use of inhibitors or activators of specific PDEs that could have therapeutic potential in HF.
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Mulvaney EP, Renzo F, Adão R, Dupre E, Bialesova L, Salvatore V, Reid HM, Conceição G, Grynblat J, Llucià-Valldeperas A, Michel JB, Brás-Silva C, Laurent CE, Howard LS, Montani D, Humbert M, Vonk Noordegraaf A, Perros F, Mendes-Ferreira P, Kinsella BT. The thromboxane receptor antagonist NTP42 promotes beneficial adaptation and preserves cardiac function in experimental models of right heart overload. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:1063967. [PMID: 36588576 PMCID: PMC9794752 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.1063967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a progressive disease characterized by increased pulmonary artery pressure leading to right ventricular (RV) failure. While current PAH therapies improve patient outlook, they show limited benefit in attenuating RV dysfunction. Recent investigations demonstrated that the thromboxane (TX) A2 receptor (TP) antagonist NTP42 attenuates experimental PAH across key hemodynamic parameters in the lungs and heart. This study aimed to validate the efficacy of NTP42:KVA4, a novel oral formulation of NTP42 in clinical development, in preclinical models of PAH while also, critically, investigating its direct effects on RV dysfunction. Methods The effects of NTP42:KVA4 were evaluated in the monocrotaline (MCT) and pulmonary artery banding (PAB) models of PAH and RV dysfunction, respectively, and when compared with leading standard-of-care (SOC) PAH drugs. In addition, the expression of the TP, the target for NTP42, was investigated in cardiac tissue from several other related disease models, and from subjects with PAH and dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). Results In the MCT-PAH model, NTP42:KVA4 alleviated disease-induced changes in cardiopulmonary hemodynamics, pulmonary vascular remodeling, inflammation, and fibrosis, to a similar or greater extent than the PAH SOCs tested. In the PAB model, NTP42:KVA4 improved RV geometries and contractility, normalized RV stiffness, and significantly increased RV ejection fraction. In both models, NTP42:KVA4 promoted beneficial RV adaptation, decreasing cellular hypertrophy, and increasing vascularization. Notably, elevated expression of the TP target was observed both in RV tissue from these and related disease models, and in clinical RV specimens of PAH and DCM. Conclusion This study shows that, through antagonism of TP signaling, NTP42:KVA4 attenuates experimental PAH pathophysiology, not only alleviating pulmonary pathologies but also reducing RV remodeling, promoting beneficial hypertrophy, and improving cardiac function. The findings suggest a direct cardioprotective effect for NTP42:KVA4, and its potential to be a disease-modifying therapy in PAH and other cardiac conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eamon P. Mulvaney
- ATXA Therapeutics Limited, UCD Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Fabiana Renzo
- ATXA Therapeutics Limited, UCD Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Rui Adão
- Department of Surgery and Physiology, Cardiovascular R&D Centre—UnIC@RISE, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | | | - Lucia Bialesova
- ATXA Therapeutics Limited, UCD Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Viviana Salvatore
- ATXA Therapeutics Limited, UCD Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Helen M. Reid
- ATXA Therapeutics Limited, UCD Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Glória Conceição
- Department of Surgery and Physiology, Cardiovascular R&D Centre—UnIC@RISE, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Julien Grynblat
- School of Medicine, Université Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France,INSERM UMR_S 999, Pulmonary Hypertension: Pathophysiology and Novel Therapies, Hôpital Marie Lannelongue, Le Plessis-Robinson, France
| | - Aida Llucià-Valldeperas
- PHEniX Laboratory, Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Amsterdam UMC (Location VUMC), Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands,Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Pulmonary Hypertension and Thrombosis, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | | | - Carmen Brás-Silva
- Department of Surgery and Physiology, Cardiovascular R&D Centre—UnIC@RISE, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Charles E. Laurent
- IPS Therapeutique Inc., Sherbrooke, QC, Canada,ToxiPharm Laboratories Inc., Ste-Catherine-de-Hatley, QC, Canada
| | - Luke S. Howard
- Imperial College London, National Heart and Lung Institute, London, United Kingdom
| | - David Montani
- School of Medicine, Université Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France,INSERM UMR_S 999, Pulmonary Hypertension: Pathophysiology and Novel Therapies, Hôpital Marie Lannelongue, Le Plessis-Robinson, France,AP-HP, Dept of Respiratory and Intensive Care Medicine, Pulmonary Hypertension National Referral Centre, Hôpital Bicêtre, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Marc Humbert
- School of Medicine, Université Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France,INSERM UMR_S 999, Pulmonary Hypertension: Pathophysiology and Novel Therapies, Hôpital Marie Lannelongue, Le Plessis-Robinson, France,AP-HP, Dept of Respiratory and Intensive Care Medicine, Pulmonary Hypertension National Referral Centre, Hôpital Bicêtre, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Anton Vonk Noordegraaf
- PHEniX Laboratory, Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Amsterdam UMC (Location VUMC), Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Frédéric Perros
- School of Medicine, Université Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France,INSERM UMR_S 999, Pulmonary Hypertension: Pathophysiology and Novel Therapies, Hôpital Marie Lannelongue, Le Plessis-Robinson, France,Paris-Porto Pulmonary Hypertension Collaborative Laboratory (3PH), INSERM UMR_S 999, Université Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France,INSERM, INRAE, CarMeN Laboratory and Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Rhône-Alpes (CRNH-RA), Claude Bernard University Lyon 1, University of Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Pedro Mendes-Ferreira
- Department of Surgery and Physiology, Cardiovascular R&D Centre—UnIC@RISE, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal,Paris-Porto Pulmonary Hypertension Collaborative Laboratory (3PH), INSERM UMR_S 999, Université Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - B. Therese Kinsella
- ATXA Therapeutics Limited, UCD Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland,UCD School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, UCD Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland,*Correspondence: B. Therese Kinsella,
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A Large-Scale High-Throughput Screen for Modulators of SERCA Activity. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12121789. [PMID: 36551215 PMCID: PMC9776381 DOI: 10.3390/biom12121789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca-ATPase (SERCA) is a P-type ion pump that transports Ca2+ from the cytosol into the endoplasmic/sarcoplasmic reticulum (ER/SR) in most mammalian cells. It is critically important in muscle, facilitating relaxation and enabling subsequent contraction. Increasing SERCA expression or specific activity can alleviate muscle dysfunction, most notably in the heart, and we seek to develop small-molecule drug candidates that activate SERCA. Therefore, we adapted an NADH-coupled assay, measuring Ca-dependent ATPase activity of SERCA, to high-throughput screening (HTS) format, and screened a 46,000-compound library of diverse chemical scaffolds. This HTS platform yielded numerous hits that reproducibly alter SERCA Ca-ATPase activity, with few false positives. The top 19 activating hits were further tested for effects on both Ca-ATPase and Ca2+ transport, in both cardiac and skeletal SR. Nearly all hits increased Ca2+ uptake in both cardiac and skeletal SR, with some showing isoform specificity. Furthermore, dual analysis of both activities identified compounds with a range of effects on Ca2+-uptake and ATPase, which fit into distinct classifications. Further study will be needed to identify which classifications are best suited for therapeutic use. These results reinforce the need for robust secondary assays and criteria for selection of lead compounds, before undergoing HTS on a larger scale.
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The Oxidative Balance Orchestrates the Main Keystones of the Functional Activity of Cardiomyocytes. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:7714542. [PMID: 35047109 PMCID: PMC8763515 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7714542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
This review is aimed at providing an overview of the key hallmarks of cardiomyocytes in physiological and pathological conditions. The main feature of cardiac tissue is the force generation through contraction. This process requires a conspicuous energy demand and therefore an active metabolism. The cardiac tissue is rich of mitochondria, the powerhouses in cells. These organelles, producing ATP, are also the main sources of ROS whose altered handling can cause their accumulation and therefore triggers detrimental effects on mitochondria themselves and other cell components thus leading to apoptosis and cardiac diseases. This review highlights the metabolic aspects of cardiomyocytes and wanders through the main systems of these cells: (a) the unique structural organization (such as different protein complexes represented by contractile, regulatory, and structural proteins); (b) the homeostasis of intracellular Ca2+ that represents a crucial ion for cardiac functions and E-C coupling; and (c) the balance of Zn2+, an ion with a crucial impact on the cardiovascular system. Although each system seems to be independent and finely controlled, the contractile proteins, intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis, and intracellular Zn2+ signals are strongly linked to each other by the intracellular ROS management in a fascinating way to form a "functional tetrad" which ensures the proper functioning of the myocardium. Nevertheless, if ROS balance is not properly handled, one or more of these components could be altered resulting in deleterious effects leading to an unbalance of this "tetrad" and promoting cardiovascular diseases. In conclusion, this "functional tetrad" is proposed as a complex network that communicates continuously in the cardiomyocytes and can drive the switch from physiological to pathological conditions in the heart.
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Val‐Blasco A, Gil‐Fernández M, Rueda A, Pereira L, Delgado C, Smani T, Ruiz Hurtado G, Fernández‐Velasco M. Ca 2+ mishandling in heart failure: Potential targets. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2021; 232:e13691. [PMID: 34022101 DOI: 10.1111/apha.13691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Ca2+ mishandling is a common feature in several cardiovascular diseases such as heart failure (HF). In many cases, impairment of key players in intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis has been identified as the underlying mechanism of cardiac dysfunction and cardiac arrhythmias associated with HF. In this review, we summarize primary novel findings related to Ca2+ mishandling in HF progression. HF research has increasingly focused on the identification of new targets and the contribution of their role in Ca2+ handling to the progression of the disease. Recent research studies have identified potential targets in three major emerging areas implicated in regulation of Ca2+ handling: the innate immune system, bone metabolism factors and post-translational modification of key proteins involved in regulation of Ca2+ handling. Here, we describe their possible contributions to the progression of HF.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Angélica Rueda
- Department of Biochemistry Center for Research and Advanced Studies of the National Polytechnic Institute (CINVESTAV‐IPN) México City Mexico
| | - Laetitia Pereira
- INSERM UMR‐S 1180 Laboratory of Ca Signaling and Cardiovascular Physiopathology University Paris‐Saclay Châtenay‐Malabry France
| | - Carmen Delgado
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols Madrid Spain
- Department of Metabolism and Cell Signalling Biomedical Research Institute "Alberto Sols" CSIC‐UAM Madrid Spain
| | - Tarik Smani
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV) Madrid Spain
- Department of Medical Physiology and Biophysics University of Seville Seville Spain
- Group of Cardiovascular Pathophysiology Institute of Biomedicine of Seville University Hospital of Virgen del Rocío, University of Seville, CSIC Seville Spain
| | - Gema Ruiz Hurtado
- Cardiorenal Translational Laboratory Institute of Research i+12 University Hospital 12 de Octubre Madrid Spain
- CIBER‐CV University Hospita1 12 de Octubre Madrid Spain
| | - Maria Fernández‐Velasco
- La Paz University Hospital Health Research Institute IdiPAZ Madrid Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV) Madrid Spain
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Arnold ME, Dostmann WR, Martin J, Previs MJ, Palmer B, LeWinter M, Meyer M. SERCA2a-phospholamban interaction monitored by an interposed circularly permutated green fluorescent protein. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2021; 320:H2188-H2200. [PMID: 33861144 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00858.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The interaction of phospholamban (PLB) and the sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA2a) is a key regulator of cardiac contractility and a therapeutic target in heart failure (HF). PLB-mediated increases in SERCA2a activity improve cardiac function and HF. Clinically, this mechanism can only be exploited by a general activation of the proteinkinase A (PKA), which is associated with side effects and adverse clinical outcomes. A selective interference of the PLB-SERCA2a interaction is desirable but will require novel tools that allow for an integrated assessment of this interaction under both physiological and pathophysiological conditions. A circularly permutated green fluorescent protein (cpGFP) was interposed between SERCA2a and PLB to result into a single SERCA2a-cpGFP-PLB recombinant protein (SGP). Expression, phosphorylation, fluorescence, and function of SGP were evaluated. Expression of SGP-cDNA results in a functional recombinant protein at the predicted molecular weight. The PLB domain of SGP retains its ability to polymerize and can be phosphorylated by PKA activation. This increases the fluorescent yield of SGP by between 10% and 165% depending on cell line and conditions. In conclusion, a single recombinant fusion protein that combines SERCA2a, a circularly permutated green fluorescent protein, and PLB can be expressed in cells and can be phosphorylated at the PLB domain that markedly increases the fluorescence yield. SGP is a novel cellular SERCA2a-PLB interaction monitor.NEW & NOTEWORTHY This study describes the design and characterization of a novel biosensor that can visualize the interaction of SERCA2a and phospholamban (PLB). The biosensor combines SERCA2a, a circularly permutated green fluorescent protein, and PLB into one recombinant protein (SGP). Proteinkinase A activation results in phosphorylation of the PLB domain and is associated with a marked increase in the fluorescence yield to allow for real-time monitoring of the SERCA2a and PLB interaction in cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maren E Arnold
- Department of Medicine and Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, University of Vermont Larner College of Medicine, Burlington, Vermont.,Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology und Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang R Dostmann
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Vermont Larner College of Medicine, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Jody Martin
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, Davis, California
| | - Michael J Previs
- Department of Medicine and Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, University of Vermont Larner College of Medicine, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Bradley Palmer
- Department of Medicine and Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, University of Vermont Larner College of Medicine, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Martin LeWinter
- Department of Medicine and Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, University of Vermont Larner College of Medicine, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Markus Meyer
- Department of Medicine, Lillehei Heart Institute, University of Minnesota College of Medicine, Minneapolis, Minnesota
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11
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Post-weaning protein malnutrition induces myocardial dysfunction associated with oxidative stress and altered calcium handling proteins in adult rats. J Physiol Biochem 2021; 77:261-272. [PMID: 33555533 DOI: 10.1007/s13105-021-00792-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Hypercaloric low-protein diet may lead to a state of malnutrition found in the low-income population of Northeastern Brazil. Although malnutrition during critical periods in the early life is associated with cardiovascular diseases in adulthood, the mechanisms of cardiac dysfunction are still unclear. Here we studied the effects of post-weaning malnutrition due to low protein intake induced by a regional basic diet on the cardiac contractility of young adult rats. In vivo arterial hemodynamic and in vitro myocardial contractility were evaluated in 3-month-old rats. Additionally, protein content of the sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+)-ATPase (SERCA), total phospholamban (PLB) and phosphorylated at serine 16 (p-Ser(16)-PLB), α2-subunit of the Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase (α2-NKA), and Na(+)/Ca(2+) exchanger (NXC) and in situ production of superoxide anion (O2(-)) were measured in the heart. Blood pressure and heart rate increased in the post-weaning malnourished (PWM) rats. Moreover, malnutrition decreased twitch force and inotropic responses of the isolated cardiac muscle. Protein expression of SERCA, PLB/SERCA, and p-Ser(16)-PLB/PLB ratios and α2-NKA were decreased without changing NCX. The contraction dependent on transsarcolemmal calcium influx was unchanged but responsiveness to Ca(2+) and tetanic peak contractions were impaired in the PWM group. Myocardial O2(-) production was significantly increased by PWM. Our data demonstrated that this hypercaloric low-protein diet in rats is associated with myocardial dysfunction, altered expression of major calcium handling proteins, and increased local oxidative stress. These findings reinforce the attention needed for pediatric care, since chronic malnutrition in early life is related to increased cardiovascular risk in adulthood. Graphical Abstract.
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12
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Ge Z, Li A, McNamara J, Dos Remedios C, Lal S. Pathogenesis and pathophysiology of heart failure with reduced ejection fraction: translation to human studies. Heart Fail Rev 2020; 24:743-758. [PMID: 31209771 DOI: 10.1007/s10741-019-09806-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Heart failure represents the end result of different pathophysiologic processes, which culminate in functional impairment. Regardless of its aetiology, the presentation of heart failure usually involves symptoms of pump failure and congestion, which forms the basis for clinical diagnosis. Pathophysiologic descriptions of heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) are being established. Most commonly, HFrEF is centred on a reactive model where a significant initial insult leads to reduced cardiac output, further triggering a cascade of maladaptive processes. Predisposing factors include myocardial injury of any cause, chronically abnormal loading due to hypertension, valvular disease, or tachyarrhythmias. The pathophysiologic processes behind remodelling in heart failure are complex and reflect systemic neurohormonal activation, peripheral vascular effects and localised changes affecting the cardiac substrate. These abnormalities have been the subject of intense research. Much of the translational successes in HFrEF have come from targeting neurohormonal responses to reduced cardiac output, with blockade of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) and beta-adrenergic blockade being particularly fruitful. However, mortality and morbidity associated with heart failure remains high. Although systemic neurohormonal blockade slows disease progression, localised ventricular remodelling still adversely affects contractile function. Novel therapy targeted at improving cardiac contractile mechanics in HFrEF hold the promise of alleviating heart failure at its source, yet so far none has found success. Nevertheless, there are increasing calls for a proximal, 'cardiocentric' approach to therapy. In this review, we examine HFrEF therapy aimed at improving cardiac function with a focus on recent trials and emerging targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijun Ge
- Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia
- Bosch Institute, School of Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia
| | - Amy Li
- Bosch Institute, School of Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia
- Department of Pharmacy and Biomedical Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - James McNamara
- Bosch Institute, School of Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia
| | - Cris Dos Remedios
- Bosch Institute, School of Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia
| | - Sean Lal
- Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia.
- Bosch Institute, School of Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia.
- Department of Cardiology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, Australia.
- Cardiac Research Laboratory, Discipline of Anatomy and Histology, University of Sydney, Anderson Stuart Building (F13), Camperdown, NSW, 2006, Australia.
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13
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Picollo CT, Santos AAD, Antonio EL, Silva JMA, Bocalini D, Serra AJ, Ihara SSM, Tucci PJF. Digitoxin Attenuates Heart Failure, Reduces Myocardial Hypertrophy, and Preserves the Calcium-Binding Proteins in Infarcted Rats. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol Ther 2019; 25:265-272. [PMID: 31714152 DOI: 10.1177/1074248419887708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
We previously showed that digitoxin prolongs the survival of rats with heart failure due to myocardial infarction (MI). In this study, we evaluated the effect of digitoxin on myocardial structure, ventricular function, and proteins involved in calcium kinetics. Seventy-two rats with MI >35% of the left ventricle were randomly assigned to 4 treatment groups: sham (n = 15), digitoxin (n = 11), infarction (n = 20), and infarction + digitoxin (n = 26). The rats were assessed 120 days after surgery by echocardiogram, hemodynamics, papillary muscle mechanics, collagen content, cardiomyocyte nuclear volume, and Western blot analysis of proteins involved in calcium kinetics. Digitoxin was administered via the rat chow. Two-way analysis of variance was used for comparisons. Myocardial infarction caused inotropic impairment, pulmonary congestion, increase of nuclear volume, myocardial collagen, and Na+/Ca2+ exchanger levels, and decreased SERCA2 and phosphorylated phospholamban levels. Treatment with digitoxin showed improvements in cardiac remodeling, inotropism, ventricular performance, pulmonary congestion, collagen accumulation, nuclear volume, and proteins involved in calcium kinetics. In rats with heart failure due to MI, long-term treatment with digitoxin attenuates congestive heart failure, mitigates myocardial remodeling and contractile impairment, and preserves myocardial levels of proteins involved in calcium kinetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila T Picollo
- Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alexandra A Dos Santos
- Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ednei L Antonio
- Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jairo M A Silva
- Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Andrey Jorge Serra
- Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Silvia S M Ihara
- Department of Pathology, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Paulo J F Tucci
- Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
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14
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Fischer TH, Eiringhaus J, Dybkova N, Saadatmand A, Pabel S, Weber S, Wang Y, Köhn M, Tirilomis T, Ljubojevic S, Renner A, Gummert J, Maier LS, Hasenfuß G, El-Armouche A, Sossalla S. Activation of protein phosphatase 1 by a selective phosphatase disrupting peptide reduces sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca 2+ leak in human heart failure. Eur J Heart Fail 2018; 20:1673-1685. [PMID: 30191648 DOI: 10.1002/ejhf.1297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Revised: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 07/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Disruption of Ca2+ homeostasis is a key pathomechanism in heart failure. CaMKII-dependent hyperphosphorylation of ryanodine receptors in the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) increases the arrhythmogenic SR Ca2+ leak and depletes SR Ca2+ stores. The contribution of conversely acting serine/threonine phosphatases [protein phosphatase 1 (PP1) and 2A (PP2A)] is largely unknown. METHODS AND RESULTS Human myocardium from three groups of patients was investigated: (i) healthy controls (non-failing, NF, n = 8), (ii) compensated hypertrophy (Hy, n = 16), and (iii) end-stage heart failure (HF, n = 52). Expression of PP1 was unchanged in Hy but greater in HF compared to NF while its endogenous inhibitor-1 (I-1) was markedly lower expressed in both compared to NF, suggesting increased total PP1 activity. In contrast, PP2A expression was lower in Hy and HF compared to NF. Ca2+ homeostasis was severely disturbed in HF compared to Hy signified by a higher SR Ca2+ leak, lower systolic Ca2+ transients as well as a decreased SR Ca2+ load. Inhibition of PP1/PP2A by okadaic acid increased SR Ca2+ load and systolic Ca2+ transients but severely aggravated diastolic SR Ca2+ leak and cellular arrhythmias in Hy. Conversely, selective activation of PP1 by a PP1-disrupting peptide (PDP3) in HF potently reduced SR Ca2+ leak as well as cellular arrhythmias and, importantly, did not compromise systolic Ca2+ release and SR Ca2+ load. CONCLUSION This study is the first to functionally investigate the role of PP1/PP2A for Ca2+ homeostasis in diseased human myocardium. Our data indicate that a modulation of phosphatase activity potently impacts Ca2+ cycling properties. An activation of PP1 counteracts increased kinase activity in heart failure and successfully seals the arrhythmogenic SR Ca2+ leak. It may thus represent a promising future antiarrhythmic therapeutic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas H Fischer
- Klinik für Kardiologie und Pneumologie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Germany.,Medizinische Klinik II, Kardiologie, Angiologie, Pneumologie, Klinikum Coburg, Germany.,Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauf Forschung (DZHK), Standort Göttingen, Germany
| | - Jörg Eiringhaus
- Klinik für Kardiologie und Pneumologie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Germany.,Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauf Forschung (DZHK), Standort Göttingen, Germany
| | - Nataliya Dybkova
- Klinik für Kardiologie und Pneumologie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Germany.,Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauf Forschung (DZHK), Standort Göttingen, Germany
| | - Alireza Saadatmand
- Abt. Molekulare Kardiologie und Epigenetik, Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Steffen Pabel
- Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauf Forschung (DZHK), Standort Göttingen, Germany.,Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin II, Universitätsklinikum Regensburg, Germany
| | - Silvio Weber
- Institut für Pharmakologie, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany
| | - Yansong Wang
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Genome Biology Unit, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Maja Köhn
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Genome Biology Unit, Heidelberg, Germany.,Centre for Biological Signalling Studies (BIOSS) and Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - Theodor Tirilomis
- Klinik für Thorax-, Herz-, Gefäßchirurgie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Germany
| | - Senka Ljubojevic
- Abteilung für Kardiologie, Medizinische Universität Graz, Austria
| | - André Renner
- Abteilung für Herz- und Transplantationschirurgie, Herz- und Diabeteszentrum, Bad Oeynhausen, Germany
| | - Jan Gummert
- Abteilung für Herz- und Transplantationschirurgie, Herz- und Diabeteszentrum, Bad Oeynhausen, Germany
| | - Lars S Maier
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin II, Universitätsklinikum Regensburg, Germany
| | - Gerd Hasenfuß
- Klinik für Kardiologie und Pneumologie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Germany.,Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauf Forschung (DZHK), Standort Göttingen, Germany
| | - Ali El-Armouche
- Institut für Pharmakologie, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany
| | - Samuel Sossalla
- Klinik für Kardiologie und Pneumologie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Germany.,Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauf Forschung (DZHK), Standort Göttingen, Germany.,Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin II, Universitätsklinikum Regensburg, Germany
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15
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Fernández-de Gortari E, Espinoza-Fonseca LM. Structural basis for relief of phospholamban-mediated inhibition of the sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca 2+-ATPase at saturating Ca 2+ conditions. J Biol Chem 2018; 293:12405-12414. [PMID: 29934304 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.003752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Revised: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA) is critical for cardiac Ca2+ transport. Reversal of phospholamban (PLB)-mediated SERCA inhibition by saturating Ca2+ conditions operates as a physiological rheostat to reactivate SERCA function in the absence of PLB phosphorylation. Here, we performed extensive atomistic molecular dynamics simulations to probe the structural mechanism of this process. Simulation of the inhibitory complex at superphysiological Ca2+ concentrations ([Ca2+] = 10 mm) revealed that Ca2+ ions interact primarily with SERCA and the lipid headgroups, but not with PLB's cytosolic domain or the cytosolic side of the SERCA-PLB interface. At this [Ca2+], a single Ca2+ ion was translocated from the cytosol to the transmembrane transport sites. We used this Ca2+-bound complex as an initial structure to simulate the effects of saturating Ca2+ at physiological conditions ([Ca2+]total ≈ 400 μm). At these conditions, ∼30% of the Ca2+-bound complexes exhibited structural features consistent with an inhibited state. However, in ∼70% of the Ca2+-bound complexes, Ca2+ moved to transport site I, recruited Glu771 and Asp800, and disrupted key inhibitory contacts involving the conserved PLB residue Asn34 Structural analysis showed that Ca2+ induces only local changes in interresidue inhibitory interactions, but does not induce repositioning or changes in PLB structural dynamics. Upon relief of SERCA inhibition, Ca2+ binding produced a site I configuration sufficient for subsequent SERCA activation. We propose that at saturating [Ca2+] and in the absence of PLB phosphorylation, binding of a single Ca2+ ion in the transport sites rapidly shifts the equilibrium toward a noninhibited SERCA-PLB complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eli Fernández-de Gortari
- From the Center for Arrhythmia Research, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109
| | - L Michel Espinoza-Fonseca
- From the Center for Arrhythmia Research, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109
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16
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Fang HY, Hung MY, Lin YM, Pandey S, Chang CC, Lin KH, Shen CY, Viswanadha VP, Kuo WW, Huang CY. 17β-Estradiol and/or estrogen receptor alpha signaling blocks protein phosphatase 1 mediated ISO induced cardiac hypertrophy. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0196569. [PMID: 29723269 PMCID: PMC5933784 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0196569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Earlier studies have shown that estrogen possess protective function against the development of pathological cardiac hypertrophy. However, the molecular mechanisms of estrogens (E2) protective effect are poorly understood. Additionally, abnormal activation of β-adrenergic signaling have been implicated in the development of pathological cardiac remodeling. However, the role of serine/threonine protein phosphatase 1 (PP1) in pathological cardiac remodeling under the influence of β-adrenergic signaling have been sparsely investigated. In this study, we assessed the downstream effects of abnormal activation of PP1 upon isoproterenol (ISO) induced pathological cardiac changes. We found that pre-treatment of 17β-estradiol (E2), tet-on estrogen receptor-α, or both significantly inhibited ISO-induced increase in cell size, hypertrophy marker gene expression and cytosolic calcium accumulation in H9c2 cells. Additionally, treatment with estrogen receptor inhibitor (ICI) reversed those effects, implicating role of E2 in inhibiting pathological cardiac remodeling. However, specific inhibition of ERα using melatonin, reduced ISO-induced PP1c expression and enhanced the level of ser-16 phosphorylated phospholamban (PLB), responsible for regulation of sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA) activity. Furthermore, hypertrophic effect caused by overexpression of PP1cα was reduced by treatment with specific inhibitor of ERα. Collectively, we found that estrogen and estrogen receptor-α have protective effect against pathological cardiac changes by suppressing PP1 expression and its downstream signaling pathway, which further needs to be elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Yuan Fang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Yu Hung
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yueh-Min Lin
- Department of Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Technology, Jen-Teh Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Sudhir Pandey
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Chien Chang
- Department of Dermatology, Taipei City Hospital, Renai Branch, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Ho Lin
- Department of Emergency Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yao Shen
- Department of Nursing, Meiho University, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | | | - Wei-Wen Kuo
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yang Huang
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Chinese Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
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17
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Dong J, Gao C, Liu J, Cao Y, Tian L. TSH inhibits SERCA2a and the PKA/PLN pathway in rat cardiomyocytes. Oncotarget 2018; 7:39207-39215. [PMID: 27206677 PMCID: PMC5129926 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2015] [Accepted: 04/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Elevated thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels often accompany impaired LV diastolic function and subtle systolic dysfunction in subclinical hypothyroidism (sHT). These cardiac dysfunctions are characterized by increases in mean aortic acceleration and pre-ejection/ejection time ratios. To explore the mechanism underlying these pathologies, we investigated the effects of TSH on sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase (SERCA2a) activity and expression in neonatal rat cardiomyocytes. TSH inhibited SERCA2a activity and expression by binding to TSH receptors in cardiomyocyte membranes and inhibiting the protein kinase A/phoshpolamban (PKA/PLN) signaling pathway. These results suggest that increases in serum TSH levels contribute to the development of cardiac diastolic and systolic dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajia Dong
- Department of Endocrinology, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Cuixia Gao
- Department of Ultrasonic Diagnosis, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Yunshan Cao
- Department of Cardiology, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Limin Tian
- Department of Endocrinology, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
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18
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Ribeiro Júnior RF, Ronconi KS, Jesus ICG, Almeida PWM, Forechi L, Vassallo DV, Guatimosim S, Stefanon I, Fernandes AA. Testosterone deficiency prevents left ventricular contractility dysfunction after myocardial infarction. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2018; 460:14-23. [PMID: 28606867 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2017.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2016] [Revised: 05/17/2017] [Accepted: 06/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Testosterone may affect myocardial contractility since its deficiency decreases the contraction and relaxation of the heart. Meanwhile, testosterone replacement therapy has raised concerns because it may worsen cardiac dysfunction and remodeling after myocardial infarction (MI). In this study, we evaluate cardiac contractility 60 days after MI in rats with suppressed testosterone. Male Wistar rats underwent bilateral orchidectomy one week before the ligation of the anterior descending left coronary artery. The animals were divided into orchidectomized (OCT); MI; orchidectomized + MI (OCT + MI); orchidectomized + MI + testosterone (OCT + MI + T) and control (Sham) groups. Eight weeks after MI, papillary muscle contractility was analyzed under increasing calcium (0.62, 1.25, 2.5 and 3.75 mM) and isoproterenol (10-8 to 10-2 M) concentrations. Ventricular myocytes were isolated for intracellular calcium measurements and assessment of Ca2+ handling proteins. Contractility was preserved in the orchidectomized animals after myocardial infarction and was reduced when testosterone was replaced (Ca2+ 3.75 mM: Sham: 608 ± 70 (n = 11); OCT: 590 ± 37 (n = 16); MI: 311 ± 33* (n = 9); OCT + MI: 594 ± 76 (n = 7); OCT + MI + T: 433 ± 38* (n=4), g/g *p < 0.05 vs Sham). Orchidectomy also increased the Ca2+ transient amplitude of the ventricular myocytes and SERCA-2a protein expression levels. PLB phosphorylation levels at Thr17 were not different in the orchidectomized animals compared to the Sham animals but were reduced after testosterone replacement. CAMKII phosphorylation and protein nitrosylation increased in the orchidectomized animals. Our results support the view that testosterone deficiency prevents MI contractility dysfunction by altering the key proteins involved in Ca2+ handling.
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Affiliation(s)
- R F Ribeiro Júnior
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES, Brazil.
| | - K S Ronconi
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - I C G Jesus
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Minas Gerais, MG, Brazil
| | - P W M Almeida
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Minas Gerais, MG, Brazil
| | - L Forechi
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - D V Vassallo
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - S Guatimosim
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Minas Gerais, MG, Brazil
| | - I Stefanon
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - A A Fernandes
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES, Brazil
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19
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Sikkel MB, Francis DP, Howard J, Gordon F, Rowlands C, Peters NS, Lyon AR, Harding SE, MacLeod KT. Hierarchical statistical techniques are necessary to draw reliable conclusions from analysis of isolated cardiomyocyte studies. Cardiovasc Res 2017; 113:1743-1752. [PMID: 29016722 PMCID: PMC5852514 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvx151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2017] [Revised: 06/27/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS It is generally accepted that post-MI heart failure (HF) changes a variety of aspects of sarcoplasmic reticular Ca2+ fluxes but for some aspects there is disagreement over whether there is an increase or decrease. The commonest statistical approach is to treat data collected from each cell as independent, even though they are really clustered with multiple likely similar cells from each heart. In this study, we test whether this statistical assumption of independence can lead the investigator to draw conclusions that would be considered erroneous if the analysis handled clustering with specific statistical techniques (hierarchical tests). METHODS AND RESULTS Ca2+ transients were recorded in cells loaded with Fura-2AM and sparks were recorded in cells loaded with Fluo-4AM. Data were analysed twice, once with the common statistical approach (assumption of independence) and once with hierarchical statistical methodologies designed to allow for any clustering. The statistical tests found that there was significant hierarchical clustering. This caused the common statistical approach to underestimate the standard error and report artificially small P values. For example, this would have led to the erroneous conclusion that time to 50% peak transient amplitude was significantly prolonged in HF. Spark analysis showed clustering, both within each cell and also within each rat, for morphological variables. This means that a three-level hierarchical model is sometimes required for such measures. Standard statistical methodologies, if used instead, erroneously suggest that spark amplitude is significantly greater in HF and spark duration is reduced in HF. CONCLUSION Ca2+ fluxes in isolated cardiomyocytes show so much clustering that the common statistical approach that assumes independence of each data point will frequently give the false appearance of statistically significant changes. Hierarchical statistical methodologies need a little more effort, but are necessary for reliable conclusions. We present cost-free simple tools for performing these analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus B Sikkel
- Myocardial Function Section, Fourth Floor, Imperial Centre for Translational and Experimental Medicine, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, Du Cane Road, London, UK
- Department of Electrophysiology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK
| | - Darrel P Francis
- Myocardial Function Section, Fourth Floor, Imperial Centre for Translational and Experimental Medicine, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, Du Cane Road, London, UK
| | - James Howard
- Myocardial Function Section, Fourth Floor, Imperial Centre for Translational and Experimental Medicine, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, Du Cane Road, London, UK
| | - Fabiana Gordon
- Statistics Advisory Service, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Christina Rowlands
- Myocardial Function Section, Fourth Floor, Imperial Centre for Translational and Experimental Medicine, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, Du Cane Road, London, UK
| | - Nicholas S Peters
- Myocardial Function Section, Fourth Floor, Imperial Centre for Translational and Experimental Medicine, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, Du Cane Road, London, UK
- Department of Electrophysiology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK
| | - Alexander R Lyon
- Myocardial Function Section, Fourth Floor, Imperial Centre for Translational and Experimental Medicine, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, Du Cane Road, London, UK
- Department of Cardiology, Royal Brompton Hospital, London, UK
| | - Sian E Harding
- Myocardial Function Section, Fourth Floor, Imperial Centre for Translational and Experimental Medicine, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, Du Cane Road, London, UK
| | - Kenneth T MacLeod
- Myocardial Function Section, Fourth Floor, Imperial Centre for Translational and Experimental Medicine, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, Du Cane Road, London, UK
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20
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Tsai CY, Kuo WW, Shibu MA, Lin YM, Liu CN, Chen YH, Day CH, Shen CY, Viswanadha VP, Huang CY. E2/ER β inhibit ISO-induced cardiac cellular hypertrophy by suppressing Ca2+-calcineurin signaling. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0184153. [PMID: 28863192 PMCID: PMC5580914 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0184153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2017] [Accepted: 08/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular incidences are markedly higher in men than in pre-menstrual women. However, this advantage in women declines with aging and therefore can be correlated with the sex hormone 17β-Estradiol (E2) which is reported to protect heart cells by acting though estrogen receptors (ERs). In this study we have determined the effect of E2/ERβ against ISO induced cellular hypertrophy in H9c2 cardiomyoblast cells. The results confirm that ISO induced cardiac-hypertrophy by elevating the levels of hypertrophy associated proteins, ANP and BNP and further by upregulating p-CaMKII, calcineurin, p-GATA4 and NFATc3 which was correlated with a significant enlargement of the H9c2 cardiomyoblast. However, overexpression of ERβ and/or administration of E2 inhibited ISO-induced hypertrophy in H9c2 cells. In addition, E2/ERβ also inhibited ISO-induced NFATc3 translocation, and reduced the protein level of downstream marker, BNP. Furthermore, by testing with the calcineurin inhibitor (CsA), it was confirmed that calcineurin acted as a key mediator for the anti-hypertrophic effect of E2/ERβ. In cells treated with calcium blocker (BATPA), the inhibitory effect of E2/ERβ on ISO-induced Ca2+ influx and hypertrophic effects were totally blocked suggesting that E2/ERβ inhibited calcineurin activity to activate I-1 protein and suppress PP1, then induce PLB protein phosphorylation and activation, resulting in Ca2+ reuptake into sarcoplasmic reticulum through SR Ca2+ cycling modification. In conclusion, E2/ERβ suppresses the Ca2+ influx and calcineurin activity induced by ISO to enhance the PLB protein activity and SR Ca2+ cycling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Yen Tsai
- Department of Pediatrics, China Medical University Beigang Hospital, Yunlin, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, College of Biopharmaceutical and Food Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Wei-Wen Kuo
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, College of Biopharmaceutical and Food Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
| | | | - Yueh-Min Lin
- Department of Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Nam Liu
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hui Chen
- Department of M-Commerce and Multimedia Applications, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | | | - Chia-Yao Shen
- Department of Nursing, Meiho University, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | | | - Chih-Yang Huang
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Chinese Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
- * E-mail:
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21
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Wang PX, Li ZM, Cai SD, Li JY, He P, Huang Y, Feng GS, Luo HB, Chen SR, Liu PQ. C33(S), a novel PDE9A inhibitor, protects against rat cardiac hypertrophy through upregulating cGMP signaling. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2017. [PMID: 28649129 DOI: 10.1038/aps.2017.38] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphodiesterase-9A (PDE9A) expression is upregulated during cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure. Accumulating evidence suggests that PDE9A might be a promising therapeutic target for heart diseases. The present study sought to investigate the effects and underlying mechanisms of C33(S), a novel selective PDE9A inhibitor, on cardiac hypertrophy in vitro and in vivo. Treatment of neonatal rat cardiomyocytes (NRCMs) with PE (100 μmol/L) or ISO (1 μmol/L) induced cardiac hypertrophy characterized by significantly increased cell surface areas and increased expression of fetal genes (ANF and BNP). Furthermore, PE or ISO significantly increased the expression of PDE9A in the cells; whereas knockdown of PDE9A significantly alleviated PE-induced hypertrophic responses. Moreover, pretreatment with PDE9A inhibitor C33(S) (50 and 500 nmol/L) or PF-7943 (2 μmol/L) also alleviated the cardiac hypertrophic responses in PE-treated NRCMs. Abdominal aortic constriction (AAC)-induced cardiac hypertrophy and ISO-induced heart failure were established in SD rats. In ISO-treated rats, oral administration of C33(S) (9, 3, and 1 mg·kg-1·d-1, for 3 consecutive weeks) significantly increased fractional shortening (43.55%±3.98%, 54.79%±1.95%, 43.98%±7.96% vs 32.18%±6.28%), ejection fraction (72.97%±4.64%, 84.29%±1.56%, 73.41%±9.37% vs 49.17%±4.20%) and cardiac output (60.01±9.11, 69.40±11.63, 58.08±8.47 mL/min vs 48.97±2.11 mL/min) but decreased the left ventricular internal diameter, suggesting that the transition to heart failure was postponed by C33(S). We further revealed that C33(S) significantly elevated intracellular cGMP levels, phosphorylation of phospholamban (PLB) and expression of SERCA2a in PE-treated NRCMs in vitro and in ISO-induced heart failure model in vivo. Our results demonstrate that C33(S) effectively protects against cardiac hypertrophy and postpones the transition to heart failure, suggesting that it is a promising agent in the treatment of cardiac diseases.
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22
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Chaanine AH, Sreekumaran Nair K, Bergen RH, Klaus K, Guenzel AJ, Hajjar RJ, Redfield MM. Mitochondrial Integrity and Function in the Progression of Early Pressure Overload-Induced Left Ventricular Remodeling. J Am Heart Assoc 2017; 6:JAHA.117.005869. [PMID: 28619984 PMCID: PMC5669187 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.117.005869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Following pressure overload, compensatory concentric left ventricular remodeling (CR) variably transitions to eccentric remodeling (ER) and systolic dysfunction. Mechanisms responsible for this transition are incompletely understood. Here we leverage phenotypic variability in pressure overload-induced cardiac remodeling to test the hypothesis that altered mitochondrial homeostasis and calcium handling occur early in the transition from CR to ER, before overt systolic dysfunction. METHODS AND RESULTS Sprague Dawley rats were subjected to ascending aortic banding, (n=68) or sham procedure (n=5). At 3 weeks post-ascending aortic banding, all rats showed CR (left ventricular volumes < sham). At 8 weeks post-ascending aortic banding, ejection fraction was increased or preserved but 3 geometric phenotypes were evident despite similar pressure overload severity: persistent CR, mild ER, and moderate ER with left ventricular volumes lower than, similar to, and higher than sham, respectively. Relative to sham, CR and mild ER phenotypes displayed increased phospholamban, S16 phosphorylation, reduced sodium-calcium exchanger expression, and increased mitochondrial biogenesis/content and normal oxidative capacity, whereas moderate ER phenotype displayed decreased p-phospholamban, S16, increased sodium-calcium exchanger expression, similar degree of mitochondrial biogenesis/content, and impaired oxidative capacity with unique activation of mitochondrial autophagy and apoptosis markers (BNIP3 and Bax/Bcl-2). CONCLUSIONS After pressure overload, mitochondrial biogenesis and function and calcium handling are enhanced in compensatory CR. The transition to mild ER is associated with decrease in mitochondrial biogenesis and content; however, the progression to moderate ER is associated with enhanced mitochondrial autophagy/apoptosis and impaired mitochondrial function and calcium handling, which precede the onset of overt systolic dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Robert H Bergen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | | | - Adam J Guenzel
- Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Roger J Hajjar
- Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mount Sinai Icahn School of Medicine, New York, NY
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23
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Jang SP, Oh JG, Kang DH, Kang JY, Kang SW, Hajjar RJ, Park WJ. A Decoy Peptide Targeted to Protein Phosphatase 1 Attenuates Degradation of SERCA2a in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0165569. [PMID: 27792751 PMCID: PMC5085086 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0165569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2016] [Accepted: 10/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Neointimal growth in the injured vasculature is largely facilitated by the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC), which associates with reduced sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA2a) activity. The gene transfer-mediated restoration of the SERCA2a level thus attenuates neointimal growth and VSMC proliferation. We previously reported that a peptide targeted to protein phosphatase 1, ψPLB-SE, normalizes SERCA2a activity in cardiomyocytes. In this study, we found that ψPLB-SE attenuated neointimal growth in balloon-injured rat carotid arteries, and the proliferation and migration of VSMC cultured in high-serum media (synthetic conditions). In parallel, ψPLB-SE inhibited the degradation of SERCA2a in the injured carotid arteries and VSMC under synthetic conditions. The calpain inhibitor MDL28170 also attenuated SERCA2a degradation and VSMC proliferation under synthetic conditions, indicating that calpain degrades SERCA2a. The Ca2+ ionophore A23187 induced SERCA2a degradation in VSMC, which was blocked by either ψPLB-SE or MDL28170. Additionally, ψPLB-SE normalized the cytosolic Ca2+ level in VSMC that was increased by either A23187 or synthetic stimulation. Collectively, these data indicate that ψPLB-SE corrects the abnormal Ca2+ handling by activating SERCA2a, which further protects SERCA2a from calpain-dependent degradation in VSMC. We conclude that ψPLB-SE may form the basis of a therapeutic strategy for vascular proliferative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Pil Jang
- College of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Jae Gyun Oh
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, United States of America
| | - Dong Hoon Kang
- Department of Life Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ju Young Kang
- College of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Sang Won Kang
- Department of Life Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Roger J. Hajjar
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, United States of America
| | - Woo Jin Park
- College of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Korea
- * E-mail:
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24
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Li L, Hou X, Xu R, Liu C, Tu M. Research review on the pharmacological effects of astragaloside IV. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2016; 31:17-36. [PMID: 27567103 DOI: 10.1111/fcp.12232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 211] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2016] [Revised: 07/09/2016] [Accepted: 08/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Astragalus membranaceus Bunge has been used to treat numerous diseases for thousands of years. As the main active substance of Astragalus membranaceus Bunge, astragaloside IV (AS-IV) also demonstrates the potent protective effect on focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion, cardiovascular disease, pulmonary disease, liver fibrosis, and diabetic nephropathy. Based on studies published during the past several decades, the current state of AS-IV research and the pharmacological effects are detailed, elucidated, and summarized. This review systematically summarizes the pharmacological effects, metabolism mechanism, and the toxicity of AS-IV. AS-IV has multiple pharmacologic effects, including anti-inflammatory, antifibrotic, antioxidative stress, anti-asthma, antidiabetes, immunoregulation, and cardioprotective effect via numerous signaling pathways. According to the existing studies and clinical practices, AS-IV possesses potential for broad application in many diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Li
- College of Animal Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Chuzhou, China
| | - Xiaojiao Hou
- Engineering Research Center of Chinese Traditional Veterinary Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Rongfang Xu
- Engineering Research Center of Chinese Traditional Veterinary Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Chang Liu
- College of Animal Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Chuzhou, China
| | - Menbayaer Tu
- Engineering Research Center of Chinese Traditional Veterinary Medicine, Beijing, China
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25
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Terentyev D, Hamilton S. Regulation of sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca 2+ release by serine-threonine phosphatases in the heart. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2016; 101:156-164. [PMID: 27585747 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2016.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2016] [Revised: 08/26/2016] [Accepted: 08/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The amount and timing of Ca2+ release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) during cardiac cycle are the main determinants of cardiac contractility. Reversible phosphorylation of the SR Ca2+ release channel, ryanodine receptor type 2 (RyR2) is the central mechanism of regulation of Ca2+ release in cardiomyocytes. Three major serine-threonine phosphatases including PP1, PP2A and PP2B (calcineurin) have been implicated in modulation of RyR2 function. Changes in expression levels of these phosphatases, their activity and targeting to the RyR2 macromolecular complex were demonstrated in many animal models of cardiac disease and humans and are implicated in cardiac arrhythmia and heart failure. Here we review evidence in support of regulation of RyR2-mediated SR Ca2+ release by serine-threonine phosphatases and the role and mechanisms of dysregulation of phosphatases in various disease states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry Terentyev
- The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Rhode Island Hospital, Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Center, United States.
| | - Shanna Hamilton
- Cardiff University, School of Medicine, Wales Heart Research Institute, United Kingdom
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26
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LIU SHUENHSIN, HSIAO YAWEN, CHONG ERIC, SINGHAL RAHUL, FONG MANCAI, TSAI YUNGNAN, HSU CHIAOPO, CHEN YAOCHANG, CHEN YIJEN, CHIOU CHUENWANG, CHIANG SHUOJU, CHANG SHIHLIN, CHEN SHIHANN. Rhodiola Inhibits Atrial Arrhythmogenesis in a Heart Failure Model. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 2016; 27:1093-101. [DOI: 10.1111/jce.13026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2015] [Revised: 05/12/2016] [Accepted: 05/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- SHUEN-HSIN LIU
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Shuang-Ho Hospital; Taipei Medical University; New Taipei City Taiwan
| | - YA-WEN HSIAO
- Division of Cardiology; Taipei Veterans General Hospital; Taipei Taiwan
| | - ERIC CHONG
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine; Alexandra Hospital; Jurong Health Singapore
| | - RAHUL SINGHAL
- Department of Electrophysiology and Cardiac Pacing; Heart and General Hospital; India
| | - MAN-CAI FONG
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine; Cheng Hsin General Hospital; Taipei Taiwan
| | - YUNG-NAN TSAI
- Division of Cardiology; Taipei Veterans General Hospital; Taipei Taiwan
- Department of Medicine; National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine; Taipei Taiwan
| | - CHIAO-PO HSU
- Department of Medicine; National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine; Taipei Taiwan
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery; Taipei Veterans General Hospital; Taipei Taiwan
| | - YAO-CHANG CHEN
- Department of Biomedical Engineering; National Defense Medical Center; Taipei Taiwan
| | - YI-JEN CHEN
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine; Taipei Medical University; Taipei Taiwan
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wan-Fang Hospital; Taipei Medical University; Taipei Taiwan
| | - CHUEN-WANG CHIOU
- Division of Cardiology; Taipei Veterans General Hospital; Taipei Taiwan
- Department of Medicine; National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine; Taipei Taiwan
| | - SHUO-JU CHIANG
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine; Taipei Medical University; Taipei Taiwan
| | - SHIH-LIN CHANG
- Division of Cardiology; Taipei Veterans General Hospital; Taipei Taiwan
- Department of Medicine; National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine; Taipei Taiwan
| | - SHIH-ANN CHEN
- Division of Cardiology; Taipei Veterans General Hospital; Taipei Taiwan
- Department of Medicine; National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine; Taipei Taiwan
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27
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Alencar AK, da Silva JS, Lin M, Silva AM, Sun X, Ferrario CM, Cheng C, Sudo RT, Zapata-Sudo G, Wang H, Groban L. Effect of Age, Estrogen Status, and Late-Life GPER Activation on Cardiac Structure and Function in the Fischer344×Brown Norway Female Rat. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2016; 72:152-162. [PMID: 27006078 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glw045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2015] [Accepted: 02/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Age-associated changes in cardiac structure and function, together with estrogen loss, contribute to the progression of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction in older women. To investigate the effects of aging and estrogen loss on the development of its precursor, asymptomatic left ventricular diastolic dysfunction, echocardiograms were performed in 10 middle-aged (20 months) and 30 old-aged (30 months) female Fischer344×Brown-Norway rats, 4 and 8 weeks after ovariectomy (OVX) and sham procedures (gonads left intact). The cardioprotective potential of administering chronic G1, the selective agonist to the new G-protein-coupled estrogen receptor (GPER), was further evaluated in old rats (Old-OVX+G1) versus age-matched, vehicle-treated OVX and gonadal intact rats. Advanced age and estrogen loss led to decreases in myocardial relaxation and elevations in filling pressure, in part, due to reductions in phosphorylated phospholamban and increases in cardiac collagen deposition. Eight weeks of G-protein-coupled estrogen receptor activation in Old-OVX+G1 rats reversed the adverse effects of age and estrogen loss on myocardial relaxation through increases in sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ ATPase expression and reductions in interstitial fibrosis. These findings may explain the preponderance of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction in older postmenopausal women and provide a promising, late-life therapeutic target to reverse or halt the progression of left ventricular diastolic dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allan K Alencar
- Department of Anesthesiology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina.,Programa de Pesquisa em Desenvolvimento de Fármacos, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Jaqueline S da Silva
- Programa de Pesquisa em Desenvolvimento de Fármacos, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marina Lin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Ananssa M Silva
- Programa de Pesquisa em Desenvolvimento de Fármacos, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Xuming Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Carlos M Ferrario
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Nephrology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina.,Department of Surgery, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Cheping Cheng
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Cardiovascular Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Roberto T Sudo
- Programa de Pesquisa em Desenvolvimento de Fármacos, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Gisele Zapata-Sudo
- Programa de Pesquisa em Desenvolvimento de Fármacos, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina.,Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Leanne Groban
- Department of Anesthesiology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina. .,Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina.,The Hypertension and Vascular Research Center, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina.,The Sticht Center on Aging, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
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28
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Cho GW, Altamirano F, Hill JA. Chronic heart failure: Ca(2+), catabolism, and catastrophic cell death. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2016; 1862:763-777. [PMID: 26775029 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2016.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2015] [Revised: 12/28/2015] [Accepted: 01/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Robust successes have been achieved in recent years in conquering the acutely lethal manifestations of heart disease. Many patients who previously would have died now survive to enjoy happy and productive lives. Nevertheless, the devastating impact of heart disease continues unabated, as the spectrum of disease has evolved with new manifestations. In light of this ever-evolving challenge, insights that culminate in novel therapeutic targets are urgently needed. Here, we review fundamental mechanisms of heart failure, both with reduced (HFrEF) and preserved (HFpEF) ejection fraction. We discuss pathways that regulate cardiomyocyte remodeling and turnover, focusing on Ca(2+) signaling, autophagy, and apoptosis. In particular, we highlight recent insights pointing to novel connections among these events. We also explore mechanisms whereby potential therapeutic approaches targeting these processes may improve morbidity and mortality in the devastating syndrome of heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geoffrey W Cho
- Department of Internal Medicine (Cardiology), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Francisco Altamirano
- Department of Internal Medicine (Cardiology), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Joseph A Hill
- Department of Internal Medicine (Cardiology), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
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29
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Roe AT, Frisk M, Louch WE. Targeting cardiomyocyte Ca2+ homeostasis in heart failure. Curr Pharm Des 2015; 21:431-48. [PMID: 25483944 PMCID: PMC4475738 DOI: 10.2174/138161282104141204124129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2014] [Accepted: 08/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Improved treatments for heart failure patients will require the development of novel therapeutic strategies that target basal disease
mechanisms. Disrupted cardiomyocyte Ca2+ homeostasis is recognized as a major contributor to the heart failure phenotype, as it
plays a key role in systolic and diastolic dysfunction, arrhythmogenesis, and hypertrophy and apoptosis signaling. In this review, we outline
existing knowledge of the involvement of Ca2+ homeostasis in these deficits, and identify four promising targets for therapeutic intervention:
the sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ ATPase, the Na+-Ca2+ exchanger, the ryanodine receptor, and t-tubule structure. We discuss
experimental data indicating the applicability of these targets that has led to recent and ongoing clinical trials, and suggest future therapeutic
approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - William E Louch
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Kirkeveien 166, 4.etg. Bygg 7, Oslo University Hospital Ullevål, 0407 Oslo, Norway.
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30
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SERCA-2a is involved in the right ventricular function following myocardial infarction in rats. Life Sci 2015; 124:24-30. [PMID: 25625241 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2015.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2014] [Revised: 12/10/2014] [Accepted: 01/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Right ventricular (RV) function is considered an independent predictor of mortality and development of heart failure (HF) in patients with left ventricle dysfunction following myocardial infarction (MI). The functional and molecular mechanisms that may explain the RV dysfunction are still poorly understood. Our study was conducted to investigate RV contractility and the myocardium protein involved in the calcium handling following MI in rats. MAIN METHODS MI was surgically induced in male Wistar rats to create transmural infarctions involving 40-60% of the left ventricle surface. Infarcted rats were divided into two groups: those that presented classical signs of congestive heart failure (HF group) and those that did not (INF group), and compared to control animals (Sham). RV contractility was studied using isometric contraction in isolated strips and isovolumetric pressure in isolated heart. KEY FINDINGS Inotropic responses in RV strips were preserved in the INF group but were reduced in the HF group (3.75 mM Ca(2+) treatment: Sham = 163 ± 18; INF = 148 ± 19; HF = 68 ± 11 g/g*; *p < 0.05; 5 × 10(-5) M isoproterenol: Sham = 151 ± 15, INF = 134 ± 17, HF = 52 ± 7 g/g*; *p < 0.05). An increase in SERCA-2a protein expression in the RV was observed in the INF group but not in the HF group, which could explain the preserved inotropic response in these animals. SIGNIFICANCE Increased SERCA-2a protein expression may play a role in the preservation of RV function post-MI. Therefore, therapeutic strategies that attempt to increase SERCA protein expression levels may be useful for the treatment of HF.
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31
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Ahmad F, Shen W, Vandeput F, Szabo-Fresnais N, Krall J, Degerman E, Goetz F, Klussmann E, Movsesian M, Manganiello V. Regulation of sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ ATPase 2 (SERCA2) activity by phosphodiesterase 3A (PDE3A) in human myocardium: phosphorylation-dependent interaction of PDE3A1 with SERCA2. J Biol Chem 2015; 290:6763-76. [PMID: 25593322 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.638585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase 3A (PDE3) regulates cAMP-mediated signaling in the heart, and PDE3 inhibitors augment contractility in patients with heart failure. Studies in mice showed that PDE3A, not PDE3B, is the subfamily responsible for these inotropic effects and that murine PDE3A1 associates with sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+) ATPase 2 (SERCA2), phospholamban (PLB), and AKAP18 in a multiprotein signalosome in human sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR). Immunohistochemical staining demonstrated that PDE3A co-localizes in Z-bands of human cardiac myocytes with desmin, SERCA2, PLB, and AKAP18. In human SR fractions, cAMP increased PLB phosphorylation and SERCA2 activity; this was potentiated by PDE3 inhibition but not by PDE4 inhibition. During gel filtration chromatography of solubilized SR membranes, PDE3 activity was recovered in distinct high molecular weight (HMW) and low molecular weight (LMW) peaks. HMW peaks contained PDE3A1 and PDE3A2, whereas LMW peaks contained PDE3A1, PDE3A2, and PDE3A3. Western blotting showed that endogenous HMW PDE3A1 was the principal PKA-phosphorylated isoform. Phosphorylation of endogenous PDE3A by rPKAc increased cAMP-hydrolytic activity, correlated with shift of PDE3A from LMW to HMW peaks, and increased co-immunoprecipitation of SERCA2, cav3, PKA regulatory subunit (PKARII), PP2A, and AKAP18 with PDE3A. In experiments with recombinant proteins, phosphorylation of recombinant human PDE3A isoforms by recombinant PKA catalytic subunit increased co-immunoprecipitation with rSERCA2 and rat rAKAP18 (recombinant AKAP18). Deletion of the recombinant human PDE3A1/PDE3A2 N terminus blocked interactions with recombinant SERCA2. Serine-to-alanine substitutions identified Ser-292/Ser-293, a site unique to human PDE3A1, as the principal site regulating its interaction with SERCA2. These results indicate that phosphorylation of human PDE3A1 at a PKA site in its unique N-terminal extension promotes its incorporation into SERCA2/AKAP18 signalosomes, where it regulates a discrete cAMP pool that controls contractility by modulating phosphorylation-dependent protein-protein interactions, PLB phosphorylation, and SERCA2 activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faiyaz Ahmad
- From the Cardiovascular Pulmonary Branch, NHLBI, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892,
| | - Weixing Shen
- From the Cardiovascular Pulmonary Branch, NHLBI, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Fabrice Vandeput
- VA Salt Lake City Health Care System and University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | | | - Judith Krall
- VA Salt Lake City Health Care System and University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Eva Degerman
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Division for Diabetes, Metabolism, and Endocrinology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Frank Goetz
- Max Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine Berlin-Buch (MDC), 13125 Germany, and
| | - Enno Klussmann
- Max Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine Berlin-Buch (MDC), 13125 Germany, and DZHK, German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, 13347 Berlin, Germany
| | - Matthew Movsesian
- VA Salt Lake City Health Care System and University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Vincent Manganiello
- From the Cardiovascular Pulmonary Branch, NHLBI, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
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Ziolo MT, Houser SR. Abnormal Ca(2+) cycling in failing ventricular myocytes: role of NOS1-mediated nitroso-redox balance. Antioxid Redox Signal 2014; 21:2044-59. [PMID: 24801117 PMCID: PMC4208612 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2014.5873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Heart failure (HF) results from poor heart function and is the leading cause of death in Western society. Abnormalities of Ca(2+) handling at the level of the ventricular myocyte are largely responsible for much of the poor heart function. RECENT ADVANCES Although studies have unraveled numerous mechanisms for the abnormal Ca(2+) handling, investigations over the past decade have indicated that much of the contractile dysfunction and adverse remodeling that occurs in HF involves oxidative stress. CRITICAL ISSUES Regrettably, antioxidant therapy has been an immense disappointment in clinical trials. Thus, redox signaling is being reassessed to elucidate why antioxidants failed to treat HF. FUTURE DIRECTIONS A recently identified aspect of redox signaling (specifically the superoxide anion radical) is its interaction with nitric oxide, known as the nitroso-redox balance. There is a large nitroso-redox imbalance with HF, and we suggest that correcting this imbalance may be able to restore myocyte contraction and improve heart function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark T Ziolo
- 1 Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University , Columbus, Ohio
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Ablorh NAD, Dong X, James ZM, Xiong Q, Zhang J, Thomas DD, Karim CB. Synthetic phosphopeptides enable quantitation of the content and function of the four phosphorylation states of phospholamban in cardiac muscle. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:29397-405. [PMID: 25190804 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.556621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
We have studied the differential effects of phospholamban (PLB) phosphorylation states on the activity of the sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca-ATPase (SERCA). It has been shown that unphosphorylated PLB (U-PLB) inhibits SERCA and that phosphorylation of PLB at Ser-16 or Thr-17 relieves this inhibition in cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum. However, the levels of the four phosphorylation states of PLB (U-PLB, P16-PLB, P17-PLB, and doubly phosphorylated 2P-PLB) have not been measured quantitatively in cardiac tissue, and their functional effects on SERCA have not been determined directly. We have solved both problems through the chemical synthesis of all four PLB species. We first used the synthetic PLB as standards for a quantitative immunoblot assay, to determine the concentrations of all four PLB phosphorylation states in pig cardiac tissue, with and without left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) induced by aortic banding. In both LVH and sham hearts, all phosphorylation states were significantly populated, but LVH hearts showed a significant decrease in U-PLB, with a corresponding increase in the ratio of total phosphorylated PLB to U-PLB. To determine directly the functional effects of each PLB species, we co-reconstituted each of the synthetic peptides in phospholipid membranes with SERCA and measured calcium-dependent ATPase activity. SERCA inhibition was maximally relieved by P16-PLB (the most highly populated PLB state in cardiac tissue homogenates), followed by 2P-PLB, then P17-PLB. These results show that each PLB phosphorylation state uniquely alters Ca(2+) homeostasis, with important implications for cardiac health, disease, and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Xiaoqiong Dong
- From the Departments of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics and
| | - Zachary M James
- From the Departments of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics and
| | - Qiang Xiong
- Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455
| | - Jianyi Zhang
- Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455
| | - David D Thomas
- From the Departments of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics and
| | - Christine B Karim
- From the Departments of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics and
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Rain S, Bos DDSG, Handoko ML, Westerhof N, Stienen G, Ottenheijm C, Goebel M, Dorfmüller P, Guignabert C, Humbert M, Bogaard HJ, Remedios CD, Saripalli C, Hidalgo CG, Granzier HL, Vonk-Noordegraaf A, van der Velden J, de Man FS. Protein changes contributing to right ventricular cardiomyocyte diastolic dysfunction in pulmonary arterial hypertension. J Am Heart Assoc 2014; 3:e000716. [PMID: 24895160 PMCID: PMC4309054 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.113.000716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Background Right ventricular (RV) diastolic function is impaired in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Our previous study showed that elevated cardiomyocyte stiffness and myofilament Ca2+ sensitivity underlie diastolic dysfunction in PAH. This study investigates protein modifications contributing to cellular diastolic dysfunction in PAH. Methods and Results RV samples from PAH patients undergoing heart‐lung transplantation were compared to non‐failing donors (Don). Titin stiffness contribution to RV diastolic dysfunction was determined by Western‐blot analyses using antibodies to protein‐kinase‐A (PKA), Cα (PKCα) and Ca2+/calmoduling‐dependent‐kinase (CamKIIδ) titin and phospholamban (PLN) phosphorylation sites: N2B (Ser469), PEVK (Ser170 and Ser26), and PLN (Thr17), respectively. PKA and PKCα sites were significantly less phosphorylated in PAH compared with donors (P<0.0001). To test the functional relevance of PKA‐, PKCα‐, and CamKIIδ‐mediated titin phosphorylation, we measured the stiffness of single RV cardiomyocytes before and after kinase incubation. PKA significantly decreased PAH RV cardiomyocyte diastolic stiffness, PKCα further increased stiffness while CamKIIδ had no major effect. CamKIIδ activation was determined indirectly by measuring PLN Thr17phosphorylation level. No significant changes were found between the groups. Myofilament Ca2+ sensitivity is mediated by sarcomeric troponin I (cTnI) phosphorylation. We observed increased unphosphorylated cTnI in PAH compared with donors (P<0.05) and reduced PKA‐mediated cTnI phosphorylation (Ser22/23) (P<0.001). Finally, alterations in Ca2+‐handling proteins contribute to RV diastolic dysfunction due to insufficient diastolic Ca2+ clearance. PAH SERCA2a levels and PLN phosphorylation were significantly reduced compared with donors (P<0.05). Conclusions Increased titin stiffness, reduced cTnI phosphorylation, and altered levels of phosphorylation of Ca2+ handling proteins contribute to RV diastolic dysfunction in PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Rain
- Department of Pulmonology, VU University Medical Center/Institute for Cardiovascular Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (S.R., D.S.G.B., N.W., H.J.B., A.V.N., F.S.M.) Department of Physiology, VU University Medical Center/Institute for Cardiovascular Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (S.R., L.H., N.W., G.S., C.O., M.G., J.V., F.S.M.)
| | - Denielli da Silva Goncalves Bos
- Department of Pulmonology, VU University Medical Center/Institute for Cardiovascular Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (S.R., D.S.G.B., N.W., H.J.B., A.V.N., F.S.M.)
| | - M Louis Handoko
- Department of Physiology, VU University Medical Center/Institute for Cardiovascular Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (S.R., L.H., N.W., G.S., C.O., M.G., J.V., F.S.M.) Department of Cardiology, VU University Medical Center/Institute for Cardiovascular Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (L.H.)
| | - Nico Westerhof
- Department of Pulmonology, VU University Medical Center/Institute for Cardiovascular Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (S.R., D.S.G.B., N.W., H.J.B., A.V.N., F.S.M.) Department of Physiology, VU University Medical Center/Institute for Cardiovascular Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (S.R., L.H., N.W., G.S., C.O., M.G., J.V., F.S.M.)
| | - Ger Stienen
- Department of Physiology, VU University Medical Center/Institute for Cardiovascular Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (S.R., L.H., N.W., G.S., C.O., M.G., J.V., F.S.M.) Department of Physics and Astronomy, VU University Medical Center/Institute for Cardiovascular Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (G.S.)
| | - Coen Ottenheijm
- Department of Physiology, VU University Medical Center/Institute for Cardiovascular Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (S.R., L.H., N.W., G.S., C.O., M.G., J.V., F.S.M.)
| | - Max Goebel
- Department of Physiology, VU University Medical Center/Institute for Cardiovascular Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (S.R., L.H., N.W., G.S., C.O., M.G., J.V., F.S.M.)
| | - Peter Dorfmüller
- Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris-Sud, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France (P.D., C.G., M.H.) Inserm U999, LabEx LERMIT, Centre Chirurgical Marie Lannelongue, Le Plessis Robinson, France (P.D., C.G., M.H.)
| | - Christophe Guignabert
- Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris-Sud, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France (P.D., C.G., M.H.) Inserm U999, LabEx LERMIT, Centre Chirurgical Marie Lannelongue, Le Plessis Robinson, France (P.D., C.G., M.H.)
| | - Marc Humbert
- Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris-Sud, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France (P.D., C.G., M.H.) Inserm U999, LabEx LERMIT, Centre Chirurgical Marie Lannelongue, Le Plessis Robinson, France (P.D., C.G., M.H.) Service d'Anatomie Pathologique, Centre Chirurgical Marie Lannelongue, Le Plessis Robinson, France (M.H.) Assistance Publique-Hôspitaux de Paris, Service de Pneumologie, Département Hôspital Universitaire, Thorax innovation, (DHU-TORINO), Hôpital Bicêtre, France (M.H.)
| | - Harm-Jan Bogaard
- Department of Pulmonology, VU University Medical Center/Institute for Cardiovascular Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (S.R., D.S.G.B., N.W., H.J.B., A.V.N., F.S.M.)
| | - Cris Dos Remedios
- Muscle Research Unit, Discipline of Anatomy & Histology, Bosch Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia (C.R.)
| | - Chandra Saripalli
- Sarver Molecular Cardiovascular Research Program, Department of Physiology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, The Netherlands (C.S., C.G.H., H.L.G.)
| | - Carlos G Hidalgo
- Sarver Molecular Cardiovascular Research Program, Department of Physiology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, The Netherlands (C.S., C.G.H., H.L.G.)
| | - Henk L Granzier
- Sarver Molecular Cardiovascular Research Program, Department of Physiology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, The Netherlands (C.S., C.G.H., H.L.G.)
| | - Anton Vonk-Noordegraaf
- Department of Pulmonology, VU University Medical Center/Institute for Cardiovascular Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (S.R., D.S.G.B., N.W., H.J.B., A.V.N., F.S.M.)
| | - Jolanda van der Velden
- Department of Physiology, VU University Medical Center/Institute for Cardiovascular Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (S.R., L.H., N.W., G.S., C.O., M.G., J.V., F.S.M.) ICIN - The Netherlands Heart Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (J.V.)
| | - Frances S de Man
- Department of Pulmonology, VU University Medical Center/Institute for Cardiovascular Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (S.R., D.S.G.B., N.W., H.J.B., A.V.N., F.S.M.) Department of Physiology, VU University Medical Center/Institute for Cardiovascular Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (S.R., L.H., N.W., G.S., C.O., M.G., J.V., F.S.M.)
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Schmitt N, Grunnet M, Olesen SP. Cardiac potassium channel subtypes: new roles in repolarization and arrhythmia. Physiol Rev 2014; 94:609-53. [PMID: 24692356 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00022.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 160] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
About 10 distinct potassium channels in the heart are involved in shaping the action potential. Some of the K+ channels are primarily responsible for early repolarization, whereas others drive late repolarization and still others are open throughout the cardiac cycle. Three main K+ channels drive the late repolarization of the ventricle with some redundancy, and in atria this repolarization reserve is supplemented by the fairly atrial-specific KV1.5, Kir3, KCa, and K2P channels. The role of the latter two subtypes in atria is currently being clarified, and several findings indicate that they could constitute targets for new pharmacological treatment of atrial fibrillation. The interplay between the different K+ channel subtypes in both atria and ventricle is dynamic, and a significant up- and downregulation occurs in disease states such as atrial fibrillation or heart failure. The underlying posttranscriptional and posttranslational remodeling of the individual K+ channels changes their activity and significance relative to each other, and they must be viewed together to understand their role in keeping a stable heart rhythm, also under menacing conditions like attacks of reentry arrhythmia.
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Mattiazzi A, Kranias EG. The role of CaMKII regulation of phospholamban activity in heart disease. Front Pharmacol 2014; 5:5. [PMID: 24550830 PMCID: PMC3913884 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2014.00005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2013] [Accepted: 01/07/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Phospholamban (PLN) is a phosphoprotein in cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) that is a reversible regulator of the Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA2a) activity and cardiac contractility. Dephosphorylated PLN inhibits SERCA2a and PLN phosphorylation, at either Ser16 by PKA or Thr17 by Ca2+-calmodulin-dependent protein kinase (CaMKII), reverses this inhibition. Through this mechanism, PLN is a key modulator of SR Ca2+ uptake, Ca2+ load, contractility, and relaxation. PLN phosphorylation is also the main determinant of β1-adrenergic responses in the heart. Although phosphorylation of Thr17 by CaMKII contributes to this effect, its role is subordinate to the PKA-dependent increase in cytosolic Ca2+, necessary to activate CaMKII. Furthermore, the effects of PLN and its phosphorylation on cardiac function are subject to additional regulation by its interacting partners, the anti-apoptotic HAX-1 protein and Gm or the anchoring unit of protein phosphatase 1. Regulation of PLN activity by this multimeric complex becomes even more important in pathological conditions, characterized by aberrant Ca2+-cycling. In this scenario, CaMKII-dependent PLN phosphorylation has been associated with protective effects in both acidosis and ischemia/reperfusion. However, the beneficial effects of increasing SR Ca2+ uptake through PLN phosphorylation may be lost or even become deleterious, when these occur in association with alterations in SR Ca2+ leak. Moreover, a major characteristic in human and experimental heart failure (HF) is depressed SR Ca2+ uptake, associated with decreased SERCA2a levels and dephosphorylation of PLN, leading to decreased SR Ca2+ load and impaired contractility. Thus, the strategy of altering SERCA2a and/or PLN levels or activity to restore perturbed SR Ca2+ uptake is a potential therapeutic tool for HF treatment. We will review here the role of CaMKII-dependent phosphorylation of PLN at Thr17 on cardiac function under physiological and pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia Mattiazzi
- Facultad de Medicina, Centro de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Conicet La Plata-Universidad Nacional de La Plata La Plata, Argentina
| | - Evangelia G Kranias
- Department of Pharmacology and Cell Biophysics, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati Cincinnati, OH, USA
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Zhao XY, Hu SJ, Li J, Mou Y, Bian K, Sun J, Zhu ZH. rAAV-asPLB transfer attenuates abnormal sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase activity and cardiac dysfunction in rats with myocardial infarction. Eur J Heart Fail 2014; 10:47-54. [PMID: 18096433 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejheart.2007.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2007] [Revised: 08/22/2007] [Accepted: 10/19/2007] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yan Zhao
- Institute of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University; 79 Qingchun Road Hangzhou 310003 China
| | - Shen-Jiang Hu
- Institute of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University; 79 Qingchun Road Hangzhou 310003 China
- E-Institute of Shanghai Universities, Division of Nitric Oxide and Inflammatory Medicine; China
| | - Jiang Li
- Institute of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University; 79 Qingchun Road Hangzhou 310003 China
| | - Yun Mou
- Institute of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University; 79 Qingchun Road Hangzhou 310003 China
| | - Ka Bian
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology; The University of Texas-Houston Medical School; 6431 Fannin Houston TX 77030 USA
- E-Institute of Shanghai Universities, Division of Nitric Oxide and Inflammatory Medicine; China
| | - Jian Sun
- Institute of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University; 79 Qingchun Road Hangzhou 310003 China
| | - Zhao-Hui Zhu
- Institute of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University; 79 Qingchun Road Hangzhou 310003 China
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38
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Neef S, Maier LS. Novel aspects of excitation-contraction coupling in heart failure. Basic Res Cardiol 2013; 108:360. [PMID: 23740218 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-013-0360-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2013] [Revised: 03/18/2013] [Accepted: 03/28/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Excitation-contraction coupling is the process by which electrical activation is translated into contraction of a cardiac myocyte and thus the heart. In heart failure, expression, phosphorylation, and function of several intracellular proteins that are involved in excitation-contraction coupling are altered. The present review article summarizes central principles and highlights novel aspects of alterations in heart failure, focusing especially on recent findings regarding altered sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ -leak and late Na+ -current without being able to cover all changes in full detail. These two pathomechanisms seem to play interesting roles with respect to systolic and diastolic dysfunction and may also be important for cardiac arrhythmias. Furthermore, the article outlines the translation of these novel findings into potential therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Neef
- Abt. Kardiologie und Pneumologie/Herzzentrum, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Robert-Koch-Str. 40, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
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39
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Louch WE, Stokke MK, Sjaastad I, Christensen G, Sejersted OM. No rest for the weary: diastolic calcium homeostasis in the normal and failing myocardium. Physiology (Bethesda) 2013; 27:308-23. [PMID: 23026754 DOI: 10.1152/physiol.00021.2012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Following contraction of the heart, efficient relaxation (diastole) is essential for refilling the ventricles with blood. This review describes how ventricular relaxation is controlled by Ca(2+) homeostasis in cardiac muscle cells and how alterations in Ca(2+) cycling affect diastolic function in the normal and failing heart. These discussions illustrate that the diastolic phase is not simply a period of rest but rather involves highly regulated and dynamic Ca(2+) fluxes.
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Affiliation(s)
- William E Louch
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
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40
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Kagota S, Maruyama K, Tada Y, Wakuda H, Nakamura K, Kunitomo M, Shinozuka K. Abnormal amounts of intracellular calcium regulatory proteins in SHRSP.Z-Leprfa/IzmDmcr rats with metabolic syndrome and cardiac dysfunction. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2013; 91:124-33. [DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2012-0226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome is known to increase the risk of abnormal cardiac structure and function, which are considered to contribute to increased incidence of cardiovascular disease and mortality. We previously demonstrated that ventricular hypertrophy and diastolic dysfunction occur in SHRSP.Z-Leprfa/IzmDmcr (SHRSP fatty) rats with metabolic syndrome. The aim of this study was to investigate the possible mechanisms underlying abnormal heart function in SHRSP fatty rats. The amount of sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA) 2a, phospholamban (PLB) protein, and Ser16-phosphorylated PLB was decreased in cardiomyocytes from SHRSP fatty rats compared with those from control Wistar–Kyoto rats at 18 weeks of age, and the PLB-to-SERCA2a ratio was increased. Left ventricular developed pressure was unchanged, and coronary flow rate and maximum rate of left ventricular pressure decline (−dP/dt) was decreased in SHRSP fatty rats. Treatment with telmisartan reversed the abnormalities of PLB amount, coronary flow rate, and −dP/dt in SHRSP fatty rats. These results indicate that abnormal amounts of intracellular Ca2+ regulatory proteins in cardiomyocytes, leading to reduced intracellular Ca2+ reuptake into the sarcoplasmic reticulum, may play a role in the diastolic dysfunction in SHRSP fatty rats and that these effects are partially related to decreased coronary circulation. Telmisartan may be beneficial in protecting against disturbances in cardiac function associated with metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satomi Kagota
- Department of Pharmacology II, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Nishinomiya 663-8179, Japan
| | - Kana Maruyama
- Department of Pharmacology II, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Nishinomiya 663-8179, Japan
| | - Yukari Tada
- Department of Pharmacology II, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Nishinomiya 663-8179, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Wakuda
- Department of Pharmacology II, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Nishinomiya 663-8179, Japan
| | - Kazuki Nakamura
- Department of Pharmacology I2, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, 11-68 Koshien Kyuban-cho, Nishinomiya 663-8179, Japan
| | - Masaru Kunitomo
- Department of Pharmacology I2, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, 11-68 Koshien Kyuban-cho, Nishinomiya 663-8179, Japan
| | - Kazumasa Shinozuka
- Department of Pharmacology II, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Nishinomiya 663-8179, Japan
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Oh JG, Kim J, Jang SP, Nguen M, Yang DK, Jeong D, Park ZY, Park SG, Hajjar RJ, Park WJ. Decoy peptides targeted to protein phosphatase 1 inhibit dephosphorylation of phospholamban in cardiomyocytes. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2012; 56:63-71. [PMID: 23262438 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2012.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2012] [Revised: 12/05/2012] [Accepted: 12/07/2012] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+)-ATPase (SERCA2a) plays a crucial role in Ca(2+) handling in cardiomyocytes. Phospholamban (PLB) is an endogenous inhibitor of SERCA2a and its inhibitory activity is enhanced via dephosphorylation by protein phosphatase 1 (PP1). Therefore, the inhibition of PP1-mediated dephosphorylation of PLB might be an efficient strategy for the restoration of reduced SERCA2a activity in failing hearts. We sought to develop decoy peptides that would mimic phosphorylated PLB and thus competitively inhibit the PP1-mediated dephosphorylation of endogenous PLB. The phosphorylation sites Ser16 and Thr17 are located within the flexible loop region (amino acids 14-22) of PLB. We therefore synthesized a 9-mer peptide derived from this region (ΨPLB-wt) and two pseudo-phosphorylated peptides where Ser16 was replaced with Glu (ΨPLB-SE) or Thr17 was replaced with Glu (ΨPLB-TE). These peptides were coupled to the cell-permeable peptide TAT to facilitate cellular uptake. Treatment of adult rat cardiomyocytes with ΨPLB-SE or ΨPLB-TE, but not with ΨPLB-wt, significantly elevated the phosphorylation levels of PLB at Ser16 and Thr17. This increased phosphorylation of PLB correlated with an increase in contractile parameters in vitro. Furthermore, the perfusion of isolated rat hearts with ΨPLB-SE or ΨPLB-TE, but not with ΨPLB-wt, significantly improved left ventricular developed pressure that had been previously impaired by ischemia. These data indicate that ΨPLB-SE and ΨPLB-TE efficiently prevented dephosphorylation of PLB by serving as decoys for PP1. Therefore, these peptides may provide an effective modality to regulate SERCA2a activity in failing hearts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Gyun Oh
- Global Research Laboratory, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, South Korea
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Kohr MJ, Roof SR, Zweier JL, Ziolo MT. Modulation of myocardial contraction by peroxynitrite. Front Physiol 2012; 3:468. [PMID: 23248603 PMCID: PMC3520483 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2012.00468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2012] [Accepted: 11/26/2012] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Peroxynitrite is a potent oxidant that is quickly emerging as a crucial modulator of myocardial function. This review will focus on the regulation of myocardial contraction by peroxynitrite during health and disease, with a specific emphasis on cardiomyocyte Ca2+ handling, proposed signaling pathways, and protein end-targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark J Kohr
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Columbus, OH, USA ; Division of Cardiovascular Pathology, Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University Baltimore, MD, USA
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Abstract
Cardiac myocyte function is dependent on the synchronized movements of Ca(2+) into and out of the cell, as well as between the cytosol and sarcoplasmic reticulum. These movements determine cardiac rhythm and regulate excitation-contraction coupling. Ca(2+) cycling is mediated by a number of critical Ca(2+)-handling proteins and transporters, such as L-type Ca(2+) channels (LTCCs) and sodium/calcium exchangers in the sarcolemma, and sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase 2a (SERCA2a), ryanodine receptors, and cardiac phospholamban in the sarcoplasmic reticulum. The entry of Ca(2+) into the cytosol through LTCCs activates the release of Ca(2+) from the sarcoplasmic reticulum through ryanodine receptor channels and initiates myocyte contraction, whereas SERCA2a and cardiac phospholamban have a key role in sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+) sequesteration and myocyte relaxation. Excitation-contraction coupling is regulated by phosphorylation of Ca(2+)-handling proteins. Abnormalities in sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+) cycling are hallmarks of heart failure and contribute to the pathophysiology and progression of this disease. Correcting impaired intracellular Ca(2+) cycling is a promising new approach for the treatment of heart failure. Novel therapeutic strategies that enhance myocyte Ca(2+) homeostasis could prevent and reverse adverse cardiac remodeling and improve clinical outcomes in patients with heart failure.
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Moon MR, Aziz A, Lee AM, Moon CJ, Okada S, Kanter EM, Yamada KA. Differential calcium handling in two canine models of right ventricular pressure overload. J Surg Res 2012; 178:554-62. [PMID: 22632938 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2012.04.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2011] [Revised: 03/24/2012] [Accepted: 04/27/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this investigation was to characterize differential right atrial (RA) and ventricular (RV) molecular changes in Ca(2+)-handling proteins consequent to RV pressure overload and hypertrophy in two common, yet distinct models of pulmonary hypertension: dehydromonocrotaline (DMCT) toxicity and pulmonary artery (PA) banding. METHODS A total of 18 dogs underwent sternotomy in four groups: (1) DMCT toxicity (n = 5), (2) mild PA banding over 10 wk to match the RV pressure rise with DMCT (n = 5); (3) progressive PA banding to generate severe RV overload (n = 4); and (4) sternotomy only (n = 4). RESULTS In the right ventricle, with DMCT, there was no change in sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+)-ATPase (SERCA) or phospholamban (PLB), but we saw a trend toward down-regulation of phosphorylated PLB at serine-16 (p[Ser-16]PLB) (P = 0.07). Similarly, with mild PA banding, there was no change in SERCA or PLB, but p(Ser-16)PLB was down-regulated by 74% (P < 0.001). With severe PA banding, there was no change in PLB, but SERCA fell by 57% and p(Ser-16)PLB fell by 67% (P < 0.001). In the right atrium, with DMCT, there were no significant changes. With both mild and severe PA banding, p(Ser-16)PLB fell (P < 0.001), but SERCA and PLB did not change. CONCLUSIONS Perturbations in Ca(2+)-handling proteins depend on the degree of RV pressure overload and the model used to mimic the RV effects of pulmonary hypertension. They are similar, but blunted, in the atrium compared with the ventricle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc R Moon
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri 63110-1013, USA.
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Wei J, Liang BS. PPM1B and P-IKKβ expression levels correlated inversely with rat gastrocnemius atrophy after denervation. Braz J Med Biol Res 2012; 45:711-5. [PMID: 22584641 PMCID: PMC3854238 DOI: 10.1590/s0100-879x2012007500080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2011] [Accepted: 05/03/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Activated inhibitor of nuclear factor-κB kinase β (IKKβ) is necessary and sufficient for denervated skeletal muscle atrophy. Although several studies have shown that Mg(2+)/Mn(2+)-dependent protein phosphatase 1B (PPM1B) inactivated IKKβ, few studies have investigated the role of PPM1B in denervated skeletal muscle. In this study, we aim to explore the expression and significance of PPM1B and phosphorylated IKKβ (P-IKKβ) during atrophy of the denervated gastrocnemius. Thirty young adult female Wistar rats were subjected to right sciatic nerve transection and were sacrificed at 0 (control), 2, 7, 14, and 28 days after denervation surgery. The gastrocnemius was removed from both the denervated and the contralateral limb. The muscle wet weight ratio was calculated as the ratio of the wet weight of the denervated gastrocnemius to that of the contralateral gastrocnemius. RT-PCR and Western blot analysis showed that mRNA and protein levels of PPM1B were significantly lower than those of the control group at different times after the initiation of denervation, while P-IKKβ showed the opposite trends. PPM1B protein expression persistently decreased while P-IKKβ expression persistently increased for 28 days after denervation. PPM1B expression correlated negatively with P-IKKβ expression by the Spearman test, whereas decreasing PPM1B expression correlated positively with the muscle wet weight ratio. The expression levels of PPM1B and P-IKKβ were closely associated with atrophy in skeletal denervated muscle. These results suggest that PPM1B and P-IKKβ could be markers in skeletal muscle atrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Wei
- Department of Orthopedics, the Second Hospital, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
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Zhang DW, Bian ZP, Xu JD, Wu HF, Gu CR, Zhou B, Chen XJ, Yang D. Astragaloside IV Alleviates Hypoxia/Reoxygenation-Induced Neonatal Rat Cardiomyocyte Injury via the Protein Kinase A Pathway. Pharmacology 2012; 90:95-101. [DOI: 10.1159/000339476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2011] [Accepted: 05/14/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Mill JG, Stefanon I, dos Santos L, Baldo MP. Remodeling in the ischemic heart: the stepwise progression for heart failure. Braz J Med Biol Res 2011; 44:890-8. [PMID: 21829898 DOI: 10.1590/s0100-879x2011007500096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2011] [Accepted: 07/26/2011] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronary artery disease is the leading cause of death in the developed world and in developing countries. Acute mortality from acute myocardial infarction (MI) has decreased in the last decades. However, the incidence of heart failure (HF) in patients with healed infarcted areas is increasing. Therefore, HF prevention is a major challenge to the health system in order to reduce healthcare costs and to provide a better quality of life. Animal models of ischemia and infarction have been essential in providing precise information regarding cardiac remodeling. Several of these changes are maladaptive, and they progressively lead to ventricular dilatation and predispose to the development of arrhythmias, HF and death. These events depend on cell death due to necrosis and apoptosis and on activation of the inflammatory response soon after MI. Systemic and local neurohumoral activation has also been associated with maladaptive cardiac remodeling, predisposing to HF. In this review, we provide a timely description of the cardiovascular alterations that occur after MI at the cellular, neurohumoral and electrical level and discuss the repercussions of these alterations on electrical, mechanical and structural dysfunction of the heart. We also identify several areas where insufficient knowledge limits the adoption of better strategies to prevent HF development in chronically infarcted individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- J G Mill
- Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES, Brasil
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Shintani-Ishida K, Yoshida KI. Ischemia induces phospholamban dephosphorylation via activation of calcineurin, PKC-α, and protein phosphatase 1, thereby inducing calcium overload in reperfusion. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2011; 1812:743-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2011.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2010] [Revised: 02/23/2011] [Accepted: 03/21/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Briston SJ, Caldwell JL, Horn MA, Clarke JD, Richards MA, Greensmith DJ, Graham HK, Hall MCS, Eisner DA, Dibb KM, Trafford AW. Impaired β-adrenergic responsiveness accentuates dysfunctional excitation-contraction coupling in an ovine model of tachypacing-induced heart failure. J Physiol 2011; 589:1367-82. [PMID: 21242250 PMCID: PMC3082097 DOI: 10.1113/jphysiol.2010.203984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2010] [Accepted: 01/10/2011] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Reduced inotropic responsiveness is characteristic of heart failure (HF). This study determined the cellular Ca2+ homeostatic and molecular mechanisms causing the blunted β-adrenergic (β-AR) response in HF.We induced HF by tachypacing in sheep; intracellular Ca2+ concentration was measured in voltage-clamped ventricular myocytes. In HF, Ca2+ transient amplitude and peak L-type Ca2+ current (ICa-L) were reduced (to 70 ± 11% and 50 ± 3.7% of control, respectively, P <0.05) whereas sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca2+ content was unchanged. β-AR stimulation with isoprenaline (ISO) increased Ca2+ transient amplitude, ICa-L and SRCa2+ content in both cell types; however, the response of HF cells was markedly diminished (P <0.05).Western blotting revealed an increase in protein phosphatase levels (PP1, 158 ± 17% and PP2A, 188 ± 34% of control, P <0.05) and reduced phosphorylation of phospholamban in HF (Ser16, 30 ± 10% and Thr17, 41 ± 15% of control, P <0.05). The β-AR receptor kinase GRK-2 was also increased in HF (173 ± 38% of control, P <0.05). In HF, activation of adenylyl cyclase with forskolin rescued the Ca2+ transient, SR Ca2+ content and SR Ca2+ uptake rate to the same levels as control cells in ISO. In conclusion, the reduced responsiveness of the myocardium to β-AR agonists in HF probably arises as a consequence of impaired phosphorylation of key intracellular proteins responsible for regulating the SR Ca2+ content and therefore failure of the systolic Ca2+ transient to increase appropriately during β-AR stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah J Briston
- Unit of Cardiac Physiology, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9NT, UK
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Sachan N, Dey A, Rotter D, Grinsfelder DB, Battiprolu PK, Sikder D, Copeland V, Oh M, Bush E, Shelton JM, Bibb JA, Hill JA, Rothermel BA. Sustained hemodynamic stress disrupts normal circadian rhythms in calcineurin-dependent signaling and protein phosphorylation in the heart. Circ Res 2011; 108:437-45. [PMID: 21233454 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.110.235309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Despite overwhelming evidence of the importance of circadian rhythms in cardiovascular health and disease, little is known regarding the circadian regulation of intracellular signaling pathways controlling cardiac function and remodeling. OBJECTIVE To assess circadian changes in processes dependent on the protein phosphatase calcineurin, relative to changes in phosphorylation of cardiac proteins, in normal, hypertrophic, and failing hearts. METHODS AND RESULTS We found evidence of large circadian oscillations in calcineurin-dependent activities in the left ventricle of healthy C57BL/6 mice. Calcineurin-dependent transcript levels and nuclear occupancy of the NFAT (nuclear factor of activated T cells) regularly fluctuated as much as 20-fold over the course of a day, peaking in the morning when mice enter a period of rest. Phosphorylation of the protein phosphatase 1 inhibitor 1 (I-1), a direct calcineurin substrate, and phospholamban, an indirect target, oscillated directly out of phase with calcineurin-dependent signaling. Using a surgical model of cardiac pressure overload, we found that although calcineurin-dependent activities were markedly elevated, the circadian pattern of activation was maintained, whereas, oscillations in phospholamban and I-1 phosphorylation were lost. Changes in the expression of fetal gene markers of heart failure did not mirror the rhythm in calcineurin/NFAT activation, suggesting that these may not be direct transcriptional target genes. Cardiac function in mice subjected to pressure overload was significantly lower in the morning than in the evening when assessed by echocardiography. CONCLUSIONS Normal, opposing circadian oscillations in calcineurin-dependent activities and phosphorylation of proteins that regulate contractility are disrupted in heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nita Sachan
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-8573, USA
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